Cleveland Volcano in the Aleutian Islands of Alaskaphotographed from the International Space Station, May 2006Cross-section through a stratovolcano (vertical scale is exaggerated): 1. Large magma chamber 9. Layers of lava emitted by the volcano 2. Bedrock 10. Throat 3. Conduit (pipe) 11. Parasitic cone 4. Base 12. Lava flow 5. Sill 13. Vent 6. Dike 14. Crater 7. Layers of ash emitted by the volcano 15. Ash cloud 8. Flank Indonesia . in Lombok. 3 days before the climactic eruption of 15 June 1991 Map showing the divergent plate boundaries (OSR – Oceanic Spreading Ridges) and recent sub aerial volcanoes.Pinatubo ash plume reaching a height of 19 km. Mount Rinjani eruption in 1994. Lava enters the Pacific at the Big Island of Hawaii Conical Mount Fuji in Japan. Skjaldbreiður. a shield volcano whose name means "broad shield" . source of the major world climate alteration of 1783–84. at sunrise from Lake Kawaguchi (2005) Lakagigar fissure vent in Iceland. January 2009 image of the rhyolitic lava dome of Chaitén Volcano. Utah . near-perfect stratovolcano in thePhilippines Mud volcano on Taman Peninsula. Russia Holocene cinder cone volcano on State Highway 18 near Veyo. southern Chileduring its 2008–2009 eruption Mayon. The Lake Toba volcano created a caldera 100 km long Herðubreið.Hawaii . one of the tuyas in Iceland Pāhoehoe lava from Kīlauea. The Stromboli volcano off the coast ofSicily has erupted continuously for thousands of years. Active volcano Mount St. giving rise to the termstrombolian eruption. The picture shows overflows of a main lava channel. east ofMumbai.Pāhoehoe Lava flow on Hawaii. Helens shortly after the eruption of 18 May 1980 . one of the largest volcanic features on Earth. Mafic basalt lava flows created theDeccan Traps near Matheran. the highest volcano in Asia. after being thought extinct for over 10.Damavand. Alaska. Volcanic "injection" . Fourpeaked volcano. Koryaksky volcano towering overPetropavlovsk-Kamchatsky on Kamchatka Peninsula. is a potentially active volcano with fumarolesand solfatara near its summit.000 years. Far Eastern Russia. Mount Teide on the island of Tenerife(Spain). in September 2007. 2005 Rainbow and volcanic ash with sulfur dioxide emissions from Halema`uma`u vent. Average concentration of sulfur dioxide over the Sierra Negra Volcano (Galapagos Islands) from October 23 – November 1.Solar radiation reduction from volcanic eruptions Sulfur dioxide emissions by volcanoes. . "Mount Olympus") is the tallest knownmountain in our solar system. Olympus Mons (Latin.The Tvashtar volcano erupts a plume 330 km (205 mi) above the surface of Jupiter's moon Io. located on the planet Mars. . Indonesia. Costa Rica. East Java. Irazú Volcano. Indonesia. Philippines. West Java. Crater of Mount Tangkuban Perahu.Mount Bromo. Utah. Taal Volcano. . Black Rock Volcano an extinct cinder cone near Fillmore. Crater of Sierra Negra volcano. Philippines. Remote Binubulauan in Kalinga province. central northern Luzon. Ecuador. April 2009 . Isabela island. Vulcano island with the north coast of Sicily in the background. Galapagos.