Tinosorb's Brochure

Ciba Specialty ChemicalsCiba® TINOSORB® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV absorber Personal Care Value beyond chemistry Ciba® TINOSORB® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV absorber Photostable Compatible with other UV filters Synergy with UV-B filters Stabilizes other UV filters Oil soluble 2 Ciba® Tinosorb® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber the ideal couple Combinations with UV-B filters Photo-stabilizing effect on BMBM 14 15 16 17 17 Safety 18 Environment 19 Product registration 20 Patents 20 References 21 Recommendations for use 22 Formulary 23 Ciba® Tinosorb® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber 3 . Specifications Absorption spectrum.Contents Why photoprotection? 6 Effect of UV radiation on humans 6 Photostable broad-spectrum UV absorbers 8 Photostable UV absorption 9 Product data 10 Chemical data. Structure of TINOSORB® S Solubility 10 11 12 Performance efficacy 14 UV-A protection In vivo UV-A assessment In vitro TINOSORB® M and TINOSORB® S. Ciba® TINOSORB® S great daytime protection 4 Ciba® Tinosorb® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber . TINOSORB® S is a highly efficient broad-spectrum filter. The extraordinary photostability of HydroxyPhenylTriazine (HPT) chemistry is due to the dissipation of harmful UV radiation into harmless heat. meets the high safety requirements and is oil soluble for high water resistance. It provides excellent UV-A protection to serve as a basis for UV protective day creams and shows synergistic effects with UV-B filters for high-SPF sunscreens. it is compatible with organic and inorganic filters. TINOSORB® S was specifically designed to meet the needs of the cosmetic industry. Besides the excellent performance as a photostable broad-spectrum UV filter. Ciba® Tinosorb® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber 5 .Ciba® TINOSORB® S TINOSORB® S introduces a new chemistry to the market of cosmetic UV absorbers. the biological effects induced by UVR may change with the wavelength. Hence. the spectrum of ultraviolet light with a wavelength between 100 nm and 400 nm has been divided into three different ranges: UV-C. Long-wave UVR will penetrate deeper into the skin. Effects of UV radiation on humans Solar radiation in the range of infrared is perceived as heat.Why photoprotection? It is now generally accepted that a sunscreen should provide broad-spectrum UV-B and UV-A protection. and in the ultraviolet as the result of photobiological reactions. The fact that radiation energy increases with a decrease in wavelength. In consequence. and based on empirical observation. UV-B and UV-A. and that longer wavelengths are less scattered by an object also holds true for UV radiation (UVR). Short wave UVR is more likely to induce photochemical reactions. TINOSORB S ® great daytime protection 6 Ciba® Tinosorb® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber . in the visible as color. or lead to altered genetic information and to aberrant cell behavior. Such reactions may ultimately stimulate melanine production and tanning. it became obvious that to reduce the risk of sun exposurerelated cancers the skin must be protected not only from UV-B but from the whole UV-A/ UV-B range[4. and skin cancers such as melanoma. a new concept has evolved: an efficient sunscreen should not only prevent sunburn. In turn. It affects especially the epidermal layer of the skin. UV-A (wavelengths between 320 – 400 nm). Sun protective agents have been on the market for more than 70 years. UV related health hazards can be minimized by proper protection and shielding. This holds especially true in the context of exposure to natural sunlight where UV-A contributes to about 95% and UV-B only to 5% of the radiation. where it causes erythema (sunburn). e. In consequence. The chance of developing permanent damage increases with the dose of sunlight accumulated over a life time. UV-C has no direct physiological impact since it is absorbed by the ozone layer. It stimulates tanning and pigmentation and relates to skin aging. UV-B radiation stimulates the production of Vitamin