Tibetan English Dictionary (Jaschke 1883) - Row 2

138brndn-pa brndn-pa, = rndn-pa sbst. Glr., vb. Lex. brndb-pa 1. Sch. = brndd-pa. 2. Lex. = r hob-pa, rnams-pa. bsndl-ba to be faint or exhausted Cs.; v. sdug-bsndl. UA can bsnds-pa to place upon a cushion Sch. nsfq* bsno-ba 1. v. sno-ba. 2. a blessing, ^ cf. sno-ba. 3. Cs. also: mouldy. rotten (prob. only livid, discoloured, v. sno). ^- t-a 1. the letter c, tenuis, palatal, like the Italian ci in ciascuno, or c in ci- cerone. 2. as numerical figure: 5. - 3. = lea excrement, alvine discharges , ca O dor-ba to discharge excrements Mil. " ca-cir lark Ld. T ea-&is warped, distorted, awry &?A. ca-co' clamour, cries, snyin fsim-gyi ca-co shout, exclamation of joy Ptk. ; noise, of many people Thgy.', da cd-co ma zer now do not make such a noise! (so Mil. rebukes the aerial spirits); chirping, twitter Glr.; cd-co-can shouting, bawling; talkative, loquacious Stg. 3'irx* cd-dar, also fsd-dar, fsd-sar, a sheet, ' blanket, toga. ca-ra-rd, or ci-ri-ri, W. * car -pa ca-ra-rd yon dug*, it rains heavily, it is pouring. cv x$'^' ca-ri W. bug. *^" ca-re continually, always = car. cag termination of the plur. of pers. pronouns. \$cn*m$r cag-krum cartilage, gristle; sna^ ' xi cag-krum bridge of the nose. ^" cag-dkdr W. quartz. cdg-ga, C. *cdg-ga jM-pa*, = nyd- ra byed-pa, c. la, to take care of; *cdg-ga ddg-po )he' -pa* to look after, to keep, preserve carefully; * cdg-ga ddg-po* careful, orderly, regular, tidy, of persons. Ld. ^a d~^ a 9-> cdg-pa smacking in eating 6s. ' i'ag-cer-re closely pressed or crowded, in standing or sitting " cag-rdo - cag-dkdr W. ^r* <-'an, (v. cian, ci-yan), every thing, any thing whatever, can - ses knowing every thing, epithet of deities or saints; more frq. followed by a negative particle and then signifying: nothing; *can mi sto* it does not matter, it is indifferent (to me), frq.; *can med* there is nothing here, or at hand; also = *can mi sto; can mi ^es- Kan* ignorant, stupid; blockhead, simpleton. can-feu Grlr., also can-can-teu a sort of small drum Pth. TT- can, affix, adjective termination, prop. ' signifying: having, being provided with, dan, Iddn-pa, corresponding to the Eng- lish adj. terminations -ous, -y, -ly, -ful, e.g. fser-ma-can thorny; sometimes also = -like or -ish: bon-can Bon-like, heretical Mil., hin-du-can Hindoo-like, Hindooish; seldom affixed to verbs: byed-pa-can a doer, maker; in C. also for the possessive pron. : nd-can, ko-can, my, his (her), *nag- gofi sd-hib-cen* the Sahib's inkstand. It may also be affixed to a set of words that form one expression: tser-ma non-po-can having sharp thorns, seii-gei mgo-can having a lion's head. 138 .qc'i"f t"·,,an 6 pa, - /'Iiun-p" IIbst. GlI'., ,·b. Lu. .. :::r'r lmidb-pa 1. &h. - briuid.pa. - ""i... 2. _ nidb-JKI, rJiann'pl1. f!.s,;til-ba 10 be or exhausted G.; v. IdIlg-bMu/. rn 1. the letter (. tenois, pal alai, like the Iwlian ci in nlUl,"HJtO., or e io n- - 2. as numerical figure: 5. - 3. '= lea excrement, ah-ine discbarges, rn .dof'-bo. to disehuge el:crements Mil. ea--lir lark Ld. ta-i'tU w8J1led, distorted, 8WTJ' &It. clamour, cries, ,nyili {,im-gyi l-tWo shout, ezclAma'ion of ;Or PIlI.; noise, of many TlIgy.; da fd-co 1'l'1O DOW do make lIuch .. noi!l4l! (80 Mil. rebukes the aerinl spirits); chirping, twitter Gir.; cd-eo-wn shouting, bawling; talkative, loquacious St!!_ (d-dar, also tiUar, tJd-.8ar, a sheet, blanket, toga. ClI.of'a-rU, or Ci.ri-I·;, 11'. -car'lXl ca-ra-rli,yoli duff, it rains heavily, it is pouriog. ca-ri bug. .... '1,), Ca·n continually, always_ (01'. \5=ff eag terroinntioll of the plur. of pers. eag - kl'll1l'< cartilage, gristle; ,mal -...; I'ag-Irrum bridge of the nose. cafrilkdl" IV. quarb:. cag-ga, C: "Urrya )!lJ'-pa", -ll!Jd- ra byM-pa, c. la, 10 take care 01; "carroa dug-po jilt' _pa" to look after, to keep, presen'e carefull)'; "cug-gu·dug-(XJ" careful, orderly, regWlll, tid)', of pel'$o.Ds. !Niri3-pu to place upon a cushion &,. lAit6-t:a 1. \·.3Jid-ba. - 2. a blming, cf. w6-bo. - C3. also: moukly, rotten (prob. only 1h-id, discoloured, v. "'"0). CI¥(JkI smacking In eating (a. Ca!J-tw-Ti closely pre.;sed Of crowded, in 5tandiog or litting IA. u:f.( cag-roo:'" rng-dl:ur It: \SC' roN, (v. ciaN, (i-yM,), every thing, any thing Whatever. tuN - ih knowing every thinj:;, epithet of deitie;s or !:l.int5; more feq. followed Ly a neS-tive plrticle Rod then signifying: nothing; "tan m; .w" it does not matter, it is indiffereDt (to me), feq.; "Can IJ/td° there is nothing here, or at haud; nlso = "cali mi 3(0; Cull 'IIli /fan" ignarant, stupid; blockhead, s:impleton. '5::.)e.' can - flu Gir., also -...; n sort of small drum HI.. CUll, affis, adjective termioatioD, l'fOP. signifying: having, being provided with, = dari ldU11-pa, corresponding to the Eng- lish adj. terminations -ous, -y, -ly, -ful, e.g. (sh'-?I1IW:(ln tborny; sometimes also ... -like or -ish: fx}n.can Bon-like, heretical Mil., lJin-Ju-can Hindoo-like. lIindooisll; seldom uffixp.d to Ycrba: b!led-pa-cu'l n doer, maker; in C. also for the possessive pron.: ;,a-CUII, .M-can, my, IJis (her), "ljUfI" [Jd;" sd-ldh-cfll" the Sahib's iukStlmd. It may also be a!H.sed to n set of WOrU3 thnt form o.nc expression: t&ir-lIIa 1tQn.po-i'an having sharp tborns,M'n-gti mg6-can having a)ion's bead. can rv,/ 109 ^ can, po., prop, cdn-dii, postp. c. accus., to, with, /.v*/'/ n'ui-dn mi jjr<t I do not go to him Mil.. /V//.; na cdn-<lu with me, in my presence Mil. The word seems to be rather obsolete; more recent editions having (jdn-du and drfn'i-du instead of it. .5.,..^. ;-<m-cil (?) W. the green shell of a walnut. can-ci', cdii-h'r. can- t in , Sen.} a small bowl or dish; Cs.: continually. * can-drdit green, unripe W. (?). cdn-sa (?) kitchen, fire-place W. cab-cob Cs. nonsense e.g. smrd-ba. cam 1. Cs. Slow; Le,i: cdtn-gyis and several other passages, the sense of which is not quite clear; cf. cam-me. - 2. glistening, glittering (?) cf. lcam-me. - 3. W. whole, unimpaired, *sa* (lit. rtsva) * cam-me yod* the whole store of hay is still left (entire). "SJT^Hf cdm-pa-td-lo Ts. mallow. cam-pod Ld. a bunch of flowers, sprigs etc., a handful of ears of corn. -rx; car 1. Lea-, car-re, Cs. ca-re, Sch. also car-mdr, always, continually Cs. 2. also car, cdr-du, with numerals, esp. )'ci<j- /"/ at the same time, simultaneously, opp. to one after the other, successively (viz. doing or suffering a thing, sleeping, dying etc.) Dzl.; at once, on a sudden, opp. to gradually Mil.; Ind-car all the five to- gether Tlujy., jrnyis-car, drug-car etc. I* car-ras v. n doms-ras. snr col Cs.: 'noise, cal-cal id.; col-rayiuj rumour, (false) report'; cal-c6l idle talk, nonsense, cal-cdl ftain id. Mil. can Pur., v. ces 2. J* cas-cus Sch. = ca-ci<x. N3 \5* ci num. figure: 35. ~ </ I. interr. jr..n. in direct questions: 1. what? (<:. gen. (fan instead of ti) H .s/'.s (like the ///W. TOT srpf) who knows? col. W. ; also pleon. at the end of ti question after the. .. am: >m //// - e - tarn ci? do you know me? do you? /);!.; <-ii <>f whom? whose? followed by /'.'/"' '/"" -/'/ (-du): why? wherefore? inst. of Hi y also ci -pyir etc.; d,- l-ii y'///// ze-na 'this wherefore? (= why this?J if so it is asked'. (This phrase, besides the gerundial particles esp. pas -- is the only way in which in It. the causal conjunction 'for' (L<if. nam, enim) can be expressed, and in translating into Tibetan, the English con- junction must therefore often be altogether omitted.) cii Jbrds-bu what sort of fruit? m ri what kind of a mountain? i.e. of what consisting? I*th.; ci also, like an adj., is placed after the word to which it belongs: rgyu ci-las for what reason? on what ac- count? Tlwjy. --2. why? wherefore? but only in negative questions: bdd</-l<i de ci ma cog why should not that suffice me? Thai/.; ci mi syimb why do you not pro- cure .. .? inst. of the imp. procure! Mil.; bsdm-na ci ma legs if you considered . . . , why would not that be a good thing? = you had better consider, you ought to consider Mil.; frq.: de Jbyi'iit-nu ci ma run if that happened, why should it not be desirable? = would that it happened! oh, may it happen! 3. how? in conjunction with other words, v. below. 4. inst. of a note of interrogation, e.g. in: ci yuan, for yndit-iiam, /.vy/.s -/<// <V yuan do you allow (me) to come? Dzl &Y. i:i: }5,5. II. correctively: which, what; what- soever; every thing, much like </, q.v.. esp. the syntactical explanations given there. (V, as a correlative, ought prop, always to be written ji, yet not even in decidedly correlative sentences is this strictly ob- served: ci bin'd^-na-^aii} whatever I may do Glr.; ci bgyi bka ny/i(-fc*) /W-Ayw bsgrub whatever we uiay be bidden to do, we shall obediently perform l*th.; ci myur, also Hwt/ur zi<j-la Pth. as quick as possible; ... (tN, po., Prol'. MlI-(lll. t. - \ to. with, /.'0'; hhwlu ""i.oro I do not Ito to him Mil" PtA.; Ifll Mn..(lu with mt, ill Illy llresence Mil. The wonl seelns to be rathtr obeoletc; more Teetnt having sO"....," and dl'ti,;-(/ll in tl!ll.d of it. (a,,-Hl (1) W the greeD sllell of a walnut. rWI-N,Nm-m-, NlII- '1 ,-"\ • --1 ni, . II.; a small bowl or di h; is.: continually. ru,,·drti .. green, unripe W. (?). rWI-M (?) kitchen, fll'tlllaee II: rub-iob C•. nonsense e.g. Iltlni..ba. WwI I. C•. sloWi Lu. MI/I* Joy. and sen!r-al other tIle sense of v..hich is Dot ql,lite clellr; te. M",·ItIi. - 2. glistening, glittering (?) d. lla",·fIII. _ 3. n: whole, unimpaired, ·ta· (lit. rtaro:) "la_Ii !JDd" tbe whole Siore of hay is still left (entire). c-d"...pa-td../o T,. mallow. (um-pdll l..d. I bultCh of fio'/lotl'S, etc., • handful of eaft of COrti. i9': rur 1. rar-rt, G. ra-r;, &11. also tar.·",dr, always. continually ('a. - 2. also ;ar, ldr-dll, wilh numerals, C!p.)'fig- Ca,. at the same time, simultaneously, 0PI)· to one after tho otber, lIuccessi\'el)' (,·j1. doing or suffering" thing, sleeping, dying etc.) J)::l.; at once, on a sudden, 0rl), to gradually Mil.; bid _;(11' all the five to- gether 'n.9Y', pl!Jis·lar, d,-uy-cal' ctc. (;(11'-,./11 V. 0//011I'-1'''', cal (,•. : 'noise, cal-elll id.; i'al-I'U,,!"!! mlDour, (fnlse) report'; cII1-i'tJI idle talk, nonsense, tll/-M/, rtam iJ. Nil. \50..'1' 00. Pur., v. en 2. 0-.'1'0-.'1' tal-ni. &/,. - ta-U••. f:i num. figurc: 35, "3 N I. interr. pron. in direet qu tion,: I. what? (C. gcn. 9tH. in:.tead of 1» H m (like the JIj"d.1IIIT llTTlI) wllo Imow.? col. Ii',; also r1eon, at the C1nd of .. quettiOlI after tile. ,. am: "I! .w-.... _8WH ci? do you kno"" me? do you? 1)::/.; rii of. hom? ""hOl:e? follo.·ed by lif j ,., "6,.. 1M, .ttul (-4,,): \\I.y? wherefore? inM, of i'i" PI" Also H-l1!fir etc.; J, iii ftyir t;· 16(' 'this wlaerefore? (= why t1lis') if 10 it i. asltc!(l', (This I,hl'l'se. bes4dei the gerundial pani(')es - esp. - tlte only way in whiell in IJ. the taus.l eonjunctioa 'for' (tAlt ""IN. nf;"') can be and in tmnMating into Tibetan, the F.oglnh C'OO- junction Plust therefore often be al\O@:ether omitted.) Hi.brd:f...b. what. ,;ort of fNit? Hi " what kind of a mountain? i.e. of .·bat consisting? I"'.; H 11.1,;.0, like an adj., iii placed after the ,,'ord to which it beJoogs: ii_laa for what reason? OD what ac- count? Thy" - 2. Why? wherefort? bot only ia ncgath'e questions: bdA:rJa tltt i:i ,"a ros "'hy ",hould not thllt JDe? TItgy.: N 1m' agrub ""hy do you DOt p" eu", ...? insL of the imp. procure! "'./.; btd",-"a Ci twa I. if you considered .. " why wOIlld not thllt be a good thing? - )·ou hsd better con!ider, )'01,1 ought to consider Mil.; fr1J.: tk .by.';'_ fi 1M",.. if tllal IUlllpcned. why should it not be de;;imblc '"" would that it IUlppened! oh. nmv it haJlpcn! - 3. how? in conjunction with other words, \'. belo.'. - •. of a 1l0IQ of interrogation. e,g. in: n /7IQ.o, for )'mi"-Jiam, )JitJ,-pllr ti '7<IIl; do )'011 II.lIow(me) to cowe? D:I. 13; II. correillth'cly: which, what; what- soever; every thing. Dluch like yan, q." .. esp. tlies)'otAetical explauatiousgi\'en there, ti, as 1\ correlati,'c, OUglJll'TOI'. 11111'11)" to be written )j, yet not c\'w in decidcdly corrclatil'c scolcnCei is this ..triclly ob- serve<!: N whatcyer I may do Glr.; rj .bgyi n,V/IH(-tt) ..1tI- J:';' wh:uc"cr ..·e IUl\Y he bidden to do, we shall obediently rerlorm J'til.; n "'!/Hr, &1..'"0 Hg-la PrJ.. AI quick as poMible; 140 ci-lim n also ci alone : by all means, at all events, spy an ci drafts he must be conducted here at all events Glr. Comp. and deriv. cl-ga what? col. - ci-dgar, ci dgd-bar whatever one may wish, at pleasure, ad libitum. ci snyed \. snyed. *ci ton* (lit. yto/i) *zig* some, something col. -- ci Ita-bu of what sort, manner, fashion, quality or nature? Lat. qualis. - ci Itar how? in what manner? what? da ci Itar bya, W. *da ci co-ce*, what is now to be done? h Itar gyur-pai ytam byds- so he related what had happened, frq. - H-ste, followed by na or (rarely) tc, in most cases the Lat. sin, but if, if however ; even supposed that; sometimes for gdl-te, if, in case. ci sto what does it matter? si yah ci sto if he dies, what does it matter? Thgy. (cf. can). ci- dra-ba similar to what? of what kind? also: of whatever description it may be Glr. -- ci-nas from which or what? out of which or what? by which? etc. (BaL\ *ci-ne* how?), ci- nas kyah = bis kyah q. v. - - ci tsam how much? B., W.; ci tsam yod kyan though he have ever so much Mil.; ci tsdm-du how far? to what distance? ci-tsug Cs., col. *ci-zug, gd-zug* how? in what manner? - ci zig i. what? what a? 2. some one, any one, something, anything ; ci zig-tu dgos for what (purpose) is it wanted? Dzl. ; ci zig-na once, one time, at any time Pth.; ci zig-nas after that, afterwards Pth. ci yah, ci-an, can whatever, any thing, all kinds of things, *nul yo-na fsoh-gyu ci yah yo* C. if there is money, you may sell any thing; followed by a negative: nothing. ci rigs-pa adj , ci rigs-par adv. 1. in some measure, to a certain degree; in part, partly Tar.; 2. of every sort Dzl. and elsewh. ci-la why? wherefore? Glr., W. col. ; also for the de cii pyir ze-na of B.; further it is used inst. of an affirmative; e.g. question: shall \ve get rice there? answer: *fob yin; ci-la mi fob* of course, why not? "f ci-la zu* why! well! a}&| Ci-Um (Hind. Jb> 1. the bowl of a hukka (water-pipe). -- 2. a hukka. 5* ci-tse Kun., also tse-tse, millet. cig, enclitic, a modification of ycig, after s usually changed into sig, after vowels, and the liquids n, n, m, r, I into zig (exceptions, however, in provincialisms and in literature are not unfrequent) 1. after nouns, the indefinite article a, or a few, when following after a plural; some- times also untranslatable: bud-med-dag cig some women; mdh-po zig many (some- times expressly opp. to mdh-po, the many, Tar. 7, 15); gah zig v. gan; a little, some, siii zig O fu-ru Ogro dgos I must go and pick up some fire -wood Mil.; after in- finitives : Krims dah Ogdl - ba zig byed-pa to commit a trespass, to make one's self guilty of a transgression Dzl.; fse Opos-pa grdhs-med-pa zig myan he suffered innu- merable deaths ZM; it is even added to numerals, and not only when 'nearly', 'about' or similar words leave a given number undefined (mi lha tsam zig some five people), but also in sentences like the following: cu-mig bzi zig yod there are four springs or fountains. In all these cases, however, it may also be omitted. The numeral for 'one' ought always to be written ycig and never cig, but prefixing the y is so often neglected (eg. in fobs cig-tu, Than cig etc.) that even grammarians let it pass. - - 2. when affixed to verbs (to the root of the imp. mood, or, in ne- gative sentences, to the root of the present tense) it is a sign of the imperative. In ancient literature it is used without re- ference to rank, whether it be in making prayers to Buddha, or in giving orders to a servant; at present in C. only in the latter way ; in W. it is of rare occurrence. x$C" -Be* (3CT* ^' *^> ^' a gerundial particle, the initial letter of which is changed ace. to the rules ob- taining for cig; it corresponds to the English participle in ing, is used in sentences be- ginning with when, after, as, and is affixed to verbal roots and adjectives, 'in the latter case including the auxiliary verb to be: yson-por dur-du bcug-cin bui sa zd-bar 140 also 8 alone: by all meaDS, IlII e\cnts., 3p9(Jn n dra,,- he must be conducted here aL nil e\'t!Dta Glr. Comp. and deriv. H-ga what? col. _ dgU-hor 1II"bate,.er one DIOY wish, at pleasure, ad libitum. - it" 'Rytd \'. Vl!Jl'd. - *H to,;* (liL }tDit) *:ift same, something col. - H. Ita - btl 01 wfIat sort, maDDer, rumoo. quality or nature? fAt. quali•. - Ii !tar how? in ,,'hal manner? what? Off H /tar bya, n: ·do n ro·tl", "'hat is now to be done? - h ltar gyitr-paj )'tam b!lii.- MJ he relnled what hud hnppened, frq. _ H.'tt, followed by "a or (rorely) iI', in most ellses = the I,at. ,hi, but if, ifholl'ever; even supposed tbnt; sometimes for gal-tt, if, in - n Mo "'hilt does it matter? U YUI; ;.; ,10 iOlc dies, what does it /DllUer? Thy!!_ (d. ran). - H-"dl'a-ba similar to whnt? of what kind? also: of whatc\'cr description it IDDy be Gir. - H·mu from ,,'hich nf what? oul of which (lr what? by ,,'hich?ete. (/lal,; -Ci-nr- how'!), H- filii J.yM/ _ H, J.yait. q. \', - H Ualll how much? fl., II':; n Uam yod I.-yait. though be hue ever so much Mil,; H ndlR du ho,,' fa.r? to wool di;;taDce?-i'i-tfH9 f .., col -;;':119, gd-ztl!f how? in what manner? - n !:ig t. what? what a? 2. some one, any ooe, something, anything; Ci ziy-ht dgot for "'00\ (purpoee) is il .'anted? D:I.; ri ziy-lIa once. onc time, at My lime Ptn,: ri !:iy-no., afier tbat., after1\'ards 1M. - (oj yan, i(-wf, roit. wbatever, l\Ily thing, aU kinds of things, -,,"l !to'-tid f.tl'Jit.'!J!JU n' yaH !fl'- C. if there is money, )'ou may ll('ll tiny thing; followed b)' n negative: nothing. - tj I'{!!'-p« adj., li ri!l'"-par nd\', 1. in some measure, to n certain deF;N!e; in parL, pnrtly Tar.; 2,01 every sort D:l. and elsewh. - tj,.·la why? wherefore? Glr" w: col.; nlso for the dt Hi li!Jir U-lId of 1J.; further it is used inst. of all. affirmatil'e; question: shall we get rice tbere? l\Dswer: -fob yin; ti-ia mi fob- of ('<IUI'Se, not? -Ci-Ia why! weill I. IhebVwI ofa bukh (Wat.eI'-pipe), - 2, a huua. H-tIl Kiln., also millet tig, enclitic, a modificntion of J'H9. after, u!'lUlll)' changed into .,y. afler vowels, and the liqllids it., ", Hi, r, 1 into zi!l (e:z.:eeptions, in pro\'incialisms and in literature are not Il.nfreqlleDt) I. nfler nOung, the indefinite nrticle a. or I few, when follouoing a plural; &Orne- times also un\.rllllsiatable: bud-mld..(lag t-WJ some women; '1IItlti-po !:iy maoy (some- times expressly opp. to mli';1JO. tk ronny, Ta", 7, I!); fJlJll !:If! \', va;'; a liltle, some. ii,j ZIg .fu-ru e!lro //yot J mnst go IlDd Ilick up snme fire-wood after in_ finiti\'es; lri»1Jl lim; o!Idi-iHl ziy b!J'i'lI-JHI to commit a trespnsll, to nmke one's self guilty of n. trtlllsgre8l>ion J);:l.; fu cJidI'J!lt gl'dli8-mM-pa zig 'Ilyllil lie suffered innu_ merable dC1ltllS D:I.; it is e\'p.n IUlded to numerals, lind not only when 'netlrly', I obou\' or aimilar words gi\'en number IlDdl'llnt'd (mi ilia t4(JII' Zi<; &Orne fin: IJt'QIJle), but Illso in senlences like the following: eft. - fHig yotl \here are four spring;; or fountains. In aU cases, lJowe\'u, it may also be omitted. The nu.meml for 'Olle' ought at"".), 1.0 be written J'ng and never ;;g, bUl prefixing the r is so often neglected (e g. in fahc Hg-t.", lJum Cig etc.) luat even grammarians let it pa.."6- - 2. wheo afflXed to \'erils (to tbe root of Ihe imp. mood, or, in ne- Rath'e sentences, to the root of tbe present tense) it is a sign of the In nncient lheruture it is llsed ...oithout re- ference to rank, whether it be in making prnyus to Buddhn, or in gh'ing ordcrs to ll. servant; at prescnt in C. only in the latter wa)'; in W: iL is of rLlre OCCUl'l'en{';(>, llc' N,i, ziti, II gerundial , . 1-' llnrticle, the initial letter of which is chunged ace. to the rules ob- taioins for Ny; it corresponds lo theEngli"h pllniciple in ing, ill used in sentelUleS be- ginning witb when, after, as, and is affixed to \'erbll.l roots nod adjecti,'es, 'in tbe uuler case including the aUliliary ,'erb to be: J..oN-por ditr-du lKWg-c.li tau ia zd-bar 141 c!n-ri bur ffyitr-ciy ( IICIKJ-IKIX, or l>h'i<i-xtt>} may I, after having been buried alive, be obliged to eat ray own son's flesh! Dzl.\ usually hu\\ever employed in the minor clauses of accessory sentences: />ms-.s//i //<;//- y/^.s Inlying hid thriiix-lvos after running away 1>:I. ; frq. also where coordinate ideas are in English connected by and or but: m-la :<i-:tit kr<i<j-la Jitii-ba eating flesh and (I i inking blood; <v-;//, l,'<is-pa tall and well- shaped: (Irod y-nod-ciii bsil-ba pun heat is hurtful (but), cold is beneficial Lt. It is also used like the ablative of the gerund in Latin; nya btsor-ziit O fso-o we live by li-hing (piscando) DzL ; and - kyin (q.v.): ri-la dran-aron byed-cin Oduy-yo he sits on the mountain acting the part of an anchorite DzL ; smre-siidys O d6n-Hn O du(/ he sits wailing DzL; ran-dytir (/ro-~//i yda he is wandering at pleasure Mil. ; ces smrd-zih yod-pa-la as they were thus speaking Gli\; cos ston- </// yod-pai fse as he was just giving re- ligious instruction Tar. 11, 12. CV ^^ 5Q/^* ciu-ri n. of a female demon Thar. N3 ' 3^- ^M;- h'r, H-I-U, terrain, of ./V, 1. whereto etc., little used. -- 2. with I/a it: everywhere, in every direction, for any purpose, by all means, with a negative : nowhere (so at least it is to be explained in several passages of l*tlt. and ^j- cis, instr. of ci, cis yid-ces-par Oyynr by what am 1 to believe it? what >hall make me believe it? whereby can I know it to be true? D:L; cis kyaii mi tkrdg-pa yin he is not to be frightened by any thing Dzl.\ cis tyaii, and H - nas kyan frq. used as adv.; by all means, at all events, at any rate, cis kyaii ^ro - na if you wish to go by all means, at all hazards; da cis kyaii ycys byao now I will at any rate play him a trick D:/. ; r/.s kyan b~ex-pa zu I beg of you most earnestly to accept it Mil.; i-is kyaft slobs never mind! teach it me at any rate! l*th. ft hi 1. num. figure: 65. 2. inst. of bin. NS used in compound numerals for the tens, when the preceding numeral end with a consonant: mm-i-n, ///////-,//. l,,l,t n- cu y bryyad-i-u. ^rnr- en -<i,,i, M.;t.. ('*.: 'u sort of lime used for medicine". cu-ti (.'//!-//) pig-tail, cue. w..m by boys and men in Tibet proper, IA. and Sp. Cf. co-to. 3'^' ^vff- ''"-I'. ''"-/' 1 H'. a fresh apricot - < . dried apricots without stones. 3. a sort of wild-growing vege- table SV/-., ('. - cu-U ta-yir the pulp .f apricots boiled down to a conserve nnd formed into cakes W. bun-i-u-li a kind of peach Kim. T cu(/-<-v</ = cog-cati ,SV//. ' ^- hin 1. ('. gourd, pumpkin. - 2. n. of NS a place. -- 3. for cuii ziy: da Ky(nl cuii J>yis-pa yin you are a little too late now I*t/i.; hiii yo-ba a little slanting Glr. , h'tit-:atl, a little, B. and (.'., mu-ye citit-:ad h'y a partial famine Mil. ; h'n'i-zad-kyi />yir for the sake of a trifle, through an insignificant circumstance DzL /A% 15: some. Lnt. non- nulla, of rare occurrence, Was. (242): hi it zig skycii - bar yyiti' - mix. rather ashamed, somewhat confounded Glr. ; h'tii-'iy fxin- nam blta I shall see, whether it will help, or has helped, a little Mil. : a little while, a short space of time, ci'iii-:ad h<i W<w/ h'y wait a little (while) DzL When followed by a negative, it may either be trans- lated as in: Hih-zad tita lulc - ba a little unwell, uneasy etc. Mil., or as in: dbaii h'tii-zad ?///'</, there is not even a slight possibility = there is no possibility at all l*th. and elsewh. cun-zo, also cun-zu, cuii-zf, ycoh- a kind of white stone. hib W., from the Hind, wq , *cvb cdd-de day* he keeps silence, holds his peace. ^. cur , in //// mid -pa to devour food NS entire Sch. flyr"r-Hg (-lx....g-'w_. or lK"g-,t,) may 1, Iteler having bei!n lJuried R1ive, be ol>liged 1.0 eat my own son'. flei.h! [hi.; usu.lIy ho....e\·er emJlio) ed in IIle mioor cJause;l of aece.sory i.eflWDCes: uro.-lin gdu-IJ(/A lJlt\·jng Ilid IbelUseh'efi "fler rUlllliog Av..ay 0:1.; frq .•1-.0 coordioille ideall are in Engli ..ll COnUN'led b)' and or but: .d-l" I.'roy -Ia .flln - bs eAting nnd drinking blood; ,Mi" t/r.,..pn t.1I and ...·1'11· dl'Oll Jrtlkl..N" o.il·ba j'HUi hellt is hurtful (but), cold is benefici.1 Lt. It is .Iso used like lhe ablati"e of llie gerund ill lAtin, l¥6r-:tjli .(16'0 we li"e by fi"'hing (piscAndo) IJ:I.; nnd -kyin (q.\'.): ri-fa druit-voli hp.d-Hli he .iu 00 ..he mount.in the part of an anchorite D:l. ; ,P/frt-eit,;!I' .dOH';';Ii .d"fl he siu wailing D:l.; ra.Ii ..J;jtir lIe is ...·.ndering :Iot IllellSure .1111.; m y6d. J'a-la lb they ...·ere thus .peaking Glr.; ro. ,tun' Cili ydd-pui til! all he was JUSt Riving re- ligious iostruction TIN". 11,12. nu-ri n. of 0. female demon TIw.l'" 3,,:;", •.s' fir, n- ro, tennin. of .ii, J. whtrtlo etc., lillIe used. - 2. ...·jth ya,;; everywhere, in every direction, for nny IlUrt1n8e, by all menns, witll a negalive: nowhere (so at least it is 1.0 be explained in !e\'erlll pllS nges of HI.. nDr! 'I'h!J!J.). i·i•• instr. of ci. yi<l-ln-par .,yyur by what :1m 1 to belie\'e it? whnt make hie bclie\'e it? whereby clm I koo\\' it to be true? D:I.; t'u l.'!Ian lI.i .A'rug-pa yin he ill not to be frightened by nD)' thing /):1.; t'iI /tDd H-nl.l& J..ya';' frq. used ns ndv.; by all means, nt nil events, at any rate, N. I·yuN. o!IrO - nil if you willh to RO by uJl meanll, nt all IIl1Zards; dfl Iyw; !I'fII U!JM no\\" I wilt I\t any nlte )IIIlY Ilim II. trick 1):1.; h.I:ytIH bter••pa til 1 beg o( you mo;.t ennlestly to accept it Mil.; ;·i, k!JIHi ./obI neyer mind! leach it me Ilt llUy rale! PM. \5' hi. 1. num. figure: 65. - 2, iust. of lx'lt, '" used in compound r..,., the 1<, lens, ...·hen the preeNing numeral end. witl. a consonant; aullf-hl, dnl!l_h" Utlllll- Cu. ul"'!J!JIII/..rll. \S':fF hI-9#" Mfli., l •. : 'a AOI1 or li.ae ..... u"Cd for u; iv-ti (!ri'll.h) pig.tail, tft.... (·m by ..... IJoY. and IOta ill pl'OIlf!r. fA/. and 81" cr. ro-to. r#..[;, ro-li J. almll a,rie,L .....' - 2. C dried apricots ... itbout stones. - 3. '" of wild-gro....ing l'l'J:,'C-- table Sik., L: - "'_/i ta--gir the pulp uf apricots boiled do""n tn a conJofOtve alld formed into IJ'. - w"....-li • kind of peadl KVH. "" h¥,Hti!f .Yh. hf" l. C. gourd. J"lmpkin. - 'I.. n Ilf '" a place. - 3. (or Iv" fW lyo.l ht,. .jJyi'-pa yiH you a fittle ll)() laLe IIOW /'til.; hili yO-btl n liule !lanting Glr. , i1ili-Hg. I-W"- ..... "'00 \..... l::ud. ;';'''-::(111. a liWe, lJ. /lad C., flfli .. Cilit_::(1(/ fig a pArtinl famine l1/i/.; i-Hit·::(II/._!!li fOC' the 6Ilke of a lrinl'. t1lrough an iniipifkant D::I. J,l\\ 15; some. Lut._ nullfl, of rarc (:.!-41): fllit Il!iit - bar gyilr _IfIU ratller some"bat confounded Glr.; n...-tei!J Jit;,... "mil Mta I see, wiledll'r it will Ilelp., or hM helped, a little lllil.; a little while, a ShOl1 S[13ec of time, i-,;,j-::fICl "'"9 ",/Qil i-ig \\'nit II little (while) Dd. 'nen by II nl'gathe, it ma) either lie trans- lated liS io: HI,; - ::lu! :Ilia M/- ba a liule unwell, unensy etc. .l{il., or lIS in: (Ibail Nfli .. ::ad mill, there is not e\'eo .. slight possiLility _ is no Il0000ibilit)' "t .11 1',1•. I\nd elsewh. 'SC·(t{ ('tin-teQ. also ".... Ii-tell, ;..,.-:;. rrtJH- '" :i, 1I. kind of whitt i'no W, from the {fjlJd. ·i-ttu '" f....id-w du!l he kt'ejls silellce, bolds his peace. t'ICr. in t:u .,;./- pa to devour food - eftlire &4. 142 * cur-n TX*J- cur-ni meal, flour, only in medical NO ' writings. v$" ce numer. figure: 95. -ar .3-ar (I'ar M-*,**-, ze-na (cf. ' <%), inst. of <Vs smrd- na, 'if one says so, asks so' etc., after words literally quoted, frq. (W. *zer-na*). -^ dn jackal. c c-re, cer-re envious, jealous, miff ce-re (cer-gyis Thgr., <VV- te Glr.) ltd - ba to look with an evil or envious eye upon; ce-re Idn-ba dim-sighted, purblind 6s. 33T3TCT cwn-me-ba bright, shining, of polished metal Glr. } cf. Krd-bo. N " cem-tse scissors 6'. n- ceu 1. a small sucking-pipe for drinking ^ the Murva-beer, in which millet grains are swimming Sik. (v. Hook. I., 175). - 2. a clyster-pipe. 5^" cer, v. ce-re. res 1. (L&. ^fff), also *>s and ^s (cf. ciy) SO, thus, in ancient literature regularly placed after words or thoughts that are literally quoted, and so continuing the sentence; the quotation itself is gen. preceded by O di skdd-du, or Q di snydm-du. In later literature ces and the introductory words are often omitted, in col. language always. Inst. of ces smrds-so, ces ysuns- so, so he said, thus he spoke, so has been said or spoken, so it is said, often only ces-so is used, and in like manner ces-pa for ces smrds-pa, this word, this speech; ces-pa-la sogs-pa these and similar words; ces-pa O di yan also the preceding poem (is written by him) ; snyun zes -pa ndd - kyi min yin the word snyun is a term for 'disease' Zam. ; zes(-pa) dan 'such, and', if a quotation is followed by another, where we say 'further', 'moreover' ; ces-pa-la after words have been quoted, which form the subject of further discussion; ces byd-ba, or ces-pa the so called, frq. after names; ces-su rarely for ces. 2. ace. to the usual Sfrrr ' "J" cog-pa spelling and pronunciation (c-tfs, ce) of the Lamas oiLd. it is the ordinary termination of the infinitive in W. (in Pur. and BaL cas., in Kun. ca), though etymologically as yet not accounted for; sometimes used also as a sbst. or adj. i.e. partic. : bsdd- ces killing, bsdd-ces yin it is to be killed ; skye-ccs pregnant, v. skye-ba. "^ co 1. num. fig.: 125. 2. co- dri-ba Lex., 6'., to blame, reproach, slight; to vie with. co-ga, lco-ga Mil. lark (not common in Tibet). * w-9 er (-\ co-ger bzugsGrlr., TF.vulgo: *co-gan dug* he sits motionless. M-to, also co-ti, 6s.: a tuft of hair on the head, thus Lex. : co-toi t'or- cog (= cu-ti?); cf. Ican-lo. cd-ri = cor, can co-ri Lex. (?). c,6-li cu-li. M - lo the prattling or chattering of little children Mil. ; cf. cd-co. "Zrn' cogCs.: a plural-sign; Schr. all (people). ' This, or a similar original meaning of the word is also to be traced in an expression usual in Ld. : cog-mdo a place where three roads meet, v. mdo; cf. also cag. When affixed to a word, it must be preceded by the vowel o, the final con- sonant of the root being at the same time repeated. Affixed to verbs, it seems to convert them into participles: ^ons-so-cog- la Dzl. ?V, 6, to those arrived, to the (persons) arrived, yin-no-cog, yod-do-cog those being, existing (things or persons); 6's.: y ces-so -cog things that are valuable, precious, to a man. "J' cog-cog-pa W. grasshopper, cricket. cog-pa C. to have leisure cog-na yon go if you have leisure, come! *cog- ka* leisure, *dhe-rin cog-ka me'* to-day I have no leisure; *cog-ka jhe* is an affirmative answer, when having been asked for some little service, something like: well, I'll do it. 142 meal, flour, only in medical ...., wnhngs. te numer. figure: 95. &("lU, ;,;-fla tl!!), lOSt. of crs IIlm'u- lIa, 'if one says so, asks so' etc., after words literally quoted, frq. (1V. ":i/·-nu"). h-spy(lJl jackal. er-l't, i·tl'-J'F envious, jealous. , mig ct-1-e(rb'-!l!Jis Thgl'., Nr- Ie Gll'.) ltd - bu to look with an evil OJ' en\;'ous e)'e upon; ct-d ldit-bfl dim-sighted, purblind C8. Um -111(' - bu bright, shining, of polished metal Gil'., d. I:l'u-bo. Um.-tse scissors C. cl'U 1. u small sucking·pipe for drinking ...., the :Murva-beer, in which millet groins are swimming Sik. (\'. /look. I., 175). - 2. a clyster·pipe. ctl', \". ee-rt!. (o(!3 1. (Lu. If"'l'I), also and zes (cf. Ny) so, thus, in Rncient literature regularly placed after words or thoughts thnt nre literally quoted, and so cOlltiauing tbe senteacc; the quotation itsclf is gen. preceded by odi shid-du, or oJi sllyum-dlf. In later literature Us and the introductory words are often omitted, ill col. language always. Inst. of (\(!3 smI'Us-SQ, (on j'8uits- SQ, so be said, thus he spoke, so Ill'S been said or spoken, so it is said, often only ee8-8Q is used, and in like manner «s-pa for CN smI'Us-pa, tbis word, this speech; m-pa-la 8Q{js-pa t\lese and similar words; ces-pa odi '!Jllii also the preceding poe:m (is ""rilten by him); SIl!JU1l zes-pa lldd - /.-!li 11lhi yill the word sllyun is a term for 'disease' 7.am.; zl!s(-zm) dali 'such. and', if a quotation is followed by another, where we say 'further', 'moreo\'er'; m-pa-laaftef words have been quoted, which form the subject of further discussion; ciS byti-ba, or res-pa the so called, frq. after names; rarely for Cell. - 2. acc. t9 the I.!fiual ilii[<r Mg-pa spelling and pronlluciation (elS, l:e) of the Lamas of Ld. it is the ordinary termination of the infiniti\'e in lV. (in Pur. and fIal. cas, in Klfl/. cll), though ctymological\y lIS yet not aCCODnted for; sometimes used also as a sbst. or adj. i. e. partie.: bsUd- Cell killing, bsUd-/-n yill it is to be killed; s/.-yr-tttl pregnant, v. skye-bu. Co 1. num. fig.: 125. - 2. eo·/b·i.bu lA-oF., C" to blame, reproach, slight; to vie with. hJ-ga, 1C6-ya .Mil. lark (not , ';5 common in Tibet). M.g<!r(?), c6-!W bZufl'Glr., lV. vulgo: -('\ 'w-gan dll!!" he sits motionless. i'fif' e6-to, also /-v-ti, Us.: a tuft of hair I on the head, thus Le.r.: M-toi (or- roy (= M-ti!); cf. lell/i-to. (-6-l'i - eol', c(ili eo-d Lu,(?). M-li = elf-li. M- 10 the prattling or chattering of little children _Mil.; ef. ca-eo. eQfjCs.: aplural-sign; Sclll'. all(people). This, or a similar original meaning of tile word is also to be traced in nn expression usual in Ld.: e6[j--mdo a place where three roads meet, v. lIldo; cr. abo cag. When affixed 1-0 a word, it must be preceded by the vowelo, the final con- sonant of tile root being lit the SllIDe time repeated. Affixed to verbs, it seems to con\'crt them into participles: la D::l. ?\\ 6, to those arri\'ed, to the (persons) arri\'ed, !lil/-M-Cog, yQd-do-i'Of/ those being, e:dsting (things or persons); Cs.: reh.8d-eog things that lire \'Rluable, precious, to a man. CdfJ-Co!J-pa Iv. grasshopper, crickel ..q' MfI"pa C. to have leistlre i-dg-na yOli 9f! if you hllV6 leisnre, come! "Mg- ka"leisure, "(llU!-rf/i Mtj-I.:a mc"'to-dny I ha"e no leisure; "t\Qg-l.:a )11(" is au nffirlDati\'e answer, when having been asked for some little service, something like: well, I'll do it. 143 /,;,/-// a sort of small tent < *. * coy-fa', v. *$J" coy-la-ma a mineral (?) Mcd. ^r* C0n 1. Lex. a musical instrument, Sc/u: : a bell. 2. 37/7: coit-la skyur- ba to push one down a precipice in order to kill him (the only meaning the context here will admit); cf. tson-doh. 3. v. ycoii. 3fr'S;* con - ci a small bowl or dish Sch. ; v. can-ce. * con -con jagged, indented, serrated. '&T con-mo, col. for Icuii-mo. con-ba, Pth.: nu-Jbod coh-ba ace. to the context: to raise loud la- mentations, waitings (at funerals); perh. etymologically connected with co-nes. Cf. fcoh-skad. con-zi cun-zo. con-ron, perh. = coii-coii, Mil. coii- roit tser-ma. <'<></-/ >d n, JTcF^, ornament for the head, worn by kings, tiara, diadem, crown; the crest of gallinaceous birds. " cob-ddr Ld.-Glr., Sc/d. p. 29, a (?). cor-ydii, cor-ciy a mouth- ful. a gulp, a little *//.: cf. co-re. col-cuii Thgy. childish prattle or babbling. ycdys-pa 1. to apprehend, to grasp (with the understanding), to impress, gen. with yid-la, on the mind, e.g. the doctrine Dzl. ; also bka nan-yea;/* cen-po yndn-ba to give a thoroughly solid, impressive instruction; ycdys-po byed-pa - fcdgs-pa; with additional force: *do cdy- po )he'-pa* C. to impress (to one's mind) as firm as a rock. - - 2. relative to per- sons it is synon. to cdys-pa to love. yc('dt-po, W. *sdri-po* clever; lively, sprightly; W. also attentive to, re- gardful of; ycdit - po <///'/ it, -po clever and sagacious Mil., ycai,-! ,-,', l,/,i,i-j>,i id. Jf/,. ; hence also yca/t sbst. sagacity, cleverness; l-o-ycdit clever words, clever spoe< h ' cf. also Ka-sbydh ; W. : **a// co-i-i* t/> watch for; to keep guard, to watch; **aii-Hg &f- cc* to be very attentive, to li-t-n with fixed attention, */i-nV/-/v/', ('. "id /-////- c{'U* very attentive; W.: *HCIH kul-w* 1. to exhort, admonish 2. to wake, to rouse from sleep; *ods-.s/ .>///;>-*//// td/i-h* to give religious exhortations, to hold parenetic lectures. fcdd-pa, v. fcdd-pa. 3^* ycanr^zdn frq. beast of prey, ^ ^. /<?/', but more in a systematic sense, so that the cat, and even the dog may be included; Glr. po. ycan- (f)zdn fa- ma 'the last of the beasts of prey', the cat. _.._. ycdm-bu Cx. humbleness, servility, ' flattery, Sch. also untruth, lie ; fcdm- bui iiag, or tsiy a servile speech; ycdm- bu smrd-ba to speak submissively Stg. (not much used). fcdr-ba 1. Sc/t.: cut out put out knocked out, e.g. ////</ an eye (cf. bcai'-ba. - - 2. Mil. > __^.._. ycal - bd, ;-ctil - tin bkrdm -pa to spread, display, lay out e.g. precious stones, jewels, on a table, on the ground, Glr., also L<:r. -ba 1. vb. v. ycid-pa. 2. sbst. ycin; bxait yci both kinds of alvine discharges. I):/. ycig, num. one; ycly kyaii even but one; one and the same, <//* ycig-tu at the same time (whereas </M.< ciy-na once, one day, which however is also written <ln* r<Vv-) : /<''// bynl-pa to unite (vb. n.), to join (in an act), to act in concert: >"K > . alone; dear, beloved, yalt yciy ilear father! Glr. : sin - tit yd ii it - bai ma ; ci>i my own (only) beloved mother! somebody, some one !>:/.. / < /y . . . )'<'</ the one the other, somebody or other, very frq. : ycig-yis j I yciy-ta yciy etc. one another, each other frq. ; mi-fciy < '. differing, different. Mt,rbtt a tori of small tent l.•. CdfI-tu. v. Iiog-w. Cdv-la-ma • mineral (?) Mfd. Co. J. Lu. Il. imotrument, hr.: • bell. - 2. Mil: ;.oli-Ia .lywr_ 6a to I,ush one do,", • in order to kill llim (the only IDeaning the context here ."iI! admit); d. IM/1Iot/O;'. - 3. v. r;.o,;. M,; - n a small bowl or dish &h.; Y. can-h. -- ... jagged, indented, serrated. roiHn<J, col. for li:U,i-IIIQ. Pth.: ,ill-/xid llM_ba Me. to the conted: to rnise loud lll- menlAtions, wnilioKS (at funerals); perh. etymologically connected with ClNin. cr. TMol-d<u:I. ". ,. .. .• -l1 .VI.-_I - i:o,;-ro", perb. _ oo,;-ron. JIil. Co,;- rOn 1Mr'-'lfju. roJ-pdn, ,-,z. ornnment for tbe Ilead, worn by kings., tiara, diadem, Q"(Iwn; the cmt of birds. t6lJ....Mr Ld.-Glr., &111. p. 29, a(?). , """'1 a gulp, a little &II.; d. ro-rl. Col-n,;. 17tg!J. cbildish prattle or babb"ng. fM!!, - pa 1, to apprehend, to graap (with the understAnding), to imprus, gen. with yid-iQ, on the mind, e.g. the doctrine D::l.; also ;rhl-po )'lIIitl·1Hl to gi\'e n thoroughly 1lOlid, impressive rcd[p-l'o byM-JlI'- ri-d9'-l)(l; with additionfll forcc: "do 1l() )J.f-]Ju- C. to impress (to one's mind) liS firm IlS II rock. - 2. rell\li"e to per- sons it is synon. to Mga-Prf 10 rove. rid,,-po, W. -.IiiI-po- t:lt'ler; lively, sprightly; also attentive to, reo !tVfl'ul 01; }'M" - IN> driti 10 dner and a&gIicious AliI., }"lait-l.fr." t.l6","pn id. 1'tIr.; hence illso llbsl u.gacit" cLeteme.: CI.-}"h}i< t:I"'er ....ords, duer cr. also fa#i1; IV.: td-«' to ...teL for; to ktoep guard, to watch; NJ- «' to be very lluenti,e, to with fixed alfcntion, -8di-rig-Cm,", l: ohJj,-rig- Yery .ttenti,ei 11(: -.ian aki,J-«- I, to .dmonish 2. to ",·.ke, 10 roue from sleep: -oo.-.t. "'".....'" to gi,e n-ligious exhorutions, \0 hold pal"ftlelie Ie<:tures. v. -9" fCtm-(r):t/n frq. beast l.at. fl'ra, but Illore In • !<ystematie sense, so tUilt the Cflt., and even the dog mllY be inc1udoo; Glr. po. rl"n- (f)zdn fa-ilia 'lhe last of the beasts of prey', the Cllt. (k. humblenus, servility, flattery, &h. also untruth, Itt; rCd- bui ;,ug, or lJig a Rrvile spucl.; }'U... bu. ,,,,rd-lJa to speak subllli ively Sig. (not much used). =iJ\F'.::r r iYlr - ba I, &h.: cut out, put out, knocked out, e.g...;y an eye (c£. bfflr.oo.. - 2. NiL! ::rrr..r.::r r MI - 00, Tnil dtt UTt"" - pc .. spn!ad, display. lay oot e.g. preciolU 'loues, je""els, on .. table, on the ground. Glr., also l..-u. rCi-ba I. vb. V. }'iitl-t",. - 2. SML - fnlt; bit." Tn both kinds of alvine dischnrges. Dd. f 89, nUIII. one; /ryf.,:, even but onc; one and the same, d.... re;y-tM nt the SAllie time (wherens once, onc dfly, whidl ho.....o'·er is ",1"0 ....ritlen dl<5 fC;'-1,"); rCi!J bgM-pa t.o uuite (,·b. n.), to joiu (in un flct), to IIct iu concert: sole, alone; dear, bolol·ed, !lah lieu fllothl'r! GI,·.: itn - tu J'lfit.it -/x,i "''' r8!J m)" 0.,,'11 (oDI)·) beloved motber! 8Omebodr, ;;Ollie ODe lJ:L, Tn.)· .. rNt.! the ODe - the olb('r, somebody or olher, H':ry frq.: /ci:J-'.ti- rCit;. rHy-fa rCi!J eU'. ODe another, nt:1I oliler ftll.: ,...,iig (,: differing, lifferlftl "J" ycid-pa 144 Comp. and deriv. ycig-ka single, only, opp. to several, Mil. ycig-car, pay-car \. car. -- ycig-cig, pronounced *cig-cig*, a certain, some one, /<; TLC, slob -ma-las ycig-cig Dzl. ; bud-med ya'g-cig Dzl. 3VXC, 5 (where Sch. has cig-ycig erron.); ycig-ycig, pronounced *cig-cig*, 1. one at a time; separately, alone, esp. W.>, 2. of the same kind, not different W. (v. Fouc. Gram. p. 21. 42), 3. adv. by one's self, only, solaly W. - ycig-cog all-sufficient Glr. -- fcig-nyid Cs. 'unity' (?) ycig-tu 1. into one, into one body, together, -fcig-tu sdu-ba to unite e.g. six countries, Dzl. ; to contract, to simplify 6. 2. at once, wholly, altogether Dzl. %%, 3; 3. firstly, in the first place, ya'g-tu-ni; then follows ynyis-su-ni etc. Dzl. 4. only, solely Thgy. ycig-du unity and plurality, ycig-du-brdl not having these two qualities Was. (308). ycig-pa 1. the first Wdn. (little used). 2. having etc, one, cf. dgu. 3. of one kind, not different or manifold, mi- ya'g-pa different B. and C. ycig-pu (also ycig-bu?} alone, single, ycig-pus mi ston fab -pa to be able to cope alone with a thousand men Dzl.; ybig -pur lus-pa to remain alone behind Glr.-, only, sole, bu ycig-pu the only son, frq. -- ycig-po 1. alone, rgydl-po ycig-po skyes-pa yin the king alone is a man, Dzl. 2. being one, or the one, ma ynyis-la skyes-pai bu ycig- po thou (being the) one son of two mothers, viz. claimed by two, Glr. 3. Pur. the One - the other. -- fcig-sds the other, when speaking of two. ycid-pa, also yci-ba, pf. ym, fut. yci} imp. ycis, to make water, to piss. ycin urine, ycin y ad-pa, or yci-ba, W. tdri-ce, to make water; ycin sor urine is discharged involuntarily; ycin- rkydg, both discharges, vulg. ; ycin-Qgdg the retention of urine Med.; ycin-snyi gonorrhoea, clap(?) Med. yciu 1. clyster -pipe = ceu; yci-ui sman clyster Lex. 2. clyster^ Cs. ' ycil-ba to spoil, to destroy Sch. " fcer-bu yM-ba, Icu-ba, v. ycud-pa; you or lcu- K6r 6s., ycu-skor W., ycus-bu Ts., screw. ycu-ti v. m-fo'. ycu-doh screw-box 6s. " ycu-gdl importance, 6s. yciigs -pa, prob. not different from ycdgs-pa. The word oc- curs in\yid(-la) ycugs(-pa) beloved, a friend Dzl. ; mdza - yciigs byed-pa to treat ami- cably Wdn.; Kon-fciigs having conceived a hatred Lex. ycuit-po, resp. a younger brother. ycud? ycud-(ld) Jbor^-ba^) Lexx. w.e. ; Sch.: to forsake, to cast out, to re- ject; (cog. to cud-zdn?) >, lcud-pa, pf. ycus, s,fut. ycu,lcu, imp. yews (?) to turn, turn round, twist, twine, plait, braid; *c-wc? fo<7 tdn-ce* W. to untwist, untwine a rope; *ms ^ww tdh-te nol dug* W. they wrestle and scuffle (prop, they fight scuff- ling); *sen cus gydb-ce* W. to press and bore with the knuckle; *cus-spu* a low expression for the hair; lag-pa ycus Zam.f ^n^'^J" ycun-pa, secondary form of ^jun- ks ' pa, L,exx. : rtsdd-nas ycun-pa, prob. to subdue completely; ycur-zih ycun-pa prob. to beat or press a thing until it is soft. cn-rx-n' ycur-ba, secondary form of ^jur- N3 ba; ycur-pe Ld. a coarse sort of vermicelli. . yi-e-ba to esteem, to hold dear, to love Sch. ycen (Cs. ycen-po) resp. 6s.: one's elder brother Dzl ??-S, 11; ace. to Zam.: first-born son. "^" ycer-ba v. bcer-ba. ycer-bu naked, col., also Mil. ; ycer- nydl id.; Kun.: *cer-gog*; resp. sku ycer-bu; yber-bu-rnams Ogdbs-par byed- pa yin-pa being one that covers the naked Stg.; ycer-bur Jbyin-pa to make naked, to strip Pth.', ycer-bu byun-ba, W. *cer-nydl fon-ce* to show one's self naked; ycer- '44 Compo and deriv. fHg-J.:a single, only, opp. to several, Mil. - rag-car, tHg-car v. car. - rtig-lig, pronounced a certain, some one, glOb-mo.-lug J'Hg-l1g D::l.; ),t'i!J-Ng D::L 5 (where Seh. has Cig-)'cifJ erroD.); rCig-j"f:ig, pronounced *Ny-Ny*, l. one at a time; separately, alone, esp. lv'; 2. of the same kind, not different W. (v. p()Ilc. Gmtl/, p. il. 42), 3. lIdv. by one's sel" only, folely IV. - rNg-'Mg all-sufficient GIl'. - rt/f! -uyid (,'8. 'llnity'(?) - rNy-tu I. into one, into one budy, together, riiy.tu wu-ba to unito e.g. six countries, D::l.; to cOlltraet, to simplify C. 2. at once, wholly, altogether D::l. 3; :L l1rstly, in tlte first pill co, rag - fu - 1/1; tileD follows J'1IY(8-su-ni etc. Dd, 4. only, '1'II9!!_ - rNg-l1ft, unity and plurnlity, yNg-du-brdl not Imving tliese two qualities JV«s. (308). fNy-pa I. the first Wdli. (little used). 2. having etc. one, cf. dyu. 3. of one kind, not different or mrmifold, mi- )'l:ig-pa ilifferent B. nnd G. - rag-pit (/llso ; i:iy • bur) alone, single, 'lay _pus ml 8wli ((dl - pa to be nble to cope alooe with a thollsand men Dz{.; 'lciy- pur {'f8 - pa to remain nlone behind Gll'.; only, sole, 1m ),Cly-pu the only son, frq. - )'i:iy - po I. alone, l'flyal-po "lNy - po MyCIJ - pa yin the king alone is n man, D:::l. 2. being one, oj' the 00l', ma "('/yi3-la d'gb-pa!: bu rCiy- po thou (being the) ODe son of two mothers, viz. claimed by two, Gil'. 3. PUI'. tbe one - the other, - rCiy-if68 the other, when speaking of two. ..q' feid-pa, also rei-bu, pf. reu, fut, )'8, imp. rei8, to mnke water, to piss. rein urine, rein rNd-pa, or rN-bu, w. tali-ee, w m/lke water; (/:in urine is rlischnrged involuntarily; ;'cin- ,·J.:ydg, both discharges, "ulg.; fein -o!Jdy tbe retention of miue Me<!.; r/:in - my; gonorrboea, clap(?) Ne<l. fellt 1. clyster. pipe ... eeu; )'Ci - ui ...", 811wn clyster l,u, - 2. rHl.ba to spoil, to destroY &1,. ., t1J o '::r, JW.::r rbi-ba, [({t.lm, v. rbid-pa; '"' )'Cu or lcu-orlll' (':'., 'lCu-skIJl' lV., rcu8-bu 1'3., screw. - ;,Cit-ti v. eu-ti. - reu-dO/j screw-box Cs. r'''U-ydl importance, rr,ifP - pa, prob. not rlifferent "., from j'cdfjlf-p«. The word oc- curs in: fJid(-la) 'lclIfI8(-p«) beloved, a friend D::l,; 111,[:;1.1 - ycufl8 b!Jill- pa to ll'ent ami- cably Wdll.; fOll-rcYY8 hu\'ing concei\'ed l\ Imtrea Le.J:. rCltli-po, reSII. a younger brother. trio-=-,- ,Cud! ri:ud·(la) ix)/'(-lxt) Leu. w.e.; t,,;, &1,.: to forsake, to cast out, to re- ject; (cog. to :n\SZ::::' a,l-·.q- ,Md-pa, li:itd-pa, llf. fbl8, "., l' li118,fut.i'Cu,h"U,imp.rb18 cn to turn, turn rouod, twist, twine, plait, braid; -hid log to.li-U· II': to untwist, ulltwine a rOlle; -b.u zum Mil- Ie no! dtl:! Iv. they wrestle and scuffle (prop. they figbt scuff- ling); -8':11 t'l/S yydb-i:c° W. to press uud bore with the huckle; ·CU8-8pt? a low expression for the !Lair; l«g-pa rh18 Zalll.! ,<:tin_pa, secondary form of J!ill- "" pa, Le.N.: I'tsdd-nag rcu'/-l)l.l, prob. to subdue completely; 'lMr -l:bi rCU11-/)I.l prob. to bent or press a thing until it is soft. ;tcUI'-bu, secondary fOl'm of .,jUI'- '" ba; rhil'-11e IA. a coarse sorl. of vermicelli. rre-ba to esteem, to hold dear, to love '1 &It. 'lrcn (C'I. rcen. po) resp. C8,: one's -1"'1 elder brother D;l, 'JJ..s, I J; ace. to Zam.: fil'l;t-bom son. i'M..ba \'. lxVr-ba. nake,d, col.; also ,ca- nyal Id.; Run.: eer-yrJ-/, resp, skit fUr-1m; rUI'-lm-I'71alllS c1Jrilts-par byM- pa yfn-pa being one that covers lite nnkea Big.; rM..bur ob!Jin-pa wmake naked, to strip Ptk; ,rer-bu b!l'ili-ba, w: ·cer-nydl fdn-ee" to show one's self uaked; ,Ur- ; , 145 in. ii;'r-/ii/n/-n/l.iin Mil. (-S.s/-. nir;/rn/t- ilin a nuked niun, gymnosoj)hist; cos-xku i/tt<>/<-<lii 1/riif-bnx having been deliver- ed so la r as t<> see the cm-sku (v. sktt) mi \riled Glr. /<Y.s-/< (/.//. *tti : -jHi-*) dear, belov- ed, ... liar yirs-na yait although In- is to me as dear as ... Glr.; ited-kyi mi '/trs-fid a man dear to us, our beloved, our darling Mil. ; fl-es-ma a favourite, sweet- heart Cs.; j-ces-pruy dear child A///.; ex- cellent, precious, valuable, sm-tu fces-pai lint the five important letters (viz. the pre- fixed letters) Glr.', ties-pa yces it is of im- portance to know Med.; often as super- lative: jiy rtin O di-na yci's-pa rah-srog yin the dearest thing in the world is one's own life l*th. ; yces-par l>i/nl-i>a Sty., O dzin- }>(t Glr. c. accus , W.: *se-pa co-ce* gen. with the dat., to hold dear, to love, to esteem, persons or things, but not appli- cable to the deeper affections of the heart. yces-bsdiis Lex. w.e. ; j'ces-btiis Cs. choice pieces (out of books). Sfy.; ycon-ron a narrow pMMge, a d-lil Cs. -- 2. from yi. to get faint, languid, wearied in mind, C. ' ycon-zi, \. ;-<m-zi. *cdy-ce*, imp. *coy* trs. to Qcdy- pa, to break, dum-bur to pieces; to break off, or asunder; to smash, a glass; to crack, nuts; to burst; split, blast, a gun, a rock; fig. : to break, to violate, a promise, a vow, a law etc. frq., ydb-kyi bka bcdy-tu med the word of my father may not be violated (by me) Glr. pf' ycot'i, ycon-nrid, consump- ' ' tion, phthisis, ycon-ccn dmu-cu prob. dropsy in the chest or in the pericardium Med.; gen. any chronic disease * con-la fsn' ma son-t'iam* C. it has not taken a chronic turn, has it? also fig.: *sem c6n-po duo* C. the heart is sick, af- flicted. ycon-skad Lex., Sch. : lamentations, waitings , plaintive voices , cf. *n* rcdn-ba, 1. pf. bisons, to excavate, wash out, undermine through the action of water, tur-du ycoii-bar mi yyur- rn they are not undermined (by the water) Z7|($r'j' )'<-<'I-/KI. pf. In-itil. Int. ;<"W, imp. cod, W. /Ytt/.r^, imp. *,W 1. to cut, , cdd-byaycod-iKi *,i-nn<la secure Gr to cut asunder, l, : <nn-fx,nl-tlu into small bite; to CUt Off, Chop Off, the hands; to Cut down. to fell, trees ; to cut out, the tongue Dzl. ; to rend asunder, to break, a thread, a rope, chains, fetters. -- 2. to cut off fig.: CM, the water, by damming it out, frq.; to reduce, the wages; to cure, a disease: to suppress, a passion; to discontinue, to give up, :"//, zas, eating i.e. to abstain from food, to fast; sroy, to kill, to murder, frq.; to Stop a thing in its origin, to obviate. prevent, avert; to avoid: to lock, the door, frq. ; . . . kyi, or la, bdr-du ) cod-pa to throw obstacles in a person's way, to hinder, impede, frq. ; sroy-la bdr-du ycod-pa de-dag all these life -endangering beings Glr.; (for more examples refer to bar'); to sfop, to make a pause, in reading, sad yon - na drdy-pot' bcdd-pa making a marked stop, when there is a shad, Gram. ; rnam(-par') ycod(-pa), or bcad(-pa\ section, paragraph ; stop, pause; yotis-ycod id. Gram.; fo de- cide, ces bead -do thus he decided D:l. ; fcrims, or (Dzl.} zal-ce, to pass sentence or judgment; to judge, condemn, cf. also fdy-ycod-pa. -- 3. to cross (little usi-d), cu-bo yru-yis a river in a boat Glr. 4. rjcs ycod-pa to follow the track, used both of men and dogs; *mdr-dzi* (to follow) the smell of butter (viz. of roast-meat), *kyur-dzi co'-pa* C. to follow the souri>h smell (viz. the smell of beer); (;>/- (also tx<n- /'///.) }dod-pa to search into, to in- vestigate, to examine or study thoroughly Ld.-Glr. Schl. p. 20, b. - - cdd-pa* fcM- pa and other phrases v. under the re- spective noun. - *co-tdii* ( '. the Tibetan rupee, having lines (radii) of division mark- ed, by which they may be cut into smal- ler pieces. Note: In some phrases the 10 !m-p(J, ri:,Jr-lI!1f1I."J,'an MiL. (&k. "j'Y'·tm- 11m u naked !llllU, gYlliooiKlllllistj lII(thi-du !lrOl.lm, Illlving lIeeo deliver- ed fur "s to the co,-'(ll (Y. d'U) um'dled Gil'. tN.-pa (Lh. ·U-1'tt-·) dear, belov· ed, ... ita" )'N,-,I(I. yUl' nlthough Ill, is to me dellr :\5 . " Glt'.; itb.l-J..'!Ji mj rN'-IJa II lOun dear to us, our lJe!o\'ed, our darling Mil.; rH,-mu l\ favourite,sweet- heArt l.•. ; -{nitg denr child Mil.; ex- &ellent, precious, valuable, Jill-Iu rCt'-pai lim the five importullt letters (viz. the l'te- fixed letlers) Gir.; $I,-pa )'m it is of inl- portnoce to know .Mtd.; oftcn ItS sUller- Inti\'e: ,Jjg rlht ili-1lU )'h f 8_pa ra,i.,'-0:7 yin the denrest thing in the world ill one's own life l't/I.; rO:'-1'«l' byM-pu Stg" otl::in- pa GIl'. c. ACCUS, W.: ·ie-pa co.ct!' gen. with the dllt., to hold denr, to lo\'e, to persons or things, but oot Ilppli- cable to the rleeper "ffectionll of the hellft. -lCC,..bt.tili, Lu, w.e.; rea-blif8 choice pieces (oot of books). rhJg-pa, pf. beug, inlp. C'ov(,), W: ·cQg-i·e-, imp. •Coy. trs. to ili!!- pa, to break, dum·btll' to pieces; to break off, or asunder; to smash, 1\ glnss; to crack, nuts; to burst; split. blast, 1\ gun, a. rock; fig.: 10 break, to violate, Il promise, II. \'OW, a law etc. frq., !/db-J..yi bJ..·u bCdg-fu med tile word of my Cather may !lot be \'iolnted (by me) GIl'. :fJ&: ri'f),i, rioli-ndJ, consump· , tion, phlhisis, r''o" - cell (Imti_ C11 prob. drops)' in the chest or in the pericllrdium Metl..; geo. :m)' chronic disease 11m lJO,i-utl11l· C. it hllS 1I0t tllken a chronic turn, hilS it? ulso fig.: ·senl MJi-po dl/{I· C. ,be is sick, uf- Jlicted. tM,l.,J,:all LC.r'.,Sch.: lamentations, wailings, plainlive voi&es, cf, rMil-ba. r Mu - lHl 1. pc. wo,i', to excavate, wash out, undermine through lhe nction of witter, (""-d1l reo,i-bal' 1/Ii !/!pi," 1'0 tlley are liOt undermined (b)' the wll.k:r) St{j.; ,fOlI-ro/l " Ilarrow J........ge, .. defile C,. - 2. from reo,i, 10 !Jet llint. languid, wearied io miod, C. .... ri'O,i-:(, V. <'0,.8. ri:6d-jHJ, p£. b(:wl, fut. fctld, imp. (od, W: ·M<l-ce-, imp. •Cod" L to cut. ; i:lid-b!Ju r<'-&I-]'<I ,«mltla (hom".; to clli asunder, £rlll,-If{lti-du into liman to cut off, chop off, die hnllds; to cut down, to fell, tn.'CS; to cut out, the wngue D:I.; 10 rend asunder, to break, 1\ tilread, a rope, chnins, fetters, - 2. to cut off fig.: Cu, the water, by dnmmillg it out, Irq.; 10 reduce, the wnges; to cure, l\ llilletlSe; to suppress, n. pilssion; to discontinue, to give up, zan, :a8, eating i.e. to nbstAin from foot!, to £'\st; $''0[1, to kill, to murdcr, frq.; to stop", thing in its origin, to obviate, prevenl, avert; to avoid; 10 lock, the door, frll' ; ... J.y£, or la, bd,..du Jj'dd-pa to tllt"Ow obstn.clcs in Il person's wny, to hinder, impede, frq.; 81*,-Ia bdl'.Jll ,Md./Ja di-fl/l{j all these life·endnngcrillg beings Glr.; (for more el:nmplcs to bar); 10 stop, to make a. pnuse, in rending, itld yon - na d"dy-pOl' bt'dd-pa milking II marked itop, when tlJere is 1\ 8Awl, Gl'tlm.; rnaJII(-ptlr) rl-dd(-pa), or hemI(-Jm), section, pllragrnph j stop, pausc; yo,i'·re,jd id. Gmlll.; 10 de· cide. fe8 bCtid - .10 thus he dedded D:l.; "rjm8, or (Dzl.) :al-U, to pMS sentenCil or judgment; to judge, condemn, cf. nlsa {dg-ri:od-ptl. - 3, to cross (little us..-u), m-bo g"i-yi, II rh'er in n bont GIl'. - -(. Ije! trod-pu to follow tlJe trock, used both of men nnd dogs; ·ma,·-tl:I" (to folio",) the smell of butter (viI:. of roost-mCAt), ·J..'!Ju....d:i i:Jf-ptl· C. to foUow the lOurish smcll (viz. the smell of lIeer); (r"}lcir- (also ('tl/' PIA,) }rod-/Xt to sellrch into, to in_ ve5tigl\te, to uRmine or study thoroughl), Lll.-GII'. ScM. p. 20, b. - ctill-ptu }\'-dd- prt nnd other v. lluder the re- spective IJoun. - ·"'!I'_l,in· C. the Tibetan rupee, IHI\,jllg IinCIl (1'I1(/il) of division IOU!.:- erl, lIy which tbcy Ilia)' be cu\ into 8mal- . .,.- Nute: In $OUle pbrues the 10 146 ycom ' bcu spelling of ycod-pa and the assonant verbs spyod-pa and dpyod-pa is variable. ^com -> P ride ' haugnt'- , arrogance, bskyun -ba to put it off, give it up Lexx.\ bcom cun- iius Tar. 20, 6 despondingly, low-spirited ; gros-ycom Lex. obs. or prov. for gros-bcdm, v. O cdm-pa. ycor-ba to spread, scatter, disperse Cs. " bcdg-pa v. ycog-pa and O cdy-pa. bean? Sch.: i bcan-rgya-cen-po com- prising much, comprehensive, very extensive; bcan-rgydr mdzad-pa resp. to apply one's self, to bestow pains upon'. bcdd-ka W. a whole that has been cut into, or a piece cut off. 'ZT bcdd-po W. something old, torn, worn out. J" bcdb-pa v. O cab-pa. r bcam-bcom Sch. : trivial things, medley, hodge-podge. * bcd-sga v. saa. * bcd-ba 1. v. cd-ba. 2. sbst. drink- ing ; gen. used connected with bza- ba; bcd-ba dan bzd-ba } or bza-bca food and drink. bca- prdn Mil, declivity, pre- cipice Sch. bca-mdg, the usual pronunciation of Icags-mag. * bcdr-ba 1. bcir-ba to squeeze, to press in a press Thgy.; to crowd, to throng, *ydr-la bear* C., stand (or sit) more closely together ! 2. to pull or force from, to wrest 6s. --3. Lexx.: mig bcdr- ba the same as in ycar-mig (?). 4. Sch. : logs bcdr-ba to prop sideways. 5. Sch. : bear bzugs-pa to have a permanent resi- dence (this would however be more cor- rectly expressed by car). --6. bcdr-bai rta- bcibs, and lan-bcdr? Lexx. w.e. r bcdl-ba v. )dl-ba. beds-pa 1 . originally pf. of O cd-ba, little used. 2. adj. together with, connected with, having, possessing, containing a thing, with dan or termin. (the latter in prose only when a second dan, signifying 'and', occurs in the sentence); gerundially: bcds-te, sometimes also beds-pas or 6cds- sin', adverbially: bcds-su frq. ; Jcor dan beds -pa (-fe, -m) with attendance, with a retinue or suite, frq.; bu-mo bcu bod-blon dan beds-pas skor-te surrounded by ten vir- gins together with the Tibetan ambassa- dors Glr.~ btsun-mo dan srds-su beds-te with (his) wife and son Glr. ; gos daii bcds- su (to go into the water) having one's clothes on Dzl. ; zal Odzum-pa dan bcds-te with a smiling face Glr.\ ser-sna dan beds- pa infected with, subject to, avarice; with- out dan or termin. (esp. po.); O ferul-bcas infatuated, fascinated Pfh. ; Jbru-fdn fun bcas together with a small parcel of Du- tan tea; it is also, like mams, a collective sign, used in enumerations, referring to several nouns, Wdh., or like la-sogs-pa and other (things), and more (sucli things), and the like : rgyags dan bcas bskydl - lo provisions and other necessaries we shall supply Mil. 