Yusuf Al-Qaradawi Yusuf al-Qaradawi is a controversial Egyptian Islamic Theologian.His full name is Yusuf bin Abdullah bin Ali bin Yusuf. While al-Qaradawi is a family name taken from the name of the area where they come from, namely al-Qardhah. He was born on 26 September 1926 in Safat Turab village in the Nile Delta, Egypt. He lost his father when he was two years old, thus was raised by his uncle. He started attending the kuttab (Koranic school) even before he began state school and by the age of nine, he can read and memorized the entire Qu‟ran thereby earning the title shaykh. At 14, al-Qaradawi already appointed as imam at his village‟s mosque on occasions such as Ramadhan and when he was 20, he started giving lessons in Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh). Al-Qaradawi joined the Institute of Religious Studies at Tanta and took nine years before graduated. He pursued his study at Al-Azhar University in Cairo studying Islamic Theology where he graduated in 1953. Later, he earned a diploma in Arabic Language and Literature at the Advanced Arabic Studies Institute in 1958. He enrolled in the graduate program in the Department of Qur'an and Sunnah Sciences of the Faculty of Religion's Fundamentals (Usul al-Din), and graduated with a Masters degree in Quranic Studies in 1960. In 1962, he was sent by Al-Azhar University to Qatar to head the Qatari Secondary Institute of Religious Studies. He completed his PhD thesis titled Zakah and its effect on solving social problems in 1973 with First Merit, and was awarded his PhD degree from Al Azhar. In 1977, he laid the foundation for the Faculty of Shari'ah and Islamic Studies in the University of Qatar and became the faculty's dean. In the same year he founded the Centre of Seerah and Sunna Research. He served at the Institute of Imams, Egypt under the Egyptian Ministry of Religious Endowment as supervisor before moving back to Doha as Dean of the Islamic Department at the Faculties of Shariah and Education in Qatar where he continued until 1999. His next appointment was in Algeria as Chairman of the Scientific Council of Islamic University and Higher Institutions betweens 1990 to 19991. He returned to Qatar again as Director of Seerah and Sunnah Center at Qatar, a post he occupies until now. Besides that, Al-Qaradawi is the head of the Europian Council for Fatwa and Research, an Islamic scholarly entitled based in Ireland. He also serves as the chairman of International Union for Muslim Scholars (IUMS). From his early life until now. Homosexuality. Ilham Yousef Al-Qaradawi received his doctorate in the field of nuclear physics from the UK and now internationally recognized as nuclear scientist. he delivered much speech and writings for Islam and against monarchy and was imprisoned more than three times in 1949 when his book „Tyrant and the scholar‟ was published. So in his early life. He is known as a poet and a political activist in Egypt while the youngest had completed his studies at the faculty of electrical engineering majors. terrorism. Al-Qaradawi has been tried to ease off the Shariah within the obligations in practical life. Meanwhile. He delivered many speeches in his interviews given in different media. a bank that the U. On 2 August 2010. Hadith and strong logic. Israel-Palestine and other basic Shariah rules and obligations such as Hijab. However. only one study at Darul Ulum Egypt and studying religion. Egypt. he freed his children to study any match of interests and talents and tendencies of each. Abdul Rahman study at Darul Ulum. religious rights. His second daughter earned a doctorate in chemistry also from the UK. taking general education and everything taken abroad. conflict between Israel-Lebanon. Of the seven children. The boys were the first to take degree in electrical engineering in the United States. the bank was removed from a list of entities and individuals associated with Al Qaeda maintained by the Security Council. al-Qaradawi showed his approval on modern education. the second. he did not distinguish education adopted by his daughters and sons. He has been struggling to depose misconceptions and misinterpretations about Islam and to provide exact and superior solutions on various issues through his writings and speeches. Judging from the diversity of children's education. As a scholar who is very open. alcohol. While the other. his oldest son has completed his education at the University of Texas USA. where he offers opinion and religious verdicts (Fatwa) and provide possible solutions based on Quran. a member bank of the Lugano-Switzerland Al-Taqwa group.S. He is popular for his „Al Jazeera‟ program named „Ash-Shariah wal hayat (Shariah and life) and for website “Islam online” that he helped to found in 1997. The reason . These problems cover suicide bombing.Al-Qaradawi is a principal shareholder and former Sharia