D. UV-A may act in an indirect way by creating free radicals and reactive oxygen species[1]. Frequent and intense exposure to UV-B induces lesions on the DNA and modulates the immune response of the skin. With the growing awareness of UV-A damage accumulating the risks for the development of melanoma and other tumors. The risk of detrimental UV induced effects depends upon the accumulated dose and not only on the UV wavelength. but also minimize the accumulation of all radiation induced damage in the skin that increase the risk of fatal alterations[6-8]. Ciba® Tinosorb® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber 7 . UV-A radiation penetrates down to the dermal layers of the skin. They were first developed to protect the skin against sunburn. UV protection means conversion of the radiation energy of sunlight into a harmless form.Penetration of UV radiation into the skin Wavelength (nm) 200 Spectrum of the sun 290 320 UV-C UV-B 400 UV-A 800 Visible light Infrared Stratosphere Biosphere Skin Stratum Corneum Epidermis Dermis Hypodermis UV-C (wavelengths between 100 – 290 nm).5]. UV-B (wavelengths between 290 – 320 nm). i. Conventional sun protection factors (SPF) still relate to the protection from UV induced erythema[3]. to shield the skin preferentially from UV-B and to permit tanning by UV-A. Irradiation with UV-C sources has confirmed the wavelength-dependence of UV damage. UV-B enhances the risk of fatal mutations eventually leading to skin cancer and reduces the chance that a malignantly transformed cell is recognized and destroyed[2]. Benzotriazoles and HydroxyPhenylTriazines (HPT). the light energy absorbed by UV filters (if not scattered or reflected) should be transformed into harmless thermal energy. the UV absorbance of which might be diminished or even lost. the latest technology is now also being used in the cosmetic industry. and the toxicological properties may be altered. requirement for photostability of the UV absorbers is measured in years rather than hours like in sunscreens. In industries such as plastics and coatings. chemical bonds may be rearranged leading to new molecules. fluorescence and phosphorescence. With the introduction of TINOSORB® S. though not dangerous. The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber Year .Photostable broad-spectrum UV absorbers Requirements for sunscreens With the knowledge about the damaging effect of UV radiation the requirements for sunscreens and their actives. Cosmetic UV filters with extremely high photostability Benzophenone-3 Examples TINOSORB® M TINOSORB® S OR O OH HO R N OH N OCH3 N N N OH N R’ R‘O OR‘ Hydroxyphenyl-Triazines Benzotriazoles Benzophenones 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 Ciba Specialty Chemicals: a tradition of photoprotection Ciba Specialty Chemicals has a tradition of developing and manufacturing photostable UV absorbers for material protection. the UV absorbers have changed. are not desirable. Radicals may react to form reactive oxygen species leading to biological damage. Modern sunscreens should be: – protecting against UVA and UVB-radiation – providing a high Sun Protection Factor (SPF) – photostable – water resistant – cosmetically elegant – non-toxic Requirements for cosmetic UV absorbers UV absorbers for cosmetics should be chemically and photochemically inert. Moreover. If they are not. Therefore. In materials protection 3 classes 8 Ciba® Tinosorb® S of UV-A/B absorber proved to meet these extreme requirement: Benzophenones. The most important energy dissipation mode is internal conversion followed by vibronic relaxation. isomerization takes place. During this short time span no other chemical reactions can be triggered. The latter is the case for TINOSORB® S. UVR is absorbed and leads to the excited state S1. isomerization back to the original ground state S0 takes place. There are different ways to dissipate this energy. in the order of 10–12 seconds.Photo-stable UV absorption Mechanism of dissipation of UV-energy into heat Energy dissipation cycle Energy Isomerization Absorption S1 Vibronic relaxation Isomerization S0 Ground state S0 N-H… O N… H-O Intramolecular