CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGIONS TIMELINE OF PHILIPPINE ARTS: ERA ETHNIC ART
TIME Pre-13 AD
ISLAMIC ART SPANISH ERA
13AD 1521-1898
AMERICAN ERA
1898-190
JAPANESE ERA
1941-195
RMB/RN/MAN/2017
CHARACTERISTICS Integral to life
DISTINCT FEATURES Arts for ritual purposes or for everyday use. As local communities become established, art starts to go beyond mere craft, i.e. stone weapons or jewelry but starts to have decorative elements, meaning and context. Geometric designs Characterized by geometric designs and patterns eliciting focus from believers Faith and Catechism When the Spaniards arrived in the Philippines in 1521, the colonizers used art as a tool to propagate the Catholic faith through beautiful images. With communication as problem, the friars used images to explain the concepts behind Catholicism, and to tell the stories of Christ’s life and passion. Damian Domingo AKA Damian Gabor Domingo • 1st Filipino to paint his face, the first self-portrait in the Philippines • Founder of the Academia de Dibujo y Pintura, the first school of drawing in the Philippines (1821) • "Father of Filipino Painting" ALIAS "The First Great Filipino Painter" He established the Academia de Dibujo y Pintura in 1821. Secular Art Forms From one colonizer to another – after more than three centuries of Spanish rule, the Americans came. They set out to conquer the Filipinos through education and governance – the public school system and a system of government. Classicism: Fabian dela Rosa (1869 – 1937) was the first painter of note for the 20th century. He was noted for his realistic portraits, genre, and landscapes in subdued colors. He was enrolled at the Escuela de Bellas Artes y Dibujo and took lessons from Lorenzo Guerrero. Modernism would have its seeds planted in the 1890’s with Miguel Zaragosa’s two pointillist works. Emilio Alvero later produced several Impressionist still life paintings. But it would take an architect to give modernism its needed boost in the country. Juan Arellano would be known as an architect but his Impressionist landscapes are as impressive as his buildings. Carlos “Botong” Francisco, (1913 – 1969), Angono-based painter, depicted Philippine history in his “History of Manila” mural at the Manila City Hall. Orientalizing The arrival of the Japanese caused tremendous fear, hardships and suffering among the Filipinos. The Filipino way of life was greatly affected during the Japanese period. The Filipinos lost their freedom of speech and expression. The development of art was also stopped. Filipinos greatly feared the "zoning". There were Filipinos spies hired by the Japanese to point those who were suspected of being part of the guerilla movement. The Japanese made some changes in the 1|Page TO GOD BE ALL THE GLORY!
CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGIONS
MODERN ERA
196-1969
National Identity
CONTEMPORARY
1970 up to present
Social Realism
system of education. Under their rule, the Japanese imposed their own music on the country. Japanese music was heard daily in radio broadcasts. Their songs were also taught in public schools. Students, however, never took these songs to heart. In response to the Japanese propaganda, Filipino painters reacted by producing the following works: “A Day Begins” by Vicente Alvarez Dizon, 1942, genre scenes that seem neutral. Yet there were still many artists who portrayed the atrocities of war in their collections such as “Rape and Massacre in Ermita” by Diosdado Lorenzo Modern era in Philippine Art began after World War 2 and the granting of Independence. Writers and artists posed the question of national identity as the main theme of various art forms. Modern art is characterized by the artist's intent to portray a subject as it exists in the world, according to his or her unique perspective and is typified by a rejection of accepted or traditional styles and values. Contemporary art as the work of artists who are living in the 21st century. Contemporary art mirrors contemporary culture and society, offering the general audiences a rich resource through which to consider current ideas and rethink the familiar. The work of contemporary artists is a dynamic combination of materials, methods, concepts, and subjects that challenges traditional boundaries and defies easy definition. Diverse and eclectic, contemporary art is distinguished by the very lack of a uniform organizing principle, ideology, or -ism.
Contemporary Art: Elements/Principles a) b) c) d) e)
Appropriation: Traditional Art(ie: Paintings and Portrait) appropriated/ used/ placed in T-shirts, Mugs and the likes Performance: The depictions of ordinary events/activities into socially relevant themes such as poverty, commercialism and the likes. Space: transformation of space (sculpture installation in malls and parks, flash mobs presentations) Hybridity: The mixing of unlikely materials to produce an artwork (sand, mud, coffee and the likes) Technology: the use of video and social media/ internet (youtube sensations, instagram/facebook)