'T bcin-ba, fut. of O cin-ba to bind. bcins-pa, pf. of O cin-ba to bind. Both verbs (bein-ba and bcins- pa) are also used as substantives: bonds, fetters, whether of a material, spiritual, or magical nature. -.).,. bcib(s}-pa v. O eib-pa; Sch. also: carriage, conveyance. J* bcir-ba v. cir-ba. !f" bcil-ba v. jil-ba. q T- bcu (Bal. *wcu*) ten, bcu fam-pa id. ; bcu-prag a decade; bcu-ycig, bcu-fnyis (Bal. *wcu - nas*) eleven, twelve etc., (v. also bco); bcu-pa, bcu-po as in dgu-pa, dgu- po. -- bcu-skor Ofon, bcu-gyur O fon (the field) yields a tenfold crop. - *cu-Ka, cu-Kai tal* G 1 ., *cu-Kdg* W., tithe, tithes; bcu-Kdg-pa a collector of tithes, bcu-Kag Odon-pa to tithe, to decimate Cs. -- bcu- dpon corporal, Lat. decurio, bcu-^og (*cu- 140 spclling of rWd-pa tlnd the aSSOD:\Dl verbs spyoo-pa and dpydtl.pa is variable. .:f]Mr room, brom, pride, haughti- , ness, arrogance, bJ.:yu'i-ba to put it off, give it up JA:J,z.; bi:<ml (wi- lius Tar. 20, 6 despondingly, low-spirited; yt'<»'rC6m Le:z. obs. or provo for y/'OS.bCdm, v. ocrim--pa. to spread, scatter, disperse Co. IXd£I-pa v. )'My-pa nnd ocay-pa. .:::f\St::' Mali' &h.: 'bCall-ryya-cen-po com- ... prising much, comprehcnsi\-c, very extensive; md::ad-pa resp. to apply one's self, to best.ow pains upon'. bcdd,-ka lV. a that has been cut mto, or n plcce cut off. .qM:'q bead-po W: something old, lorn, - 1 worn out bCdb-pa v. ocah-pa. heam·bMm Sell.: trivial things, medley, hodg:o-podge. .:::f\SQ;Sr bca..flgG v. sga. =::jiSQ'.:r bM-ba 1. v. cd-ba.- 2. sbst. drink- ing; gen. used connected witli b::a.- baj bCd-ba da,j b::d-ba, or f.n:a-lXa food and drink. W:a.-,;ftrdli MiL, declivity, pre- cIpIce Seh. .q3R;;.J=f[ bCa-mdg, the usual pronunciation of .q\5=':.q' bCdJ'-Qa 1. - bi:ir-ba to squeeze, to press in 1I press T"gy.; to crowd, to throng, "gar-la bCar'* C., stand (or sit) more closely together! - 2. to pull or forte from, to wrest O. - 3. Lu.r.: mig bed,.. ba the snme as in rear-mig 0'). - 4. Seh.: logs b(;dr-ba to prop sideways. - 5. Sell.: bear bzitgs-pa to ha\'e a permanent resi- dence (this would however be more cor- rectly expressed by car), - 6. bCdr-bai "ta- bi:ibs, and lan-bear'! Lea. w.e. bcaI-&l v. bCcb-pa I. originally pf. of id..oo, little used. - 2. adj. together with, Di I connected with, having, possessing, containing u thing, witb dali 01" termin. (the latter in prose only when a. second du-i, signifying 'and', oc<:un; in the sent.ence); gerulldially: bMs-fe, sometimes also bCriJ-pcu or beds- iii;; adverbially: b(:ds-su feq.; oEor dan beds-pa(-fe, -su) with attendallco, with a retinue Or suite, frq.; bu-mo bCu bod-6ldn dail bCds-ptu 3l..v,'-te surrounded by ten \'ir_ gins togetber witb the Tibetan lImbftSS!l· dOrs Glr.; btalin - fila dan vds-su bi:ds-Ui witb (his) wife and SOD Gll'.; rJO$ dwi bed$- su (to go jnto the water) having one's clothes on Dzl.; za1 odzllm-pa (Ian bCds-w with It smiling face Glr.; Ur-sna dwi bed$- pa infected with, subject. to, avnrice; with- out dllii or termin. (esp. po.); o'b-/d.!Xa3 infatuated, fascinated }Jth.; obru-fwi (1m bi:cu together with a small pareel of Du- tan tea; it is also, like l'1lall/#, a collective sign, used io eoumeratioDs, referriog to se\'eral nouns, IVdli., or like la-3Ofj3-pa am] other (things), and more (such tJiings), and the like: r!J1JO{!s dan bCfU bskydl-Io provisions aDd other necessaries we sunIl supply Mil. • .::::jiSt:;·.q· fut. of oCl',i-ba to bind. lx.,·its-pa, pf. of ocjn-ba to bind. Both verbs (b?:in-ba and beiits· pa) are also used as substantives: bonds, leUen, whether of a material, spiritual, Or magical nature. v. oCib-paj Sck also: carnage, conveyance. • b?:ir-ba v. oal·oba. • bCiloba \'. Jil-bll. .q-U' beu (Bal. "1toCu") ten, btu (am-pa id.; bCu.pl"ag a decade; bi:u-yCig, !xu-mgts (Bal. -lcCu rifU") ele\·en, twelve etc., (v. also bCo); qai-pa, bM-poasindgu-pa,d!Jllo po. - bi:u·31·Qr ..(on, bc,,-gyilr of<m (tbe field) yields a. tenfold crop. - ·CU· /.!a, c,i-Kai tal- G" •tu-Itdt/ W., tithe., tithes; lXu.JCdg-pa a collector of titbes, bCu-KO{! oddn-pa to tithe, to decimate 0. - bCit- llpdn corporal, Lat. decw;o, bClI-<o, (-Ct!- 147 way* 7k) a band of ten soldiers. b!-n- ig-bul the eleven-faced (Awalokiteswara) ' bcu-ba v. fu-ba. jug-pa. s, from the phrases : sems K6n- med-pa daii IH-I'KJ* 'incd-pa dan ynod-pa med-pa Sty., and Prat/ihQrya Am- (v. .Ftw) p. 3: Iha-byfa-gyu blttys * it appears, that bcugs signifies hatred, hostility, damage, loss, which when compared with fcugs seems rather strange, yet is in accordance xv ' tn Wfarai (f r this must probably be read inst. of - bhul (x^r) moisture, juice, sap, but gen. combined with the notion of a certain inherent virtue or power; zld-bai b<iid a fructifying moisture, to be compar- ed in its effects to the warmth of the sun, and prob. means night-dew (if after all it is any thing real); hence essence, nutri- ment , rkdn - gis bcud Ogyur nourishment comes from the marrow Med.; bcud-la sow, Mil. also bcud-la bor, (this food) has prov- ed a nutritious fluid, it agrees with him; bcud -can nutritious, succulent, of grass, food etc.; bcud- med not nutritious, Med.; invigorating cordial, quintessence, li-ud-len an elixir of life; frq. fig.: cos fams-cdd bsdm-pai b<-ud Glr. rn* bcum-pa 1. v. jum-pa. - - 2. to use artifices, to chicane Mi. - bnir-ba 1. to be flattened down &7*. - 2. Kun. *lun-po cur-te yon* there is a draught (here). 3. C. like bkdg-pa to bar, obstruct, block up, e.g. of snow obstructing a road. Of. Jpur-ba. ee, btes v. O ce-ba. - bar-ba 1. to heap or pile up Cs.; Lex.: sin pun-par bcer-ba to pile up wood. -- 2. = bcir-ba 1. to squeeze. to press (. '., W. ; to squeeze in, ri-brdg /-wy/.s- kyi bar du something between two rock- -/V//.; *<\r tu/'t-ce* W. to squeeze, press, screw in; *^-^A tdA-lf W. to throng, to crowd. q(f b<'0, for bbu in bto-lnd 15, and Wo- brgydd 18; lo lita y*um 1,,.,-lnn 3 times 5, 15 years (Ina yvum standing pleon.) Mil. q^q* bl'6-ba, pf. and imp. B&M, prop, root of the fut. tense of Z6*-pa, but in W. the usual word for bynl-pu to make. perform; to prepare, manufacture, construct: employed in all kinds of phrases: */>;-/ zun-can co* W. (he) makes him a liar. bi-og? Glr. 99. beam for /com, pride. bcom-pa, pf.of )djn-p<i, conquered. subdued; having conquered or sub- dued, e.g. ilyrd-bcoms-pa, v. df/ra: victory Cs. ; Oprog-bc6m, and *com-t6g* W. rob- bery and acts of Violence. - bbom-brl<i<i p.n., Mathura, town of ancient India, in the neighbourhood of Agra, 7,am., Tar. - bcom-lddn victorious Cs.; bco/>/-/<t<ut- c il<ix (Kh. *wcom-ldun-df*, Ld. * i-ont-dan-dds *, C. *com-dan-di : *} ^V|qr1 Cs.: victorious, Sch.: 'the victoriously consummated', Burn. le bien-heureux, the usual epithet of Bud- dha, Burn. I., 71. * bb6l-ba, v. Oc6l-ba; bcdl-ma a thing committed to a person's charge, a trust. bb6s-pa, a verb of its own, though as to form resembling a parti- ciple, 1. to treat medically, hence to cure. to heal, -W//.V/.S k>i<in bcos-su med he cannot be cured even by the best physicians M/. : bc6s-(pai) fabs the way of treating, tho method of curing Med. ; sman-bc6 medical treatment Med. 2. to do (a thing) for th> sake of appearance, for form's sake, to affect. bcos-su byed-pa to perform a sham work. e,g. blowing into a blazing fire 6'.; hence as sbst. : a false conception, wrong idea, beds pa dan / rid - bar yi/ur - ba to give way to odd fancies, to have crotchets in the brain, e.g. in consequence of old age Tluiy. 3. partic.: made or contrived by :irt. w:d!/ 71.) a bl,nd of ten soldien. - bbl· rNJ-zdl the elnen-f.ced (A.....lokitesw.,.) Gir. bb;-oo Y• • 'fw..ba. ,. ';'!11"'. :::j (HvgJ, from the phrases: II'IIU 11nt- M«J. Jill dtr;' bH,gJ - p4 du. J"IM-JIa ..N-JIa Sty., .nd ProtiMrya Al"o- (/dNa (\". Ftw) p.3: l},a-b!p",.gyi. bi"tUp b!JfiJ-l(, - it 'ppears, that tx"gt signifies hatred, bostilit)·, damage, which when compared with rn"gt seems father strange, yet is in ACcordance lI'ith li'tJr!llf (for this must probnbly be read inst. of mw). bbld moisture, juice, sap, but 1 gen. combined with the notion of a ccrtnin inherent virtue or powerj :fa - bal' bCud a fructifying moisture, to be compar- ed in ils effects to the warmth of the ami pro!>. means night-dew (if after all it is nn)' thing real); hence euence. nutri· ment, r,(-dH - UM bCud o!I!I"r nourishment comet froiD the manow .Mtd.; 6Hfd-ia -', Mi/. also bntd-Ja bar, (this food) has pnH'· cd • nutritinus bid, it agrees with him; lXWd-wli nutritious, succulent, of gn.ss, food ele.; IXwd.'Iftid not nutritious, Mtd.; invigorating quinfeuence, bi:vtWha 1111 eli.sir of life; frq. fig.: &. (am. - bid bfdliJ-pai bbtd Gi,.. :::jij,!f=f bonn-pa 1. v. ,j""'-JH1.. - 2. to use .rtilieu, to chicane &/I. bCW.,.-iJa 1. to be ftattened down &J,. - 2. KUlI. 0/"". pc cw,.. YO"o lliere is II. draught (here). - a. G: like bJ:dU-pa to bar, obslruct, block up, e.g. of snow obstructing a road. Cf. Jur-ba. .:::fir, lXt', lXe& v. o"tUa. bb'r-ba I. to heap or pile up lA.; Lu.: ii,j iJfui-por bfflo-ba to pile up wood. - 2. _ ba·,.-ba I. 10 te press C., W.; to squeeze in, ti.brtig f'H!Ji'. Icyi IHir d" aome1hing btlwten two rocks PM.; .M- :dti·n- to prelR) '" screw in; ·hr-Ur W. to throng. 10 b&J, for 6Ca in bOO-ltiti U, brgydd 18; 14 l,fa JWfI' 3 tillleli rt, 15 rtan (Lid ,.... pleon.) Mil. 1JM..lJtt, pf. ADd iJllp. txw.. prop. root of the rut. teOte of .ro.-pa.., hut in W: the nsual ....ord for bythl.,M II Make, perform; to prepare, manufeeture, COnttrvd; employed in .11 kinds of rhruesj °Cd.la zWlI..(-all to" W: (be) makes him a Ii.,.. """, GI,. 99. lXom for rrom, pride. bromfa, pf.of.llhlU-]Xl, conqumd, sUbdued; having conquered or sub- dued, e.g. dgrd-Mo1m.pa, \'. (lfJf"o; victory Ca.; oprog·broltl, and °rom.jdtf rob· bery llUl! acts of violence. _ bColPl-briJg p.n., Matbura, town of Mcient Jndi.. in the neighbourhood of Agra, ?Am., TI.,.. - bro»I-lJdll victorious CJ.; brom·IOOn.-.d/lJ (Kh. °1dom-ldu'I-dr, LJ. 0 ro...dnIWlUJ·, c. ·b>IPI-dUlI-Jr) C;': fictorious, &It.: 'tbe "ictorionsly Btl,... Ie bien-beureus, the usual epitMt of Bud· dba, B.u·". I., 71. bMl-lJa, v••&1l-btJ: bnfl- • thing rommiued to • )IeI"lJOD" ,,,,l 6Mt-pa,. \'erb of ita own, tbough as to fOI1ll • parti- ciple, ). to treat me<lieally, henee to curt, 10 heal, 'l/11!(a Lymi bMHlt HI,.i he be cured even by lhe physieW1' ,tltd.; bMI· (P'U) (obit the way of treating, the method of curing 111M.; ,ma,,·bc."dol medical treatment Mal. -:!. to tlo (a thing) for the sake of nppellrMCe, for torm's $ake, to affecl bMI..,,, to perform _ sham work, e.g. blowing into a bLuing fire C.; hellce AS sbst.: a false conception, wrong ide., Wdr p4 (laoi oC..,.;J.. btrr gyifr. ba. to giTe ''''''1 10 odd f:uacies, to have uot.ell& in the brain, e.g. in COOteqUCDCe of old age '1"1tgy. - 3. panic.: blade or eontrinl! hy art, 148 lea Icags artificial, feigned, fictitious, ma-bcos artless, unaffected, genuine; it also seems to de- note an absence of mental activity, or a forbearance of exercising such activity, in short that indifference to the world, which is so highly valued by the Buddhist, Mil. bcos-pai ras, or ras bcos-bu, washed or prepared cotton-cloth (7s.; calico, chintz (7s.; in S. 0. it seems to denote a costly, va- luable fabric; beds -ma sbst. and adj., a production of art, any thing made or con- trived by art, esp. every thing imitated, counterfeit, mock, sham, not genuine, frq.; bcos-ma ma yin-pa natural, unfeigned, ge- nuine, e.g. respect, reverence Glr. fsul- bcos-mlean, one that is shamming, a hypo- crite. Cf. cos-pa. qj. lea, Ld. for Iti-ba, excrement, dung, "* manure. g'H* Icd-sga = bca-sga, white ginger, v. sc/d. qj.q. Icd-ba 1. 6s.: a sort of carrot, Med. 3 frq., but not known to the common people, at least not in W. 2. iftfeH ace. to Was. a garment made of wool or felt Tar. lcag 1. rod, switch, stick, whip; glan- Icdg ox-whip; r/ta-lcdg kettle-drum stick; lean- Icdg Lex. willow -twig, osier- switch; rta-lcdg horse-whip, whip in ge- neral, also a scourge, consisting of several straps with sharp knots; spa-lcdg a cane, bamboo Mil ; b^-ma^-lcdg stick Mil. - 2. (Icdg -ma') stroke, blow, cut, hit, Icag rgydb-pa to give a blow or cut, rtd-la to the horse Glr.; mgo-lcdg (Ld. *go-lcdg*} a blow or stroke upon the head; ^gram-lcdg a smack on the cheek, slap on the face, box on the ear 6s. ; fal-lcdg id. 3. fore- part of a coat of mail Sch. 4. a kind of Daphne, v. re-lcag-pa. Comp. Icdg-rdo W. flint, Hint-stone. - Icag-Jbrds Mil. whip-cord, lash of a whip; Icag-Jbreit, and Icag-dno id. Icay-fsdn = rta-lcdg C. Icag-yu whip-stick, handle of a whip. WCH' Rag-lag Lex. w.e. Icag-pod a girdle, made of plaited and interlaced strips and resem- bling a chain; one Lex. adds : ddn-mai O dril- du lhds-pa (?). Icags 1. iron, Icdgs-kyi of iron; Icdgs- bton-mKan a miner digging for iron; rgya-lcdgs Chinese iron; po - Icdgs an in- ferior sort of iron, mo - Icdgs a finer and better sort of it, 6s. steel (?) 2. ah iron instrument, tool, esp. lock (of doors), fet- ter, shackle, sgo fams - cad Icags btab - Hit locking every door Pth.; *kdn-cag Idg-cag* C. fettered on hands and feet; ynam-lcdgs 1. thunderbolt, 2. a flash of lightning just striking an object; me -Icdgs a steel to strike fire with, fire-steel. Comp. and deriv. Icags-kyu B. an iron hook, esp. fishing-hook, angle; often fig.: fugs-r)ei} or cos-kyi Icags-kyus Odzin-pa to seize with the hook of grace or of religion Dzl., Glr. and elsewh. -- Icags-dkdr tin- plate, white iron plate. Icags-skud thin wire. - - Icags - Kem or Kyem a spade. - Icags - fcrol Sch. a big iron kettle (= W. *cag-dol* stew-pan, large iron pan or pot?) Icags -mgdr iron smith, black-smith. - Icags-sgor iron pan. -- Icags - sgyid trevet, tripod. -- Icags- sgrdg fetter, shackle. - Icags- cds implements of iron, hardware. - Icags -tig a kind of gentian, cf. tig-ta. - Icags-fdg chain or chains. Icags -fdl 6s. an iron dish or plate, prob. from fd-li. - Icags -dregs (W. *cag-rdg*) 1. iron dross, scoria or slag of iron; 2. dirt of the in- testines. Icags-rdo 1. perh. more cor- rectly Icag-rdo flint-stone. 2. iron-stone, iron ore (?). -- Icags -prd U, a kind of musket, imported from Rum (Turkey). *cag-ber* W. an iron bar, crowbar, hand- spike. -- Icdgs-mag, bed-mag, the Turkish ^- flint-stone, tinder-box W. -- Icags- an iron cribble or sieve, colander. Icags-zdm iron bridge. Icags -zdns iron kettle. *cag-zdn* C. good iron, steel. - Icags-yyd rust Med. Icags-ri a wall en- circling an estate, a town etc. - - Icags- sldn a large iron pan for roasting or kiln- 148 artificial, feigned, 5ctitious, 1ll1.1eas, unaffected, genuine; it also seems to df>. Dote an absence of mental activit)', or a forbetl.rance of exercising such activity, in short that iDdifi'trence to the ....orId, ,..... bicb is 80 highl)' nlued by the Buddhist, Mil. _ ra,. or ru.I bMe-bu, "'·ll.shed or prepared cotton-doth Ca.; calico, chiou C•. ; in S. O. it seems to denole a costly, va- luable fahric; - ttlfl !ibst. and adj., !\ production of art., nny tlung ronde or coo- trived by art, esp. every thing imitated, counterfeit, mock, sham, Dot genuine, frq.; bMf-ma ma yin-pa natural, unfeigned, ge- nuine, e.g. respect., re\'crence GIl'. - (nil- lK'Of.",fan, one that is dUlJnming, a bypo- crite. Of• •COe-pa. r-r INa, Ld. for iii - ba. excrement. dung, i) manure. = bCa-aga, white ginger, v. •ga. r.: =;r [M-ba 1. U.: a sort of cam\, Mtd. :[ frq., but not known to the common IJeopfe, nt lenst uot ill w: - 2. 1fi1lfI!l' ace. to Was. n garment made of wool or felt 'lar. 1;1::1'1' li:O!J 1. rod! whip; [Jial'- 'i) '11M!! ox-whIp; rnll-lcdg kettle-drum stick· Iroij-1Mg willow-twig, osier- "to. _Udg hOl"5&-whip, whip in ge- neral, It.180 a seourge, cousisting of se,.ernl strapi with sharp bots; lJfKJ-nag a caDe, bnmboo Jlil.; btr(-mG}lcug 8tll:k Mil.- 2. (lbJg_.,a) stroke, blow, cut, hit, rgydb-pa to give a blow or cut, rlc:i-la to tlle horse GIr.; (LJ. ·go-Utitt) a 1II0w or stroke upon head; <1!"o.m-lcdg n smack on the cheek, slap on the faee, box on the ear 0..; faWtug id. - B. fore- of llo coat of mnil Sc/t. - 4. a kind of Dnphne, .... ,·e-Itll!J-po.. Compo iMg-nlo flint, lIinwtone. - Mil. whip-cord, lash of n whip; lrog-.brbi, :llId ilug-d1ilJ -:-Iloy./,an - Tla-lidg C. - ii:ag-yU whl,..,mck, h:l.lldle of a wbip. ltag-lH!I Du. "·.e. ii:fu,J-ptJd a girdle, made of plaited a.nd interbced strips aDd resem- bling a chain; one l .....r.adds: ddit1tai .drii- d" lAm.pa (?). ':.Fr-"f !i:(J!JI I. iron, IMgHyi of iron; img... 3 Ltcm.-ml.'all a miner digging for iron; rgya-li:d!JI Cl,inese iron: lHJ -li:u!JI no. in- ferior sort of iron, nib -ltfiga n fioer nnd betler sort of it, u. Bteel (?) - 2. ali iron instrument, esp. lock (of doors), fet- ter, shackle, 'flO (ama - cad !i:a[Ja btab - ii,j locking every door l'ili.; ·I.:div-i:o.g M!j-oog" C. fettered on bllods lind feet: f1lam-ltdgs l. thunderbolt, 2. a nash of ughtniog jusl BtrikiDg liD object; m, 1i:ri.!JI a stet'l to strike fire with, Compo and deriv. l(0!l'-J:!lil n. lIIl imp hook, esp. fbbing-book, IIPglc; often fig.: (MfII·T}ft, or ro.-J:yi od::iH-pa. to seiu wilh the book of grace or of-religioD Du., Glr. and elsewh. - li:agJ-dldr tin- plate. white iron plate. - lrou-kWd thin wirt. - - A'im or J!!li:m a spade. - Ua!JI- "'roi &/1. " big iron kettle (- W. stew-pan, llu'ge iron pan or pot?) _ lCags -mgdr iron smith, black·smith. - iCQ[JNfJ6r iron pan. - lOOfp-'fI!Jid trtvel, tripod. - ii:u!JI- 'fI'-Qg leltet, shackle. - lW!JI·1ds implements of iron, hardware. - li:o.fII-tl9 a kind of gentian, cf. fig-tao - ltagl-fdg chain or chains. - lla!JI-(dl W- an iron dish or plate, prob. from w.-li. - /..Wgf .driga (W ·(UfJ-Td!f) I. iron dross, scoria or slag of iroQi 2. dirt of the in- teitines. _ li:agf-rdd t. perb. more cor- reedy - rod flint-stone. 2. iron - stone, iron ore (1). - ICafia - pro 0, a kind of musket., imported from RUIIl (l'lltkey). - ·cag-be"- lY. "n iron bar, crowbar, hand· spike. - lCtigs·mU[l, bM-nlU[I, the Turkish flint-stone, tinder· box. W; - 1tatfl- flag. a.n iron cribble or sieve, colander: - llage-::am il'OD bridge. - llafI'-::an' Iron kettle. _ ·i:ag-::un· good iron, steel- ltogt-r!J6 nast j/ttl. - Iiafp-ri a. wall cu· cireliBg an eat.te, a toown etc. - iWn a luge iron paD for l'O:lSl.Wg or kiln- IF* 149 li-nii-inti (Iryinir TH. Icags-Sdn iron hoop, hasp, Oramp-iron. - i;-<t<i*-xd iron ore ( s. l(\tt/fi-/>si-n smoothing-iron Mi. /''<''' - "'" willow, Salix viminalis, almost the only leaved tree in Tibet, iV<|. planted in the vicinity of villages; rijt/i'il-lt-tiit the specific name of this tree in Kim.: /v;/)-Av///, si'i'-H-di'i different species of it; foah-dkdr Kun. a white kind with birch -like bark, cf. so; lean - 16 willow- leaves, 2. (arer) matted hair, Icdii-lo-can, or -pa, one with matted hair, a penitent; also n. of a place in ancient India, of another in Lhasa, and of a third on the top of the fabulous Rirab. 3. queue, pig- tail C. - - /(<>// -rlom a flat willow basket Ts. lean-sin willow-tree, willow-wood. li-aii-sol Sch. : 'the red willow'. * tan- siI* W. coolness, shade under a willow-tree. ojr'(5jr* lean -Icon Cs. =san-s6ti a craggy * " place, a broken country. arj- li-ain, also pyam, 1. lath, pole, rafter, spar of a roof. In Tibet the rafters arc placed horizontally, and support a layer of earth; in Mongol tents they are slant- ing, supporting the felt- covering. 2. also brag - Icdm, n. of an officinal herb used for healing wounds Med. 3. <gyur- li-t'uit prob. denotes a glittering fish, or a fish rapidly darting along - 4. v. Icdm- mo. * lciim ~ mc ~ b" > perh. variegated, shining, dazzling Glr. Icdm-mo, resp. for spun, and esp. for siin - mo, ace. to Cs. also for /'/// -?wa, a royal consort, a great man's sister or wife: Iha -Icdm a princess ]*th.; Icam-cvn a young princess or lady, a young unmarried lady of noble rank; Icam- drdl, mced-lcam-dral, Icam-sni'i brother and sister. Icdm -pa 1. n. of a flower Wdii.\ 2. n. of a kind of vegetables S.g. oj*a* IM-ba 1. sbst. (Ld. *lca*, Lh. *ci-a, <r-<i*), dung, esp. of cattle; bed !</'- ba, bd-lci cow-dung; Ici-skdm dry dung (used as fuel), lei- rIon fresh dung. 2. adj. heavy, \V. *cin-te* t ijait-lt-i I. light and heavy; 2. weight. *// i,-H dan-da c6-lf W. to b.-ilaiiM- .-(jiiMlly, U) Counterp. with regard to food, perh. heavy, oppress- ing the stomach: but also in a favourable ftnMi substantial, nutritious; li-r : weighty, important. Hyfd*kyi kye* dm, i>l,<i-*tul IH~ Ixi tli-s in consequence of your weighty presents and requests Glr.- 'ndm-toy Hn- te* W. hard of hearing: I.<i-n<i-ma-t6-ba /('/' IKI a heavy, deadly sin, frq. v. Icin-te v. Ici-ba. denotes a. things, which serve to protect the hands, when having to deal with hot or otherwise disagreeable objects; so gloves may be called Icibs Sch., but esp. fsa- Icibs (W. *fsalcib*} pot -cloth (to take pots from the fire), */v-M* ' .. also *lay-cib* id.; hence prob. miy-lcib*, resp. spyan - tt-ihs eyelid; / ///-/// ////-/>;/ sty, wisp in the eye, and perh. from some remote similarity syo -Icibs, sgoi ya- Icibs the lintel or head-piece of a door; nya- Icibs fishgills, Lftr. and Cs.; b. contrivances to facilitate the handling of different ob- jects, as: the handles of pots and vessels, the handles, hilts, bows, ears, loops etc. of knives, scissors, pincers and other work- ing-tools. IHi-ba v. ycu-ba. lcuy-pa ( '., miufcn-lhui Lt\r.. flexible. pliant; a supple branch: /'*// -/'// byed-pa to bend repeatedly C&.\ Icinj-ma a root-shoot of a willow or a poplar-tnv, a rod. switch; */////-</* ('. the bud of a twig; Icuy-prdn a thin branch or twig. Icugs, f/rf-yi /rw/s I.t.r. w.e. K-uH-ka -- skyuit-ku, jack-daw. ^* Iniii-mo thimble Glr. v. Hum Med. y leum-fsti < i?.: 'a plant, the stalks of which arc used as a purga- dr)'ing ('om. - llugA-Jd'l iron hoop, Il....p, cnlillp-iron - IltlfP-.o iron ore (" _ NafJI-btrd smoottling.iron &h. ICd!i - JlWI willow, SAlix ... iminaJis, "lmOlit the onl)' lea\'OO in Tibet, frq. ill the \'ieillitr of \'iIInges; ryydl-U"'!i Ibe name of this lree iu Kalil.; rdH-Uati, ';""UfI;, different species of it; lbvi-JJ:dr KWN. " while kind ",-ilh birch -like bark, cr. .00; IMIi -16 willo""_ 18.\·cs, 2. (..-zT) matted haw, lUit-lo--oolt, or -1'a, ODe 1\'ilh maUe<J hair, II penilent; a.lso n. of a place in ancient India, of aoother in Lhasa, and of a third on the top of the fabulous ltirab, 3. queue, pig- tail C: - looH -rl&m a flllt willow '/i. - IMIf·if,. "illo\\·-tree, willow-wood. - 1&J1i-U/ &1..; 'the red ""illo",··. _ -MH- •r n: eooln6S, sllade ondu a willow-tree. C" -$(Iii-Mit a craggy ... -3"'" place, a bnlken country. r::.';{' 1ia,1t, al..o JigQ.., I. lath, pole, rafter, spar of a roof. III Tibet toe rafters are plat'M. IlOriUlntalJr, and IUjlport allLJer of emil; in }(oogol lents theJ arc slant_ ing, sUPIHlrting the felt - co"ering. _ 2. Il.lso brag - Imlll, n. of aD officinlll herb used for healing wound, J1ftJ. - a. o!IYU'" lrolll prob. denotes a glittering fj.:h, or Il. li:.b darting along - 4. \·.IMm_ .... lMm-w-ba, perh. variegated, shining, duzling Glr. lMm-l1lO, If!Sp. for 'pUN, IIntl esp. for 'nil· 1110, to (.1. also for eli,i-fIla, a royal consort, II. greal IUAII'S sister or wife; I/m _a'lim 1\ princess I'M.; fellln-cl;,; n young or Indy, II young unrnnrried II,dy ofnolJle rllllk; ICmll- drlit, mUd-fbm. -(/I'al, leam - brothel' lI.Dd sister. lMm-1 m I. n. of II. flower lVdH.; i. n. of a kind of vegetablC8 S.f/. ..:::r lti-ba I. sbst (IAI. ·/l·a·, Lh. ·8-0, U-(l.), dung, esp. of calUe; bui m- ba, lxi-lei oow-duug; lCi-Jk(htl dry dUllg (used Il5 fud), lei-rl6n fresb uWlg. - 2. Ildj. heavy, 11'. yw'-IN I. ligb,..nd ... heuy; 2. weight, ·!lff/i_N N-U- IV: 10 hll1-.nce Njluilly, to witll regard to food, perh. !Iea,y, lI"prell'" ing tile stomach; 1)lIt aho in a f""l)lIrabk substantial, nutritioutj fig: weigllty, important, fyM.Jy.' ,ly.-w Ii"'i bk_tMJl IN_ bu. (In in of JOin ..eighty presents ADd requCil!t Glr.; ."".... H,,- t? u: hlltd of bearing; l'a-frl.-.a_(6-JH! lti bu. a heJn-y, deadly ,in, frq. ;;:._. '.'-..'" "id i)l au \'. IJ . ICin-U T. l(t..ba. 1M denotes a. ..hich t;er1'e to prolect tue hand!, \\ beu ha1'ing to deal with hot 01' otberwise objects; I!O gtO\'cs mllY lie called ItiI» II.. but esp. tI4-1HfM (Jr. -(MIlah') pol.dot• (to take poG from tlie lire). ·rt - 00' C., lliso -'ag-Hh- id.; prob. ""'.J-IHtJ.. rei]l. 'PJlaN -li:ibt eyeliG; ..;g - gi Inlc·(o,. sty, wi!p in Ihe eye, and perh. fro", lOme remote similaritJ "JO -/Hbt, lIgOi !I(I-Im \IJe lintel or hell.d·piel':e of a door; 1M fishgills, and (..i.; b.ooutrlVllOON to facilitate tbe blUldling of difl'erent ob- jects, as: the handl" of polS lUlU 1'CSlebl., tbe bandles, hitls, bows, ears, loops etc. of koh'cs, scissors, pincers IlIld other work- ing-tools. I,\H-ba \'. ,",-IxI. l.,u., ftexible. .:s pliant; a supple branch; livy .ICiog byifl-pa \0 beud Ci.; IlitO-"'" a root-shoot of II willow or a 1l0plllr-tree, a rod, switch; -HtfJ- gu' C the bud of a twig; li:ufj-y,.dn " thiu hrMcll or twig. ,&'=l'l...V leu!!" gr;.yi NNfI' "·.e. ,,'. ... aJ:yiffl-J:", jaek.daw. lbili.fllo thimble Glr, " Ultd-pa Y. )·I"wd-}Ifl. 100M Mtxl., UwIll.(/14 (4.; '. Illaut, the l.It.llu of Il hie-II are o!ed lIS a JIUrga- 150 Ice ca tive' ; Icum-dkdr prob. another species of that plant Med. fa &g 1. resp. /ya<7s (f^Ig) tongue, Zee rkyan- " 6a to put forth, to show the tongue Mil.; Ice bi*gyd-yis yon-tan cun-zad brjod- par mis ma mcis even with a hundred tongues we should not be able sufficiently to praise the merit . . . Pth. '2. blade, Ca. gri-lce. --3. (TOjf*0 thunderbolt, Ice Jbebs-pai glog a flash of lightning accom- panying a thunderbolt. 4. flame, me-lce. Comp. Ice-kyigs the frenum of the tongue Cs. Ice-cun uvula, Ice-cun O bab$ inflam- mation of the uvula Med. lce-)'nyis-pa double-tongued, deceitful, Ice-ynyis byed-pa to be double-tongued. Ice-feb, lce- drd a fleshy excrescence below the tongue Cs. - Ice-bde a nimble tongue a babbler Mil. Ice-spydn = ce-spydn Thf/y., Stg. - Ice- Jbur a swelling on the tongue Cs. Ice- myan-fsd alum Med. - - Ice-rtsd the root of the tongue, Ice - rtsd - can a letter pro- nounced from the root of the tongue, a guttural. Ice-rtse the tip of the tongue Cs., Ice-rtse-can a letter sounded \vith the tip of the tongue, a lingual. Ice-fsd- (-60) a sharp-tasted, pungent medicinal herb Med. -- Ice-yzor a tongue-scraper Cs. Y Iceg a coat of mail for a horse Sch. tedb~P a t S to kill one's self, to seek death, esp. by a leap into the water or down a precipice, but not every kind of suicide; also used of insects that fly into a flame etc. ^'^n* lco-ga, also lcog-ma or mo lark. Sjcn- Icog 1. B., C. a turret on a house- "" ' top, pinnacle (W. *speu*}. -- 2. v. Icog-tse. Icog-po prob. low, Icog-por skye (a certain plant) is low -growing, it does not grow high. ojcrr^ Sjcrrif* ^9 ~ tse -> ^og - rise, resp. * y sol -Icog, table, in Tibet, esp. in W., a very rare piece of furniture, and always small and low; Icog-Kebs table- cloth, Icog-tf.ebs btin-ba to lay the cloth; rgya-lcog a large table, a European table; mdun-lcog 'fore-table', a sort of table before an idol, for spreading offerings on it, v. e.g. Hook. I, 172; but it is not the same as altar. Icogs, zer-lcogs pronunciation C. (?) Ic6g(s) -pa I. to be agitated, to shake, to tremble, me- tog mgo- Icog Zam. a flower shaking, waving its head (little used). II. 1. vb. to be able, de ma lcog-na if (he) is not able (to do that); ji Icog-kyi Mil. as much as possible, to the utmost; *na-rdn-ghi gan cog-pa* C. as far as I am able. More used: 2. adj. able, sed-kyis mi lcog-pa unable, feeble, weak, rig -pas mi Icog -pa ignorant; *n fsar cig-la cog-pa me'* I am not able to carry the whole at once C.; * cog -can* clever, skilful, handy, *cog-med* awkward W. ; *tce cog mi dug* he does not get on with his mouth, he lisps; also *Ka cog - pa* irreverent, dis- respectful in speaking W. (?) Sir-' Icon, sbol-lcon a frog in its first stage ** of development, tadpole Pth. X* va 1. the letter c, the aspirated c, pro- y. ca I. part, portion, share 1. opn. to the nounced hard and forcibly, like ch in whole, ca ysum-du bgos divide it in chap or church. --2. numerical figure: 6, three parts! brgyai ca ^foGlr.; ston-gi ca-pa the sixth volume. ca J^TTJ ban-mdzod fsum-ca ycig one third 150 live'; [WRHlCar prob. another species of that pllUlL Mid. 't Ih 1. resp.ljafP (fttI) tonguellit riyali- bo. \0 put fortb. to show the tongue JVii.; lh brgyd-yiI YON-tim ctll:'-::OO In]6d- par fttu .'0 fRCU e\"en with • hundred tongues we should not be able to praise the merit ... 1"rJ,. - i. blade, Co. !Jrl-I><. - 3. ("I1IfiI) thunderllolt, /I, obN.-poi gWg a flash of lightning accom- panying Il thunderbolt. - 4. flame, mI-Iu. Compo the frenum of Ihe tongue Ct. - In-litli uvula. Iu-CuR obahs inflam- mation of the Mid. - lff.-""yf',pa double·longued, deceitful, {i't-rflyi' b,v«J.pa to be double-tongued. - let.flO, itt-.drd 11 fleshy excrescence below the tongue C•. - lh-lxM a nimble tougue 11 bobbler AliI. - - TII[I!h Stg. (et- oMr " swelling on the tongue C,. - fa- myOlJ.("i alum Mtd. - lct-rtMi the root of the longue, lh- ".d - can a letter pro- nounced from the root of the n gutlorn!. - lu-rtM the tip of the tongue C•., IL letter sounded witla tbe tip of the tongue, " lingual. - (.oo)a sbarp-wted, pungent medicinlll herb -'ltd.. - lh--r..iJr A \OJlgue-sc.raper Y. lCtg " eont of mail for a horse &h. lMJ-pa to go to kill one's self, to -0' seek death, esp.. by a leap into the water or dowo a precipice, Dot every kind of also used of in8«13 tilst fly into flo !lame etc. fM-ga, also fldg-m« or mo tark. d)' lo 1. the l, the lWllimted t, pro- nounced hard and forcibly, like ch in rhap or rAunA. - 2. Dumerical figure: 6, lfu-JXl the si:l.th volume. i£' la ar'::f[ Uog 1. fl., C. a tlllTtt on a bouse- i) top, piDDaele (W: -'1'"'-,. - 2. V. lMg-IN. IMg-po prob. loW, lCdfl-por Kj' (a i) cennin plll.llt) is low.gro..... ing, does not grow high. a;""'[<r /Idg-tu, IMg._, '"'P. i) 'i) r-ol-1tdg, table, in Tibet, esp. in lV., flo very rare piece of furniture, and always smnJl aDd 10\V; lrog-tRJt table- cloth, lrog-iiba btiiI. - ha to lay tbe cloilJ; rgya-li:dg a large table, " table; lIIdun-lrog 'fore-table',,, sort of table before an idol, for spreading offerings OD it, r. e.g. 1I00J..·. I, Ji2; but it is Dot the sn.me as 3htlr. frogs, ::er..[rogs pronunciation C. (?) IMg(,)-pu 1. to be agitated,to \ shake, to tremble, tog mgo- fUg Zum, n flower sbaking, waving its bead (little used). n. 1. vb. to be able, dt mo Ir6frno if (he) is not able (to do tbat); ji lMg-kyi A/fl. lIS much as possible, 10 the Uhllost j -ito_rdli-gM !Jari rdg--pa- C. as far n.s I am able. More used: 2. adj. able. Ml.-!yiI INi lrog-pa unable, feeble, weak, rig-fJO' ",i lrog-po ignorant; ->ie (t«r ny-Ia Mg-pa .t'- 1 am not able to carry the wbole at onoe G.; ·COg-mll- clever, skilful, handy, -log_mM' awkward IV.; -E{ Cog .i dug" be does llot get nn with his mooth, be lil;pi; also - Ea COy - pfl - irreTerent, dis- re81)CCtful in speaking lV.(?) aiF-. lroil, 1bol·IMIi a frog in its first stage i)- of developwent, tadpole PtA. d)' to J. part, portion. share I. 0(1f'. to the wbole, Co. J"Vlll-du bgot divide it in three Ilarts! btY!lal' l-. Ib Gfr.; IIdli-fli 1-. r.·..;ooit--mdztJd """,,,_lo r(:ig ODe thin! ' ,,/ cd-ya of the provisions />;/.: <Hmi <// /.S /* nni /<'/-/><ir[\\cre being still wanting as much gold as (the weight of) his head Glr. ; nan -par siid - bai ca the following day's first part, i.e. the following im >rning Mil. ; sd-ca a piece of land Glr., ( '., also land, territory, country in general, !//un' sa-ca the country of Gha Glr. ; zur- ca frontier parts, frontier province; ca- snyoms at equal parts, equally, e.g. cu xbi/ftr mixed with the same quantity of water Lt.; ca-mnydm id., ca-mnydm bib />?!'</ accurately weighed in equal parts Lt; ca tsam, ca O dra team in part, in some measure; ca ma O dra or ma mfiin-pa partly not equal, differing a little; ca tsam ses kyaii even if one knows but a little Mil. ; ///// smon ^os ca tsam mi fdd-bas it being not in the least desirable; ca-rdzogs being complete in every part, entire, integral Sch. - - Esp. 2. the half, ndm-gyi ca stod, the first half of the night, ndm-gyi ca smad the second, the last half of it. Hence 3. the one part of a pair, similar to ya, iham ca ycig the one boot; era sgrig-pa to pair, to match, to couple Sch. ; an equal, a match, ca-rnfun-pa, ca- drd-ba, C. also *ca-ldn-wa*, similar, resembling Wdn. and elsewh.; la-Id far-pa, ca-mfun dge-ba med some have no virtue befitting (i.e. leading to) final salvation Thgy.; ca-med without an equal, matchless; cd-ma-yin-pa unfit, improper, unbecoming Sch., nag ycog-pa ni ca ma yin not obeying will not do, is out of place Tar. 110, 11. -- 4. a pair, = zun Sch. ; Zam. : ^pf. - 5. share, portion, lot, mfsar - sdug bltd - bai cd - nas mnyam being equal as to their (respective) share of beauty Glr. ; dmdn-ca Qdzin-pa to choose the humbler (inferior) share, i.e. to be humble,= dmdn-sa dzin-pa Mil.', in general : ca Odzin-pa c. genit. to adhere, to be attached to a person or thing 7V/t.; zi/i rmo-ba nai ca yin ploughing is my business, my lot, my department ZteA ; ca-/a equally, in equal parts, equally divided, fcd-ba ni/in dgu mfsan dgu bobs, cd-la nt/hi infx<ni bco- brgydd babs Mil. there was a fall of snow during nine days and nine night*; it fell equally portioned out to dav* and night-, (together) eighteen (the peculiar mode of reckoning is here to be noticed) II. news, intelligence, notice, construed like rgyu* and )'t<nn; ytdm-ca O dri-ba*~ ytam O dn-ba; ca yod, ca med like ryyws yod and rgyus med; nam O ci "'// nml-kyi cos the doctrine of the uncertainty of tin- day of death Mil. ; . . . par ca mcis-te there coming news or intelligence that . . .; Xv///- ca v. skad; physically: voice, sound. l>rdy- ca echo; intellectually: prospect, auspices, Mil. : srog-ca prospects of life (as to it- length and preservation), fyt'in - ca pro- spects regarding the household, dyra-ca prospects, expectations as to one's enemies; *ldm- ca* C. prospects of a safe journey (cf. 110 4). III. thing, things, relating to clot In-, ornaments, materials etc., cf. cos; *go-lux- ca-fsdn* W. a complete suit of clothes; but mostly used in compounds: ke-ca neck- ornaments, glo-ca ornaments suspended to the belt or girdle, e.g. strings of shells; dgos-ca necessary things Cs.; mcod-ca things necessary for sacrifices, requisites for offerings Glr.; mfson-ca weapons; yig- ca prob. writings, deeds, documents Glr.; *re-ca* cottons, cotton fabrics C.; lag-ca implements, utensils, goods, baggage etc. Glr. - - There is still to be noticed the expression: ca-bzdg-pa, lit. to add one's own share to a thing, 1. to adhere, stick, or cling to, to follow, obey (laws); sans- rgyds-ktji l>kd-la ca bzag they adhere to the words of Buddha; rgydl-fm bkti-la to obey the king's commandment. '2. to refer toGO c. ca-rkyenLej., Sch.: 'share of destiny, of fate; consequence of one's ac- tions' (?). cn-inktin soothsayer, fortune-teller Sch. 'l-* hem- ed 9 e- border l *d -9 a Odebs-pa to hem, to turn in (the edge of cloth). ,,. of lile Iln::n'iliion, D:l.; llbui en IN.- lig rtb-!!yU Iffl,ld",-bllrthere beitlg still WlIntinlt IIhOllt 05 milch gold (the wei(;:lIl of) IIi" bead Gir.; ndn-Jlu.f' 'Ii!i-bai 1a the following dny', first part, i.e. the following morning ,11ii.; W-ef. II Iliet.'C of land Gir., ('., aoo Iud, lerritory, counu')' in genel'lll, 9"aj _la lIle eouutry of Gha Gir.; :rir- w. frooUer parts, fronller Ilr0vinC:Clj lo- ,"yolN al eqUIU pll.r15, equally, e.g. tv Jbyfl" mixed ""ith the same quantity of water Lt.; clI-mnydlll ifl., ea-llIn,ydm :ib btr!J nccurlltely weighed in eqUll.l parts Lt.; ro tlam, ca .lira /lam in ptu"t, in some measure; ell. 'lila .dTa. or "111. _(iln-p« Il:,utlJ nOl equal, differing II. liule; ell tta"l u. lyl'" even if one /rno" but" little Mil.; yid PIOn .01 en t:5anl ".j rdd-btu it being Dot in Ihe least desirable; la.-,Y1:Ixp beiOIt complete in e\'eT)' part, entire, integral &11.. - Esp, 2. the hall, na'/1'9,yi ta "od, first hnlf of the nil{ht, mlm - 9,yi ea ,mad the second, the last hAlf of it. lIenee 3. the one part of a pair, similar to !JU, IMm ea rcif; the nne boot; ta '!Jri9-pa to pair, to match, 10 couple Sen_; an equal, II mlll£h, 'la-Irl(lill-pa, la-.drli-ba, e-: .Iso "b.-lOil-IC(J", !imilar, resembling Uti.... llnd ellirewh.; la-ld (dr_p« ca_III(iln ckji-lJa mN. l\OlDe h:wc no vil'!ue befitLiDj:;' (i.e. lending to) final snlvation TI.gy.; ca-ml(l without on equal, matchless; cd.ma-yin-pa unfit, improper, &1•.• ico!! rMs-pa ni ta ""a 9i,. Dot obeying will Dot do, i>i out of place Tar. ItO, 11. - -4. a pair,- :I"i &J..; Zulli.: '!J1I'. - 5. shatt, portion. lot, tnf,ur - tdilg bltd. bai ld - W'II INnyom being equal as to their (rcspec:tive) shAre of be.'\uty GII'.; dlllJll-la .d=in-JX1 to choose Ihe humbler (inferior) sbure, i.e. tn be .Mil.; in general: (II .cl::ill _pa e. geniL to lldhere, to be attached to a pefSOn or thing I'IA.; Sic r"ffIJ...ba ;'oj co yill ploughing is my busio-, my lot, my department D:l.; la-Io equall)", in eqUIU parts, equlllly di\·ided, fa-b« 'ltyi_ ",6an dgu. baht, 'd·la ";in ",(.all bi:o- brgydd babe Al17. there WllS l\ Iidl IIf ,M... 151 fluriOJC oine M.TS and nine it fell equally Il/lnioUed ..ut 10 d"" lUId oighu. (together) CUle peculiar DIode of re..:koning !Jere to be noticed) II. news, intelligenet, notice, like ryytu :lnd )'tmN; rtfim.c(• •dTj.ba_ pam .,lri-bfl; M y«l, "la wttd like ryytU yod and "!J!fIil' -'; lIa'" it (a 1IfiJ. _lyi lot the doctrine of the of lhe d"y of death Alll.; .,. pur la INlit-u there coming news nr intelligence that ... ; J.:dd- la v• • load; physically: voice, sound, brd[)- Ca echo; intelleetulllly: prospect, auspicel, Mil,: 'rOy- Ca pr06pects of life (as to ill> length nnd preservation). (ybn -eu pro- spects regMding the household, - lo prospects, expeclatioDs as to one', enemies; "ldlll-la- C. of " sale joumey (d. .. 'J. III thing, things, to clot.hes, ornament6, matcrin\s el£., cr. [lUj "go-llU- la _tuM· W. a complete suit of c1ollies; but mostly used in eomJlOunds: ,).-i-eu ornaments, 9fo-ea OrnJ.IDCntl 'III pended to the belt or girdle, e.g. of shells; d£Id- - ca necess"ry u.; 1IIldt:1- C. things ne«'SSllry for sacrifices, requisitet for offerings Glr.: "1&6n·('u "'ClIopons; yifJ· In. prob writings. !leeds, document!> G&.; "r/_'[a· cottons, wtton fll.briCli C; lofJ- ca utensils, goods, bAggage ek, Gir. _ There is 6till to be noticed the ul'res.liion· l.,-6:d!J-pa, lit. to add one', o....n share to a thing, I. to !!tick, or eling to., to follow, obey (t....· ); 1Q.ti.. r!19a.-!yi bI.:.i-l.a m Ray they adhere to the word.s of lluddha; rgyal.,1Oi bk,i-la to obt:y ti,e king', eommllndmenl- 2. to refer 10(:') C. lll-rkyfflLu" &n.: 'share of .;; ) nf fate; consequence of one Iii ac- tion,' (Y). soothtayer, lertune-lelJer . 1ti-fI4 Mil, hem, edge, border; M-gc Q:If odAM-pa to Ilem, 100 tum in (mf' «Jge ul 152 cd-ga- bu x*cn*Qn cd-ga- buC., Lex. also cd-ga- ** pa, grasshopper. cd- co Lex., Sch.\ 'things homogeneous, matched'. x*n* cd-ba, pf. and imp. so/i (the regular form cas being nearly obs. at present), in W. the usual word for O gro-ba to go, in B. little used and only in later writings, 1. to go, *sor-te cd-ce* to retire, to retreat slowly; *da ca yin*, or *c?a cen* adieu, good bye, farewell! *da cen zu* resp., your servant! (in taking leave); *'d-ru-son* go thither, or that way! *'d-ru ma ca* do not go to this place, do not step this way! to travel, *gydl-la* (or de-mo, ydg-po) ca zig* I wish you a safe journey, a pleasant trip to you! *log-te cd-ce* to return, to go or coine back; * tin-la cd-ce* to follow, to come after or later; *ca cue/* let (him) go! give (it) up! let (it) alone! to be gone, consumed, spent, used, wasted, *siii mdh- po ca yin* a great deal of wood will go, will be consumed. - - 2. to become, grow, get, turn, *fsan ca dug* it grows night, it is getting dark; *gas cd ce* to grow old; *ndg-po son* that has turned black; *ses-/can cd-ce* to get information; also with la: * bag -ma-la cd-ba* (= bag -mar Ogro-ba, Ogyur-ba') to become a bride Ma.; *mdn-lami ca* this is not used for medicine. - 3. with a supine (5.) or a verbal root (col.): to be about, to be on the point, to be going, sleb-tu cd-bai fse when they were on the point of arriving Mil. ; nyi-ma O cdr- du cd-ba dan when the sun was just going to rise Mil.; *me si ca dug* the fire is on the point of going out; *nad zi ca dug*, the disease is decreasing. --4. with the gerund it expresses a continuous progress, a gradual operation, an effect by little and little, *cu pel-te ca dug* the water increases from day to day. 5. with the inf. it is used in the sense of the future tense, or like the Greek [iskheu: to intend, to purpose, *ci srid-de dir srin-ce ca dug* how long does he (do you etc.) intend to stay? *nam lug sdd-ce ca dug* when are you going to kill the sheep'? x*n* cd-bu, a kind of little ornament worn ^ in the ears Ld. x-nr ca bydd I. thing, implement, instru- ' ment, e.g. a musical instrument DzL, a surgical instr. Med. 2. clothing, dress, mi-sdug-pai ca-byad-can poorly clothed, ragged Ml; external appearance, also of animals. eS'xS&T ca-tsdm v. ca 1 , 1 . ^'ro 2 ^' ca-fsdd = cag-fsad. <5*<3*3j' ca-fsdn species, division, class Sch. $>"Ctf& ca- dzin v. ca I., 5. " ca-rdzogs v. ca I, 1. x w x* cd-ra 1. oak, also mon-cd-ra (on account of its growing only on the southern ranges of the Himalaya mountains, inhabited mostly by Non - Tibetans) in several species, with pointed, evergreen leaves, a tree much inferior in beauty to the English oak. cd - ra preu Sch. : 'the stunted or dwarf- oak'. 2. also ca-ri, ca-li, ca-lu, a coarse sort of blanket made of yak's hair. 4" cd-la v. ca I., 5. cd-lag 1 . 6'. implements, instruments, required for the carrying on of a business. 2. W. things, effects, luggage. 3. Tar. 43, 18: cd-lag dan beds -pa rdzogs-par ses-paSchf.: 'the systematic and complete understanding'. x-pjr' ca - Idn joined with rdeb -pa Lex. and Mil., meaning not known; Wts. gives: petite lance des bonzes. .. cd - lam = hd - lam, some ; for the most part, rather C. " ca-li, ca-lu v. sub cd-ra. . ca - lugs clothing , costume , ap- pearance. r-jnr ca-sds part, portion, share, lus-kyi ca - sds a part of the body, a limb etc. ca-hdr Chakhar, a Mongol tribe Sch. 152 cd·fJa-/m c., J--fJ:. also cd -ya- pa, grasshopper. a:.:,'(( Cd·Co[.-u.,&h.: 'things homogeneolls, matched', a;'.::r ed-ba, pC. alld imp. 3Qn (the rogulnr form cas beiog nearly obs. at present), in lY. tbe usual word for oVro-ba to go, in n. little used and only ill later writings, 1. to go, ·sdr-te cd-M' to retire, to retreat slowly; *da ca yin·, or ·du ?en" ndieo, good bye, farewell! "du len ZIt" resp., your servant! (in taking 10u\-0); ·'u-I'll-Bll/i* go thither, or that Wfl.Y! .. 'd .. IOU ma cu· do not go to this I)lace, do not stC[1 this WilY! to travel, *flydlrla* (or de-mo, yug-po) 1!a zif! r wish yOIl n sufe jouroey, a plensant trip to you! *u;g.u cd-co" to return, to go or come back; "(ili-ta cd-bf to follow, to Come after or later: *i!a Cu9* let (hilll) go! gh'c (it) up! let (it) alone! to be gone, consumed, spent, used, wasted, ·iJi,; md,;- po ca !lin· a great deal of wood will go, will be consumed, - 2. to become, gl'tlW, get, tUTn, ·{san ca duf! it g-rows night, it is gettiug dark; Cd i:e'" to grow old; ·nog-po oWn· that. hus turned black; ·m-llan eO. - ce· to get. information; nlso with la: °bdfl_ma-Ia ld-ba.· (-=bdo·mur oflro-ba, eII!Jur-ba) to become 11 bride .Ma.; ·mdn-lrulli ca· tbis is not {Ised for medicine. - 3. with 1\ supine (lJ.) or a verbal 1"00t (co1.): to be about, to be on the point, to be going, slib-tu Cd-hai {ae when they were on the {loint of arriving Mil.: nyi.ma o<!al'- du cd-ba dali when t.he sun II'lIS just going to rise Mil.; ·me iii ea durt the fire is Oil the point of going out; ·n«<l zi la dUfl, the disease is decl"easinl{. - 4. with the gerund it e.xprcsses a continuous progress, a gradual operation, an effect by little and little, ·Cu pel- te ca dU(J· the water increases from dar to dny. - 5. with the in£. it is used in the sensc of the future tense, or like thc Greek !IEHw': to intend, to purpose, ·i:i iJrid-de dir Arili.<e Fa dUf!' how long does he (do you etc) intend to stay'? ·nam lu{/ fOO":e ea duff' when are you going to kill the sheep'? a;':r: ca-hJr cd-flU, a kind of little ornament worn in the ears Ld. a;'5f' ca b1Jdd 10 thing, implement, instnl· 1 ment, e,g. l\ musiC/II instrument D::l., 0. surgical instr. Moo. - 2. clothing, dress, 1Ili,wlly-pal la-byad· i:an poorly clothed, ra;.:'gcd Mil.; external appearance, also of ca·tsJm v. ca I , J. ca-(sdd = cag.'sad. ea·'sdn species, division, class &h, ,. 'Ea·od;:m v. ca I., 5. ca.l'dzdtJs v. ca 1, I. ed·ra 1. oak, also mon· 'Ed - 1'(1 (on a.ccount of its growing only 011 tllc southern muges of the I-limo.laya mounL.'Iius, inhabited mostly by Non· Tihet:llls) in severol species, with pointed, evergreen lellves, a tree much inferior in bco.uty to the English oak. eli· ra i)l°CU Sch.: 'the stuDted or dwnrf·oak'. - 2. also la- rio ca--li, ca-LU, " coarse sort of blanket made of yak's bair. d)'Of ed·hl v. ca 1., 5. d)'o.J::Jf cd-lag 1. C. implements, instruments, required for the carrying on of It business. - 2. IV. things, effects, luggage. _ 3. 'j'w·. 43, 18: cd· /60 dmi bi:cis· pa 'O(wigf _par des· '[Xl &ltf.: 'the systematic and complete understanding'. d)'e,n:.. ea - tait joined with ."(/ib· pa Le.l. lmd Mil., meauing not known; IVes. gives: Iletitc lance des honzcs. tS'e'o:r eli ·lam - hd· lam, some; for the most part, rather C. ca--li, la-hi v, sub ca-f·a. la ·If,lIs clothing, costume, ap. """ pearance, ca..sdf part, portion, share, lltf."'!!i > I ca -.tas f\ part of the body, u. limb etc. ca·/uir Chakhar, It Mongol tribe &h. cag 1 . dry fodder for horses and other animals, as hay, barley etc.; cag- ;;// trough, manger, crib. 2. the fourth finger Ml. - 3. resp. for shoe Glr., also i/<t</(-lh(hn). 4. cag-peb-pa Glr. = />//// peb-pa. -- 5. the breadth of a fist, cag (/(i/t id, M/II/. frq. -- 6. v. cdg pa. c<i</-(d)krum(s) piece, frag- ment Lex., Thgy.', *cag- f urn-la sou* ('. it has gone to pieces. XOTffra* tag-sky a-ba Sch.: 'having only one purpose, pursuing but one aim; unremitting, indefatigable'. cag-ga-cog-ge (or pyag-ga- pyog - get} various things mixed up or thrown together, medley. J" cag-grum Lex. = cag-dkrum(?}. vag-cdg I. 1. with byed-pa, O debs- pa, to sprinkle, besprinkle, cus with water, Kdn-pa, Idm-rnams the house, the streets B., C. (W. * cab -cab*}. -- 2. Sch. : cag-cag ydab-pa to starch, to stiffen. II. W. cag-cdg co-ce* to tread, to trample, e.g. the narrow paths or furrows between garden-beds; to clap the hands. " cag-cdd rent, break, rupture Sch. cag-dum fragment, piece, crumb, scrap, bit. " cag- dhl doubtful, incredible Sch. cdg-pa 1. a large tuft or bunch of flowers, ears of corn etc. 2. pf. of O cdg-pa, broken; ma - cdg(s) - pa, and esp. adv. ma - cdg(s) - par also cdg - med- l><tr uninterrupted, unintermitting ; uninter- ruptedly ; gas - cag - med without a crack, flaw, or chink. 3. lam cdg-pa \. Q cag-pa. cdy-po broken; a broken vessel, pot etc., a pot-sherd ; tsel-(po) my (-po) a broken dosser or pannier. cdg-bu, diminutive of cag -pa, a little bunch. ?dg-mo bunch, J'ds-bu cdg -mo a fruit growing in the form of bunches 153 or clusters, like the grapes of the vim*. the berries of the elder etc. W. XOT^r cdg-tse a small grain, e.g. of ground grits, *cdg-txe-can* granulous; */i//- pe cdg-tse -can* ground grits, W.\ Hind. soojee. tag-fsdd Sch.: the right measure. dug ster cag- fait! if a sufficient quantity of poison has been administered to a person, Med. tag -sin a wooden splint for a broken limb, *cug-ce* to put it on W. c&^^J'^r cdgs-pa I. frq. for cdg-pa 2. II. vb. to be begotten, produced; ma- cdgs-pa not begotten or produced in the usual way of propagation, but = rdzus-te skyes-pa, or Ihun-gyis grub -pa Pth. frq.; mndl-du cdgs-pa to be produced in the womb, as the foetus is; hence tag* in compounds: animal, Odab-cdgs, ysog-cdgs winged animal, bird; srog-cdgs in general: a living being, an animal, = sems-can; Oprid-gyi fsul-tdgs Glr. prob. as much as a wonderful child, a prodigy; sin-la cdgs- pa to grow on a tree, of fruits; and in general: to rise, arise, spring up, originate, of the world, of new works, buildings, empires, customs, of eruptions on the skin; *zil-pa cogs son* W. dew has fallen; to come forth, to appear, - J>yun-ba, e.g. ^6d-du cdgs-pa to come to light, to appear Mil; *nul cogs* W. sweat comes forth, breaks out, I perspire; even: rdb-tu cdgs- pa = rdb-tu Obyun-ba to become a cleric (little used); cags-rdbs genesis, history of the beginning, esp. of the world; tags- fsul 1. manner of beginning, origin, pro- creation Med. 2. W. form, figure, demeanour, *cags-fsul sog-po* coarse, rude, rough. III. 1 . vb. to love, (tQav\ bu - mo - la a girl; skyes-pa da/I na-cun ycig tags-pa the mutual affection between a man and a maiden; tender attachment in general, connubial, parental and filial love, yid-la cdgs-pai bit-mo-mams my dearly beloved daughters l*th.- } ardent desire or longing 'lug I. Iky fodder (or bol'RS "od other animals, as bay, barley etc.; 'h'9- r:ON trough, mauger, crib. - 2. the fourth ingtr M«1. - 3. rc p. for shot Glr., .liG - •. bog-p;i>-pa Gir. - P'''!! i""· JM. - 3. the breadth 01 • fist, 'lag !JR;' id. -"Itg. frq. - 6. v. ltig-pa. '""fC '-9{dJ'riom(.) p;.... "'9- '" ment La., Thr/y.; °coy_ Ullu.Ja IOfiO C. j, btu: goue to pieces. Wlfy.::r 'lag-J.:yo. ba &4.: ',having oDly one purpose, pUNulng bot one Aim; unremitting, indefatigable'. bog-go-tog-gi (" ,iy"!!-go- - Un) vlU"ious mixed up or thrown together, medic),. rtlfJ-fJ/1illl Lu. - cag-dkdf.m(?). cog.rgydg-pa to doubt &11. cS=![ cag-Cdg 1. 1. with .dfbe. pa, to sprinkle, besprinkle, eu. "",'itb wtLlU, la,;...]XJ, ldm--manl.l the bouse, Lbe streets 11., C. (IV. °lab - cu6·). - 2. &Jt.; lU!J-&ig rdaiJ..pa to starch, to stiffen. 11. W. 'Mg-ldg M-bt 0 to trtad, to trample, ego Lbe nano" paths or furrows between garden-beds; to dap Ute hands. lag.b7d rent. break, rupttJrt &It. lag-ditm fragment, piece, cl1lmb, ..... Icrap, bit t0o-.,dli. dtubtful, incredible $rh. 'tdo-pa I. Il large tuft or bunch of 6o'A'ers, ears of corn etc. - 2. pf. of _cdg - pel broken; ma i!dg(I) - pal and esp. ad\'. ma - ldg(I) • pa,. also cdg- "lId- pa" uninterrupted, UDintenuittingj uninter_ ruptedly; g"' CO!! _mid without n crack, naw, or chink. - 3. 10m '(a!l.pa ". ;fay-po. "/tly. po brobn; a broken velsel, pol etc., a pot·sheNl; tuHPo) '!d} (-po) A broken dosser or pannier. ..;;m-q 'My - bu, diminul.i\'e of rag pa, a -I.... little bunch. £=lT6f bunch, ld9-fttO • fruit growing in the form ofll1mcbei. ,.., or like the gralltl of LIIe "i1M', the berrietl of the eteler etc. lV, trig-1M a .mall grain, e.g. of grcMlnd .....- -\ grits, -'ld!/"taN:1I11- granutOUl; .b4fl- pe ldg-tK-call- grouad griu, W:; IJutd. 1OOj«. t,,!!-Mi Sol, the right ....... dNg lUI' 'lag-fMid if • lUfficieat quaDlity of poison ha& b«n to a person, Mtd. .%.QT'1i!::. lag -lill a wooden s,tint for • "'" -I . I'" broken limb, .Ct.g' u· to put it on W: COOt-PIl 1 frq. for 2. II. vb. to be begotten, produced; ld!l'-pa not begotten or llrodu«d in lhe usual way of propagAtion, but _ "d:tit-U Ilryls-pf.l, or 1M"" - gyU !Jl14b.pa PIA. frq.; ",ltjfil-d" Mgt - 1'4 to be produced in the womb, I\S the foetus is; hence co!!' in compounds: animal, .dab- '&ifl', J*'!!- 'ldgt Tt'inged Mimal, bird; mJg-cdtfl in • Ji,"ing being, :m nnima!, _ '"" - call; .,pn,i-gyi r,IlI-M!1' Gi,.. prob. as mooh as • wonderful child, a prodigy; jbf-ln po to grow on a tree, of fruits; and iD genenl: to ri$e, arist, spring up, oriFWe. of the world, of new works, buildings, tDlpires, customs. of eroptions on the skin; ·::il"ftllagt .- II: b. fallen; to come ftrlh, to apptar, - .byini-bn, e.g. .4d-dK ldgt-pa to eGrDe to light, to al'peIU" Mil.; • liNl cOfl'· w: $weat ccmes forth, bruu 01,1," 1 perspire; enD: rdlJ..tM ldgt- po. _ rail-I" o"titiJi-ba to become a cleric (little used); lagt-f'dbl genellil, history of the beginning, esp. of the ....·orld; (tiff'"" (sUi I. mAnner of beginning, origiu, pro- crentionMcJ. '1. W: form, figure, demeanour, ·'!uys-tltilldg-po· CO/In;Cl, rude, rough. HI. 1.l'b. to love, (1(!O1'), bt.-IftO·la o girl; J...ytr-pa dtvf M-Cti... r8g ldgt-po. the mutual Affection between a man and a maiden; tender in general, eODllllbial, pan-otai and filial loYe, yid-la 'ldgl-pm bM-'-,..UII,tI my dearl, belol'ed dAllgklentftA.; ardent de;ire or looging '0' • " can 154 for something, grdgs-pa-la for glory; to be attached to, to cling to, e.g. lus dan srog- la cdgs-pa to life, yul-la to one's home, to one's native country; often: to suffer one's self to be enticed by a thing, to indulge in; cdgs -par mi by a Jigs-par mi byd-ste allowing neither desire nor fear to have any influence upon himself Samb. - 2. sbst. love ((>ws), lust, passion for, affec- tion, attachment, cdgs -pa skyes - so he fell in love Dzl. ; cdgs-pa spyod-pa = /rig-pa spyod-pa. According to Buddhistic theory all cdgs-pa is a great evil, as it betrays a troubled state of mind, and a repre- hensible attachment to external things ; yet even a saint, so far advanced in dispassion and apathy as Milaraspa, may sometimes be caught in very tender affections and sensations of cdgs - pa, very like those of other human creatures. Comp. cags-sddn \ . Schr. love and hatred, 2. Glr., Pth. jealousy (love showing itself in hatred), also cags-sddn-gi prog-dog. - cags-spyod coition, copulation, cf. cdgs-pa III., 2. cags-zen, also zen-cdgs cdgs- pa sbsi.Mil.; * cags-zen cd-ce* W., to love, c. la; cags-zen med-pa dispassionate, in- different to all terrestrial things. cags- sems = cags - zen. cdgs - sred - can Pth. lustful, libidinous, wanton. rr can resp. skyems , ysol - can, mcod- can C., a fermented liquor, beer, wine, (not 'brandy' Sch.); bu skyes- pa-la min, can drdns-pa-la yfam proverb : to the new-born child a name (is due), to the beer to be drunk a talk; nds-can beer made of barley (the usual kind); bras- can of rice Glr. grd-can of wheat Cs.; bu- ram- can, or bur-can of sugar Med.; rgun- can wine; sbrdn - can Med. honey - wine, mulse, mead? rus-can Med.? -- zds-can, zdn - can eating and drinking , meat and drink. slon-, tig-, and bsu-can v. sub bdg-ma. Fig-* btun-ba dran-ses bdud- rtsii can my drink is the wine of wisdom's nectar Mil. Here the process of brewing may be mentioned. When the boiled barley (Ld. *sbo-bod*, Ts. *fab*) has grown cold, some *pabs* (q. v.) is added, after which it is left standing for two or three days, until fermentation commences, when it is called glum. Having sufficiently fermented, some water is poured to it, and the beer is considered to be ready for use. If proper care is taken (and the people of U and Ladak generally do so), tbe pale beer, thus obtained, is not amiss, and sparkles a good deal, but not being hopped it does not keep long. The people of Lahoul are accustomed to press out the glum with their hands, instead of filtering it, and mismanage the business also in other re- spects, so that their can is a gray muddy liquor, that has hardly any resemblance to beer. The residue of malt, called sbdn- ma, may be mixed with water or milk, pressed through a strainer, and used instead of barm in baking bread, cakes etc. Comp. can- /can beer -house, pot-house, tavern. - - can - can drinking - cup or bowl Sch , Wts. -- cdn-cem-can an intoxicated person. cdn-cem-sa Lex. prob. - cdn-sa. - can - Q tun - m/can a beer-drinker; *cdn- O fun-Kan mdn-po dzom* a great beer- drinking bout takes place W. *cdn-dad- can* a drunkard, tippler W. cdn-fsugs = can -can Sch. cdn- fson-gi Kyim beer- house Dzl. cdn-sa \. beer-house 2. beer- carousal, cdn-sa cen-po byed-pa to give or arrange a great beer-drinking bout Mil. <"<$* can-cun a little Sch. XT- cad 1. also cad -don, cad-mdo, W. ' *cdd-ka*, promise, engagement, agree- ment Ka-cdd oral, verbal engagement, lag- cad pledge of faith by hand ; cad - don byed-pa, *cdd-ka co-ce, zum-ce* W., to give a promise, make a contract; yton - (bai) cad(-don) byed-pa to agree about giving; cad-don Itar byed-pa to keep, fulfil a pro- mise ; cad-rdo 1 . the stone which is broken in the ceremony of rdo ycoy - pa q. v. 2. monument, memorial of a covenant. 2. in compounds also for cdd-pa punishment, lus-cdd corporeal punishment. for something, grags-pa-Ia for glory; 10 be attached to, to cling to, e.g. (Llii 8rdg- la ldy8-pa to life, !Jill-Ia to one's home, to one's native country; often: to liuffer one's self to be enticed by a thing, to indulge in; cags-par mi bya Jig8-par 'fiji lnJd-Bte allowing neither desire nor fear to have any influence upon himself Samb. - 2. sbst. love lust, passion for, affec- tion, attachment, 'tags-pa Bkyh-&Q he fell in love Dzl.; 'tags-pa sp!Jdd-pa _ ofrig-pa spyOd-pa. According to Buddhistic theory all cags-pa is a great evil, as it betrays a troubled state of mind, and a repre- hensible attachment to external things; yet even n saint, so far advanced in dispassion and apathy as :Milaraspa, may sometimes be caught in very tender alIections and sensations of 'tag8 - pa, very like those of other human creatures. Camp, I. Srhr. love and hatred, 2. Glr., Pth. jealousy (love showing itself in hatred), also 'tags-WUi-gi - lag8-8pydd coition, copulation, cf. lags - pa Ill, 2. - cag8-Zffl, also zen--ca[J8 = cdgs- pa sblOt. Mil.; -raga-zm M-?:e' lV, to love, c. la; caga-::cn mid-pa displlSsionate, in- (lilIercnt to all terrestrial things. - cag8- 8bn3 - Cag8 - Un. - Cdg8 - 8red - can l"th. lustful, libidinou$, wanton. J}:..' Can resp. sJ.ynm, }"aol- cwi, mOOd-lan C., a fermented liquor, beer, wine, (not 'brandy' Seh.); bu Bkyh- paola mili, cali dl'a,i8-pa-lar£am proverb: to the new-born child a name (is due), to the beer to be drunk a·talk; nds-lwi beer made of harley (the usual kind); bl'd.!