VOSKHODVostok Voskhod . or escape tower.S. . ejection seats. conducted scientific physico-technical and medico-biological research.The U. One concession was backup solid retrorocket package mounted on nose of spacecraft. Konstantin Feoktistov. physician. Vladimir Komarov. and Boris Yegorov. scientist. Potentially dangerous modification of Vostok to upstage American Gemini flights. no spacesuits. The mission featured television pictures of the crew from space. pilot.S. investigated the in-flight work potential and co-operation of a group of cosmonauts consisting of specialists in different branches of science and technology. the first to carry a scientist and a physician into space. The crew were Col. Tested the new multi-seat space ship. launched the world's first multi-manned spacecraft.R. Voskhod I. In the United States." It was.Coming before the two-man Gemini flights. which was never flown . "a clear indication that the Russians are continuing a large space program for the achievement of national power and prestige. commenting on the spectacular. called it a "significant space accomplishment. the "space race" was again running under the green flag. NASA Administrator James E. Voskhod 1 had a significant worldwide impact. he said. Webb." Photo of actual Voskhod 3 Spacecraft. Voskhod 1 being mated to its R-7 (A-1) booster rocket. never flown . Voskhod 3. Voskhod 1 Interior . The service module failed to separate completely. On re-entry the primary retrorockets failed. with a two man crew of Colonel Pavel Belyayev and Lt. was eventually achieved by Soyuz 9 in 1970. surrounded by wolves. with the original name 'Advance'.which did not exist on Vostok). before being located. leading to wild gyrations of the joined reentry sphere . preceding the Apollo 204 disaster by many years). a two-week stay in orbit. During Voskhod 2's second orbit. A Voskhod spacecraft re-fitted to carry two dogs took them on a flight which carried them into the lower layers of the van Allen radiation belts which surround the Earth." After 10 min of extravehicular activity.First spacewalk. the picture is drawn cartoon style but the antennae are drawn almost correctly and one porthole is in the right place! Leonov 'swims' serenely in space while Pavel Belyaev looks as though he is driving a motor car. Although trumpeted to the world as a triumph (with suspect TV pictures and film of the spacewalk which did not match). but they were cancelled in order that work could be concentrated on developing and building Soyuz. The environmental control system compensated by flooding the cabin with oxygen. creating a serious fire hazard in a craft only qualified for sea level nitrogen-oxygen gas mixes (Cosmonaut Bondarenko had burned to death in a ground accident in such circumstances. He had to bleed air from the suit in order to get into the airlock. this was the swan song of the Soviet space program and for Korolev. Only some days later could the capsule itself be removed. Leonov stepped from the vehicle and performed mankind's first "walk in space. Recovery crew had to chop down trees to clear a landing zone for helicopter recovery of the crew. Vostok 2 finally landed near Perm in the Ural mountains in heavy forest at 59:34 N 55:28 E on March 19. 1965 9:02 GMT. Belyaev (on the left) and Leonov are depicted in photographs. This mission was the original raison d'etre of the Voskhod series. The crew spent the night in the woods. It almost ended in disaster when Leonov was unable to reenter the airlock due to stiffness of the inflated spacesuit.service module before connecting wires burned through. On 1965's one rouble sheet. After Leonov finally managed to get back into the spacecraft cabin. the primary hatch would not seal completely. Colonel Aleksey Leonov. This was the Cosmos 110 mission of 1966. Further Voskhod missions were planned for 1966 and beyond. Another Voskhod objective. he returned safely to the spacecraft through an inflatable airlock. who had to ski to the clearing from the spacecraft. A manually controlled retrofire was accomplished one orbit later (perhaps with the backup solid rocket retropack on the nose of spacecraft . . The inset 50 kopeck stamp shows the cosmonaut in his spacesuit as he would have been viewed by the camera which can be seen mounted on the rim of the open airlock. It shows the spherical heat-shielded cabin and the inflatable airlock which he used to exit from and re-enter the cabin.a substitute for photographs which were not taken because of the difficulties Leonov had with his spacesuit.The 1980 version is based on a painting by Leonov . .