adviser to Bank Al-Taqwa. four daughters and three sons. states finances terrorism and that the UN Security Council had listed as associated with Al Qaeda. he didn‟t give up in provide practical solution on current world problem which are in integral part of Muslim life. And incredibly. Three of his daughters hold doctorates from British Universities where one of his daughters. Qaradawi has seven children. The shaykh was a member of the Brotherhood for several decades. as Qaradawi is a scholar who rejects the dichotomous division of science. as shown by his public support for Hizb al-Wasat. Al-Qaradawi was one of the hundreds of thousands of young men inspired by alBanna's vision. has hindered the progress of Muslims. which he turned down Al-Qaradawi left Egypt for Qatar 1961 due to the cruel regime at that time. In Tahrir Square he led Friday prayers on 18 February. and although he claims to have left it. and in 2002 he was offered the position of its "general guide". In addition. he is seen as one of the Brotherhood's main ideologues. he acknowledges his debt towards it for the part it played in his intellectual development. depends on the people who see and use it. Furthermore. All science can be Islamic and un-Islamic. al-Banna had a generally good relationship with al-Azhar. according to Qaradawi. A dichotomous separation science.is. addressing an audience estimated to exceed two million Egyptians. formed by a handful of young Muslim Brothers in 1996 without the consent of the group's conservative leadership. al-Qaradawi does not shy away from meddling in the group's internal affairs. He returned to Egypt in 2011 in the wake of the 2011 Egyptian Revolution. In contrast with later Islamists. . and therefore his Azhari followers were not torn between two loyalties. Science and Community Development. instituted the "Sheikh Yusuf Al Qaradawi Scholarships" in 2009. part of the Qatar Foundation for Education. The Qaradawi Center for Islamic Moderation and Renewal. Yusuf Al Qaradawi is a trustee of the Oxford University Center for Islamic Studies and has been named as the technical consultant for a multi-million dollar English-language film about Prophet Muhammad produced by Barrie Osborne. awarding them to five students each year for post-graduate studies.ACHIEVEMENT Yusuf Al Qaradawi has received many awards by various countries and institutions regarding his contributions to Islamic society. There are some awards received by Yusuf Al Qaradawi: The Islamic Development Bank (IDB) Prize in Islamic Economics – 1991 King Faisal International Prize for Islamic Studies – 1994 Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah (Sultan of Brunei) Award for Islamic Jurisprudence – 1997 Sultan Al Owais Award for Cultural & Scientific Achievements – 1998–1999 Dubai International Holy Quran Award for Islamic Personality of the Year – 2000 The State Acknowledgement Award for contributions in the field of Islamic Studies from the Government of Qatar – 2008 Tokoh Ma'al Hijrah (Hijra of the Prophet) award by the Malaysian Government −2009 The Qatar Faculty of Islamic Studies. A 2008 Foreign Policy online poll put him at No.3 in the list of the Top 20 Public Intellectuals worldwide. . It also named after him its newly established research centre. there is no justification for using force to "open" countries for Islam. Abul Ala Maududi commented on it as "the book of this century in Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh)" The prominent Deobandi Islamic scholar Muhammad Taqi Usmani. said this about the work: The first book that read in its entirety of his works is his valuable book Fiqh al-Zakat.CONTRIBUTION Books Fiqh az Zakat Yusuf Al Qaradawi has authored more than 80 books and his academic style and objective thought are considered to be some of the main characteristics of his works. which corresponds with the obligation of alms giving (zakat). counts as well. encyclopedic." His book Fiqh al-Zakat is considered by some as the most comprehensive work in the area of zakat. . Indeed. Indeed this work manifested the genius of its author. and basing them upon the principles fiqh and its jurisprudential theory. and his inventive methodology. and I benefitted much from this great. The Guardian's writes: Instead Qaradawi encourages a "middle way" conception of jihad: "solidarity" with the Palestinians and others on the front line. when it comes to the application of zakat at the level of the individual and the group. His most famous work is The Lawful and Prohibited in Islam. rewarding work through which the author did a great service to the second of the pillars of Islam. but in stimulating research in contemporary topics that no one before him had touched upon. And Muslims should recognize that technological change means that media and information systems are as much a part of the jihadist repertoire as are