- cwi of rice GI,.,; gro-cali of wbeat C8.; M- ram-cali, or bUr-cali of sugar Med.; "!fiin- Zan wine; sbrd>i - can Med, honey - wine, muIse, mead'? - Zd3-CaH, zan - cali eating and drinking, meat and drink. - slmi-, tig-, and lnu-can v. sub bag-ma, - Fig.: btll1i-ba d,.an-!lf3 bdud- rnii can my drink is the wine of wisdom's nectal' Mil. - Here the process of brewing may be mentioned, When tile bllrley (LL -sbo-b6d'", Ts. -(ab-) has grown cold, some -pahs- (q.v.) is added, after which it io; left standing for two or three duys, until fermentation commences, when it is called glum. Having sufficiently fermented, some water is poured to it, and the beer is considered to be rendy for use. If proper cnre is taken (and the people of G nOll Lndnk generally do so), the pale beel', thus obtained, ig not nmiss, and sparkles n good deal, but not being hopped it does not keep long. The people of Laboul ure accustomed to press out the [llum with their hands, instead of filtering it, and mismanage the business also in othr.r re- spects, so that their la>i is a gray muddy liquor, that has hardly any resemblance to beer. The residue or'malt, called aban- ma, lUay be mixed with water or milk, pressed through a strainer, and used instead of burm in baking bread, cakes etc. Compo Zdn - J.'a,i beer· house, pot. house, lavern. - l"dlj. - tan drinking - cup or bowl &ft, Wt3. - cdli-lem-tan an intoxicated person, - 'tdli-Cem-3a prob. = ca';--lla. - 'tdli - o(U/i - 1IIian a beer.drinker; 'elM- o{un - flan md,; - po dzom- a great beer- drinking bout tAkes place IV. - -cali-dad- can- a drunkard, tippler W: - cdli-(stf[ja- lali-can Sel, - eali-o{so>i-[ji Ifyim beer- house Dzl. - 'tun-sa 1. beer·house 2. beef, carousal, cali-sa em-po b!]Cd - pa to gi,'e or armnge a great beer.drinking hout Mil. ca4-c(lIi a little Se!l. cad J. MSO cad - d6n, lad - mM, lV. -cfid-ka-, promise, engagement, agree- ment oral, verbal engagement, lllfJ- cdd pledge of faith by hand; cad - don b!Jid-pa, -tdd-ka Cd-a, zUm_ce 9 tv., to gh·c a. promise, make a contrlWt; ft6,; - (bar) ((I(l(-<1on) byid-pa to agree about giving; cad-dJn lta" lnJM-pa to keep, fulfil a pro- mise; cad-rdd J. the stone which is broken in the ceremony of rdo y?:6g7pa q. v, 2. monument, memorial of a covenant.. - 2. in comlKlunds also for Coo-pallonisbment, Ius-cad eorporeal llUnishment. r (</</ - f>a I. sbst. , resp. bka - punishment: the preceding genit.. contrary to our usage, is the genit. of the punishing person, thus: rgydl-poi cdd-fn a punishment of the magistrates, i.e. a punishment decreed or inflicted by the magistrates, frq.; seldom, if ever, genit. of the punished action, and never that of the punished person. In classical language the usual construction of the words is the following: cdd-pas ycdd-pa to punish, mi zig - la somebody, . . . pas or ... pai pyir for having...; in more recent literature: aid-pa }'cod-pa Thgr., Glr.; cdd-pa fob-pa 1. to receive the fine incurred by another J. to suffer punishment, to pay a fine; nd-la $dd-pa pog punishment is inflicted on me, I am punished. II. 1. to promise, e.g. bkd-las mi ^gdl- Imr to obey. 2. v. sub O cdd-pa. III. adj. begotten, born, descended from; the Tibetans are sbreu dan srin-mo-nas (or las) cdd-pa the offspring of a monkey and a Rakshasi Glr.; sd-nas cdd-pai bu a full child Glr. 'dd-po 1. rent, torn, worn-out, ragged, tattered, sgyi-gu cdd-po a leaky purse. 2. a limited time, a term Sch. __.^.j_. cad-yig a written contract; cad- ' mdl-gyi yi-ge Glr. id. --.j-y...... cdd-lus-pa not to obtain the things hoped for, to be disap- pointed Sch. r cad -so 1. a limited time, a term. 2. a time-purchase Sch. 3. an agreement Tar. jry- can, also can-fug Sch., boiled corn or barley etc.; O bras-cdn rice-pap, nas- cdn barley-pap. can -pa a pair of scissors, but the common people know only shears, which are for various purposes; the scissors mentioned in surgical books are prob. of a nicer construction. M- cab, resp. and eleg. for "cu 1. water, dri-cdb scented water; sna-cdb, pyi- cdb, water which at the beginning and close of the meetings in the large mo- . _T. ,'i nasteries is handed round, and of whi li every one present takes a few drops on his tongue, as a symbol of purification, in place of the original ablutions. 2. for other fluids, as spyan - cd/> tears, Zal-?db spittle, ysan-cdb, or fab-yndn urine, ba-tab cow's urine (so with the Hindoos in /A, the cow being to them a sacred animal). - 3. in some compounds: power, dominion, authority. - c<ib-rkydn brass can. brass- (tea) pot with a long spout for pouring out tea, W.', also n. for Tibet, perh. on account of the large consumption of tea there. - cab - feu it privy ( x. - - fab - *g6 door, cab-sgo-pa door-keeper, porter. - *cab-dd* (spelling dubious) a wooden pail, of a similar shape as cab - rkydn W. - cab-brom, cab-rom ice. -- cab-bluy C. a vessel for rinsing one's mouth with water. cab-mig eleg. for cu-mig fountain, spring. - cab-fsod eleg. a watch, a clock. cab- ^6g what is subjected to a person's sway, territory, dominion etc., cab-^og-tu sdu-ba to subject; cab-^og-gi rgydl-po a vassal, feudal tenant Trig.; cab-^oa-pa, also cab- O bdiis one owing allegiance to a sovereign, a subject. -- cab-sog Cs. eleg. for letter, diploma etc. - - cab - set' eleg. for en matter, pus. cdb-ma W., C., also Mil., lid, valve : buckle, clasp, cab - tee, or %db - rtxe C. id. cabs Lex. tabs-ycig Sch. = fabs-yHg together. cam, in Mm-la Obebs-pa LAT. w.e.; Sch. : to throw down, to cause to lie down; to subdue, subject; to spend, con- sume, to have done with; by this last sig- nification it would be a syn. to zin-pa, and the circumstance that cams is used in Balti as an auxiliary vb. of the pf. tense agrees with that supposition, e.g. *zan zos-se cams* I have done eating, zos zin B. tdm-pa 1. cold (in the head), ca- tarrh; sne-Zdm id.; gre-?am catarrh in the throat, bronchial catarrh; glo-fdm catarrh in the lungs; rims-tdm an infect- a;-"f cdd-l'" I. sbst., resp. bka-llid, 1 punishment; the Ilreceding genit., contrnry to our usnge, is lile genit. of tbe punishing person, thus: ryyfi/-pO( rod'JIll II I,unishment of the mngistrates, i. e. ,. l'ulli"hment decreed or inflicted by the IlIf1gistratcs, frq.; seldom, if ever, genit. of the punished action, and never that of the punished !Ierson. 1u c1assicallnnguage tile usuAl construction of the words is tbe following: ldd-pll3 rMd-pa to Ilunish, lIIi zig - la somebody, ... pa3 or ... l)ai l;yir for b:wing ... ; in more rectltt literature: lli,l-pa )'W-pa Thyr., Glr.; edd-pa fdb-pa l. to rt!eeive the fine incurred by llDother '1. to suffer punishntent, to pny Jl, fine; lid-la eMfa pog punisllment is inflicted 011 me, J nm punished. II. 1. to promise, e.g. bkd-Iu8 mi o!ldl- b,1I' to obey. - 2. v. sub oldd-pa. III ndj. begotten, born, descended from; tbe Tibetans are Wrm dmi 3rin_mO_nlV (or l(8) ldd-pa the offspring of 1\ monkey nnd 1\ Rnkshasi Glr.; 3a-nfl.S ldd-pai bu 1\ full child Glr. a;-:;::r lad-po 1. rent, torn, worn-out, ragged, 1 tattered, 3gyi _flU iJdd - po a leaky IIUfSe. - 2. a limited time, a term $th. C;... lad - yig a written contract; cod- 1 mld-g'li yI-yc Glr. id. ldd-lu8-pa not to obtain the things hoped for, to be disap- pointed &1,. a;.... cad - 80 1. a limited time, a term. 1 _ 2. a time· purchase &11. - 3. an agreement Tar. can, also 'Can-tug &h., boiled corn or barley etc.; obras-Cdn rice-pap, tUIS- cdtl barley-pap. a;Jj'f cdn-pa a pair of scissors, but the common pcople know only shears, .....hich nre for various purp08es; the scissors mentioned in surgical books nre prob. of l\ nicer construction. cab, resp. and eleg. for 1. water, tlri-lab scented water; 8ria-cab, pyi- ldb, Wl\tcr which nt the beginning IUld close of thc mectings ill th'1 nasl.eriell is hllnded round, and of which every onc present ta.kfll a fe1\' drop' on his tonguc, u 1I. symbol of purific.t.ion, in placc of the original ablut.ions. - 2. for other fluids, as 'pya1/. _lab tean, lal-ldb spittle, )'Sari-cdb, or lab-piIIi. urine, ba·lob cow'. urine (so with the Jlindoo. in/-A., the cow being to tbem .. sacrel! animal). - 3. in some compounds: power, dominion, authority. - cab - rbyin bra" can, brus- (tea) pol with a long spout for pouring out ten., IV.; also II. for Tibet, perl.. on account of the large consumlltion of 16 there. - cab -l.lhi privy G,. - 'Cab - 3fJd door, lab-sgo-l)U door-keeper, porter. - "lab-1d' (spelling dllbious) II. wooden of a similar shape lIS lab· rl.ylifl lY. - cab-bI'6m, lab-r6m ice. - cah-blUg C. .. "'essel for rinsing onc's mouth witb ,,·atcr. lab-mig eleg. for cU_lIlig fountain, spring. - cab-6Qd cleg. a watch, a dock. - cab- what is subjected to Aperson's 8"·ay. territory, dominion etc., rdil-ba to subject; t'fJlJdl-po a vassAl, feudal tenant Ttifj.; Also lab-- ..bail3 one owing allegiance to a sovereign, a subject. - cab - 30g (.'5. eleg. for letter, diploma etc. - cab - sir eleg. for Crt -,;,. matter, pus. cab-lIIa W., C., also /IIil.• lid, vah'e; buckle. clasp, cab - tlt, or Cdb· flu C. id. lcWt Lu:. cabs-rHfJ &/1. = tabs-rHg together. a;.;::l' lam. in edm-la obDA-1'4 Lu. w.e.; &11.: to throw dOllm, to cause to lie down; to subdue, subject; to spend, con- sumt', to hay! done with; by this last sig- nification it would be • syn. to ::in.]Xl. allli the circumstAnce that lam3 is ill Balli lIS an auxiliary vb. of !lIe Ilf. tense agrees with thAt supposition, eo g. ·zan zc,-.t lan.," I ha,'e done ellting, - :c. :in JJ. clilll..1'4 1. cold (in the ca· tarrh; nlt'-lfim id.; tp't-lmlt catArrh in the thfOAt., bronchial C1'tarrh; f!lO-lfi/H cat,arrh jn the lungs; M».,-l,lm au infect- , 156 cam-me ing or epidemic catarrh. 2. 6s. = pa accord, accordance. cam-me slowly, by degrees, gradually fSfA/'. (cf. cem-me). car, termin. of ca, 1. into parts, e.g. bgd-ba to divide into parts. 2. as an equal, as a match, . . . la car mi pod he is not an equal to, cannot come up to ... Thgy.; . . . dan stoh -prag - car mi nye prob.: he does not come up to ... at all (lit. not for the thousandth part) Pth. ; so in a similar manner: brgyai car yah mi sleb Tar. - - 3. affixed to numerals, and sometimes, though less correctly, writ- ten car, q.v. The terminations of the cases mag be affixed to it: Ina cdr-gyis every fifth day Thgy. X^ car, also car-pa, 1. rain, car cen-po a plentiful rain, car drdg-po, or drag- car a heavy rain; car cen-pas or cd-bas as it rained heavily Pth.', car O bebs-pa to cause to rain; car Jbab it rains, W. * car- pa yon*; cdr-qyi rgyun a sudden or violent shower of rain Tar. 2. at Kyelang for watering-pot; this utensil having never been seen there before, the word was at first applied to it jestingly, but is now gene- rally adopted; cu-fsdg 'water-sieve' would be more correct. Comp. car-skyibs a shelter, pent-roof, pro- tecting from rain. car-Kebs dress against rain, rain-cloak. car-can, cdr-ldan rainy 6s. cdr-cu rain-water. -- cdr-dus rainy season. - - car - O dod (-byeu) n. of a bird, water-ousel. car-sprin a rain-threatening cloud. -- *ca--W(?) C. rain -cloak. - car-rlun rain and wind 6s. * car-sin* = car-skyibs W. car-len the coping or water-tile of a wall 6s. " cal, sku-cdl resp. belly, abdomen, 6s. cal-cil Lex., wavering, fluctuating Sch. cal-col Tar. 184, 20 = Q cal-la- O col-le. cdl-mar brddl-ba to spread equally, uniformly (vb. a.) \. cds-ka) cf. ca III., 1. thing, tool, requisite etc., se-mo-do-la sogs- pai cds-kyis brgydn-te adorned with or- naments of pearls and other things Mil.; dga-ston-gyi cas rgya cen-po grand festival arrangements; cas de-mams bsig overturn the whole affair! Glr.; bag-mar rdzon-bai cas things to be given to her as a dowry Tar. 121, 5; Icdgs-cas iron tools or uten- sils; ltd- cas food; dmag-cas military stores, requisites for war Pth. ; O fso-cas provisions Mil. ; lag - cas tool, instrument 6s. 2. dress, garment, po-cas man's dress; cas- gos, W. *g6n-ce*, coat, dress; in a more general sense : appearance, form, shape, bud- med-kyi cds-su bydste appearing in the shape of a woman Glr. ; hor-cas byed he puts on a Mongol dress Ma. ; bu-moi cds- su zugs he puts on a girl's dress, disguises himself as a girl Glr., Pth.', cas sgyur-ba to put on, to assume another dress. <5$pq- cds-pa, originally the pf. of cd-ba, but always used as a separate vb. 1. to set out, set forth, depart, cas dgds-par as I must depart from here Thgy.; bod- du cds-so they set out for Tibet Glr.', dus- )'cig-tu cds-so they departed at the same time Dzl.; cds-su Jug-pa to send away, dis- patch; mgyogs- cas yton-ba to rush, run to- wards. -- 2. to set about, to begin, j'sdd- par to kill; ^gro-bar cds-pa-las when he made arrangements to depart Dzl; also in the following manner; da pyir O don-no zes cds -pa 'now we will return' they said, making preparations, or: saying thus, they made preparations Dzl; fugs cds-so he had set his mind on departing Mil cb* ci num. fig.: 36. (S'^TJ* ci-ka wallet, knapsack W. *'y ci-tra W. variegated, figured, of fabrics, onomatopoetic word for snuffing up scents by the nose; *zim-zim M-ma ci-li-li Kyer* C. sweet odours of cakes are meeting us; me -tog dri-ma ci-li-li the perfumes of flowers are per- ceptible Mil 1M cam-me &is (&A. ldl-,{oa) cr. lo. lIT., I. lhirtg, requisite etc., .Now-dtHa • ]J'Qi la._kyU brgyd".u adorned lPo,ith or- namenUi of pearls anel olher tbings Mil.; dga..wJn-gyi car lin-po grand festi.al arn.ugements; lar biig o.erturD tbe wbole aJra.jr! Glr.; bti!J"ffUU' rd:O".b.,i lar things to be gi..en to ber as a do",,'ry Tar, 121, 3; lbigt-ltu iron tools or uten- ails; food; dmaff"lat military stores, rcqUliJltes [or war Ptlt..; .(l6-ca, prorisiODS Mil.; lag - Call instrument lA, _ 2. drns, tid - (al mll.D', dress; gO., IV: ·!JOn-'lI·, cont, dreilSj io u. morc general sense: appearance, form, shape, 00(1. mtd -lyi - Itt h!ld,te appearing in the shape of Q woman Gb·.; hyed lie puts on a Mongol dress Nit.; hU'71wi cd,- :u.g. he puUi on a girl's dress, disguises himself as II. girl Gir., 1"111.; las '9!1"r-ha to on, to assume aDother dress. zu,-pa, originally the pf. of C(j-ba, but aJlI'nys used III a separate vb. 1. to set out, set lorttl, depart, tta dfP-par a.s 1 must depart. [roIl,i here Tltgy.; hQd. dll, Ms-llll they set out for Tibet GIr,; dill- }'!'g.tu <'"dt-to they departed at the snme tlllle Dd.; tl"dI-tu .Jit!J'1'4 to send :l."<fa)', dis- palGb; ""9ydg1-ccu }'tOH-OO 10 M1sh, run to- -:- 2. to set about, to begin, }-.6d- par to kill; o!IrO-bar la.-pa./alI wben he made arrangements to depart Dd.; also in the following mllDnu; do hir Zn rn.-.1'" 'now we will return' tbey said, making prepllr.ltions, or: &aying Ibus, lhey made prepnmtions D.:l.; tU{fl cdHo he bad 6et bis miod on departing .Mil. Ci. num. fig.: 36. :3'''1' '{i-ka wallet, knapsack .v. :is'':;' iii-tra IV. variegated, figured, of fabrics, onomatopoetic word for snuffing up scents by the nose; t}i-ma 'll-li-U 1l!JW. odoors of cnkes are mceling us; mJ-tog drl-ma n-/i·fi the perfUIl,ie$ of flowers are per- ocpubl••Vi/. ing or epidemic catarrh. - 2. w. _ &im- p« accord, accordance. • Mm·wu! slowly, by degrees, gradualty &It,.. (d lnn-mJ). lar, termin. of la, 1. info parls, e.g. lJg6-ba to divide ioto p&IU. _ 2. as an equal, as a match, '" la 'tar Jlfi jxJfl he is DOt an equal to, cannot come up 10 ••• TJ.!l!I'; ... dan ,tOIi-fn"og_&w mj Ilrob.: he does not come up to ... at all (lit. DOt for the thousandth pan) PM.; 80 in a similar manner: brgyai car yan mi ,II/) Tar, - 3. affixed to Dltmtrals, and sometimes, though less correclly, writ-- ten ear, q.v. The terminations of the cases mAg be affixed to it: lila 'ldr-f/Yu every fifth day 7'hgy. $" lar, nlso car-pa, 1. rain, lar 'till-PO II. plentiful min, ear d,.d.!I'"]X), or dl'UfJ- /far D hctl.vy miD; cur cm-ptu or U-bo. liS it rained heavily Prll.; car obN»-pa to eMse to rain; lay.bah it mins, IV: ·'u,,, 1'« yoil-; 'lar'w<1!fl' rgytl# & sudden or violent shower of rain Tar. - 2. at Kyelaog for watering-pol; this utensil having ne\'er been seeD there before, the word "'tIS at first applied to it jestingly, but is now gene-- rally adopted; O&-(qg ""ould be more OOm:d. Compo mr-YryibJ a shelter, pent...ool, pro- tecting from raiD. - car-lib. dress againllt nUn, rain-doak. - ldr-mn, fal'-iJ(nI rainy G. - ld,...lu rain-water. - ctiNitu rainy season. - lar-.d6d(-hytu) n. of a bird, water-ousel. - lar4prin a min-threntcning cloud. - 'car -MlO(I) C. min - c1Ollk. _ min llnd wind c.. _ "lar-Jii<· - lar-.J.yiu. - lar-lhi the coping or WllUlr-tile of a wall Cs. lal, resp. belly, abdomen, G. lal-Bl La., wnvering, Iluctuatiug &h. iraJ-Ml Tar. 184, 20 - .lal-la- .000-h, ltil-wtm- brddl-b<t to sprud eqnally, uniforml)' a.) 159 one, as the first part of compound numbers: cig-bbu 10, </>/- a 100, ci(/-sfon 1000, <///-/// a myriad etc.; also: <-i</-rki/<hi /,*./., <SV7/'. : 'separate, -ingle, one alone'; r/y-.s/y/.s J/,,/., *< : itj-idit Ml. f ;/-/-///A ii. of a plant ./JAW.; &-A. :I!MI: r-iy-fiib-pa to be able to do a thing alone; ciy-dril Mi. : rolled, wrapped, packed up (in one parcel or bundle); r/V/-A;A />y&- to talk to one's self, to hold a soliloquy '^T cid-pa v. pyid-ba. c$-_pa equal, uniform, suitable <SV7<. l>s(-pa) resp. horse, riding- horse, saddle-horse, abs-la O ab- pa (for rfcWa zon-pa) to get on horseback, to mount; to go on horseback, to ride; fibs -las yzol-ba to dismount, "cibs zol-la naii* ('. may your honour please to dis- mount; Kydd-kyi cibx-su Jbul I give it you for a riding-horse Mil. Comp. cibs-ka Krid-pa to lead a horse by the bridle Schr.; cibs-Ka fub-pa to have the command of the bridle, fig. : to be ex- pert in ruling Ld.-Glr. p. 14, a, Schl. where j\i/ibs is incorr.). cibs-cds a horse's fur- niture, harness ( is. cibs-fur the head-piece of a bridle. cibs-dpon a master groom, equerry. - ;//-/ a stable for horses. ^ cu I. num. fig.: 66. II. sbst. (resp. cab) 1. water; cu </// sai bu is said to be a poetical name for wood; O bdb-cu lit. descending water, viz. brook, river, also rain. --2. brook, river, cu Kydm-po overflowing rivers, floods Ma. ; fd/t-cu a river or rivulet of the plain; ri-yzdr-cu cataract, mountain torrent Glr. 3. water in the body: snyin-cu dropsy in the pericardium, pdys-cu anasarca Mfd. ; pdys-cu-ziigs one suffering from anasarca; v. also cu-sfr; esp. euphem. for urine; mi- cu urine of men, bd-cu of cows Med.; cu ni cu O dra the urine is like water Med. - 4. v. cu-zc/i. Comp. cu-ktioi river, e.g. cu-klun gan- gd the river Ganges Dzl - - tu-klt,. 'the body of a river', yet v. /////*. - fa- i/ki/fl the middle of a river. hi-rkydl a leather bag for water C. -- cu-skdd the voice of the waters, the sound of rushing water. cu-skdr, ran-luy-cu-kor water- mill (ih: - cu-skyur n. of a bird 7'///y., Mi. : 'bittern, snipe'; also n. of a plant. <4- skyur I. Lt.\ acidulous mineral waters 2. C.: vinegar. - cu-*kyh 'water-born', the lotus Glr. cu-skydr a handful of water. cu- Ka the bank or brink of a river. cu-Kuy bay, gulf. - cu-J&r containing water, po. for cloud; a native proposed to use this word also for sponge, which is a commodity hitherto unknown in Tibet. - cu- Kyil puddle, pool. -- cu-ydn 1. full of water. 2. = cu-sydn (v. -s^///) which latter is prob. the more correct spelling. :i. Dzl. M^S, 2; %&?, 18 = ^nq virtue, hom-ty. v. Schf. on this passage. - - cu-yn a sort of knife; Tar. 43, 1 Schf. razor; also the attribute of a god, a weapon with a curved blade Sty. cu-yrdy Sch. : rivulet, brook ; dish-water, rinsings; 'boiled water (?). - cu - mgo C. source or head of a river. - cu-ydys stoppage or retention of urine, ischury. cu-ydys Jbiys the ischury is re- moved (lit. bored through) Mi<l. - cu- O ffi'dm bank of a river; cu-grdm-gyi sin a tree on the edge of a river, a me- taphor for frail and perishable things. - cu-ryyun the streaming, continual flow- ing, current, often fig. cu-sgun the wa- ter-egg, po. for moon Mt. - - $u-ndgs v. iioys. - - *cu-ta-gir* W. flour-dumplings, boiled in water. *cu-stdn* W. swaddling- cloth. *cu-fdg*W. calamus, sweet-scented flag, or some similar plant. cu - fum Sch.: 'a swelling in the flesh, or a tumour filled with water'. cti-mfd the side or bank of a river, *cu-td tsiig-pa* (the ava- lanche came down) even to the river side, - cu-ddr H'<//-. a small prayer-flag stuck up close to the river, in order to avert in- undations. cu - diig Sch. : 'a poisonous plant, hemlock', but Tibetans usually un- derstand by it the stupefying power ascribed to certain rivers. cu-ddii a deep well. e.g - )'Hg one, as the first fllut of (.'Ompoulid numbers: 10, 8g- brgyfl 100, c{g.,tQ71 1000, n!J.Jrri a U))'l'illd etc.; also: ciU-rJ.:yd/i La" &/11'.: 'separnte, single, one nlone'; Cifr4l.yh cifJ-M" Mf(!.t - Ci!J-f1i!J u. of 41'1ll.ot Mtd.; &/1. ul;;o: ns-(itb-l'll io be nble to do II. thin/( alone; ci!J-f1ri1 Se;": rolled, wrapped, packed up (in one pl\rcel or bUlIdle); ci!J-ldb bgbl.- JKl to tllile. to one'lj self, to hold a soliloquy &111'. Cifi(.) v.,,'li,;-ba. Cid-pa v. P!lfd-ba. i"ib-pa equal, uniform, suitnltle &/1. abl(-pa) resp. horse, riding- horse, .addle-horse, [;bl-Ia obb- pa (for rld-la Mll-pa) to get on horseback, to mount; to go on horseback, to ride; 'filA-la. rMl-ba to dismount, ''Nbi !:til-la 1Imi' C, mn)- your honour please io dis- mount; I..:"ld-I..;;; 'HbtJ-IU /ml l gire it you for ll. riding-horse Mil. Compo 1!l'btJ..A;a J!dd-pa to lead a. horse by the blidle &hl'.; Cibl-I..'a (itb-pa to have the command of the bridle, fig.; to be ex- pert in ruliug I.-(I.·GII'. p. 1<1, n, &hl. where JlyilA is illcorr.). - i'!ibs·c(i. a IlOrse's fur- niture, harnesses. - i"i!Ja,(uI'the head-piece of ll. bridle. - cibl-dpdll 1I lllo.ster groom, equerry. - MIA-I'd a stable fOI' horses. lu I. Dum. fig.: GG. B. sust. (resp. lab) 1. water; ('U dUli •ai 1m is said to be a poetical n:lme for wood; /xib-clt lit. descending waUJr, ,·il:. brook, river, also rain. - 2. brook, river, hl ,,(ydm-po overllowing rivers, floods Ma.; (rb'·ffi a ri"er or ri,'ulet of the Illain; l'i-r::dr.hl cataract, mountain torrent Gir. - 3. waleI' in Ihe body: ."yi,j. ru drops)' in tho pericardium, ptlg••ffi anasarCA M«l.; one suffering from lUlnSareA; Y. also CU.,&; esp. euphem. for urine; 11lt'- murine of men, ba-eu of cows Moo.; ('It tli moclra the urine is like wal.er Mtel. - 4. v. -t '1 Compo (;l-H,i,j river, e.g. Cll-Hul; gllli- gtl the river GAD/ol'eI 11:1. - IN-kM,, u.: 'the body of a river', yet V. kloH. _ I"u- d1yjl lhe middle oC A river. - n,-rk!fdl a IentileI' bAR for Willer C•. - n-kd<! the voice of the waUJrs, tile 80IInd (Jf rUHhing water. - ;tu.d-Qr, Ta,j-ttig-lu-d-Qr water- mill Gfr. - lil.,Ayu,· n. of a Lin! 1'119'1" &n.: 'bittem, snipe'; also n. of a plant. - ev- 1I..·!j1il' I. /.,t.: acidulous mineral waters 2. e,: vinegar. - ru-J.·yh 'wllter-bom" the lotus Gfr. - 'i!rt.-sJ.y,r a hll.ndful of water. Cit -1'a the bank or brink of a rin:r. _ en -!lItg bay, gulf. - Cu ."It"r eont/l.ining wDter, po. for cloud; a Dative proposed to use this word also ror sponge, wllicli is a commodity hit.herto unkoown in Tibet. _ rn-"R!Jf1 pUddle, pool. - 'Cu-gdn I. full of "'·lIter. 2. = Cu-igtlli (". 'yan) which latter is prob. the more correct spelling. :1. Dzi. ?1o$, 2; :(;::>"?, 18 - lJif:f virtue, v. &1,j. on tbis po.ssago. - rn-gri l\ sort of knire; Tar. 4.3, I &1,j ruor; also the :lttribute of a god, A weapon with Acur"ed blade Sfy. - Cu-" &h.: rh'ulet, brook; dish - wAter, rinsings; 'wiled water (?). - I!u. 111$0 C. source or head of a nVl'r. - ("U-gags stoPIIll.ge or retention of urine, ischury, lu· gay' ,,In'gl the ischury is re- mo\"('d (lit. Lored through) Jl(i!l. - Cit- ou"dm bank of Ii ri"er; Cit· gram. gyi .un a tree Oll the edge of & rirer, " DIe- 131'hor for frail and J1erishable thiugs. - C'u - T!l1!'in the streaming, continUAl no....·· iog, current, often fig. - Cu-'!IUH toe WA- tcr-cgg, po. for moon &11. - Cu-Jf6g1 v. ;/(398. - -lu._tu.gt·r· 11'. Oour_dwopling$, boiled in water. - ·Nl-.t/ill· swaddling. cloth. - -lu.(tirl W: ellb,nlus, sweet-sct:nted flag, or some similAr plant. - k - (1I11U &h.: 'e. swelling ill the Ol:sll, or .. tumour Jilled with water'. - ,-,"-m(ri the side or bank of a ri"er, -n,-fd t'''[Hl(j· (the aVll.- lanche came down) e"cn to the ri"er side. - (11-{((I" Will.. a sluall PI'AJu·tlag stuck up close to the ri"cr, in order to uert in- undlltions. - {(., - d"U $cn..: '. poisonous plant, hemlock', but TiLcWls u",uallJ uu· ,lerstnud h)' stupc.f)'iug power ascribe;] to certain n,-ol'8. - m-{lM a deep welL- cu cu cu-mdd a jet, a spouting forth of water Med. cu-mdd f mouth (of a river), spout (of a tea-pot)' Sch. ; but v. mcu. cu- mdog the colour of urine Med. cu-rdo C. small rounded pebbles, as in brooks. cu-ndg inundation, flood (?) Ma. -- cu- rndg matter, pus Sch. cu-snod 1. pitcher, jug. 2. Schr.: chamber -pot (yet in W. at least this article of luxury is not known). - cu-pa water-carrier. cu-pydg-pa is enumerated among other synonyms to gru- pa, signifying a ferry-man, water-man. cu-prdn a little river, brook. cu-bdr \. ('between the waters') isthmus, neck of land. 2. p. n. of a place in Tibet. cu-bdl n. of an aquatic plant Wdn. -- cu-bun white paint for the face Sch. cu-bor 1 . bubble, also cui cu-bur 2. blister, bladder, vesicle, e.g. occasioned by a burn or a vesicatory Lt. 3. boil, ulcer, abscess Thgy., 4. sai cu- bur a word describing the foetus five days after conception Thgy. cu-bur-can \. n. of a hell Tkgy. 2. the eye Schr. cu- bo river, frq., cu-bo-ri n. of a mountain with a monastery two days' journey from Lhasa G-lr. -- cu-byd a water-bird; Sch.: cu-byd dkdr-po swan, cu-byd mgo-dmdr stork (not known in W.). cu-byi water- rat Sch. cu-lbdg v. Ibag. cu-sbur I. Sch.: 'driftwood and the like', prob. more cor- rectly : thin pieces of wood, chips, chaff etc. floating on the water. 2. water-beetle Med. - cu- stoul water - snake , not a mytho- logical conception, like klu, but a really existing animal, though for Tibetans a somewhat faboulous one, as they have ne- ver seen the creature itself. The eel (Sch.) can hardly be meant by it. cu-mig 1. spring, fountain frq. 2. n. of a vein Med. cu-rtsd v. cu-cu, as a separate article. -cu-fsdgs i. a strainer, sieve, 2. watering- pot. - - cu-fsdn 1. hot water, 2. warm water, not too hot for drinking Med. 3. a hot spring Sch. cu-fsod 1. the clepsydra or water -clock of ancient India. 2. clock in general, cu-fsod- K6r-lo a wheel-clock. 3. the Indian hour = Kyim or 24 minutes. 4. the European hour; W.: *cu-fsod nyis ma leb* it is not yet two o'clock. cu- O dzin po. cloud Mil. - - cu- rdzd earthen vessel for water, water-jar. cu-zen (Lex. ffftWTf) long and broad, area, superficial extent, cu-zen Kru-brgydd-pa eight cubits long and broad Dzl.; also cu-zeh-gdb-pa, e.g. cu-zen-gdb-pa-la dpag-fsdd brgydd-cu Glr.; cu-zen-srab-fug in length, breadth and height; also separately: cur dpag-fsdd 3Y*oo, ^n.fiu y^ ^voo? mfa-skor-du dpag- fsdd ?oooo ydd-ya 2500 miles in length, 2500 miles in breadth, 10000 in circum- ference; yet except in this connexion cu alone is never used for length. As an- other signification of cu-zen-gdb-pa Schr. mentions moreover: proportioned, symme- trical; others have: beautiful, great, con- siderable, which e.g. is its proper meaning in: cu - zen - gab - pa nya - grodha Stg. the stately fig-tree. cu-zem water-tub. cu- zld 1. the image, the reflexion of the moon in the water; a sort of deception of the senses by witchcraft. 2. the water-month, the first month. cu-yzdr a large ladle Cs. - cu-bzom a covered bucket for carrying water. cu-^6bs water-ditch Sch. cu-yar col. water-rat (?) cu-rdgs dam, dike. cu- ri 'hill of water', billow. -- cu-rud water rushing in, inundation, deluge. cu-rldbs wave, billow Dzl. cu-ldg the arm of a river Glr. cu-lud Sch. dung, manure^?) cu-16 n. of an edible plant S.g. cu- I6g floods. -- cu-tin, dam, dike Tar. 56, 15. Lis. cu-sin wood drifted away by the water = cu- grdm-gyi sin v. above; or the translation of ^i^ft plantain or ba- nana-tree with its spongy wood, in the place of which the Tibetan thinks of the ^6m - bu , a shrub of similar qualities , at any rate a symbol of perishableness, of the frailty of life. cu-sun Sch. surface of the water (?) cu-sel v. sel. - - cu- }'s6ti Dzl. 9&Q, 17. a ravine containing water. cu-sd river-mud, as manure. cu-ser 1. animal water, serum, whether normal, or of a morbid character Med. 2. matter, pus. cu-srdn, = -^ cu-fsod, i.e. a minute; the Indian or Tibetan minute is 15$ ,. i!u--mdd a jet, a spouting forth of water mil feb· it is not yet two o'clock. Cu- Moo. - ffi-mdtJ 'mouth (of a rh'cr), spout QJ::fn po. cloud Mil. - nt-,'J::d eartilen (of (l. ten-pot)' Sr/l.; but v. tilt'll. - at- vessel for water, water·jar. - eli-ziti (lA'.:r, mdOg the colour of orine Moo. - lu-rdtJ long and broad, aN!a, superficial C. small rounded pebbles, lU:! in brooks. - extent, eu-Ml I!ru.lwg!Jdd-pa eight cubits Cit-mig inundation, l1ood(?) Ma. - bt- long and broad D::l.; also lu-ufi-gab-pa, ''nag matter, pus &11. - ru-swxl I. pitcher, e.g. i'iu'Zen-gab-pa-Ia dpag-Md b'WIid-i:u jug. '.I. &lw.: chamber·pot (yet in at Glr.; at-zeli-mw-(/f9 in length, breadth least this article of luxury is not known). nnd height; also sepllrately: Cur dpu!J-(sdd - 'lU-pa water-carrier. - Cu-llyug-pa is .:r,-eo, :h1-du yah -tI'::o, m(a-s}.>or-du dpag- enumerated among other synon)'ms toy"zi- fnid;P= y6d-pa 2500 miles in length, pa, eignifying a ferry-man, water-mnn. - 2500 miles in breadth, 10000 in circum- eu-prdn a little river, brook. _ eu-/xi,. l. ference; yet except in this eonnwon Cu ('between the waters') istllmus, neck ofland. alone is ne"er used for length. As an- 2. p. n. of a place in Tibet. _ ('U-bdl n. other signification of eu-ztii-ydb-pa Schr. of an aquntic plnnt Wd,i. - eu-Mn white mentions moreO\'er: proportioned, symme- pnint for the face &/1. - rn-bOr 1. bubble, trieal; others have: beautiful, great, con- also Cui eu-bUr 2. blister, bladder, vesicle, sideroble, which e.g. is its proper menning e.g. occasioned by a burn or a "esicntory in; Cu - Zeli - !Ju/) - pa lI!Ja - [ll'odlzu Stg. the Lf. 3. boil, ulcer, abscess 'J'h!JlI" .t. $ui tu- stately fig-tree. - waler-tub. - eu- bitr n word describing the foetus fi"e days zld I. the image, tlle renexion ofthe moon after conception Thgy. - cu-lm,.-i:an 1. in the wnter; a sort of deception of the n. of n hell Tl'flY' 2. the eye &ltr. - Cit- senses by witchcraft.. 2. the water-mOntn, bl') river, frq., l!iI-bo-,'i n. of a mountain the first month. -'lll-YZUI' a large ladle O. with a monastery two days' jouroey from - ['U-b:dm a covered bucket for carrying LhMa Glr. - rn-byd a water-bird; &1,... wflter. - water-ditch &/z. - eu_yar eu-byd dkdr -po swan, eu-bgd mfYJ-Jmdr col. water-rat(?) - eu-,'u[P dam, dike:-lu- stork (not known in lV.). - tu-by{ water- ri 'hill of water', billow. - eu-"ud water rat&h. - v.lwg. - cu-sWa' J. &/1.: rushing in, inundalion, deluge. - m-rlabs 'driftwood and the like', prob. more cor- wave, billow Dzi. - eu-lu!J the arm of a reetly: thin pieee80f wood, chips, chaff etc. river Gb·. - cu-1Ud &/1. dung, manure(?) floating on the water. 2. water-beetle Med. - eu-lQ n. of all. edible plant S.y. - ffl- - w-wrill waler-snake, not a mYlho- lrJg floods. - i!u-ldn, dam, dike Tar. M, logical conception, like klu, but a really lao /"i8. - tu-shi wood drifted away by existing animal, though for Tibetans a the water = tu-o!I"am1/!Ji $ili y. above; or somewhat faboulous one, as they have ne- the translation of plantain or ba- ver seen thll creature itself. The eel (&h.) nnnn-tree with its spongy wood, in the enn hardly be meant by it. - r. place of which tlle Tibetan think8 of the spring, fountain frq. 2. n. of n vein Ned. _ bu, a shrub of similar qualities, at - eu-md v. eu-rn, as a separote article. allY rate l\ symbol of perishableness, of - ffl-fsd$s I. a strainer, sieve, 'J.. watering- the frailty of life. - C1Wu,j &/1. surface pol - Cu-(s«n 1. hot water, 2. warm of the wuter(?) - cu-UI Y. 81'1. - Cu- water, not too hot for drinking Moo. 3_ a )'isdit D=l. ?¢12, 17. a rtwine cont:uning hot sprmg &11. - Cu-(s6d t. the cleps)'dra WI\ter. - rn-sd river-mud, as manure. - or water-clock of ancient India. 2. clock cu-sb' L tlllimal water, serum, whetller in general, eu-(sod-oJMr-w a wbeel-dock. nonnal, or of a morbid chaT'.Jcter Ned.- 3. !he Indian hour = '* Ilgt'm or 24 minutes. 2. matter, pus. - (u4l'/i>i, - Tit cu-(wd, i.e. •. the European 1I0ur; 1J!'- fWd n!!i!/ a mipute; the Indinn or TibetRn minute is IM CU-CU (|ual to 24 of our seconds, = 6 dtnujs Wdk., <t -it - f*<></. -- cu-srin a water- or sea- monster, also Capricorn in the Zodiac. - en - I/id water -god (Fonqpo); also = klui Kr-ba cu-cu, la-cu, rhubarb, cu-rtsd its root, used as dye and as a laxative 6'. " cumin four years ago C., W. _.... cii-jxi \. C. a man's dress, coat, - 2. water-carrier. x^q- cii-ba a large sinew, of which there are 16 ace. to Tibetan anatomy; cu- ba ldog-pa a contraction of the sinews Cs., za-ba lameness, paralysis of the sinews Sch. cu-rgym (TjTRl) sinews, ligaments and nerves (there are 900 rg-yw-pa); with respect to these, as well as to the veins, Tibetan science seems to be rather in the dark. cu-rtsd 'sinew-veins', a term com- ing nearest to what we call the nerves. cu-ba-lna-lddn, and Ina-len C's. names of countries in India. M. cu-ma-rtsi a medicinal herb Med. cu-ma-lon, *tfu-gu cu-ma-lon* Ld. an infant, baby. cu-so the external and internal uri- nary organs. uy v- jvg-po- cun-ba 1. adj. col. cun-nu, W. also *cun-se*, little, small, cun-ci's-pas Dzl. when he was very little; young, bu cun-ba or -nu the younger or the youngest son; lo-cun young in years; ma- cun the younger sister of the mother; *'d-pa cun- nu* the younger brother of the father; the younger or the youngest of the fathers (in polyandry); cun-iiu-nas up from infancy; t-tiH-<ji'6gs an early friend, friend of one's youth; cun-zdd a little, cf. cun-zad\ <>///- (gyi} sri a devil devouring infants, infnnts- devil; *nyin-Kdm-, iio-mig-, pod-*, or*nyom- c&n-se* W. shy, timid. 2. vb. to be little, small etc., snyin ma cun cig Glr., be not timorous, do not fear! O dun-ma rgya ma cun rig let the consultation not be tri- fling, let at once something of moment be consulted; O dun~ma rgya mi cun-bar byetl- </<> let us now decide on important thing* Glr.; cu/ix-pa pf., tunt-pa yin-nam \ it too unimportant? Mil. (cun-juy v.^a). cit/i-ma, C. also *cuii-gr6gi fan- <lriit*, resp. btoun-nu>, wife, contort partner /, C.; Un-pa to marry; mi tig-gi cun-mar byed-pa to be made a man's wife, to be married. xr- cud occurs only in cud-yzon-pa, -yton- ' pa, -ysan-pa, -za-ba, seldom - O dza-ba (Lex.') to consume, spend, waste; cud m za-ba inexhaustible. cud-pa = Otsud-pa, jug-pa, to QO, get in or into, to enter, to put in or into etc., to go into a town Dzl.\ of food entering the body Dzl.', gan yan run-ba mi cud-pa med all without distinction may enter (my religion), says Buddha, in op- position to the aristocratic exclusiveness of Brahmanism Dzl.; fugs-su cud-pa, resp., to impress on one's mind; Koii-du v. Kon- pa; ^og-tu to subject Tar.; grdbs-su c. ac- cus. to procure, to provide or furnish one's self with a thing Mil. rr' cun , occurs in zin - cun one that is ^*" watering or taking care of fields, tsdt- cun gardens ^ol-cun meadows IA\. cun-po (^TTf) ' bunch, bundle, tuft, tassel, ornament, of silk, pearls etc. " cun-ma the second wife in rank. cnn-tse Hal. little, small. &'l b-p a > a corruption of cud-pa, kun cub-par byao all this is to be well impressed on the mind; dban-po fams-cdd- du cub- pa to pass through, to penetrate, every organ Stg. xxr^r cf'm-fxt. ji</x-cnnt-i><i Mil., to shrink, to crouch with fear. xx- "'> terrain, of fo; c\ir O ci-ba to be ^ drowned. ._-.. ciir-ba a kind of vermicelli, prepar- ed from butter -milk boiled A/0dL, U. eqlUd to 24 of ollr seconds, '" 6 11hI1fJ' Wilk., ef. "1 - (Wil. - Ctt. _/frill Il wl'lter- or sea- monster, II.lso Ctlilricorn in the Zodinc. - Cu ·1Jlli water-god (Vuru(lu); also _ HIli ''!JYlil-llO. Cu_(N, _ la-ro, rhubarb, cu·,·lad its root, used as dye Rnd as lllllxati,'c G: at-nl'; lour yeal'$ ago c., w. '{,i.1'a I. C. II. man's dress, coat, - 2, water·carrier, ';"::1' (-u.f.Ja a large sinew, of wllich there '<!:i are 16 /\Ce. to TibetAn nnntomy; b't- ba ld6tl-prt Acontrnction of the sinews (,•., :d - ba Inmeness, paralysis of the sinews &11. - Cu·''9!fli. (1ifTQ) sinews, lig-nments lInd Ilene.. (there (\l'e1loo ''f/!Jus-pa); with respect to these, tlS wen tIS to the veins, Tibetan science seems to be rather in tile dark. - 'sinew-veins', Aterm com- ing nearest to what we call tbe nerves. - (u-ba..J,ia-Min, and bia-lbl (,•. names of countries in Indin, Cu-lIla-l'ui R medicinal herh .l!e(I. cu_ma_loli· Ld, an mfant, baby. cu-sd the external lind internni uri- nary organs, Cug v. Jlig..pa. lJi,j-bfJ 1. ndj. col. CUn-1IIt, W: nLso ·lJin_at', little, small, eun-Ch-l'lI8 D::l. when he was very little; young, bu I:u,i-ba or ..,ju the younger or the youngest son; lo-Citli young iu years; rna-e,i,; the younger sister of tho mother; ··d-pa ('w,i_ ng· the )'ounger brother of the fatber; Ihe )'ounger or the youngest of the fathers (in polyandry); lU,l_l;w..nl1ll up from infancy; nn ellrly friend, friend of one's youth; C1oi-.:dd n little, d. iwi-::ud; alH· (y!p) .ri tI. devil devouring infant....., infnnls- devil; ·n!liH.. >in-mig-, ixxl-·, or·nyom- aili _u· lV. slly, timid. - 2, vb. to be little, small etc" myi,i lIIa (wi NfJ GIl'" be not timorous, do not fear! .dim-lIIa /'fIya ma niH Ng let the consult",Gon nAt be ui- ):,0 lIing, let at once I()mething of rnoment be consulted; 1'9ya #Ii twti..oor do let us now decide on important t1linr Glr.; n;';'''IUl pf., lU-';'.JIU yi.-nalll i.. it 100 unimportAnt? Mil. (Culi-Jliy ,.)a). C!in .. ma. C, also ·lNti-g..og., IN,,j.. .1/n'.·, resll. bLonin-lIIo, wife, consort, partner fl., C,; Un-pa to marry; "Ii Hg-gi Coin-mal' byrd-pa to be made a man', wife, to be mnrried. lud occurs onl)' in 8«1-j':on-l//l, -ftOn- p<t, ·l"an-pa, -za-ba, seldom •• (Lu.) to consume, spend, waste; nul '" :/i-ba inexhaustible. "litfi..pa - .tuKl-pa, JUU-l"XJ., to go, "'\ get in or into, to enter, to put in or into etc., to go into a town D:l.; of food enterinR the body D:l.; gan yail nin-ba 1I/i bid-pa 1I/t(J aU without distinction rnay coter (my religion), SA)'S in op- position to the nristocratic exc!usi,elle"s of Bmhmanism D:l.; {Hg.-m (Hd_pa, I'eSjl., to impress on one', mind; l(oti-du. "1". I!qH- Jill i to subjcct Tal'.; grdlA-su Co tIC- CIlS. to procure, to provide or furnish one's self with 3 thing Nil. am, occurs in :iii: _Cun one Ibnt is watE>ring or taking ClIorc of fields, (Mif- am gardens meadows /"(1, eun-po l. bunch, bundle. '1, tuff, tauel, omament, of silk, pellrlS .. (Iin-ma the second wife in rank. - bill-IU' flal. little, small. ..q eli!J-pa, Il corruption of c.;,d-pa, .hue eidJ-pal' bV(lo 1111 this is to be well impressed on the mind; IlIxJ'i-po (aHl.-tdd- Ilu rub-pa to pI\SS tltrollgh, to 11Cfltlrate., c"ery orgtlP Stfl' ..:;..;J':J' ,)i!JI-Cu"I-pa Mil" to aMnk, '<;S" to crouch with fear. ... Cur, termin, of bt; tilr ."cj·ba to be drowned. cHr-OO I\. kind of prepar- ..... cd from butter-milk boiled AI,.t, lid. -&tn',., 160 cits cem(s) r-ri' cus 1. instrum. of cu; Sch. also cus- ^ fton-ba 'to melt'; more correctly: to gild, to plate (in the warm or in the cold way), to overspread with a gold or silver liquid. - - after five days C., W., or, the present day included, on the sixth day, cog. to bcu. & ce 1. num. fig.: 96. 2. v. ce-ba. ce-ge-mo such a one, lo ce-ge-mo zig - la in such and such a year Dzl. ; ce-ge-mo Kyod you so and so Thgr. x-nmr' ce-^rdn W. being jealous of one's ^ ^ own honour, ni f. ce- fobs arrogance, haughtiness, sde- pai ce-fabs the arrogance of the great Ma.', *ce-fdbs-med-Kan* W. affable, condescending, kind; ce- fobs- can proud, arrogant, haughty; ce-fdbs byed-pa B., *co- ce* W., *zun-wa*C., to be arrogant, haughty. ^S"^' w-don a missive to an inferior, an '' edict. x*n* ce-ba 1. adj. great, (for cen-po); bu ce-ba the eldest son, the elder; ce- bar Ogyur-ba to become great or greater, to grow, increase e.g. of passions; ce-bar Ogro-ba, cer ^gro-ba id., cf. cer, ce-bar byed- pa to make great; frq. in conjunction with nouns: ze-sddn ce-ba great with respect to anger, i.e. very prone to anger; rigs ce- zin being of high extraction; also in com- pounds, v. below. 2. sbst. greatness, high degree Mil ; superiority, excellence, . . . kyi ce-ba ston-pa to show the superiority of a thing Mil.; *ce-wa srun-wa* Ld. to behave decently, respectably. 3. vb., pf. ces to be great, not only in ce-zin, ce-o, but also in : na-rgydl ma ce-zig do not be great in pride, i.e. do not allow pride to become great Mil., and so in similar cases ; cf. ces. Comp. ce-ka Sch.: 'chiefly; the plura- lity'. ce-kydd greatness, size Dzl. *ce- (Jdl* W., *ce-ddl-la cud son* he has entered the class of adults, he has come to full age. ce-rgyu = ce-ba, cf. ryyu 3. ce- brgyud perh. lineage by the eldest sons Glr. -- ce-cun great and small; size; ce- cun ni in size. ce- don the coming to full age Mil. nt. *ce-mi* W. an adult. *ce-lons* C. grown up, adult (Sch. 'chiefly'?) ^*(S* ^-^ one s elder sister 6s., the elder ' wife Sch. * ce-bzi Lis. = bden-dpdn, witness, eye-witness; witness, testimony, ce- bzir dris-te being questioned as a witness, or asked for a testimony Stg. ^r- cedj as sbst. of rare occurrence, Schr.: ' reason, signification = don; Sch.: ced cen-po a great thing, an important business or affair. Mostly ced-du postp. c. genit. on account of, because of, for; ltd-bai ced-du yin it is in order to see Pth. ; rin-gyi ced- du as an equivalent Pth.; lhai ced-du O dzin- pa or ynyer-ba, also rjes-su Odzin-pa or ynyer-ba to admit to the discipleship or communion of a god Mil. As an adv. ced-du seems to signify 1. for a certain purpose, designedly, purposely, expressly, e.g. with byed-pa to do, to make a thing; mndgs-pa to send off, dispatch. 2. again, once more, once again, = pyir Mil. dgos- ced the construction of any noun with pyir- du, ced-du etc., regarded by Tib. gram- marians as a case of declension. ced-don v. ce-don. cen-po B. and C., * cen-mo* W., great ( cen - mo in B. only as fern. Dzl. , b), cen-por ^gyur-ba, W. *cen cd-ce*, to become great, to increase, col. also for to grow up ; skyes-bu cen-po a great man, a man of great worth (by his talents and actions), a saint; *mi cen-mo* W. a man of quality, of rank, a nobleman, a rich man; cen -ma the first wife in rank; cen cun ynyis the first and second wife Glr.; * cen-mo* W. also: old, *t > u-gu lo cu cen- mo* a child ten years old. cem-me-ba Lex., Cs. stillness, si- lence, cem-mer Odug-pa Schr., cem - mer Q K6d - pa C., to sit still without speaking. cem(s) in compounds: 1. can- cem(s} v. can. 2. tfa-cem(s), resp. zal-cems(s), bka-cem(s) farewell CX- hortation; last will, testament, srds-la tea- 160 M I. instruro. of Nt; &ll. also ttu".. 110/'-00 'to melt'; more correctly: to gild, to plate (in the warm or in tho.' cold way), to overspread witL flo gold or silver liquid. - after five days C., ,v., or, the present day included, on the sixth day, cog. to bCu. 'Ie 1. nuro. fig.: 96. - 2. v. &-lJa. ct-oe- mo such a one, Ie Cti-ge-mo Nfl- la in sn::h nnd such a yellr D::J.; U-ge-mt> lJyod you so and so TIl1}1', W: being jealous of one's I·;,n own hODour, oi f. ceo (ribs arrogance, haughtiness, uk- pai ce-(I.lf.J3 the arrogance of the great .Ma.; *ce-fdbl-med-I!an· W. affable, condescending, kind; 'le-fti14-l:an proud, nrrogllnt, haughty; '&·'d&s byM-pa n., *t"o- U' W:, ·Zfui-v:a·C., to be arrognnt, haughty. ;t.?;;;. ce-ddn a missive to an inferior, an 1'1 edicl ..q' ce-ba 1. adj. great, (for Cbi-po); 1m U-ba the eldest s<lll, the cider; ce- bar of/yur-ba to become great or grellter, to grow, increase e.g. of pu.ssions; eMU/" of/r6-ba, fer d/''6-ba id., cf. fer, N-fJa1' byM.- p« to make great; frq. in conjunction with nouns: ze-Bddn ce-ba great with respect to onger, i.e. very pr(me 10 onger; 'ofgs Ci- :i,i being of high edraetioD; also in com- pounds, v. below. - 2. sbst.. greatness, high degree Mil.; superiority, excellence, '" k!li ce-ba 3tOn-pa to show the superiority of a thing Mil.; • ce-wa "rUn-Jea· Ld. to behave decently, retipectably. - 3. vb., pf. Ce3 to be great, not only in Ci-Zi/i, ce.o, but also in: ,ia-r!lydl 11Ia ce-'!:-ig do not be great in pride, i. e. do not allow pride to bcoome great Mil., nnd so in simillU' eases; cf. In. Compo ce-ka &h.: 'ehietl)·; the plura- lity'. - &-kydd greatness, size Dd. - ·ee- lV., ·le-ddl-la lud roil· he has entered the class of adults, he has CQme to full age. - Cl-rg/lu = U-ba, ef. "!J!fU 3. - ce- bl'fl!JUd perh. lineage by the eldest SODS GIl'. - le-cuil greal and small; size; ce- C'Un ni in size. - le-"ddn the CQming to full ngn Mil. nt. - 4Ce-1lli' W: an aduH.- ·(!e-lr;J,i,* C. grown up, adult (&11. 'chielly'?) ce-Zi one's elder sisler c,., the elder 'I wife &It. ce-bH Lis. _ bden-dpd,i, Witness, 'I eye-witness; witness, testimony, It- bYr dris-te being questioned as II wilness, or asked for a testimony Sig. led, as sbst. of rl\re occurrence, &111'.: reason, signification _ cUm; &11.: led Un-po a great thing, no imllortant business or alTair. Mostly Ml-du postp. c. genit. on account of, because of, lor; ltd-hai cM-du yin it is in order to see Ptn.; rin-!fl'p eM· du as nn equivalent l'tk; lIlai 'lM-d1l orkin- pa or rnyer.ba, also ,:);,.", odZin-pa or rnyir-ba to admit to the discipleship or communion of a god Mil. - As an adv. led-til, seems to signify 1. for a certain purpose, designedly, purposely, expressly, e.g. with byid - pa iQ do, to make II thing; mM.'1sJ1a to send off, dispatch. - 2. again, once more, once again, - rYi,. ,Mil. - df!O$- lM. the construction of any noun with pyir- du, Chi-du etc., regnrdecl by Tib. gram- marians as a case of declension. led-don v. le-ddn. cell-po J1. and C.,4cen-mQ* W:, great (Un -17lQ in B. only as fern. D::l. 7\'"0, b), Un-pt)r d/yl',...ba, W. ·cen to uCCQme great, to increasc, col. also for to grow up; skyt3-bu (!eniX' a great man, 1\ man of great worth (by his talents ond acHons), a saint.; ·mi cen.ww· w. a mAn of quality, of rank, a nobleman, llo ricb man; cen-ma the first wife in rank; een /!un myu the first nnd SCCQnd wife Glr.; *lbi.wIQ4 W: also: old, *,'it-gu 10 ru een- mo· a child ten years old. cim-me-ba La., Cs. stillness, si- lence, relll - mer odr,g - pa &hr., Um - mer - va C., to sit still without speaking. cern(s) in CQmpounds: -I. flll,- Cim(B) v. can. - 2. resp. zal-Clims(s), bka-Chn(s) farewell ex- hortation; last will, testament, srris-la fa- * ir.i "CO <Jff-p a to deposit a testamentary <li-p<>sal or devise for a son Glr. *ravsj(*JY &KO-&K") I- the noise made by thunder, by the shock of an earthquake etc., Obrug - y/ra <>in-cem sgrdgs-pa the rolling, roaring, clapping of thunder; bzad-gdd ^ur cem-pa a roaring laughter. 2. Kra cem-cent v. /<n't-bo. j-x- wr terrain, of ce, cer ^ro-ba to grow, increase; cer skye-ba to become great; to grow up, cer skyes-pa partic. grown up, adult; da-dun cer ton go on! go on! Mil.; ryyal - srid byd - ba cer ma byut't Glr. his government was not (yet) of much con- sequence (as he was too young); hes-pa Zer med this is not quite evident to me MIL; perh. Tar. 36, 16; 101, 22; 120, 21; 169, 14 will allow a similar interpretation of cer. -- <rr-na S.O. yea; still more ('?). ( ^j- ccx 1. instrum. of ce. 2. pf. of ce- ba, as adv. very, fca-zds nan ces-kyi as the food is very bad DzL; ces sgnn-pa very prudent or clever Sch.; ces ddr-bar 'j/ui'-to it spread very much Tar. <$fJ" ces-pa I- pf. of ce-ba to be great, ha-can yan ces-so he is much too great DzL', dmag-dgun ces-pa a great army; dbait ces-pas being very mighty Glr.; car 'x-pas as it rained heavily l*th. ; dga ces- nas greatly rejoicing Mil. 2. to believe, but only when preceded by yid (resp. fugs), or bden (col.), c. la, also c. accus., or par, that, Dzl. ?vS, 18. "^ co 1. num. fig.: 126. 2. as a word for itself seldom to be met with, e.g. Ld.-Glr. Schl. fol. 13, 6, Tar. 129, 20; signification not clearly to be made out. * co- rned- pa* C. = don-med-pa to no purpose, vain; fickle. * co-ga (f^rfv) the way or method of doing a thing, e.g. of solving an arithmetical problem Wdk., of curing ma- ladies S.g.} esp. used of magic performances, co-ga-pa Cs. } co-ga-mKan Mil., a performer of such ceremonies. Whether it may safely be used for religious rites or ceremonies in general, is doubtful. co-g6 Ral. great. co - io', 'a, - ,''*, lamentation. Wailing, <--p. hiim-ntalionh for the dead, dirge, O debs - pa Dzl. , Jbdd-pa, Od6n-pa in more recent liu-num.-. /_</. W-y,,< Sch., to lament, wail, cry, clamour; with la to cry to a person; the crying of a new-born child Thgy. co-j>rid magical trick, jugglery, often put to rdzu-Jtrul, also used of the apparitions and doings of goblins Mil. Cf. rdzu- priil. x^n- c6-ba to Set on (a dog), co-co-ba to set on repeatedK co - O brdn (s) Mil. ; < *. : the mother's family or lineage; co-rigs Dzl. frq. 6s.: 1. the father's lineage, descent by the father's side ; 2. an honourable extraction. co-ris Mil. , frq. = co - rigs, also applied to things, e.g. a cane: co-ris ye-nas btsun-pa a cune of an excellent kind, not coming from any mean or noxious plant. co-lo 1. die, dice, game at dice. - 2. seal(?) - - co-lo-mkan a dice- player 6s., co-lo rtse-ba to play at dice C's. ; co-lo-ris Glr. the figure of a die, a square figure, in Glr. 47,9 the Mongol translation substitutes a wheel, v. Jcor-lo; a checkered colouring or pattern, e.g. of cotton cloth 6'. cog 1. for co-ga; bon-cog Mil. the ceremony of the Bonpos. 2. v. j'cog- pa. 3. v. cog-pa. cog-pa vb., sbst., adj. 1 . to be suffi- cient, sufficiency, sufficient, crdpir: iied-la de-kas cog it is sufficient for u-. we are satisfied Mil. ; dris-pas (instr. of pai) cog-go Dzl. %&?, 10 (there has been) enough of asking, = don't ask any more! gdit-du bzugs kyan cog-par Odug it is suffi- cient (for him) wherever he may live, i.e. he is satisfied with any place of living Mil. : iinl-la nor lo/is-spyod-kyis cog-pa yod we have money and goods enough Mil. ; (// /.sii/w - gtfis cug - na if these three are sufficient for you Mil.: rin- 11 101 CJm(a) ,JOy-pa to delwsit II. testllmclltnry or devise for A son Gfr. J. the noist mnde by thundo:r, by the shock of :\n earthqullkc etc., iJr'ug -lfJra lem- (till SfJNl9a - va the rolling, ronring, e1llllpiug of thunder; bZad-ga<[ cbn-pu Il rOllring laugbter. - 2. /(ru cem-celll v. frri-bo. eel' termin. of Cr, rei' o!Il·Q.ba to grow, incrctISC; cer 3A:1J6-ba to become greM; to grow up, e('1' u!Jb-pa partie. grown up, Adult; e('1' (oli go on! go on! JlIil.; 1'9yaf - 'rid b!Jd - ba Ct"l' JIla b!JUtj GIl'. his go,'erolUcot wns not (yet) of much con- sequence (ns lIe WtlS too young); Ms-po. hI' med this is not quite e\'ident to me NI1.; peril. '1'ar.36, 16; 10l, 22; 120, 21; 169, 14 will nllow a similAr iotcrprct.lltion of cer. - lb"n(, S.O. yen.; still more (1). er::r L instrum. of ce. - 2. pf. of;:C- OO, ns MV. very, Iia-zaa nan Cta-J..yi ;\S the food is very bad D:;/.; eel 3f/"n-pa "cry prudent or clever &1/.; en (fdr-bal' O!lNr-to it spreAd "eey much Tar. en-pa J. pf. of rHa to be great. !,a-loall yalj c('3-SO he is much too great D::l.; dmag-dgun eN-po. a great urIlly; dboil ets-plU being very mighty Glr.; car eel-paa AS it mined heavily l'tll.; dga el!3- naa greatly rejoicing Mif. - 2. to believe, but only when preceded by !lid (resp. or Wen (col.), Co .la, also c. aecus., or pal', thai, D::I. ?-.5, 18. Co l. nUlll. fig.: 126. _ 2. as a word for itself seldom to be met with, e.g. IA.-Gl,.. &M. foJ. 13, G, 2ar. 129, 20; signification not clearly to be made ou'. teo- nUd-pa t C. .... ddn'mffl-pa to no purpose, \'lIiu; fickle. c6-ga the way or method of doing a thing. e.g. of solving an arithmeticnl problem lVdk., of curing mil· ladiesS.g., esp. nsed of mngic performances, l6-g(l-pa Ca., M-ga-mllan Mil., a performer of such ceremonies. Whether it may sufely be used for religious rites or ceremonies in geneml, is doubtful. lo-gd Bal. great. ;Se-. (0 - rkl, - ,ib, lamentation, , wailing, I"menlalion, for the de:ld, dirge, odeb. - f'U D:l., .b&I- pa, .don-l'a in lllore recent literature, byM-llfJ &/i., w lament, WAil, cry, clamour; witl. la to cry to a person; the cryiug of a new-born child TIlO!J' co -Jil'lil magical trick, jugglcry, '" often put to rd:U-JW/, a1&o used of the apparitions IIond doings of goblin. Mif. Cf. rd::Il;,jI'UI. ld-ba to set on (lI. dog), Cd-Co-Im to set 00 repeatedly U. Co ••bra/j(s) Mil.; c..: tbe molber's family or lineage; "OO-l'i9a D::l. frq. Ga.: I. the fllther's lincllgC, descent bythefntber'sside; 2.M bonout:\ble - w.l'ia Mil., frq. - Co - ri!J3, also applied to tbings, e.g. a cane: (0..", ge -naa btsun. po. I\, clOne of An excellent kind, not coming from any menn or noxious r1:wt. ;Sa( U-kJ I. die, diu, gllme at dice. - 2. seal(?) - cd· kJ - mltan n dice- player Ct., co_lo I'ue-ba to play at diee Ca.; "to·kJ-ria Gl,.. the figure of n die, l\ square figure, in Gf,.. 47,9 the Mougol U'nnslalion Fubstitutes a wheel, Y• .Id1·-w; I\. checkered colouring or p:atUlMl, e.g. of cotton doth G. Coy I. for co - gu; Mil - Cog Mil. the ceremony of the HoDpoS. - 2. v.l'r&.!- pa. - 3. v. Mg-pa. Mg.pa ,·b., sbst., ndj. J. to be suffi· cienI, sufficiency, suWcient, Cl'dpir: illd-la de ·Iuu Cog it is suflicient for us, we are satisfied Mil.; dria - (illstr. of pal) log-flO D:l. 10 (there has been) enougb of asking, - don't ASk any more! g,l>j.du bUl!f3 J..'!J(lIj .dug it is 8uffi- eient (for him) where,er he mAy li"e, i.e. he is slItisfied with lUll' place of li'ing Mil.; ,,1I1-fa 1Ior loil_pydd.kVi, "td,--pa !JO<1 we hAve money nnd goods enough Mil. j .di f3lilll - flY;" 160 - '"' if these thref' ,ufficilfllt you Mil.; ,..·n-p<rm 11 162 col-zdns gyur-nas when they had precious stones enough Dzl. ; Odi-tsam-gyis cog-pa ma yin- no that is not enough, that will not do Dzl. ; sgdl-pa mi brgya zon cog-pa his back (is) large enough for a hundred men to ride on it Glr.:, adv.: cog-par sufficiently, e.g. sbyin-pa to give Dzl. ; *ma cog-pa* or *-ga* W. (col. for cog-par'), *dun-ce ma cog - ga sad son* he not only struck but killed him; pyin-pas cog-gi it being suffi- cient (for the present) that I have come Mil. ; fams-cdd-la cog-par gyur - te as all were satisfied Dzl.; cog -par O dzin- pa to deem a thing sufficient, to be contented or satisfied with it; cog ses-pa vb., sbst., adj. to be contented, contentment, content; ltd-bas cog mi ses-pai rdzas a thing at which one cannot look enough Glr., Pth.; yo- bydd-kyi (better kyis) cog ses-pa easily satisfied as to the necessaries of life. 2. to be allowed, permitted, at liberty, con- strued in the same manner: Krid-pas cog you may have lessons with me, I will instruct you Mil. ; ^rdn-pas cog I am quite at liberty to compete with you, we may safely compete with each other Glr.; O fso- ba drdns-pas cog you can have meat set before you Mil. ; with a root : bu byin cog then you may render up your son; hence it is in W. the usual word for run - ba, *ndn-du ca cog-ce yin-na man* is it allowed to enter or not? *srdd-ma za cog* eating pease is allowed, also: pease are edible; *U-na Jcyon cog ka tan* he issued an edict, that it should be permitted to fetch wool, i.e. he (the Maharajah of Kashmir) per- mitted the export of wool; *leb-napul cog when it arrives, I shall take the liberty of sending it to you. cogs-pa seldom for O cdg-pa to be broken Mil. c n -> mcon a transparent, va- r. negated, halt- precious stone brought from India to Ld. and considered less valuable than/zr, perh. cornelian or sardonyx? cod 1. C. the cutting off; deciding; *fal- co' gya cem-po )he'-pa* to bring about a great remission of taxes, *bhu-lon-co'* re- mission of debts; *sa-cff gya cem-po jhe 1 - pa* to make a great way; cf. however pyod. - - 2. partition-wall Sck. , cod rgydg- pa prob. to construct a partition-wall. 3. v. ycod-pa. cod-pa 1. to be cut Off, Idm-sgo ynyis Kd-bas cod-de both approaches being cut off or obstructed by snow Mil.; bead kyarl mi cod-do impossible to be severed, caedendo non caeduntur, Glr. ; mi-cod-rdo- r)e a diamond that cannot be cut to pieces, an epithet of a firm unbending king Pth. - 2. to be decided, settled, fixed, gon-fdn dpydd-kyis (or pas) mi cod Glr. the value (of the stone) cannot be fixed, though one should attempt to apprize it i.e. it is in- valuable, priceless; go cod-pa v. go. cod-po W. 1. split, cut through; 2. distinct, of words or writings. con 1. W. (cog. to cud?) useless, to no purpose, rin con son the payment has been useless, thrown away; gen. adv. * con-la* gratuitously, in vain, for nothing, * con-la Kon-ce* to hate without cause or reason; * con-la ddd-ce* to sit idle, to spend one's time unprofitably. 2. tent (?), con- fdg tent-rope Mil., con-pur tent-pin. com(s) 1. robbery, corns -kyis zas O fsol-ba to live on robbery Ma. ; com-po robber Dzl., com-po rkun-ma robber and thief, gen. com-rkun, com - rkun - gyi )igs-pa fear of robbers and thieves ; com- rkun-pa id. Stg. 2. imp. of joms-pa. com-pa to be finished, accomplished, W., *fo-re com yin* to-morrow it will be finished, *da com son* now it is done, completed; cf. cam. col 1. inconstant 6s.; dpyid-col fickle spring- weather. 2. Cs.: for co-lo in compounds, rus-col a die made of bone; sin-col a wooden die; dun-col shells used inst. of dice(?). col-JcaSch. : 'a hole made by a blow; a nest'. col-zdns a shallow shore Sch. 162 gyUr-na& when they bad precious stones enough D::l.; COg-pa ma yin_ 110 that is not enough, that will not do Dzl.; 3{}dl-pa mi brgya Zon ldfJ-pa his back (is) large enough for a hundred m.en to ride on it G1r.; adv.: cdg-par sufficiently, e.g. $bgin-pa to give Dzl.; 'ma 'Ug-pa' or '-gat IV: (col. for par), ·'dun .. Ce tIIa "lOg - ga ,ad $£Iii' he not only struck but killed him; pyin-peu C0911i it being suffi- cient (for tbe present) that I have come Mil.; fams-cad-io. cQg-par [!!jUr .. ie as all were satisfied D::l.; Mo .. par od.."in- pa to deem ll. thing sufficillnt, to be contented or satisfied with it; Cog M'.pa vb., sbst., adj. to be contented, contentment, content; ltd-lxu Co[; mi sb-pai rdza.! a thing at which one eaDDot look enough Gir., Pth.; yo- b!ldd .. kyi (better kyM) cog .. po. easily satisfied as to tbe necessaries of lire. - 2. to be allowed, permitted, at liberty, COD- strued in the same manner: I!l'id-peu COg you may have lessons with me, I 'wi.ll insl.ruet you Nil.; <lINin-paa cog I am quite at liberty to eompete with you, we may safely eompete with eaeh other GIr.; ofao- ha dralia-peu (Of! you enn have meat set before you Mil.; with III root: bu byin COg then you may render up your son; hence it is in Tv. the usual word for rUli - ha, -ncili-du ca cOfJ-te yin.na man- is it allowed to enter or not? -3rddrina za Cog' eating pease is allowed, also: pease are edible; -Uona liyoli rog ka tali- he issued an edict, thl\t it should be permitted to fetch wool, i.e. he (the Maharajah of Kashmir) per- mitted the export of wool; -W- na ind log when it arrives, I shall take the libert)' of sending it to you. Mga-pa seldom for occig·pa to be broken Mil Coli, meon III transparent, va- , riegnted, half-precious stone broughi from India to Ld. and considered less valuable than rzi; perl.. comelian or sardon)'1? :Y;: 'Cod 1. C. the cutting off; deciding; -(al- 'lg' gya cim-po)U·pd' to ijring aliPut a great remission of taxes, -blm-lqn-cv- re· mission of debts; -,m-ciJ' O!Ja Cell'lf(' JM'- pa- to make a great way; cr. however hlod. - 2. partition-walt &k, Cod rg!ld9- pa prob. to construct a partition.waU. - 3. ..q eM-pa I. to be cllt off, ld7IHgo f71!1is liJ-b.ul C&l--<h both approaches being cut off or obstructed by snow Mil.; Uad kyait 11Ii eOOAM ilnpossible to be se\'ered, caedendo non caeduntur, Glr.; mi-CCd-rdQ-. r)e a diamond that cannot be cut to pieces, an epithet of a firm unbending king PtA. - 2. to be decided, seWed, fixed, gon-fali dPlldd.ky1'$ (or pa3) 1111 cod Gil'. the value (of the stone) cannot be fixed, though one should attempt to apprize it i.e. it is in- valuable, priceless; yo cOd-pa v. go. lM-po lIZ 1. split, cut through; 2. distinct, of words or writings. lim 1. W: (cog. to Cud!) useless, to no purpose, rin con lO,i the payment has been useless, thrown away; gen. adv. -con-i«- gratuitously, in vain, for nothing, -Cdn-la J..'dn·U· to hate without cause or reason; '"Ct1n-i« ddd·/.