H-transfer Structure of TINOSORB® S OCH3 O H N N H Absorption of UV light promotes organic molecules from the electronic ground singlet state S0 into an excited electronic state (S1 or higher). After the energy is dissipated vibronically. O N O O Photo-Tautomerism Duration 10-12 sec No Radical Formation Ciba® Tinosorb® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber 9 . Within a very short time. The structural elements involved are indicated in the lower figure. vibrational energy can be dissipated into heat via collisions with the surrounding medium. The probability for internal conversion is strongly enhanced when the molecule in its excited electronic state can switch between isomeric structures such as by cis/trans-isomerization or by intramolecular H-transfer[9]. In contrast to the energy of excited electrons. This isomerization is also referred to as photo-tautomerism. The electronic excitation of the UV absorber can be transferred into vibrations via an intramolecular process called internal conversion. Chemical data Chemical Name 2.0% Absorbance E (1%.Product data The TINOSORB® S represents the latest chemistry with the highest performance and photostability. especially designed for the need of the cosmetic industry. 1cm) Use/concentration 10 Ciba® Tinosorb® S Light yellow powder ≥ 790 (in iso-propanol) Sunscreen products/max.5)-triazine INCI name Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine (BEMT) COLIPA no. S 81 CAS no.4-Bis-{[4-(2-ethyl-hexyloxy)-2-hydroxy]-phenyl}-6(4-methoxyphenyl)-(1. 10% The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber .80 g/mol 80° C Oil soluble (page 12/13) Stable over 50 MED (Minimal Erythemal Dose) according to the method of Berset et al[10.11] Specifications Appearance Odor Trace characteristic odor Assay ≥ 97. Molecular formula Molecular mass Melting point Solubility Photostability 103597-45-1 C38H49N3O5 627.3. The asymmetry is responsible for two absorption peaks. 1cm) UV spectrum of TINOSORB® S recorded using a Perkin Elmer Lambda 16 Spectrometer. The broad-spectrum is due to the special design of the TINOSORB® S molecule. one in the UV-B and one in the UV-A range. which results in the broad-spectrum characteristics. TINOSORB® S: Molecular design UV-B OCH3 OH N N HO N O For good Oil Solubility Ciba® Tinosorb® S UV-A O For good Oil Solubility The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber 11 . by the two Ethylhexyl-substituents[12]. TINOSORB® S 600 TINOSORB® M 300 0 280 320 300 380 360 340 Wavelenghth/nm 400 Extinction of 1% active ingredient at an optical path length of 1cm Structural formula Molecular design for UV-B and UV-A absorption and good oil solubility The whole TINOSORB® S molecule is fully conjugated across the triazine center. This molecule has also been designed for optimal solubility in cosmetic oils.Absorption spectrum UV-spectrum of TINOSORB® S 900 E (1%. 6-Naphthalate (Hallbrite TQ) 14% Butyloctyl Salicylate (Hallbrite BHB) 11% Coco-Caprylate/Caprate (Cetiol LC) 5% Hexyl Laurate (Cetiol A) 6% Isopropyl Myristate (Tegosoft M) 6% Propylene Glycol Dicaprylate/Dicaprate (Crodamol PC) 7% Isopropyl Palmitate (Tegosoft P) 5% The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber .Solubility Solubility of TINOSORB® S in cosmetic solvents/ingredients (at T = 25°C) UV-Absorbers Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamte (TINOSORB® OMC) 17% Isoamyl p-Methoxycinnamate (Neo Heliopan E 1000) 23% Ethylhexyl Dimethyl PABA (Escalol 507) 20% Ethylhexyl Salicylate (Eusolex OS) 20% Octocrylene (Eusolex OCR) 3% Pyrrolidones Caprylyl Pyrrolidone (Surfadone LP100) 20% Lauryl Pyrrolidone (Surfadone LP300) 21% Ethers Methylene Dimethylether (Methylal) 40% Isosorbide Dimethylether (Arlasolve DMI) 6% Dicaprylyl Ether (Cetiol OE) 2% Carboxylic acid esters 12 Ciba® Tinosorb® S Isodecyl Salicylate (Dermol IDSA) 18% Diethylhexyl 2. Dimethicone Ciba® Tinosorb® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber 13 . Polydecenes Alkoxylated Alcohols. Isohexadecane. Glycerol Siloxanes and Silanes such as Cyclomethicone. Polyols such Propylene Glycol.Dicarboxylic acid esters Diethylhexyl Succinate (Crodamol OSU) 