TREATMENT OFWASTEWATER BY PHYTOREMEDIATION TECHNOLOGY WAN NAJWA HANIM BINTI WAN AHMAD PA11026 pesticides. crude oil and its derivatives. and various other contaminants from the mediums that contain them. • Role of the plants= To contain. • Phytoremediation = removing contaminants in soils. . or remediating. water or air with plants. solvents. • Phytoremediation is one of suitable treatment for wastewater as it uses the high efficiently nutrient absorbing plants for reducing the chemical contents from the sewage and playing as a layer or media for microbial growth. explosives. degrade or eliminate metals.PHYTOREMEDIATION (DEFINE) • Phyto =plant • Remedium = restoring balance. CATEGORY • Phytoremediation for Organic Contaminant • Phytodegradation -metabolic processes within the plant -degraded and incorporated into the plant tissues -enzymes in plants catalyse and accelerate chemical reactions . alcohols. . -natural substances released by the plant roots (sugars.Cont… • Rhizodegradation -also called phyto-stimulation -microbial activity in the rhizosphere -microorganisms (yeast. or bacteria) consume organic substances. and acids) also provides food for soil microorganisms to enhance their activity. fungi. . • Phytovolatilisation -uptakes and transpires organic contaminant by utilization a plant. -release the modified form of the contaminant from the plant to the atmosphere. -contaminants can pass through the plants to the leaves and evaporate/volatilise into the atmosphere .Cont. -occurs as growing trees and other plants take up water and the organic contaminants. -have been allowed to grow for some time -if incineration takes part. the ash must be disposed of in a hazardous waste landfill .• Phytoremediation for Metal Contaminant • Phytoextraction -also known as phytoaccumulation -uptake of metals from soil by plant roots. -Contaminated water is either collected from a waste site or brought to the plants or the plants are planted in the contaminated area. but the plants are used to clean up contaminated groundwater rather than soil. . they are harvested. where the roots then take up the water and the contaminants dissolved in it.• Rhizofiltration -adsorption or precipitation of contaminants onto plant roots (or absorption into the roots) -rhizofiltration is similar to phytoextraction. -As the roots become saturated with contaminants. and also reduces bioavailability for entry into the food chain. . or precipitation within the root zone of plants (rhizosphere). adsorption onto roots. -This process reduces the mobility of the contaminant and prevents migration to the groundwater or air.• Phytostabilisation -This process uses certain plant species to immobilise contaminants in the soil and groundwater through absorption and accumulation by roots. .ADVANTAGES • It is low cost • It is passive and solar. • Energy can be recovered from the controlled combustion of the harvested biomass. • The amount of contaminated material going to landfills can be greatly reduced. • For mixed contaminant sites (i..DISADVANTAGES • It usually requires nutrient addition.e. • High metal and other contaminant concentrations can be toxic to the plants. • Access to the site must be controlled. • The contaminants being treated by phytoremediation may be transferred across media (i. they may enter groundwater or may bioaccumulate in animals)..e. . organic and inorganic) more than one phytoremediation methodology may be required.
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