·" to sit idle, to spend one's time unprofilably. - 2. tent(?), Con-- fcig tent-rope Mil., eon..pur tenl-pin. 1. robbery, CQm.s. kyU zeu to lh'e 00 robbery Ma.; robber Dzl., Ctim-po rkNn-ma robbcr (lnd tbief, gen. eom-rkNn, Com· rhin - g!p JifP·pa fear of robbers and thieves; 'Com· rhin-pa id. Sty. - 2. imp. pf JdT1l'.pa. i!6m-pa to be finished, atcOmpiished, W, -(Q-.I'e Com yin- it ",-ill be finished, -da Com SOli- now it is done, completed; d. cam. rol 1. inconstant 0.; dP!lid-'OOl fickle spring-weather. - 2. for Ct:i-lo in compounds, 1m-col a die made of bone; iili·Ct1l a wooden die j dun-col shellg llsed inst of dice(?). Wi-lia 'a hole made by a blow; a ncst. a shallow shore 8ch. 103 I- doctrine, a particular doctrine, tenet, or precept; yxdit-bai ms iy an esoteric doctrine, a mystery !>;/. ; /,-//m/-<us for Kyad-par-can-gyi cos a peculiar, distinguished, sublime, and there- fore difficult doctrine; jig - rten - gyi cos bri/i/ad the eight doctrines or principles of the world (though frq. mentioned, I found them nowhere specified) cf. Fou- caux Gyatcherr., Translation p. 264; cott- brgyddrmfan, a man of the world, worldling Mil. More esp. 2. moral doctrine, whether any separate dogma, or the sum of various doctrines, religion in general, both theoreti- cally (system of morality, ethics) and prac- tically (faith, exercise of religion); Iha- cos the religion of the gods or (Buddhist) deities, i.e. the Buddhist religion, as the only true one, in opposition to all other heresies and false religions (log -cos), as well as to irreligiousness (cos ma yi'n-pa); lea-cos profession with the lips, hypocrisy Gl>'.; Jfrig-pai cos-la brten-pa those prac- tising the religion of voluptuousness (an expression designedly forcible, like St. Paul's: 'whose god is their belly'); mi- cos v. below; cos O cdd-pa, or bsdd-pa, ston-pa, smrd-ba, sgrog-pa, resp. c6s-kyi sgrog-gUti mdzdd-pa Glr. to expound, to teach, to preach religion; cos smrd-bai zdl- la ltd-ba to watch the mouth of the preacher Pth.; *co cttg-pa*C. to read a religious book: *cos sad -Kan* W. a preacher; cos Ocdd-pai Q dun-Kdn place where sermons are delivered, church DzL; cos nydn-pa to hear religious discourses DzL ; cos zu- ba to ask for religious discourses; partic. : one eagerly desiring or asking for religious instruction, an inquirer Pth., Alii.- cos byed- pa to act or live religiously, righteously, cos bzin-du byed-pa; also merely to wish to become pious, to strive after piety; /eyed snyin-nas cos byed-na if you are in good earnest about religion, if piety is the aim of your heart Mil.\ lastly in a special sense: to become or to be a monk l*th.; cos -la sems sayvr-ba Mil. to show an inclination for religion, to turn religious; cds-sw, or &fo-/a jug -pa 1. vb. nt to enter into religion, to be converted, also: to go over to a religion, to turn (Buddhist), 2. vb. act. to convert, to turn a person from a bad life to a good one, to make him a believer, to make another a convert, a proselyte ; c6s-la ^dd-pa jug-pa 1 ; & spyod-pa to practise religion; the exercise of religion, worship S.g.\ bka-co* the word of Buddha, the doctrine as taught by Buddha himself; rt6gs-pai c.6 Thgy. the knowledge acquired by meditation, inde- pendently of books, scarcely different from ties-don, or non-Ms; bstdn-pai cos Thgy. any knowledge derived from other sources. - 3. in a special sense the religion of Buddha, Buddhism, ddm-pai cos, and frq. dam -pa cos id. (cf. >j m'artg Acts 6, 7); cos dan bon Buddhism and Bon - religion Mil. ; c6s-la lon-spyod-par Ogyiir-ba to live in the enjoyment of true faith. 4. re- ligious writings, and writings, books, literature in general, in as much as the Tibetans derivate every science from religion; b6n^ gyi cos fams-cdd all the Bon- writings Mil. - 5. custom, manner, common usage, fashion. mi-cos manners of the world Mil.; nri-cos- kyi dus-su as long as he lived according to the ways of the world Mil. ; yvl - cos- X//AS according to the custom of the country DzL; kydd-cos the way of distinguishing, of pointing out the characteristics Glr. (cf. under 1); nature, quality, DzL ?L%, 18 cf. cos-nynl. -- <i. substance, being, thing. fams-cdd mi-rtdg-pa yin-gyi as every thing existing is perishable DzL Other philo- sophical expressions containing the word cos v. Was. (296). Comp. * os-skatl* W. book -language, as opp. to pal - skad. tos - sku v. sku. - cos-ski/ti/t v. ski/on -ba. cbs-//v' reading- desk, lecturer's chair, pulpit /V//.: reading- table, school-desk. cos-Xr/ww v. tcrims. - cos-K'rinis-pa v. dge-bskon. &s- 0V vulgo prayer -mill; the column of disks on the mtod-rten Pth. v. Kor-lo 2, also K6r-h extr. - - <fo-ym school. - - &s-(tyO rgydl (-JDO) 1. honorary title of kings deserving (Of (n) 1. dotlrine, particular doctrine, tenet, or precept; ,.,an-bai eo. liy An esoteric doctrine, a mystery D:l.; I.yud-loa for fyad-par-c(ln-rJyi loa a lK!Culiar, distinguislled, sublime, and there- fore difficult doctrine; Jig - rtbl - gyj loa bl"fl!Jad the eight or principles of the world (though frq. mentioued, I found them nowhere specified) cr. Fou- eaux G}·atcherr., Translation p. 264; Cos- brgyud-mkcnl,,, man of the world, worldling Mil. - More esp. 2. moral doctrine, wllether an)" sepnrnte dogma, or the sum of various doctrines, religion in general, both theoreti- cally (system of moraJit)", ethics) nnd prac- tically (faith', exercise of religion); l!w- the religion of the gods or (Bu.ddhist) deities, i. e. the Buddhist religion, as the ouly true one, in opposition to all other heresies lUId false religions (lcg -lQ3), as well os to irreligiousness (Ciu 1/Ja yin-pa); l(a-ro, profession with the lips, hypocrisy Gir.; i!rlg-pai cOI-la brlbl-pa those pmc- tising the religion of (an expression designedly forcible, like St. Paul's: 'whose god is their belly'); mi- 'lO$ ". below; co. ocdd - pa, or V&dd - 1'", .t01I-pa, '111l'd-bet, .grdfJ-pa, resp. ro,- J.-yi .grog-gibi mdzdd-pa Gil'. to expound, to teach, to prench religion; ro. .mrci-bai zdl- ia ltd-oo to wlLt.ch the mouth of the Ilreacher PtJ•. ; -(g {idg-pa- C. to read II religious book; -loa Jcid - /.tan- IV. n prencher; eo. lucl-pai odl/1l - fUJi Il}nce where sermons are delivered, church Dzl.; ro, lI!Jdn-pa to hellr religious discourses D::l.; 00a z,;· ba to ask for religious discourses; Ilnrtic.: one engerly desiring or asking for religious instruction, nn in'luirer l'th., Mil.; 10I bgid- pa to act or li,'e religiously, rightoously, min-du b!J!d-pa; also merely to wish to become pious, to strive o.fter piety; AY«l n'!Ji,j-llas COlI byid-lla if you lU"e in good earnest nbout religion, if piety is the aim of your beart Mil.; lastly in a special seDse: to become or to be " monk Pth.; co.-la &mI' syyUr-ba },fil. to sbow Bll inclinlltion for religion, to tum religiQlIS j or 103 ldt-la J';,.pa I. vL. ILl. 1.0 cllter into religion, to be oonverted, abo: to go over to Il. religion, to tum (Buddhist), 2. vb. net. to eonvert, to tum a person from a bad life to • good one, \0 make him" believer, to make another a couvert, " proselyte; cw-Ia ,gdd-1K1 - Jilg-pu I; to. .pydd-pa to practise religion; tile exercise of religion, worship S.y.; bka_oo. the ",ord of Bu.ddha, the doctrine M tao.gbt by Buddha himself; rtdga_pai lQ. TIrfly. the knowledge acquired by meditation, inde- IlllDdently of books, scareely different from ,ic.-d6n, or ,ion -Us; bltdn - pai Cln Thgy. any knowledge derived from other sources. - 3. in a slJeciAI sense the religion of Buddha, Buddhism, ddm-pai eo., and frq. ddm. pa loa id. (cf. ,i nlaH!; Acts 6, 7); COlI dali boll Buddhism lUld BOll _religion Mil.; cdl-la ld,j-'pyOO-par 09yUr-ba to live in the enjoyment of true faith. - •. reo ligious writings, and writings, books, literature in general, in I\S much as the Tibetan. denvllte every science from religion; MII- giP 001 {am3-tdd nil the Bon-writings Mil. - 5. custom, manner, common usaRe, fashion, .lIi-COlI manDeu of the world ,Mil.; mi-&.- 1.1Ii ([,i.-til AS long lIS he lived According to the ways of the world Mil.; !!Nl. t"oI- l.'!IiI according to the custom of the country D::l.; kydd-'tfn the way of distinguishing, of pointing out the characteristics Glr. (cf. under 1); nature, quality, D::l. ?.q, )8 d. 'lol-nyid. - 6. substance, being, thing. Cot (anl.8-Cdd lJIi-rtdg_pa yi11'fJYi as every tlling existing is IJerishable D::l. - Other philo- sophic.1 expressions OODlaining the wonI eo. v. 11'a.!. (296). Compo - os-dadO W: bOOk-language, u opp. to jxU.akcul. - ld8-.ku v. dN. - 'loHky6n ,.. ,,-00. - ea.-A'ri reading. desk, lecturer's chair, pulpit 1'tll.; reading- table, school·desk. - &._I.'r'''., T. Ib'illlf. - ,•. dg,.wro.. - "lo.-j.-dr "ulgo prayer· mill; the column of disks on the "1&xl-rtNI PtA. ". o'dr _10 2, a1.lO .{'Or. 10 extr. - eo.-grcl school. - lo.-(kyi) rgy.il (.:po)rl. title of deseniug 164 cos mcig well of religion. 2. = ysin-rje Schl. Buddh. 93, 3. also as a p. n. cos-rgyud religious tradition, also = confession, creed, r)e-btsun- gyi cos-rgyud O dzin -pa - rnams those em- bracing the religious tradition of his re- verence, his fellow-believers Mil. ; cos-rgyud ycig-pa one confessing the same faith or religion Thgr. - - cos-can \ . pious, devout. 2. v. cos 5, )ig-pai cos-can yin having the properties of perishableness, being subject to the law of mutability Thgy. - - cos-rje 'lord of the faith', viz. 1. Buddha Lex., 2. devout or righteous lord, title of honour given to distinguished scholars Tar. transl. 331, and elsewh. ; perh. also = cos-rgydl. cos-nyid \ . = cos 5, quality, nature, rgyd- mfsoi cos-nyid-kyis in a manner peculiar to the sea, Dzl xS(3, 9 (112, 9?). 2. philo- sophical term: existence, entity, = de-bzin- nyid (ace. to Thgy.} by which the Buddhist however means a negation of being, non- existence , non - entity. cos - stegs W. - cos-Kri. cos-ston religious festive enter- tainment given to saints Glr. cos-drdn- po righteous with regard to the laws of religion (adopted by Prot. Miss, for the scriptural term 'righteous' or 'just'), cos- drdn-ba justice, righteousness. cos-lddn = cos-can. - - cos - sde convent, monastery, Wdk., Glr. cos -pa a religious man, a divine, a monk. cos-spun a religious brother; such brotherhoods e.g. are formed by two devotees, before going on a pilgrimage. After having been consecrated by a priest, who consults the lot on such an occasion, they owe hospitality and mutual assistance to each other for life. cos-spyod exercise of religion; cos-spyod-bcu dge-ba-bcu. - cos-sbyin is said to be frq. used in book- titles : bkra-sis-lhun-po-nas cos-sbyin O dzad- med spel pyir bris written from Tashilhunpo as a religious gift for infinite increase and blessing. cos-blon a pious functionary or official (bdud-blon an impious or wicked one) Glr. cos-ma a religious woman, a nun Cs. - - cos-med without religion, irreligous, wicked. - - cos - mydn religious frenzy, W. : *cos-nyon zugs* he has become deranged, his brains are turned (in consequence of meditating). cos - zog priestcraft Mil. - cos-lugs religious party, denomination, sect. *cos-sem-can* W. inclined to religion, pious. edd-pa Lex.: = 'tomb, sepulchre; pramdrita Ssk. killed, slain; mcdd-pa-med-pa entire, perfect; mead-par byd-ba = mahimcin Ssk. greatness; also the magical power of increasing size at will'. mean 1. the side of the breast, mcdn- gyi bu bosom-child, darling, mcdn- gyi mcis-brdn bosom-wife (cf. our 'bosom- friend') ; mcdn-du Ojug-pa to put into one's bosom Glr.-, mean -Hun arm-hole, arm-pit, often = mean; mean-Hun yyds-pai rtsib- mai bar nas (the Buddhas are born) from between the ribs of the right side (cf. mnai); *cdn-da* W. pocket, in clothes, cf. dku-mda. - - 2. v. the following article. mean - bu 1 . apprentice, bzoi in a handicraft, trade or art, rig-pai in a science, disciple 6s., sgyu-ma-mKan- gyi appr. of a juggler, conjurer Zam. - 2. yi-ge'i mcdn-bu words or lines, printed or written in a smaller character than the rest, and inserted in the text (called md- yig Cs.) like our parenthesis, but without brackets; hence 3. note, annotation (Sch. also: testimony?). ^Tjr'q- mci-ba, eleg. for 1. to come, to go, sldd - bzin - par mcio I shall come later Dzl. ; to appear, used of a god ; skydbs- su (to put one's self) under the protection of another person, ccd.; Jbdns-su mcio I will obey Mil. 2. to say, zes mcio thus he said. u:*r mci-ma, resp. spyan- cab a tear, Qbyin-pa\ don-pa Glr.., blag-pa Dzl., yton-ba Mil. to shed (tears); skem-pa to dry up tears Cs. ; Opyi-ba to wipe off tears Cs. ; mci-mas brndn-ba to be choked with tears, to sob violently Sch. jjr>n' mcig 1. Cs. a stone for grinding ' spice etc., a mortar; mcig-gu a small mortar Sch., a pestle Cs. -- 2. the nether mill -stone, mcig -ma the runner or upper mill -stone, Sch., mcig skor-ba to grind Sch. 164 'Well of religion. 2. = fil1t-rje ScM Buddh. 93,3. also as II p. n. - '[o5-rgyUd religious tradition, also = confession, creed, r)e-bt'Im- gyi &s-rgyitd odzin-pa - those em- bracing the religious tradition of his re- verence, his fellow-believers Mil.; ros--rgyUd )'Cig-pa one confessing the SfU08 faith or religion Thgr. - lOs-can 1. pious, devout 2. v. cO$ 5, Jig-pai cOs":an yin having Ihe properties of perishllbleness, being subject to the law of mutability Thgy. - Cos-rye 'lord of the faith', viz. I. Buddha l-u., 2. or righteous lord, title of honour given to distinguished scholars 'Pal'. transl. 331, and elsewh.; perh. also =< '&>3-rgyul. - eos4lyid I. - Cos 5, quality, nature, mfsoi lot-nyid-kyu in a wanuel peculiar to the sea, D::l. >S!O!,!) (112, 9?). 2. philo- sophic&1 term: existence, entity, _ dt-b!:ill- flyi(i (ace. to T!lgy.) by which the Buddhist however means a ncgation of being, non· existence, non -entity. - &s - 8fig8 IV. = &s-l!ri. - lm-3ton festi\'e enter- tainment given to saints Gil'. - loB-drll!l- po righteous with regard to the laws of, religion (adopted by Prot.. Miss. for the scriptural term 'righteous' or 'just'), &3- drfiJi-ba justice, righteQusness. - loB-ldan - c6B·i'an. - &! - Ide convent, monastery, lVdk., Glr. - ltM-pa a religious man, a divine, a monk.- CoNpvn a religious brother; brotherhoods e.g. are formed by two devotees, hefore going on a pilgrimagt>. After having been consecrnted by a Iwiest, who consults the lot on such an occasiotJ, they owe hospitality IUld mutual assistance to each other for life. - oowpyOd exercise of religion; OON1J!jOd-bCu dgJ-ba.lH:u. - 'toHbyin is said to be frq. used in book- titles: 'WHbyin odza&- tiled hloU written from Tashilhunpo liS a religious gift for infinite increAse tlIld blessing. - ro.-hlM, a piOl1S functionary or official (haud-blon an impious or wicked one) Gll'. cOs-ma a religious womlln, a nun lA. - &¥-mid without religion, i'rreligous, --: ;m -myon religious frenzY, Il'.: -Cos-ligOn zUffs- he IlllS becC\!!l.ltjdemuged; his brnins are turned (in conseqllence of meditating). - &.Ii -::6fJ priesters" Mil. """ 't08-lug' religious pn.rt.y, denomination, seel -&l.wem-Can- W. inclined to religion, piouL edd-pa La.: "" 'tomb, sepulchre; - pral/ulrita &k. killed, slain; mcdd-pa-mffi.pa entire, perfect; mUd-plll' byu-ba = mahinuin SJr. greatness; also the magical power of increosiDg size at will'. mean l. Ihe side of the breast, mean- gyi 1m: bosom-child, darliug, In'tdn· fI'.P mi!is-bl'tM bosom-wife (cf. our 'bosom- friend'); mi!dn-du.Jug-pa to put into one's bosom Gil'.; mi!dn - Sui arm-hole, arm-pit, ofteD _ 'n'tflll; 'nlan-futi rym - pai rt3ilJ.. mai bUr UU8 (the Buddhas nre harD) from between the ribs of the right side (cr. mJial); -cdn-du- lV. pocket, in clothes, cf. dku-1Ildu. - 2. Y. the following article. ml"an - Uu 1. apprentice, b;:qi in II. hllDdicro.ft, trade or art, 'rig _pai in a science, disciple Q., S!f!Iu.ma-mRall- flYi appro of a jnggler, coDjurer Zam. - t. yi"fJei medn-lm words or liDCS, printed or written in a sinaller character thon the rest, and inserted in the text (called tna- yiy Ct.) like our parenthesis, but without braekets; hence 3. nole, annotation (&h. also: testimony?). m'H-ba, eleg. for 1. 10 come, 10 go, .fdd· h'f:,in _par ml"io I shnll come ll\ter D=l.; 10 appear, used of il. god; $U (to put one's self) under the protectioll of auotlJCf person, ccd.; obd>is-au mNo 1 will obey Mil. - 2. to say, Us mew thus he said. mCi-lIla, resp. spyo.n· cdb a tear, obyfn.pa;otMn-pa Glr., bldg-paD::l., )'ioti-ba Mil. to shed (tearS); skem-pa to dry up tears LS.; oi1Jf.w to wipe off tears Ct.; mCl-ma8 brndli·ba to be choked with tenrs, 10 sob violentl}' &11. mcig 1. (.8. a stone for grinding spice etc., a mortar; mcig-gu a small mortlLr &h., a pesUe Ct. - 2. lhe- nether mill-stone, mCig-ma the l'Wlner or upper mill-stone, &II.; 1I1"Cfg 8kdr-bu to grind &h..;/ III < in res v. klon. ; one CH. = -iii-bu. d j W. *mol- </</* ivsp tin-talk, discourse, speech (of an honoured person) 6a.; mcid-ldn answer to such speech Mil. "> res P- sku-mcin the liver; / n-ifri, niciii-ri the midriff or diaphragm; mcin-Ka liver-coloured; mcfn- ndn 'liver - pressing', first breakfast, be- cause according to popular belief water rises from the human liver in the morning, O" which is depressed and appeased by taking some food; man-nan byed-pa to break- fast. tncil-pa 1 . fishing-hook Dzl, meil- pas nya O c6r - ba to fish with a hook, to angle Cs. - - 2. a little bird, W. *H-pa*, Ts. *cil-p/g; ci-pa skyd-ico* W. sparrow; mcil-Kra sparrow-hawk; incil- mgo a fabulous stone, like a bird's head, supposed to possess a variety of marvelous qualities. m>cil-ma 1. W. *mcil-mdg*, resp. Ijags-mcil, Ijags-cdb spittle, prob. also other similar fluids Lt; O dor-ba ( W. *pdn-ce) to spit; mcil-lud ( W. *mcil-ldud r ) morbid saliva, e.g. of people affected with a cough or with hectic fevers; mcil-sndbs prob. id.; mcil-snod, resp. zal-bzed, spitting- box ; mcil-zum, mcil-bkdb W. sla^ering-bib or cloth. 2.=mcil-lhdm Tar. 72, 9? m$il-lhdm shoe, boot, mcil-lhdm ynyis O dor-ba to lose both shoes Wdn.\ mcil-lhdm-mtfan shoemaker, cob- bler, seller of boots; mcil-lhdm-gyi yu-ba the leg of a boot Cs. infis-pa 1. also mcis-ldgs-pa, eleg. for yod-pa, to be, to be there, to exist, du mcis how much is there, how many are there? Cs.' su-la ddm-pai cos >n"ci*-pa whoever has the holy doctrine Dzl.; yul dbiis-nas mct's-so (he) is (comes) from the country tl Dzl. 2. pf. of ?/<<'/- ba 1. lam n'n-po-nas mcis-te having come from afar. 2. zes mcis-pa so-called. "" 1. eleg. dwelling, abode. domicile; also wlu-n ^akinu modestly of one's own dwelling: bddy-gi mcin-ln-<'u'i my humble roof /):/. > / wife, partner. bed. bed-stead <. - ''P y a - m^u upper lip, ma- * mcu lower lip; mtu btud mKa* \\'it. prob.: one must be wise in lowering the lips, i.e. one must yield, giving up pouting; Ka-mcu, resp. zal-mcu 1. lip 2. word, voice (?) Sch. 3. quarrel, strife, Ka-m<tu rgyal-pdm ji-ltar byuii ze-na if one asks, which are the details of the quarrel ; *Kam- cu jhe -pa* C. *gydy-pa* Cs. to quarrel. - 2. beak or bill of birds, mcii-la f6g*-t Ogro-ba to fly, carrying something in the bill S. 0.; mcu-lto (or cu-mdo?) W. id. - 3. n. of one of the lunar mansions, v. rgyu-skar. Comp. mcu-skye muzzle Sch. -- mcu- sgros v. sgros. - - mcu-far Sc/i. (prob. a. mis-print for mcu-for) pustules, tubercular elevations on the lips. - - mcu-ri/is long- beaked, n. of a bird, and also of an in- sect (a large musquito). tx'n* mw-ba, Cs. also mce-so, corner-tooth. canine tooth, eye-tooth, fang, tusk of an animal, mcc'-la ytsig$-pa, W. *ze-ce*, to show one's teeth, to grin; mct'-lnt-can-gyi sde the class of the tusked animals, viz. the carnivora (lion, tiger, leopard), and the tusked pachyderrnata (elephant, boar etc.). w m/, sku-mced* weed -/'///. n--p. for spun, brother, sister; mted my two brothers Dzl. : .s/v/x-w/o Iha meed bzi four princesses, sisters; del his illustrious brother, in reference to a king, prince etc. Glr.\ esp. of gods: mfrd bzi four divine brothers Glr.: nicfd-gr6gtj </r<><ts-mcSd clerical brother, mtfd - grfy* nniit-po fsdgs-par where many clerical brothers assemble; mm/- grogs dam-fst'g yciti-pa Thgr. betrothed brothers, religious I uot here, = cos-spun; also mced-lcdm has this signification. 16:; ...&; r•. _HOIi; one {..u. _ dJ.ytl; T. 1l0ti. ...li"-bN Ci. - ol;'i-btl. 11100, lJrfHtlRd,''Nl''''liJ, n·. °mol_ I n.r rt'111 thetaJ-k, 11Jee(.II (of an MI10ured person) Ga.; Wllid-lti1C .os...·t'I' to luch speeeh Alil. .iSn-pa, rt'Sp. Mw-Mli" the liver; ...Sn - ri the midrift lJr diaphragm; 1nc;n-Ea li\'er-eolourM; mlin- ndn 'lifer first breakf:Ist, be-. according to popular belief ,,·Ater riSK from the humaD li\'er in the morning, which is depressed IInu by taking some food; meill-nd" bgtd-pa to break- fast. lIIi!il_pa I. fishing-hook D::l., lIInl- lHU '1'9" ;fQr - ba to fish with II IlOok, to l\.Dgle C•. - 2. a little bird, lV. 0?l_pa., T•. °CII_pig; H-pa lkyu-fC(}· lV. sparrow; "l'bi-ira spn.rrow-hawk; me,l- mgO • fabulous stone, like a bird's betld, supposed to po86C a nriely of mllnelous qualities. ",ClI-1tt{J I. IV. .",'6l-wtdg O , resp. lja,...1f·I, Qugt-ldb spittle, lirob. also other silllilnr ll.uid5 Lt.; (IV. to pit; MaUIUI (II: o..'6l_UIUI') D10rbKl 5aliTa, e.g. of people alf«ted ....·itb a cough or widl hertie (even!; fHc;I..Hd!JI prob. id.; ..lit-."M, resp. ::a1-h=iJ, spitting- hoi; maUH.:db slll..ering-bib or doth. - 2. -mCi/·14lim Tur. 72, it? mnl-lluim shoe. boot, ",lI1-lJUM 1'11yi1 ockw-ba to lose both $hGei WWt.; '/I'81_/Alim -tNJlUlI shoelDllker, cob- Mer, seller of boots; lIIdJ-lJuim-gyi yU-ha the leg of II hoot (i. "'".-pa 1. ulso eleg. for yod-pa, to be, to be tllere, to exist, liu mel' 110..... much is there, how many lire there? w.; ,':'-la lidlll-pai eo. "In, -11(1 v;boe-.·er hilS the hol)" doc.trme Du.; yu1 dlJiI.-naf __ (he) i. (l:ome.) from tbe rountry 0 D::/. - 2. pc. of "Ili- M I. lum ri"_po-"...li.-ir buiDg ootlle from .fltr. '2. U. mol-fX1 W1m-mt" 1. Ifwttllnf, 1bMt, d .., •• OmlCl e; ."0 wilen lJlt'f'ltin« modbtl)· of one', own dlfl"elliDg: Mag_yi m'&-br,Eti my humbLe roof lJ:l. - t [""A. wife. partner. .e.-.-lI1dl bR. bH...t .... c.. 1fltv I. lip, )'11- _lw; upper lip, _ "'(;, lower lill; .er. wild N<SI nil. prob.: one must be wile in lhe lips, i.e. one must )'ield, giTiog np pouling; la-mev. resp. I. lip 2. word, "oice (?) &h. J. qUllrnl, .trife, _t1fllf TY!lal-pam ji..Jtur byu;' :t!--na if one asks, which lire the detail! of tILe quarrel; -lum- lli )M-ria- C. -!!!Jd!J - pa" £4. to qUllm!. - 2. beak or bill of birds, meif_fa fdg.-tt o!!'-d-ba to fir, c:.rryillg lIOmclbing in the bill S. 0.; mi!u-lto (or ru-nutof) lV. ill. _ 3. n. of one of the lunllr ruA.l1&ionl, T. n.r.JU-d:ar. Compo 'II1i!u-J:yi muule &n. _ .,h- Y. f!Jra.. - JHru-fdr &11. (prob... mis-print for mh.-lUr) tUOercular ele\'alioDI on the lip!. - Wllw.-ri..... long- beaked, n. of :l bird, llod also of an io- &eet (a large musquito). ..::r tnCi-ba, C•• also ff1C-O, comer-too, canine tooth, eye·tooth, fang. tvsk of 110 animil, .,a4a lUigl-pd, .lJ..h 0 , to show one's teeth, to grin; W lhe c1us of ahe IUiketl lUJillllalS, Ti.L tile carnivora tiger, leopllrd), IlDd the tU.$kcd (elephllUt, oo.r el.e.). 1ob-11IUtI, ..&t.l-l}m... !tip. I for spun, brother. sister; ,"MI my two brothers D::l.; ,,'/;,-WI(I l4a-fM... 'mMl b':i four prillcessu, listeN; llti .ltd hi, illustrious brother, in re.fereoce to a king, llrinee etc. Glr.; ellp. of gods: "l&d bS four di7ioe lJrotheni Glr.; grogt -,Hlid cleriul lJrother, "lltd - gr6gI "lti,; -1)() fMJgt -!H'" where ftlallY clerical brotllers ..l«l- grdgI doHt- 6ig rHg-pa TI&gr. belnKbed brol..heN, rcligioul !.wotbert, - 1'oHpliJt; also ...hrl_uv. lau this .6oatiQJl. 166 ']' meed-pa J" mcod-pa meed - pa 1. to spread, to gain ground, esp. of a fire, frq.; also fig.: bddg-gi Qdod-cdgs-kyi me meed -pas as the fire of voluptuousness spread or increased within me DzL; also in the following sense : mdr-me ycig-la ycig meed Itar as one kindles one light by another Mil. ; ycig glen ynyis glen rim-pas mced-de as (the news) spread more and more by gossiping people Pth. skye-mced v. skye. 2. = yyo-ba, mi-mced-pai dad-pa = dad- pa brtdn-po. -s '^r mcer-pa the milt, spleen. nicog the best, the most excellent in its kind, skyes-bu mcog, mii mcog, rkan-ynyis-rnams-kyi mcog Buddha; nyes- Itun-gis ma pog-pa (or no) mcog yin-te pog-rtin bsdgs-pa byed-pa rob yin Mil. the best thing is, not to have been surprised by sin, but after having been surprised, it is the best to confess it (and thus to atone for it); ysun-mcog chief or funda- mental doctrine, main dogma, principal commandment etc. Glr.; na ni ^jig-rten O di-na mcog I am the highest in the world (says Buddha immediately after his birth) Glr. ; ynas-mcog the most glorious or splen- did country Glr. ; ro-mcog excellent taste or flavour Mil.; mKas-mcog-rnams most learned gentlemen Zam. ; also as a compli- mentary word; mi mcog Kyod most honour- ed Sir! Pth. ; mcog-dmdn, mcog dan fun- mon, mcog dan pal -pa, good and bad, first-rate and common, fine and ordinary, of goods etc.; eminent and ordinary, of mental gifts, talents etc.; mcog-tu gyur-pa = mcog, e. g. mi-rnams-kyi ndn-na mcog- tu gyur-pa ycig one that has risen among men, so as to become their chief Glr. ; yul-rnams-kyi mcog-tu gyur-pa the most splendid of countries. Adv.: mcog-tu very, most, with verbs: bon-po-la mcog-tu mos-pa zig a great admirer of the Bonpos Mil.; gen. with adjectives: ro mcog-tu mndr-ba extremely sweet; with the com- parative: much, far, by far, greatly, de- bas mcog-tu ceo ... is far or much greater than that DzL Comp. mcog-sbym pyag-rgyd a gesture made in practising magic, in conjuring up or exorcising ghosts. 'mcog - zut'i the model pair, the two most excellent amongst Buddha's disciples, Shariibu and Mau- dgalgyibii, v. Kopp. mcog-rin longest Ttyy. mcon v. con. "' Zons-pa to leap, to jump, frq., e.g. cur into the water; mi-seb-la among the people, e.g. of a mad dog). wwdd-pa (tnj) I. vb. 1. to honour, revere, respect, receive with hon- our, kiin-gyis bkur zin mcod-pai ^os worthy of being honoured and praised by all; usually ccapir. (rarely dp.) in the special sense: to honour saints or deities by offer- ing articles of food, flowers, music, the sound, odour and flavour of which they are supposed to relish, hence to treat, entertain, regale (the gods), and in a more general sense applied also to lifeless ob- jects, e.g. to honour a sepulchre in such a manner; Glr. mcod-pa may therefore in English be sometimes translated by: to offer, to sacrifice, but it should always be borne in mind, that no idea of self-denial or yielding up a precious good (as is im- plied by the English word), or of slaughter- ing, as in the Greek &vstv, can be con- nected with the Tibetan word itself, though in practice bloody sacrifices, abhorred as they are by pure Buddhism in theory, are not quite unheard of, not only animals being immolated to certain deities, but also men notoriously noxious to religion slaughtered as dmar - mcod, red offering, to the dgrd-lha q.v. 2. C. resp. to eat, drink, take, taste, (in W. expressed by *don-ce*). II. sbst. offering, oblation, libation, mcdd- pa Jwl-ba, W. *pul-ce* frq., also byed-pa; rol-mo mcod-par Jbul-ba to bring an !G6 mrod-pa p« 1. to spread, to gaiu '1 ground, esp. of a fire. frq.; also fig.: bdJg.gi i1od·ld!J8-lryi me mCid· pa' ns tile fire of voluptuousness spread or increased within me D:l.; also in tbe following sense: mar-me rCig-ia rag mcrd It<<r as onc kindles one light b)· another Mil.; rei!] gleli rnyis gkl' 1'im-pru IItcM-de flS (tbe news) spread morc and ruol'e by gossipiog people Ptk -- ,kye-'meed .... ,kgI'. - 2. _ r!l6-ba, lIli-mkd-pai ddd--pa - ddd- pa brt611..po. , mcb--p« the milt, spleen. 'IIlCo9 the best, most cxcellcilt in its kind, ,A'Jj(rs.bu m&g, mii mrog, rka,j-)'1Iyis-rnuTll&-jyi mlog Buddha; "'yet- lttin-Un 'lila flOg-pa (or na) 1Ileog yilt-te fog-rtM Mags-pa byftl-pa rab yin Mil. the best thing is, Dol to ha\'c been surprised by sin, btd after having been surprised, it is the best to confess it (and thus to atone fol' it); )'$uli-mt!dg chief or funda- mental dOClJ'ine, mllin dogma, principal commandment etc. Glr.; ,ia Jli JirrrtJn odi-na 1II00g I urn thc highest in the world (says Buddha immediately after his birth) Glr.; ynas-nIMg the most glorious or splen- did country Glt.; ro-mldg excelleut tnste or flayour Mil,; 1/IIla8-mc6f;-I'Iwm8 most learned gentlemen Xam.; also as D compli- mentary word; mi 11/['09 fyod most honour- ed Sir! Pth.; mi'!og-dmdn, m&r! dmi (un- m.M, mrog dali P<il- pa, good and bad, first-rate and common, fine and ordinary, of goods etc.; eminent and ordinary, of mental gifts, etc.; 1/IU:1-ta gyUl'"j>a - mOOg, e.g. mi-rnams-J.-yi nUli_7lU '",Mg- lu gyur-pa f''.if! one that has risen u.mong men, so llS to become their chief Glr.; yUl-rnams-/.:yi mldg-tll 9!Jur-pa the mosL splendid of countries. - Adv.: mt!!>g-tu very, most, with yerbs: btin-po-la mMy-tu mdt-pa Zig a great admirer of the Boupos Mil.; gen. with adjectives: ro 1/1t!6y-tu '7midl'-ba extremely sweet; with.. the com- parati"e: much, far, by far, greatly, de. "V bus cro.,. is fur or much greater than that Dzl. Compo Wlroy-lbyfll pyag-rglJu l\ gesture made in practising mngic, in conjuring up or exorcising ghoats. - 'IIleog - ZN" the model pair, the two most excellent amongst Uuddha's disciples, Shnriibti lllld Mau- dgalgyibu, Y. Kiipp. - 1/1;:09-'1';,i longest Th!l!l. lIIt'(l1i Y. cO/i. 7Ilco,i-ua, mi1mi'-pll to lea.p, to JUIllI), frq., e.g. luI' into the wllter; 7Ili-seb-la among the people, e,g. of a mad dog). (l'J I. vb. 1. to honour, revere, respect, receive with hon_ our, kun-gyi, ukUr zit. 7IllOd-pai worthy of being honoured and praised by all; usually ccapil'. (rarely dp.) in the special $Cnse: to hoooul' saints or deities by offer· iug articles of food, Oowers, music, the sound, adOUl' and Oavour of which they are supposed to relish, hence to treat, entertain, regale (the gods), and in a. more general sense applied nlso to lifeless ob- jects, e.g. to honollf a sepulchre in such a manner; Glr. mCdti-pa may therefore in English be sometimes translated by: to offer, to sacrifice, but it should always lIe oorne in mind, that no idea of self-denil\l or yielding up a precious good (as ill im- plied by the English word), or of slaughter- ing, as in the Greek I!ufu', can be con- nected with the Tibetan word itself, though in practice bloody sacriiices, abllOrroo as they are by pure Buddhism iu theory, nre not quite unhenrd of, not only animals being immolated to certain deities, but also men notoriously noxious to religion slaughtered u.s dmar -m'&xl, red offering, to the dgra-lIw q.Y, - 2. G. resp, to e.t, drink, take, taste, (in liZ e:a:prcssed by ·d6n-c,,). II. sbst. offering, oblation, libation, 7IlWd- pa ",Ml-Im, W: ·fnil-h· frq., also uytd-pa; rdl· 7110 mCdd -lJllr ",uM - ba to bring nn o mcnd-/m 167 jfag-pa offering of music Mil.: m<!6d-pa mu-fsdgs togs-te carrying along with them all sorts of offerings Glr.; mc6<l-j>i Kydd-par bcu the ten kinds of offerings Tar. : Ilt<i-inc6d offering or libation brought to a Ilia', O bru- mcod an offering consisting of grain; dus- mcod offerings presented at certain times I 'tli.; rgyun-m&d daily offering; fig. dad- pai mcod -pa Mil.; )'tan-rdy-tu syn'd>-pai mcod-pa pul as a thanksgiving bring the offering of meditation! Mil. - Comp. mcod-Knit house or place of offer- ings, of worship, Pth.\ adopted as an appel- lation for the temple of the Jews, as Ihd- Kan could not be used Chr. Prot. mcdd- Kri offering-table, Jewish altar, Chr. Prot. - mcod-lcdy prob. the same, ('. mcod- cd Glr. = mcod-rdzds. mcod-bijod words of adoration, doxology. mcod-rten Ssk. %3f (religious building) and ^rq (elevated place, elevation, tumulus) 1. etymologically ; receptacle of offerings ; 2. usually : a sacred pyramidal building, of a form varying in different countries and centuries, esp. near temples and convents, where often great numbers of these structures are to be seen. They were originally sepulchres, containing the relics of departed saints, and therefore called ydun - rten', afterwards they were erected as cenotaphs, i. e. in honour of deceased saints buried elsewhere, but in more recent times they are looked upon as holy symbols of the Buddhist doc- trine, v. Kopp. I, 533. mcod-steys offer- ing-table, altar. -- mcod-stod Sch.: an offering with a hymn of praise. mcod- ston an entertainment, as sort of libation, given to the priests Dzl.; perh. also a sacrificial feast. -- mcod-sdon 1. Sch. = mcod-rten (?), 2. offering-lamp Sch., 3. the wick of such a lamp (in this sense it is used in a little botanical book). mcod- ynds 1. prop, place where there is offered, place of sacrifice. 2. the object to which veneration is shown, image of a god Glr., sanctuary. 3. the offering priest, the sacri- ficator. - - mcod-pa-po a sacrih'cer ( '*. m^od-Jbid the offering of a sacrifice Cs. mZod-sbi/in id. (though elsewhere sbst., as a gift to deities, is distinct from sbyin-jia a gift to men), also: sarrifieer; mcod - sbyin - yyi O dun - Kdii house where people assemble in order to perform sa- crifices; vrdg-yi mcod-sbyin bloody offer- ings or sacrifices Tar. mewl- me offer- ing - lamp, lighted in honour of a deity, and very common in the houses of Bud- dhists; * cod-mi pul-ce* W. to light such a lamp, (prop, to offer it). mtod-rdzd*, mcod-cd, mcod-pai yo-bydd instruments, utensils, requisite for festival processions in honour of a deity. mcod - somx or -bsdms the upper shelves in the holy re- positories, containing the little statues of Buddha etc. mcdr-po, sometimes jpy6r-po 1. pretty, handsome, neat, elegant, po mcor-po a handsome man, bud-med m?dr- mo a pretty woman, esp. a smart gaily dressed female. -- 2. W. also vain, con- ceited. Q cdg-can col. trodden, stamped; solid, firm, compact, like the Hindustani pakka. <? a 9-P a ! P f- ty ( s ) ] - * break vb. n., mod cog-pa a broken vessel l.' fig. na-ryydl cag my pride is broken, frq.; der- by on-stabs cay the opportunity of going there has been cut off Mil. ; *lam cay -pa (also soy -pa)* C. a. a beaten, practicable road (a road broken through, v. Oceg-pa) b. W. an impracticable, broken- up road. 2. to be broken off, abated, beaten down from the price, zu-cdy-med- par there being no room for either asking or abating Mil. nt. - II. also cdgs -pa, pf. bcags, fut. bcag (imp. O cogt) \. to tread, to walk, to move, esp. when speaking respectfully or for- mally, yab~mes-kyi zdbs-kyis bcdgs-ptti sd-ca the place where my ancestors did walk Glr. ; zabs cdgs-pai pyag pyir follow me on my walk Mil. nt, - - tu or Jfags - sti Offr6 - ba to take a walk Dzl.', *gom-cag-1:f W. to step along so- lemnly; aiy-peb-pa v. pydg-peb-pa. - offering of music Mil.: 1I1Md-pa mll.fJdg. f6g.-te cltrr}'ing along with them all sorls of offerings Glr.; It!Jutl·/'ul' belt the len kinds of offerings 'l'ar.; 1I11l-lIIcdtl offering or lil»ttion brought to l\ lila; /ml- mOOd an offering consisting of groin; dlu- lIlltXl offerings presented Ilt ccrtRin times PIA.; I'9'Jun-mOOd daily offering; fig. (Md- pai 1/IMd-pa Mil.; )'tati-l'ufJ·tu IJf/l'ub-pai mc(xL·pa (ml ns A thllnksgiying bring the olferillg of nlcdil.tt.tioD! Mil. - Compo 11ICdd-lfwi house or place of offer- ings, of worship, 1'tk; adopted as an appel- lation for the temple of the Jcws, as lIui- Vail could not be used Clw. Prot. - meM- I..'ri offering-table, Jewish altar, CI,I'. Prot. - 'II,'Cod-lroO prob. the same, G -mOOd- cd Gil'. - lIlCOO-rdztl3. - mOOd-bljOd words of ndomtioll, doxology. - 1IICod-I'ttln SJ.:. b (religious building) nnd (t'lcvl1.tcd place, cleYl\tion, tumulus) 1. etymologically; receptllcle of offerings; 2. usually: II Mcred pyrnmidnl building, of a. fonn vftlJing in different countries Md centuries, esp. neAr temples nnd convents, where oftcn grent numbers of these l;tructnre8 nre to be They were originally sepulchres, contnining the relics of depnrted saints, and therefore cnlled }"d",j - I'thl; aftcrwnrds they werc erectcd as cenotaplls, i. e. in honour of decensed saints buried elsewhere, but in more recent times they are looked upon l\S holy symbols of the Buddhist doc- Irine, v. K6pp. I, 533. -lII'tod-ath,fl offer- ing - table, altar. - ",Cod· !/Jd Sell.: lln offering witb' l\ hymn of praise. - tl'Cod- .tQn an entertainment, AS sort of libRtion, gi"en to the pric6ls Dzl.; perl,. lllso a sacrificial feast -- 11100.[- sd&i 1. &/1. - mOOd-11m (?), 2. offering-lamp &1<., 3. the wick of such l\ lamp (in this sense it is used in a little botnnicnl book). -mCod- rna., 1. prop. place where there is offered, place of sacrifice. 2. the object to which yenemtion is shown, image of a god GII'., sanctuary. 3. the offering priest, the sacri- fator. - 7Ilcdtl-pa-po ll. sacriflcer C•. - m"lod-.obUl Ole offering of a iilClifiOi:l'ti. - 167 ",lod.,byi", id. (though 1I1l«l-pa slm., ItS R gift 10 deities, is distinct from wy;1I -I'a a gift to men), abo: '!'enficer; 7/1(0([- 'btI,"n. !/!Ji odutl. /faij house wllere people IIssemble in order to Ill.'rlorm p. crifices; twdg-gi lII00d••byln bloody offer· ings or sacrifices 7'al'. - mcoo·me Dffer- ing -lamp, liglJted in honour of • deity. and very common in tile houses of Bud- dhists; ·Cod-mt fnll.feo IV. to light lIuell " lamp, (prop. to olTer it). - mbxl-rd:IiI, mOOd - cd, mcOd-pai yo-byod instrumentl, utensils, requisito for festi""j iu honour of il. deity. - mCod· iQ"lI or -hianu the upper sllclves in the 'holy re· positorics, contnining the little stlltues of Buddhil. etc. mw'-po, sometimes J1JOr-rJO 1. pretty, handsome, neat, elegant, Po mCdr-po a handsomc maD, lmtl-m&l mror· 1710 a. pretty woman, esp. a smart sNly dressed female. - "Iso vain, con-- ceited. ocrio-cfln col. trodden, stamped; . solid, firm, compact, like the Hindustnni pakka. o&o-pa l. pc. 'till) (s) 1. fo break vb. n., ulod 'lag-pa .. broken D::i.; fig. ,ia-rgydl cag my pnde is broken, frq.; dn·· o !JyQlI·,iaN cag tIle opportunity of going there has been cut off Nif.; °lam cay-pa (also iofJ·pa)· C. ft... beaten, practicable road (ft road broken through, v. oUy-pa) b. lV. An imprActicable, broken- up rOAd. - 2. to be broken off, ftbaLed. benlen down from the price, Zll--oog-mt'tl- pal' there being no room for either asking or abating Mil. "t. - n. Illso ca!p -pa, pc. hearl', fut. bi:tIfI (imp. oC09') J. to tread, to walk, to move, eSj). when speaking respcctfull}' or for· mally, tJOh-'/1ltl.Ayi zdht·k!Ji. bb.i!/f.pai la-ra the pllU:e where my ancestors did wnlk Gir.; zab. cafP· pat Jit/ag fyir .9"0 follow me on m}' walk Mil. III. - o'lag- tu or ow!!' -.m o!l'oO ·lxl to t"ke .. walk Dtl.; °gQ,f1.CQI)·U· W: to step IUong s0- lemnly; Ug+lltfr.pu v. p!Jd!J-jJeb-pa. - 2. 168 O cdgs-pa like Ogro-ba in a more general sense: bzon- pa - la, cibs - la to ride in a carriage, on horseback 6s. gs-pa 1 v. O cdg-pa. -- 2. sometimes for O ceg-pa. <>%(*)- a place for walking, Lexx., Cs. O cdn-ba, pf. beans, fut. 6ca'/i, imp. co/;(s), 1. to hold, to keep, to take hold of, skrd-la by the hair Mil. O can- zuns handle, crook of a stick, Mil. 2. to carry, to wear, to carry about one, e.g. amulets etc. - 3. (yid - la) to keep in memory, in one's mind. --4. to have, to assume, e.g. the body of a goddess, of a Rakshasi Pth. O cdns-pa W. a (closed) handful e.g. of dough; *cdns-bu* a clod (of clay), a snow-ball etc. formed in the hand. n xr'j" Jt4d-$a I- pf- cad, vb. n. to ycod- pa, like cod -pa, to be cut into pieces, to be cut off, to decay, dum-bur (to fall) to pieces Med.; to cease, end, Stop, of diseases Glr., of life Lex.; to cease to flow or to blow, of water or wind; to die away, to become extinct, of a family, a generation ; to be consumed, of provisions Pth. of bodily strength Thgy.; to be decided, fcyod - kyis bsdd - par O cdd - na you being determined to kill me Dzl. - II. pf. and fut. bsad, imp. sod 1. to explain, ^og-tu Q cad it will be explained below Lt. ; yid - la byos sig dan bsdd - do give heed, and I will explain it to you Stg.; O cad nydn-pa to listen to an expla- nation Sch. ; )ig cos ftam O cdd-pa to teach the transitoriness of existence Sch. (?) - 2. to tell, to relate. O cdb-pa, pf. bcabs, fut. bcab, imp. cob to conceal, to keep secret, O cdb- pa-med-pai sems a candid mind, open- heartedness Stg. (cog. to ^jdb-pd). O cdm-pa I. vb. (pf. beam Lex?), also adj. and sbst. to accord, to agree, agreeing, agreement, srid-la mi pam- pas as they did not agree about the go- vernment Glr.; O cam byed-pa to make agree, to reconcile Mil., *cam mi cam* col. they do not agree; fca O cdm-pa to agree upon, to concert, e.g. an escape; fca O cdm-par by concert, unanimously. II. 1. to dance, O cdm-par bijed-pa Sch. 2. a dancer, Kro O cdm-pa a dancer with a frightful mask; gar- cdm(s) a dauce; O cdm-po a dancer Glr.\ O cam-dpon leader of a dance; O cdm-yig book or programme of a dance. ^cB^* c-a Ld., Sp. cupboard. nxn-n* O cd-ba I- pf- bcas, rarely O cas, fut. bca, imp. cos, to make, prepare, construct, but used only in reference to certain things; 1. ynas, vulg. fsaii, O cd-ba Pth. to prepare a place, house or abode, to settle; mal O cd-ba to make a bed or couch Cs. ; dmag-sgdr O cd-ba to pitch a camp ; Krims-ra Q cd-ba to establish a court of justice Glr. 2. rgi/al - fcrims O cd-ba to draw up a law, to give laws, frq. - 3. dam O cd-ba to make a vow, to promise, assert, protest, frq ; yi-dam O cd-ba id.; also to utter a prayer; dam -bca v. sub dam. 4. skyil-krun cd-ba = skyil-kruu byed-pa, v. skyil-ba. 5. blo-ftdd Ocd-ba, c. c. la, to place confidence in. II. to bite, ycig-la yc\g O cd-zin zd-la to bite and devour one another Dzl.; so O cd-ba to bite with the teeth (?) Mng., or to gnash or grind the teeth (?); sin O cd-ba to gnaw at a piece of wood Stg. X' O car-rgydn} or O car-cdn a present ' given reluctantly Sch. (?) n xr-n* oCdr - ba, pf. sar, to rise, appear, become visible, of the sun etc., also of the sun's appearing above a moun- tain, from behind a cloud etc., frq.; to Shine, gans-ri-la nyi-ma sar-ba the shining of the sun upon a mountain covered with snow, a snowy mountain lit up by the rays of the sun Glr. ; yzugs - brnydn mi O car-ba the not appearing of the image which is formed by the reflection of a mirror (as something strange and surpris- ing) Wdit', yzugs O cdr-ba byed-pa to cause an image to be reflected (in the water); 168 like o!ll'Q-ba in a more genCl'al sense: b::6n- pu -La, Cibs ... La to ride in 11 carriage, on horseback u. . ocdgs-pa 1 .... ocdg-pa. - 2. sometimes for o'teg-pa. ocdg(s)-sa a place for ""!lIking, Lc:rJ:., C,. oC«"-ba, pr. beaiis, rut. bcui!, imp. aui(8), 1. to hold, to keep, to uke hold of, skrti·la by the llllir Mil. - oean- zli;,j, handle, crook of II stick, Mil. - 2. to carry, to wear, to cnrry about one, e.g. amulets etc. - 3. (yid-la) to keep in memory, in one's mind. - 4. to have, to aSSllme, e. g. the body of n goddess, of a Hakshasi J'th. oedlis-pa lv. a (closed) handful e.g. of dough; ·oon8-Jm* :I clod (of clny), a snow-ball etc. formed in the hnnd. ocddiJu 1 Ilf. cad, \'b. n. to l'i:dd- pa, like l!dd - pa, to be !lui into pieces, to be cut (Iff. to decay, diml'" bu" (to full) to pieces MeJ.; to cease, end, stop, of diseases Gl,.., of life Lu.; to cease to flow or to blow, of water or wind; to die away, to become extinct, of 1\ family, Il generation; to be consumed, of provisions Ptl,. of bodily strength TAU!!'; to be decided, ltyM- b3dd - pal' ocdd. na you being determined to kill me Dzl. - II. pf. and fut. imp. 300 1. to explain, ocad it will be f'.xplained below Lt.; yra ·la b!JO' Ug dati bAdd· do gh'e heed, and I will explain it to you Sty.; ,,'Cad nydtl-pa to listen to un exp!:l.- nation &11.; ,,)0 &3 rtanl"ldd-pa to teach the transitoriness of existence Seil-. (?) - 2. to tell, to relate. oldb-pa, pc. bcahs, fut. bCah, imp. cob to conceal, wkeep seCi'et, ocdb- pa--med pai 8im8 a candid mind, open- heartedness Stg. (cog. to Jdb-pa). ocdm-pa I, l·b. (pC. beam la.), also adj. and sbst. to accord, to agree, agreeing, agreement, !"id-la mi "cdm- pas as tbey did not agree about' the go- \'ernment Gl,..; "cam byJ6.-ff Q to agree, to reconcilc Mit., mi col. they do not agree; l!a ocdm. pa to agree ullon, to concert, e.g. nn escape; lCa )'dm-lXir lIy conccn, ummirnously. II. 1. to dance, "cam-par b!Jid-pa Sell. 2. a dancer, Ib'o ocdm-pa a dancer with a frightful mask; a dance; "cdm-1M a dancer Gt,..; ocam-dpdn lender of n. dance; ocdm·yiu book or programme of n. dancc. c;a;a.' oca LJ., S1" clIpboanl. Q,e5(.l',:::r "cd-ba 1. pC. bbu, rarely ocas, fut. "" bi:a, iDlfl. to make, prepare, COlIStruct, but only in reference to certain tbings; 1. J'nOJl, "ulg_ (sa,;, "ca-ba }'th. to prepare a pl:lce, house or abode, to settle; mal ocu../)a to make n. bed or ('oucb {,3.; llmag-3£laJ' ocd·b« to pitch l\ Cllmp; lirfms-I'a ..cd·ba to estnblish a courL of Gll'. - 2. 1"!Jyal- .cd·ba to draw up a law, to givp. laws, frq. - 3. (lam "cd.ba to make a vow, to promise, assert, protest, frq;!Ji - Jam ocd - ba id.; also to utter l\ prayer; (lam-b'll v. sub dam. - 4. Jqfl7./':dl.l' cd-b«-skyil-kl'uu mJM-ptl, v. uyfl-ba. - 5. blo--rttid .,cd-ba, c. c. la, to place confidence in. II. to bite, rCifl ·la r(;ig oi!d.Zi,' zd·la to bite and devour one lIDother D::l.; 30 ocd-ba to bite with the teeth (?) Mrig., or to gnash or grind the teeth jhj ocu-ba to gnaw at u. piece of wood Sty. ..cal'-''fIydll, or oCaI'·Cdn a present ..;J given reluctantly &11. (P) "car- ba, pf.3al', to rise, appear, become visible, of the SUD etc., also of tlle sun's appearing ;Ibo\'e a moun- tain, from behind n. cloud etc., frq.; to shine, ywis.r;"la ll!Ji-ma the shining of tbe SUD upon a mountain covered with snow, 3 snowy mountain lit up by the ruys of the sun Gll'.; Y:IUJ8 - brnydn mi o/Jar. ba the not appclIring of the image whieh is formed b}" the reflection of n mirror (M something strange tlnd surpris- ing) J:V(bi; r::ufls cca,...ba byid-pa to causa an imnge bo reflecled (in the water); </////( l-ka bar spring has appeared; frq. of thoughts: nydms - su, or yid - la ?dr - ba (thoughts) rising in one's mind; yid -la .say ///</// .I///, though I can figure it in my mind; yrt'>y$-su O car (they) appear as tVicuds Mil.\ ryydn-du O car Mil. it turned into a blessing. -- O cdr-sgo thought, idea, conception, O cdr-syo Obyu/i an idea comes, a (happy) thought, a (new) light, bursts upon me Mil.; O car-ya Mil. the rising, the rise. nxQrn* O cdl-ba^ secondary form to O col- ba II., 1. ('s.: to fluctuate men- tally; in this sense prob. Zam. ytad-mcd O cdl-ba to fluctuate, to waver, without aim or object. 2. to be confused, in disorder. smra- cdl, also O cal-)'tdm smra Lt, as a morbid symptom, prob. he raves, he talks nonsense. 3. morally: tsul-Krims O cdl - ba S. g. to break one's vow , bsldb- pa to act contrary to the doctrine, to violate it Tar. ; in a more restricted sense : - 4. to fornicate, to commit adultery, bud- med smad- cdl byed-pa a whore, harlot Mil. ; Jcdl-pa, -po lecher, fornicator Sty.; O cdl-pa-rnams-kyi fsiy obscene language, mentioned as sub-species of kydl-ka; O cdl- mo whore. *cal-la-col-U* W. } col- col Tar. 184, 20 confusedly, pellmell. Q^'n- O ci - ba, pf. si, 1. vb. to die, of a flame: to go out; ran O cio I will seek death Dzl.; O ci-ba yin he dies, will die S.y.; O ci or si-ba-las sds-par Ogyur-ba Dzl. to be saved from imminent danger of death (but not: to rise from the dead); O ci-bar byed-pai cu water causing death Sambh.; si-bar yyur-to they perished Pth. - 2. sbst., the state of dying, death, O a- ba tsdm - du Oyyur - ba to die almost (of grief etc.) Mil.; dus-min O ci-ba nyun-ba yin premature death rarely occurs Sambh.', O ci-ba nam yon ca med Mil. when death will come one does not know, ( W. *si-ce* to die; death; *si son* he has died, *&' yin* he will die). Comp. O ci-Ka ('s.: 'the very act of dying,' but I doubt whether such a sbst. exists; I only know the adv. 9 ci-kar at his very dying, at the point of death Mil., when being exstinguished Glr. (v. Kar nub Ka IV. 4, . r >), and Q ci-ka~ma I. adj. dying, dud- ^-o ci-Ka-ma a dying animal Glr.- "L sbst. the dying, jti - ka - ma - ru <f/-^or (doubtful); %i-kar and Oci-gar may be incorrect spellings. &'-/&, more rarely Jti(-bai) rtdys forebodings, foretokens of death Med. O ci-bddg the lord of death, perh. = ysin-rje, but it seems to be more a poetical expression than a mythological personage; Oci-bddg bdud id. &-nod a disease causing death, a fatal disease Tar. O ci-ba-po Cs.; a person dying (?) O ci-(ba)-med(-pa') immortal; cf. ti-ba. - Note. O ci jpo-ba is prob. only a rather incorrect, yet common expression for fa Opo-ba to change one's place of existence, to transmigrate. o%00-P * bind &/<., prob. an incorr. spelling for Kyiy-pa. -?*-^: *: pa L L vb., pf. 6/ia, fut. bcui, imp. /i(s), W. *cin-ce*, to bind (in ge- neral) ; to fetter (a prisoner) Dzl. ; to bind or tie up, to cord, a bundle or package; to tie round, to put on, a girdle Glr.; to bind up, to dress, wounds; fig. to render harmless, to neutralize, paralyze, esp. by witchcraft, to exorcise, frq.; bciiis ^rdlrba to untie, to loosen, to take off the dress- ings Lt. - II. sbst. any binding-material 1. ribbon. mgul-ci/is necklace, neckcloth, neckerchief. - 2. fetter, shackle, also fig. for magic curse, anathema. - - 3. string, tie. 4. cramp, spasm C. Q^-. . o ci/i-bu a spurious, glass jewel ^ (Schf. Tar. 142, 9); bsam-yas- O cin-bu p. n. Ma. mp. M resp. to ascend, to mount, a horse or carriage, rtd-la, or more correctly cibs-la, to ride, to proceed on horseback. Ociins-pa to be full, to get full 11* "ldl.ha dp!lid-l:a Je". spring Ill\s npllCftred; frq. of thoughts: nylillla.au, or yifl-La lfir-ba (thoughts) rising in one's milld; yill.la 'Ilr l:yaii Mii. though I eM figure in my mind; f/loQgHU ,,car (they) nppenr lUI friend$ ,Mil.; T9ydll-dU ocar Mil. it turned into a blessillg. - )!dl' -ago thought, idea, conception, ocar-ago obywi an idea comes, II (happy) thought, a (new) ligllt, bursts upon me Mil.; ocal'""9a lUi[. the rising, the rise. .'tal-ba, secondnry form to oCdl- ba IJ., 1. Ca.: to fluctuate men- Ially; in this scnse prob. Zam. rtad-mU .i!dl-lJa to fluctuote, to WlIo\'er, without aim or objcct. - t. to be confused, in disorder, anrm - .cdl, also .cal- rtdm ,mra Lt., ns :\ morbid symptom, prob. he rnves, be talks nonsellSC. - 3. morally: tsul- flrinu ocdl- ha S. g. to break one's vow, pa w contrary to the doctrille, to violate it 1'ar.; in a more restricted sense: - 4. to fornicate, to commit adultery, bud- mM, amoo - .cdl byld _pa a whore, hfLrlot Mil.; .cdl-pa, -po lecher, fornicator Stg.; .cdl-pa-''71anu-hJi 60 obscene language, mentioned ns sub-species of kydl-ka; .cal- mo 'Whore. - °'fa[·la_OOl_li" HZ, cal-ldl '1'ar. 184, 20 confusedly, pellmell. ..q' .ci -bu, pf. ii, 1. vb. to die, of Uo flAme: to go out; "ali .cil> I \VilI seck death D::.l.; .Ci-lJa yin be dies, will die S.g.; .ci or ;i-ba·laa ada-par o!I.,/ur-ba D::l. to be saved from imminent danger of dentb (but not: to rise from the dead); ;R-bal' bybl-pai en water cl\usillg death &mM.; 'i-!Jar gyilr_w they perished Ptll. - 2. sbst., the state of dyillg, death, ba tsam-drt o!I!Jiu-ba to die almost (of grief etc.) Mil.; dua-min .Ci-ba llyiln.ba yin premature dead! rarely occurs So.mbh.; 0"8-00 nam yon co. ?ned Mil. wben dcuth will come one does not koow, (W: o,i-W' to die; denth; °Ai !()Ii o he has died, °Ai yin O he will die). Compo ..a-J..'a u,: 'the very ut of dyillg,' but I doubt whctlter such :\ sb6t. exists; I only know the a.d.v. ;Ci..J:ar at hill 169 dying, At the point of demb Alii., when being cxstinguilhcd Gir. (Y. fill' aub ta IV. 4, lmd .cj·J.'tl-nta l. .tlj. dying, lINd- .grtJ .Ci -/fa -1rJa a dying Mima! Glr.; '2. 5bst. the dyillg, (doubtful); oci - ka,. And "8-gar rna, be incorrcct spellioKll. - ;S-lku, oCiHlIli) rwga forebodings, foretokens of death Mtd. - .Ci-bddg the lord of death, perh. - pin-Ije, but it seelOs to be more 1\ poetical cxpression than a mythologiul pcrsontLge; ;Ci-lx1UfI Mud id. - on-ndd II disease C/l.using death, a fatal disease Tnr. - lA.; a pcrsoo dyiog(?) - oci.(ba)-11I/d(-pa) immortal; e£. J1-M. - Note. oCi #60. is proh. only a yct common expression for (u .po..oo to ehlUlge one's pIau of exis\ence, to trnnsmigrnte. •.Q. ;lig{a).opa to bind Sell., prob. an inoorr. spelling for i..'yig-pa. ..::r ;lin-ba, .Ciii'-JIIl I. , vb.,pf.bi:ii13,fut.hCUi, imp. ;[;1;(3), W. °an_te', to bind (in ge- nernl); to felter (II prisoner) D::.l.; to bind or tie up, to cord, 1\ bundle or pl\ekage; 10 tie round, to put 00, a girdle Glr.; to bind up, to dress, wounds; fig. to render harmless, 10 neutralize, paralyze, esp. by witchcraft, to exorcise, frq.; bCm3 t.o untie, to loosen, to take olf the dress- ings Lt.- 11. sbst. any binding. mAteriAl J. ribbon, lIlgul-cbi. necklace, neckcloth, _ t. fetter, shackle, also fig. for mAgic curse, anatheml\. - 3. string, tie. - 4. cramp, spasm C. • •CiJi _btl a spurious, glass jewel (Sellf. Ta,.. 142, D); /i,am - ya'- .c;'i../.nt 1" D. Mo.. ;lib('rl"" pf. />HI», f,. bIib, imp. cw. resp. to ascend, to mount, a horse or cllrriage, 1'w../", or more correctly cw. -la, to ride, to on horseback. .w-.Q" i'''u- pa to be full, to get full rSt:!I. 11' c6l-pa O cir-ba, evidently a present-form of the pf. cir-ba, to press, to squeeze. O cu-ba I. ace. to grammatical ana- logy 1. vb. n. to f cud -pa, to be twisted, distorted, pf. O cus. - - 2. sbst. cur- vature, crookedness, distortion. --3. adj., more frq. O cus-pa crooked, Wry, !ca- ms Wdn. the mouth being wry, distorted Lt- also obstinately perverse; fig. yig-Q cus Med. frq., prob. = Kam-log. II. pf. bcus, fut. bcu, imp. cus, W. *cu- ce*, 1. to lade or SCOOp (water), cu-mig-la cu to draw water from a well Dzl.; cu- fom water- conduit Sch. 2. to irrigate, to water, zin a field 6s. (?) III. ndn-gyis O cu-ba-la Tar. 127, 6, when he was pressed hard, was urged with importunity; (this signification, however, seems to rest only on this passage). q<qm- Ocug -pa to be mistaken Pth., \. O pyug-pa. fte5<W o^n-pa, evidently vb. n. to Jtin- pa, hence 1. to be tamed, subdued, made to yield, stobs-kyis by force, Ids-kyis by hard work. - - 2. to confess 6s. --3. to wrap or twist Sch. 4. to fix Sch. 5. to fix one's self Sch.', O cdl-sar O cun en- tangled in vicious indulgences Sch. o^m(s)-pa 1. to wish, to long for Leas. - - 2. to shrink 6s. o^e-ba, pf- bees, O ces (Sch.), fut. bee, imp. ces, 1. to assure, to pro- mise, Kas Jie-ba Lex., resp. zdl-gyis O ce - ba id. 2. resp. for smrd - ba, like ysun-ba (?) qJqrq- %-P ? also O cdg(s)-pa, pf. 6sa^s, fut. 6sa^, imp. sog, W. *sdg-ce*, 1 . to Cleave, to split, sin wood ; sog-les O ceg- pa to saw Sch.; O ceg-byed (a thing) that cleaves, a hatchet 6s. -- 2. to confess, to acknowledge; v. also bsdg-pa and sog -pa. O ced-pa an incorr. form of cdd-pa or meed-pa. O cems-pa, pf. 6cws, fut. fom, to chew J/ed O cel-ba 6s. 1. to believe, give cre- dit to; blo- cel-ba (?) col. id. - 2. Lexx. zen-pa to wish (?). wall 4 W 7 "., * con-ba, c6ns-paSch. O cdn-ba. ! = O cdm-pa Glr. and Lexx. 2. vb. n. to ^jams-pa a corns sow* now it is done. Ocdr-po = mcor-po. O cor-ba I. vb. n., pf. sor, 1. to escape, slip, steal away; to drop from, ston-mo sor-gyis as the meal escaped him, as he was deprived of the meal Dzl. ; rtsa-k'rdg O cor-ba hemorrhage, bloody flux Med.; bkrag- cor without splendour, lustre- less; nor O cor the money is gone, spent, lost TJtgy.; sdom-pa O cor the duty is vio- lated Glr.; me-la, cu-la O cor-ba to be con- sumed by fire, carried off by water; *can mi fun de - ne Ka mi sor* W. I will not drink any beer, then the mouth cannot run away, i. e. then no indiscreet words will escape my mouth; to flow out, to run, of a leaking vessel, to run over, of a full one. -- 2. to come out, to break out, frq. of fire ; Krug-pa sor a quarrel, a war broke out, also of water breaking through an embankment etc. 3. to go over, to pass, from one person or thing to another, rgydl- sa Bod-nas Me-nydg-la sor the supreme power passed from Tibet to Tanggut Glr. ; yzdn-gyi dbdn-du sor then I shall get into the power of another Mil. ; rkun-ma-la sor it became the prey of a thief. 4. W. to run away, flee, escape, elope, inst. of O fr/-o's- pa, *sor-te ca-dug* he retires, falls back. II. vb. a., pf. (o)sor, fut. ysor (?) 1. to pursue, chase, hunt after, ri-bon rgyas hares by means of nets; nya O cor-ba to fish Dzl.\ 6s. also to strain (?); O cor-sgeg a seducer; a swaggerer Sch. (cf. sgeg-pd). 2. to light, kindle, set on fire(?) O col-pa 1. disorderly, dissolute, im- moral. 2. disorderly action or conduct, dissoluteness, O c6l-pa sna-fsogs spydd-pa committing several acts of im- morality Wdn. -- fcro-bo- ol-pa n. of a demon. (Cf. Jdl-ba II). 