7% Diethylhexyl Adipate (Crodamol DOA) 9% Dicaprylyl Carbonate (Cetiol CC) 9% Diisopropyl Sebacate (DUB DIS) 7% Dicaprylyl Maleate (Bernel Ester DCM) 7% Benzoic acid esters C12–C15 Alkyl Benzoate (Tegosoft TN) 13% PPG–15 Stearyl Ether Benzoate (Finsolv P) 13% Isostearyl Benzoate (Finsolv SB) 8% Octyl Dodecyl Benzoate (Finsolv BOD) 6% Triacylglycerides Caprylic/Capric Triglycerides (Miglyol 812N) 5% Cocoglyceride (Myritol 331) 5% Vegetal Oil Sesame Oil 3% Avocado Oil 3% Jojoba Oil 2% Solubility <1% Hydrocarbons such as Mineral oil. 7 which is in good agreement with the value of 4. UV-A protection factor (PFA) 20 TINOSORB® S plus 5% EthylHexylMethoxyCinnamate PFA category (Japan) PFA (PPD method) 16 12 PA +++ 8 PA ++ 4 PA + 2 1 Placebo 0% 14 Ciba® Tinosorb® S 1% 2% 4% JapaneseStandard % TINOSORB® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber Formulations with varying concentration of TINOSORB® S between 1% and 4% were investigated in the presence and absence of a constant level of 5% EthylHexylMethoxyCinnamate. Each formulation was tested on 10 panelists. The results were expressed as UVA-protection factors.14].5 ± 0. The value of the PFA obtained for the Japanese UV-A standard was 4. Two hours after irradiation the minimal pigmenting dose of protected (MPDp) and unprotected (MPDu) skin is evaluated. . Irradiation of volunteers is performed with a UV-A light source (320 to 400 nm).3 published by the JCIA[15]. As a reference the Japanese UV-A standard[15] was measured.Performance efficacy 2% TINOSORB® S alone is sufficient to fulfill the requirements of the Australian UV-A standard UV-A protection in vivo Persistant Pigment Darkening (PPD) UV-A protection factors (PFA) of the sunscreen formulations investigated were measured using the persistent pigment darkening method[13. within which 90% of the area under the extinction curve of the whole UV-range between 290 nm and 400 nm is covered. It is calculated as the ratio between the areas under the UV-A and UV-B parts of the extinction curve. Relative UV-A parameters The critical wavelength is given as the upper limit of the spectral range from 290 nm on. UV-A/UV-B ratio The UV-A/UV-B ratio defines the performance of a sunscreen in the UV-A range (320 – 400 nm) in relation to its performance in the UV-B range (290 – 320 nm). Ciba® Tinosorb® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber 15 . the better its UVA-performance in relation to its UVB-performance [18].73. UV-A protection is recognized when a sunscreen preparation transmits between a wavelength of 320 nm and 360 nm (at a pathlength of 8 µm) less than 10% of the incoming light[16]. The higher the the crit. [18] Critical wavelenght and UV-A/UV-B-ratio according to Diffey 900 E (1%.0% of this broad-spectrum filter are required in the formulation[17]. In a comparative test with other oil soluble filters it was shown that TINOSORB® S exhibits the highest efficacy to satisfy the Australian Standard: only 2. wavelength of a sunscreen.1 between 320 and 360 nm). The UV-A/UV-B ratio of TINOSORB® S alone amounts to 0. 1cm) Critical wavelenght 600 UV-B area UV-A area 90% of total area under the curve between 290 and 400 nm 300 0 290 310 330 350 Wavelength (nm) λc 370 390 The critical wavelength λc for TINOSORB® S alone comes to 370 nm. Transmission spectrum % 100 80 60 40 20 Australian Standard 0 290 310 330 350 Wavelength (nm) 370 390 400 The green bar indicates the threshold value of the Australian standard (Transmission < 0. both areas are normalized to the range of wavelengths involved[18].UV-A assessment in vitro Australian UV-A standard In Australia. 