guns. is an obligatory form of jihad. not only in the clarification of issues pertaining to zakat and their compilation. in a way that the ummah needs today. Financial jihad. Fiqh al Jihad His book Fiqh al-Jihad has been widely commented on. rather than violence. Professor Mustafa al-Zarqa declared that owning a copy of it was "the duty of every Muslim family. as long as Muslims are free to use media and other resources to press their case. the group's leading intellectual. which was absorbed by Al Qaeda). Its ideology is rooted in anti-Semitism.This book has also been analyzed by University of Michigan professor Sherman Jackson and Tunisian reformer Rachid Ghannouchi. Muslim Brotherhood Yusuf Al Qaradawi is a major figure in the Muslim Brotherhood. wrote an essay in 1950 titled "Our Struggle with the Jews." in which he argues that the Jews had always been enemies of Muslims and in modern times used secular Western culture to corrupt and ultimately destroy Islam. an Islamic movement founded in Egypt in 1928 that has spawned several contemporary terrorist groups (including Hamas and Egyptian Islamic Jihad. Said Qutb. 1987) Yusuf Al Qaradawi has also been the subject of the book The Global Mufti: The Phenomenon of Yusuf Al Qaradawi published by Columbia University Press. He is also profiled as one of the leading liberal voices in contemporary Islam in Charles Kurzman's book Liberal Islam: A Sourcebook. published by Oxford University Press. Since the 1980s – after several crackdowns in Egypt and Syria – the group has generally refrained from violence while remaining dedicated to enshrining Islamic teaching as civil law. Major works: Time in the life of the Muslim Priorities of the Islamic Movement in the Coming Phase Towards a Sound Awakening The Status of Women in Islam Islamic Awakening between Rejection and Extremism The Lawful and Prohibited in Islam Diversion and Arts in Islam (in progress) Islam: Modern Fatwas on Issues of Women and the Family (Fatawa Mu'asira fi Shu'un al-Mar'a wa al-Usrah) (Dar al-Shihab. Algeria. For example. . In early 2004. 2004. or Islamic law. In April 2004. The group describes itself as a "pan-Muslim body. The organization issues fatwas that guide European Muslims to follow Syariah. International Association of Muslim Scholars Yusuf Al Qaradawi is founder and president of the International Association of Muslim Scholars (IAMS). where he permitted such acts. the body of a Spanish officer." working on "safeguarding the Muslim identity and bridging the gap between the peoples and their rulers in the Islamic countries. the Council issued a fatwa supporting suicide bombing operations against coalition forces in Iraq as well as against Israelis. Qaradawi declined an offer to serve as the group's leader. in May 2004. which he founded in 1997 to establish a central religious authority for European Muslims. Two weeks after the fatwa was published. and is now based in Dublin. in London. The Council's deputy. stated on IslamOnline in June 2007 that Palestinians fight merely "to drive out the Zionist aggressors and to force them to return to the countries they came from. which was officially launched on July 11. European Council for Fatwa and Research Qaradawi is chairman and president of this Dublin-based group." During its annual conference in 2003. was disinterred and burned. Mawlawi published a fatwa on IslamOnline in response to the mutilation of the bodies of security contractors in Iraq. For example. outside of the Muslim world. His prominence in the movement was underscored when he and two other Brotherhood leaders met with Syrian President Bashar Assad in May 2004 in an effort to improve the group's relations with Assad's government. Faisal Mawlawi. who died during a raid on a terrorist cell associated with the March 11 Madrid bombing. Taskhiri said on Iranian TV: "We must support this [Palestinian] uprising as much as we can so it will realize its goals and cut off the treacherous Zionist hands and the American hands standing behind . a position he said had first been offered 28 years earlier. The Council does not acknowledge the state of Israel and rejects any compromise with the Jewish state." IAMS has issued several anti-Zionist fatwas. Qaradawi reportedly provided verbal support to a . Five annual scholarships will be offered to students per year for a Master of Arts in Islamic Studies with a specialization in Contemporary Fiqh (Jurisprudence). Qatar Foundation's Education City The Al-Qaradawi Centre for Research and Modern Thought. Following the tour of Darfur. the association's secretary general." Sheikh Qaradawi's affiliation with the university goes beyond being the namesake of its research center. Yusuf Al Qaradawi also shields the Qatar Foundation's other projects from controversy with support in religious terms. denied that genocide had taken place in the region.S.Zionism and supporting it. an Islamic university in Qatar's Education City. Yusuf al-Qaradawi. 