170 "cir-ba, evidently Q. of the pr. fir-ba, to press, to squeeze. l;d)'::r ocu-ha I. Me. to ,::-rarnmatical ana· '" logy]. vb. n. to Tcud. pa, to be twisled, distorted, pf. "em. - 2. sbst. cur- vature, crookedness, distortion. - 3. adj., more Crq. oclis-pa crooked, wry, l:a-"M Wd", the mouth being wry. distorted Lt.; also obstinately perverse; fig. yiy'oCla Ned. Crq., prob. - Ram-ldg. II. pI. hem, fut. bru, imp. nu, W: -Mt- i:e., 1. to lade or scoop (water), eu-mig.la Cit to drnw water from a well Dd.; eu- (6m water- condnit Seh. - 2. to irrigate, to water, zi,i a field Ca. (Y) m. nan-yyU "cu-ba-la Tar. 127, 6, when he was pressed hard, was urged with importunity; (this signification, however, seems to rest only on this PflSSag(\). "cug - pa to be mistaken Pil•., v. '" .,p!Jfig-pa. "cun-pa, evidently vb. n. to Jun- '" pa, hence 1. to be tamed, subdued, made to yield, 3iOhs-l:!Ji3 by foree, iUs-legis by hard work. - 2. to confess IA. - 3. to wrap or twist Sel,. - 4. to fix Sell. _ 5. to fix one's self &/1.; )!«l4w' orun en- tangled in vicious indulgences SeA. owm(3)-pa I. to wish, to long "¥ for Le.-e. - 2. to shrink O. oce- ba, pf. b;:es, o?"t3 (&A.), fut. bee, imp. &3, 1. to assure, to pro- mise, /leu ole - ba Le.-e., resl). zdl - gy/3 oce - 00 id. - 2. resp. for 3mrd - ba, like ysim-ba (?) ociy-pa, also o ldg(8)-pa, pf. lMag3, fut. /;jag, imp. 3Of/, lV °idy_U', 1. to cleave, to split, i1ii wood; 3dg-it3 o"g- pa to saw &/1.; o"Clg-byid (a thing) that c1elwcs, a hatchet C3. - 2. to confess, to acknowledge; Y. also bldg-po. aDd My-pa. ocM-pa an iDCOrr. form of cdd-pa or mcb.!-pfl. ocef/M-pa, pf. bCena, fut. bCem, ""\ to chew .Aled. oCti-ba ca. I. to believe, give ere· dit to; (?) cill id. _ 2. J.A;u. = zen-P/l to wis/t(?). l '\:#1]. ,roy wall &h. .. oCdJi-ba,ocon3-pa&h. , . - - oCdll-ba. oCdl1a-pa 1. - Jdm-pa GIl". and i Le.u. _ 2. vb. n. to J61713-pa 4 W, °Ja C<Jm3 3O.i· now it is done. oCq/,-PO - moor-po. ocdr-ba I. vb. n., pf. ,or, 1. to escape, slip, steal away; to dl1lp from, 3tt1n-mo as the menl escaped him, as he was deprived of the meal IJ::i.; rf311-l:'/'dg oMr-ba hemorrhagp., bloody l1uJ: MM.; bkJ'llg-"C6r without splendour, luslre- less; nor the money is gone, spent, lost TII!J!I.; 3d6m.-pa "ror the duty is "io- lated Gir.; 'IIle-la, l!l-lll "i!6r-ba to be con- sumed by firt', cfll"ried off by water; ·'1Ui mi fUll de· 11! mi .!oro W: I will not drink any beer, then the mouth cannot run away, i. e. then no woros .....ill escape my mouth; to flow out, to run, of a leaking vessel, to run over, of II. full one. - 2. to come out, to break out, frq. of lire; ollrog-pa ior a quarrel, a war broke out, also of water breaking through an embankment etc. - 3. to go over, to pass, from one person or thing to another, ruydl- 3a /ltid...nll8 Me-nydg-lll the supreme power pllilsed from Tibet to Tangglit Gir.; rzdn-!J!Ii dlxiti-<ZIt .!or then 1 shall get into the power of another Mil.; I'/.. -un-mll-Ia $01' it became the prey of l' thief. - 4. W: to run away, flee, escape, elope, inst. of ,,/:mh- pll, o;'dr_te he retires, falls back. II. vb. n., pf. (b)Wr, fut. r3Q1' (?) 1. to pursue, chase, hunt after, ri-boti rg!Jeu hares by means of nets; nya "c6r-OO to fish IJ;:/'; C3. also to strain (?); a seducer; It swaggerer &h. (cf. - 2. to light, kindle, set on fire (1) "c61.pa 1. disorderly, dissolute, im- moral. - 2. disorderly w.;tion or conduct, dissoluteness, "ldl- pa ""ina - fWrJ3 3pgdd. po. committing several acts of im- morality lVd,i. - A:ro-bo-,,61. pa n. of a demon. (Cf. "cdl-ba IT). 171 - <Wa L l ) to entrust a |>-r>on with a t> commit a thing to another's charge; to make, appoint, <//-/</ r</i/<H-po J-6l-lo tin -\ iniiclf him kin-,' 7V//.; btsun-mo-la rtd-r<l:i /'<>/ - lo they made the queen tend the horses Glr.; fab- -,y6g O c6l big he may be employed as a kitchenboy, scullion yv//.; dban-med-du O c6l-ba to make one powerless, to compel by authority Glr.; l>i-ol - bai ynyer Lex. manager; ffll-bai no Ler. intercessor; pi-ivdn-la ram- d*gs bcol-nas glu blafis she sang with accom- paniment of the guitar (lit. committing the accompaniment to the guitar) Glr. ; *kyab col-la* (for O col-du) *yon-ce* W. to place one's self under another man's pro- tection. -- 2. to commit, commend, recom- mend, Ids O col-ba to commission one with an affair or transaction; resp. prin(-las) O col - 6a, though prin (-/as) seems to be sometimes a mere pleonasm: ban -so yul del //Hi-xriiit-i'nams-la prin-bcol mdzdd-do (the king) recommended the sepulchre to the tutelar gods of the country Glr.; *col- f>' l>6r-c(* W. to deposit a thing for tem- porary keeping. II. = O cdl-ba 1. 6s. to change, to turn aside (?) -- 2. to be thrown together con- fusedly, e.g. of the loose leaves of a (Ti- betan) book; O col-bar bytd-pa to put in disorder, to confuse, to confound Ma.', dge-sdig ^col-bar Ogro virtue and vice are confounded Ma.; *'i le-ka <!6l dug* W. this affair goes wrong, turns out badly; in a sp,-rial sftn^-: to rave, to be delirious t'.; * col -lab yydb-pa* 6'. id.; *y/W lat>-pu, gyay-pa* C., to talk confutedly whilst being heavy with sleep; *c<tl-l.<t' < senseless talk; * col-In //-/// /-./. ...i-tmj* W. being of a mixed race; illegitimate or bastard child, bastard. 3. morally: to break a vow; *a-ne col son* he has broken his vow on account of a woman, i.e. by having married. O c6l-ma Cs.: 1. a thing committed to another's care. 2. a sly, crafty woman, Sch. a dissolute woman. %08-pa I. pf. bcos or Oc<w, fut. 6&>, imp. cos, supine bcda-su Dzl. %, 4, W. *c6-i-e*, pf. and imp. *co**, to make, make ready, prepare, to construct build, a bow, a road etc. Glr.; O co&-am am I to build? Glr.; dres-ma fag-par O c6s-pa to make ropes out of dresma (a kind of grass) prop, to work dresma into ropes, Glr. ; yzab O cos-pa to adjust one's ornaments Sch. ; lits Ocos-pa to dress, to trim one's self up Sch.; -/sdr-du O cos-pa to renew, reno- vate, repair Sch.; Uun-ba j'n/ir Ocos-pa Tttr. 95, 20 perh. to retouch, amend, correct, improve. -- fsul- cos hypocrisy, a mere outward performance of religious rites and observances Mil., fsul- cos ma byas spyod- pa to live without hypocrisy Mil.; fsul- cos- mKan hypocrite. fsi//- ?os-pa or bcfo- pa ace. to 6s. also an established rule or canon. II. Sch.: to gnaw off (secondary form to $d-ba). ja 1. the letter j, media, palatal, like the Italian gi in Giovanni, g in giro; in 6'. as initial deep-sounding and aspirat- ed, }/t. - - 2. numerical figure: 7. 3. tea, resp. ysol-ja. For the trade in Cen- tral Asia it is pressed into brick-shaped lumps, a portion of which, when to be used, is pulverized and boiled, having been well compounded with butter and salt or soda (buV) by means of a kind of churn of bamboo (gur-gitr), after which it is drunk as hot as possible. Of late years tea grown on the southern slopes of the Himalaya Mountains finds its way into .lOl-ba I. pf. bool, fut. ;,.lol (?) 1. to entrust l\ persoo with a thing, to cOImmit u. thing to llnother', cllargc; to make, Jtl·la '"!J9Iil-PO .col-lo tbe)' mlldc him king HI•. ; ,·td-rdzi bCdl - 10 the)' made tIle quecn tend the horses Glr.; (ob· ;ydg lol lIe may be ewplo)'eu as a kitehenoo)', scullion 1'11,.; (lbali. mld-du .col.ba to mnke one powerless, to compel b)' autilOrity Glr.; lx"dl· bai J'1l!JW maonger; .lol. wi no Ltr. intercessor; pHNiJi.la ralll ••d!fp lx'dl·JI(J$ glu Mon. slie sang with accom- paniment of the guitar (lit. committing the aeoompnniment to the guitar) Glr.; "1..1Iob Ml·W" (for "Col-du) "!JOli-t'-? W: to place one's self under another mnD's pro· tection. - 2. to commit, commend, recom· mend, la••cdl-ba to commission one with an affuir or tmnsl\Ction; resp. }irin (.1/1.1) ;Cdl - bo, though pl'{n ( .laa) seems to be sometimes II. mere pleonasm: 0011 - so YlIl (Iii 1I,a4I,j"_rIlOlll._{a }iritl.lx'dl lIldzdd-f1o (the killg) recommended the sepulchre to the tutelnr of the country Glr.; "all· Mbdr-cf* n: to deposit a tllillg for tern· llorar)' keeping. IJ. _ ,,'tdl·ba 1. C•. to change, to tum aside (?) - 2. to be thrown together con- fusedly, e.g. of the loose leaves of a (Ti- betan) book; "c61.bar byId-pa to put in disorder, to confuse, to confound Mil.; lOl-bor ..f!I'O 'Virtue and vice Me confounded A/a.; "'i li·l..·o Cdl dlVJ" IV. this affair goes wrong, turns out badly; 1::: ja 1. tbe letter j, media, palatal, like the Italian gi in Giovanni, 9 in giro; in C. l\8 initial doop·sounding and aspirat- ed, j/l. - 2. numerical figure: 7. - 3. tea, resp. pol-ja. For the trade in Cen· t"" Asia it is pressed into briek..shl\llCd lumps, a portion of wllieh, WlllllL: to be 171 in Il. special seuse: to rave, 10 be delirioln ('.j -lol- ldb !/yab -IIU" C. id.; -lIyid - rot lab· pa, 99u9 ·IJU- G:, to talk confuieJl)' whilst being heavy with sloo(l; "ld(.lu- C. senseless talk; -Ml·A'all-1li (H"fIM, 'loHtirl IV. being of a miJ.ed mee; illegitimate or bastard ebild, balltll.l·d. - 3. Inorall)': to bl'flak a vow; Col 10"- lie ball broken bis YOW on account (If a woman, i.t. by having married. ,,'Cdl-ma (...: 1. " thing committed to another's care. - 2. a sly, crafty woman, Srh. a dissolute woman. I. pc. W:os or "ro., fut boo, imp. Col, supine bMa-.u D:l. 4, W. -c6-(:l', pf. and im(l. "00.-, to mike, make ready, prepare, to construct, build, a bow, a road etc. Glr.; ,,'&a••am am I to build? Glr.; drh·ma (jig_par "u,.pa to make ropes out of drhma (a kind (If gragg) prop. to work Jrinna into fOlIOS, Glr.; rzab "c6l· pa to ndjust one's ornaments &h.; lu, "ro.-pa to dress, to trim one's self up Sc!J.j )".ar4u "ldd-pa to renew, f{'no- vate, re(lftir Sen.; It,j,i.bllJ''yir "co..pa Till'. 95, 20 perb. to retouch, amend, correct., imp'·(J\·e. - hYlloorisy, II. mef{' outward performance of religious rites aud obsen'ances Mil., (ml-"foI "'0: bylU .pydl/. pa to lil'e without Mil.; (ml-"ro.· '/111..'(/11 hypocrite. - ($/il-"Coa·pa or bro.- lia nee. to G3. also an estnblished rule or canon. II. Sc1l.: to gnaw off (secondar)' form to oell.OO). used, is puh'('rized and boiled, haying well compounded with butter IWd MIt or soda (bill) by ml'ans of ft kind of cbum of bamboo .. ",·!Iid. it i$ drunk as hot as pos;;ible. Of late )'C'afli tell grown 011 the southern of tile HilllUI.)"u litountAins finds it;; wa)' iuto 172 ja-hod Central Asia. The tea called Jbru-fdn is considered the best, and of other teas Cs. mentions rtse-ja, zi-lin-spu-ja hairy (?) tea from Siling, (a province in the neighbour- hood of the Kokonor); Schr.: yndm-ja, min-ja, Obo-ja, ja-yzuns, zau, hu-cdg, ^u- si; bzan-ja, or ko-tse is, ace. to Cs., good ordinary tea, cuh- jug, or cun-cun are sorts of inferior quality. The shepherds in W. make use of a surrogate, viz. the Potentilla Inglisii (span -ja), growing on the mountains at a height of 15000 feet; poor people in Sik. use the leaves of the maple (yya-li). Other comp. ja-bkrug (pronounced *jhab-tug*\ prob. iorja-dkrug, twirling-stick Ts. ja-mcod, libation of tea. ja- fdg, or btdg grinding-stone, in India and Tibet used for kitchen purposes inst. of our little mortars. - - ja-ddm Sch. tea-pot (?) ja- blug W. a little pitcher -shaped brass ves- sel. ja- bih (pronounced *jham-bin*} C. tea-kettle, tea-pot, --jd-ma the man that prepares the tea in a monastery, tea-cook; jai dpon head-tea-cook. - ja-ril 1. W. grinding-stone; 2. Lex. skull. ja-sun-can 'a cup of tea, or: as much as a cup of tea' Sch. ja-seq tea-dust Sch. ja-hod Lex. yellowish red. robb' n 9? robbery, jag rgydg-pa to ' rob, to be a robber; rku-jag-gyu-zol byed-pa Glr.; jag-pa frq. robber (not rob- bery Sch.'); jag-dpon captain of a gang of robbers Mil. g^ ji 1. num. fig.: 37. 2. the correlative form of the pron. , what For the con- struction of a sentence containing ci or)i, v. gan II. The explanation there given shows, that in correct language ji is always followed by a participle : ji yod-pa de pul zig offer what you have, make a libation of what you have. Owing, however, to the slight difference in the pronunciation of ci and ji, the former is frq. written in the place of the latter; ji, of course, is used in conjunction with the same words as ci', a few more instances may follow here: ji-skad whatever, relative to words spoken: nas ji-skad smras kyan whatever I may say Glr. ji-snyed 1. as much as, as great as; 2. C. very much, every thing possible. ji-lta-ba 1. adj. of what kind, of what nature, . . . ji-lta-ba bzin-du . . . la yan de-bzin-no as it. is with. . . so it is with . . . Stg. 2. sbst. quality, nature, con- dition Cs. -- ji-lta-bu such as, like as, Lat. qualis. -- ji-ltar adv. as, in what manner; 'd-mas ji-ltar zer-pa bzin-du ac- cording to what the mother has said Glr. ji-ste = ci-ste. ji nus-kyis to the ut- most, to the best of one's ability Dzl. - ji ma ji-bzin-du (?) according to custom or common usage Sch. ji-mi-snydm-pai bzod-pa a patience prepared for every event Sch. (?) - - ji-tsam ji-snyed; lo Ina Ion- pa ji-tsam-pa de-bzin-no they are (as tall) as (children) five years old Stg.; ji tsam by as kyan whatever they had done Tar.; ji-tsam-na or nas as soon as, when. ji-bzin as, like, how, ji-bzin O fso mi run (he) can in no wise, by no means, con- tinue to live Lt.; ji-bzin-du ysuns ellipti- cally: he said how (it was), he answered according to the state of the case (Schf.} Tar. 89, 9. ji-srid as long as. ET ju num. fig.: 67. N3 =-|or ju-fig denotes a way of drawing NS ' lots by threads of different colours, whence a class of Bonpos is called pya- bon ju-t'ig-can Glr. s'^f ju-po Lis., *ju-lum* W., a globular NS stone used for grinding spices, = ja-ril. us C. strategy. " jus-ma a sort of silk stuff Cs. > s -% s ! Sch- : 'P ssessed of good manners, of propriety of conduct, decent, agreeable; jus-bde sincere' (?) 2. Cs. clever, skilled, able, experien- ced. *zin-gi le* in agriculture, *ma0* in military matters C. c 1 je 1. num. fig. : 97. 2. a particle, used for expressing the comparative de- 172 Cent.ral Asia. The tea called oWu-fdil is considered the best, and of other teas Ct. mentions rtU--)a, zi-lili..spU:lu hairy (?) tea from Siling, (n province in the neighbour- hood of the Kokonor); Sellr.: rndm-ja, miTija, /Jd-)a, )a-i'ztii13, tau, hJl-ldg, 51; hzan-ja, or f.»..tu is, f\.CC. to c,., good ordinary tea, !!Un - Jug> or cwi - ewi are sorls of inferior quality. The shepherds in W: make use of a surrogate, viz. the Potentilla Ioglisii (spdn-ja), growing on the mountains at a height of 15000 feet; poor people in Sik. use the leayes of the maple (ryu..ff). Other compo ja - Mrltg (pronounced ,hab-!u!t), prob. for ja-akritg, twirling-slick TB. - )a-mMd, libation of tea. - )a-ofdg, or btdg grinding-sione, in India lUld Tibet used for kitchen purposes inst. of our little mortars. - )a-ddm Se1l. lea-pol (?) - Ja- bluff IV, a little pitcher-shaped brass ves- sel. - )a-obi;" (pronoullced C. tea·kettle, tea-pol - jd-ma the man that prepares the tea in l'I. monl'l.Stery, tea-i:ook; ,ai dpon head-tea-eook. - ja-ril 1. W: grinding-slone; 2. La. skull, - )a-slm-can 'a cup of tea, or: l'I.S much as a. cup of tea' Seh. - ja-seg tea-dust Seh. )a-Md La. yellowish red. E.tlf jag robbing, robbery, jag f'9ydg-pa to rob, to be a robber; rlcu-)ag-gyu-zdl Glr.; )dg-pa frq. robber (not rob- bery Seh,); jag-dpdn captain of II. gang of robbers Mil. t')i 1. num. fig.: 37. - 2. the correlative form of the pron. C/, whal For the con- struction of a. sentence containing i:i orii, v. ga;" II. Tbe explanation there given shows, that in correct language ji is always followed by a participle: jl ydd-pa de Pul Zig offer what you have, make a libntion of what you have. Owing, however, to the slight difference in the of Ci and )i, the former is frq. wriUeli in' the place of die latter; ji, of course, is used in conjunction with the sarno words as Ci; II. few more instances may follow here: ji-sl:ad whatever, relative to words spoken: :lieu jl-d:ad smras kya.i whateyer I may say Gir. 1i-8nytd 1. as much l'I.S, as great I\S j 2. C. very much, every thing possible. - ji-ita-ba 1. adj. of what kind, of what 14'lture, .. ,ji-lta-ba bZiu-du . .. la yan as it is with ... it is wilh ... Sty. 2. sbst. quality, nature, con- dition (:'1. - ji _lta • bu such as, like a.s, Lat. qualis. - ji-lta,. ady. as, in what manner; 'a-mcu ji-lta,. dr-pa bUn-du lW- cording to what the mother has said Gl,.. - ji-su = H-ste. - ji niu-kyis to the ut- most, to the best of one's ability Dzl. - ji WIQ ji-bZin-du (?) according to custom or common &h. - bzJd·pa a patience prepared for every event Sell. (?) - ji.uam _ ji-wyid; lo ilia lm- pa ji-uam-pa de-hHn-tw they are (as tall) as (children) five years old St9.; ji t8am byeu !cyan whatever they had done TaI'.; or nas ll.8 soon as, when. - )i-b'Hn as, like, how, ji-bUn 180 mi run (he) can in no wise, by no means, con- tinue to live Lt.; ji_bZm-du /"sUin eUi}lti- cally: he said how (it Wl'l.S), he answered according to the state of the cnse (&!If.) Tar. 89, 0. - ji-8rid as long as. c.·ju num. fig.: 67. ju-rig denotes a way of " lots by threads of different colours, whence a class of Bonpos is called pya- bon ju-rig-can Gir. c.·tf ju.po Lij" Mm- lV., a globular " stone used for grinding spices, = ja-ril. jus C. strategy, jus-ma II. sort of silk stuff Cs, 1. Seh.: of ...... good manners, of propnety of conduct, decent, agreeable; jus-bde sincere' (?) _ 2. (4. clever, skilled, able, experien- ced. -}iii - gi it' in tlgriculture, --mat! in military matters C, i.je nwn. fig.: 97. - 2. n particle, I used for expressing the comparative de- 173 gree of an adj. or adv., and esp. a gradual growing or increase, often with termin. or la: je man </ro (they) go on increasing or multiplying in number Mil. ; )> ysdl-du *ii it has become more and more clear or evident T/iyr. ; gen. repeated je nyeje nye sdii-ste going nearer and nearer Mil.; nit )< cuii-la son, also je $un je nyun Mil. less and less; sometimes also for the superlative degree, 6k : je ddn-po the very first, also Lex. - - 3. je-ziy a little while, = re-zig Lex. 4. Bhar. 14, Schf.: 'an adhortative particle, often connected with a vocative'; Sch. has: je Kyod 'now you, you first!' 5. = dbyans Lex. |^> 1. num. fig.: 127. 2. v. the fol- lowing word. jo-bo (^rr$0 1- 6- the elder brother, also *jo-jo* and **d-jo* (the latter also in W.\ resp.jo-%s. 2. lord, master, esp. nobleman, grandee, W. *jo*, yar-lun jo- bo Glr. the lord of the manor of Yarlung; *ti - nan jo* W. the nobleman of Tinan ; jo -jo min-po my noble brothers (says a princess) Glr. ; in C. used as honorary title for noblemen and priests, in W. also for noble Mussulmans; in ancient times for certain divine persons, and idols, par- ticularly for two, famous in history: jo-bo mi-skyod-rdo-rje , and tsan-ddn-yyi jo-bo, also jo-bo m-kya, jo-bo rin-po-ce v. Glr. jo-mo 1. mistress, the female head of a household, a woman that gov- erns as mistress of her servants Dzl. - 2. lady, esp. a cloistress, nun Mil.; in H". frq. - 3. goddess (cf. sub jo-bo 2), jo-mo syrol-ma the goddess Dolma Glr. 4. p. n. yo-mo-lha-^ri one of the highest moun- tain summits in West - Bhotan , usually called 'Chumulhari'; jo-mo-Ka-nay another summit in southern Tibet. mjdl-ba, imp. m)ol, 1. to meet c. dan, = ^prod-pa, without any respect to rank, Mil. often. More frq. 2. resp.: to obtain access to an honour- ed person ; zal - dnos - su mjdl - bar yod he (the incarnated Buddha) may perso- nally be seen and spoken to Glr.; to wait on, to pay one's retpects to u person, yob dan mjal J*dl-lo I will pay a visit to my father l)zl. ; pyin m //// - <lu mjnl-ilu //<//; 1 shall take the liberty of noon coming back Mil. : Kiifdl-bai uku dan ta-mal mjal to thee, Buddha, my own humble self approaches (says a prince to his father who appears to be an incarnated Buddha) Glr.; iiijal- bar zu- ba to ask for an audience Glr. : injnl-du mi btub (they) cannot get in, cannot obtain admittance l*th.\ *jnl- c6-ce* (or *cay -jdl* C'.) W. to salute, to exchange compliments on meeting; mjal- prdd-byed-pa = Oprad-pa', used also of a king and his ministers: wfralrprdddaA dyd- bai ftam mdn-po mdzad (they) exchanged many compliments and expressions of joy Ptli.', to visit or pay one's respects to holy places, as pilgrims do, to go on a pilgrimage, also zal mjdl-ba Mil.; fnas mjdl-ba id., ynas-mjdl-pa partic. , a pilgrim, palmer; O di mjol ziy do make your pilgrimage to this place. 3. to understand, comprehend. Zam. : ( yo-bai mjdl-ba ^jfr' ; don mjdl-ba to understand the sense Mil., yet cf. jdl-ba 3. - 4. often erron. for jdl-ba. Comp. wjdl-Ka audience, access, admit- tance, -injul-Ka ytoii-ba, or yndit-ba to give audience, ^yeys-pa to refuse it Mil. mjal- ddr = ka-btdys. -- mjul-sna-pa an usher, master of ceremonies Cs. - - mjal-pydy salutation. -- mjal-mdns a visit paid by many together, a grand reception ' v tijiii-pa 1. = ^Jin-pa. 2. rtsira- >n)i'ii meadow Wtar. 82, &<///'. mjiuj what is behind, hind part, e.g. of the body, resp. sku-mjity, posteriors, back-side, tail, often also mjitg-ma-, irijug skor-ba col. to turn one's back (on another) ; mjiiy-ma syril-ba to w r ag the tail; fig.: the further progress and final issue of an affair, the consequences = i)e*, opp. to diios- yzi the thing itself, and to sndn-^ro the preparations Thyy.; the lower end or ex- tremity, e.g. of a bench, a stick, a river (= mouth), of a procession, train etc. ; with regard to time: the end, ;ld-lm brgydd-pm ///)itg-la, at the end of the eighth month; • 173 gree of an adj. or ad\·., I\lld eSI" a gradual gro\\ iog or increasc, often with termiu. or (II: )t mwi o!I''O (they) go ou increasing or multiplyiog in lIumber Mil.; }t )..al-tlu w,i it Illls become morc and morc clear or c\·ident 7'h!!".; gl'n. "cpeRted;)t 71!1t)t tlyt 'tM...,tt going ncarer nnd nearer Mil.; }t run}t eu'i-la klff, also)t ;:r,hi)t uyiui Mil. less tlnd less; sometimes also for the degree, u.:)t dllil-po thc very first, ,uso !..tor. - 3. )Mig 1\ litLie while, = ri-hg Lu. - 4. BI,ar. 14, Scl1o: 'an udhortath'e particle, oftca connccted with a \'octltive'; &/1. has;)t J.'yod 'now you, you first!' - 5. _ dbywi. l.u. i"-)o L num. fig,: 127. - 2. \'. the fol- lowing word. i::f)d-bo em) 1. G: the elder brother, also 'o-)d'" and ·'Ii-)o· (the latter nlso in Iv'), resll,)O-U£I$' - 2, lord, master, <lSI'. nobleman, grandee, W: '0·, yar-llj,i)d- bo Gir. the lord of thc manor of Yarlung; ·ti - tujll )0· IV, the nouleman of Tinan; 10-)0 mi'i - po my Doble brothers (says A. princess) Gl,..; in C. used l\S honorary title for noblemen I\nd priests, in IV, also for noble Mussulmons; in nncient times for certain diviDe persons, a.nd idols, par- ticulllrIy for two, famous in history:)Q-bo mi-akyod-rrM-rJe, and t.on-ddn-gyi )6-bo, nlso )d-bo M-l'!Jo,)d-bo rill-po-trl! v. GIl". e.-:";f )d-'1JlO 1. mistress, the female head oC a household, a woml\ll that gO\'- ems as mistress oC her servnnts D:l. - 2. lady, csp. a cloislress, nlln ,Mil.; in lV, frq. - 3. goddess (el. Bub )0-00 2), )o-'/IW .gt'Ol-'1lW the goddC8S Dolllla Gir. - 4. p. n. )Q-m()-l/I(j-r{ one of the Ilighest moun- tain summits ill West- Bhotau, usually called 'Cllumulhari'; )o-mo-I!a-"ag another summit in Tibet. m)dl-ba, imp. 'Hjol, I. to meet c. dali, - .,prod-1Ja, without any respect to rank, Mil. often. More frq. 2. resp.: to obtain aecess to Iln honour- ed person; ::ol- dli&.!: - su '/IVal- bar !lad he (the iucunillted Buddhll.) may per&O- Dull)' be seeu and spoken to Gk..; to wait on, to pay one's relpecls to a pcraoc, yoo dmi "9,,1 ofadl-lo 1 will pll.y a to Illy fnther lJ::I.; '''!Jur - II" m)lil-<!" !JO'i I shall l.I1.kc the liberty of IlOO11 ooming kck Nil.; rgydl-bai .ku dail (a_mal III)al Vi HuddhlL, my OWII bumble stlf 1I1l1lfoacbu (Sll.)" a prince to Ilis f"ther wilo allpcarll to be lin iDcamated Buddha) Gl,..; "'Vlii- bar ht - ba to 18k for an lIudicnce Glr.; "Vlll - d,t mi lmlb (they) cannOl get. in, C;l.Qnot obtain admiulUlce /'tIl.; ·)ul. l/ig cd-t? (or ·lug-Jal- C,.) n: to salute, to exchl11lge cOJUI,limcnts 011 m«:ting; m)ni- i".ti.d-byld·pa "" oill'od.pa; used nlso of a king and bis ministers: n9al-);rlld dall dfJd- bai rtam mtiJi-po ",d:ad (they) exch.nged many compliments and expressioDs of jOJ' 1"111.; to visit or I,ny onc's reEp«ts to holy plnccs, as pilgrims do. to go on a pilgrimage, nlso zal m)ci!-ba Mil.; T"UU mJIiI. ba id., )"a1-nylil-l/a llllrtie., n pilgrim, palmer; odi 't!Jdl zig do m:l.ke )'our pilgrimage to this place. - 3. to understand, comprehend, Zam.; 'gQ-J>ai'l7l)Iil-ba "at'; ,n)IiI-bt. 10 the sense Mil., yet cf. Jdi-ba 3. - 4. often erron. Cor jril-ba. Compo 1IIJlll-lia audience, access, admit· tance, t'!.JUI-A'a rMn-ba, or )'/IU,;-!J.a to give audiCllce, ofJ1Js-pa to reCuse it Mil. - ''!1111- dar _ lia-btllgs. - 'II!lul""Ill.pa an usher, magter of cercmonies C•. - 1Iyo{.Wig salutation. - 1II)al- mlin. 1\ visit p:l.id hy many IoRetiler, n grand reception u. 'II!)i,i-pa 1. - .Jiil--pa. - 2. tlyiri meadow !J1Inr.82, &11,. rJ.li=.=f[ m)Ug what is hellind, hind pari, e.g. of -..:> the body, resp. •l'U-t'Vitg, posteriors, back·side, tail, often al50 tn)'"9-'''6; tnjtlg Ikdr-ba col. to turn one's back (on anothet-); ni)ug ,ua 'fJ"il- ba to wAg the tail; fig.: the Curthcr !lrogress ADd finlll iuue of an ,,!Jair, the consequences = f)n, 0pI'. to ditot- r::i the thing iL;oelf, lind to .Hdll •.gro t!le prcp"ratiODS TlwJ'J.; the lower end or ex· tremit)-, e.g. of Il benell, a stick, a ri\'er (_ mouth), of a procc..-.sion, trnin etc.; witl. regnrd to time: the end, ::lti-ba btyycill-pGi a&:' \he end of the eighlb mOlltl.; 174 5JE," m)e in general mjitg-la, mjug-tu adv. and postp., = mfar, at the end of, at last, behind, after, with the genit. inf., or the verbal root, gen. opp. to mgo. mjug-sgro (W. *jug-ro*} lower or inferior part, underpart, buttocks (of. yzuof); mjug-to id. -- mjug- btdg (for btea), and mjug-ldeb W, wagtail. mgo-mjug above and below Dzl. ' jdn-ba to devour, swallow, Sch. me, resp. ysdn-mje, f^rf, fr e pens ; Zam. avoids the term by making use of circumlocutions, others employ it, esp. Med. ; also in vulgar use; mje Idn-ba erection of the penis; m)e sbubs-su nub the penis recedes; mje-mgo glans penis. m)e-rliy the penis and testicles. - - mje - subs the membraneous covering or sheath of the penis. gqct-^r mjed-pa, Zam. ^ suffering, en- during, bearing patiently ; 6s. : ob- noxious; mi-mjed prop.: free; gen. the world, the universe, ace. to Buddhistic ideas; except in the last mentioned sense the word seems to be little used. *J d 9-P a , P f- J a 9 s > Cs.; Sch.: to establish, settle, fix, found ; hence prob. bde- jdgs and Uris-^dgs, Jags- Kris (Leone, and elsewh., but not frq.) time of prosperity, of peace, of rest, a time without disturbances, war, epidemics etc. (Kris by itself is not known). 3 a y~P ^' ^ex' ~ klu, or n. of a Lu, also Ojog-po. 2. vulgo = ydg-po. jdg-ma 1. Sch. : a sort of coarse and thick grass of inferior quality; so Pth. of a hut: Jdg-mas pub-pa covered with such grass. 2. Lex. cffaTjf a fragrant grass, Andropogon muricatus. 3. Glr.: a blade (of grass), stalk (of corn), Ojdg- ma ret sten-na on every blade, ku-sai Jdg- ma pon cig a bundle of blades of Kusha grass; Ojag - rgod Sch. horse-tail, pewter- grass, Equisetuin. 4. Sik. squirrel, perh. = bya-ma-byi Sch. (?). jags, v. sub jdg-pa. <J a 9 s -P a V- to give, to make a present Georgi Alph. Tib. J dn -P> Jdn-rno con- sort, husband, wife Cs. Oydn-sa, v. cdn-sa. o)db-pa, pf. prob. bzabs, fut. bzab, to sneak, slink, creep privily; to lie in wait, in ambush, tse-la jdb-pa to attempt a person's life Pth.; *pdg-ne jdb- te sad tdn-ce* W. to assassinate; Ikog ^ab byed-pa v. Ikog', ^jab-bus ma byin-par len- pa Thgy. to steal clandestinely. Cog. to Q cdb-pa. Ojdb-tse nippers, tweezers. )am-mgon = )am-dpdl. am-pa B., *jdm-po* W., *jam- dm* C. col. (opp. to rtsub-pa, rtsin-ge) soft, smooth, tender, mild, e.g. of cloth, hair, a meadow, a plain without stones or rocks, of fruit, the air, the cha- racter of a person, a person's way of speaking (nag C., *pe-ra* W., *pe-ra )dm- po dan* with mild expressions, fair words, in a friendly manner), of a law; of bever- ages: weak W.- of a (hay-)rake: close PF.; *jdm-po ndb-ce* W. to mow off close; jam- Jbud blowing or playing (the flute) softly, piano; Ojam-rtsi Med., seems to be a kind ofmedicine;*;am-sdw* W., C., plain, without ornaments. ' J am ~ d P al (*T5pFt) jam-mgon (fTO), Jam(-pai)-dbydns one of the two great Bodhisattvas of the northern Buddhists, the Apollo of the Tibetans, the god of wisdom, demiurge, and more particularly the tutelar god and civilizer of Nepal (v. Kopp. II, 21), in- carnated in Thonmi Sambhota, and after- wards in king Kri-sroh-sde-btsdn and others. Cf. spyan-ras-yzigs. 1'qE.ST Jam-ma,r)e-Jam, resp. for fug-pa, soup. "ST Jam-mo post-stage Sch. J a - fson rainbow frq., a-^od light, splendour m)e in general m)ug-la, m)lig-tu adv. Ilnd postp., _ mfar, Ilt the end of, Ilt last, behind, lifter, with the genit. inf., or the verbal root, gen. opp. 10 mgo. - m)ug.sgrQ (U': 'ilg-ro") lower or inferior part, underpart, buttock.. (If. )'zug); mjug-lo id. - 'II/jug- oldg (for bteg), nnd m)ug-ldio W wagw.il. - mgo-'lII)vg nbo"e and below D:d. 5:le:" m)e, resp. rui,i-m)e, fq, iqthe penis; Zam. avoids the term by making use of circumlocutions, others employ it, esp. Mtd.; also in vulgar use; mje ldil-ba erection of the peuis; mje wilbs-fU nuo the penis recedes; mjMlI[I(J glans penis. - m)e-dig the penis and testirles. - m)e Uibs the membnmeous covering or sbeath of tile penis. m)M-pa, Zam. 'V'{ suffering, 1 during, bearing patiently; Q.: ob- noxious; mi - mJM prop.: free; gen. the world, the universe, acc. to Buddhistic ideas; except in the last mentioned sense the word seems to be little used. a,E.tl']·.crJag-pll, pf.JIIg., C•. ; &1,.: to establish, settle, fix, found; hence prob. bde-Jdgil IUId 1.'ri3-Jdgt, jag.-Ilris (l.e.'U. and elsewh., but not frq.) time of prosperity, of peace, of rest, a time without disturbances, war, epidemics elc. (Ii";, by itself is not known). c;=:ffq Jog1'O l. La. = klu, or n. of a .... Lu, also JOg-po. - 2. valgo - yO.g-po. jJg-'IIIa L &11.: a sort of coarse and thick grass of inferior quality; so PM. of a but: Jdg-mas ft6.b-pa covered with euch grasll. - 2. La, a fragrant grass, Andropogon muricatll.s. - 3. Glr.: a blade (of grass), stalk (of corn), Jd£J- ma rei ,t/n-na on every blade, kU.jai Jdg- Will jon 1\ bu.ndle of blades of Kusha grass; Jag - rgM &h. horse-tail, pewter- grass, Equisetum, - 4. Sil.:. squilTel, peril. - bya-'lllU...byi Seh.(O. jUfJ8, ". sub Jog-pa. Jdgs-pa r.-: to give, to""'make n. present Georgi Tib, Cl=.t:;''f jdn-ba to devour, swallew, &h. Jdll-po, jotl - 111e con· sort, husband, wife C•. Jan-.a, v. tdn-ta. Jab-pa, pf. prob. bzabs, fut. ozalJ, to sneak, slink, creep pri\":ily; to lie in wai4 in ambush, fsi-la JdlJ-pa to attempt n person's life Ptll.; ·lMg-ne jdO- te sad tan-t? W. to assassinate; lkog jab b!lCd-pa v. U'Of}; jdlJ-bus 1/Ia by(n-par IJn· pa Thflll. to steal clandestinely, Cog. to Job-pa. jdO-tM nippers, twee:r.ers. Jmll.wlg6n - jam-Jpdl. , , /1 "d ••' 1" .' m oJam-pa ., 'j IIl-rv oJa - Jam· C. col. (opP. to rl8ub-pa, rt8i1i-gc) solt, smootll, tender, mild, e.g. of c1otll, hair, 11 meaaow, a plain without stonell or rocks, of fruit, the air, tbe cha- meter of II person, n. person's way of speaking (i/ag c., lY., ·pl-ra jam- po dmi" with mild expressions, fair words, in II friendly manner), of a law; of beve... ages: weak W.; ofa(hay-)rake: close W:; '")am-po ,idO-c? W: to mow off close; Jam- imd blowing or playing (the flute) softly, piano; Jam-rid Med., seems to be a kind ofmedicine; '")am..,d,j· W, C, plain, without ornaments. Jmn-dpdl Jlirn-mgdll (."T'I'), Jam(-pai)-db!ldn, (*tfr1f) one of the two great BodbisattvClS of the nortllern Buddbists, the Apollo of the Tibetans, the god of wisdom, demiurge, and more particularly the tutelar god and civilizer of Nepal (v. Kopp. II, 21), in- carntlted in TlwlIlIll Samhlww, and after- wards in kioglU-Wroli...ae.btlldn nnd others. Cf, •. Jdm-711«,rye-Jdm,resp. for (ugvpa, soup. Jam.t/lo post.stage Sdl-:- JII, JII-(3011 rainbow frq., .... ,. , '"Itt Ja- 4 od light, splendour 175 Ja-ba Jig-pa of the rainbow 7W/.; Ja-fson yal-ba the \ .-niching of the rainbow frq.; Ja-lus v. his. n gq-q- Ja-*a 1 also J - wo &:/*. lame, gen. Za-ba; Ja-bar byed-pa to make lame, to lame S.g. 2. to bespeak, to concert, to confederate Sch. J (( - sa > J a - m , edict, diploma, a permit Cs., who declares this word to be Chinese. Jar -ba Lex. w.e. , ace. to Ts. = Obyar-ba to stick together, to cohere. Jal-ba, pf. beat, fut. ^a/, imp. Jo/, W. *cal-ce*, 1. to weigh, Jal- byed sran (a pair of) scales for weighing Lex., srait-la rzal-ba Glr. 2 to measure, rin - fun - fsdd Jdl - ba C. to measure the length. 3. to appraise, to tax; to weigh in one's mind, to ponder; more fully ex- pressed by blos-Jal-ba to understand Sch., although native grammarians refer this signification with less probability to mjal- ba. -- 4. to pay, pay back, repay, bit- Ion a debt, skyin - pa a loan , Krai a tax ; to retaliate, return, repay, esp. with Ian: pan- Ian ynod-pas or legs-pai Ian nyes-pas to return evil for good. The following is a Buddhist principle of law, butprob. existing only in theory: dkon-mcog-gi rdzds-la Kri Jal, dge- diin-gyi rdzds-la brgydd-cu Jal, pdl-pai rdzds-la bdun-^yur no brgyad Jal divine or sacred objects are to be repaid or made good tenthousandfold, things or property of the clergy eightyfold , of ordinary men sevenfold, and besides the object itself, hence eightfold (,'.; in Glr. there is the following passage: brkus-pa la brgyad Jal nos dan dyu. --5. often erron. for mjdl-ba', thus prob. also in: Jal O bul-ba to bring a present Sch. (more correctly: a present of salutation). ) a^~ ka the act, or business of measuring ( '. ji-ba 1. 6s., also Iji-ba, a flea. 2. Lex. and Cs. : = ^jim-pa. --3. Cs. = ^jdm-pa soft, smooth. --4. Sch. : disgusting, nasty, e.g. of a fishy smell. n gcrrfc5* }ig-i'ten (receptacle of all that is ' perishable) 1. the external world: a. ace. to the common (popular) notion: the whole earth, the universe, Jig-rttn~ na dkdn-pa, what is rare, the only thing of its kind in the world /)*/.; Jig-rttn- gyi lha the god of the world, a deity of the Bonpos Mil. ; )ig-rten~la* O ddg-pa one that has escaped from this world, one emancipated, blessed Cs. b. the external world ace. to Brahmanic and Buddhist theories, as set forth: Kopp. I, 231; jig- rten-gyi Kams id. Glr. ; )ig-rt&n tag* -pa origin, beginning, ynds-pa duration, Jig- pa destruction, bzdg-pa arrangement of the world, cosmography (title of a volume of Sty.) Ojig-rten ymm the three worlds, earth, heaven, and hades; Jig-rttn (jsitm- yyi) mgon-po (TrUoknath Hind.) lord or patron of the three worlds, which is also the title of the third of the three highest Lamas, viz. of the Dharma Raja, residing in Bhotan, v. Cunningh. Ladakyil; Bud- dha Sakya-tub-pa seems to have the same title, Pth. c. fig. : bde-ba-can-gyi jig-rttn, or bde-^gro mfo-ris-kyi jitj-rten the world of the blessed, like our 'heaven', but of rare occurrence. 2. world, in a spiritual sense, ^ig-rten-gyi byd-ba worldly things or affairs; ^jig-rtcn-la dgos-pa (or pdn- pai) bsldb-bya useful maxims of life, moral rules Glr.; <jig-rt4>n-gyi cos brgyad, v. cos; jig-rten byetl-pa short expression for jig- rten-gyi las byd-pa Mil. 3. symb. num. : three. ^ig-rUn-pa 1. an inhabitant of the world, or the inhabitants of the world, the world as the totality of men, and more particularly of the worldly-minded; jiij- rten-pa ni ma-dfil-fxt >//n-pas as the world is unconverted, in which sense also Jig- ///// (by itself) seems to be used. 2. a layman. q&ira- J i( J-P a l- vb- ] - act- P f- 6 ^' fllt - ybig, imp. (bfiig, W. **ig-le y sig tdh-ce*, to destroy, buildings etc., frq.: to cut to pieces, to divide, e.g. a killed animal W.\ to ruin, to annihilate, existing institutions or things, also other people: to abolish, annul, a law W.: to dissolve, an enchant- ment: to lay aside an assumed appearance or manner (= to unmask one's self) MiL\ to break, violate, one's duty, a vow, Dd.\ m of tho flI.inbow I'M.; .,ja-(lKm yal-hlt tLc Y:\Uishing of the rainbow frq.; .,ja-l,,' v. 1,/,. qE.rJ,,'=:j' Ja.iHl 1. also -100 &Ia. lame, gen. !a-ba; Ja-w,' b!Jetl'J'a to fUl\ke lame, to Illme S.y. - t. to bespeak, to concert, to confederate &11. J/I-sa, Ja-ww, edict, diploma, a permit 0., who declares this word to be Chinese. Jar - ba Du. w.o., nee. to (i. - ob!Jar-ba to stick together, to cohere. .)al- ita, pc. beal, fut. y::al, imp. Jol. w: 1.10 weigh, Jul- h!Jtd Irwi (1\ pair of) scales for weighing Lu., 'rall-Ia }'z«l-ba Gir. - 2. to measure, /'iIi - filii - (Mid Jdl- ba G to meAsure the length. - 3. to appraise, to tax; to weigh in one's mind, to ponder; more fully ex- pressed by blc3-Jal.ha to understand &h., n.Ithough Duti"o grnmmariaDs refer this signification with less probability tIlm)al. ba. - 4. 10 pay, pay back, repay, bit-lon ft. debt, - pa a A'ml a tax; to retaliate, return, repay, esp. ""'ith ian: jJan- ldn ym.ld-pat or lIfp-pui Ian to return evil for good. The following is n. Buddhist principle of law, but prob. existiog only in theory: dkQtl-mrofj-gi 1M Jal, rd::ds-la bryyod.ffl Jal, lUi/-pai rdzas-la Ixl.in·dJlJUl· 'W fJrgyad Jal divine or sacred are to be repaid or made good tenthousandfold, thing!l or property of the clergy eightyfold, of ordinary men sevenfold, and besides the object itself, hence eightfold C.; in Gir. there is the following passnge: bd,ils-pa !a lnyyad Jul N(lil (lwi - 5. often erron. for lIyai- Oa; thus prob. also in: Jal .bUl-ba to bring II present &11. (more correctly: o.lln!5ent of salutation). - Jal- fa the act, 01' of mcnsuring G: Ji...lJa L Y., also I)i-ba, a flea. - 2. and 01.: - Jl'm.pa. - 3. u. = Jam-pfl sofl, smooth. - 4. &Jl.: lIisgusting, nasty, e.g. of a fisllY smell. Jiy-rtin (receptacle of all thllt is } perishable) 1. the external world: •• RCC. kI the common (popuL.\1) notion: tile whole ('arth, the uni,erse, J;,-rtht- na (LJ..dn-pa, "hat is mre, the onl,. thing of ita kind in the WOrld D::l.; .Jig-rUn- yyi Ilta the god of the world, a deity of tile 8onpos Mil.; .)ig-rlm-l<u .(/a...pa one thllt bas escaped from tllis world, one emancipated, blessed Q. - b. the eXlcrnal world ace. to BmlllDAOie and Buddhist theories, as set forth: KiJpp. I, 231; Jig- rthwJYi fam, id. Gir.; c/;!1'.pa origio, beginning, rmh-z>a duration, Jig- lJa Ilestruetion, b:dg - pa antUigement of the world, cosmography (title of:\ volilme of 8tg.) Jiy.rUn the three worlds, ClIrtIJ, hcnven, and hades; Jtg.-I'tm (TJt<m- 9YO myVn-po (TI'ilolcndth /lind.) lord or patron of the three worlds, which is the title of the third of the three highest J,amas, viI:. of the Dharmn Hll.ja, residing in Bhotan, v. Gmning!l. 1..Aldak 371; Bud- dha seems to hft.ye the SfIome title, PM. - Co fig.: bdi-l.xl.<an-gyi JifJ·rtl1t, or bde.d!>'() 7II(o-,;,-k!ji ojig·rtbl the worM of the blessed, like Ollr 'heM'eo', but of rare occurrence. - 2. world, in a spiritul\l sense, Jifr,tbl'g!Ji byd-ba "'orldly things or nffairs; Jig-rthl-ia dgdt - pa. (or lNin- par) beidb-bya uselul maxims of life, moml rules Gi,'.; Jig-dhl""fJ'fl ros brfIYGd, v. Cos; Jig-rtm iIIJbI-pa short expression for Jig- rtl·n.gyi !at byid-pa Mil. - 3. symlt. num.: three, - Jiy-rltn- pa I. ran inhabitant of the world, or the inhabitants of the world, the world as the totality of men, nnd more particularly of the worldly-minded; Jtg- rtin-po ni ma-dUl-ba "5 the world is uncollverted, in which $(lllS6 al:oo Ji!}- I·/in (by itsell)seems to be used. 2. alliymlln. J'f·IX: I. vb. 1: "ct. ?'tig, . r?:t9, Imp. W. It!! Uiil.b', to destroy, buildings etc., frq.: to cut to pieces, to divide, e.g. II killed animal w.; to ruin, to annihilale, existing inalitutioos or things, usn other people; to lbolish, annlll, a law IV:: to dissolve, an eochaot- meat; to lay aside an assumed "ppcltrance or manner (- to unmask one's self) MU.i to break, MoIate, one's duty, a vow, Dd.j 176 jigs-pa rma - O jig Med. was explained : healing wounds, jig-par byed-pa = jig-pa, frq. - 2. vb. n. pf. bzig, and more frq. zig, W. *zig-ce, zig cd-ce*, to be ruined, undone, e.g. by mischief-making people DzL; to fall to pieces, to decay, to rot, of the human body etc. ; to be lost, to perish, jig -par sin-tu sla (earthly goods) may be easily lost again Thgy.; to vanish, disappear, jig (or zig}-par Ogyur-ba id.; sem zig son W. he was quite dejected or cast down; zig )'sos byed-pa B., C., *zig-so (or -sob) co-ce or tdn-ce* W. to 'restore from destruction', to rebuild c. dat. frq., also c. genit. Pth.', prob. also c. accus. 3. to suck, draw out moisture Sch., v. jib-pa. II. sbst. decay, destruction, ruin, entire ovei throw, skye-ba dan jig-pa kun-la srid- na as it is the lot of all men to rise and to decay DzL; lus-kyi mfar jig-pai Itas symptoms of the final decay of the body Wdn.; * can-la Koi zig-pa yod* beer proves his ruin, beer is his destruction W.; jig- pe co-cen* C. } jig-pa-can Cs. frail, perish- able. III. adj., but only in conjunction with a negative: mi- jig -pa imperishable; mi- jig rtdg-pa as explanation ofa synonym Lex. <J { 9 8 -P a l - vb- (*ft) res P- fsdbs ~ pa, to be afraid of a thing, is gen. connected with the instr. (lit. 'by'), in later literature and col. with la, srin-pos jigs-sin from fear of the Rakshasa DzL; de-la na mi jigs I am not afraid of that Mil.; in W. frq. in conjunction with *rag*: *K6-la jig rag* I am afraid of him; also relative to the future, like dogs-pa: yi-ge mans -pas jigs - nas = man - gi dogs - nas, fearing lest there should be too much writing, i.e. from want of room Pth.; jigs -su- run -ba dreadful, frightful, frq.; *jig-te ddr-ri spe-ra zer-ce* W. to speak trembling and shaking with fear; *mdn- po jig son* W. I am very much afraid; jigs-par Ogyur-ba to be frightened, jigs- par byed-pa to put in fear, to frighten. II. sbst. (*ffa) fear, dread, srin-poi jigs-pas from fear of the Rakshasa DzL , 14 (unless srin-pos ought to be read, as above) ; jigs-pa brgyad the eight fears of life (so among the rest: rgydl-poi jigs- pa the standing in fear of the king, who in the East is always supposed to be an arbitrary despot); mi- jigs-pa 1. fearless- ness, intrepidity; mi- jigs-pa sbyin-pa to impart intrepidity; mi-jigs-pai lag-pa a fearless hand, heroic vigour. 2. pardon, quarter, safety Cs. -- jigs (-pa)- can Cs. [. fearful, timorous. 2. dreadful, frightful (I never found it used in this sense). III. adj. 1. (fearing) fearful, timorous, jigs-pai Ogro-ba-rnams timorous beings Pth. 2. (feared) dreadful, frightful, jigs- pai mfson-ca dreadful weapons; Kyod-pas lhag-par jigs-pa yod there is something even more formidable than you are DzL Comp. bdr-de-la jigs skyob-mai smon- lam a prayer efficacious in the Bardo- horrors Thgr. jigs-skrdg fear; also a terrible object, jigs-skrdg-tu son he has been changed into a fright, a monster Mil. ; *jig - tag torn -pa* C. (lit. bton - pa) to frighten, deter; intimidate, threaten; jigs- skrdg-pa to fear, to be afraid DzL jigs- mtfan col. timid, timorous. -- Jigs -can v. jigs -pa- can above. -- jigs -cum -pa v. cum-pa. jigs(-pd)-po one afraid Cs. (?) - jigs-byed one that is terrifying Sch., appellation of Yamantaka, who is invoked, e.g. in drawing lots. -- jigs-brdl, jigs- med fearless, intrepid, bold; also noun pers. - *jigs-ri* W. fear, terror, *jig-ri fsor- ce* to be afraid, *jig-ri kul-ce* to frighten, to menace, to intimidate. jigs-sa Mil., jigs-sa ce it is a very dangerous quarter or region, in that place there is much occasion for being afraid. J^ n ^' acc' to ^s- =m^n ) klon, e.g. rgyd - mfsoi; Sch. : mfso - jun the whole circumference of a lake; prob. more corr.: the middle, Lex.: lus-jdm jdg-po mfso-jin jug the smooth-bodied Lu alights in the middle of the lake. 2. srod-jin Lex.; or srod-byin twilight. jin-pa-, also mjin-pa, neck, resp. sku-jin; *)in-pa gyur-ce* W. to 176 TWill ·oJ19 Mea. was explained; healing wounds. ,Jig-par byed-pa - J1fn)(l, frq. - 2. vb. n. pC. b'Zig, and more {rq. zig, W: -Zig-Ce, Zig ca-ce-, to be ruined, undone, e.g. by lllischief-makillg people Dzl.; to fall to pieces, to decay, to rot, of the human body etc.; to be lost, to perish, Jig- par Un-tit ala (earthly goods) may l>e ensily lost again Thy!.!.; 10 vanish, disappear, Jig (or zI9)-par ofJ!fUr-ba id.; _ zig 'Qli W. he was quile dejected or cast down; Zig )'W3 byl!d-pa B., C., (or .3db) Cd-ee or Mn-U' IV. to 'n'Store from destruction', to rebuild c. dat. Ceq., also c. genit. Ptll,; prob. also c. nccus. - 3. to suck, draw out moisture &11., v. Jib-pa. II. 8bst. decay, destnJction, ruin, entire o\'C1throw, JryUa dati Jig-pa /tUn-la arid- na 1\.8 it is the lot of all men to rise snd to de<:ay Dzl.; mfar Jig-pai lfas spuptoms of the Dnal decay of the body Wdli.; "cd,j·la. Itol ::;g-pa yoif' beer proves his ruin., beer is his destruction W.; Jig- pr l.4-cen' C., Jig-pa-can Ci. fmil, perish- able. III. adj., but ollly in conjunction with a negative: mi-Jlg-pa imperishable; mi_ Jigrt«g-paas explanation ofasynonymLu. Jig8-pa I. vb. (lfi) resp. f8dhs- pa, to 00 afraid of II thing, is gen. connected with the instr. Oit. 'by'), in lawr literature and col. with la, $rin_]JQ8 Jlgs-Aifi from fear of the Rakshasllo D:l.; di-la ria fIIi Jigs r am not afmid of that .Mil.; in lY. frq. in conjunction ....;t1l 'rllft: 'Ula Jig raft I am afraid of him; also relative 10 the future, like ddgs-pa: mali8.pas J/gs-nas-mali-gi dQgs-nas, fenring lest there sbould be too much writing, i. e. from WlI.J}t of room Pilt.; Jig8.SU.ruli-ba dreadfuJ, frightfnl, frq.; •Jig-l/ ddl'-ri spe-I'a :ir- Ct! W: to speak trembling and shllking with fear; 'mali- po Jig soi."' lY. I am very much af'raitl; JigJ-pa1" o!I!fUr-b« to be frightened, Jig8- par byM.-pa to put in fear, to frighten. 11. sbst. fear, dN!ad, "m'n-poi Jigs-pas from fear of the RA1ishailn Del. :JlJS, 14 (unless srln-]JO' ought to be read, (\s above); jigs_pa b'/,!!yad the eigllt fears of life (so among the rest: ''fIyd/''poi JIgJ- fa the standing in fear of the king, who in the East is always supposed to be an arbitrary despot); mi-Jlg8-pa l. fearless- ness, intrepidity; mi.Jlgswpa to impart intrepidity; mi·Jigs.pai ldg-pa a fearless hand, heroic \·igour. 2. pardon, qU/llier, safety 01. - c.. 1. fearful, timorous. 2. dreadful, frightful (I never found it used in this sense). Ill. adj. 1. (fearing) tearful, timortlus, Jigs-pai oard·ba-rnll1/u timorous beings Pth. - 2. (feared) dN!adful, frighUul, JigI- pai m(s6n-la dreadful weapons; "'!lcd-pas lh<lfJ-pal' Jigs-pa yod there is something even more fonnidable than you are D:l. Compo oar-d.,..la Jigs skydlMnai smQn- lam a prayer efficacious in the Bardo- horrors TlIgr. - JifJs-skrdg fear; also a terrible object, jigs-skrrig-ru Sl)h he has been chtUlged into a fright, a monster Mil.; "Jig.tdg trJ-m-pa' C. (lit. btdn-pa) to frighten, dewr; intimidate, threatell; Jig,. skrri[!-pa to fcur, to be afraid Dzl. - Jigs- mJ,'an col. 1imid, timorous. - jigs-can v. Jigs-pa-can aoove. - Jigs-cum-pa v. lam-pa. - Jlgs(-pa).po one afraid c,.(?) - Jigs-b!:JCd one that is terrifying &h., appellation of Ynm"ftntaka, who is invoked, e.g. ill drawing lots. - Jigs-brdl, jigs- med fearless, intrepid, bold; aJso Donn pers. - "J(f!'"J'i" lV. fear, terror, 'Jig-ri (sW·· W' to be afraid, "')(g-ri /dd-CtJ" w frighten, to menace, to intimidate. - Jigs-$« Mil., ce it is a very dangerous quarter or region, in that place there is much occasion for being afraid. ji,; J. ace. to U. _ me;';, kloJi, e.g. 1'gyd - m(wi; 8th.: m(30 - JUli the whole circumference of a lake; prob. more corr.: the middle, Le.z.: lus-Jdm Jdg-p<J m{sd-Jili Jug the smooth-bodied I,u al,ights in the middle of the lake. - Z::-srod-jiu Lu.; or srod-byili. twilight. ..:r Jifi-pa, also 'mjiJi-pa, neck, rasp. Ie sA"tL.,Jiu; '(Ii.-pa 9!jill·.cc" IV. to 177 turn or move round (as vb. n.), *////-/"< ,/i/itr-f,' Iti'i-i-,' 1 \V. to look round, or back; *)i/i - fxi <-<i ; /-ce* W. to break one's neck; *)iii-i>,i :t'// -('<* W. to hug, to embrace; Jin-k})6g a wry neck 6a. ; Jin-kun the nape of the neck Glr.\ Jiit-ltdg the b;i< k part of the neck < *. J'Ks)-l>a ($ch- also Jigs-pa} pf. 6Ms O&fe), fut. 0^6), to suck, e.g. of a suckling baby; mcus with the lips L&r.; #ra# Jibs-pa to suck blood /,<./-.: to suck out, In, or up, to im- bibe, absorb, also to blister, jib- man W. M sicatory. Jib-rtsi 1. Cs. a kind of sirup. - 2. Wdn. a medicinal herb. oJ-J'J' o /""-/' K>, V., a compound of earth and water, mud, clay, loam etc. (W. *kd-lay*)- Jim-skon a small cup of clay, a crucible 6s.; Jim-yzugs a figure formed of clay Glr. rdo-rjei Jim-pa v. rdo-rje. of-arq* jU-ba, pf. bcil, fut. fzil, to expel, eject, remove, turn off, pyir Jil-ba LBJC. id., e.g. noxious animals, vices etc. ^''^ a ! vb- ! P f- J*> to seize, NS grasp, take hold of, c. dat., dpral- bai mdd - la Ju - ba grasping the arrow sticking in his forehead Glr.; fag-la ycig Ju-ba taking firmly hold of each other (in a storm at sea) Glr.; to seize a per- son (in taking him prisoner) Pth.; Idg-^pa- nas to grasp by the hand, to shake hands (in greeting; Dzl 2. pf. bzus, fut. bzu, W. *zu-ce (or)u-ce?)* to melt, to digest, zas Oju-ba to digest the food; ju sld-ba digestible, Ju dkd-ba difficult of digestion; *ra ju - ce* W. to digest intoxication , to sleep the fumes of wine away; Ju-byed a sort of bile, the bile as the promoter of digestion Med. Cf. zu-ba II. II. sbst. 1. digestion, Ju-ba slao the digestion is in order, is easy Med.\ Ju- stobs cun the digestive power is weak 2. a flea Sch. = Ji-ba. ' Jug, sometimes for myug. of access, to a tank or river, Ghat (///W.). J"//-/' a > I- P^ ^d imp. it///, W. *zwj-ce*, vb. n., 1. to go or walk in, to enter, />//;-//>/, or cui ndn-du t / pa to go into the house, or into the water; ryyd-m&or Jug-pa to put to sea, to set sail DzL; Idm-du Jug-pa to set out, to start, to prosecute a journey; *mdl-*u-la zug - be* W. to go to bed. In a special sense : a. of a demon, entering into a man to take possession of him, hence *ftt-huj-Kan* W. possessed (by a demon); Jug-go Med. the place where the demon entered the body. b. dge-ba-la Jug-pa to walk in the path of virtue; ace. to Sc/u: Jug-pa by itself, without dge-ba-la, implies the same, and in conformity with this a Lama gave the following explanation of the expression Jug-pai las in Ttyy.: works that are a consequence of having really entered upon the practice of virtue, positive good works, opp. to the negative good works of the ten virtues, cos - la Jug - pa to turn to religion, to be converted; cos or bstdn-pa zig-la Jug^pa to adopt a certain religion, a certain doctrine, c. bud-med-la Jug-pa to lie with, sleep with a woman Med,; *bdr-la zug-ce* W. euph. expression for: to commit adultery, d. *dun-du zug-ce* W. to appear, in reference to gods. e. / su Jug-pa v. rjh-su. - - 2. to set or fall to, to begin, tig -pa sbydn-bas rteom-pa /,/' /t-I<i Jug a skilled, an experienced man is prepared for anything, knows how to set about it, how to manage it Med.; gen. with the inf. : to begin to do, to commence doing a thing, rt6g-pa-la, resp. dg6n*-pa- la Jug -pa to begin to think upon Dzl., Gli:; ston-pa-la Jug-pa to begin to show DzL; ycig-la ycig rndm-par brldg-pa-la zugs-pas being in the best way of entirely exterminating one another Stg. 3. pass, of Jug-pa II, 3, of letters: to be combined, to be preceded, to be followed, zla yig **6n~ du ba cw</.s-c-an (words) having zl preceded by 6, i.e. beginning with b:l Zatn. 4. turn or move round (ftS \'b. n.), "j(Ii-pll !I!I,ir_t' ltfi..lo,· lV. to look round, or bl\Ckj "ji,i_pa big-c,· Jv. to break one's lI«:k; "jili -JIll :"m_;;,· lV. to hug, to l'mbrnce; Ji,l - A'!IOy n wry neck w.; Ji';' -A,ili tile nape of the neek Gil'.; Ji,j-ltdy the bft.Ck purt of Deck C•. Jib(.i)-I'" (Sc"'. also oiifls-P«) pf, b!:ib3 fut. bzib fj'zib), tD SUCk, e.g. of a suckling bAb)'; Inn" with lhe lips {-t.t.; /{1'Uf} 10 suck blood l.a.; to suck in, or up, to im- bibe, absorb, ;\lso to blister, Jib - lIlan lV. vesiCl\tory. Jib - "13i J. C,. n kind of sirup. - 2. Wa,t. 1\ medicinal herb. ollm - pa fl., G, tl. comllOund of en.rth lind water, mUd, clay, loam etc. (Jv. ·jai-la!l); Jlm-doli n. smnll cup of clay, n crucible C,.; .JI'm-yztlfP tl. figure forml'd of c1ny Glr.; rdd_r)ei Jim-po. v. rrl6-1je. J,il-bu, pf. fut. pit, to expel, eject, remove, turn off, P!I;" Jil-ba Lu. id., e.g. noxious anifll11ls, vicl's etc, a,E.'.q' Ju-ha J, vb. 1. pf. JuA, to seize, ...., grasp, take hold of, c. <lat., dp"dl- bai mdd - fa JIi - ba gmsping the arrow sticking in his forebead Glr.; rNy-ta rCt"g Jk-ba lAking firmly hold of ench other lin n storm al sea) 01".; to seir.e n per- son (in tnking him prisoner) PtJ,.; My-pa- nlU to gra.sp by the hand, to shake hands (in Dzl. - 2. pf. b!:us, fut. bZu, IV. "hj-c, (or to melt, 10 digest, :(/1 Ju..lJa to digest the foud; Ju sld·ba digestible, Jll (Ikd-ba difficult of digestion; o"a ju.. cl' Iv. to digest intoxication, to sleep the fumes of wine away; Jtl- b!Jbl :t. sort of bile, tile bile R6 the promoter of digOlition Mtd. Cf. zu-oo Il. II. sbst. I. digestion, Ju - ba uao the digestion is in order, is easy Mrd.; Ju- stObs cUli the digesti\'e power is weak Mtd. - 2. a flea &h. - Ji-ba. Jug. sometimes for 'I1fllg. 171 JlIg -lidgi ( •• tnlranct, .",ar I",; of to '" lallk or river, GhliL (/I.'IU/.). JVY-l'", I. I,f. and imp, IV. "My-lot·, vb. n., L to go or waIII in, to enler, J.I,M-plli, or ali nd"-du Jw;- pa 10 go into the house, or into tllO "'ater; rgya-mho,. JUg-pa to I'"t to sell, to ut sail D:i.; Mm-Ilu .,jllg-]!a to set out, t.o start, to prosecute II. journey; ·"idl_.a_la - ceO IV. to go to Oed. In 1\ specilll sense: n. of a demon, entering into a mM 10 tllke IJossession of him, hence ·tjt-":ufj-lall· IV. po.>sessed (by l\ demon); Jilg'"'flO .11«1. the place where the demon entewl tho body. b, dyNm-ia JU!H'" to WAlk in tho path of virtue; Ace. to &/If. J'ifJ-pa hy itself, without dgl-ba-In, implie. the "me, nnd in conformity with tbis '" LAmn pvc tile following expllUlll.tion of the jlig-pui IlU in T1lg!l.: works that lI.re • consequence of having really entered upon the l"nctice of virtue, positive good works, opp. to the negath'e good works of the ten \'irtues. co. - la Jvg - pa to tum to reliKion, to be converted; 00e or bttdn-pa 'H!J-fa Jkg-pa to ndopt n certAin religion, A certain doctrine. c. bwl-mM-ia Jity-pa to lie with, sleep with a woman .u«L; ·bd,'-Ia My-c,· IV. euph. expression for: to commit adultcry. 11, "d{m-(m :Uy-ce· lV. to appear, in reference to gods. e. ':Jh- Jug-pa y, JjiNtf. - 2. to set or fall to, to begin, riy -]XI Ib!!,;'; - btu rlfQlIl - ]XI ktill-ia JllfJ a skilled, .n experienced mIlO is preP'lred for lUlythillR, knows how to set about it, how to m,lnAJi:e it .utd.; geo, with the inf.: to begin to do, to commence doing II thing, I'tdy-fHl-la, resp. (lgd"}){1- la ,JUg - pa to begin to lhink upon D:L, Gi".; JUfJ-pa to begiu to ,110'1'0' Dzi.; rNy.ill yNg I'milll-por brldg-pa.lll Z1f:J3-ptu being in the 006t WilY of entirely exterminating one another SI!I' - 3. p&S1i. of .,jU!J'])(1 11,3, 'of letters: to be combined, to be preceded, 10 be followed, :Ia!fig MON- /1« ba ::ug3-loa" (words) Illll'iug:l preceded h, with b:l 7_. - <I. I:? jur-ba to take place, to exist, ce-cun-Kydd %ugs- par mnon-pas as evidently a difference in size is existing (?) Dzl. VQ, 3. II. pf. bcug (perh. also jugs Lex.}, fut. yZug, imp. cug, W. *cug - ce*, vb. a., with ndn-du or termin. : 1. to put into, e.g. meat into a pan, a key into the key-hole, a culprit into prison ; to infuse, inject, y'zug- par bya this must be infused Med.\ also fig. *nyin-rus cug-ce* W. to inspire with courage. In a special sense: a. de-la bio jug-pa to set one's mind on, to apply one's self to Glr. b. mi zig "Sos-la jug-pa to convert a man, to induce him to adopt a certain religion ; jug-pa also without an ob- ject, to missionate successfully Feer Introd. du B. au Cachem. 68. 2. to make, render, appoint, constitute, with the accus. and ter- min., or col. with two accus.: mi zig rgyal- por jug-pa to make one king.Zte/.; mnon- du jug-pa to make public or manifest, to disclose, to show Samb.; *sin cug-ce* W. to clear, clarify; frq. with the supine or root of a verb: a. to cause, compel, prevail On, zar jug-pa to prevail on another to eat something Dzl. ; skrod-du yzug-go I shall induce (them) to expel (you) Dzl. ; bzugs jug rgyu ym he will induce (the god) to take his abode Glr. ; ^grons - su jug -pa to be the cause of somebody's death Mil.; yid-la jug-tu jug-pa to cause a thing to enter a person's mind, to put in mind, to remonstrate; Op'el-bar jug-pa (resp. mdzad-pa) = spel-ba to increase, as vb. a.; *)un cug-ce* W. to cause to exist, create, procure; *Kol jug-ce* W. *skol-ce* to cause to boil; dar-du cug cig cause it to spread Glr. b. to command, order, bid, dmag Q dzin-du bcug he ordered the soldiers to take (the man) prisoner (but he escaped) Dzl. 3&> 3; byed-du jug-pa to bid one do a thing, frq.; btsun-mo blon-pos ^ebs- su bcug he gave orders for the queen being protected by the minister, c. to let, suffer, permit, smon-lam O debs-su cug allow me to say a prayer; rtsig-tu mi jug I shall not give permission to build Glr. d. to give an opportunity Thgy. e. in a general sense: dal-du jug-pa to do things slowly, to be slow Mil. 3. to put grammatically: snon- du jug-pa to put or place before, snon- jug a prefixed letter, a prefix; rjes-jug final letter, yan- )ug the last but one; also to put, to use a word in a certain signi- fication, rgyu-mfsan-la jug is used with reference to cause Gram. 4. to banish, to exile (prob. erron. for sp^ug-pa), bydn- la to northern regions Glr. 5. sgo jug- pa v. sgo. 6. inst. of Jbyug-pa. QE^n'^r 3 w y~P a s^st" I- the going into, the NS ' entering; in a special sense 2. the beginning, the first stage of a disease Mng. - 3. (^recTPC) the incarnation of a deity. QEC^rCT o) u/ts ~P a avarice, Dzl., Lex.; juhs- NS pa-can avaricious; juns-jur a miser, niggard. r jud-mfun-ma, or jud-Jun- ma Lex. ('accessible to all') a prostitute; jud-mfun byed-pa to be a harlot. ncr'rr jud-pa, and more frq. Odzud-pa, Ns ' secondary forms of jug-pa. Cf. cud-pa, Ofsud-pa. jun-pa, pf. bcun, fut. yzun (cf. bzun, zun) W. *cun - ce*, Cs. : to subdue, make tame; to make confess; W.; to make soft, to soften, e.g. iron; to punish, by words or blows; to convert. jiim-pa, pf. bcum, fut. -fzum, imp. cum, to shudder, to shrink. (Ace. to grammatical analogy jum-pa ought to be vb. a., to cause to shudder, and O cum-pa vb. n.) ,m jums -pa Lex. , contraction of the muscles, shrinking, shuddering Sch. n sr' Ojur, supine of ju-ba', jur mi O dod NS indigestible Sch. ('?). jur-ba 1. (pf. bcur, q. v.) Cs.: complication ; Sch. also : to struggle against, to resist. Pth.: jur-bar Ogyur-ba to be entangled; jur-bu Sch., *jur-pa* C. tangled yarn ; srdd - bui jur (-pa) Lexx. w. e. , Sch. : 'the tightness of the yarn' ; jur-mfug wrinkled, as the skin is in old age Thgy. ; jur - mig a wire - drawing plate, jur-mig-nas Odren-pa to draw through this plate Thgy. - - 2. = O dzur-ba 118 to take place, to exist, le-CuIi.Ryoo ZU[J8' pal' mMn-pas as evidently a difference in size is existing (?) Dzi. YS, 3. 