http://www.malonespecialtyinc.com/Identifying_Threads.html Malone Specialty | Custom Metric Fittings Specialists Here at Malone Specialty, we realize that it can be difficult to find out just what part you are looking for. If you have any difficulty identifying what part you need, please call us and let us help you at (800) 874-3077 ! Once you've identified the part you need, check out our Online Catalog! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Contents: •Identifying Threads •How to use the Caliper •How to use the thread pitch gauges •American Tapered Pipe Threads •British Thread Forms •Japanese Threads •Metric Thread General Information In identifying fittings, you should always be sure to identify both sides of the fitting. Except for plugs, caps and unions, all fittings grip a rigid tube or a hose and are screwed into some type of port. Try to divide each fitting into two separate identifying sections - side A (grips tube or hose) and side B (the port threads). •Identifying the Port Side of Fittings (Side B) •Parallel Thread vs. Tapered Threads •Identifying the Tube (Side A) Side •The 24º Cone •24º Bite-Type Fittings - Measuring the Tube Side Thread •37º Flared Fittings - JIC 37º •SAE 45º Flared Fittings •SAE Straight Thread with O-Ring •Flat Face Fittings •Flange Fittings •60º Cone (30º Seat) Fittings •Ball Nose Fittings •Standpipe Fittings •Hose 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. Identifying Threads Using the thread identification kit from Malone Specialty Inc. or a commercially available caliper, thread gauge and thread pitch gauge, you will be able to identify the following thread forms. American Dyseal Pipe Threads SAE J476a, NPT, NPSM American National Screw Threads SAE J475a, JIC British Pipe Parallel Threads ISO/BS 2779-NF EO3-005 DIN 3852 Pg. 2 (Parallel Threads) British Pipe Taper Threads BS21-IS07, DIN 3852 (Taper Threads) Metric Parallel Threads ISO 6149 DIN 3852 Metric Taper Threads DIN 3852 Japanese Industrial Standard JIS BO202 (PF Thread), BO203 Tapered (PT Thread) How to use the Caliper The calipers in the kit can be used to help you identify both American and Foreign thread forms, including internal and external threads. The top scale is used to identify all inch threads and the bottom scale is used to identify all metric threads. When using the scale to correctly determine your thread size, use the first, or left, line in the window area. See Figure 1 below for clarification. To identify external or male threads, use the bottom jaws of the caliper and to identify internal or female threads use the top jaws of the caliper. See Figure 1 above for clarification. 6. Each leaf has a number on it telling you how many threads per inch you have. all fittings grip a rigid tube or a hose and are screwed into some type of port. 5.side A (grips tube or hose) and side B (the port threads). 3. leaking connections. Try to divide each fitting into two separate identifying sections . or possibly by a machined ring in the hex itself. 4. They are as follows: 1. Taper NPT SAE Straight Threads Parallel Thread vs.How to use the thread pitch gauges All thread pitch gauges in the kit are used the same way in identifying internal or external threads. or possible serious human injury. you should always be sure to identify both sides of the fitting. thread damage to mating parts. One important point illustrated above is the use of the correct thread pitch gauge on the threads. British Parallel Pipe Threads British Taper Pipe Threads Metric Threads. The only exception to this is on the metric gauge. General Information In identifying fittings. Identifying the Port Side of Fittings (Side B) There are six common port threads on fittings. 2. . caps and unions. Figure 2 below shows you the proper use of the thread gauge. Parallel Metric Threads. metal seal. first determine if the thread is tapered or parallel by inspection and/or use of a straight edge. On the metric gauge.) in millimeters. A parallel thread will have some means of sealing at the top of the thread. the number on each leaf represents the thread pitch (distance from the crest of one thread to the crest of the next thread. Except for plugs. either by O-ring. Incorrect thread identification can cause: equipment failure.Additional thread identification is explained throughout this catalog. A taper thread seals on the threads themselves by wedging into the female port and sealing by thread contact. Tapered Threads To identify any port side thread. 1/4. 3/8. determine if the thread is tapered or parallel.1/8. First. our pipe threads have a 60º thread flank angle. Unlike the British threads. See Figure 7. etc. then measure it with the thread gauges supplied in your Thread ID Kit under British thread forms. All .American Tapered Pipe Threads There are various American Pipe Thread series in use today. Two of the more popular thread forms used are the Dryseal American Standard Taper Pipe Thread (NPTF) and American Standard Straight Pipe Thread for Mechanical Joints (NPSM). The British thread forms use sizes similar to our own pipe threads . Both of these thread forms have a 55º thread flank angle. The BSPT or BSPP cannot be interchanged with our own pipe threads due to the difference in thread flank angle. 