2008. the Founding Dean of QFIS. is a "center for jurisprudence" under the aegis of Qatar Foundation's Faculty of Islamic Studies (QFIS). established in April 2009." In September 2004. said Qaradawi is "very well known for his moderate thinking and for his ability to face the challenges facing Muslims all over the world. Dr. Hatem El-Karanshawy. has devoted all his life. Mohamed Saleem al-Awa. and alleged that Muslims in the region were being victimized by a Zionist conspiracy. Qaradawi led an IAMS delegation to Sudan to fact-find and help mediate between the government and rebel forces in Darfur. the "mother of international terrorism. Dr. One of six research centers the QFIS planned to build on its campus. In an August 2009 interview with the Qatar Foundation shortly after the Al-Qaradawi Centre opened. Qaradawi reportedly participated in the commemoration ceremony for students on May 6. where he announced the Sheikh Al-Qaradawi Scholarship program. In October 2009. the Al-Qaradawi Centre's specific mission is to research "the challenges and complexities of the developments unfolding in contemporary societies and to propagate the message of the middle path as a tenet of Islam for which Qatar's most prominent Islamic scholar." according to the Qatar Foundation's publication." He has also called the U. Dr. He also insisted that reports of widespread rapes and other atrocities were false. The same week OnIslam launched in October 2010. after more than a decade. Several news stories were marked by conspiracy theories. deputy chairman of European Council for Fatwa and Research. The site. The site often featured comments and religious rulings by Qaradawi or his European Council on Fatwa and Research. Zionism was referred to as a "cancer." and numerous reports claimed that the close ties between the U. published in both Arabic and English. IslamOnline In 1999. called OnIslam. it appears that Qaradawi is engaged in the new initiative.S. Qaradawi founded the online media outlet IslamOnline in Qatar with support from the country's royal family. In several news stories. It contained articles and religious rulings which supported violence against non-Muslims. Although no explicit connection between Qaradawi and OnIslam has been reported. resulted in an end to Qaradawi's affiliation with the site. but it focused primarily on religious and political topics. OnIslam After Yusuf Al Qaradawi's cut his ties with the Web site IslamOnline. read: "Martyr operations are not suicide and should not be deemed as unjustifiable means of endangering one's life.stem cell storage bank that sought to operate within the Qatar Foundation's Science and Technology Park. anti-Israel and anti-American content." Many of the fatwas posted on the site condoned violence. a July 2007 fatwat by Sheikh Faysal Mawlawi. "Israel Uses Chemical Weapons against Palestinians. the site . including one entitled. the company that owns the site. The site was dedicated to all facets of Islamic life. as well as anti-Semitic." In March 2010. a reorganization by Al-Balagh Cultural Society. Qaradawi served as the site's chairman. heading a committee of scholars that oversaw its content. For instance. some of the editorial staff also left and created a new online media outlet. and Israel demonstrated their mutual desire to oppress Muslims. enabled Qaradawi to reach the American public despite being banned from the country in 1999. based in Falls Church. Islamic Society of Boston . the Muslim Brotherhood's political wing in Jordan. arguing against gay rights and providing Islamic fatwas that call for the "worldly punishment" of death for gays. and publishes anti-Semitic articles in its magazine. according to Qaradawi's Web site IslamOnline. The site is structured in much the same way as IslamOnline. 2011. sponsored anti-Israel rallies in the U. including Qaradawi's own fatwas expressing support for "martyrdom operations. Yusuf Al Qaradawi is chairman (in absentia) of the Michigan-based Islamic American University (IAU). On February 24. The American Muslims. Muslim American Society The Muslim American Society (MAS). with sections on various religious and political topics. Abdul Lateef Arabiyat. according to information on the MAS Web site. Virginia. The IAU vice-chairman. as well as anti-Semitic and anti-Israel content. claims to be "America's largest grassroots Muslim organization with over 50 chapters nationwide. and IAU's founder.S. Another IAU board member. a subsidiary of MAS. The site includes articles and religious rulings supporting violence against homosexuals." Much of the content from IslamOnline is available on OnIslam. are members of Qaradawi's International Association of Muslim Scholars and the European Council for Fatwa and Research." The organization has ties to the Muslim