1 curve) 373 nm 0. we thus expect synergy in UVB (SPF) as well as UVA protection.0 Soluble Oil Higher absorbance (E1. SPF measurement of combinations of TINOSORB® M and TINOSORB® S The SPF-synergy between TINOSORB® M and TINOSORB® S was studied by in vitro measurement using PolyMethylMetacrylate (PMMA) plates (1.1 Synergistic effect C-A: 16 Ciba® Tinosorb® S TINOSORB® M active 0% 2.1 curve) 388 nm 1. the ideal couple TINOSORB® M.2 mg/cm2). TINOSORB® S 0% TINOSORB® S 2% TINOSORB® S 5% Example SPF of 5% TINOSORB® M active 7. SPF of TINOSORB® M active and TINOSORB® S alone Characteristics of TINOSORB® M and S 13 TINOSORB® M active SPF in vitro 10 TINOSORB® S 7 Physical state Emulsion phase Broad-spectrum Performance Critical wavelength UV-A UV-B ratio TINOSORB® M TINOSORB® S Particles Water Covers long UVA (E1. INCI-name: Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol (MBBT) is an organic broad-spectrum filter that consists of microfine particles that are dispersed (50% active) in an aqueous phase[19].8 The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber 1 5 10 15 20 SPF in vitro 25 30 35 .5% 6. alone.9 Sum of SPF’s TINOSORB® M/S alone (A) 16. which is dissolved in the oil phase.5% 5. A strong synergistic effect on the SPF was found and also confirmed with in vivo experiments. TINOSORB® M and S can be used in day creams or sunscreens to complement each other.4 SPF of 5% TINOSORB® S 8.3 SPF of TINOSORB® M+S combined (C) 23. If TINOSORB® M is used together with TINOSORB S.TINOSORB® M and TINOSORB® S.73 4 1 0 2 4 6 % broad-spectrum UV filter 8 Synergy between TINOSORB® M and TINOSORB® S Synergy between UV absorbers TINOSORB® S and TINOSORB® M synergistic effect Synergy is present when the SPF of a particular combination of UV filters is higher than the sum of the SPF of the same filters at the same quantities.0% 7. the UV-B absorbers and all combination pairs were calculated using a calibrated step film model[20]. TINOSORB® M has a less pronounced stabilization effect.5% -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 A standard O/W formula built with an anionic emulsifier system (Crodafos CES and Stearic acid) was used to determine the stabilizing effect of TINOSORB® M and TINOSORB® S on 1 and 2% BMBM after an irradiation with 10 MED. The stabilizing effect is expressed as the drop in the UV-A/UV-B ratio. The simple use of TINOSORB® S at 3% is sufficient to limit efficiently the photo-degradation of BMBM. Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnnamate and Phenylbenzimidazol Sulfonic Acid. -70 Ciba® Tinosorb® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber 17 . Diethylhexyl Butamido Triazone 4-Methylbenzylidene Camphor Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate Phenylbenzimidazol Sulfonic Acid 1 5 10 15 [20] SPF calculated 20 Photo-stabilizing effect on ButylMethoxyDibenzoylMethane (BMBM) Photo-stabilizing effect on BMBM Stabilizing agent Drop of UV-A/UV-B ratio 0 Without stabilization TINOSORB® S 3% TINOSORB® M 7. TINOSORB® S shows a very strong synergy with the two most efficient UV-B filters Ethylhexyl Triazone and Diethylhexyl Butamido Triazone. The calculations are in good agreement with in vivo data.Combinations with UV-B filters The SPF values of TINOSORB® S. 4-Methylbenzylidene Camphor. which is a clear indicator of the performance of a UV-A absorber. The stabilizing effect of TINOSORB® S has also been described elsewhere[21]. and a slight synergy in combination with the frequently used UV-B filters. Synergy of TINOSORB® S (3%) with UV-B absorbers (4%) Sum of SPF‘s of filters alone SPF‘s of filters combined TINOSORB® S alone Ethylhexyl Triazone UV-B absorber Synergy of 3% TINOSORB® S combined with 4% of a UV-B filter. approved methods. 18 Ciba® Tinosorb® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber .coli) Photo-Chromosome Aberration (V79 cells) Not mutagenic Not clastogenic Nut mutagenic Not clastogenic Conclusion for Mutagenicity Negative Clinical test Human phototoxicity (Sunscreen formulation) Human photoallergy (Sunscreen formulation) Not phototoxic Not photoallergic All tests have been performed according to standardized. Toxicological test Result /Conclusion Acute oral toxicity. E. E. TINOSORB® S toxicology data have been reviewed by the European Commission Scientific Committee on Cosmetic Products and Non-Food Products Intended For Consumers (SCCNFP) and found to support an approved safe use level of up to 10% TINOSORB® S as a UV filter in leave-on and rinse-off cosmetics.typhimurium.Safety Overview The testing program was conducted with the active ingredient and according to OECD/EC test guidelines when available and were GLP-compliant. The toxicological