11 pr. bCug (perh. also Jugs LeJ:.), fut. i'Zug, imp. w: 'cug-ee-, ,·b. Il.., with ,uhi-du Of termin.: 1. 10 put into, e.g. meat into a. pan, It key iute the key-bole, a culprit into )lrison; to infuse, inject, 1My" par bya this must be infused Moo.; also fig. 'nyili-I'1l' cug-U" w: to inspire with courage. In a sllccial sense: n. dJ-Ia bib Jug- po, ro set one's mind on, to apply one's self to Glr. b. mi b.'g c<M-Ia Jlig-pa to convert II. mau, to induce him to ado)lt n. certain religion j Jug-pa also withoutllD ob- ject, to missionale successfully F«r Intl'OO, dft B. au Cacltem. 68. - 2. to make, render, appoint, constitute, with the accus. and ter. min., or col. with two accns.: 'mi zig ryyal- p&r Jug-pa to make one king'.Dd.; 1ll1ion- du Jttg-pa 10 make public or manifest, to disclose, to show Samb.; ·ai,i tug-Ct· lV. to clear, clarify; irq. with tbe supine or root of a verb: a. to cause, compel, on, zur Jug-pa to prevail on another to eat sometbing DzL; akrod-dtt yzug-go 1 shall indnce (them) to expel (you) Dd.; bzugt Jug rg!ltt yin he will induce (the god) to take his abode GIr.; <1!u)lit-.w Jug - pa to be the cause of somebody's deatb Mil.; yid-la Jug-til Jug-p« to cause a thing to enter a Ilerson's mind, to put in mind, to remonstrate; .,pel-bar Jug-pa (resp. mdzad-pa) - tpel-ba to increase, lIS vb. a.; 'wi W. to cause to exist, create, procure; ·1lIJ1 W: - ·sJ•.'ol-i:? to cause to boil; dar-du Cug Ng cause it to spread Gir. b. 10 command, order, bid, dmag "dzin-du bi:uy he ordered the soldiers to take (the man) prisoner (but he escaped) Dzl. 3; byed-du Jug-pa to bid one do a thing, frq.; bt8'Un-mo Uotl-p03 ,jJlbt- su beug he gave orders for the queen being protected by the minister. c. to let, suffer, permit, nll/.l11-lam ctkb8-.w eu.g allow me to say a prayer; rlsig-tu mi Jug 1shall not give permission to build Glr. d. 10 give an opportunity TI,g!!. c. in a dal-du JU[I-pa to do things slowly, to be slow Mil. - 3. to put grammatically: "/ion- du Jltg-pa to put or place before, s,;on- Jug a prefixed letter, a prefix; IJca-Jug finallelter, yan-c7u!J the last but onc; lllso to IlUt, to use a word in a certain signi_ fication, 1'!!!fI.I-'fIl(8an-la Jug is used with reference to cause Gram. - 4. to banilh, to exile (prob. erron. for tp,J1ig-pa), bydit- la to northern regions Glr. - 5. 3flo Jug- pa v. sgo. - 6. inst. of cb!J1ifrPa. AAttj"q· Juy-pa sbst. 1. the going into, lhe ...., entering; in a special sensc 2. the beginning, Ihe first stage of;1 disellse .V1i9. - 3. (fliTT'U the incarnation of a deity. Janis-pa avarice, Dzl., Lu.; J1ili3- ..... pa-Cll11 avaricious; JllI;s·Ju,· a miser, niggnrd. Jud-mfun-ma, or Jud•.,(un. ,,1..... ma La. ('accessible 10 aU') a prostitute; Jud-mfun byed - pa to be a harlot. JUd-pa, and more frq. crbuJ.pa, ...., scconilll.ry forms of J,ig-pa. Cf. CiJd-pa, c(trild·pa. J,in.pa, pf. {UI. r!:un (d. ""..... bhm, !:un) w: ·CUll- i:?, C'8.: to subdue, muke tame; io make confess; W.; 10 make soft, to .soften, e.g. iron; to punish, by words or blows; to convert. Jum-pa, I)f. bi:um, fut. rZulll, imp. ..., Cum, to shudder, to shrink. (Aec. to grammatical analogy ought w be vb. a., to cause 10 shudder, Rnd .,cum-pa vb. 0..) sa JUlIIS-l14 La., coniraction of the muscles, shrinking, shuddering &/,. Jut, supine of Ju.bu; JUl' mi cdod ...., indigestible &11. ('?). JUT - ita 1. (pf. bCul', q. v.) u.: ..., eompliClltion; &1,. also: to struggle against, 10 resist. Ptll.: Jur-bat o!Iyur-ita to be entangled; Jiu-bu &h., ·Jlir.pa· C. tangled yam; ardd-bui Jur(-pa) Leu. w. e., Sek: 'the tightness of the yarn': JU./,-'Ill(l;g wrinkled, as the skin-is in old age Thy!!.; Jur -1111g n wire - drawing plate, JUt - mig. nus - pa to draw thr<lugb this plnte TIIg!!. - 2. = cdZlir-ba 170 to evade, to shun, to go out of the way, unavoidable Mil. x. \. Ju-ba 1,1. J^s-pa, Jtbs-po, well-sounding Stg.; snyan - )dbs harmony, euphony. r JKO-P I- dexterity, clev- erness LC.I-. 2. skilled, clever; >"//. decent; JSms-po id. olfS!^' J ~ s y*9 a coquettish , alluring, ' seducing attitude or posture; Lex.: Jud-mfitn Jo-sgeg jog the harlot assumes such an attitude. J'ba, pf- bzos, ft. bzo, imp. Jos, to milk, rti-ma Jo-ba to milk a goat, ^o-majo-ba 'to milk the milk'; Kyod- kyis ^6-ma bzos dug, nas ni bZfe-pa med, it is you, not I, that have 'milked out the milk 1 Glr.\ )d(-ba)-po, J6-mKan, milker, milk-man, J6(^-bd)-mo milkmaid; O dod - Joi ba a cow that is able to fulfil every wish. 0|-crrq- jog-pa I. pf. bzag, ft. fzag, imp. zog, C. col. *zdg-pa*, 1. to put, to place, e.g. the foot on the ground ; also to place persons, to assign them a place Dzl., Glr.', fig. = ^od-pa (e.g. dge-ba-la, by ait -cub-la, byan-cub-kyi Idm-l(i) v. Ogdd- pa 3; to put in order, to arrange, Jig- rten-bzag-pa the arrangement (system) of the world; lus drdn-por bzdg ste sitting straight, bolt-upright Dzl, Mil.; bzdy-na mi sdod if one places her any where, she will not remain there Mil. ; sten - du y<tr bzag (the anchors) were placed above, were weighed Pth.; Ids-su Jog-pa to set one a task, to employ one in a certain service Dzl., rgyal-srid-la jog-pa to ap- point one to the government i.e. to make one king; sems (resp. fugs) -la Jog-pa to take to heart Glr., Mil.-, liis-la grui O du- sfa bzdg -la if we fancy the human body to be a ship Thgy. ; ndm-mfca rdh-gi ndn- du zog transfer it to the nature of the ethereal space, i.e. figure it to yourself as ether Mil. ; pyir Jog-pa 1 . to leave behind, at home Dzl.; 2. to put by, to lay aside Dzl.', (another reading omite pyir). to lay or put down, a burden etc., *Mg-la log* put (it) down and come! C.; nor (?}* y Jy me(J- heaping up treasures and de- positing them was not, i.e. was never heard of; y6g-Jog-mKan a hoarder up, a miser 6'*.; to leave, to leave behind, lay - r)h a trace or mark of activity, monumentum Glr.; to leave, quit abandon, rdii-gi yul one's own country Glr.: po/'m-jxir ma bzdg- par so that it is not abandoned, given up, to poverty Thgy.; *yug-ls bog* C. ( *pdri-te bor* W.) throw it away! to de- pose, yi-ger bins Jog -pa to depose in writing, literis mandare Glr. ; sd-bon, ydtin- brgyud Jog-pa to leave an offspring behind, to propagate the species ; to lay up, to keep, as holy relics; to lay aside, re-big zog-la setting aside, apart, for a while Dzl.; mnydm-par Oz6g-pa v. mnydm-pa; &gr<'>l- lam Jog shall we turn them out or leave them? Mil. nt. II. pf. (b)zo(/s, fut. yzog, imp. bog, W. *zog-ce* to cut, to hew. to square, a pen, timber etc. ; to carve, to chip, a thin piece of wood etc. fli^Tl H Jog-po n. of a Lu Mil., = Jag-po. " Jon = Icon, tadpole. 3 ofl ~ J*" col -> ^ch oblong, longish. oval, elliptical. cylindric. bottle-shaped etc. ; col. also applied to stature: tall; Joii - nt/dins - can Wthi. oblong shaped, in relation to leaves, cones of fir etc.; 16- ma Jon -stabs nydg-ya-cun split into narrow slips, wing-cleft (leaves of caraway) Wdii. ; dbyibs - J6n an oval form. 'x3' Jon-tee Cs. = Icog-toe. cjoms-pa, pf. bcom, also fut. yz&m, imp. com, W. *t-om- ce* 1. to conquer, subdue, oppress, suppress. an enemy; Od6il-cdg$-kyis kiin-nas Jom*- pa to be quite overpowered by lust : nod Joms - pai sman a medicine for a disease (to overcome it); rdb-tu f:o>n-pa O di the following oveq>owering (charm); to evade, to shun, to go out of tbc way, J"..-mh/ ulllwoidauic Mil. Jm, \'. JIl,.J.,a 1,1. J/bf..po, well-sounding Stfl.; snyml - ,,)& Ilnrmony, <.'uplJouy. Jlm(.)-pa 1. dexterity, clev- erness Lu. 2. skilled, cleverj &1,. decent; Jnlll-'jJO id. Jo - &!Jig a coquettish, alluring, seducing attitude or posturc; Lu.: JlIllo.fllfim JOfj the harlot assumes such .n attitude. Jd-ba, pf. bzOf, ft. bzo, imp. J03, to milk, ra -11lfl old - ba to milk a goat, 'to milk the milk'; kyi, .d-ma b!:o& dflg, ,jas 1Ii bzo.-pa mtd, it is yOll, not I, that have 'milked out the milk' Glr.; Jd(-ba)-po, Jd-'1IlA!an, milker, milk-num, J6(-ba)-mo milll:Dlflid; "ded - Joi ba a oow that is able to fulfil every wish. JOg-po 1. pf. bzag, ft. rzug, imp. Zog, C. 001. ·zdg - pa", 1. to put, to place, e.g. the foot on the grouud; also to pllll'e persons, to assign them II plnce D=l., Glr.; fig. = ofJdd-pa (e.g. byal.-cub-la, bywi-l!Ub-k!Ji him-la) v• .,gOd- pa 3; to put in order, to arrange, Jig- l'tJII-b?:ag_pa the arrangement (system) of the wodd; lUI drdli - PO" bzdg· ate sitting straight, bolt-upright D::l., Mil.; bMy- na mi adod if one llinces her any where, she will not remain there Mil.; IteJi - du yar bzug (tlle anchors) were placed abo\'e, were weighed PI:1I.; lUI-au J6tj-pa to set One .. task, to employ one in a certain service D:l" rtJYal-sricl-la Jdg-pa to ap- point onc to the govemment i.e. to make ODe king; irllll (resp. (ug,)-la J6[J-pa to tnke to henrt Gl... , Mil,; f,i,-ta !lI'1Ii "du- ih b?:uy-l" if we fancy 1Ile hUlDlln body to be II. ship Tllgy.; nUIII-mlla lid,;- clll, zoy transfer it to the nature of tile etherCfll spAce, i.e. figure it to yourself as ether Mil.;p!Jir Jdg-pa I. to len\'e behind, At home D::l.; 2, to put by, to Jay ...49 D::l.; (another reading omiu pyir). - 2, to lay or put down, II llllTden etc., "lOg./11 iOft put (it) down and oomel C.; 1lOI' (1')101./ )OfIlIltd heaping up Ireasuretl and d&- positing them WAS no\, i.e. wu Dever of; fl&9-JOfj-1lll.!an a boarder up, Ca.; to leave, 10 leave behind, llliJ·rjh 1\ trace or mark of activity, monumenlUllI Glr.; to leave, abandon, yul one's own country Glr.; ma blaf}- pal' so that it is Dot aillmdoned> given up, to poverty TllfI!J.; "yuy-it Wy" C, (_ "jJu>i - tt bor" U':) throw it nw.y! to de- pose, yi - !ltr bl'is JOg -1'" to depose in writing, litem mandart Glr.; IU-hoH, rdU/i- br!l!jUd Jdg-1Ja to lea\'C nu offspring behind, to propnJ.';ltte the species; to lay up, to keep, as holy relics; to lay aside, ri.zig z&g-la setling nside, apart, for A while D::l.; JIInydm-par "My-pa v, ,'lIlyum-pa; IItJnH- lam JOfJ shall we tum thcm out or leave them? Mil. nt. II, pc. (b):OljI, rut. r=Ofl, imp. Zog, lV, ·zOfj-u," to 10 hew, to square, • pCIl, timber etc.; to carve, to chip, a thiD {,ieee of wood ete. olOfl-]JQ n. of n Lu Mil., = J"frPO. a,Et: Joil-lto,;, tadpole. r.$."t:a=t' col., &11. ,Jd,;-po, "\- oblong, longish, oval, elliptical. cylindric, bottle-shaped etc.; col. also applied to stature: tall; Jo,; - llya11ll - 0011 WIl". oblong shaped, in relntiOIl to lCftve>l, CODe;; of fir elc.; ld·,1kl JOI4·,tclN ll!Jag-ga-clm split into nn.HO..... 1'I1ips, ..... ing-deft (leares of Cll.raway) WJ,i.; dbyibs - JIM III 0,".1 form. -- ...,. ,Jdli-tIe u. = lCOg-tH. JOIIII - pa, .pc. brom, 1:011I, fut. }':O/ll, Imp. rom, n. ·Mm- Cl· 1. to conquer, subdue, opprus, suppress, an enem)'; "dckl-lfiys-lyil .hi'l-lial JOIIII- 1)IJ to be quite O\'erPO""croo by naIL Jq,,11 - pili' 111I1"1 I\. medicine for dise&S1:! (to oreroome it); "fW-tIl r:o-pa "dl' \ue foltowinft ove'llOweriDg (ch:\rIl1); 180 *J' rjed-pa bc6m-mo an exclamation like: I am clone for! periil - - 2. to destroy, towns etc. Glr.; bcom-la yzdg - go id. Glr. -- 3. to plunder, spoil, rob, )6ms -pai grabs byds- pa-la as they were about to rob him Mil. - 4. to finish, accomplish W., cf. cdm-pa. o.7 or ! also f zor > hoe, grubbing- hoe, mattock, pick-axe (W. *t6g-tse*)} s rko-ba to turn up with the hoe; )6r-po a large mattock, pick-axe, spade, )6r-bu a small one, a hoe; QJor-yu the handle of a hoe, )or-lcdgs the iron of a mattock 6s. 2. supine of jo-ba. Jol-ba I. vb. 1. to hang down, of a cow's udder, of the long hair on a yak's belly, of tails etc.; )ol- )6l hanging-belly, paunch. 2. gen. Jbyol-ba to turn aside, to make way. II. sbst., also (6s.) Jol-jol and ?zol- ba, train, trail; retinue 6s.; Oj6l-gos 6s., Oj6l-ber Wdk., Pth., a robe or garment with a train; Jjol-can having a train; ^ol-med without a train 6s. ojol-le hanging, cf. pyan-ne, grod- pa )ol-le hanging-belly, paunch, cf. pyal Lex. 0&py$f jdl-mo, ace. to the descriptions given by natives, a bird of the size of a blackbird, of lively motions and an agreeable whistling, in the neighbour- hood of Lhasa, building in willow- trees and thorn-bushes; 6s. has: a turkey-hen. rfdn-ma, or rdzan-ma, store -room Thgy. *|" rjid-pa lean 6s., gen. rid-pa. *zib-las*(?) W., service done in socage, compulsory service, in the fields, on roads etc. StS'^T r)ud-pa, rdzud-pa, = rgiid-pa Lex. ^5T rjun, nad-rjun Mil. a disease. gyn^s r )e(-bo), also r)e-u, lord, master, 1. : ^ ruler, king, yul-gyi rje mdzdd-nas ruling over a country, acting the part of a sovereign G-lr.; bod-Kdms-kyi rje-bor gyur he became sovereign of Tibet Wdk. ; sd-yi bddg-po tni-yi rje Mil. lord of the ground, ruler of the people; rje-bo dan bran, r)e- K61 Stg., master and servant; rje-blon king and minister; rje ci lags sir, what does that mean? Glr.; also a title before names, esp. names of kings, jo-bo rje Dipangkora Glr. ; rje-bdud rje-btsdn the gentlemen devils and the gentlemen goblins (messieurs les diables et messieurs les farfadets); rje dkon-mcog-la ysol-ba Odebs-pa Mil is in fact an empty phrase in the mouth of a Bud- dhist philosopher, but may nevertheless be used in Christian language for addressing God as 'our Lord 1 . 2. a nobleman, a person of rank, rjeu(i) rigs, rje-rigs = rgyal- rigs the caste of nobility. rje-dpon (Lex. ^rnt) = rje-> master, lord, prince 6s.; rje- ma, also yces-ma 6s., col. *se-ma*., a lady of rank, rje- cuii a young lady, a miss; rye-srds a young gentleman; also a term of address 6s. -- rje-btsun reverend sir, a title of the higher priesthood, rje-btsun-ma fern. - - rje-sa (or ze-sa) byed-pa to show deference, to pay one's respects; ze-sai ytam, or ze-sai skad courteous words, esp. ceremonial and complimentary terms, e.g. dbu for mgo etc. W.: *yd-sa co-ce, yd-se pe-ra*. S'C^* T J e ~ ar ^e l wer P ar^ f ^ne ^ e Si the Shank ( W. *suy*) ; rkaii-lag rje- ndr the lower part of the arms and the legs Med. E*n* r ) e -ba, pf. brjes, fut. brje, imp. brjes, W. *ze'-ce*, to barter, to give or take in exchange; Odi-dag-gis brjeo it may be exchanged for these Dzl.; *zan daii srog ze'-ce* W. to risk one's life for the necessary food (as thieves do); brje-byai nor articles of barter; in a more general sense: to change, to shift, min the name, gos the clothes Dzl., ynas the place, fse the life, i.e. to die 6s. brje(j-ba)-po a barterer 6s. i Jed -pa, pf. and fut. brjed 1. to honour, reverence c. dat., mcdd-cin brjed-pa id. Dzl.] brjed-pai ^os venerable Lex. 2. to forget, frq. (cf. lus-pa) ; brjed- du jug -pa to make forget, to cause to forget. 180 U6m-tM an exclamation like: I am done for! pwii! - 2. to destroy, 10"'-05 eiC. GI,..; £M". -la ,zag - 90 id. Glr. - 3. to plunder, spoil, rob, j6Jm _pai grub. byti,_ ptJ-bJ. as they were about to rob him Mil. - 4. to finish, accomplish W., cr. tdrn-pa. jot- 1. C., also pr, hoe, gnJbbing. floe. pick.ue (w. -tOft-b?), .Jdr-!lYM rt6-ba to tum up with the hoe; J6r'-po a large Dlauock, pick.ue, spade, J6r-bu a small one, a hoe; .}!1r-yiI the handle of a hoe, .Jqr-1Mgs the iron of a mtl.ttoek Ct. - 2. supine of Jd-bu. Jol- ba I. vb. 1. to hang down, of a cow's udder, of the long IIl1.ir on D )'ak's belly, of tails etc.; Jol- Jdl hanging-belly, paunch. - 2. gen. to turn aside, to make way. ]1. sUst., also (u.) .Jol-Jdl nnd r!:&- 00, train, trail; retinue Ur:.; ,JOl-fIO' Go, Wdk., PM., a robe or gnrment with 0. train; Jdi..can buing a trlliD; Jd-m«l without a train u. hanging, cf. P9""--;'I-. 9,"6d· 1'4 .Jol-U hanging-bell}'. paunch, cf. ",jal Lu. ,j6l.•." 3CC. to the de;;aiptiollS given by natives, • binl of we s.ize of a blackbird, of lively motions aod an agreeable whistling. in the neighbour. hood of Lhasa, boilding in "f\illow_lrees IU1d thonr.bushe.s; OJ. has: a turkey.ben. rjd".-m4, or f'fkan-mG, dON!-fGom 'floy,_ r-·.q rjid.-pa lean c.., gen. rid-po. "zib-IJ(f) service done ill socage, compulsory ienice, in tile on ronds etc. r).id_po, f'fk'id_pa, - rgud·pa Le;(. ';lIm, nad-r)lin Mil. /l. disease. i'(::f) T)i(-I.Jo), also rje-u, lord, mutN, 1. ruler, king, y(d - gyi 'it md:.dl!-"al ruling over a COWltry, acting tbe part. of a sovereign GIr.; lJod..NmI-Ityi gylV he lIeeallle IOvere:ign of Tibet U'iJk.; td-yt' bdUg-po WIi-yi rjt Mil. Ion! tJf the ground, ruler of the peoille; daJ4 brnn, rye- [-oJ St9-, master lind Sf:mmt; rjt-hl6H lWd minister; rjt' ci Ingt sir, what dOC$ tltat me:rn? Glr.; aJso a tide before names, elp. OD-lUes of kings,}6-lJo r;}t DipangJ.:ora Glr.; rj6-&lIid ?t-btM1I thegentlemeo de\il" lWd the gentlemen goblin.s (messieurs Ies diables et messieutll les farfadet!!); Tft dl"Oll-lHroy-La }'3&-lHJ.<fi&..pa Mil. is in I.e! lUI emp!)' phrnse ill the mouth of a Bud- dbist philosopher, but may nevertheles>l be used inChristian for addressing God ns 'our Lord'. - 2. a nobleman, a I>crson of rank, r)tu(i) r)M-lY' _ r!!!/al- Tlg. the caste of nohilit},. - rjt-dpQlI (I..e.r. - r)t, mnster, lord, princc COl.; lje- ma, also I'm-ma u.. col. -Ne-ma-, a Iud}' of fRJIk, 1:}t - nin a young lad)', 1\ miss; r)t.,rd3 a young gentlem&Il; also" term of address O. - rit-btlun reverend lir, a title of tbe higher Vriesthood, r)H.tJtin.-ma fem. - (or byM-pa to sho"" deference. 10 pay one's respects; tt· Mli )'tam, or atod courteous words, esp. cerelD()uiai and coOlplimeotaf)· e.g. dhw for 'wtg(J etc:. W: -},IIi.ja bS-h, yd-Je pi-ra". i'"t;,.%;;' ?i! - Jidr tbe lower part of the leg, ::. the shank (W. -,ug"); rkaif-lflg Ii"" the lower part of the lU"nlS and the ltgs Mtd. Ijt-ba, pf. brjn, fut. brp, imp. /wjn, ::. W ·:::i-«", 10 larter, \() give or lake in exchange; .di.dag-gil brito it milo)' be exchanged for these D::L; ....,an dan U"OfJ Zi-U' W: to risk one's life for the necessary food (lIS thieves do); lnje-byai 1Wr articles of blU1er; in /l. more geneml sense: to change, to shift, filii. the nalDe, !J04 tho clothes D::l., )"tla.!l tile place, {SIJ the life, i.e. to die c.. - blji(-ba)-po a barterer U. tjed -pa, pf. and fut. brjed 1. to honour, reverence e. dllt., mlOd...VIi brJld-pa id. D::I.; brjId-pai Lu. - 2. to forget. frq. (cf.ltu-pa); brjM- dw .)'9· po. to ulake to c.use to '...... 1-1 Comp. r)t'</- /tax-ran l.r.r.r. forgetful, oblivious; ('*. gives inst. of it: r)t il-in', s-r, but also thus no clear etymo- logical explanation is obtained. r/nl-l'-u draught of oblivion, of Lethe Cs. - //,,/- t>sni/i'tt (etymology?) x</ii</-pa technical term for the common practice of Indian servants to hide un object belonging to their master in some obscure corner, and after waiting (*!/"g-pa) for some months, until it may be assumed that the thing is altogether forgotten (bij4d-pa), to appropriate it to themselves. -- rjed-fo list of notes, me- morandum-book, journal, diary, cash- book etc. Glr., C., W. -- ijed-rdo prob. monumental or memorial stone. - - rjed- Infdfi specifications or lists of goods, pieces of luggage etc. which the Tibetans number and mark with the letters of the alphabet. rjnl-byi'd 1. a demon that takes away the power of memory, also rjed-byed-kyi ydon. 2. epilepsy (^R?PTT) Med. rjed- zds ( 's. : 'the meat of forgetfulness'. v ^-^ gr<3T<3T^' rjen-ne-ba \. the following word. >jen-pa 1- not covered, bare, naked, B.j C. ( W. : *cer-nydl*') , rkan - rjen (-pa) barefooted, unshod; zahs - i-jt'-n - par ydd-ba or ysegs-pa, resp., to be barefooted, to go barefoot ; ydon rjen-du sdod-pa to sit with unveiled face, mgo-rjen-pa with uncovered head, ryyab-rjen with a naked back 6s.; ijen-par ddn-paC. to strip perfectly ; dmar-rjen stark naked Sch. ; rdl-<jri rjen-pa a naked sword; *zen-pa ton* W. give it (me) not wrapped up! sa-r)en the bare ground, not covered with a carpet Cs.; r)en-ne,-ba undisguised, obvious to the understanding, manifest Mil. - 2. raw, not roasted or cooked, sa-rjen raw meat, dmar-rjen red raw meat; mar- r)i'n not melted butter; nas-rjen raw barley, not prepared or roasted; also the meal of it: W. *nar-)en* barley -flour, cf. Sch.: bra- rjen buckwheat -meal. iycn-zusMed. (( s. also r)en-i*igs) victuals that may be eaten raw. --3. not ripe, unripe \Y. ye* I- trace, track, mark left, impresnon made (on the ground) , pyi-rjb Med. prob. id.; mi^-rjh a man's track, rta-ryb a horse's track Glr. ; xh'i-rtui //,.< th.- track of a waggon or cart, a rut; rkan~r)b, reap. :f//-/yi, the trace of one's foot, footprint, rkan-rjS* byun a footprint is made; r/ W'* jfy-pu to leave a footprint behind Mil.; byas-rjes proof of an accomplished deed, whether it be the work itself or some indubitable result of it; lag-ijeg, resp. pyag-rjes impression or mark left of one's hand, hence fig.: action, deed, charitable institution, pious legacy, whereby a person wishes to immortalize his name. 2. the hind part of a thing 6W/.(?) 3. inrelation to time: that which follows, the conse- quence, the course or progress of a thing, the last, = mjug. 4. adv. and postp. inst. of r)e-su, v. below. - > yfdd-pa \ . Sch. to destroy, blot out, efface a track or trace, in Med. to eradicate the trace of a disease, to cure it thoroughly, 2. Sch.: to separate, disjoin the hind part(?) 3. W. *zes cdd-be* to follow a trace or track, to find out or to come upon the track. - rjes dzin-pa to 'seize 1 the track, to over- take Glr., also to be able to follow the track, rd-ma Kyui rjes mi zin-pa a goat that caunot follow the flock Mil. //<*- la, rjes-su, rjes, adv. und postp., afterward-, hereafter, for the future, later; after, be- hind, dei rjes-la, de-rjes after that, after- wards, later Mil.; de-dag Odds~pai r)e-*u after these were gone (?//.; bzag-rji's po. = bzdg^pai 6g-tu Lt. ; nai -rjes-su after my death. r)es-su in conjunction with verbs corresponds to the &. ^m and is often not to be translated, or serves only to give additional force to some other word or ex- pression: ijt's-su ggro-ba, O brdn-ba to go after, to follow, to come after; also tig.: spyod-pa fana-cad ya-rdlx-kyi r)es-su 6rdw- ba to imitate the nobility, the free-born, in their whole demeanour Glr.; Mo dan spyod-pn iidn-pai iy&-*u ^ro-ba to imitate idleness nnd wickedness, or idle and wicked 181 Compo r)M-im-"lall Dtu. forgetful, oblivious; Ci. gives inst. of it: TjM-Iml-I'ml, but also thus no clear etymo- logiell.l expll\l1ation is obtl\ined. - rjld-cu drnull:llt of obli,;on, of f,ethe (.,. - Ijtd- OeIlYlIII (etymology?) Sf,rUg1'" technic:\1 tel'n! for the colllnion prnctice of lfidiun serv/l.Dts to hide un ohject belonging to their master in sOlne obscure corner, and after waiting ('[l(;f}-pa) for some months, until it mfty be :Issumed thnt the tbing is ftltogether forgottrn (bljM-pa), to :'Il'proprinte it to thelUscll'es. - tjM.(o list of notes, me- momndllm • book, journal, diftry, cash- book etc. Gll·., C., n: - 7jtd.rdd prob. monumcntnl or memorial stone. - rjtd. blJd,i specifiCAtions or lists of goods, pieces of luggnge etc. whidl the Tibetnns number :md mtlrk with the letters of the alpllallet. - 7jcd-b!jftl t. ft demon thot tll.kes nwny the power of mcmory, olso r)ed-byM-lyi ,Jon. 2. el,ilepsy Mcd. - Ijed- zd, £8.: 'the mCl\t of forgetfulness'. , , r)ht-'IIe-ba v. the following wOI·d. rjm.pa 1. not co... ered, bare, naked, n., C. (II:: rkail _rjhl (-pa) barefooted, unshod; zab.· ,;)ffi pal' !tld·ba or }'u,'"1H1, I-eSp., to be lmrefooted, to go uarefoot;· ido,i rjhi -til' lfflOd-pa to sit with un...eiled face, mf/o-r)hl-pu. with uncovered hend, 7Y1yah-l:Jell with n nllked back 0.; ':Jbl - pal' od(m -pa C. to stnl' perfectly; dmar-Ijhlstal'k nuked &11. ;rril-!Jri 7ihl-pa II. naked sword; ·Zill-7H1 lo,i· W: give it (me) not wrnppe<l up! sa-I;)hl tile bare ground, not eo\'ered with 1\ carpet G.; r)tllollN.Ja uudisguised, obvious to the understal1diug, manifest Mil, - 2. raw, not roasted or cooked, sa.ljl1l rnw meat, I1lJi(ll'.r)ell red row mcat; lIwr - rjhl not melted butter; 7uu-1ib, raw uadc)', not prepared or TOnstedj also the meal of it: lV. ·1Iar-)b,· btlfley-flour, cf. $d•. : bra- r)<11 buckwllcnt· melli. - J]m - zu. Med. (e•. nlso Ije1I-ri!J$) ... ictuals thot lila)' be euten T:IW. - 3. not ripe, unripe 11'. prob. id.; m;"'ih a man'lI tnu:k, rtnrl"}I. II horse'll track Glr.; Ji,i_rtoi r)n tile tfllck of II wt\Sgoll or cart, Ii. rut; l'l'(Ii1-rih, resll. :u!.M.rjh, the tmce of one's foot, footprint, rkail.r)l, byuit a footprint is made; r!U/i- I;)e, JOy - pa to leAVe 1\ footprint lJehiud Mil.; b!fu.,-r)h proof of an aeeomplisbed deed, whether it Uc the work itself or some induuitaulc result of it; lag-rjh. tellp. P!lag-rj(s iml,ression or mark left of one's hnnd, hence fig.: action, deed, charitable institution, pious Icgllc)', whereu)' 1\ person wishes to immortali1.e his name. - 2. the hind part of II thing &"'(J) - 3. inrelatioll to time: tUlIt whiclJ follows, the conse· quence, the course or progreu of I\, thing, the last, - lIVU!!. - 4. Ml,·. lind pastp. inst. of ':f/s-'U, v. below. - r:}n rMd-pa I. Sch. to destroy, blot out, effllce a traek or tnlCC, in Mtd. to eradicate the tmce of a discftSC, to cure it thoroughl)" 2. &li.: to lIel,arnte, disjoin tbe bind pllrt(J) 3. W. .:t'I Md_«' to follow :\ trace or !nICk, to find Ollt or to come upon tbe track. - rjn dzin-pa to 'sei1.e· the lnIck, 1.0 o...e.... Ink!": Gil'., also to ue Able 1.0 follow tile tl'lICk, rd -1IIa I!yuj r:Jt" 1m' =ill-PO a gn«t tbllt CAunot follow the !lock Mil. - tji.- la, rp'.lIIl, ties, ad,'. Mild I,ost!,., nfterwaro;j., hereafter, for tbe fnture, lllter; "fter, lIe- hind, ati ryh.la, dM"jh lifter tbll.t, "he.... waros, Illter Mil.; di-t.la[l .dtll-poi 1M" lifter these WCI"t gone Glr.; b:ag-rjh po. - b:df}-poi Lt.; ,iai rji_w after w)' death. rye,-nl. in conjunction with verbs corrcsponds to the &1:. aDII is often not to be trallslllted, or ser,'U ani)' to gi"e additional force to some other word or ex· pres;;ion: d/rd-ba, iJrdit-oo to go Iofter, to fol1ow, to come "fter; .Ito fig.: .P!J6d-pa (ulllI-id,1 ya-rrib.-lyi rib..N .brOil- ba to imit:\le the nobility, the free-born, in tbeir ""hole demet'lIOur Glr.; lJ-lo dOH ,pydtl-pa Hd'...pai t:JiHlt d/1'6-lJo. to iltlitate idll.'llC>ls lind or idle and ....·icked 182 rjes people Ld.-Glr.; slob-dpon-gyi rjes-su btjod- de saying after the teacher Thgy. rjes- su Odzin-pa to receive Pth. : Kol-por rjes-su bzun-nas Ito-gos-kyis bskydn - du ysol pray take me (the orphan) into your service, and provide me with food and clothes ; to receive as a disciple or follower = ced-du Odzin-pa frq.; to draw after (after death) Mil. ; to assist, O di rjes-su zun zig do take care of, or provide for this man (as a future co - disciple) Mil. ; finally with re- spect to charms and spells: to commit to memory or keep in memory ni f. rjes- su jug-pa 1. vb. a. to add, affix, 2. vb. n. to follow, bday dan bddg-gi rjes-su ojug- pai slob-ma-mams I and the disciples that follow me Mil.', in a similar sense: mi-la rjes-su slob-pa to follow another as a dis- ciple Dzl. %&, 3 (?&"$, 7 seems to be a corrupt reading). Also in the following phrases rjes-su may be understood in the sense of: afterwards, subsequently: rjes-su drdn-.pa to remember, recollect, keep in mind, rjes-su drdn-par byed-pa to bring to one's remembrance, to remind Pth.; rjes- su ^yod-pa to repent 6s.; pleon. or without any obvious meaning in: rjes-su mfun-pa Thgy. to agree, to accord, rjes-su rnyed- pa Stg. to find, rjes-su dpdg-pa to weigh, to ponder 6s., rjes-su snyin-brtse-ba Thgy. to pity, rjes-su bstdn-pa Tar. to instruct, and thus in similar expressions, esp. in one of frq. occurrence in legends: rjes-su yi-rdn-ba, resp. rjes-su fugs -ran- ba (Sch. erron. fugs -pa!} to rejoice, to enjoy, for which sometimes also rjes-su pyogs-pa is used, e.g. dbye-ba-rnams-la rjes-su yi-rdn- ba to rejoice at people disagreeing, to enjoy dissensions and jarrings Sty. Comp. rjes - skyes (^Rf) born later ; younger brother. rjes-grub-kyi mm by- name, surname 6s. rjes-jug \ . following, coming after, pyi-rdbs rjes-^ug fams-cdd all the following generations Pth. 2. final consonant. -- rjes -fog prob. the same as rjes - la Wdh. rjes - fob Mil. is said to denote short interruptions of meditation by taking food, but no more than is ab- * Ijdn-Ku solutely necessary for the preservation of life. rjes-dpdg \ . consideration, deliber- ation. 2. Was. (297) a syllogism consisting of three propositions. - - rjes-ma = rjes 2 hinder part 6's. rjes-med without leaving any traces, trackless, Ojig-pa to destroy thoroughly Glr. " T rjes-pa v. rje-ba. rjod-pa pf. and fut. brjod, to say, pronounce, utter, e.g. a charm or magic formula; ne min sod -da rag* W. I hear my name mentioned; sans-rgyds- kyi mfsdn-nas to pronounce or invoke the name of Buddha Dzl. ; to propound, pro- mulgate, cos a religious doctrine; to enu- merate, set forth, legs -pa or nyes-pa the good or bad qualities, actions etc., yon-tan the excellence or superiority of a person Dzl. and elsewh.; to treat of a subject in writing: Ihdy-pa-rnams ni O dir brjod-bya we have now to treat of the rest Zam.\ an author even says zes brZod - de with regard to his own words (after a bombastic poetical exordium, like the 'dixi', of Roman orators) Glr ; rjod-du med-pa unspeakable, inexpressible, ineffable, rjod-du med-cin dpdg-tu med-pa id. Dzl.', brjod(-kyis) mi Idn-ba (or Un-ba) id.; also vb.: to be in- expressible or inexhaustible, frq.; re-rei min-nas rjod mi Ian one cannot mention or enumerate them all Mil.; don mdzdd-pa rjod mi lan-ho his utility is beyond de- scription Dzl.', rjod-kyis mi Idn-bai pyir mi bkod I do not write it down, because it is impossible to relate every thing Pth. (v. brjod). tf a 9 s i res P- f r Ity tongue, Ijdgs-kyis cab O dor-ba to spit, to spit out; Ijags-cdb spittle, saliva; Ijags-dbugs breath. fr'^r ljdn-mo p. n. of a district 1. in tl, 2. in Kams. lj<-tt u -> or Ijdn-guLt, W., green (gen. expressed by non-po, notwith- standing the ambiguity), Ijafi-skyd greenish white, Ijan-ndg greenish black, dark green. Ijdii-pa green corn, in the first stage of its growth (in the second stage it is 182 people Ld.-Gir.; aldb-dym"f/yi ryeNu lnjdd. de saying after the teacher '1'h99' - r)ls- 8U "d::i'lf« to receive Pth.: lCdl-JXlr tits-su b::uil-nas l/()-gQ8·1q;i8 bdydit -du rool pray take me (the orphan) into your service, and provide me with food and clothes; to receive us a disciple or follower = M].du odzin-pa frq.; to draw after (after dellth) Mil.; to assist, oal ':liNU zUli zig do take care of, or provide for this man (as a future co· disciple) Mil.; finally with re- spect 10 charms and spells: to commit to memory or keel) in memory oi ( - tji3- su JUg-pa 1. vb. a. to add, affix, 2. vb. n. to follow, Wag dati bddg-gi rjh -8U Jug- pai Bldha-mum8 I and the disciples that follow me Mil.; in a similar sense: ml'-!a rje3--su sMb-pa to follow another flS a dis- ciple Dzl. 3 7 seelllil to be 1\ corrupt reading). Also in the following phrases rJe8-8u may be understood in the sense of: nIterwllrds, subsequently: dran ... pa to remember, recollect, keep in mind, r)h-su dran'"PO" byM-pa to bring to one's remembrance, to remind PM.; ryb- su 09ydd-pa to repent Cs.; pleon. or without lIny obvious mcanioR' in: m(lin'pa ThUg. to agree, to IlCCOrd, r)h'"8u rng!d. 1'" Stg. to find, r)b.su opag-pa to weigh, to ponder OJ., ljes-SU snlJiil-bl'tM-ba T119Y. to pity, 1')h·su bstan.pa Tal'. to instruct, aod thus io similar upressions, eSI). in one of frq. occurrence in legends: r)h-su yi.1'ail.ba, resp. 1')es-m fugs.rdn-ba (&h. erron. (ugs-pal) to rejoice, to enjoy, for which sometimes also r)l,.,u pyQg&-pa iii used, e.g. dbyl-ba.rnOoms_la r)eoNu yi-rali- ba to rejoice at people disagreeing, to enjoy dissensions and jarrings Slf/. Compo r)es - s!eyes born Inter; younger brother. - l)fs-grub·l'!Ji mili by. name, surname C,. - l)es·JUg t. following, . coming after, hi.rabs 1')ts-Jug (anu-Md all the following generations Prl/-. 2. finat consonant - r)es-(dg prob. the same as r)es·La Wd,i. - ryn - (6!J Mil. is said to denote short interruptions of meditation by taking food, but no mora tlum is ab- J 0 U solutely necessary for the presen'ation of life. - r)IHlp6g I. consideration, deliber· ation. 2. Was. (297) a syllogism consisting of three propositions. - r)h.ma - 1')ls 2 hinder part (". - r)u-1llid without leaving any trnces, trackless, Jig. pa w deslroy thoroughly GIl'. , r)h·pa v. 1')1'00. ..q' r)6d.pa pi: and fut brjod, to say, pronounce, ulter, e.p;. a cwum or magic formula; ilr min tOd· da l'aIt W. I hear my name mentioned; sans _r!l!l6Jj. J..yi m(sd'll-nas to pronounce or invoke the name of Buddha Dzl.; to propound, pro· mulgate, CoB a religious doctrine; to enu· merate, set forth, figs - pa or pa the good 01' bad qualities, actions etc., yon-tan the exceUence or superiority of a person D::l. and elsewh.; to treat of a subject in writing: 1Ildrrpa-l'nams ni oJir br)dd·bY4 we have now to treat of the rest Zam.: an author eyen says Ze8 b,.zoo _de with regard to his own woros (after a bombastic poetical eltordium, like the 'di"i', of Homa.n oratOl"8) GIl' ; 1')dd-du mhl.pa unsl,eaknble, inexpressible, ineffable, 1)6d.du ru!d·Ci,i dpdg-tu fIIid-pa id. Dd.; br)od(-kyiB) mi fd;j·ba (or wn-ba) id.; also \'1.1.: to be in- upressible or iuelhaustible, frq.: 1't·rei mfti-nas r)od 1/Ii Ian one ClUlnot mention or cnumemtc them all Mil.; dml mdzdd_pa r)od mi 16/i·/;o his utility is bC)'ond de- scription Dzl.; r)M ·l'!Jis mi w/j·bOoi ftyir mi Mod I do not write it down, because it is impossible to relate every thing Ptk (\'. brjod). ft'f l)ags, resp. for Ut, tongue, l)dga·k!lis cab odor-ba to spit, to spit out; l)aga-CM spillle, saliva; l)ag8-dbUgs breath. SI!:"5f v"f,j·mo I)· u. of a district l. in 0, = 2. in Karns. l)dli-J..lu, or Ijdil-gu Lt., W, green ..... (gen. expressed by rionilQ, not with· standing the ambiguity), l)an.Mya greenish white, l)mi--tldg greenish black, dark green. - l)an·pa gl'een corn, in the first sl..'lge of its ,:trowth (in the second stage it is 1*3 called sog-ma, in the third snye-ma). lo-l)dn-ba having a green blade. Ijdh-bu greenness, verdure (grass, foliage, shrubs), Lex.', ^ro Ijah-dmdr greenish red; Ijaii- ser greenish yellow. Ijah-duh (spelling?), solid, not X3 hollow, W. f &'<** 0""-0'" f' lth - dirt, dust, sweepings; ' lud-pa Ijan-ljin man a great deal of foul mucous expectoration Lt. fq. l)ab W. flat, plain, even; *l)al> - Ijdb- l>a bor* lay or put it down flat; *l)ab co-te dug* sit down flat (on the ground)! f.q. Iji-ba, 1. a flea (ji-ba). 2. heavy, weighty. fr-q. Ijid-pa, heaviness, weight, yser dan Ijid-pa mnydm-pa dgos it must be weighed up with gold Glr. de dan l)id mnydm-pa of equal weight, equal in weight Med.; lyid-can, Ijid-lddn heavy; Ijid-ce-ba very heavy; Ijid-med light, not heavy; lus tarns - cad - kyi Ijid pab he sat down with the whole weight of his body Cs.; l)id-kyis non-pa pressing down by his(its) weight. Ijen-paCs. to enter, to penetrate, blo-la one's mind, = to be perceived, understood ; fson-ljen a die or colour pene- trating and remaining fixed in cloth etc. Of. zen-pa. Ijohs a large valley, principal or main valley; region, district, province /'. ; . : Ijons dan yul- Kor countries and provinces; Ijot'is cen-po a large country; Kd-ba-can- gyi Ijoris Odi, gdns-can(-gyi) Ijoiis Tibet, frq.; ndgs-ljons woody country; smdn-ljons a country of medicinal herbs Zam.: //'<- gel Ijoiis a very poor country, starving country Mil.; ljons-la in the valley, in the plain; l)6ns-mi-rnams country-people 6*. Ijons (-SM) rgyu - ba to rove about, Ijoiis syyur-ba the end of the estival fast of the monks (about the end of August), when they are permitted to rove about the whole district of their monastery. Ijon-pa a country of gods, paradise ; Ijon-sih a tree from paradise, or any large and beautiful tree; l)6n-pai nags a beautiful forest. nx^r* biyid, Tar. 11, 14, but more frq. yzi- ^ brjid, brightness, splendour, lustre, gen. of gods and saints, v. j'zt; also dpalrbrjid Lex. ; brjid-pa to shine, glisten, glitter Ct. t Injid-kyis brjid shining with brightness Lex. ttftf bije - bo a making up, a compen- sation by barter, brje - bo byed - }><t Glr., *br)e-bo gydb-ce* W., to give an equal measure in bartering, e.g. of salt for barley. q|r- brjod (cf. ydd-pa) sound; talking: speech, brjod bde-ba euphony; also well-sounding, agreeable speech; brjod mi bde-ba the contrary ; also : *dha )o mi de* C. it is not meet now to speak about it; brjod -pa speech, utterance; mnon- brjod synonymy, explanation of words; Cs. also: 'a poetical term'; mcod-brjod praise, eulogy, Sch.: invocation of a deity; ce-br)6d ScAr.(?), and ced-du brjod-pa, Tar. 140,2 ace. to Schf. : preface, introduction, in C. : to ap- prove, sanction, commend, Was. (270) in the title of a book: = 4^|| -rf w.e. Comp. br)6d-bya sbst., Zam. also brjod- pa, = TJTT^Bf an attribute, predicate /^.r. bijod-med 1. a speech not earnestly meant, empty words, mere talk. '2. Mil.: the un- speakable, the transcendental, identified by some with the Nirvana, by others not. - brjod-O dod Tar, 210,7: br)od- Jod-tsam ace. to Schf.: 'a mere supposition'; but in a passage in Mil. it seems to denote the (conceited) habit of constantly proposing one's own opinion, and so it might also be understood in Tar. QO,j-dU4 ealle.l in tbe third - Io-Qtilt-lH1 having II green - verduI'C (grllS&, foliage, IilJruM), JA-z.: ...... - Qail-d..ar greenish red; fjn;,- IIr greenish ydlo",. r::.'C,·::;C: fjlL'i - dVli (spelling?), solid, not e ..... hollow, IV. Qnlt-Qi,. filth, dirt, dud, swttpinlPi = e lM-pa Qolt-Qin "HIli a great denl of foul mU4:1)US upectoration Lt. Quh .v. flat, ,tam, eYefl; -ljah - Qrib- = lira ixIr· Jay or put it down flM; -Qah dtl!/ sit down flnt (on the grouod)! lji-ba, I. a flea Wi-ba). - 2. heavy, - weighty. l)/d-pa, heaviness, weight, )'I'r doli I l)id1lo "'"yum-pa d901 it JOust be weighed up with gold Gir.; (ft dOli l)id 1Iltlydm.pa of equAl weight, equnl in weight MM.; ljid-bln, Qid-lddn JlelU'y; ljid-u.lH, \'ery heavy; l)id - mid light, not henvy; I", (fum - bid -I:yc' l)id fxW he ,nt down with lhe whole ""eight of his body C•. ; Qid-lyU M.pa down by his(it.s) weiglit. QbI- pc Ca. to entet, to penetrate, bM-la ooe's miod, _ to be undentood; a die or colour pene-- traling and remaining lited in cloth ecc. Cf. zht-pa. Qoli. a large valley, principal Of main valleyi rtgion, distrid, province D:1.; Jjo.t. Jail yul-.ldr countries :lOd provinces; Q<l'" 'lbt-poll. large country; ld-bo-hllt_ 9Ji Q<l*• •di, gd,j.-tan(""!!Y') l)0Ii. Tibet, frq.; OO9'"90,j. woody country; Imdri-ljoli. a couot!)· of medicinal herbs Zam.; NlM- !Jii Qa-i. l\ ver)' poor country, couotry Mil.; Qdlis-la in the valley, in the plain; l)dli'-flli-I'7IMIII counlry-peoille Gi.- {)on. (.'11) "gyM - ba t.o ro\'C nbout, QIlIi. '9yur-!Ja the end of the estintl fast of the 18:1 monks (about the f.lld of Augu&t), ..ben they are permitted to nn'e about the whoLe dislrict of their QIOnalItery. ..:r Ij&t-pa. cou..oU'y of gods, PVadilei ... QmI-m a tree from fllllYodiJe, or auy large and bel.utifW tree; a beautiful fof'e6t. br)jd, Tar. II, 14, but P10te fl'fl. r:i- - I ;,;id, brightnm, IOMnd................ of gods :uld saints, Y. r:i; also I.u.; brjid-pa to shine, g1islen, «litter G., brjid. *", br)id shinio.g with brightneM L,.. btji - 00 " makinA: up, • 4:1)mpt'n_ ""=. station by barter, brji - bo byld - 1M Gfr., -hr)i-bo 9Yub-cl" !Y., to gi,e M equal mClIllure in bartcring, e.g. of for barley. 6':)011 (cf. IjM - pa) sound; ... speech, lnjod lxIi-ba cuphony; Ill:ro well-sounding, Agreeable speech; brjod mi fxli-ba the also: ·dha;j INi dt!' C. it is not meet now to speak .bout it; brjdd - pa speeeh, utterance; "'HOM - br;6d iiynonymy, explanation of VI·ord ; C.. also: 'a poetical term'; ",Cod-brjdd prai.5e, elliog}, &/r.: in\'ocation of a deity; and (M-d.. btjdd_pa, Tar. 140,2 lIlOC. to &/If: preface, introduction, in Co: to ap- prof!, NoIICti<m, commend, "'•. (270) in the title of a book: _ w.e. Compo sbst., 7_. btjOd- pa, ... an attribute, Lu. - Injocl-mid I. a speech not earnestly lDe-nt., words, illerI' lalk. 'I. Mil.: the un- speakable, Ihe tnUisceodeotal, by some witb the Nirn.oa, bJ otben nOl. _ brjoI.i-oddll Tar. 210, 7: ace. to &1Ij.: 'a mcre supp<JI>ition'; but in a passage in Mil. it seenl' t.o lIenole the (conceited) habit of coolitantlJ prop<Jfing one'lj own opinion, Rnd it might lie unden;t.ood in TUI'. It 184 nya nya, I. the letter ny, double-consonant, distinctly pronounced like n -\- y (Ssk. t?f), and used only as initial letter; there- fore differing in its nature and sound from the Ss/f. of, though representing it in Sans- krit words. II. symb. num. for eight. III. fish OH^), nya Odzin-pa, W. "nya zum-ce*, nya O cor-ba (or bsor-ba) Dzl., nya len-pa (bldn-ba) Pth. to catch fish; Q ddm- nya Ld., an eel 6s ; rgydl-poi ysol-nya the king's table fish l*th. IV. also nyd-cu (cf. cu-ba). 1. tendon, sinew; W.: *Kdn-pe nya (lid soil* my foot is asleep. 2. col. mark, left by a blow, a weal, *nya lam* the blow has left a weal W. V. 1. the fifteenth day of a lunar month, the day of the full moon. 2. = fses ni f. : zld-bai nya drug -la on the sixth day of the month Mil. VI. nya Sch. 1. lock (?) -- 2. muscle Med., nya-bzi the four principal muscles, viz. those of the arms and the calves of the leg, v. also the compounds. VII. *nya cdd-ce* W. to arrive sooner by a short cut; cl also *fad-nyd' f . Comp. nya-rhjdl the bladder of a fish Cs. nya-skyogs gills. nya-Vrd sea-eagle, white -tailed eagle Sch. nya-tfrdb-can carp Sch. nya-Krab-cen sturgeon Sch. - nya-tirom fish-market. nya-gdh I. full of fish Sch. 2. full moon Cs. nya-grci, nyai grd-ma small fish-bones. nya- gyur = nya-log 2 S.g., C. - - nya-rgyd fishing- net. nya-rgydb G'., earth heaped up (like the back of a fish) on the top of outer walls to prevent the entering of the wet. - nya-rgyds (zld-ba) full moon Pth. - nya-sgon fish-spawn, roe of fish. -- nya- Icibs fish-gills Cs.; mother of pearl Schr. - nya- cu tendon, sinew; perh. also a large nerve in the nape of the neck. nya-ddl fishing-net; *nya-dol-pa* fisherman W. - nyd-dos a load of fish Sch. nya-ldir 'a muscle" Sch. -- nyd-pa fisherman Cs. - nya-pyis (Cs.: fish-gills) mother of pearl S.g. and col nya-mtd Sch.: a sea-mon- ster (this word seems not to be generally known). -- nyd-mo a (female?) fish Mil. - *nya-tsel* bow -net, kiddle W. *nya- fsdg C. id. nya-fsil the fat of a fish. - nya-fser fish-bones Sch. nya-fsoh-pa fish- monger. -- nya- dzin Gs., *nya-kug* W., angle, fishing-hook. nya-zdn a fish-eater, one feeding on fish Gs. - - nya - rus fish- bone Gs. nya-log \. Cs.: 'a contraction or sinking of the sinews'. 2. Sik.: cholera (Urd. auial^) --3. Med., also nya-lhog, a name for a disease. nyd-sa I. flesh of fish 2. W.: meat cut into long narrow strips and dried in the sun, in C. *sa-bcug*. - nya-ysog the fin of a fish Gs. nya- sdg fish-scale. nya-sog prob. the back- bone with the bones attached to it, re- sembling a saw. ^CT" nyd-ga, nyag, a steel-yard. >"^" nyd-bo body, figure Sch. -._.. nyd-ma (Sch.: 'mistress of the house, housewife '?) hearer of a Lama, with- out being a regular disciple Mil. frq.; nyd- ma po-mo-rnams Mil. (cog. to nydn-pa?) .-. nyd-ra care, ryd-ra byed-pa Sch., *nyd- ra co-ce* W., to take care of, to pro- vide for a person, to keep a thing well; *nyar go* C. for nya - ra byed dgos; cf. ynyer-Ka. nya-ra-nyo-re weak, feeble, frail, e.g. of a worm Thgy. Ajn- nyag 1. v. nyd-ga. 2. v. nydg-ma. - 3. also nydg-ga., nyag-Krdm, notch, indenture, 16-ma prd-la nydg-ga-can having 18' nyu, I. the letter fly, double-consonuDt, distinctly pronounce() like n + !J (8M:. and used only as ioitinllctter; lhere- fore differing in its nature and sound froln the $s/.... 151', though representing it in Sans- krit words. II. symb. num. for <'ight. III. fish fl,yd od::in-pa, 1V. 'nyu wm-u·, 'lyU oC6I'-ba (Ol' b8ol'..ba) lkl., nyu lhl-pa (hldli-lJa) l'!J•. to ent('h fish; odam- nfja lA., nn eel (. ; 'y/yul'p<Ji f301..'/tyu the kipS's table fish I'tl,. IV, also nyd-bt (cr. l. tendon, sinew; w:; 'fdli-p§ nyu ,.lid 3OtC- my foot is asleep. - 2. col. mark, by a blow, s weal, -nyu [ails- the blow has left a weal lV. V. 1. the fifteenth day of l\ luoar month, the day of the full moon. - 2. = (sa pi f.: zld-bai nyu dl'ilg-la on the sulb dny of the month .Mil. VI. nyu Sell.. 1. lock (?) - 2. muscle ;Vcd., tlya-b::i the four principlll muscles, viz. tho8C of tbe arms and the cahes of the leg, v. 11150 the compounds. VII. "nya i:dd-i:e" lV. to arri,'e sooner b)' a short cut; d. also "(ad-1lya". Compo 1l!Ja-rlclJdl the bladder of a fish Cs. - 1lya-J:Y09s gills. - 1lya.J,fni sea-eagle, white-tailed cagle &h. - nyu-Ahih-can carp Seh. - 1lllu-ltrab-c&! sturgeon Seh. - fish-market. - 1lya-gail I. full of fish 8eh. 2. full moon a,. - 1lya-yro, nyai gl'(i-ma small - 1Iya-o!J!Jlir - n1Ja-lOfJ 2 S.y., C. - nya- ryyd fishing- net. - nya-'9yab C., CIlrth heaped up (like the back of a fish) on the top of outer walls to prevent the entering of the wet. - nya-rgyds (zld-ba) full moon Pth. - nya - sgon fish-spawn, roe of fish. - 11l1a- lCim fish-gills Cs.; mother of pearl Sellr. - 1l1Ja - eu tendon, sinew; perh. also a large nerve in t.be nape of the neck. - nya-dOl fishing-nel; "nya-ddl-pa" fisherman JV.- nyu-ddt n lond of fish &h. - nya-Mir 'a fouscle' &h. - lIyd-pa fisherman Cs. - nya - his (01.: fish-gills) mother of pearl S.y. lind col - nyu-mid Scll.: n sea-mon- ster (t11is word seelDs nol to be p;enerally koo\\·n). - lIyu-mo a (female¥) fish Mil. - ·nya - fUr' bow-net, kiddie W. "nya- (sag c. id. - nya-(sil the fat of a fish. - nya-(ul' fish-bones &h. - nya.(slJ,i-]Xl fish· monger. - nya-"d:;in 01., "nya-lcify" lV., angle, fishing-llOok. - nya·zlill a fish-cater, one feeding on fish (,a. - nya - fi"h- bone Cs. - 1lya-Mg I. 01.: 'I' controction or sinking of the sinews'. :!. S;1I.: cholera - 3. Med., also n:Ja,...lMg, R unrue for a disease. - nyd-Aa I. llesh of fisb 2. IV,: meat cnt into long narrow stri(IS and dried in the sun, in (;. *'a,...bCi!g". - nya-pdg the fin of a fish 01, - nyu- sdg fish-scale. - flYa-3Og prob. the back- bone with the bones attached to it, re- sembling u. saw. flr nyd-ga, nyug, a steel-pHd. ,?:::f nyd-bo body, figure $ch. nyd-ma (&/1.: 'mistress of the house, housewife'?) hearer of I' Lama, \\ ith- out being a regular disciple Nil. frq.; nyd. ma jJQ-mo-''1WIIUJ Mil. (cog. to flsdn-p(1) )1';::;: nyd-ra care, ryd-rabyed-pa &h., *1Iyd- 1'a Cd-CI' lV., to take care of, to pro- ,'ide for a person, to keep a thing well; ·'lyar gg" (;. for nyo.,·a bye<l dgos; cf. rnyb·-{'a. lIya-ra-nfIQ-ri weak, feeble, frail, e.g. of a worm Th£Jy.- nyU(} I. ". nyd-fJa. - 2. ". nyag_ma. - a. also '1lYU9-9u, nyug-/irdlll, nolch, indenture, M--ma lwd-Ifl nyUg-9a-i:un haviug 168 nuil ti lid leaves, like those of caraway Wdn. ; nydg-ga med-pa not cleft, not indented. 4. of wool, nydg-tu O tlr> n-jxt to draw out into threads, to spin Mil. aqn'OOT nyag-nyig Cs. } Sch. also nyag-nyog 1 filth, dirt nyag-nyiig Mil. = sna-fsogs (?), of rare occurrence. ^I^'^'J thread; chain, of gold Mil., of iron Mil.; cord for stringing turkoises Jl/t.; a cable <ScAr. nyag-mfil scale of a steel-yard, nyag-rdo weight of a steel-yard. i'dn & small beam, a pole Cs. ; an arrow ; nyag-pran-mdd ar- row Mil. nydg-ma, also nyag-re, single; w/o</ /<% 1. id., skra, or spw nyag(-ma) a single hair, frq.; skrd-yi nydy-ma id. (a man has 21 000 of them Med.) - 2. a minimum Mil. 3. Sch. also: bache- lor, old voluntary bachelor. sans-rgyas- nyag-ycig Thgy., Pth., only Buddha, or nothing less than Buddha. f* nydg-mo Lex. w.e.; woman Sch. ' nydg-sin beam of a steel-yard. a, nydn-ge Sp. cur- rant, Ribes. nydn-ti Pur. thy, your(?). n ydn-pa (nydn-to, nydn-tam), imp. Ti^ow 1. (also, though seldom, mnydn- pa) c. dat. or accus. to hear, to give ear to, to listen (cf. fos-pa) ; slob-dpon-gyi fdd- du cos nydn-pa to attend to the religious instruction of the teacher; hag or fsig nydn- pa Dzl., kd - Ify or resp. zdl - la, or bka- nydn-pa to obey, to yield; rias ji-ltar zr- pai fed -la nydn-na Glr., na zer nydn-na Mil. if you listen to my word; Tar. 14, 14; 17, 16 c.c. las. 2. to listen secretly, to be an eaves-dropper, *pag-nyen )h/-pa* ('., *pag-nydn c6-ce, tdn-ce* W., id.; nydn- mtfan col. ny an (-/?) -po, fern. nyan(-pa) -mo, B., a hearer, auditor; nyan-fos id.; but esp. of the personal disciples of Bud- dha, the Sravakae, AV vr . I. ii 1 '. /{urn. I., 296; nyan-tfa bbu~drug the sixteen ynaa-brtdn q. v. ; nyan -to* -ma a female hearer ; Ka-la nydn-po, nydn-mkan obedient, kd-la mi nydn-po disobedient. 3. to be able, later It., and col., gen. with a nega- tive: ^gro ma nydn-pa* not being able to walk (on account of illness) Mil.' also like ma btub-pa not being willing; without a negative: *nydn yin* W. yes, I shall be able; inst. of run-ba: *za-nydn ydd-na Kyon* W., bring it me, if it is still eatable. nyam, also nyam-tig, nyam-yds cricket, locust Sik. n y am ( s ^ res P- %*> (uff8-nydm(s) 1. soul, mind, nydms-kyi grogs com- panions of the soul, viz. the murmuring springs and rivulets in the solitude of al- pine regions Mil.; nydms-kyi Zan the soul's wine, i.e. religious knowledge Mil.; nyams dgd-ba 1. well being, comfort, cheerfulness, nyams mi-dgd-ba an unhappy state, dis- comfort, nyams - dgd glu - ru blons sing a song of joy! Mil. 2. gen. adj.: agreeable, delightful, charming, nyams - dga - bai sa- ynds a charming country Glr.. 2. thought, nyams skye or sar a thought rises. 3. strength, magnitude, height, state, manner, nyams-(kyi} fmd byed-pa l*th. (also with bead -pa or len-pa C.) to try, to put to the test, e.g. one's strength; tugs-ddm-gyi nyams sad-pa to try the degree of a per- son's devotion or spiritual progress Mil,; xti/ra-nydms, byed-nydms manner, -- and particularly a pleasing, agreeable manner, of speaking or dealing. Other phrases are: nydms-su len-pa to take to heart, to interest one's self in or for a thing Dzl., to commit to memory, to learn (v. below); nydms-su my6n-ba to suffer, undergo, experience Dzl.; nyams nd-ba v. the compounds; nyams bcdd-pa C. to try, to examine; nyams O bru-ba C. to irritate, provoke, vex; nyams mydn-ba = nydms-su mydn-fai: ti>/<in<* />~dtj-pa is said to be drdn-pa nyt-bar tidy-pa, r. nyt-ba\ nyams len-pa 1. = nydms-su Mn- pa, v. above, 2. col. to measure out, to 12* mu]lifilllcmves, like those of e:tr",wl\Y Wdlt.; nytig-fJa mId-pa not cleft, oot indented. - 4. of wool. n!jl/!I-/u i1rm-pa to draw OUI into thre"ds, to spin .Mil. ll!Jtlg-nyig ("J &h. also n!Jllg-n!J&J filth, dirt tlyag- n !JU9 Mil. - .na'(IQljI (?), of .(, I 11l.re occurrence. 1IyQ(j-(ay thl'!8d; chain, of gold Mil., of iron Nil.; cord for stringing turkoises Mil.; l\ cable &/11'. ...r nyag -tntil seale of a sleel.yard, nyog-rdd weight of u steel-ynrd. By(lg-pran l\ small beam, a pole (il.; an arrow: 71yQg-ilran..,mM llr_ row Nil. "!Jag-rna., nlso 1I!Jag-l"i, single; nJloy ycig l. id., d:ra, 0'"'1'" nyag(-ma) reig l\ single hnir, frq.; #:rd-yi nydg-nm id. (a Inlln has 21000 of them Med.) - 2. l minimum Mil. - 3. &11. also: bache- Jor, old voluntnry bnchelor. - llyafJ - rHg Thgy., PIll" only Buddha, or nothing less tbnn Buddha. fll·;:r- lI!Jug-mo Lu. w.e.; woman &h. :?9'.tF: nlJofJ·Uit beam of a steel-yard. '1Iydii.gt Sp. cur- rant, Rlbes. nydn-ti Pur. thy, your (?). nyun-pa (n!Jdn.ro, nydn-tam), imll. lIYon L (also, though seldom, fflnydn- 11<1) C. dflt. or ac<:us. to hear, to give ear to, to lislen (c!. (Q$-pa); 3lQb.dpoil-gyi (dd- du t"08 lIydn-pa to n.tl.eDd to tbe religious instruction of the Wilcher; nag or Mg nyan. pa D::l., ka· la, or resp. ?:dl-la, or bka· nydn'pa to obey, to yield; "lia.l: )i.ltar ::b'" pai I.'d-la nyan.na Gir., na ::er nydn-na Mil. if you listen to my word; Tar. H, 14; 17,16 c.c. ku. - 2. to IIslen secretly, to be an eaves.dropper, -lla9-nYfft jM.pli&- C., -pafJ-1lydn CQ..Ct, tdtj-l;e- IV., if!.; lIydn- mf"an col. lI!J(in(.pa) -po, fem. 'Iyan (_pil) -mo, fl., Ito hearer, auditor; lIYWI·(tJ. id.; but esp. of the personal f Bull- 0" 1M dba, the SraYakas. Hop}!. I.. 410; IlWNl. I., 296; lIyan - io. 6lw· rb-ily tile Ji:ltetn q. v.; nyan - (0.. ,"4 a female hearer; lla.La n!jlin-,/H). Ilil-la mi nya".po dilObedient. - 3. to be able, later Il., and col.. gcn. with a ntga- tive: o!Jf'd ma nydn-ptU not being able to walk (on account of iIln(':lls) Jlfil.; abo like rna btuh-pa not being willing; without a negative: -"!Jan yin- IV. yeAJ, I .hall be able; iust. of ron· ba: -z,,· ydtl·1tfj '''yo''- W, bring it me, if it is still eatable. 7l!Jam, nlso nYflm-ti:1l nyam'lIdt cricket, locus! SiI.:. nyam{.), rcsp. (Itf!', fugt-nytilll(') 1. soul, mind, nyd"u-kyi urofJ' com- pa.nions of the lIOul. vi%. the murmuring springs and rivulets in the solitude of al· pine regions Mil. j "yam&.!:yi t'an the soul's lI'ine, i.e. religious knowledge Mil.; n.!llllM dgd-ha t. well lJeing, comfort, cheerfuloeM, nyam. mi-dga-ha an uollappy state, dis_ comfort, - filM - ,." bio'" .ing • song of joy! Mil. 2. gen. adj.: delightful, charming, ngd"". dgo - bai Ia- rnd3 a charmiog country Gir.. - 2. nyam. dye or ';ar a thought riSe6. - 3. .trtnglh, magnitude, height, state, manner, lIya""-(h,p) f.dd byld·pa l'tA. (also with liNd.pa or lJn·pa C.) to try. to put to the test, e.g. one's strength; (1'!l.-dd","tJYi nyams .dd-pa to try the degree of flo J!t:"" sou's devotion or spiritual progretl5 Mil.; .mrCWIyam., b!ltll-"!ldms manner, - aDd particularly" plcl\8ing, agreeable mlUlocr, - of speaking or dealing. Other phrases nre: 71ya"...au 1hI-pa Lo tnke to heart, to interest one's self in or for l\ thing D::l., to commit to memory, to learn (v. below); nyal1lll-IU myd,;./x, LO suffer, underg..... experience D:f.; nya_ lid-ba ,.. the compounds; 'IYIlIII. lKcitl.JHI C_ to try. \0 examine; nytIlRI .,briI..ba G: to irnl"te, provoke, vex; nyctflJl mydli.ba _ nyom.·,u 1IIyOli-ba; "yams 6!:dg_pl ill SIIid to be _ dr«lI-pa nyi-/xw "ZflV-pa, v. 71yi-ha; "yawlS lhI·jJfl I. - nyu>nS",,1I lht· Pfllf v. 2. t-OI. to meASure out. LO ,,. 186 * nyam(s) ^T nydl-ba take the measure, the dimensions of, to survey, sa land, nor the property, to take an inventory, to ascertain or compute the state of one's property, 3. C. = the follow- ing; nyams sad-pa ccg. 1. to try, to test, byed-dam mi byed whether he will do it or not Mil., to tempt, fugs-ddm-gyi nyams sad-pa v. above. 2. to mock, scoff, trouble maliciously, provoke, irritate C. Comp. nyams - dgu v. nyams- fobs. - nyams-rgyud Mil. = nyams, nyams-rgyud- la sbydns -pa, intellectually skilled, well versed. - - nyams - nd anxiety, fear, dread, of a thing, with the dat. or instr. Mil. ; nyams-nd-las fdr-ba to be delivered from anxiety S.g. ; nyams-nd-ba vb. to be alarm- ed, to be in great anxiety Sch.', adj. dread- ful, horrible, nags-fsdl nyams-na-ba a hor- rible forest Dzl. nyams-bcdg is said to be used resp. or euphem. ior skyon, e.g. for damage done to an image of a god by water C. ; nyams-cdgs sin Schr.; in Thgr. it seems to be used in this sense. nydms- cun i. faint, weak, languid, exhausted, by hunger, illness etc. Dzl.; poor in learning, destitute of knowledge, ignorant W. ; des- titute of money, destitute of virtue C. '2. W col. for snyems-cun. nyams-rtogs resp. knowledge, cognition, perception, nyams-rtogs sig yod, nyams-rtogs bzdn-po skye or Jtruns, a perception, a good thought arises (in my mind); in a general sense: nyams-rtogs-kyi mfar pyin-pa to obtain perfect knowledge Mil., frq. -- nyams -stdbs strength, zin is gone Med. nyams-ston-ysdl v. ysdl-po. nyams-brtds byed-pa strengthening, resto- rative , nourishing Med., (but nyams - brtas he recovered, grew well, got up again Dzl.} - nyams- tag -pa suffering, tormented, ex- hausted Dzl. ; nyams-fdg-pai skad or sgra lamentation, doleful cries. nyams-fdbs, nyams-dgu Sch. : 'appearance, colour, figure, state' (?). nyams-myon Tar. enjoyment, delight, nyams-myon ma skyes run, although I had no real enjoyment of it Mil.nt.; fsor- bai nyams-myon prob. perception by the senses, knowledge acquired through the medium of the senses Mil. nyams-rtsdl Dzl. 9VL-, 7 skill. nyams -mfsdr-ba C. wonderful, most beautiful. -- nyams-Un a memorial verse, a rhyme or verse serving to retain things in memory Mil. nydms-pa injured, hurt, e.g., by a fall Dzl. ; of lifeless things : spoil- ed, damaged C.; impaired, imperfect, stobs- nyams, dbdn-po nydms-pa, ydn-lag nyams Lex. (as explanation of zd-bo) ; smra-nydms (the sick person) speaks little Med.', *sem- nydm son-Kan* W. discouraged, disheart- ened; esp. relative to a violation of duty, failing in, tsul-Krims (or fsul-las) nydms- pas because he has failed in, acted against the moral law Dzl.; bzod-pa nyams-par ^yur-bas because their patience failed Dzl.; also stained Glr., z.g.Krdg-gis with blood; nydms-par byed-pa Wdn. ; nydms-su jug- pa Glr. to spoil, deteriorate, destroy; ma nydms-pa entire, complete, untouched, un- corrupted. ax- nyar 1. v. nya-i'a. 2. Cs., also nyar- nydr, oblong. . nydr-ydon W. inst. of nar-ydoh, shin, shin-bone. nyal-nytt-, or nyal-nyol filth, dirt, foul matter, loose and dry dirt that may be removed by sweeping Pth., Dzl. nydl-ba, imp. nyol, 1. to lie down, e.g. before a tigress Dzl. ; to lie down, to sleep, nyal{-du} son (he) went to bed Glr.; rgya-srdn-la nyal Odug-go (he) slept in the street Glr. ; mi nyal tsdm - la when people go to bed, at curfew Mil.; rta nyal byed-pa to make a horse lie down Glr. ; rarely of things : rtsva nyal the grass is laid-down (by the wind or rain) Dzl.; ra ^og nydl-bai nya so Zam. calls the let- ter rnya ; fig. to rest, bde-bar nydl-du med- do (he) had no rest, viz. from envy Dzl. ?$G, 12. 2. with dan or la, to lie with (a woman) Dzl. and elsewh. 