Brotherhood. Jamal Badawi. OnIslam launched a new section as part of its "special focus on the institution of the family" that is singularly dedicated condemning homosexuals. In 2006 Sultan was a keynote speaker at a Hamas rally in Istanbul. He is also listed by the IAU as a faculty member. Salah Sultan." or suicide bombing against Israel. is a leader of the Islamic Action Front.published an extensive interview it conducted with Qaradawi "on the occasion of the official launch. Both Badawi and Sultan attended a conference in July 2007 honoring Yusuf Al Qaradawi and his support for suicide bombing in Israel. Al Taqwa Bank This Bahamas-based financial institution. claiming victory because the deal also brought to an end a related lawsuit that threatened the construction of a mosque in Roxbury. the Egyptian government froze the assets of Yusuf Nada.journalists. scholars and activist groups who expressed concerns about the society's leaders. In January 2007. concealed terrorists' holdings. Nonetheless. according to U. He also served on the bank's Sharia Board. intelligence. the group has said that Qaradawi "has never played any role in the ISB. as stated by the society's Web site. a prominent Muslim-American community leader who pleaded guilty to accusations that he had illegal dealings with Libya and that he took part in a plot to assassinate Saudi Crown Prince Abdullah. Qaradawi was reportedly also featured on ISB's Arabic-language brochure endorsing a new building project for which the Society was raising money. including the Palestinian terrorist group Hamas. ." Qaradawi reportedly also appeared in a video that was shown at a November 2002 fundraiser for the ISB project in Boston. because of his involvement in the Muslim Brotherhood.S. In 2005 the ISB filed a defamation lawsuit against 17 defendants -. according to a 1999 shareholders list. ISB agreed to drop the lawsuit. Qaradawi was a member of the society's board of directors. Qaradawi was one of the institution's largest shareholders. including those of Al Qaeda. He is currently serving a 23-year prison term. Massachusetts. Department of Treasury in 2001. according to its tax returns from 1998-2000.S. The brochure. designated as terrorist financiers by the U. an Islamic extremist movement founded in Egypt that has spawned and inspired global terrorist groups. overseeing its adherence to Islamic law. states that Qaradawi is one of "several international Islamic personalities who are working to support the project. In May 2007.ISB was formed in 1981 in an effort to help new Muslims in the Boston area preserve their Islamic identity. which was published in 2003. the head of the Al Taqwa Bank." ISB's founder and first President was Abdurahman Alamoudi. S. Several of the primary charities under the UG umbrella are also designated as terrorist entities by the U.Union of Good Qaradawi serves as the president of the Union of Good (UG). a charity organization that was designated as a terrorist entity by the U. 1 million New Israeli Shekels had been transferred from the UG to Hamas in 2007. according to court documents.S. Department of Treasury. the United Kingdom-based International Palestine Relief and Development Fund (Interpal). Hamas leadership founded the UG shortly after the inception of the second Intifada with the purpose of facilitating the transfer of funds to Hamas. Another organization under the UG umbrella. Israel indicted four officials in the A-Ram Charity Committee in Jerusalem for receiving money from the UG. The UG is linked with various Hamas-affiliated organizations and has transferred tens of millions of dollars to Hamas directly.S. In 2002. during the first Intifada. 2008. According to the U. . Five years later. including Australian based Al-Aqsa Foundation. established in 2000 and based in Saudi Arabia. Department of Treasury on November 12. The UG. Israel outlawed the UG because of its links to Hamas. was designated in August 2007 after it was discovered that the now defunct charity employed members of Izzedine al-Qassam Brigades. is an umbrella organization that represents over 50 Islamic charities worldwide. Hamas uses the money to support terrorism and the families of suicide bombers. Hamas's military wing. the Al-Salah Society. and the France-based Comite de Bienfaisance et de Secours aux Palestiniens (CBSP). These officials were charged with channeling money to Hamas. for providing support to Hamas and other terrorist organizations. According to the indictment. have been regularly broadcast live on Qatar television. Yusuf Al Qaradawi spoke at the nowdefunct Muslim Arab Youth Association (MAYA) conference in Toledo. He was relatively quick to take advantage of the Internet. in 1999. "If everyone who defends his land and dies defending his sacred symbols is considered a terrorist. 