test results indicate no adverse effects for human use.rat Acute dermal toxicity.rabbit Skin sensitisation.rat Acute dermal irritation/corrosion.rat NOEL= 1000 mg/kg/day Phototoxicity in Guinea pig Photo-sensitization test.Maximization test Guinea pig LD50 > 2000 mg/kg LD50 > 2000 mg/kg Not irritant Not irritant Not a sensitizer 13-Week Repeated dose (gavage) toxicity. coli) Reverse Mutation (Ames) In vitro Chromosome Aberration (V79 cells) Photo-mutagenicity in bacteria (S. and fetal effects) Negative Negative NOEL = 1000 mg/kg/day Genetic test Bacteria (S. embryo.rabbit Acute eye irritation/corrosion. typhimurium.Guinea pig Not phototoxic Not photosensitizing Reproductive toxicity Androgen & Estrogen Receptor Binding Assays in vitro Uterotrophic Assay: Immature female rats (gavage dose) Teratogenicity test (gavage) in rats (maternal. The testing program was conducted according to OECD/EC test guidelines where available. An androgen competitive binding assay gave no indication of an endocrine activity. * BCF values < 100 are of no concern ** PEC = Predicted Environmental Concentration PNEC = Predicted No Effect Concentration PEC/PNEC ratios < 1 indicates no immediate concern to the environment TINOSORB® S great daytime protection Ciba® Tinosorb® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber 19 .Environment The eco-toxicological tests undertaken show that there is no adverse effects on the environment.01 in the environmental compartments water. The substance is not readily biodegradable but has an expected elimination of >70% and is therefore adsorbed on to sludge and sediment. sludge. and the risk assessment in line with the European Commissions ‘Technical Guidance Document’ (TGD). These favorable results indicate no adverse effect to the environment. TINOSORB® S has no acute aquatic toxicity up to solubility and also no toxicity to microorganisms. TINOSORB® S has a bio concentration factor BCF ≤19* and therefore no tendency to bio accumulate. sediment and soil. The resulting Environmental Risk Assessment according to the EU ‘Technical Guidance Document’ has a PEC/PNEC** ratio of <0. 20 Ciba® Tinosorb® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber . TINOSORB® S is also approved by the South African Foodstuff. g. US-5. listed in ‘Anhang 2 der Verordnung über kosmetische Mittel (VKos)’ in a concentration of up to 10%. Bolivia and Uruguay. Argentina. TINOSORB® S is further contained in the ‘Lista Positiva de Filtros Ultravioletas do Mercosul’ for concentrations of up to 10% comprising the following countries: Brazil. specific patents and patent applications of other parties should be considered.Product registration TINOSORB® S is already approved in Europe and South America.955. Paraguay. TINOSORB® S is approved for use as UV filter by the Swiss ‘Bundesamt für Gesundheit’. TINOSORB® S is approved for use as UV filter according to part I of Annex VII of the European Cosmetics Directive 76/768/EEC in a concentration of up to 10%[22].060). Ciba Specialty Chemicals is committed to register TINOSORB® S globally. Ciba Specialty Chemicals has initiated the registration of TINOSORB® S in many further countries. Nevertheless. Cosmetics and Disinfectants Act for concentrations of up to 10%. Patents TINOSORB® S and combinations thereof with most commonly used cosmetic UV filters are patent protected by Ciba Specialty Chemicals (e. Remington L. Kurimoto I. Skin Cancer and Radiation. Photostabilization of Butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (Avobenzone) and Ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate by Bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine (Tinosorb S). Cosmet. Nature 372.Heidelberg (1997) 296–313 20. Photochem. Wenk J. Schauder S. oral paper Ciba® Tinosorb® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber 21 . 115–127 2. Prediction of Sun Protection Factors by Calculation of Transmissions with a Calibrated Step Film Model. Luther H. Chardon A. SEPAWA Kongress. Chem. Nature Medicine 3. Martin R. and Regulatory Aspects. (Eds. Springer. Deflandre A. Toranomon 2-Chome. Skin Cancer and Radiation. 