3. fig. to dwell, to live Mil. Comp. nyal-Kri couch, bed, sofa C. - nyal-gos counterpane, quilt, blanket Sch. - nydl-po coition, nydl-po byed-pa to practise cohabitation, mdn-du immoderately Med. 186 nyam(s) take the measure, -the dimensions of, to survey, sa land, 1IQI' the propeny, to take an inventory, to asc6rtnin or compute the state of one's property, 3. C. - !.be follow- ing; '1lyumJ sdd-pa ccg. 1. to try, to test, byid-dam mi byed whether he will do it or Dot Mil., to tempt, furp-ddm-gyi 1'IfPl1Il$ nid-pa v. aho\"c. 2. to mock, scolT, trouble maliciously, provoke, irritate C. Compo 7lya7M-dgU v. 1l!lU'TM-fdbt. - fl!Jallls-rgyild Mil. - flya1lls. llyam&-1"[I!jUd- la w!ldns - po., intellectually skilled, well versed. - "y(l.1I1& - rid anxiety, fear, dread, of a thing, with the dat. or instr. Mil.; nyu1tUHid-lcu tdr-ba to be delivered from anxiety S.!!.; lIyams--ild-ba vb. to be alarm- ed, to be in great anxiet)· Sen..; adj. dread- ful, horrible, naf/s-(sdlllsamt-lia-oo a ho.... rible forest DzL - flyams-bMg is said to be used resp. or euphem. tor d'!J01l, e.g. Ior damage done to an image of a god by water C.; nyartl3-ldfP sin Schr.; in Tllgr. it seems to be used in this sense. - nydms- i!Un I. faint, weak, languid, exhausled, by hunger, illness etc. Dd.; poor in learning, destitute of knowledge, iguortlllt lY. ; des- titute of money, destitute of virtue C. ':!. w: col. for S1lYf1llS-lU,i. - lIyartl3-rtdgs resp. knowledge, cognition, perception, flyams.'"iQgs Ai9 yod, fl1/amHtdgs hzdn.po i!eye or ol.'t'Uiu, n. perception, n good thought arises (in my mind); in a general sense: nyarm.rtd9s.k!li mfar pym-pa to obtain perfect knowledge .Mi/., frq. - ny«7lls-stdbs strength, zin is gone Med. - nyams-swn-)"dl v. }'sdl-po. -lIyanl'-brtds bytd-pa strf!nglhening, resto· ralive, nourishing Med., (but lIyams - brtas he recovered, grew well, got up again DzL) - nyams-td9-pa suffering, lormenled, ex- hausted DzL; flyams-fdg-pai skad or sfJ1'a lamentation, doleful cries. - nyatrn-(dbs, lIyatrn-dfJit &h.; 'appearance, colour, figure, state' (?). - nyaJlU-mydil Tar. enjoyment, delight, nyams-myon mOo "1/el ru/i, although I had no real enjoyment of it MiLlIt.; t86r- hai lIya7ll'-myoli prob. perception by the senses, knowledge acquired th1tlugh the medium of the senses Mil' l nyanu-J·t1dl nydl-ba Dz/. 7 skill. - C. wonderful, most beautiful. - nyatrn-/m a memorial verse, n. rhyme or verse seIl'ing to retain tbings in memory Mil. lIydms-pa injured, hurt, e.g., by a fall DzL; of lifeless things: spoil. ed, damaged G:; impaired, imperfect, stcb3- nyarm, dbd/i-po llyams-pa, ydn-kw llyalll.s Lu. (as explanation of M-bo); s1IIra-llya17l3 (the sick person) speaks little !lied.; -sem- nyant s,r,i-,(fan- W. discouraged, disheart- ened; esp. relative to a. yiolation of duty, failing ill, wil-lirirm (or ($Ill-las) nyd17l3- pas because he has failed in, tteted against the moral law DzL; b::&1- pa ll!lffms-pal" <:!Iyur-bas because their patience failed D:l.; also stained Glr., e.g. t'rdfH/is with blood; nydms-par bJId·pa Wd'i.; lIydms-su J'ig- pa Gir. to spoil, deteriorate, mOo n!Jums-pa entire, complete, untouched, un- corrupted. nyar 1. v. n1/fM·a. - 2. G., also nyar- llydr, oblong. nydr-}'ddn W inst. of liar-fdd/i, ..... n.. shin, shin-bone. '7':-I"'o/'-r or lIyal-nydl filth, dirt, foul matter, loose ilDd dry dirt that may be removed by sweeping 1'11,., Dzl. nydl.ba, imp. nyol, I. to lie down, I e.g. before a tigress Dz/.; to lie down, to sleep, ll}Jal(-du) son (he) went to bed Gtr.; rgya-8rdli_la llyal odUy-90 (he) slept in the street Gll'.; mi nyal t3ant-la when people go to bed, at curfe...... Mil.; rta llyal byki-P/t to make a. horse lie down Gir.; rarely of things: rtsea flyal the grass is laid-down (by the wind or rein) DzL; rOo llydl-bai nya so YAJ1'/I. calls the let- ter mya; fig. to rest, bdUxu' llydl-du 111M- do (he) had no rest, ,riz. from envy D::l. 1'J. - 2. with dan or la, to lie with (1\ woman) Dzl. and elsewh. - 3. fig. to dwell, 10 live Mil. Compo ilyal-Rri couch, bed, lofa C. - nyal-90s counterpane, quilt, blankel Sch.- nydl-po coition, flydl-po byid-pa to practise cohabitation, mali-du immoderatelyMea.- 187 nyid )/<il-bu bastard, whoreson Ma. nydl-sa sleeping-place. jjN nyi 1. num. fig.: 38. 2. num. inst. of ynyis in compounds, nyi-brg-yd, -stdn, -/,// etc., nyi-Kri also title of a book, the Prajnti Paramita, containing 28 000 Sloka. - 3. for nyi-ma. ' nyi-Kud a lake in Nepal l*th. n yi~ ma (Ba>l' *nyo-ma*, 1. the sun, O car becomes visible, rises; sar id., also: has risen, shines; nub, rgas, W. also *skyod, bud*, sets, is setting; nyi-ma nub fse bar (for fsei bdr-du) until sun-set Sch. ; nyi-mai ynyen akin to the sun, the Sakya race 6s. ; *da nyi-ma rin-mo* W. now the sun stands already high in the heavens; *nyi-ma-gan-sdr* sun- flower, Helianthus. - 2. day, = nyin-mo, opp. to night, frq.; *nyi-ma-fsc* W. the whole day, all day long ; *nyi-ma-ped* W. noon, mid-day ; nyi- ma ycig one day, once Dzl. : nyi-ma^e-rer daily. Comp. nyi-dkyil disk of the sun Sch. - nyi -gun, nyi-mai gun noon, mid -day; meridian (?) Cs. nyi-dgd seems to be the n. of a medicinal herb Med. - - nyi- rgds sun-set. nyi-ldog the solstice, dgun- nyi-ldog winter solstice, dbydr - nyi - Idog summer solstice Wdk. nyi -nub = nyi- rgds. nyi-fsd I. Sch.: the time or duration of one day. 2. Lex.: = Tfi*J$ direction, place, country(P); nyi - fse spy 6d- pa Lex.'. a kind of ascetic; nyi- fse -ba Sch.: ephe- meral; single, simple; Thgy.: n. of a class of infernal beings. - - nyi - tsdd sun - dial, nyi-fs6d-kyi Kor-lo the circle of a sun- dial Cs. nyi- dzin eclipse of the sun fcf. sgra-ycdn). -- nyi-zer sun -beam, nyi-zfr rtd-la zon-nas riding on a sun-beam Mil. and elsewh.; nyi-zr-gyi rdul a mote floating in a sun-beam. nyi-zld sun and moon; also the figures of sun and moon connected, crowning the top of the mcod- rfi'n; nyi-zld bsdad mi on sun and moon will not stand still Mil. nyi-^g below the sun; the earth Was. (49); nyi-^dg-gi rgifal-Kams Glr. id.; it seems, however, to denote a certain country, ace. to MahBvyuU patti the same as Aparantaka, William*: the western country ; cf. Schf. on Tar. ?$. nyi-^od sun-shine. nyi-ydl any screen or shelter from the sun's rays: awning, curtain, parasol, pent-house Sch. ; *nyi-rtb* (prop, sgriV) W. id., umbrella. -- nyi-ldr sun-rise 6*. nyi-lhag Sch. a cold day (?) Cf. nyin-mo. nyl-su (inst. of nyis-cu), often in con- junction with (dm -pa, twenty, nyi- su-rtsa-ycig B., ., *nyi-bu-nyer-yci<f W., nyer-ybig, twentyone. nyiff-nyig w- loose, slack, lax, not tight or tense. or-m* nyin-Ku, Ssk. ifjff Cs. : 'heart, spirit, l^ essence', cf. snyin-po. <s>_.p?' nyin-to Sch. : sure, trustworthy, Lex. : ' nyin-tor = net-par. nyin-lag, a category not familiar to us; gen. mentioned together with ydn-lag; it might be translated by: members of a second order, parts of the ydn-lag ; the exact meaning must however remain undetermined, as the Tibetans themselves are not able to give a clear definition of it. In C. : inner parts of the body, opp. to outer. In books, phrases like the following are to be found: ydn- lag dan nyin-lag tarns -i-dd dan Iddn-pa; ydn-lag dan nyin-lag nd-ba; ydn-lag dan nyin-lag ycod-pa\ evidently the nyin-lag are smaller, but more numerous than the ydn-lag. In Pth. also nyih-spriil is found besides yan-sprul, emanation of the third order; v. sprul-pa. n y in ^ mfydms *t>yfr-i>a to be re-born Stg. nyid 1. self, same, opp. to other persons, ma nyid the mother herself Dzl.', mi de ni rgydl-po nyid yin-no this man are you yourself, o king! Dzl; the very, just he, just it etc., las bytd-paiynas nyid-lajust where I am working Dzl.\ del dmn-nyid- na (or du) close by, to, or before, hard by, Thgy. ; dtts de - nyid - du at the very moment, frq.; mc6d-bya nyid that which is venerable par excellence Tar. 15, 13; yfa- 'lytil..IJtt I'llstnrd, whoreson "'a. - lIytil.,a sleeping-plnce. 71yi I. num. fig.: 38. - 2. num. inst. of rnyi. in compounds, fI!Ji·b"!!yd, ·.to,i. -A'ri ele., n.lJi./Eri also title of a hook, the Prajllh P1lI11.IlIitii, oontn.io;ng 28 000 Sloku.. - 3. for ny(..nla. 7lyi.iM a la.ke in Nepnl Pth. llyi-mll (Bal. ·nyd-ma·, I. the sun, i/lr beromcs visible, rises; ;ar id., nlso: hIlS r;scn, shines; nub, Ygcu, w: also ·d:yod, bud', get.s, is setting; nyi-ma nub (u bar (for (,ei bdr-du) until sun-set Sen.; nyi""1luri rnYtTI nkin to the SUll, the Silky" mce L&.j ·da lI!Jl.ma rin..mo· lV. now the sun stands nlrcn.dy high in the heavens; ·nyi-ma-gan-Jd," sun- flower, llelinnthus. - 2. day, - ny(n-mo, opp. to night, frq.; ·nyi-ma-(&!' lV. the whole dAy, nil day long; ·nyi-ma-jJM'" W noon, mid-day j nyi- lIIa'ltifJ one dn.y, once Dd.: nyi-ma--rt-1'er daily. Compo lIyi-dl.-yil disk of the sun &11. - nyi-gf.,;, nyi_mai gWl noon, mid.day; meridian(?) Ct. - nyi. cWd seems to be the n. of n medicinal herb Ned. - nyi- "yd, sun-set. - nyi-ldOg the solstice, do(m- nyi-ldog winter solstice, dbydr nyi-ldog summcr solstice lVd.l - nyi-1llib _ nyi- rgo... - nyi-6i j. Sell.: the time or duration of one dny. 2. l.a.: - direction, plncc, country(?); nyi-{$i .pydd-pa La:.: a kind of I\Scetic; nyi-{si-w &11.: meral; single, simple; Thf/Y.: n. of a cll\SS of infernnl beings. - nyi - wkJ sun· dial, nyi - (.dd _lyi k6r-lo the circle of a sun- dinl u. - nyi-odzin eclipse of the sun (c£. 5fJM·rtdn). - 1Iyi-Zh' sun.beam, 'IJji.:!r rM-Ia MII.,las riding on a sun-lieI'm and elsewb.; nyi - zb' - gyi rdul a mote llOAting in a sun-beam. - ,lyidd sun and moon; also the figures of sun nnd moon connect.cd. crownin" the top of the 1'I'Ilod· ribl; n!J1··:ld btdad mi OIi sun and moon will not stand still Mil. - nyi· 4 0g below the sun; tbe earth lVas. (.HI)· 7Iyt·-4Oy·gi rrJ.r!fll./.!am. Glr. id.; it seems,Ch.ow<'fer, to 187 dcnote a oemin country, ace. t.o Mahivyut.- patti the same M Aparlntaka, WilliolPU: tbe western country; c.f. &Jif. on Tnr. n. - nyi-4od sun-shine. - nyi-tj& any 5CfftIl or shelter from the sun's ray.: awning, curtain, parasol, l)Cnt.-bousc &11.; ·nyi-rib· (prop. IfIrib) lV: id., umbrella. - lIyi-«ir sun-rise u. - &A. a cold day (?) - Cf. nyin-mo. of nyU.cu), often in con.- ..... JunCtlOn With (am - pa, twenty, n!fl· iu-rt5a·rHg 11., C., ·nyi-iu.-nyno-rHo· lV" nyer-rag, twentyone. n,yig-nyig lV. loose, slack, lax, not tlgbt or tense. nyiri-iv, &k. 1nZ u.: 'heart, spirit, ..... essence', cr. myiiJ-pb. &h.: sure, trU1tworthy, La.: nYIrl.tor = net-par. nyiri-lag, a category not familinr ""l to us; geD. mentioned together with ydn-lag; it might be translated by: members of n. sec.ond order, parts of the !Ian-lag; the e:lncl meaning must howe"cr remnin undetermined, os tbe TibetRns themseh'es ore not oble to gh'e a clear definition of h. In G:: inner parts of the body, opp. to outer. In books, phrases like the following are to be found: ydll- lag dali nyi,i_Iag (am&-ttid dati ldtin.pa; ydn-lag da.1i nyiJl-lag nd-bo; ydn-/a{I dali nyin-lag ridd-pa; evidently the "yin-lag are smnller, but more numerous than the ydll-lag. In PtA. also 7Iyill.,pn:.l is found besides yan·'JWtil, emanntioD of the third order; v. 8Pf'/:.l-pa· "yill-m6dm.. wydr-ba to tJ be re-born S'g. 'Iyid 1. self, same, opp. t.o other persons, ma nyid the mother herself ".i de ni 1'fJ'Jdl-p6 nyid yin.no this mlUl IlTe you yourself, 0 king! die \·ef)., just he, just it ete_, It.U 6yld-p<JiI'mi" ,.yid.lajust where I .m working D:l.; dei ,lJ'W,f-"yit.l- na (or du) close by, to, or before, hard by, TIl{/Y.; dIll de· n!JM- du Ilt the Yer)' moment, frq.; llIldd-b!la tlyitl tllAI which is ,·cMll:lble.ptlr excellence Tar. Hi, 13; yO"- *" nyu-ti tan nyid Tar. 15, 14 id.; de-nas mi rin- ba-nyid-na a very short time after Tar.; when added to adjectives it denotes ab- stract nouns, as in English the terminations : -ness, -ship, -ty, -cy, -y etc., but it is chiefly limited to the language of philo- sophical writings, from which a few ex- pressions only (such a.s ston-pa-nyid the emptiness, the Buddhist vacuum) have found their way into col. language. 2. In the more recent literature it is used resp. for Kyod, thou, you; nyid-kyi thy, your Pth., Ma.] nyid -ran you (col. *nyi-rdn, nyo-rdn*} W., 6., res.p., like the German 'Sie' ; nyid-cag(-rari) you? addressed to one person or to several, C. (in Glr. Kyed-cag seems to be used in. the same way). - 3. Only, grans-kyi Ina nyid Zam. only the numeral Ina; za nyid-do the letter za alone (without a prefix). nyin(-mo} I.fay,=nyi-ma2;nyin- gyi fin -la during the day-time Pth.; nyin-mor ^gyur it dawns 6s.; nyin- mor byed 'making day', an epithet of the sun 6s. ; nyin adv. in the day-time Glr. ; nyin-cig one day, once Dzl. ; nyin cig bzin- ' du daily Dzl.', nyin-par during the day- time Dzl. ; by day-light Dzl. ; del nyin-par on that day, frq. Dzl.; pyir nyin, pyi de nyin } del pyi nyin the following day, on the f.d. Dzl.; fses bco-lndi nyin the 15th., on the 15th. Glr.; fig.: bstdn-pa nyin-par mdzdd-pai skyes-bu a saint that restores the doctrine, a reformer of faith; hence Schr. : ddd-pai nyin-byed evangelist, apostle. - 2. propitious day; *na ca nyin-mo mi Odug* W. this day is not propitious for me to go. Comp. nyin-dkdr a white, a lucky day Sch. -- nyin-gdn, nyin-fog-t'dg (W. * fag- fog*} all the day long. nyin-gun noon. nyin-gla daily pay, a day's hire 6s. *nyin-fse-re* W. all the day long, the live- long day. - - nyin - mfsdn 1 . a day and a night, nyin-mfsdn bco-brgydd Mil. for nine days and nine nights. 2. day and night DzL, nyin-mfsan-med-par id., frq.; nyin- med-fsdn-med W. id.; nyin-mfsdn-du id. Mil.; nyin-mfsdn mnydm-pa equinox. - nyin-zdg(-fcig} \. a day with the night, 24 hours, divided into 1 2 portions of time, called K'yim (q. v.) : nam -pyed midnight, nam-pyed-yol 2 o'clock a. in., fo-rdns 4 o'cl. a.m. (in popular language also: *jd-po ddn-po* about 2 o'cl., *nyis-pa* 3 o'cl., *sum-pa* 4 o'cl., nam-ldns 6 o'cl. a. m. (i.e. the time when the sun first illumines the mountain tops; it is from this moment, and not from midnight, that in daily life the date is counted); nyi-sdr 8 o'cl. a.m. (when the sun rises upon the valley); dros- ojdm (col. *nyi-dul*} 10 o'cl. a.m.; nyin- gun, nyi-pyed 12 o'cl., noon; pyed-col (W. *zd-ra pi-mo*} 2 o'cl. p.m., myur-smdd 4 o'cl. p. m., nyi-rgds 6 o'cl. p. m., srod- Jcdr 8 o'cl. p. m. (col. *sa-ritb, srod-rub*}, srod-col 10 o'cl. p. m. (col. *tin-nyi'*} '- thus ace. to Wdk. By adding the names of the 12 years' cycle (nam-pyed byi-ba, pyed-col glan etc., v. the word Zo), these terms have been rendered still more con- venient for astrological calculations. Of course, all the terms given are strictly correct only at the time of the equinoxes, and deviate at the summer and winter solstices for more than an hour from the time indicated by our clocks. 2. nyin-zdg as symb. num.: 15. nyin-bzin-gyis Pih., nyin-re bzin Glr., daily adv., \v\th-gyi adj. - nyin-ldm a day's journey Glr. , rkan- fdn-gi, rtd-pai, lug-pai nyin -lam a pe- destrian's, a horseman's, a sheep-driver's daily march. nyin-rdrts Tar. ( to-rdns) day-break, morning twilight Schf. nyib-pyogs, W. *nyib-cog(s}* the sunny side of mountains. nyil-ba to decay, to crumble to pieces, of rocks, mountains etc.; rarely to run down, of tears, to flow down, of locks of hair. AVT- nyis 1. instrum. oinyi. 2. in com- pounds for ynis. ?>" nyu num. fig. : 68. Ns $*^ nyu-ti pear Ld. 188 tcm nyid Tar. 15, l4 id.; dJ-na.s mi n"i- b«-nyid-1la a very shori time after Tar.; when added to adjecth'es it denotes ab- strllCt nouns, as in English the tenuinations; -ness, -ship, -ty, -cy, -y etc., it is chiefly limited to the language of philo- sQphical writings, from which a few ex- pressions only (\luch lJt()il-pa-tlyid the emptiness, the Buddhist vacuum) have found their way in,to coL language. - 2. In the more recent literature it is used resp. for cYJOd, thou, you. nyfd-kyi thy, YOUf Pth., Ma.; tl!fl'd - reiJi you (col. "nyi - rali, tly<'-rIM*) W., C., reiilp., like the GermllD lSi£'; llyld-cag(-rait) lOU, addressed to one person OJ: to severnl, C. (in, Gir. J.'yrd-cag seems to be used in, the SlUne way). - 3. only, gran&-l:!Ii hit;. nyi4. Zam. only the numerallliaj za 1}yid-dtJ the letter za alone (without a prefix). nyin(--rrw) l,day,>=ll!Ji-ma 2; nyfn- 9!Ji riit-la during the day-time Pt/hj ny(n-mor <3/JUr it dawns Cs.j nyin- mor byed 'making day', an epithet of the sun c..; nyiti ndv. in the day-time Glr.; nyln-l:ig day, once Dzl.; nyin Cig bZfn- 'du daily Dzl.; nyif!--par during the day- time Dzl.; by day-light D::l.; de; on that day, f!XI. D::l.; ftyir n!Jin, ftyi de "!in, dii pyi nyin the followiJ1.g day, on the f.d. D::l..; !sea baJ-lridi nyin the 15th., on the 15th. Glr.; fig.: nyin-par mdztid-pai skyis-bu a saint that restores the d"etrine, a of faith; hence &llr.; dad-par' nyln-byed eVDngelist, apostle. - 2. prtlpitiOLlS day; *1ia 'IIli odurt lY. this day is not propitious for me to go. Compo nyin-dJ.:ar a white, n lucky day &11. - nyin-gait, nyin-fog-fag (lY. *fag- (0[1*) all the dny IQ.Qg. - nyin-g/./li noon. - nyfn-gla daily pay, a day's hire c.. - *nyin-(u-rl' W: all the day long, the live- long day. - nyin-mftdn l. a day and a night, nyin-'lnfBdn Mil. for nine days and nine nights. 2. day and. night Dt/., nyin-m(wn-'1'!Wd-par id., frq.; nyin- mid-ffdn:mtd IV. id.; nyin-mfBdn.du id. .Mil.; 1Iyill-m18an tIlnyam-pa eqllillOX. nyin-zcig(-rCig) l. a day with the night, 24 hours, divided into 12 IlOrtiOUS of time, called fyim (q. v.): nam-pyed midnight., nam1;!Jcd-lJdl2 o'clock l\., m., fo-rdm 4 o'd. a. m. (in popular language also: +jd - po dd,i - po. about 2 o'd., ·n!Jls - pa. 30'cl., *irUm-pa· 4 o'e!., nam-l<hi8 6 o'e\. a. m. (i.e. the time when the sun first illumines tbe mountain tops; it is from this moment, , and not from midnigbt, tbat iu daily life the date is counted); nyi-jar 8 o'e!. a. m. (when the sun rises upon the valley); dl'03- Jam (co!. *nyi-(/ur) 10 o'el. a. m.; nyin- gUil, nIfrpJid 12 o'eL, noon; Wd-l& (W. -za_ra id.mo t ) 2 o'el. p. m., m/JUr 4 o'c!' p. m., nyi - "gth 6 o'cl. p. m., 8rod- JMr 8 o'el. p., m. (col. vod-riW-), 8/'00- col 10 o'e!' p. m. (col. ·tiit.-nyt1·- thus ace. to Wdk. By the names of the 12 years' cycle (nam-illJid byi.ba, pyed·cdl glari etc., v. the word 10), these terms have been rendercd still more con- venient for astrologleal calculations. Of course, all the terms gi,'cn e.re strictJy correct only at tbe time of the equiuozes, and deviate at the sumOler nnd winter solstices for more tban an bour from the time indicated. by our clocks.. 2. nlJin-Zdg as symh. num.: IS. - Ptk, nyi1M'A bUn Glr., dailyad\-., witb.g!Ji ooj. - nyin-ldm a day's journey Glr., rlrali- (ari -gi, rtd-pai, lU9 -pai n1Jl'n - 16m a pe- destrian's, II horseman's, a sheep·driver's daily mart'h. - n!fin-roJis Tar. (= fo_r«i.8) day-brenk, morning twil,ight &lif. nyih-jlyOg', W. 'nyih-""'(.)' tbe sunny Side of mountams. ny(['.batodeeay, roerumble to pieces, of rocks, mouutains etc.; rarely to run doWll, of teurs, to flolV down, of locks of hair. nyu 1. instrum. of nyi. - 2. in com- pounds for rnis. 1;' nyu num. fig.: 68. ,., nyU.ti pear fA. nyug-pa " 1. to besmear, s/w t> |IT- fume; to rub gently, to stroke, to 4 caress X<-//., \\\ tins sense perh. GyutchV?, 14. -- 2. to touch, = rey-pa ccd. W.; C 1 .? - 3. to search after (feeling, groping) < s. - 4. to put out. stretch out, cu-nas mgo one's head out of the water, to look or peep out, resp. dbu nyug mdzdd-pa Glr.; itt/u</-nyug-pa Tar. 80, 21 to stand out, to project (Sch. : to run to and fro?). n y i ty~ rtsa me- tog Carthusian pink C. im-rim, nyun-rum a eunuch DzL nyun-ba 1. adj. col. *nyuh-nu*, little; *nyun-nu big*, Ld. col. *nyun-na- rig*, nyitti-zad cig id. Z)0Z. ; nyun-Ms Wdn., a little, a few, some; nyun-bar byed-pa to make less 6's. -- 2. vb. to be little. -_._.. nyuii-ma turnip, la(-pug dan") nyu/i 4 (-ma) radishes and turnips (r/r. - nyun-Ku, nyun-loi )a turnip-soup, turnip- tea, an infusion of dried turnip leaves, much used, e.g. in Bhotan, and considered very nourishing(P). *nyun-do*C.} mentioned by Wts. p. 137. as 'navets ronds', large sweet, red turnips (perh. turnip - rooted cabbage?). -- nyun-yzi seed-turnips (Cs. turnip-seed). nyun-lo a turnip leaf. Note. In writing and speaking this word is often confounded with yun(s) mustard, so that e.g. yun-ma is said for turnip inst. of nyun-ma, nyuns-dkdr for white mustard, inst. of yum-dkdr. nyun-rum v nyug-i*um. nyul-ba to wander or rove about, to pass privily or steal through, e.g. towns, countries, mountains Mil., burying- places, tombs (as jackals) Mil.', (Ita) nyul- pa, nyul-mi Pth., sa-nyvl a spy Cs. (Also ynyi'd-ba, myul-ba.} nye num. fig. : 98. ^ F ny6-ti a pear Schr. (cf. nyit-ti, nyd-ti). nye-ba I. vb., to be near, to approach, iilways with the supine of a verb, l9 dus bytd-du nt/r -/-,/> ulien he was near dying l)zl.\ zl<i-l><i f*<ti',-<lti /a/, -/HIM (when she was) near the coaiplt-tinn of the months, i e. the time of giving iiirth to a child DzL, frq.; tldb-dpon ////'/ /iii-iln nyf-ba when the time of the teacher's return drew near DzL ; zin-du mi nyd-ste being not near having done DzL; even used as follows: ynas der sleb-tu nye-bai Ue when he came near the place Mil. II. adj., col. "nye-mo* near, both as to space and time, lam-rih-yi ynyen-pus fcyhn- mfses nye the neighbour is nearer than a kinsman living far off; kd-ba dan nye- bai sar at a place near the pillar Glr. ; fay-nye-ba id.: ri tag- nye -ba %ig a near or neighbouring hill Ma.; standing near, fig. being closely connected with by con- sanguinity: nye - ba - mams 6'. relations, kindred (DzL ?V& ', 13 ynyen-pas prob. is preferable to mo nye-bas) ; allied by simi- larity : mfsdms-med-pa liia dan de dan nyt- bai sdig-pa the five worst sins, and those coming nearest to them; near by friend- ship and affection: *nyJ-mo yin* W. he is closely connected with us, he is desirous to enter into an intimate connection with us ; bio, or snyin, or sems nye-ba (or *nye- wzo*), friendly, kind, amicable, bio nyt-ba Itar byed-pa to affect a friendly manner Glr.; *nye - mo )/u>' - pa* C. to love, e.g. parents loving their children or vice vor>;\ : ny-bai sras brgyad Glr. the eight intimate disciples (of Buddha, not historical, but mythical persons, Mandshusri etc.). III. adv. nyt-bar or nyer 1. near, dun to, de-dag dan nyi'-bar lltd-Kait /c<vw near to them he built a temple Tar. ; /<//.-/><// ^6ii-ba, stib-pa, to come near, to approach; nyt-bar ^gyiir-ba id , stons-su nyt-bar gffyi'i'' ba dan when it was nearly empty Wtj ddr-la nyt-bar gyitr-to it began to spread, to extend itself /V/M ni/> : -/'<// ynds-pa to be near, to stand near, e.g. of a star Wdn. - 2. nye-bar byed-pa, with la, to adhere to. to keep (one's promise) l*th. 3. nye-bar bzdg-pa to make use of. to employ, dnin- pa nye-bat' bzd<j-p (?q^TT. H*rn. I., tlyNg-'}X1 1. to besmear, pe.... ...... fume; to rub gently, to stroke, to cams ScI•., in sense peril. 0vaten VJ, 14. - 2. 10 IOIlCh, - rlfl"pa Cllt!. w.; C. V - 3. to search after (feeling, gl"0lling) 0. - 4. to put out. streich out, et< -1/11& m[lO one's llClld out of the wilIer, W look or petp fesp. dim ?lyu9 ml/::dd_pa Gir.; 1lytlg-'llyug-pa 7'ar. 80,21 to stand out, 10 project (&/1.: to run to and fro?). md- {Of} Carthusian .... pink C. nyug-1'lim, Ilywi-riom a .(,1"" , z..... eunuch D::l. r'.q' flYlhi_ba 1. adj. col. °llYliu-,iu·, litlle;. ...... °llyuri_riu zig", IA. col. °ny/oj. na· rig0, lIyiuj-::ad n9 id. D::l.; nyU/i-Jds HiM" a little, a few, some; lIyUli-lJar h!Jld-pa to make less £4. - 2. vb. to be little. r'Cot' lly.iti-mu turnip, la(-ftvg dati) nyUl' ...... (.ma) radishes Imd turnips Gir. - 71yUit-J.lu, "!fiui -Ioi ja turnip-soup, turnip- tea, nn infusion of dried turnip leaves, much used, e.g. in Ebotan, and considered very nourishing(?). "lIyu,i..JIfOC., mentioned by Wu. p. 137. as 'nu.,'e\s ronds', lo.q::;e sweet, red turnips (peril. turnil'· rooted cabbllge?). - llywi-fii SC<'d-turnips (lA. tUrJ1.ip-seed). - nyiui-lo a turnip lenf. Note. In writillg lWd l'pcaking this word is often confounded with .1/Uli(8) mustard, SO that e.g. Ylai-lIla is said for turnil' iust. of n,Vuli-ma, 71.lfUiI.-dkdr for white inst. of yuir8..Jlr:d,.. ngUli-rUm. v n!fU!J-rU.»l. nyill-lJa to wander or rove to pa" privily or steal through, e.g. towns, countries, monnL:lins Mil., bUI'}'wg- places, tombs (asjll.cknls) Mil.; (ita) 1Hl, nyuHfli Ptk, .u--tlyill a spy Ci. (Also tllyUl..ha.) 0/ Dnm. fig.: !lB. 0/(' tl!Jl'-(i, a penr (cf.1lgil.ti, 11:10-11). 71ye.ba I. vb., to be near, to approach, lll"'a)'s with lhe supine of a reru,. dIU byM- du 'II!p- bat "'hen he ".,.. nKr dying D::I.; ::lU-ba f.. ('''!If'11 she wu) De1Ir tile coull,lelion of tile month., i e. the tillle of giving hirth to a child D::l., frq.; tldb..Jl'0ll.l1Pr when the time of the teacher'. rctum drew nCfU' D::l.; ::itl-du mi tl¢-tu being not ne.r Ilaving done D::l.; evcn used AS follow.: )'lUI' dn- .leb-tu tlyt-baj fit when he eame near the plaee Mil. II. adj., col. near, both lUI to space IUJd time, r"y.;,.,.pu. /..'yfm. mfAta flye the Dcighbol.\r i,; nearer lhan D kinsman living fllr off; /"'d-ba dair 11!}J- bai .u" Ilt a place near tbe pilhu Gi".; (ag-1lyi.ba id.: ri (u!I.lIyA-{m zig a Ileal' or neighbouring hill Ma.; stnllding IlCftr, fig. being closely connected with by l'on- sanguinLty: flyt - ha· ",WIn' C relations, kindred (D::!. 13 'J'1yffi-pa. prob. is preferable to mo nyt-lxu); allied by simi· ktrity: lIl('OrilHIltd-pa i,ia daiJ I.k dmi nyi. hai lJ:!ig-pu the five worst sius, and tlJOIle coming nelltest to them; nCM b)' friend- ship Dnd affection: "'lyl-1ff() yin" he is closely connected with us, he is desirous to enter into an intimate connection with us; hlo, or 'Tlyin, or!<mU fl!l-ba (or mo"), friendl)", kind, nmicnblc, hlo nyt.ba ltar byffl-pa to affect l\ fricndly mlUlner GIr.; -flyi _rII0 .pa- C. to lOTe, e,g. parents loving their children or \·ioo "crsa; nyi.hai ,ra, brgyad Glr. the eigllt iutimMe discilJles (of Buddha, not 11istorical, but m),thiL'tll persons., Mandshusri etc.). Ill. adv. or 1. near, dail to, di-dag dm, flyl.oor If.d-lu,i h:hU lieu to them he built a temille Tar.; My/-bar .oli-ba, .lib-pa, to come DClU', to IIPllroach; lIyJ-har o!Iyiu-l.Ja id , .ton..,u ofIYi"'. ba da,; when it was neArly empty I'M.; oor-la nyM)(lr gyit,...to it begUi to spreAd, to extend itself PtA.; fly/-bar r11ti'-IHl to be Dear, to st:uu] nelll', e.g. of a lOW - 2. 1l!JM;or with II', to adhere to, to keep (ODe's promise) l'rh. - 3. 1lyJ-ba" bZdg-pa to make 1I$l! 01, to employ, draH· 14 t1IMSfli,bMg-pa IJNnl.l., 190 nye-zo 626. gxj near, though Tibetan dictionaries write ^r^) to make use of one's intellectual powers. To do this rightly forms part of Buddhist wisdom (v. Kopp. I, 436) and instruction (Dzl. 9Q& ', 7, where Sch.'s version is incorr.), being divided into four divisions or degrees (Burn.); sam-rgyds- la dkon-pai O du-ses nye-bar bzdg-pa to apply to Buddha the notion of rareness Tar. 5, 13. 4. Intensely, urgently, speedily, J}igs-pa nye-bar zi fear is speedily allayed Glr. ; nadnye-bar O fso the disease is speedily cured Thgy.', nye-bar len-paMil., Thgy. to seize eagerly, to strive for earnestly, to aspire to , esp. to the re - birth as a human being; cf. also nyer- ten', nye-bar mtfo-ba of urgent necessity, frq. Tar. nyer Opel it increases rapidly Med. IV. sbst. v. nye-sin. Comp. nye - sKor Sch. nye - K6r those about us, the company around us, Kyed- rdn-gi nye-Kor-gyi Idom-bu-ba a beggar belonging to the people around you Mil. ; esp. relations, kindred, des nye-K6r yan sugs-kyis yon in this way family-connections are formed of themselves Mil. - - nye- mKon nye-rin Cs. (?) -- nye-grogs neigh- bour, fellow -creature Cs. -- nye -car now Sch. nye-dag Cs., nye-du, and most frq. nye - Jbrel (ynyen - Jbrel} kindred, relations (these being considered a main obstacle to moral perfection, they are to be shunned accordingly). -- nye-ynds disciple, kyed- kyi nye-ynds bgyio, nye-ynds-su mcio I wish to become your disciple Dzl. nye- fsdn, nye-rigs relative, kinsman. -- nye-rin 1. near and far, near and distant relations. 2. distance, sgor nye-rin ci-tsam yod how far is it from here to the gate? 3. partial, rgydl-po nye-rin ces the king is very par- tial Glr., nye-rin-med-pa impartial Glr. nye-ldm near; now Sch. nye-zo damage, mishap, accident (syn. to bar- cad), nye-zo-med-par without an accident, safely Dzl. ' nye-reg-pa Lexx. to wash. nyes-pa ftVnCT nyv-sihi or nye-bai sin Med., a tree the fruits of which are used as a sweet medicine. nydg-ma. nyed-pa = mnyed-pa. or- nyen 1. = nye, nyen-kor, or nyen-skor ' -nye-Jfor a relative, Pth. : nyen-kor zig yin he is a kinsman; also alone, like ynyen. 2. with a vb. : danger, risk, myur- du jig-nyen yod there is a danger of its being soon destroyed Glr. ; dmydl-bar ^gro- nyen yda there is a danger of going to hell; srog-gi bar-cdd-du ^gro-bai nyen yod Mil. of risking one's life; *dun-nyen* C. he has the chance of receiving a good beating; occasionally also: to be near, to impend, in reference to happy events; in col. lan- guage it is simply used for danger, nyen- can dangerous, e.g. lam, las, sbrul etc. v-j. nyen-pa, pf. nyen- to, to be pained, pinched, pressed hard, e.g. by hun- ger, cold, enemies; to toil and moil, to labour hard, to drudge; v. ban. *?X" nyer 1. = nye-bar. 2. v. nyi-su. n y er - s"6 9 s Tfy</'> theme, task nyer-nytr, nyer-ze; W. dregs, sedi- ment. ^-q. nyer-ba 1. Sch. to tan, curry, dress, make soft. 2. W., also *nyer-kdd tdn-ce*, to snarl, growl. -- 3. W. to tarry, stay, linger (snyfr-ba for bsndr-ba?). <^. s'Sf' nyer-ma W. for fyer-ma, red pepper. ?M/r - few, or wye - 6ar few - pa, is said to be - rg-yui rgyu, original cause. ^ 1*^1* nyel-ba taken ill, sick Sch. nyes - pa I. sbst. any thing wrong or noxious, or liable to become so, and the consequences of it; hence 1. evil, calamity, damage, nyes-pa fams-cdd del lus- la O duo all sorts of plagues are collecting upon his body Dzl.; lo-nyes a bad harvest, failure of crops, lo-nyes byun-bai fse when .' 190 626. 'all near, though Tibetall dictionaries write 1Illf) 10 make use of one's intellectual powers. To do this rightly forms Ilarl of Buddhist wisdom (v. KiYpp. I. 436) and instruction (Dd. 7, where Sen." \'crsioD is iDCOtr.), being divided into four divisions or degrees (Burn.); 3ail,.rgyd'- W dktm.-pai odu - Al, n!jJ-baI" to apply to Buddha the notion of rareness Tar. 5, 13. - 4. intensely, ul1lently, speedily, Jigl-pa ll!J(Lbar z': fenr is speedily allayed Glr.; nadny;J-bar o(w the disease is speedily cured '1'1I[1Y.; 'lye-bar len-pa Mil., Thgy. to seize eagerly, to strive for earnestly, to aspire to, esp. to the fO - bilth as D human being; cf..also lIyu-lin; mlJ...ha of urgent necessity, frq. Tar. uger J1el it increases rapidly Med. IV. sbst. v. llye-sbi. Compo ?lye - &h. nyt - JMr tllose about us, the complWY around us, l..Ycd- rdti-gi 'Ii!l/}-lidr_gyi lddm-bu-ba 0. beggar belonging to the people llround you Mil.; eSII. relations, kindred, dn flye- 116r yuti AU!J8-kyi3 y<tri in this way family·connections are formed of themselves Nil. - fl!!/}- mlMn = fl!!IYf!'ri <A. (7) - nye-grdfJs neigh- bour, fellow· creature Ct, - nye - car now 8ch. - tl!?dug C,., nlJNiu, and mosl fl'q. nye "lml (rnyen - obrtl) kindred, relations (these being considered a mnin oLstf\.cle to moml perfection, they are to be shunned n.ceordingly). - nye-f11dB disciple, kyJd- "!Ii nye - )'tllU bs!!io, nye - md,-.u mbo 1 wish to become your disciple J)::i. - 'liye- (san, nye-rfgs relative, kinsman; - nye-rfli 1_ near and far, neur and distant rl'1atioos. 2. distance, sgor nye_rili H-t8am yud how far is it from here to the gate? 3. partial, rfl!ldl-po flye-'r"i en thl! king is very par- tial Gir., nye-rbl...If1lh1-pa impartial Glr.- nye-lam near; now Sch. rtf nyt-to damage, mishap, accident (syn. to bar-cad), nyM<!..lflIM-par without an nccident, safely J)::l. '" nye-rtg-pa Len. tO I wash, nyc-Siti, or nyJ.-lmi .lill. Med_, a tree . 1 the fruits of which nre used 8S 8 SWeilt medicine. nytg_ma, nytg-Mg, v. , I '1"'1 'I 1Iydg-mu. , n.lJed-pa - mnyM.pa. nyen L = 1IYC, flyen-Mr, or nyen-sJcdr "" tlye-ollar a relative, l'tk: 1Iyen-1Wr zig yin he is II. kiosman; also alone, like J'1I!JC1l. - 2. with a vb.: danger, risk, myitr- du Jirrnyen yod there is a danger of its being soon destroyed Glr. j dmydi-bar o!}ro- nytn }'da there is Q danger of going to hell; srog..gi bar-Ud-du ofJr6-bai nyen yod Mil. of risking one's life; ·dil1i-lIyen- C. he bas the chance of receiving [\ good benting; occtlSionally also: to be ncar, to impend, in reference to happy events; in col. Inn- guage it is simply used for danger, t1ybl- can dangerous, e.g. lam, las, sbrul etc. uyhl-pa, pf. nybl-to, to be pained, pinched, pressed hard, e.g. by hun- ger, cold, enemies; to toil and moil, to labour hard, to drudge; v. bali. , . )r\ t1yff I. _nye-bar. - 2. v. ny(-Au. uyer - sridfp TII9Y" theme, task I 'C:: I Sch. nyer-fll/er, nyer-ze; w: dregs, sedi- menl nyer-ba 1. Sclt. to tan, curry, dress, make soft. - 2. lV., also ·nyer-kdd tUtj-ce-, to snarl, growl. - 3. lv. to tarry, stay. linger ('lIyer-ba for (muir-bat). , FI!Jk-ma w: for ryk-ma, red pepper. 7i!Jer - lin, or nye - bar len· pa, is SIIid to be '" rgyui rgyu, original cause. , o/'...f.:::r nyN-ba. taken ill, sick Sck nyb - pa 1. sbst. any thing wrong or noxious, or liable to become so, nnd the consequences of it; hence 1. evil, calamity, damage, tlyh-pa (anu..cdJ dei iUs· ia odlW all sorts of plagues are collecting upon his body D;;l.; a. bad harvest, (ware of CI'OIIS, lo-nyl!$ byU,,-bai (8/: when nyo 191 the liar\rst had been bad; in a special sense in medicine: the three humours of the body, air (v. ;-/M//), bile, and phlegm, gen. called firef* jnod-hyed nyh-pa ysum the three noxious matters (most diseases being ascribed to a derangement of one of them). - - 2. moral fault, offence, sin, crime, uy^-pai skyon, being contaminated by a crime Dzl.; lus dan ndg-gi (or Kai) ni/t's-pa sin in word and deed Dzl.; nyes- pa byed-pa to commit a fault, a crime; to sin, frq.; also: mi Zig-la nyes-pa byuit a slip has occurred to a person Dzl. ; bddg- la nyes-pa ci zig yod-de ma fnan what crime have I committed, that you will not give me permission? Dzl. 3. punish- ment C. *nye-mig* id., resp. *ka nye; nye- pa pog-Kan* he that has got a punishment. II. vb. to commit an offence, O dis ci nyes - te bzun what offence has he com- mitted that he is taken prisoner? Dzl. (cf. above); snon-cad bddg-gis nyes-pa bden it is true that formerly I committed a fault Dzl.; sndr ma sbrdn-pa nyes -so the not reporting sooner was a fault Dzl.; yyogs- pa nyes -so you have committed a fault by covering . . . Dzl. ; bdag nyes-na if harm is done to me ; hence ci nyes in a general sense: Kyod ci nyts-pa smros sig tell me what has happened to you Dzl.; btson-na ci nyes quid mali, si vendideris? Dzl.; mi drdn-nam ci nyes is she out of her senses, or, what is the matter with her? Dzl.; ci nyes-na why, ci nyes-na Kdn-pai ndh- na rdzin-bu bskyil why is there a pond within the house? Dzl. ; ma nyts-pai Ogro- ba innocent beings Mil. ; ma nijes-pa pyir byuh he came out again unhurt Dzl. ; nyes- byas a wicked action, a sin 6s. ; nyes-ltuh sin, sinful deed, trespass, nyes-ltu/i-gis pog he has been overtaken by a sin Mil. ' nyo 1. num. fig.: 128. 2. carrot Cs. nyo-ti a pear Ld. nyo-ba, pf. and imp. nyos, 1. to buy, dnul bryyas for a hundred rupees; nyo-(ba-)po a buyer, purchaser, nyo-(lta-) mo fern.; nyd-mkan a buyer, customer; nyd-to account, bill; nyo- (6it commerce, traffic; nyo- fa6n bydd-pa to trade. --2. to take at rent, to take the lease (of a field, by buying the crop). oOTn- nyog-pa soiled, dirtied, made unclean, e.g. of victuals Mil.; ny6g-ma Sch., cu-nyog Lex. muddy, foul water; nyog-nyog- po confused (story) Tar. ajCT^rnC* nyogs-byiii Sch.: too soft; nyog- nyoit Sch. soft, tender, weak, inclined to weep; * ses-nyog-can* (for yc&- nyoy-cari) dandling, fondling W. s'CJ" nydd-pa food Lea?. n !/ on ~ ni^'fls ~P a (seldom without -pa), Ssk. %n 1 . misery, trouble, pain, frq.; also used as a verb: nyon-md/is- sin; tsd-bas nyon-mdns-te molested by the heat Dzl.; nyon-mdns-par ^gyur-ba to get into trouble Dzl. ; nyon ma mohs-sam had you to experience any hardship? Dzl. 2. in a restricted sense : the misery of sin. nyon -moits -pa -las pan-pai don med this does not avail for being delivered from such misery Dzl. ; sin, n<jon-*m6hs-pai nod, dri ma Dzl. ; ser - sna - la s6gs-pai nyon- m6ns-pa avarice and other sins S.O. ; nyon- mons-pa-med-pa free from sin, sinless S.O.; nyon-mons-can-gyis nyd-sa nyos Zam. the offender buys the flesh of a fish. nyob-nyob weak, feeble-minded Sch. ^* nyor 1. v. nyd-ba. 2. a rectangle SQT nyol, imp. of nydl-ba; nyol-ba prov. for nydl-ba. ?&r nyos, imp. of nyo-ba; nyos- mi a slave Cs. ynydn-ba Sch., prob. = mydn-ba. ynyan 1. a pestilential disease, epi- demic, or contagious disorder, plague, mdze dan O brum-bu ynyan Ala.; ynyan- ndd id.; ynyan- du<j a poison against, or a remedy for the plague Med.; dka-ynydn a destructive plague Mi. - '2. a species of wild sheep, argali (Ovis ammon). the hllnelit I",d been bad; in :\ SI)(leial llCnsc in medicine: tllO three humours of the body, nir (Y. rlllli), bile, l\Pd phlegm, gen. clIlled f$)tuxl-!J!ld llyi'-pa l"Hll lhe throo noxious nllltters (most diseMeIl being IISCribed to II <lerongement of one of thew). - 2. moral fault, offence, sin, crinte, nyu·pai Ikyon, being contaminated by n. crime Dd.; 111, dUll ;'d9·9i (or rai) nya-pa sin in word and deed D::l.; nyl1- pa byM. pa to commit II fnult, a crime; to sin, frq.; also: flli Hg.la nyi'.pa bywi a lilip has occurred to a person Dd.; bdag- La nyh. pa Ci ::.g !Jdd·de 1>1« man wllnt crime Illl.VC I committed, tbat you will Dot giyc mo permission? Dzl. - 3. punish. mtnt C wnyl-lIu[f id., resp. ·ka nyl; nye- pa Jkx,rllan· he that has got u punishment. II. yb. to commit an offence, Ci 11911. u bzwi wbnt offence has he com· mitted that he is tnken prisoner? D::l. (ef. l\bove); "idt!·Cad bddg-gis nyl'·pa bJcn it is true that formerly I committed :to fnult D::l.; "idr rna ,bran· pa 7'lP' - 10 the not reporting sooner W!l.S ]I. fault Dzl.; YlIdg6- pa nyl,. 10 you hnvc committed a fnult by co\·ering. " Dzl.; bdag nye,.."a if harm is done to me; hence Ci nyh in a. sense: Ilyod l:i nya. pa "'lfOI jig tell me what has happened to you D::l.; btsd,i·na Ci nyh quid si vendideris? Dzl.; lIli drdn-nam nYei is she aut of her senses, or, what is the mnttcr with her? Dzl.; l:i nye.-na why, t'i nyi'-lIa Ilali.pai ndn- na rd::iti-bu bt.b.JiI why is thero n. Ilond within the house? Dzl.; ma nyi,.pai "gt.(r ba beingll Mil.; fila nyh.]Kl i'yir byun he came out again unhurt D::l.; lIyt.- bYal a wicked acti"o, a sin Ca.; lIy1,..[,t1In sin, sinful deed, trespass, nyl,.ltlln--giJ PIJfJ be has been overtaken by n sin Mil. if 11'90 1. num. fig.: 128. - 2. carrol C,. r, lIytrti a pear Ld. r::r nytrba, pf. nnd imp. lI!JO', I. to buy, drilll brgy", for n hundred rupees; nytr(ba.)p<J n bUl'er, '1Iyo..{b«-) lUI rno feln.; 11ye}. mlan " buyer, eu!tolDcr; 1Iyd·(O l\CCOunl, bill j nYO-,,(.oil commerce, trtlffic; nYO·illm byld-pa to trade. - 2. to take al rent, to take Ihe lease (of a field, lIy buying thc crop). llytX.f1X!loiled, dirtied, made \lDclcan, e.g. of Yictu"l!$ Mil.; lIydi)-100 &11., Ctv-n!Jd!j I.•u. muddy, foul 'ft'ater; 7I!JO!l.,.!J6fJ- »0 confused (story) Tar. n!JOfll.byilc &h.: 100 soft; lI!JOg- nyd,j &11. soft, tender, weak, inclined tu weep; +lJt.wn!JOfj-ean· (for 1U.. lIyog-ean) daudling, fondling lIZ ;fi.·.:r ny6d.pa food Lu. nyonwnwri,-pa (seldom without .pa), &k. n 1. misery,lrouble, pain, frq.; 11150 used as l\ verb: nyon.mdti.- Uti; t,d·f,(u nyon-md,iI.te molested by the heat Dzi.; llyon.mdnr-par JI!Iill·.J"a 10 get into trouble D::l.; nyon ma matiNam had >'on to experience any hnrdship? D::l. - 2. in n restricted sense: the misery of sin, nyon-mdn,. pa·l", pan.pai don 7Md tbis does not avail for being delivered from such misCf}' Dzl.; sin, 1l!Jon-mdlir-pui nad, dr;. ma Dzl.; dl'· "ta - La ldgI.pai 11yon· mdti,-pa M'Rrice and otber sins S.O.; nyotl- mdti'-pa.mld.pa from sin, sinlcS8 S.O.; 1Iyon-naOli,.ca7l-gyi. lIyNa 1l!JO' Zam. Ihe offender buys the flesh of a fish. n!JOb .1Iydb weAk, feeble· winded SeA. nyor 1. \'. 71yd·ba. 2. a rectangle C,. lIyol, imp. of nydl-ba; nydl.ba proy. for nydl·ba. nyOfJ, imp. of nytrba; 1lYO..,tli a sb.\·e C•. )'1iyaii·ba &h., prob. - f'1ty/i':'-ba. ::fJ'7-" pyan 1. a pestilential epi- demic, or eontAgiouli tlisorder, plague, mdu d«ii obrolll. bll l'"yan Ma.; J'tlyatl- ndd id.; J'lIyan-dH9 f)(lisoD against, or remcdy fur the I'llIgue MM.; ./l:a.f1Iydft a destructive plague &h. - 2... species Sf wild tdief'l', argali (Ovis aUlwou). 192 ynydn-pa -/rnydn-pa cruel, fierce, severe, lha fnydn-rnams Glr. gods of venge- ance, deities of terror; klu-ynydn id.; fcrims ynydn -pa & cruel commandment, frq.; dam-fsig ynydn-pa prob. a rigid vow, a solemn oath Mil.; of mountains: wild, rugged , precipitous ; ynydn - sa a rugged country Mil. ; in ynydn-pai ynad (v. ynad) prob.: dangerous. fnydn-po sbst. Mil. 1 ? zflMvq*) rwi/a(-6a) 1- neck, nape, pw/a- 6a brtuiis the neck is contracted or shortened Med. ynyd-ko hide, or leather of a beast's neck 6s. ynya-Kobs screen of the neck (attached to a helmet) Sch. - - ynya - rgydb (?) C. breast - work, parapet. - - ynya-rtse vertebra prominens, the cervical vertebra with its projecting process Mil. -- ynya-fsigs cervical joint. - fnya-rens stiff neck, ynya-rens-can 1. having a stiff neck; 2. stiffnecked, obsti- nate. ynya-sin a yoke (for oxen) Glr., Lex. -- 2. skad-ynyd v. skad. cnanvTr* ynya-ndn, or snya-ndii, a village on the frontier of Nepal a witness, one that gives evidence 6s. , Lex. = dpdn - po ; ynyd-bo byed-pa to pledge for, to be surety for; Dzl. 99V : bskyi-fnyd byas, Sch.: 'he made an attested loan'. ynyi-ga for ynyis-ka %.; ynyi-zer for nyi-zer Lex. ' fnyig-tu Lex. = ycig-tu. rnor* ynyid, resp. mnal, sleep, ynyid-du ; Ogrd-ba to fall asleep Glr., Mil.; W. *nyid ma yon* sleep has not come, I am sleepless ; *nyid ma Mug, nyid Kug ma nyan*, also *nyid san son* id.; ynyid mi tub he cannot find sleep Med. ; ynyid-tum-pa one uninterrupted portion of sleep Glr.; ynyid mfug-pa a sound sleep, ynyid-srdb a light sleep , a slumber Med. ynyid - log - pa (prop, ynyid- kyis log -pa) Dzl. to fall a- sleep, Dzl. 9VZ, 16; %9L, 9 (thus correctly translated already by $c/tr.), prob. also to sleep; ynyid-la ^ro-ba, W. *ca-ce*, to fall asleep; ynyid tuy-pw son he fell into a deep sleep Mil.\ *da-riih ynyid ma log- ynyis mKan - Odug* W. I am still awake ; ynyid sdd-pa to awaken, to awake vb. n. ; ynyid- yiir-ba to be overcome by sleep Sch., Tar. 31, 22, Pth., ynyid -rddl C. som- nambulism; *nyid-ma-mun-la diil-ce* id., Ld. *nyi' > -col gydb-pa* id. C. -- ynyid- can sleepy 6s. ; ynyid-med having no sleep, sleepless; ynyid-ytr morbid sleeplessness; ynyid-ydr Med., Pth., id.? pnyid-lam C. = rmi-lam dream. ynyis 1. also ynyis sig (v. cig), two, de ynyis, ynyis-po, ynyis-ka the two, both ; ynyis (-sw) -med(-pa) ; mi - ynyis - pa Tar., not being two, i.e. not differing, identical, the same, na dan rgydl-ba ynyis- su med I and Buddha, we are one, i.e. I am an incarnation of Buddha Glr.; 6s. also: indubitable, thus perh. used by Mil.; ynyis-su Jbyiin-ba to be divided into two, to become two Glr. 2. a (married) COliple, brdm - ze ynyis Brahmin man and wife. - - 3. both (v. above), in Tibetan often added, where two nouns have the same predicate, either disjunctively, and then usually followed by re: jo-bo dan byams- me/on ynyis mdzo-mo re'i steh-du bzugs both the lord and the Maitreya were mounted on bastard-cows Glr.; na-rdn re ynyis either of us Mil. ; pyi nan ynyis cos- lugs gan bzan which is the better of the two religions, the esoteric, or the exoteric? Glr.; or copulatively: Kyo-mg ynyix-la rds-cug ycig-las mi bdog-ste as they both, husband and wife, had only one cloth to- gether Dzl. ; and reciprocally: cos dan bon ynyis rtsod-pa the contest between the religion of Buddha, and the religion of the Bons Glr. ; Kyod dan ha ynyis bza-mi byao we two shall marry each other Glr. In most cases mentioned sub 3, ynyis-po (the two), ynyis-ka, (y)nyi-ga, W. col. also ;f nyi-ko, nyi-kad, nyi-kod*, Sp. *nyi-mo*, may be used inst. of ynyis; ynyis may also refer to several nouns on one or on both sides: fcyed dan na ynyis both you (re- ferring to several persons) and I; but it may also be quite omitted, as in other languages: ga dan bai ^ug-tsul the way 192 rnydn-pa cruel, fierce, severe, lila rnydn"'llanU Gll'. gods of venge- unce, deities of terror; klu-rnyun id.; !trim. myun- pa a cruel commandment, frq.; dam-(sfg }"n!Jun-pa prob. a rigid vow, a solomn oath ilfil.; of mountains: wild, rugged, precipitous; l1iyun - sa a TUf;b'Cd country Mil.; in rnfJdn-p«i }'1Wd (". mad) I'rob.: dangerous. - m!Jdn-po sbst. Mil.1 m!Ja(-ba) 1. neck, nape, rnyu- ba bl'twis tbe neck is contracted or shortened Med. - rny<i - Jw Ilide, or leather of a beast's neck Ci. - mya-J.'db3 screen of the nede: (attnched W a helmet) Sen. - f1Il/a - Tf/yub (7) C. breast - work, parapet. - )'1lya-rtsli vertebro prominens, the cervical veltebro with its projecting process Mil. - myu - cervical jQint. - m!Ja-t'IM8 stiff neck, 1. having u stiff neck; 2. stiffnecked, obsti- nate. - rnya-Wl l\. yoke (for oxen) Gil'., J.e.e. - 2. skad-rnyd '". skad. J"nya-nwl, or snya--nuli, a "iIlnge on the frontier of Nepal J'1lyd-bo a witness, that gives e"idence (,8., Lu. _ <lpuil - po; f1IYu-bo byid-pa to pledge for, w be surety for; Dzl. J'JV: biJcyi-m!Ju mJas, Sen.: 'he made fln attested loan'. myi-ga for )"1I!Jill-ka Slg.; J'TIyi-zb' for nyi-::Jr Lex. rnyig-tu Li.F. rnyid, resp. mnal, sleep, myld - du ofJr6-ba to fall nslecp Gll'., MiL; W. -nyid ma !Nil.- sleep has not come, I am sleepless; -nl/id ma Rug, nyid Rug manyan-, alw -n!p,l soil- id.; ynyjd 1Ili fuh hEl cannot lind sleep Med.; )'1lyid-fum-pa one unintRrTUllted portion of sleep Gll'.; rnyid 1Ilflig-ra a sound sleep, myi4-srdb a light sleep, a slumber Med. - f1Iyid log - pa (prop. I6g - pa) Dzi. to fall a· sleep, Dzl. JV.(, 16; \) (thus correctly already by Scltr.), prob. also w sleep; ,nlJid-w. ofJlv-ba, lv. -cu-ct*, to fall asleep; rnyid fl"'!I_por w,j he fell into n deep sleep .Mil.; -da-J'UN f7tyid Wi Mff- mltan - "dUf]- W. I am still awake; rnyid sM-pa to nwaken, wawake vb. n.; )"n.'Iid- yUI' - ba to be overcome by sleep Sdf., Tal'. 31, 22, 1M., - }"nlJid-rdM C. som- nambulism; ·1lyid•.1Ila-mun-ia til' id., Ld.; ·nyP- col 9ydh - pa- id. C. - )"l1.11id- can sleepy u.; J'1lyid-n/fd having 110 sleep, sleepless; )'1Iyid-ylr morbid sleeplessness; rnyid-ydr M(!(L, 1't1l., id.? rnyid-iam C. = I'mi-lam dream. . rnyi6 1. also rnyis Ug IV. i:iy), two, (ie J'TIyis, rnyis-po, m!Jis-/.:a the two, both; rn,yis(-su)-mM(-pa); 1Ili-rnyis-pa Tar., not being two, i.e. noL differing, idCJltical, the Slime, ria <Lilli rg!Jdl-ba rnyis- 3U med I IUId Buddha, we are one, i. e. I tim lUI incarnation of Buddba GIl'. ; Cs. abo: indubitable, thus perh. used by MiL; yngiS-8U "b.'I'ili-lJa to be aivided inw two, to become two Gil'. - 2. a (rnnrried) couple, brdm - zc rnyis Brahmin man IIJId wife. - 3. both (v. above), in Tibet:Ul often ndded, where two nouns have tbe same predicate, either disjunctively, and then usually followed by Ti:)o - bo (ian hyal/UI, mylm mdzd - mo ,·ti stbi-du hZugs botb the lord and the Maitreya were mounted on bastard-{loWS Gir.; na-t·uoi "e myit either of uS Mil.; hi nali myi. eos- illfJ6 gan bzati which is the better of the two religions, the esoteric, or tbe exoteric? Glr.; - or copulatively: ClJfNUg rnyill-la l'US-Cflf/ reig-lus mi bdOg-sfe as tbey both, husband and wife, barl only one cloth to_ gether Dzl.; - and reciprocally: 00" da'i bon f1lyis I'fsod-jXl the contest between tbe religion of Buddha, and the religion of tbe Bons Glr.; A'yod dail ria )'1lyi& hza-1Ili byoo we two shall marry Cl\ch otber Gfl'. In most caseg mentioned sub 3, )'nyis-po (the two), rnyis-lro, (j)nyi-ga, lV. col. ftlso -nl/[./IX), Tlyi-kad, nlli-kod', Sp. -1l!Ji-mo·, may be used iust. of rnyis; rnyis may nlso refer to severnl nouns on one or on both sides: li!Jed «ati .ia rill/is both you (re- ferring to several persons) and I; but it may also be quite omiu,l.lll. as in other laogllagCl>: !JP dmi bai Jug-tsifl the way of employing the (two) letters g and b Gram. Comp. and deriv. ynyis - skyes one that is born twice i.e. u bird Cs. also one that has entered into a religious order Cs. - ynyis -car v. car. -- ynyis -ynyis two a piece. ynyis-litti/i twofold, double, v. /</<//>. - ynyis-Jfuii (ft[T|) 'drinking twice', the t'lc|)liaiit. - ynyis -pa 1. the second. 2. having two, possessed of two, e.g. mgo- ynyis-pa having two heads, two-headed; also double-tongued, deceitful W. 3. having doubts, doubting(?) Wdn. ynyis-po the two, both (v. above). ynyis-med v. beginning of this article. ynyis- dzin prob. the state of being affected or influenced by contrary things: doubt, unsteadiness, wavering Glr.; ynyis- dzin ltd-la prob. to look upon two things asdiffering, to think them differentJl/7. rrewraj' ynyug-ma Cs. natural, opp. to '4 beds - ma artificial , hence (Sch.') = drios-ma; Lexx. = f^j innate, peculiar. It occurs in the expressions: sems ynyug- ma, and ynyug-mai sems Mil' ynyug-mai ye-ses Mil. ; ; nyug-mai don Mil. and Lex. ; ma-bcos ynyug-mai ndn-du Odres, perh. : is dissolved into the uncreated primordial existence Mil. Our Lama explained it dif- ferently in different passages, and was not certain of the true meaning of the word. cna^-rrrp^ ynyuh-dkdr rape-seed for press- es ing oil; but cf. nyun-ma. R* ynyul-ba = nyul-ba. Ns y n ye-ba, Glr. also ynyeo, smye'-bo, a wooer, counter. )'nye - ma the twisted part of the colon or great gut, Med. and col. (Sch. erron.: rectum). OTX*' ynyen, resp. sku- ynyen 1. kinsman, relative, bydms-pai ynyen loving re- lations, frq.; ynyen- la bydms-pa bytd-pa to love one's relatives; ynyen-gyi sgyug- mo, tgytg-mo as a degree of relationship Lex.\ ynyen byed-pa to become related, or allied, by marriage Dzl. 2. gen. ynyen-po helper, friend, assistant, esp. spiri- tually: rgywl ymjen-po bzdn-bar byin-rjyis rlobs bless my soul, that it may become a good spiritual helper (to these people) Mil. ; ; HI/I'H -po-la ma It6*-par without looking up to a spiritual adviser Mil.; frq. used of supernatural helpers : bod Q dul-bai ynyen -po the promoter of the conversion of Tibet (the special Saviour of Tibet, as it were), Awalokiteswara, frq.; applied to things: remedy, means, expedient, antidote, ndd-la yso-bar byi'd-p&i ynyen-po assistants in curing maladies (e.g. medicine, diet etc.) Med. ; del ynytn-por as a remedy for Thgy., frq.; sgrub-pai tabs mi s&s-pai ynyen-par as a remedy for helplessness in acquiring a certain object, i.e. direction or instruc- tion how to obtain it Thgy.; ynyen-po ysdn-ba mysterious helpers, or sources of good (relative to fetish -like objects frq.) 3. Cs. : ' ynyen-po adversary, antagonist, enemy; contrary, opposite, adverse'; <ScA.: 'ynyen-p&r rten-pa to adhere to the counter party'; Lexx. have 'spdn-byai '/nydn-po' a ynyen-po to be shunned, explaining ynyen-po by nf?W!r (prob. to be corrected into i^l) opponent, adversary. Sure proofs of this sig- nification of fnyen-po I seldom met with in literature, but Lewin mentions some instan- ces scarcely to be doubted. 4. i. o. mnyen and bsnyen. Comp. dpuh-ynyen helper, assistant, frq. - pa -ynyen, md- ynyen a relation on the father's side, on the mother's side C'i. b$es-ynyen friend, esp. spiritual friend, v. bses. ynyen-grds (&7t.?), ynyen- brfl^ *nyen- duh-po* W. relations, esp. of the same blood; ynyen-sde, ynyen-fsdn, ynyen- srid Mil. id., col. ynyen- ditn 1. Sch.: 'concord, harmony, amongst kinsmen', in which sense it seems to be used in Sty.: ynyen- dun zdd-pa yin this harmony ceases. 2. relations, pa yan ma yin, jnyen- dun min neither father nor relations Thgy. ynyen- zld prob.: qualified, fit for matrimonial alliance (as to birth etc.), ky&l-rnams kyan ned rgya-ndg-pai ynyen-zld yin-pas as ye Tibetans may enter into connubial con- nexion with us Chinese Glr. ; in a concrete sense: a good match, ynyen-zld ma rnytd- 18 193 of emplo}'ing the (two) letters g tl.nd b rloiM bless my lOul, that it may become Gralll. R good spiritual helper (to these people) Compo and deriy. fHyU Y.:ya one that Mil.; rn.1Jht -lHJ • fa 1IIIl [to.. pur without is bom twice i.e. t\ bird G.; also one that looking llll to • spiritual ad,iser MiL; frq. III\S entered into a religiau5 order C•• - of 8upt'rnatural helpers: bod .d;.t-OOi Yllyu - la" v. CUI'. - myl. -)'tlyiJ two a yn,!Jbi-1KJ the promoter of the ooDTonion piece. - fll!Jj,-lddb twofold, double, v. ldab. of Tibet (the special S••iour of Tibet, II - f1'!JM-,l,iil 'drinking twice', the it were), A'II'lI.lokit.cswara, frq.; applied to elcplulDt. - m1l,a - pa I. the second. 2. lllinS's: remedy, means, expedien4 antidote, hiving two, possessed of two, e.g. "'go. ndd-lafMJ-hu,. b1JM-pai"/1lym-po &S!Iistnnu fll!!i,- po, bllViolo:: t\\'o heads. two-headed; in curiog malndies (e.g. medicine, diet etc.) lliso double-tongue<l, deceitful W. 3. having J.l/ed.; dd m!Jbt-p AS It. remedy for TltfJY., doubts, doubting(?) IVtln.- rny(a-pcHhe two, frq.; (alA mi fa-pai J'1Iyin-por lxlth(v. llbove). - m!Jia-mM v. Leginning as a remedy for heiplessDeM in acquiring of this article. - myu-"d:dn prob. the slate a certain object, i.e. direction or iuslrttc- oebeing affected or inftuenced by contrary tion how to obtain it TIIgy.; rn!Jin-po t!lings: doubt, unsteadiness, wavering Gir.; rsd,j.ha mysterious belpers, or soW'Ccs of f1lyi.-..d::in ltd-ba prob. to look upon two good (relative to fetish-like object.! frq.) thingsl\Sdiffcring,tothinkthemdifferentNI1. _·S. (4.: 'ynym-po adYer.lll.ry, antagonist, rn!Jug-mu. C,. natural, opp. to enemy; eontmry, opposite, adverse'; &1..: ..... bCd8 11Ia artificial, henee (&11.) ',nyen-p<tr rtin1Ja to adhere to the ceunler - dmn-nla; Lu.l. - m innate, peculiar. party'; Lu.l. ha"e 'Ipd,i-/)yai m!Jl:n-po' a It occurs in Lhe el;prcssions: uWI'm!JUg- rn!Jin-po to be shunned,e:lplaining fJIyin-po ma, and ynylig-mai sem.s Mil; ynyug-mai by JIf"'ftlf'( (prob. to be corNXlted into ll1f) ye-U' Mil.; ; nYUfJ-1lwi don J.l/il. and Lu.; opponent, adversary. Sure proofs of this sig- flIa-lKdI m!JU!f"'"Iai lidli-du ..dril, Ilerh.: is nification of m!Jm-po 1seldom met with in. dissolved into the unereat.ed primordial literature, but Lewin mentions some instan- existence Mil. Our Lama explained it dif- ce5 scarcely to be doubted. - 4. i. o. mnyen ferentJy in different passages, and was not and brnyen. CAlrlnin of the true meaning of the word. Compo helper, Crq. !nl/Uit.-dkdr rape-seed for press- - po. -)'7Iybi, rna -)'tiP a relation on ....,"" mg oil; but cr. nylui-ma. tbe father's side, on the mother's side u. - betl-)'1l1JCn friend, esp. spirituAl frieJIcl, yn1Jul.ba - n!JUl-ba. v. bU,. _ )'7Iyen-grd. (Sc/d), )'tIycn-..brii, m!Jc- ba, Gir. also m!JtO, 60, ·nyen -1lui -1"'. IV. relations, esp. of 1be a wooer, eourter. same blood; J'1I!JC'I-sdi, f'Jl!Jtn-6d,., 'jnyro- ynye-ma the twisted part of the .rid Nil. id., col. - 'Yftyen-"dUft l. &".: . colon or great gut, Ned. and col. 'eoneord, harmony, amongst kinsmen', in (&/1. erron.: rectum). which sense it seems to be u8Cd in 819': rn!Jt7l, resp. d.·tI-yn!Jin 1. kinsman, m!Jffl-..dlln zdd-pa yin this 1,tu1l1ony ceases. relalive, b!Jdms-pai m.lJt1I lo\·ing re- Z. relations, po. yari 'lUI !lin, r'i!ft'l'-.dil,. mi,. lations, frq.; rn!Jin-lu b!Ja",,-l'<' byld-pa neitJlerfather nor relations TItgy.-pYM- to love one'5 relath'es; ,.np-ggi I{I!/,if/. zid prob.: qualified, fit for matrimonial 111(), '!lyVg-mo M n degree of relntionship "Ilillnee (as to birth e:.e.), !"!Jbl-"Ila_ k!laJi Lu.; mgt" b1JN- po. to become related, lied "gya-nd9-pai )'tIp-:ld yin-pa, as )"e or ,,!lied, by marriage D::l. - 2. gen. Tibetans may enter into connubial cen· ,nybl_po helper, friend, assistant, esp. spiri- nexiou witb us Chiue!!e Glr.; in a ooncrete tually: rY!lud m!Jbi"11O y1Ji"'1J!l4 match, fllp-:ld ",a ,."yId- D) 194 ' ynyer-ba mnydm-pa kyis Dzl. ?$, 14; Kyod dan ynyen-zld min I am not allied with you by marriage, with you I am not on terms of affinity. - ynyen-sdl (?) reconciliation C. ynyen- bse's relatives and friends, also separately: Jcyod-la ynyen med bses kyan med Mil. ynyer - ba c. accus. to take pains with, to take care of, to provide for, to try to get; to procure, to acquire, ynyer byed-pa id.; as a sbst. Tar. 165, 22: the procurer, provider Schf.; gen. in conjunc- tion with don in various ways, as: bdag don zig ynyer - te as I have to look after a business Dzl. 3?, 7; don ynyer-ba to earn money; don-du ynyer-ba c. accus., rarely c. dat. : to provide for, to strive to procure, nw don-du ynyer-ba to endeavour to make money, frq.; yo-bydd don-du ynyer -ba- mams people who desired to have goods Tar. 169, hence don-ynyer exertion, effort, zeal, don-ynyer cen-po dgos great exertions are necessary Mil. ; in this sense prob. also Tar. 4, 8 : earnest exertion (in investigating) ; don-ynyer byed-pa c. la to study, investigate (a thing) Glr.', don- ynyer-can \. zealous, painstaking. 2. Sch. also : liked, welcome, mgron a welcome guest. - dkon- ynyer Tan 183, 21, Schf.: ad- ministrator of valuable property; ace. to others: the first secular functionary of a ytsug - lag - Kan , about the same as bailiff (steward) of a convent, = lha-ynyer Georgi Alph. Tib. (in an edict) ; also the manager of the daily sacrifices (dgon-ynyerf); slob- ynyer a student, cos-slob-ynyer a religious scholar (a student of theology) Mil, slob- ynyer gdn-du bgyis where did you study? Mil. -- ytad- ynyer byed-pa to trust (a person with), to intrust (a thing to) Glr. ; ced-du ynyer-ba, and rjes-su ynyer-ba v. ced. -- ynyer -Ka attention, care, ynyer-Ka byed-pa ccg. to pay attention to, attend to, take care of Pth.', ynyer-Ka ytdd-pa to commit (a thing) to a person's charge, to put a person in trust of Glr. ynyer- pa farm-steward, in convents etc. ynyer- bydtl prob. = ynyer-tfa. ynyer-fmn store- room, store-house, (if under the charge of a special ynyer-pd). OT?X"3T y n y^ r - ma a fld of the skin , wrinkle Med. ; ynyer-ma rens-pa Oyyur the wrinkles are made straight, are smoothed Stg.