2006. Al Jazeera. They met the death that every Muslim wishes for himself. The university aims to provide Islamic higher education. In addition. launching a site in his name in 1997. during an April 2004 show. The site includes several of his fatwas supporting terror.S." Despite the ban. which is martyrdom in the cause of God. where he stated. Ohio. For example. Yusuf Al Qaradawi is also listed by the IAU as a faculty member. according to the IAU Web site.S.ACTIVITIES OVER LAST DECADE Yusuf Al Qaradawi has established a worldwide following through television appearances and by utilizing the Internet.. according to the MAS Web site. missiles and weapons that Zionists have. where he also expresses his support for terror. In 2006. Prior to being banned from the U. then Allah make me live as a terrorist. Yusuf Al Qaradawi 's message still reaches the American public via satellite television and the Internet. "Their fate was paradise. a subsidiary of the Muslim American Society (MAS). and be raised up with the terrorists. in particular IslamOnline. For example. a government-sponsored mosque in Doha. Qaradawi reportedly spoke to several Muslim organizations around the country. then I wish to be at the forefront of the terrorists. die as a terrorist." Yusuf Al Qaradawi is also influential through a wide network of affiliations." instead of the planes. Qaradawi asserted. In a 2005 sermon. his Friday sermons at the Umar bin al-Khattab mosque. especially to converts and non-practicing Muslims. In the U. a Web site published in both Arabic and . he credited Allah with providing Palestinians "human bombs. Yusuf Al Qaradawi used his Web site to denounce a Danish newspaper's cartoon of the Prophet Muhammad and declared February 3. while speaking about notable Hamas leaders killed by Israel. They died martyrs. an "international day of rage. he is the chairman (in abstenia) of the Michigan-based Islamic American University (IAU). in 1995. And I pray to Allah if that is terrorism." Yusuf Al Qaradawi hosts a weekly television show called "Syariah and Life" on the Arabiclanguage television news network. the Ummah's boundaries will be violated." he writes. in general. Yusuf Al Qaradawi provides a warning that Muslims should not befriend "Jews. published in 2009. "Without jihad. as well as anti-Semitic. its sanctuaries will be less worthy than a handful of desert sand. and Israelis. "would remove such a psychological barrier that keeps us away from them.English. anti-Israel and anti-American content. Recent Selected Books Yusuf Al Qaradawi has also written over 40 books." He encapsulates his view of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict with anti-Semitic rhetoric. The site contains articles and religious rulings which support violence against nonMuslims." A significant portion of the work is dedicated to legitimizing suicide bombing. In another of his books. including violent jihad. attesting that the "Zionist massacres of today" are a continuation of alleged Jewish calls to genocide in the Old Testament." which Yusuf Al Qaradawi casts as a "defensive jihad against oppression. published in 2003. or "martyrdom operations. "Receiving enemies in our own countries and visiting them in the occupied lands. and would bridge the gap that keeps the desire for Jihad against them kindled in the hearts of the Ummah. In Qaradawi's Fiqh of Jihad." . Yusuf Al Qaradawi writes. many of which have been published in different languages and disseminated throughout the world. Fatawa' Min Ajl Falastin [Fatwas for the Sake of Palestine]." In the introduction to the book. the blood of its people will be as cheap as dust. he chastises those Muslims who do not observe the obligatory duty of jihad. and attempt to "cast a veil of oblivion on jihad and drop it from the life of the Ummah [the Muslim community]. in particular" due to the current Palestinian-Israeli conflict. and it will be insignificant in the eyes of its enemies. 2012.org. 2012.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=190:biogr aphy-shaykh-al-qaradawi&catid=51:the-world-of-islam&Itemid=75> [Accessed 13 October 2012] Ibrahim MA.Shaykh Al-Qaradawi. Dr.com/dr-yusuf-alqaradawi/> [Accessed 13 October 2012] Muslim Judicial Council.wikipedia. Yusuf Al-Qaradawi. 2009. [online] Available at:< http://www. Soage.com/2012/09/biography-dr-yusuf-al-qaradawi.org/wiki/Yusuf_al-Qaradawi> [Accessed 9 October 2012] Ana B.blogspot.The most influential Muslim pundit in the modern world.il/journal/2008/issue1/jv12no1a5.za/index. SHAYKH YUSUF AL-QARADAWI: PORTRAIT OF A LEADING ISLAMIST CLERIC.youthwavebd. Biography .asp> [Accessed 9 October 2012] Youthwavebd.mjc. 2008. 2012.ac.idc. [online] Available at: <http://en. [online] Available at: <http://meria. [online] Available at: <http://www. Biography Dr. [online] Available at: <http://myarticle-article.REFERENCE Wikipedia. Yusuf al-Qaradawi.html> [Accessed 14 October 2012] . Yusuf al-Qaradawi.