58 (1973) 5716-5725 21. J. (Eds. Phys. Springer. Herzog B. 53. Herzog B. Immune surveillance and sunlight-induced skin cancer. 11-26 (January-February 2002) 9.). Evans RL. Moyal D. Otterstedt JE. Berlin. 47-52 (1994) 7. Int. Mongiat S. Immunology Today. Jonason AS.). Altmeyer et al. Leffeli DJ. Loughlin SM. Jacks T and Brash DA. Neuhaus M. Springer. 47.. AS/NZS (1998) Australian/New Zealand Standard. (Eds. BerlinHeidelberg (1997). In: P.(1994) 773–776 15.Heidelberg (1997) 276–295 19. Twenty Fourth Commission Directive 2000/ 6/EC of 29 February 2000. Luther H. Ullrich SE and Kripke ML. Sommer K. In Vivo and In Vitro Assessment of UVA-Protection by Sunscreen Formulations Containing eitherButyl Methoxy Dibenzoyl Methane. 9-14. Sci. UV Protection by Sunscreens. Gonzenbach H. Poster P60 (2000). Diffey BL. 1. Hueglin D. The Evolution of Recent Sunscreens. Photostability and molecular structure.(1994) 174–179 13. Vincek V. Skin Cancer and Radiation. Evaluation. Blaudschun R and Wlaschek M. Sci. 15. Investigations on photostability of UV-absorbers for cosmetic sunscreens. Ananthaswamy HN. Int. Taylor JR. Berlin. Shaath NA. SÖFWJournal 127. A method for broad-spectrum classification of sunscreens.2000 12. Mascotte RE. Oct. AS/NZS. 22. Herzog B. 94/289.). 2nd Ed. UV-A Protection with a new class of UV Absorber. New York (1997) 4. Streilein JW. Sunscreens in Europe: Recent Developments. Japan Cosmetic Industry Association – JCIA. and Stiehm T. Pelzer R. BerlinHeidelberg (1997) 265–275 17. Minato-Ku Tokyo. JCIA Measurement Standard for UVA Protection Efficacy. a New UV Broadband Filter. Proceedings (CD-ROM): 21st ISFCC Congress. Mongiat S. Sun protection beyond the sun protection factor – new efficient and photostable UVA filters.References 1. 2000 153-164 8. Sharma HW. (Eds. 10. 45-54 (2001) 18. Sunscreens: Development. Herzog B. and Wochnowski M. Oral presentation at 22nd IFSCC. Fukuda ML and Takata S. In: Altmeyer P et al. Sauermann G. Proceedings. Pathak MA. p 105 (1995) 5. Simon JA. Cosmet J. Skin Cancer and Radiation. Mann T. Cox P. Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol. or Microfine ZnO. 23-26 September 2002. ed. Herzog B. Persistent pigment-darkening response as a method for evaluation of ultraviolet A protection assays. Sommer K. In: Altmeyer P et al. pp. Kimmelmann J. Scharfetter-Kochanek K. 2604 6. J. Shimizu T. 1994. Sci. Germany. Osterwalder U. In: Altmeyer P et al. COLIPA sun protection factor test method. Lowe NJ. Rue du Congrès. Berlin. Sunlight and Skin cancer: Inhibition of p53 mutations in UVirradiated mouse skin by sunscreens. oral paper 3. Oral presentation at 22nd IFSCC. Official Journal of the European Communities L56/42. Mantler A. Edinburgh. Cosmet.3. 74. Berset G. 559-582. The European Cosmetic Toiletry and Perfumery Association – COLIPA. Jolley JDR. Molecular Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Photoageing and Tumor Progression. Sunburn and p53 in the onset of skin cancer.). and Coulomb C. ref. 18 (1996) 167–177 11. Marcel Dekker. 16. and Herzog B. Deshayes C. Chatelain E and Gabard B. Springer. Lowell W. 23-26 September 2002. B-1000 Bruxelles 14. Tie C. Council Directive 76/768/EC. Christ R. Edinburgh. J. 401-406 (2001). Brenneisen B. J. Osterwalder U. 5-7. and Hourseau C.(1997) 510–514 16. Hydroxyphenyltriazines: A new generation of cosmetic UV filters with superior photoprotection. Photobiol. Ziegler A. O/W emulsifier systems • • • • Good compatibility with broad variety of emulsifier systems Best physico-chemical stability with anionic emulsifiers Reasonable limit of use in O/W emulsions: <5%-6% Preferred systems. for optimal SPF value.Recommendations for use Incorporation of TINOSORB® S in cosmetic manufacturing The product form of TINOSORB® S is a very fine yellow powder that is easily solubilized in most lipophilic emollients. The choice of the emulsifier system and the polarity of the cosmetic solvents is determinant to an optimal stability of TINOSORB® S in end products. Consequently and preferably. for optimal SPF value. Alternatively and especially for ‘cold process’ emulsions.. TINOSORB® S should be added directly into the oil phase of the emulsion and then heated till 75 – 80 °C