1/2. (Refer to Chart #3 for additional information. See Figure 6.) British Thread Forms Two of the more popular thread forms used in the world today are the British Standard Pipe Tapered (BSPT) and the British Standard Parallel Pipe (BSPP). use your metric thread gauges to measure the distance from the crest of one thread to the crest of the next in millimeters. This thread form is probably the easiest to measure and identify.) Refer to Chart #2 for additional information. Neither the British Standard Parallel Pipe or the British Standard Pipe Tapered are true metric threads. (D = 24mm). (P) This thread has 1.D. determine if your thread is tapered or parallel by the same methods employed under the British Threads Forms Instructions.5). (A 1/4" BSPT or BSPP thread. These are commonly called Komatsu and Mitsubishi fittings. First. of the thread measurement with this second measurement to form a metric thread callout (i.) tapered and parallel threads are the same as the British Standard Pipe Tapered and British Standard Parallel Pipe threads. To measure metric taper threads. of a tapered thread.D. measure the outer diameter of the thread in millimeters as shown in the following diagram using your calipers.S. follow the same instructions as for the metric parallel thread.D. In addition to normal BSPP hose fittings. at the third thread from the end. . Japanese Threads The Japanese Industrial Standard (J. Since it will be difficult to measure the O. if held end to end with a 1/4" NPT will have approximately the same thread O. standard.5 millimeters between threads.I. M24 x 1.BSPT and BSPP sizes can be compared to our own NPT for sizing. Combine the O. measure the O. you can measure it as follows: First. there are also flare fittings with a 30º or 45º flare in combination with either metric or BSPP threads that meet the J. Next.S. The thread callout will be M24 x 1. If you believe you have a metric parallel thread. Information on additional thread identification is shown in Chart #1. Metric Threads Another port thread form found on overseas equipment is the true metric thread.e.5 tapered. Then use your metric thread gauges as before.D. although many people find these threads "foreign" and conclude that they must then be "metric".I. Information on additional thread identification is shown in Chart #5. AL series and LL series for low pressure. Most reputable manufacturers of metric 24º fittings mark the tube size and the series on the nose of the nut itself. In metric sizes. An EO style fitting and SAE flareless incorporates a 24º tapered throat angle and the nut drives the ferrule into the tube as it is tightened during assembly. 37º Flared Fittings . A series for French metric and AG series for GAZ. To identify metric 24º fittings.Identifying the Tube (Side A) Side The end of the fitting that grips a tube must be studied carefully for correct sizing.Measuring the Tube Side Thread Tube Connections The cross-section in Figure #10 represents one end of a flareless tube connection without the nut and sleeve. S series for high-pressure severe-service application. but the bodies and nuts are all made to standards insuring the interchangeability between manufacturers. 4mm 6mm 8mm 10mm 12mm 14mm 15mm 16mm 18mm 20mm 22mm 25mm 28mm 30mm 32mm 35mm 38mm 42mm The 24º Cone Probably the single most popular bite-type fitting in Europe is the 24º cone. The function of the threads is to hold the two mating threads mechanically in place. The following sizes are the most popular metric O. See Figure #9. L series for medium pressure service. first examine the markings on the tube nut itself. the 24º fitting is made in six different series. JIC 37º couplings are generally used with higher-pressure industrial and mobile applications. 24º Bite-Type Fittings . The thread size can easily be identified by measuring the dimensions as shown in Figure #8 and the connection tube size can easily be identified by measuring dimension A in Figure #10.JIC 37º The 37º flared fitting functions by establishing one circular line contact between the nose of the fitting and the flare of the tube or female seat in a hose fitting.D. Place you caliper across the diameter of the tube and read from the millimeter scale on your caliper. Information on additional thread identification is shown in Chart #8. tube sizes in millimeters. SAE Straight Thread with O-Ring . Information on additional thread identification is shown in Chart #1. SAE 45º Flared Fittings Sealing characteristics and thread identification is the same as the JIC 37º flared fittings. SAE 45º couplings are generally used in automotive low-pressure systems. There are various forms of ferrules that are used. The first and most obvious indication is to measure the tube that is being gripped. newnweite or "DN".www.S. See chart #9 for all hose dimensions except 100R5. The U. -. Standard National Pipe Straight Mechanical (NPSM) female swivel mates with the NPTF male fitting. This angle is measured from the seat to the centerline. In Europe both the British and Metric versions are said to have a 60º Cone. For Teflon hose dimensions see Chart #11. Standards. which will accept an EO nut and ferrule.com -.com Site Index . Flange Fittings The SAE Standard flange face fittings are made in two styles.S.e. Poclain has their own unique style of flange fittings.5 nut on a ball nose swivel might fit both a 6mm Din 20078 24º Light Cone male and a 4mm Din 7631 60º Cone Male. Information on additional thread identification is shown in Chart #6. The BSP version is used on Hiab cranes and loaders. When the ferrule is preset on the standpipe they function the same as the DIN swivels in the 24º cone paragraph. The size may be called out using the actual inside diameter in millimeters or a nominal diameter abbreviated "NW". This allows the same component to be used with more than one style male end.com malone Specialty Inc. -.Mentor. M12x1. Refer to Chart 1. see Chart #10 for 100R5 hose.S. Standpipe Fittings These fittings have a metric tube stub. where the total angle is measured.Straight thread adapters with O-ring into SAE Straight thread bosses seal strictly by use of the O-ring. Ball Nose Fittings Many manufacturers in Europe and the U.cvmarc. The thread form is shown in Chart #2 & Chart #7. Code 61 and Code 62. 60º Cone (30º Seat) Fittings In the SAE standards the female pipe swivel and the male pipe ends are said to have a 30º seat. Hose Virtually all hydraulic and push-on hoses correspond in size to U. Note the male end must have the 30º seat to seal properly. Flat Face Fittings The BSP and SAE Standard Flat face fittings have an O-ring groove in the male end. manufacture their swivel fittings with a ball nose.) See Chart #1 for additional information. Ohio 44060 Phone: 800-874-3077 Fax: 800-874-3066 www.8900 East Ave. Chart 2 & Chart 3 for additional information. (i.malonespecialtyinc. in all sizes. Additional flange information is shown in Chart #12 (for Code 61) & Chart 13 (for Code 62). Email: sales@malonespecialtyinc. Code 61 is rated at 3000 PSI and Code 62 is rated at 6000 PSI.