\ ynyer - ma - can wrinkled; Kro - ynyer (M^fH) a frown, a severe or angry look v. Hro-ba\ ynyer-ba to wrinkle, sna - gon ynyer - ba to knit the brows, to frown Pth. * ynyel-ba mnyel-ba Sch. ynyog-pa\n desire, to wish earnestly Cs. v. snyog-pa. CTSc- ynyod strength, durability, stoutness of cloth etc., C. and W., ynyod -can strong; ynyod-cun, ynyod-med weak; Lex. lus ynyod - curt a weakly body or consti- tution. ynyod -pa to draw, stretch, strain C., W. ^oj. mnyan C. boat, skiff, wherry; mnydn- ' pa boat-man, ferry-man. mnydn-pa 1. = nydn-pa Dzl. etc. 2. v. mnyan. mnyan~yod, 3TR^t> a town in the northern part of Oudh. * mnyam v. the following word, ^W) co1- *nydm-po*, 1. like, alike, equal, same,mnydm- po yod they are alike, equal, not differing, col.; with dan, seldom with the termin., lha dan mnydm-pa yod they are like unto the gods Pth., Glr.; zlum-por mnydm-pa roundish Sambh. ; rigs mnydm-pa of equal birth, rank Dzl. ; dus mnydm-pa contem- porary, simultaneous, frq. mnydm-par gyur- ba to become equal, to be equal Dzl. - 2. even, level, flat, lag-mfil Itar mnydm-pa flat like the palm of the hand Glr. and elsewh.; mnydm-pa (or -par) byed-pa to make even or level, to even, to equalize Dzl. ; to divide equally; sems mnydm-pa imperturbation, evenness of mind, not to be affected by kindness or the reverse; sems mnydm-par ^joy-pa to compose the 1lH k!1li Dzl. 14.; fyod dOli myen-::ld min I lUll not allied with you by marriage, with you I am not on terms of affinity. - rnycrHdl (?) reconciliation G: - ynyen- bUs relatives u.nd friends, also separately: JiyOO-la f1l1Jl!1l med bAtS kywi mid 11lyer - Va c. aC<lus. to take pains with, to take care of, to provide for, to Iry to get; to procure, to acquire, rnyer b!Jkl-pa id.; as a shst. Tal'. 165, 22: the procurer, provider &Jif.; gen. in conjune-- tion with don in various ways, as: &kg dfNt zig myer - It 1 ha\'c to look after a business Dzl. :r-', 7; {wn ynyh - ba to cum money; Jon - du m!Jb'-ba c. tl.ccus., rarely c. dat.; to provide for, to strive to procure, 1l0r dOll-JU ynJj&-lJa to cndClwour to make money. frq.; yo - bydd ddn - du )'nyir - ba - rnams people who desired' to have goods Tal'. 169, hence don - ynytT exertion, effor4 zeal, don-rniFr Wi-po dgQ3 great exertions are necessary Mil.; in this senso proh. also Tar. 4, 8: earnest exertion (in investigating); don-plfJfT byc(J.pa c. la to study, investigate (8 thing) Gll'.; don· rnyeNYm I. zealous, painstaking. 2. &11. also: liked, weloome,mgr<>na welcome guest. .- dkon.ynyf:r Tar. 183,21, Schf.: ad- ministraoor of valuable property; ace. to others: the first secular functionary of a rw,g· lag - fmi, about the same as bailiff (steward) of a convent, = llw.·rnller Georgi Alph. Tib. (in an edict); also the mlUlngcr of the daily sacrifices (dgon·rnllf:r1); !lalr rnyel' a student, a religious scholn.r (a student of theology) Mil, !lolJ.. )'flyer gan-du bgyis where did you study? Mil. - rtad. rn!Jf:r byid· ptl 00 trust (a person with), to intrust (a thing 00) Gir.; r'Cd·du )'1lyer-ba, und ljb·su )'1l.ljf:r.ba v. ·ted. - myf:r-fa attention, care, ynyt:r-Ila b!JCd. pa CCf/. to pay attention to, altend 00, take care of Pth.; r11yir -lia rtM. pa to commit (a thing) to a person's charge, to put a person in trust of Gil'. - mY&- pa farm.steward, in convents etc. - ynyir- bydi. prob. _ - f"!y(,l'.t,uli store- room, store.house, (if under the charge of n special yrt!]ir-pa). )'1l!Jf:r-ma a fold of the skin, wrinkle Ned.; rnllc/"ma I"bis.pa o!J.lj1tl" the wrinkles nre mnde straight, are smoothed Sty.; )'1l!JI.:/'. 11/1,1,. tan /fro· rnyCr (Ww) a frown, severe or angry look v. /(ro-btl; ynyer..{)a to wrinkle, 90.. PI!!';'. ba to knit the hrows, to frown l'tIJ. rnyll-ba = mnyif..ba 5th. ttM·'f rnydy-pa to desire, to wishelU"Destly v. sny6!J.pa. f1lyad strength, durability, stoutness of cloth etc., G and W:, rll.,jM. cmt strong; [nyod-ciui, rnyod·'IIlCtl weak; Le,t. lus rnyod- CtiJi a weakly hody or consti. tution. }'1lyQI1. pa to draw, stnltch, strain c., W. '1IInyan C. boat, skiff, wherry; mn.yun-- pa boat-rolUl, ferry-mM. mnyun-ptl 1. - nyun-pa Dd. et('. - 2. v. mnyan. mnyan-!fOd, a oown in ""\ the northern part of Oudh. mnywlI V. the following word. . (»).. • mnyam-pa l11l" co. nytlm-po, 1. like, alike, equal, same, mnyam,- po gOd they R.!'(lulike, equnl, not differing, 001.; with dWi, seldom with the tCfDlin., lila dwi nl1lyum·pa yod they are likc unto the gods ptJt., Gll'.; ::ium-pcl/' mnydm-pa roundish Salllbh.; ''19$ nmyam-Ilu of eqllul birth, ronk D::Lj dW$ 'I1wyam-pa contelll- porary, simultllneous, frq.ntnyum·pal" 9yur- ba to become eqll:l.l, to be equal D::i. - 2. even, level, flat, la9-mfilltm' mnydm-ptl flat like the p::tlm of the hand Glr. nnd elsewh.; mnydm.pa (or .pm·) byM.pa 00 make even 01' level, to evell, to equalize D::i.; to divide equally; Mnts mnydm-pa impertul'bation, e"enncss of mind, not to be affected by kindness or the reverse; SC/>l' flwydfll-par J0!l·!'a to the mnyt'd-pa mind to perfect rest, for meditation, fr<|.: /iniyiiiii-fiii abyor-ba id. (?) mny<iin-du adv. (col. *nydm-po*y c. dan: together with, in company of, bld-ma dan nydm-du Or//v//.s </>/.s-.w/ Mil. ; nm (/ait tnnydm-du a-ba V'//////.; col. *im <l<tit nydm-po soy* or merely *nydm- po soy* come along with me! *nyam son- te* going along with; nyi-ma sdr-ba <l<n'i mnydm-du with the rising sun Mil. ; col. *(Jul ilat'i nydm-po* in walking, ambulando; *fen dan nydm -po* in taking it away (it \vas broken); *Kur-pa nydm* (to send some- thing) by (with) a cooly. mnyam-med, mnyam-brdl unequalled, matchless; mi iinii/dm-pa I. unequal, '2. uneven. pyag (or lag) ynyis mnydm-bzay-tu yod-pa both hands laid together on the stomach, mnydm- />:(>(/ pydy-ryya-can id. mnyam-pa-nyid, - equality, parity; impartialityjustice. mnyed-pa, pf. and imp. mnyes, fut. mnye, W, col. *mnyo-ce*, 1. to rub, between the hands or feet, e.g. ears of corn ; one's body Tar.; esp. hides, hence to tan, curry, dress; ko-ba mnyes-pa a tanned hide , dressed leather ; *sed dan nye - ce* W. to rub in or into with force. 2. Cs. also: to coax. innyen-pa, W. *nyen-mo*, flexible. pliable, supple ; soft, smooth, of the voice frq. ; of the mind Dzl. ; mnyen-par bycd-pa to make soft, smooth, flexible, ^yur-ba to become soft, of the skin etc. Med. ; mnyen - mnyel - ba to make soft by tanning Sc/i. -- mnyen-mnyes y sin -pa to caress, to fondle Sch. mnyel-ba 1. also ynyel-ba, to tan, to dress (hides) Sch. -- 2. resp. for ndl-ba to get tired J*f/t. mnyes-pa, resp. for dyd-ba, in more recent writings and col. for the tlt/yt'x-l>a of ancient literature, to be glad, to take delight in, ccd. -. to be willing, to wish, often with fugs ; mnyes-par l>i/<'(l-i>a to make glad, to give pleasure; e.g. to the king by presents Glr., to Buddha by worshipping him Glr. mnyes-bsm-pa Lftr.r., Sch.: to love much; to be rejoiced :it. 195 mny6-mnyo-can W. fondling, petting, pn'i-'in-l a child. rnift'i-ln, uni/ii-ln. several wild- growing species of Polygonum Med. mydn-ba C*. = bxdl-bu, to rinse: H to suffer diarrhoea, myan-ndd diar- rhoea; rnydn-pa diarrhetic stool; rnyd/i- ma, jrnydn-ma id., ni f. arp-'xr' myan-niyi/'t, worn-out clothes, raqs CT V> / ' " O5. &3T myan = ynyan wild sheep, argali. myab-mydb-pa to seize or snatch together Sch. myas, sometimes used for brnyas. iu, nyin-nu* (cf. v rnyon) \ . snare, for catching wild animals, myi Odzug-pa to lay snares, also fig. --2. trap, pur-myi mouse-trap (con- sisting of a flat stone supported by a little stick (pur-pa). 3. net Sch. (?). t'nyin-pa old, ancient, of things, e.g. clothes, y&ar-rnyin new and old; mdr-gyi yi-yc myiti-]><i-rnams ancient re- cords Glr.; brda-myin the ancient ortho- graphy Zam. ; Lo-myin = na-nin last year Wts. ; dra/t-sron rnyiit-pa the old rishi, i.e. the well-known, of long standing, opp. to a new - comer Dzl. myin - ba vb., pf. brnyins, to grow old, yos brnyiits old clothes, lham bmyiiis old shoes Lc.r.; rnifiii-lntr ^gyur-ba id.; myin-bar hi/ed-pa to wear out or away in a short time Dzl. ^r-ir my Hi- ma y n. of the most ancient sect of Lamas, clothed in red, v. Kopp. ; Schl. 72 ; rni/in-ma-pa one belong- ing to this sect. tj-.jM- myid-pa, pf. bmyidy (byrnyis, fut. ' ijnyid, 1. to wither, to fade, also fig. 2. to grieve, (vb. n.) Sch. ", 5^* myil, 'W/AA *"-'*w.'/'A the gums. rnyil-l>a v. c -j' rni/i'd-pa I. vb., pf. brnt/cil, brnyts, y ^ fut brnyed, (^R?) to get, obtain, ac- quire; to meet with, find. />' .. ' .. tV,, , ,,dn- mind to perfect rest, for mcditution, frcl'; IlIIly«m_pa Wydr-b« id. (I) - n"'yu"Hlu IIUV. (col. "1l!J1i1ll1J1.") c. dmj: tORctlJer with, ill cumpnny of, bid-fila dUl' lI!Jdm-du o!I''OIJ1' Mil.; 1/10 (/(1" mnydm.dll"e{-ba 1'lIgy.; col. ",jCI (tali 1Iyum-lll')'Qlj" or merely 'fly/lm- ]'0 'Of.! cOllie along willi me! '1I!J01/I so/i- tl' going lliong with; "!li.,M lidr·ba du.i nHlydm-(11I witb tile rising sun Mil.; col. '(lui du,i llyum-]!()" in walking, lIlIlbulando; ·(en dmi 71.ydm -po. in taking it away (it WIlS broken); ·/lUI'-}!O llydm· (to send some- tiling) by (with) " cooly. - 1/IIl!lllm-'IIlM, 1ml}jam .. ural unequnlled, matchless; flii m11yom1)(1 l. ullequnl, 2. uneven. - Jlyug (or log) myis IImyam-/):ug_tu hoth bands laid together on the stomach, ,mWffm- b:ug id. - lllt1yulIIiJa-nyid, equality, pnrit)·; imllnrt.iality,justiee. l1m!JM.-pa, pf. nnd imp. tlln!p8, fut. nm!J!:, W. col. ·nm!Jo.U·, I. to rUb, bet"'een the hnnds or feet., e.g. ears of corn; olle's body Tar.; hides, hence to tan, curry, dress; I.:d - ba tlmye8 - po. a tftnned hide, dressed lenthel'; ·it!d da,i n/l_ ¥' W to rub in or into with force. - 2. C". aho; to coax. 5.t];a=J· IIlnyin-pa, W: flexible, F\ pliable, supple; soft, smooth, of the \'oiee frq.; of the mind D::l.; mnylll.p'''' b!Jhl- pa to make soft, Sntooth, flexible, o!!!flir-ba to become soft, of the skia etc. M«l.; J/lnye>l- m11!JN - b{I to mnke soft by bUllins: &11. - m11ye>'-?llIlyes rMn-,m to Cllrcss, to fondle &11. I. also to tan, to dress (hides) &h. - 2. resl'. for il(il-ba to get tired HI.. mllyI8'pa, resI'. for (/9ri-ba, in more recent writings nnd col. for tbe (ly.lJll-pa of ancient literature, to be glad, to take delight in, ccd.; to be willing, to wish, often witlt (lIg,; 1111l.'JI8.pa,. b!JM-pa to make gbd, to gil'e pleasure; e.g. to the king by presents Gk, to Buddhl\ by worshipping IJim Glr.-mll!Jrs-/)Shl-pa &/1.: to 101'(' mudl; to be rejoiced M.:i I' 195 mny<l-""nyo.tan IV, fcmdling, petting, l""'-flu-Ia a child. ...·ar f.l'i:f rnyu-lo, 'll!j(i-lo, Kyeral "'ild- '9 , .., gro1\'ing !lpecies of PolygollulJi MNI. 7'1lyd,j-ba •. - bW-bo., to rinn; lY. to suffer duurhoell, rt,ywt-mill diar- rhoea; rn!Jdli-po. diarrhetic 8tool; mo., T1lydn-ma id., ni f. r1IyUli- rn .'liii, worn-out clothes, rags C•. rnyan - my"'1 wild Ilheep, argali. ;.q·;:.'::I'.::r to seize orsnateh .., .,,' together Sen. l'TlJJm, sometimes for Vrnyo•. to· rnyi, 8nyi, W. -1/.'1iu, 11y1,j-liu- (cf. .., r1Iyo.i) I. snare, for catching wild nnimllls, my; "d':ug-pa to Ill}' snAres, also fig. - 2. trap, fritr-nl!Jl' mousc·tmp (con- sisting of A flat stone supported by a little stick (pur-pa). - 3. net Se/,. (?). t'C::'=J' n'!p,i-pa old, of things, e.g. clothes, (WI'- nl!Jili new and old; yl-gt r1Iy(,i-ptI-lTlQlM nncient re- cords Gir.; ["'da"'-"!J;'; the nncient ortho- graphy Zam.; kJ-1'Tlyi1/ - 11a-m1i last }'eI'f \rtf.; dI'Qli..r'lb, myt;'-pa the old rishi, i.e. the well-known, of long opp. \0 a new· comer D::l. - ,",Igill - ba vb., pf. [,,71.'1;118, togrow old, IJf1ly;"8 old clothes, '/'a711 brnyiiu old shoes Lu.; nl!Ji;'. bar dI.IfU,··ba id.; I'Ilyiil_bar \0 ,,'car out or l\Wl\)' in l\ short time D:L 171!J"i.ma, u. of the nl06t Ancient .., sect of Lamps, clothed in red, ,'. Kopp.; ScM 72; rtl!Jill-lIla-pa one belong- ing to this sect. ''1lyfd-pa, pf. brll,lfl<i, (b)rIl1Jf', fut '9'1 !l'lyid, I. to wither, to fade, ,,1:;0 fig. _ 2, to grieve, (vb. D.) Sell. "'!JiI, 8IH·ll!,.I, the gums. l'tlyfi-JJa Y. IIlgil.lm. i"...=J. "".r/M-pll J. ,·b., pf. brll!J«l, bl'll!JN. .., 1 fut. [,,'t1ytlI., to gel, obtain, IC- quire; to meet with, find, n, C., frq.; gtiil- 196 rnyog-pa nas <rnyed where did you get that? Dzl., also: whence shall I get it? Dzl.] mi rnyed-du mi ritn-no it must be got or pro- cured by all means Dzl. ; nas rnyed I ob- tain; rnyed-par dkd-ba 7^fo difficult to be obtained, found, or met with, frq. ; sdug- bsndl dan bsdos-te cos rnyed-pa to purchase the acquisition of religion by suffering tor- tures Dzl. ; zas dan skom ma myed-de hav- ing nothing to eat or to drink, frq.; don myed-pav.don; da ni re-ba rnyed-do now my hopes are realized Dzl. ; gri rnyed-pas as he found a knife Dzl\ skabs rnyed-pa to find an opportunity Dzl.] btsdl-na yan ma rnyed-de not finding it in spite of every search Dzl, (W. *fob-ce*). II. sbst. <5fTO profit, gain, acquisition, property, goods, rnyed-pa mdn-po rnyed-pa (or *fob - ce**) to gain much profit; bdag rnyed-pa dan Iddn-na mi dga if 1 have got some earnings, he envies me for them ; often in conjunction with grdgs-pa and similar expressions : riches and honour. - rnyed sdu-ba, myed-pa prog-pa Sch.: to make booty, to plunder. myed-bkurLex., prob. riches and honour. -- rnyed-nor v. fob-nor. myog-pa (cf. nyog-pa") vb., pf. brnyogs, fut. brnyog, 1. to trouble, to stir up C's. also adj.: thick, turbid. *cu nyog-pa* W. 2. to rub one's self, kd- ba-la against a pillar Dzl. (snyog-pa). - *nyog(;-pa)-can, nyog-po* 6'., troubled, tur- bid, dirty; myog-pa med-pa clear, limpid, mfso Wdn. rnyog-ma dirty, muddy water; mud, mire, rnyoy-ma-can muddy, miry. rn yogs Lt. ? rnyogs - fsdd a disease Mod. my on seems to be the same as rnyi Lexx. \rnyon-ba, pf. btwyons, fut. brnyon 1. Cs. : 'to ensnare, entrap'. - 2. Sch. : 'to stretch out'. I met with rnyon in the fol- lowing expressions, not satisfactorily to be explained either by 6s. or by Sch. : rkdn- pa rnyon Lex. ; dku ma rnyons Lex. ; lus rnyon-ba S.g. ; frq. ; yyal-myons S.g. ; mgul- rgydb zug dan rnyon S. g. ; rnyons - fsdd Mng. snydn-pa snya-ndn v. ynya-ndn. * snyd-lo v. myd-lo. sn ydg-pa, col. for snyeg-pa; also in Mil. snyags Lex. w.e. ; C. = dbyans music, harmony. jr- snyad malicious or false accusation or v ' imputation, snyad O dzug-pa (W.*tsug- ce*) to bring in an action against, to pro- secute; *nyad du-ce* W., *nye' ko-wa* C. id., esp. to irritate, to provoke another, by accusations; snyad Oddgs-pa id. Glr.; snyad Oddg-pa, W. *ddg-ce* to clear one's self of an accusation, to refute it; snyad byed-pa c.dat. to use as a pretence or pretext Glr.', *nye' co 1 (or ce^) tdn-wa* C., *nyad-se tdg- ce* Ld. to weary another by too great punctiliousness, ni ; *nor-nydd co-ce* W. to extort money by false accusations, la from; snyad med-par without cause, pre- tence, or provocation Thgy. ; *nydd-zer-can* W. one that makes false accusations. snydd-pa, pf. and fut. bsnyad, imp. snyod, to relate, to report, e.g. lo- rgyus a story Pth., rmi-lam a dream Dzl.; ytam snydd-pa 1. to speak, state, inform, give notice (W. *hun tdn-ce**). 2. Cs.: 'to rehearse' (?). r* snyan 1. resp. the ear, rgydl-poi snydn- ' du fos it came to the king's hearing Glr.; snydn-du zus or bijod they told or informed him Pth.; snydn-du zun listen, pay attention, give ear to! Pth.; snydn- du put they sang to him or before him (lit. they made him hear) Mil (cf. sub snydn-pa)] snydn-(gijis) ysdn-pa to hear Mil. ; snyan -ysdn bebs-pa to give ear to one, to hear one Cs. ; *nyen-zu O bul-wa* C. to address a superior, to apply to him; snyan - kun the ear-hole; snyan- dbdn the organ of hearing 6s.; snyan-sdl the lap or tip of the ear 6's. ; snyan - prd zu - ba to slander, mi mi-la to calumniate one per- son to another. 2. = ynyan argali. ga ? ' snydn-pa ^nn - sst< renown, glory, fame, praise, rumour, Ky6d-kyi 100 _ my«} where did you Jet that? D::J., also: whence shall I get it? 1>:1.; ",i 7'7Iyid-d. ..m nUi-Jio it. must be got or pro- cured by all meaDS Du.; rnYftl I ob- tain; rnyid-par dkd-hc diffieuh 10 be oowned, fODOd, or met wiu., frq.; o..til doli; &. nlyid_pa to plll'thftM: the acquisition of religion by liuB'ering tor- tures Dzl.; ZIU dail '*om ma rllybl-de hav- ing nothing to eRt or to drink, frq.; dOli myid-pa v.dem; da 7li rl-ba f'7l!Jid-dO now my hopes are realized Du.; !lri ""yed-plU M be found a knife D:1.; 1Irah. rn!Jid-pa to find an opportunity D:l. j blIdl-na yali "'II N1yid4 not finding it in spite of evel)' search IkJ.., (1V. ·tob-h). II. sbit. lin{ profit, gain, acquisition, property, goods, myld-pu tNdli-po m!J«l-p4 (or ·(06 - to gain milch profit; MIA!! ntyld_pa daN ldaJl-Jla Wi; aga if 1 have got lOme earnings, he envies me for them; often in ConjgDCtion ""ilh !f"ti!J3 - pa and similar expressions: riches nv.d honour. _. r1lgM Idil-ba, myM_pa tfr6g.pa Seh.: to wilke booty, to plunde!'. - f1I!1td-bl..-urLu., prob. riches nnd honour. - 'I'1lycd-nfJr I', fob-nOr, r1Iydg_pa (d. lIy6g-pa) ,·b., pf. brR!JO!l', fut. bn/!JOg, I. to trouWe, 10 .tir lip also adj.: thick, turbid. °tu "yOg-po.. w: - 2. to rvb une's self, hi- ba-lo against a pilla.r Dd. ('1I!Jdg-pa). _ ·1I!f6g{-po)-hl1l, llyOg-fH'° C.. troubW, tur- bid, dirty; W1id-fKJ clear, limllid, fff(1O lVd... - TJI!Jd!r-'mD din)", muddy water; mud, Illite, rny6y-mIJ-to.n muddy, miry. rN!JOfII Lt.' 1"II!JOfII- (.u.d a diseast Mol. rnywi seems to be the lIalne fLS ,."yi LU.E.;11IyOiI_ba, pf,brnyoil., fut. brny(»i l. Q.; 'to ensnare, ent.nlp'. - 2. &1,.: 'to stretch out'. 1 met with rtIyoil in the fol- lowing e:s:pressions, no' stlusfnctorily to be eJplaiueU eithcr by l.i. or b)' $clr.: rl:u..._ ptJ myoH La.; ell... "(I rtIlJOQ La.; llU rRy6iHHJ. 81/.; frq.; 'f!ItJ1-rwyJif. 81/.; tngJJ.l- rYNlib :lIg dlJJi rnyo.. 8'9'; T7tY""'- (Mid MJig. f("F' mya-'ltbi 1". f71ya-tldJi. 'NyJ-1o v. ntyd.Jo. mydg-ptJ, 001. for myly-pa; also in Mil. m!JU!J3 La.w.e.; C.-dbya,;, wusic, .') 1- barmony. myad malitio... or labe acculaUon or imputation, myad .iku!f1JIJ (lV. 0/aug_ a-) to bring ill an action against, to pro- secute; °nyad Ijil-h- lV., °n/p' ('. id., elip. to irrilAte, to provoke another, by accusations; myad id. Gir.;.nyoJ oddg-pa, w: °dilg-uo w dear one', self of an kew;a.tion, to refote it; m!JtUl byid--pn c.da!. to use Q a pretence or pretext GIr.; O"y,' (or l':t') tdlt-tc.- C., o.yad..,i Iu.tr U' Ld.. to "eary another b}" too gnot punctiliOUSlless, ni (; °nor-nyOO (6..«' lV. to uton mOD<l)' by false aceosations, fa from; .nyad "tid--pnr without cause, pre- tence, or provocation T"!JlJ.;·nyad-U7'--((lno one thnt makes false accusations. f.l'-';:J' nl!Jdd-ptJ, pc. and Cut. 63l1!Jud, imp. .') '"!}OO, 10 relate, to report, C. g. to- 'Y'JUa II. story Ptn., rmi-lam a dream D:l.; ftam ,"ydd-ptJ I. to speak, state, inform, gi"e notice (lV. -Jilln tali-i':?). '? (i.: 'to rebCN'lle' ('I). f1I:JtJ. 1. reip. lJle ear, 1'f/ydl-poi #I!Jd•• .., dw (at it came to the king's hearing GIr.; ."yci1l_du hi.a or tn;od they told or in.fonned him PtA.; rnym. -d. ;:iUf pay give ear to! Ptlr.; n.,ydll_ d. fnd they WIg to him or before bim (lit. the)' made him henr) Mil.. (cf. 8ub ,",yan-pa); ,nydn-(syia) pdn-pa to hear Mil.; myan-rsdn lHba-pa to give ear to one, 10 hear one C•. ; .bul-wa.° G to ruldress a superior, W IIpply to h.im; .nyan - A:vli the ear-hole; nlyan-dbdil the organ of bearing Q.; the lap or tip of the enr C,.; myan - frd zli - ba to slander, ""i mi-l. to cnJumniate ooe per- 80D to another. - 2. - J'"!Jtffl argali. .llyU1I-pa l. sbst. renown.. ."", .... praiIe, I"UIIOlIr, flJdd-fyi 197 <;very part of the world rings with thy praise; dt-'i >////<;//- IHI r ; /i/<i/t-ti<ts f,,* Mil. liis praises are heard far and wide; <V.s d< : i sHi/thi-jin />/)<></-,'/',', thus speaking praisingly of him Mil. : gfc. pai tini/<in-f>a-la rtin-nas owing to a ru- mour of this purport Mil.] ces snydn-pa dan grdgs-pa ?en-po byun so was said far and near Mil.\ del snydn-du to his praise Mil. (c-f. viyan). 2. adj., W. *nydn-po*, well-sounding, sweet to hear, of voice, words etc.; *fsar-ndh-la nydn-po* W. pleasant to the ear; also: dge-sl6n dbyans rdb-tu snydn- pa a monk having a \vell-sounding voice Dzl.', fsig snydn-par with pleasant words Dzl\ snydn-pai fsig-gis\A.\ low, not loud; snyan-skdd also C.: elegant, well-sounding, poetical language; mi snydn-pa 1. unhar- monious; 2. offensive, insulting, yanzigbddy- la rtsod-tin mi-snydn-brjod he who in a dis- pute says to me insulting words; mi-snydn- par zer-ba ddn-du len-pa to put up with, to pocket offensive remarks. 3. lamentable, skud mi snydn-pa zer-ba to utter lament- able cries, plaintive tones, also of animals, Dzl. ; ytam-snydn(-pa) \ . good, joyful news, glad tidings, bycd-pa to bring them DzL, Mil. '>. a pleasing talk, conversation 6s. (?) - snyun-grdgs v. grdgs-pa. snyan-rgyud oral instruction of the Lamas, = bka-rgyud. - xni/an-(d)ndg(i) v. nag. 3. vb. to praise, extol, glorify, stod-biii snydn-jxir grdgs-te he extolled him in songs of praise Dzl. (?) snydb-pa to smack with the lips Sch. sn y am -pa 1. vb. to think, suppose, fancy, imagine, bddg-aty riii-po-ce btan (better: ytan} snydm-mo we think w r e shall give jewels Dzl. #A% 16.; na Iceb dgos snydm-nas thinking, I must seek death (v. 1Mb -pa) Pth.\ yon- tan dan (d<ht-j><ti- snydm-ste fancying to be possessed of ex- cellent qualities DzL - - 2. sbst. thought, sense, mind, feeling, cos byds-na sni/dm-pu ydn - gin yda (cf. na III., 2) we have a mind to renounce the world Mil.] simi- larly: ^jigs-so snydm-pa yod re-skdn I am far from any thought of fi-ur .I///.: mo.st frq. snydin-du f/nanut he thought in hm miod; sniiani-biinl: /;,//, *n</<i ,-/,,/,',/ I ,/ though one may imagine that it will help .!/./ : arises a feeling like that of nausea, like that of being beaten, of being (tightly) wrapt up, Med. J* snyi v. rnyi. sy 1. adj., also my I -bo, *nyi-mo, myin-po 6s., *nyin-tf W., soft smooth. to the touch; tender, delicate, of the skin; easily broken or injured; loose, crazy, not durable, not strong or stout, of cloth. ropes etc.; not hard or tough, tender, of meat, rendered so by beating or boiling. - 2. sbst. softness. - 3. n. of a plant. SJ'SJQT W^fjW corn of luxuriant growth ^ Sch.(?) cv^ T<T snyi-ma prov. for snye-ma ; also Glr. stiyi-yan-ka-tya , and 8nyi-#an- yur-rta, names of mountains in Nepal. snyigs-pa degenerated, grown worse 6s. snyigs-ma (cfiMKj) 1- impure sediment, mdr-ayi in butter; </<//;.s myigs Jbyed-pa to separate the clear (fluid) from the sediment Jl/!?</. -- 2. the degenerated age (iron age), prop. snyigs-(mai) dus. fr-. 8ny/i. (^gj) the heart 1. physically, also snyi it - /, s;^/// - ga, resp. Ty (-l-a); also the breast; 'nyiii-ka pdr-ra rag* W. I feel my heart palpitate; snyi it O ddr-zin cyul the heart trembles (with fear) Doniaii; bddg-gi It'ts-hyi snyiii Ittir yte* as dear to me as my own heart Glr. - 2. intellectually: the mind, sw///// </</</ -ha, xnyiit ftde-ha gladness, cheerfulness; snyiii dan mig j>rog-pa to transport, to ravi>h Sch. ; courage, snyiii ma cttit big be not afraid! sentiment, feeling, will, 'nyitisdg- po cd-te ma tag* W. I have not broken it wilfully; *Ka dan nt/i/i tiui dc - tt 1 * \V. hypocritical ; *nyin-sthn <//i-/>o* W. sine- candid; in a more general sense: snyi it yddn-gyis bsliis the heart is infatuated by ."yall_pel p!J09' /nil/' !I"OO' every part of thl' worltl riugs witlL lilY praise; dli '''!/fin- 1)(1 ryydiHlu, (01 Mil. !lis Iltllises IUC !Jeard f,U' and wide; c'" rM IlIgdll-pa br)dd-ti,j thus spc"kiDg IJrnisingly of him Mil.; 'Ct•• pal lIlydniJ«-la ,'tb,-nl1, owing to l\ tu- mOUf of tllis purport .Mil.; til I1l!Jali -]XI ,Iuli gni!!*_pa Cb"'110 '-'!luff so WPS said fnr IUld nent Mil.; de; 'IIYUlI-du to his prtlise Ali/. (cf. '"Y'l1l). - 2. adj., W: ·1l,1Jan-po'. wellolounding, sweet to heaf, of voice, words etc.; Il!fdn-po" ,v. Illensnnt to the eAr: IIlso: dge-l!.6,j doyal" rob-tu !1lydll- pll Il monk hlwing a well-sounding "oice D::I.; (,ig '!'.!fllll-par with !1!ensiUlt words Dd. j SlI1/dn-paJ f3ig-gU id.; tow, not loud; I'JlyulI--M:dd I\lso C.: elegnnt, well-sounding, poetical langUAge; 1/Ii Illyan-pa 1. unhar_ monious; 2. offensive, insulting, !fUJi zifJbddg- la rt36d-N,j mi-81Iydll-b,-jod be wljo in a dis- pute says to me insulting woros; mi-8l1yUlI_ par ::e,.-ba dd,i-du lin-pa to put up with, to pocket offensil'e remarks. 3. lumcnmble, ,I;ad mi 81l!Jdn-po ::&-ba to utler lament- cries, Illaintive tones, also of nnimnli:, D::l.; rtm11-8I1Ylhl(-pa) J. good,joyful news, glad b!ftV-pa to bring them D::l., Mil. 2. Il. plcnsillg talk, conversntion C,. (?) - 8/I.'Ju'Il-grd[J8 v. grufj8-pa. - ntyull_rgyltfl ornl instruction of the ].jnmtlS, _ b1m-rgylJlI. - 811!Jtl"-(ll)ftdg(.) v. 1;ag. - 3. vb. to praise, edol, glorify, .1&1- n,j .,tydtt _pa,. [lrtig.-te lie extolled him in songs of praise Dd. (1) ,nydb-pa to smack witli the li[ls .., Se!l. 'lI!Jdm-p<1 I. vb. to think, suppose, faney, imagine, bdag-cfl!! ri,i-po-'fe blUJi (betler: rtmi) sll!Jdm-mo we t1liuk: we sh.lI give jewels D=!. 16.; ,fa lCt'b dgot '/I!Jum-no, thinking, I Dlustseek deAth (v. Neb-I'a) [:>tI,.; ydtl-tmt dan lilrill-pu" 8t1!Jdm-8le fancying to be possessed of ex- ccllcut qunlities D=!. - 2. sbst. thought, sense, mind, feeling, c(If bydNlll 81l!l'im-pa ydl'- g;1l rda (d. 110. III., 2) we bare" mind to renounce the world simi- larly: "1.lJdm-pa yod re-!JltH I lUll fir from lIoy thought off(!ar Mil.; 1D00t ffll' II/yam-Il" Imull, he ill hi. wind; '".IJ1I1II-byNl; .,lYfll/l-b.'l't1 k!Jll;' tllOugll olle mlly imllKille that it will helll Mid.; d"Y"!J.l'l.I, [mlU/i., dJ.·n" .nYUI1l-bylit there nnses a feeling like llJat of naU5eIl, like toat of being b('lltCII, of being (tiglltly) wrapt up, Mcd. WUl!;! v. my;. W':r 'Tlyi.btl I. adj., also m!Ji-b6, myi_lIlI), u., ·n!pll-ft" W., soft, smooth, to the toUell; tender, delicate. of the s.kiD; easily broken or injured; loose, crazy. not durable, Dot strong I,r stout, of cloth, !'Opes etc.; Dot IInrd or tough, tender, of ment, rendered so by ucntillg or boiling. - 2. sbst. softness. - 3. n. of :l. plant. 81l.'Ji.pM com of IU:lUtinnt growtlJ .., '<i &h. (?) 8Il.'l;.nt« prov. for ,"ye-lIIa; also GIl'. El'+F'''T1" IIlyi-lJwi-J."U-tytl, lind .., .... flU" - rta, IJllmes of mOUDlltms iu Neplll. '"!Jig'-jJ4 degenerated, grown worse '9 C,. III!Ji[J8--ma I. impure sediment, 1/1(11' - 9.'li in "utter; dan. III.'Ji!fl ob.'JI.V-pa to sel'llrnte tlle c1enr (fluid) froll) t!le sediment Med. - 2. the degeuerftted age (iron nge), prop. 811yifp-('l1Im) (/u•• §:;c: 81lyi,j !he heart 1. IlhysiCll.Il)", '9 "Iso III!Jilj - 1m, m!Jin -9u, res!'. (u!fI (-A:a); also the breast; '''yilt_lm Ix;"-ra rag· IV. I feel my lle"rt plllpitAte; "'!Jii. .dd,.-zi,i o!fUl the beart tren,b!(!S (widl fear) Doman; bddg-gt' I",-A!!, ,"yi,; ltOI' y«- ll'! dear to me as my own l,e"rt Glr. - 2. intellectually: !he mind, myi,j (lgd-ba, lIl!Jili bdt-ba gladness, checrfulue;;s; .nyiM dail '/I/i{; oftt'dfl-pa to tl'llusport, 10 raYish &11.; courage, 811y11i JIln CuM ng be not !lfmid! sentimC'n1" feeling, will, ·H!Jl",;.g- ]XJ Cd_tt ma cag· W: I ha"e 1I0t broken it ..... ilfully; ·JlII do,j "giii fila - u· Jr. Ilypocriliea1; ·"!/l·';-IIffI Iltlli-l'0· !liueerc. candid; iu " more genernl sense: 'HyI" iYl61t-gJ/l" 61111' tile bellrt if infatuated b)' 198 snyin a demon Glr. ; even madness may be at- tributed to the heart Do. - - snyin - nets 1 . heartily, zealously, earnestly, e.g. looking for or to a thing Dzl. ; snyin fdg-pa-nas with all one's heart, most earnestly, devoutly, e.g. to say one's prayers Thgy. 2. actually, really, Kon snyin-nas mi Jbyin-ba yin really he does not sink! (the water actually bears him) Mil. 3. v. myih-po. Comp. and deriv. snyin-ku \. nyin-Ku. - snyin-Kdms courage Sch. - *nyin-tdg Kol* W. my heart's blood is boiling (with anger etc. ) snyin - dgd v. above. snyin-can courageous, spirited Ld. *nyin- cu zug* W. afflicted with dropsy in the peri- cardium, hydrocardia. -- snyin-rje, repp. fugs-rje (qp^r) kindness, mercy, compassion, mi-la snyin-rje sgom-pa to commiserate, to pity a person Mil. ; snyin-rjes fcydb-pa id. with respect to a great number of beings, to embrace with affection Dzl. ; snyin-rjes non-te overpowered by compassion; *nyin- ze fsor-ce* W. to have compassion ; snyin-rje- can, snyin-rje dan Iddn-pa compassionate, merciful Dzl. : snyin-rje- skad lamentation, a cry of compassion Dzl. ; snyin- rje -mo: 1 . Kyod snijin-rje-mo ran zig Odug you are much to be pitied Mil. 2. col: dearest, most beloved, amiable, charming : also snyin- rje for snyin-rje-mo, snyiti-rje mdzd-bo my poor little friend. -- snyin - nye - ba , col. *nyin nye-mo*, friendly, amicable, loving, affectionate; friend; friendship, snyin-nye bu- mo a woman connected by friendship with, a woman, the friend of (a sick person mentioned) Lt. snyin-ytam a confidential speaking, for exhortation, consolation, or encouragement; brtse-bai snyin-ytam affec- tionate exhortation Glr.; pdn-pai snyin- ytam useful admonition etc. Mil. snyin- stobs courage. snyin- dod-pa to wish, to desire, to long for, za-snyin- dod-pa to wish to eat, to be craving for food Thgy. ; Ogro- snyin - O dod - pa to wish to go. -- snyin- rdun-ba palpitation of heart Sch. *nyin dan (etymol. dubious) co-ce* W. ccd. to interest one's self for, to take an interest in. snyin-sdug W. liked, beloved; darling, snyin favourite, e.g. a child; nyin-dug sig dug* W. he is a general favourite; *na di nyiii- dug co dug* W. I am very fond of this, it is my favourite (pursuit etc.); but snyin- ma-sdiig bad people Mil. -- snyin nd-ba 1. = snyin-ndd. 2. 'heart-sickness', grief, on account of injury suffered from others, curable only by indemnity paid or revenge taken. snyin - ndd disease of the heart. - snin-po (*TTT, 1^) *ne cme^ P ar % main substance, quintessence, e.g. the cream of the milk Med. ; the soft part of a loaf, the wick of a lamp Dzl. ; frq. fig.: the main substance of a doctrine, a book etc., don -snyin Jbyin-pa to give a summary, the sum and substance (of a writing); sems-can tams-cdd sans-rgyds-kyi snyin-po- can yin-na if all beings have the pith and essence of the nature of Buddha in them- selves Thyy.5,8; the Ommanipadmehum is called the snyin -po of religion Glr. ; snyin-po-med-pa worthless, null, void, snyin- pos dben-pa id. Tar. 185,2; de-bzin-ysegs- pai snyin-po the spirit of Tathagata Was. ; snyin-po-byan-ciib- (or by an - cub-snyin-po) -la mcis-pa to become Buddha Thgy.\ srog(-gi) snyin(-po) O bul-ba Mil. frq. to offer one's heart's blood, to pledge one's own life. - - snyin - rtsa (col.) the great veins connected with the heart, perh. = snyin- lun. -- snym-rtse the tip or apex of the heart, mentioned by Mil. as a particular dainty (perh. only by way of a jest). - snyin-brtse-ba, resp. fugs-brtse-ba, vb., also sbst. and adj., not much differing from snyin-rje: love, pity etc. frq.; Dzl. : bu-la snyin-brtse-nas ; t'ams-cdd-la snyin-brtse-ba yin-na\ de-dag-la snyin-brtse-baipyir \snyin- brtse-bai sems skyes-te etc. snyin - t'sim contentment, satisfaction, sometimes also pleasure felt at the misfortune of others Ptli., snyin-fsim Odebs-pa to manifest such an enjoyment. -- snyin-fsil the fat about the heart 6s. -- snyih-zo-sa v. zo-sa. - snyin- rus, resp. fugs-rus (ace. to Mil.: snyiii-gi rus-pa ton-par gyi& let energy and diligence arise in you); firmness of mind (heart) i.e. 1. diligence, zeal, perseverance 198 81lyiti :l. demon Glr.; even madness may be at- tributed to the heart Do. - $Ilyiil - I. heartily, zealously, eamestly, e.g. looking for or to a tbiog Dzl.; myiit friY-p1.t-71Wl with all one's heul't, most earnestly, devoutly, e.g. to say one's prayers TllgJi. 2. nctunlly, renlly, fOli mi ",bybi-ba yilt ronny he does not sink! (the water actuall)· bears him) Mil. 3. v. suyin-po. Compo and deri'l. \', Ulj(u-I.'U. - 811!li,,-lid1ll8 courage &1,. - -nyi,i.{ of! I/o!" W. roy heart's blood is boiling (witll Wlger etc.) - 8l1yi,i. dgd V. 3bo\'o. - slIyi,;-clm cClurageous, spirited Ld. - -It!!i,,- Cu W: afflicted with dropsy in the peri- cardium, hydrocardin. - sn,l/('" J'ji, resp. (,ig8-tje kindness, mercy, compassion, 'mi-la MI!fbi.rJe sg6m-lJa to comnlisernte, to pity a person Mil.; id. with respect to It. great number ofbeings, to embrnce with nffection Dzt..; nl!J/;,-r)e3 nan-te overpowered by oompassion; *".'11;'- IV, tohave compa.ssion; f'IIylii-rjt- cutl, any/li-r)e (la" idull-p« compassionate, merciful Dd.: Inmentation, l\ cry of compnssioD D::l.; sllyi,i-ljc-mQ; I. RlIQd sll,l/ili_/je-mo' "«1; cdug )'ou are much to be pitied Mil. 1. coL: dearest, most beloved, amiable, charming; also sllyiJi- ,ye for slly/it-Qc 'l'Jv.hu-oo my poor little friend. - SJI!p" - nye - 00, col. -n.Ifl·,i n:ye-mQ-, friendly, amicable, loving, affectionate; friend; friendship, sll.lfiti-u.r bU- 'l'Jwa wom:m connected by friendship with, a woman, the friend of (a sick person mentioned) Lt. - 8l1ybi-rtam a confidential speaking. for exhortation, con$(lll\tiou, or encouragement; brtse-bai sll,I/i,i-ytam affec- tionate exhortation Glr.; Jiun _pal 8'I1yili- rt«m useful admonition elC. Mil. - s,lyili- courage. - sllyiii-iMd-p« to wish, to desire, to long for, ztN'I1yiii- c (ldd-pa to wish lo eal, to be craving for food Thyy.; ,.j/ro- sllyi,j _cwxl- pa to wisll to go. - snyiit- rdiiJ,-1Ja palpitation of heart Sell. - -uyin dan (ctymo!. dubious) Cd-i:c· ecd. to interest one's self for, to take Il.I1 interest in. - sllyi,i-sdJ,g W. liked, darling, favourite, e.g. a. child; llybi-dilfl Mg dug· lV. he is a general fn\'ourite; "';a dl llyill- dlifl i'(J dwf J am very fond of tiJis, it is my f:l.\'ourite (pursuit etc.); but 8llyili- ma-sdug bad peorle Mil. - t1l!p',i nd-ba I. := 2. 'hearl-sickness', grief, on Rccount of injury suffered from others, curable only by indemnity paid or rc\'cnge tnken. - 8lllliii - fla(Z disease of the heart - In i,i-po (ll"R:, 71li) the chief part, main substance, quintessence, e.g. the eream of the milk Med.; the soft part of a Ion£, the wick of a lamp D:d.; frq. fig.: lhe main substnllee of a doctrin(', a book etc., dOll - suyili cbyin -lXl to give a summary, the sum and substance (of a writing); semS-CUll t«1Il&-ltid lanl-rflyus-k.'li Sllyf,i.po- Call yill-llG if aU beings have lhe I,ith and essence of the IUllurc of Buddha in them- selves ThY!J. 5, 8; the Ommanipadmehnm is called lhe $'llyU -]io of religion Glr.; slIyl"-l'o-1IIM-pa \\'ortlJless, lIull, void,sll!J;'j. pus dW:II"'1!11 id. Tal'. 185,2; de-b'Zill-yUga- pai 811.'1ili·po the spirit of TatMgnta lVas.; (or byan.. CUb-Sllyi,i-po) -fa mal -lla to become Buddha. TlIgy.; srog{-[fI) SJlyitj(-po) cillil-OO .J.Ilil. frq. to offer one's beart's blood, to pledge one's own life. - lillY;'; - rtJlt (col.) the great \'cins connected with tlle hcart, perb. - 8111/i,,- lwi. - anyhi-rtse the till or al,ex of tbe llCart, mentioned by Mil. as a particulnr dainty (perh. only by way of It jest). - li'1l!liJi-brlsb-ba, resp. {;,gs-1JrtslJ-ba, "b., also sbst. and adj., not much differing from Illy;,i-r)e: love, pity etc. frq.; Dd.: bu.-itt sllyin-bl't8e-Jla8; tmyi,i-htse-ba ylll-lIa; de... lag-{a MI1/I,i.brtse-bai pyir; allyi;,- brtJe-bai 8{'m3 etc. - 311yin - (sim contentment, satisfaction, sometimes also felt at tho misfortuue of others 1't!l., slIyi".{slm cdcbs-pa to mn.nifest such aD enjoyment. - snyi,i.hil the fat about the heart G. - nl!Jlfi-..w-iia v. - Illyl,; - rUs, resp. (uga - .,.,is (acc-:- to Mil.: s'/lyhi-yi "Hs-pa (On-par Wis let energy and diligence Mise in you); flrmness of mind (ht'llrt) i.e. 1. diligence, zeal, perseverante ^ >,' ~" Mil. and ('. '>. courage W. snyiii-r,-r),' (,s///////-/y<', with re placed between, v. n} the poor man! the poor people! either -landing absolute or as predicate to a preceding noun: r//-rw///.s.s//////;-/v-/yr' these (people) are indeed much to be pitied .I///.; kyod-ran . . <lzin-pasnyiii-ri'-ijt>yQ\\ (would) comprehend that? poor wretches that you are! Mil.; even as an adjective: sems-can snyin-re-r)e the poor creatures! frq. ; xnyiit-re.-ijS-bai&dig-can\he lamentable sinner! snyin-rlun Sch.: 'low spirits, melancholy, mental derangement'; I met with it only in AJil., as signifying heart- grief, deep sorrow, e.g. snyiii-rlun drdy-po id<tii great affliction is caused. snyin- lam-na Sch.: 'in one's mind'. *snyin- lun* W. the heart, liver, and lights of a slaughtered animal, the pluck. -- snyin- subs pericardium. snyin - ba W. to swell (in water), *lum nyiit soil* the soaked barley has swollen. '^J* snyid-pa prob. = myid-pa Pth. sny id-mo Lex. the sister of a wo- man's husband. *Hifit;/>t f '. duration, continuity, time Cs.;*tt////r/-o';tV; continual: >//'///- .sy//;.s /.,./. protracted, lengthened out Ol myu<j*-xl>nil lizard M,. ~P"> snyin -po, snyin -te, v. snyi-ba. sn yi m -p a (-yu f i) a measure for liquids, as well as for flour, grain and the like, as much as may be taken up by both hands placed together. snyil = rnyii snyil-ba, or rnyil-ba, pf. and fut. bsnyil (cf. nyil-ba) 1. to pull or throw down, to break down, to destroy, houses, rocks etc.; pye-mar snyil-ba to reduce to powder Lex., Sch. --2. j>yir (bskrad) snyil-ba Lex.; Sch.: to expel, banish, exile. mrT sn !J^iJ-p <l -> also smyug-pa, pf. bsni/ugs, * fut. bsnyiig, to dip in, to immerge. S)i .'/ li y - m <*>-> more frq. sniyitt/ - wta, reed, rush, bulrush; iwyu<j-yu reed- pen; snyiig-bzo basket-work of reeds l*th.-, bamboo. resp. tor nad, W. C- disease, illness, sickness, /^><> //-/..// >///- la snyun mi m/id - am is your Majesty well ? Glr. ; snyun-du mdze byuii Glr. leprosy arose to him as a disease, he was attacked with the disease of leprosy; anyuit mdzes btab id. Tar. ; snyun-yzi = ndd-yzi. snyun -ba I. vb. , pf. //*//_/////;>-, fut. bsnyun, 1. to make less, to reduce, to diminish; Sch.: to disparage. 2. resp. to be ill, sick, indisposed; fugs snyun-bai mi people that are disagreeable, annoying to others Mil. II. sbst. 1. the state of being ill, illness, indisposition. -- 2. 1 1", awl, pricker, punch; also snyun-bu. snyun - snyun, skii-la snytin-i/yis bzufi he was taken ill DzL; snyun O dri-ba Mil., rme-baSch, ysol-ba DzL, snyun- <lri zu - ba Mil. , to inquire after a person's health; to wait on, to pay one's respects Dzl. qj&, 16. 5j(T'r snyun -pa, pf. and fut. bsnyun, to * be ill, to labour under a disease. 4M'nr- snye-fan a village and convent near Lhasa. 54*3" snye-ba, pf. bsnyes, fut. bsnye, imp. snye to lean against, to rest on, rtsig- pa-la against a wall; to lie down, recline, repose on, mdl-stan-la on a bed, s/ids-la on a cushion or pillow; *gydb - nye* col. a support or cushion for leaning against with one's back. - - snye - Kri v. Kri. - snye - stdn, snye - Jbol pillow or cushion to rest on. jTr-xj- snye-ma, also snyi-ma, 1. ear of corn. 2. corn forming ears (v. l/dn-pa), wye-ma mig-can fruitbearing ears, *>< 16/1* W. empty ears; *nye-ia fan* W. the com blows, is in flower; *// cii</-jnt* 1 '. to thrash, *nye-cdg-gi <///'-'/"* an animal used for treading out the grain. .//<?- dr diseased ears. mye-fny6-=snye-ina 1. .11iJ. And C. 2. courage JV. - uyiti-re-rji (myln";t, 'If\'ith rt plaoed betlfet:D, 'to rt') o Ute ptor IRan! tbe l.IOOt people! either -.tlUlding absolute ()I' All prediute to Il Doun: .(Ii-Nll,"" theM; (pooille) arc indeed much to ()e pitied .\lii. j bpl-rmj ... •lkin-JIa'llyiit-py.,jiyou (",'ould) oomprehend that'!' IlOOt wretc1.e!l that yOli are! Mil.; c,'cn AS I'D ndjective: IIm,-M1/. lnyj/'.J't_r)J th", poor crcnturcs! frq.; the InmclItabic sinner! - .nyi;' - r(w; &1,,: 'low ,;piri15, mcJAllcholy, menial derangement'; I met witll it only in Nil., AS signifying hearl· gritt, deep sorrow, e.g. ,,,!"';'-rl;,,' drUg-po ldcu; great amiction is caused. - myiti- 1((,,,·_ $elf.: 'in one's mind'. - ·myiri- 1M;" W the hearl, liver, And light.;; of a slaugillcred anirotJ, the ptuck. - '''!fiil- _libf pericardium. iJr·.q· IRy;'" - 6a lYo to swell (in wluer), '9- -lum "yiii .oil o the soa.kcd b:l.rley has l:lwollen. ulyid-pa prob. _ "l.yid-pa 11lt. 311!Jid-mQ Lu.. the sister of l\ wo- mM'S husblUltl. ."gin - pa, - po, an91'11- U, v. '9 'Jlyl-ba. 'Jlyim -lKl(-gwi) a measure '9 for liquids, as as for flour, grain and tbe like, as 111I1cll llS mal' be taken up by botl. hands p)l\Ced together. myil - "'!Iii. lJr...r.::;r .nyiUH!, or rn.yil-ba, pr. and rut btn,yil(c£. llyU-ha) l.to pull or throw down, to break down, to destroy, rooks etc.; }Iyt _mar 3n!Jil- ba to reduce to powder &11. - 2. p!Jir (Wnld) 311yil-l.m I.•u.; &/,,: to expel, banish, exile. <f.l=ftl· al;;.o 6/1I!Juf/"prI,ll£. b811lJ'1!JS. ::z. rut. btJlYlIfJ, to dip in, to immerge, t;':rr cJf 1I!Jf'!J - _la, Olore rrq. alllytuj - Hla, "'" reed, rvsh, bulrvsh; 'HyWfrlJI' rced- pen; tI1IyUg-hzo basket_work or roed.'J J'lh.j b:unOOo. III'J n'V '''!IN!!' r..: dntion, etntinllity, IiIM '" C.. ; -"ylty-t--C oontinual; ,i,.. Lu. kagthened OIIt m!J'",p-«xid ..... M. '"ywi, resp. for Jlad, iY. -"ytlit-z"'1i-, "'" disease, illness, Iiclulen, bt.(,n"P"iJ.:..- la anYUlf "Ii "";t; - am is your well? Glr,; anyilil-du nul:ebYUfi GIl'. leprc.y IltOse to him 1\5 a disease, he "'IUS attaeked '!I·itb the disease or leprOf;y; 6/1!fNio ""dztl btab id. Tar. j a1ff/l,,;-,ti - nud_,ti. aTlff"n - ba I. vb., pf. ruL "'" /M"!fI'ii, I. to make less, to rtduce, to diminish; &h.: to disparage, - t. resp. to be ill, sick, indispostcl; (.. .,.,.,.. -6tti 'lNi that aT8 disagreeable, annoying to others MiL 11. illst. 1. the stAte or being iUnta, indisposition. - 2. W awl, punch; aJso any';';'-lm. =- .nyuit, a.l-N·la 'IIyim'"9!fi1 b:wli :z he wns taken ill Dd.; .ltyun odri-lJa Mil" NnC-ba &/1, )'adl-ba D::.l., 811!fl;1I-tlri -ba Mil., to inquire nrter a person's heAlth; to wait on, to PI\Y one's ti!speeu Dzl. {.(¢, 16. '1Iff"1I-pa, pro And rut. to be ill to labour under l\ .ttye.{f/li _ village and convent near .., ),hasa. it.::r ..yUa, pro haNyea, rilL huiyt. illlil. .., to lean against. to rest on, against l\ wall; to lie down, recIint, rtpcse on, mdl-dllIl-11I on a bcd, ..a.-/4 011 a ('u"hion or Ilinow; -fJ!IU6 col. ft sopport or cushion ror IClIning .gainst witll one'. book. - - In' ". C·ri. - - 'tdn, a,,!p - .bdl pillow or cushion to rest on. abo "'Yi-Jlltl, I. ear or {'orn. .., 2. com lormill!l ean (y. Va..· p4), tJli!J-can fruitbeanng e:trs, o"ye. Mit° 11'. l'ffipty e:loTS; -Hyt'-IIlR {()H.- W. lhe com 1I1o..,s, is in nO'll'er; ;,j,)-I>(I- C. to thf&lib, (lAlj'-tjo- an lUIiJUl used ror treading out lbe graia. - ,rt!/'- e-.rs. -1Jt!/'-tftJO-...!Ji'-- J 200 snyeg(s)-pa 'T snyom(s}-pa -pa, pf. bsnyegs, fut. bsnyeg, \my.snyog(s\ W. *nydg- ce\ 1. c. accus. to hasten or run after, to pursue, frq.; also with r)es-nas, rjes-su, rjes-bzin-du, pyi-bzin-du; ran- gro-sasnyogs hasten towards your aim! Mil ; snyeg-sar snyogs Lex. id.; bsnyeg-tu, or snyegs -su O don-ba to walk hastily, to make haste or speed Dzl. 2. to overtake, snyegs ma nus-pas not being able to reach Dzl. - 3. c. dat. to hasten to some place, Itdd- mo-la to the play Mil; to rise, yndm-la rising up to heaven, as a flame, Glr. , a cedar Wdn., frq.; to strive or struggle for, to aspire to, n&r-la riches, sde-cen-la in- crease of territory, zin-Kams-bzdn-la the region of eternal bliss. snyeg-ma pursuer Dzl |N$f' snyegs straight, stretched out Sch. ri_._. snyen -ba 1. inst. of rmyen - ba, to v stretch Mil --2. also snyens -pa, resp. for jigs -pa, vb. (pf. bsnyens, fut. bsnyen) and sbst., rgydl-pos ma snyens sig do not be afraid of the king! Dzl ff- snyed I. the crupper attached to a ' saddle Sch. II. = tsam: 1. O di- snyed (-cig}, de-snyed(-cig} so much, so many, frq.; also for: how many! e.g. . . . yon-tan Odi-snyedmnao how many excellent qualities has . . . ! Dzl ; ci-snyed,ji-snyed how much? how many? also snyed alone (examples v. sub bye-ma). -- 2. after round sums: about, near, ston snyed, also ston ji-snyed Mil about a thousand. snyen-pa Cs.: 1. to come or go near, to approach, gen. bsnye'n-pa. 2. to gain, to procure, inst. of rnye'd-patf). snyem(s)-pa 1. vb., pf. bsnyems, to be proud or arrogant, to boast, na-rgydl snyems-pas to be swollen with pride Dzl. ; mfu-rtsdl (to be proud) of one's strength Dzl. 2. sbst. pride, haughtiness, snyem-pa-can prideful, proud, snyems-cun 1. prideless, humble, affable, kind, col. *nyom-cun*, and *nyam-sun*. 2. poor, indigent C. v. snye-ba. snyo-ba sometimes for smyo-ba. snyoy-pa, or bsnyog-pa, secondary form of snyeg-pa, esp. when sig- nifying to wish earnestly, to crave for or lust after, also Ka-snyog-pa Cs. I^T snyod, = go-snyod, caraway. snyod-pa I. pf. bsnyad, 1. to draw out and twist, as in spinning Stg., C. - 2. Cs.: to tell, to relate, = snyad-pa. If. pf. bsnyod, bsnyos, fut. bsnyod, to feed, to give to eat and to drink, ccapir. snyon-pa I. 1. pf. and fut. bsnyon, to deny, to disavow dishonestly, 7M , 2; ^, 8 to assert falsely, snyon byed- p a @ir, 2. *nyon du-ce* W. is said to signify the same as *nyad du-ce* v. snyad. II. inst. of smyon-pa. fya' sn }Jb-pa, pf. bsnyabs, fut. 6swya6 1. to Stretch out, e.g. the hand, Lex. _ 2. W. to reach, by stretching one's self out, to arrive at, *nyob mi fub*. " snyobs snyoms Lex. > Lex- = ' ? ^: L L weari " ness, lassitude; laziness, idleness, Im snyoms - lei - ba yin one is exhausted and dull Med. ; snyoms - la nul - ba to be tired and exhausted. -- snyoms -las 1. in- dolence, unconcern, esp. religious indifference, Glr.', snyoms-las byed-pa, or drdn-pa Glr. to be lazy, indolent, indifferent; snyoms- las-can adj. lazy etc. Glr. -- 2. Sch.: an idle person (?). II. col., also Mil, inst. of snyems. fut. bsnyom, to make even 1. to level, /was a place , Z>2/. ; sd-/a snyoms-pa to level with the ground, to demolish Zte/. 2. pan-fsun to equalize different things, to arrange uniformly, zas one's meals, i.e. not cold and warm promiscuously Thgy.; to level, to reduce to an equality of con- dition, Itogs-pyiig rich and poor (according to the principles of the communists) Glr.\ similarly bu-lon Tar. 74; fams-cdd-la snyoms -na bdag kyan snydms-par mdzad 200 ..y<g(.}-pa -pu, pr. fut. 'I) , Imp.IJlVO'J{'), lv. nydg- h\ I. c. llWUS. to huten or run after. to pursue, frq.; also with rlh· '/WI, 1)iI. 'H, rjt.-lJHn-dIt, pyi-Min-d",; roic-"gni-Ian-!JOfj' bMICp Wl\-ards your aim! Mil; 3r1!JIg-«Jr id.j or orWic.ba to wnlk hastily, to make hnste or speed DzL - 2. to overtake, mylgs lila nUI-peu being uble to reach D::l. - 3. c. dnt. to hasten to some plftce, /tdd-- mo--la to the play Mil.; to rise, mam-/a Ull to heaven, as 0 flame, Gb-" .. cedar Wdlf., frq.; to strive or struggle fOf, 10 aspire 10, ndr-la richCll, tde-Cbl-la in- creMe of territory', Sli-lolfU-b=dic-la the region of bliss. - m!fl'g-ma pursuer j),/. stratght, stretched out Sd. ih:'.:::r Iffy/Ii - ba I. inst. of rrn!lbi - 00, to 'I) - stretch Nil. - 2. also m!JilN.[XI, ref'I'. for JitJI- pa, vb. (pr. benyen., ful. btllytli) and shst., 'Yydl-JJO! 'rna ii!) do Dot be afraid of the king! Dzl. anyed I. the crupper nttached 10 II. saddle &k Il. - um/I: 1. .di.'''.1Jld (-.lig), dt-,nyM(.cig) so much, so many, frq.; also for; how many! e.g.... ydn.tan .di-anyidnuiao howroMy excellent qualities bas ... ! D:L; ci-myid,Ji-tnyid how much? how mlJ:lY? .bo mytd alone (e1.amllles v. snb lJ,Ji-7IIa). - 2.•fter round SDID.!I; about, near, Ito" '''JIM, also .m,. ji.,.,.yid .Mil. about a lhollSADd. ii.;.Jf m!Jht-pa Q.: l. to come or go near, 't) to appnlacll, geD. - 2. to gain, to procure, iDst. of rnyid-pa{?). '71!JI:m{.}pa 1. ,·b., pf. bl71!Jeml, ." to be proud or arrogant, to boasl, ,ia· "!lydl m!Jhn& - pal to be swollen witll Ilride D::l.; lIlftl--rudl (to be proud) of one's sLrcogth D::l. - 2. IIbst. pride, haughlineu, mybn.pa-<an prideful, proud, .. 1. prideless, bnmble, .ffable, kind, col -"!/I:un.CiH-, and -"yam-ili"-. 2. poor, indigent C. m!p v•• f::r sometimes for 'JJlyO-ba. -'En=t "'!JOg-pa, or lA"yOg-pa, secoodary form of negiy·,IO, esp. ",beD &ig. nifyiog to wish earnestly, to crave (or or lust after, 3180 fa.-an!Jd!rpa C•. .i1yod, := go-I71yOd, caraway, if..·tf "lyOd. 1'" I. pf. benyad, 1. to draw 'I) ') out nnd twist, !'S in spinning SlfJ·, C. - 2. C•. : to tell, 10 relate, - .n!Jild-pa. II. pf. blnyod, fut. blrlyud, to feed, to give to ellt o,rHl to drink, <<('In·r. .ny6tt -1/(1 l. I. pf. and fut. lmtyon, ·.,-1 to deny, to disavow dishonestty, lJ:1. ?JS, 2; 'JlP,8 to assert falsely, mp byid· pa Glr. - 2. -"p {/•.W" W: is said to signify the same u -n1jtJd rf...«" .... •"yod. I I. insL of 'lfIy6n-pa. N".::r.:r '''Fpa, pf. "trtyabl, Cul. bmyab I. to stretch out, e.g. the hll.Dd, l..a. _ "1. IV. to reach, by stretching one', self out., to arrive at, -nyob mi tub-. 311yOO1 ... L/,z. ' 811yom(I), J.Jt,z. "" ll'f1I{ 1. 1. wear!· ?j" ) ness, lassitude; laziness, idlenelS, lIlA .1I!J01/l,(J·lCi - ba !J1'" one is exh.usled and dull MM.; nlydIN - la liill- ba to be tired lI.Dd exhausted. - .rtydrm-lal I. in- dolence,unconctm, es", religious indifference, GIr.; tnyOlrlI-ltu 6#-pa, or dnill.pa Glr. ttl be lazy, indifferent; my6tM- la.I.hlrt adj. lazy etc. Gir. - 2. &A.; 11II idle person(?). II. col., also -'IiL, inn. of "'!Jl11I" ntydm(.}pa t. vb., pt. blnyotly, '1)- . fut. lwt!JOnI, to make eveD 1. to level, rnaa a place, D::I.; .d-la mytim.-pa to level with the ground, to demolish D::l. _ 2. pan_flun 10 equalize different things, to arrange uniformly, ::aI one's meals, i.e. cold aDd Wll.nn promiscuously T!f{}y.; to level to reduce 10 ao of con· dition, rich and poor1aooording to tbe principles of the communists) Glr.; limilarly 1Jt,.&m Tar. 7'; {anN· eM-la ."pw._ Wag hjlJ;' ."y6....par md::tul uy6l-ba I \\i-~li to be treated fuirly like any oilier people />;/. A v ; A f -A> xnyi>ms-i><i to regulate (a matter), to manage or direct (a business) justly, uniformly Glr. snym- <//i ///,</, lie lias nnt his likeZte/.; */m/ iit/iiiii - la* C. always uniformly, without variation. II. sbst., also btati-snyoms, evenness, or calmness of mind, equanimity, myoms- /KII- }"!/-/> to assume it, = sems mnydm- l>,tr />:<if/-pa} v. mnydm - pa. snyoms- juy byt'd-j>a 1. id., 2. euphem. for /r/v- l>,i */>i/<>d-pa. mgo-sny&ms impartial Mil. - sny&ms-po equal, even, uniform, e.g. in every part equally thick. snyol-ba, pf. and fut. bsnyal (cf. itydl-ba) 1. to lay down; to bed a person, to assign him his couch or bed I'f/i.' *tu-yu mdl-du* C. (to lay) a child on its bed, to put to bed ; *nydl - te zdy- pa* 6'., bar - ce W. , to lay or put down, opp. to lan-te etc., to set or place upright, to set on end, e.g. a book. 2. fig. : *me nydl'ica* C. to put the fire to bed, i.e. to scrape it together and cover it with ashes; spu snyol-ba to smooth down the bristling hair, i.e, to abate one's anger; ca?i, zo, snyol - ba to allow the beer to ferment, the milk to curdle, in a state of rest (un- disturbed). a^*n* bmyd-ba, pf. bmyas, 1. to borrow ? Dzl. %v, 12. 14; W^ 6. 2. to seize by force, to usurp Sch. J5^' brnya/i Lex. prob. = i-nydn-pa. "J' brtii/dd-fxt for bsnydd-pa. ^^ *^' t bmydn-pa Cs. to borrow; bmydn- po borrowed; also fig.: borrowed, retlected, yzuys-biiiydn (Lex. sna/i-brnydn) a reflected image TrfTrf^nof frq.; also image, picture in general; even a little statue /'///.; I- mi - lam - gyi yzuf/s - bmydn vision, visionary image; sgra-brm/dn, JlfTI^JTT re- flected sound, echo; mgo-biviydn a mask, a fearful apparition Thgr. , myo - bmydn itr<fO Mil. 234. -- pyag-bi-nydn servant 001 br/iydn-poi yo C*. : 'a garni < nt marked with the figures (ic) of the rain- bow' lirmiii n -j><,i brni/<iK /.>.<. interest for a loan, rent for things borrowed . v /tniyd/M-ini diligence, painstaking ; to take pains Mi. _^_..,P.. bntydx-fHt I. borrowed, v. brnyd- ba. II. 1. to despise, contemn c. dat., frq.; ma bniydx .s/V/ do not despi-' ! />:/. : l.rnyas smdd-pa id. Dzl. - contempt, />rin/'ix-pa bynl-pa, W. *nya-se tdy-ce*, ccd. to despise, to treat contemptuously, frq.; brnycu-bcos (Thyy. bmyas-cos) contempt, scorn. l" bi'nyo/tx convenient, suitable M^ bsnyifjs-pa 1. to return, restore, deliver up Cs. 2. sediment __._. bsnifuy full Sch.; skyu-yah bsnyuy ^ ' Lex. a full draught (?). bsnyul-ba to wash Lex. bsnyen-pa 1. to approach, to come near, c. dat., also drin't-dti, kn-boi driin - du bsnyen cig come to me Dzl. : y&m-pa re-re bor-zih O ct-ba-la fanyi'n-jnr Itar as with every step we come nearer to our death Thyy.\ to join, to stick to a person Dzl. 2. to propitiate, soothe, satisfy, a deity Cs. 3. to accept, receive, admit W.; bsnyi>n-j><ir r<lzogs-pa to be or- dained, consecrated, frq.; c. las by T<u\ - <lyc.-bsnyen v. dye-ba. -- bsnyen -bkur reverence, veneration, respect, />///-/ to pay one's duty or respect, esp. to the priesthood by various services, nd-la fan pa byds-te Dzl. and elsewh., frq., also hsnyt'H-zhi bkiii'-ba Glr., and *nyen kur-& W.; bsnyen-bknr :>i-ba to ask penni<-ion for performing such services Mil. bsnyen- fa,n-itb priestly function, religious otlire. esp. snags q. v. bsnyen -ynds fasting, abstinence; bsnycn-yndt srun-lta, W.*znnt- <V*, to abstain from food, to fast. _rj_.j_. fatiyi'-r - bn to make grimaces or v gesticulations 13* /s<,l 1 wish \0 be uell.tcd fnirly like any alh.., plIOlJle D:L )'I"; Ald·io ,,,yO,,,,.pt. 10 rt'Kubte (n IUlluer), to man.ge or direct (1\ ) justly, uniformlyGlr. - "'yOm- d" Itltfl, he hn:l nol his like 0:1.; • tfl!J lIyJm -1/1· C. always uniforJDly. 'A'ithout v:lrbtion. 11. sbst.. also btaJi-'ft'..{"" uennl'l5ll "" , , or calmnm of mind, equanimity, myd"u. par J';!I-pa to a5!'UiUC it, - -'" ","!fCi". par - pa, Y. IIm!Jd'" -IN•. - .n.ytnfY- Jt.g bylf/-Jlil I. id., 2. eUII!lem. for ..frit;- pt. apyOtJ-pa. - 1HfJfN"!J6'- impartial .Mil. :- .fty6tfu _po equlll, ('\'eD, uniform, e.g. 10 c\'er'J part tqully thidc. tf..f.:::r .n!J6l-60, pro ,uld ful. '-!JUt (c!. lIydl-ba) 1. to lay down; to bed a penon, to MSign him his couch or bed PM.; .{.-!IN' C. (to lay) • child on iu bed, to put to bed; ·"yll- U Z6Ir l'U· Mr. - i:e IV.. 1.0 lay or put do... n, opp. to laft-U etoe., to set or upright, to set OD end, e.g.• book. - 2. fig.: ._ n!ftil-fca: C. to the fire to bed, i.e. too SU1Ipe It togelhu nnd cover with ashes' to Imooth down the I.:ur, I.e, to abate one's nn_r' Cali ,,-, , ...., 'Hy6l- ba to a110\\' tlle beer to ferment, tbe milk to curdle, in IL state of fest (un- disturbed). t....nyd-ba, pf. brnyut, 1. to borrow JJ=l. qr, 12. 14; {V{,6. 2. to seize by Corce, to usurp &1•. brnyuH. I.u. prob. _ '·"!lali-pll. QI"I!Jlil/-,'" Cor lAn!Jdd.pa. Q,·nydn.pa (8. to borrow; m'''!JI in - po borrowed; olso lig.: bOlTOWOO, rellccted, TZlI!I'-hI71ydn .•nlu(-Q,71yd,,) o. hURge lIftff1f1lf Crll'; image, pIcture In general; el'eo " little stntuc 17I1( -111m _f/yi - bl71!Jdn visioo, vIsIonary im"jl;e; $fJra-bt'JI!}I-ln, re- flected sonn,l, ecl.o; nI!JO-b""Ylin IL mMk, i\ Cerui'ul llppnrition 'J'hfl"" '/190 -m."yaJl lir-po &hl. 234. - p!lU!J-b'71yaJ'l senont 201 o. - -/JM fl()f fi. 'a gannrnt ruarked WIth the ligurell (lie) of Ill!: rain- bow' - b""'ydn-l'of brn!JI1$ Du. inltcrNt Cor a 100.1', Cor thin81l borrowed Sell.. IWIl!ldb.-pu diligence, painstakint; tD take pains &11.. brnya..pa 1 borrowed, 1". '-yd- ba. ll. I. to despise, telntemn e. lIat., Crq.; JIUJ '-!Jlit 1;' do DOt despise! D:L i brnytfl .mdd.pa id. D:l. - contempt, brnya.-pa byiJ-pa, lIZ .,.!Jf'"Ji «d. too w tre3t contemptuously, CNJ·; 1mt!J<l'"'6io. (TAgy. br7P.!Jaf-&.) contempt, 1COnl. br7c!JO'" convenient, suitable A.. lAnyigs-pa 1. to return, rntort, ?j deliYer up l:a. 2. ledimtnl but!fN9 Cull &4.; - 9«;' '-!JW9 -3 Lu. lI. full (?). btJ'lyill-ba too w.h I..u. btnp.pa L to approach, to come near, Co dat., also Jritlf-dta, lJ..boi d,;,;,-ds 6mfPI iii come to me DzL; gtim-pa rv:-1T /.ttX-SIi .Ci-ba-la liar lIS with eYery y,'e coruc to our detlth TItfly.; 10 j,in, to stick 10 lI. person D:l. - 2. to propitiate, I"the, satisfy. II. deit)· O. - 3. to accept, receive. admit lY.; bPt!ln-par n1:df1I-l'B to be or- dl\ined, consecrated, frq.; e. Ial by 1',r. - v. dgt-oo. - t.nynt.bi....,. reverence, veneration, respect, bylll-IXI to pay ODe's duty or esp. to the priesthood b)' pa by/it- te D:l. lind e!!l(I'tI'Ii., Crq., also bldw..oo. Gir., and -"!}til *i4,-.u- IV.; b3"ylll-U",r to Mk Cur performing such services Mil. - ht,,!!,,"- bsiJI'lib priestly function, religious offke, est). 61'/'9' q. v. - bI"yell - rmi. abstinence; btJl/!ltII-)'>IIi.l "''/H-iH-, IV. -ZUNI_ U', to abstain Crom food, 10 fast. hltJlyb' - ba to ntAke grinuWlell or ?j ri:. 1:1- 202 q* bsnyel-ba ' td-bag "> to for 9et; qfg bsnyel-med not forgetting or for- getful, mindful; bsnyel-yso-ba to remind, q to put one in mind of a thing Mil. nt. v. bsnyor-ba, Lex. nets bsnyor-ba, ace. to Sch.: to sift barley. ?* to, the letter , cerebral , 1. in C. | rupee = 9 d. , v. also fcod-tah (v. fcod-pa com p.). 2. a . td-kd, Hind. ^JT in W. imaginary gold and silyer coin ^ 1]2 6 __ 3 ? C01 ^. money of account, - 2 paisa or w money in general p^mr- C'rhc 1 ti-ked, tri-ked card, ticket; i-ka, tah-ka, R postage-stamp. i-Ka, tan-ka, Id. Different from it is fT> FT * (fo, the letter <;/, cerebral <i, >Ss/;. ^5. da - ki C^fTeR^ Hind. : 'husband of a a handle and two balls fastened to it by a strap. am- ^ g en- *^'/, ^?*w^- ^T^ 5 the post, Juafctm, bnaKsp.) m j/V^i. prob. = Da- r \ i e er.r) OS t ^m, mU- gro-ma. ^ ^ dan-di, Hind, ^r^, the beam of .a-ma-iu, qa-ru, (JS*r^) < t I ! a aj r scaies . a kind of litter, small tympan or drum, with - ta, 1. the letter t, tenuis, French t. ' 2. num. fig.: 9. 3. inst. of btags, v. ya-btags. C'rn*^' td-ka-ri (Hind. rfTTfi" scales, Ld. td-ku W. stick with a hook, hooked cane , crutch ; *ta -ku- ru - ku* Ld. crooked, contracted, crippled. td-gir W. bread, esp. the flat bread- cakes of India, commonly called 'cTiapdtee' '; *cu-ta-gir* Ld. boiled flour- common dumplings; *t'ul-ta-gir* pancakes. td-ba (Pers. LL) gen. *tao* W. a flat iron pan without a handle! td - bag W. , far - Jbag C. , a plate, *td-bag dal-ddl* W., *fer-fer* C., a 202 1M.IjiUm, u.=.: resp., to forget; .., lAngel-med not forgeuing or Cor· gelCul, mindful; to remind, to put one in miod of II. MiL nt. '- ''9_' UIlAlJOn v. •nyon. brng6r - ha, l.-tt.r. IU'U lIII1fyOr-ba., "'i.., acc. to &!I.: to barley. f (a, lhe leuer cerebral t, &k. fllf ¢-hl, //ind. 'Z15T in W: imnginary r':l. coin, money of n.ccount, - 2 puill4 or 1 d, - Different from it is !Tn' r:c.'''l' ...c::,'f!' ,c::,'''l,/<1,i-ka, (wi-ka, \ -I' (' ,(', {a'i-fla, la,j.ta, llind. 1Ilfl 1. in C. t rupee - 9 d., v. also (\'. Trotl-pa comII.). - 2. l\ gold :\nd silver coin Tal'. 112, 6. - 3. W. money in gcner.ll. !i.l.m., I,-i_ktfl card, ticket; postage·stamp. r da, the leHer ,,I, cerebral (1, &.1-, '?';- n [Ji'f(/.: 'husbaod of a r':l. .Dam.i, Sltanp.) in .Ilil, prob. - Dd- kini, tIIld-.gro-tIfu. Ijti.IN4-TM-, 1d.rw, • smaJl lympan or ci'Unl, with II. handle and two balls fastened 10 it by a .::urr gen. °drayo, lJi",/.; the posl "; letter·posl 1aJ!. -1i, llvw.. ,..-m, the beam of ( r a pair of seales; l\ kind of litter. " ta, 1. the le.tter t, French t. - 2. nuw. JIg.. 9. - 3. lDSt. of v. ya-bto!J8• td·ka-I'i (llind. it(ICfi..l) common scates, I..t. ,'''1' td·/tu W stick with II book, hooked caoo, crutch; °ta·.bt._,.w·ku° IA. crooked, contracted, crippled. IdiJir W bread, esp. the flat brend- cakes of India, commonly cnlled 'dul.pdt«; °Ctt. ta.gi," lAo boiled flour- dumplings; O(lil.la-gi," IllI.ncllkes. iIi· ba (Pets, 4l.:i) gen. IV. 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