for the emulsification procedure. are Polyglyceryl esters (liquid lamellar phase formation provides good abilities to emulsify polar oils and silicones without any stability problems over time) 22 Ciba® Tinosorb® S The highly efficient broad-spectrum UV-absorber . Carnauba. we should solubilize first TINOSORB® S in the most relevant lipophilic solvents (high to medium polarity) at room temperature and then complete the oil phase with the rest of oil dispersible/soluble ingredients..) improves the stability when formulating with polar oils • Reasonable limit of use in W/O emulsion: 3% • Preferred systems. are lamellar structured emulsions (lamellar gel network provides rheological barrier to coalescence and decreases the Van de Waals forces between oil droplets) W/O emulsifier systems • W/O emulsions need to use a minimal quantity of non polar oils in order to be physico-chemically stable • TINOSORB® S solubilization needs a sufficient amount of polar oils • Use of waxes (Candellila. uses for which prolonged contact with mucous membranes. Buyer’s sole remedy and Seller’s sole liability for any claims shall be Buyer’s purchase price. manufacture and marketing of innovative specialty chemicals. We add value beyond chemistry for our customers. INCLUDING MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. All trademarks mentioned are either property of or licensed to Ciba Specialty Chemicals and registered in relevant countries. or blood is intended. or for uses for which implantation within the human body is intended. consequential or indirect damages for alleged negligence. Data and results are based on controlled or lab work and must be confirmed by Buyer by testing for its intended conditions of use. It shows without liability on our part the uses to which our product can be applied.S.A. Ciba Specialty Chemicals Ciba Specialty Chemicals is a global leader in the discovery. The information given in our circulars is based on the present state of our knowledge. For further information please call your local representative. Under no circumstances shall Seller be liable for incidental. and is therefore not recommended for. SELLER MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY. This boschure is not intended for the use in the U. It shows without liability on our part the uses to which our product can be applied. Our products hold leading positions in their chosen markets. breach of warranty. employees and shareholders through our state-of-the-art environmentally compatible technologies and proven international marketing expertise. No statements herein are to be construed as inducements to infringe any relevant patent. The product(s) has not been tested for.Formulary TINOSORB® S serves as basis for good UV-A protection in day creams and medium to high SPF sunscreens The information given in our circulars is based on the present state of our knowledge. tort or contract arising in connection with the product(s). strict liability. . IMPORTANT: The following supersedes Buyer’s documents. abraded skin. Av.UVPS. No.TB. de [email protected] South America Ciba Especialidades Químicas Ltda. Home & Personal Care Segment CH-4002 Basel Switzerland Asia Pacific Ciba Specialty Chemicals (Singapore) Pte Ltd. Sta. NC 27261-2444 Telephone +1 336 801 20 00 Telefax +1 336 801 20 51 hpc.e. [email protected] Telephone +41 61 636 24 14 Telefax +41 61 636 31 83 hpc@cibasc. PC. Prof. USA) Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation 4090 Premier Drive US-High Point.V. São Paulo-SP Telephone +55 11 55 32 71 22 Telefax +55 11 55 43 72 52 hpc.Headquarters/Europe Ciba Specialty Chemicals Ciba Specialty Chemicals Inc. Telephone +52 55 54 22 60 00 Telefax +52 55 54 22 60 06 hpc.com © 2002 Ciba Specialty Chemicals Inc. Pub. Col. 90 – Santo Amaro BR-04706-900. Central America) Ciba Especialidades Químicas México. 3 International Business Park #05-01 Nordic European Centre SG-Singapore 609927 Telephone +65 68 90 61 16 Telefax +65 68 90 61 06 [email protected] Central America (Mexico. Vincente Rao.com North America ([email protected]. Calzada de Tlalpan 3058.F. 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