The First Investigation November 20, 1896 • the preliminary investigation on Rizal began • Rizal as the accused appeared before Judge Advocate, Colonel Francisco Olive. • He was subjected to a 5 day investigation. • Rizal was informed about his charges and was given the chance to answer the questions they have on him though he was never permitted to confront those people who testified against him. Documentary – 2. 1896 • 2 evidences were presented against Rizal: – 1. Testimonial .The First Investigation November 20. Rizal’s Kangaroo Trial : The Preliminary Investigation Documentary Evidences: . .includes letters which allegedly implicate Rizal in the Propaganda Movement. as well as several of his poems which were highly nationalistic in nature. several transcripts of speech wherein his name was used by the Katipunan. 1888. A letter from Marcelo H. allegedly written by Rizal in Manila on September 12. showing Rizal’s connection with the Filipino reform campaign in Spain. A letter from Carlos Oliver to an unidentified person. January 7. 1891 5. 1889. del Pilar to Deodato Arellano. 1891. dated Barcelona. 3. A letter from Antonio to Mariano Ponce. dated Madrid. . August 20. A poem entitled Kundiman. October 16. describing Rizal as the man to free the Philippines from Spanish oppression. dated Madrid. implicating Rizal in the propaganda movement campaign in Spain.1890.Rizal’s Kangaroo Trial : The Preliminary Investigation Documentary Evidences: 1. 2. September 18. dated Madrid. A letter of Rizal to his family. 4. stating that the deportations are good for they will encourage the people to hate tyranny. dated Manila. ensuring the banishment of Rizal to Dapitan. A letter to Dimasalang to an unidentified committee. 1892. 10. June 1. A letter signed Dimasalang ( Rizal’s pseudonym) to Tenlunz (Juan Zulueta’s pseudonym). A Masonic lodge document. February 9. A letter from Idefonso Laurel to Rizal. dated Hongkong. dated Hongkong.Rizal’s Kangaroo Trial : The Preliminary Investigation Documentary Evidences: 6. dated Manila. September 3. 1892. honoring Rizal for his patriotic services 7. 1892.stating that he was preparing a safe refuge for Filipinos who may persecuted by the Spanish authorities 8. saying that the Filipino people look up to him (Rizal) as their savior . May 24. 1892. soliciting the aid of the committee in the “patriotic work” 9. An anonymous and undated letter to the Editor of Hongkong Telegraph. A letter from Ildefonso Laurel to Rizal. dated Madrid. del Pilar to Don Juan A. Tenluz. in which thefollowing cry uttered “Long Live the Philippines! Long LiveLiberty! Long live Doctor Rizal! Unity!” 14. 13. June 1. A letter from Marcelo H. Transcript of a speech of Tik-Tik (Jose Turiano Santiago) in the same Katipunan reunion. 12. informing an unidentified correspondent of the arrest and the banishment of Doroteo Cortes and Ambrosio Salvador. entitled A Talisay in which the author makes the Dapitan schoolboys sing that they know how to fight for their rights . A poem by Laong Laan (Rizal).Rizal’s Kangaroo Trial : The Preliminary Investigation Documentary Evidences: 11. Transcript of a speech of Pingkian (Emilio Jacinto) in a reunion to the Katipunan on July 23. where in they shouted: “Long live the eminent Doctor Rizal! Death to the oppressor nation!” 15. 1893 recommending the establishment of a special organization to help the cause of the Filipino people. 1893. Pio Valenzuela Antonio Salazar Francisco Quison Temoteo Paez . 7. 5. 13. Martin Constantino Aguedo del Rosario Jose Reyes MoisesSalvador Jose Dizon DomingoFranco Deodato Arellano Ambrosio Salvador Pedro Serrano Laktaw Dr. 3. 8. 10. 2. 11. 12. 6. 9.Rizal’s Kangaroo Trial : The Preliminary Investigation Testimonial Evidences: 1. 4. Rizal’s Kangaroo Trial : The Preliminary Investigation November 26. Colonel Olive transmitted the records of the case to Governor Dominguez as special Judge Advocate to institute the corresponding action against Rizal . 1896 after the preliminary investigation. Rizal’s Kangaroo Trial : The Preliminary Investigation Capt.as special Judge advocate to institute the corresponding action. who there upon transmitted them to the Judge Advocate. He made a brief resume of the charges and returned the papers to the Governor General. . Rafael Dominguez . for an opinion. General Don Nicholas de la Peña. he submitted the following recommendations: (1) The accused be immediately brought to trial (2) He should be kept in prison (3) An order of attachment be issued against his property to the amount of one million pesos as indemnity (4) He should be defended in court by an army officer.After studying the papers. not by a civilian lawyer .Rizal’s Kangaroo Trial : The Preliminary Investigation Don Nicolas de la Pena . .The ONLY RIGHT given to Rizal by the Spanish authorities was to choose his defense counsel. Rizal’s previous “bodyguard” in Calamba in 1887 . Taviel de Andrade be his defense. 1896 • 100 first and second lieutenants in the Spanish Army was presented to Rizal. he was the brother of Jose Taviel de Andrade. • Rizal chose Lt.The Prosecution December 8. 1896 • the information of charges was formally read to Rizal in his prison cell.The Prosecution December 11. with his counsel present . The Prosecution Charges to the Accused: • “the principal organizer and the living soul of the Filipino insurrection. and books dedicated to fomenting and propagating ideas of rebellion. periodicals.” . the founder of societies. Dr. Jose Rizal pleaded NOT GUILTY to the crime of rebellion . 1896 • Rizal wrote the Manifesto to His People in his prison cell at Fort Santiago. appealing to them to stop the necessary shedding of blood and to inform the people that he condemned the rebellion because he wanted their liberties to be attained through education and industry .The Prosecution December 15. 1896 • Rizal wrote the Manifesto to His People in his prison cell at Fort Santiago. appealing to them to stop the necessary shedding of blood and to inform the people that he condemned the rebellion because he wanted their liberties to be attained through education and industry – was not published because it did not condemn the rebellion in its totality but only in two aspects: lack of participation and preparation. .The Prosecution December 15. 1896 • a dark and cheerless Christmas for Rizal.The Prosecution December 25. the court-martial of Rizal started in the military building called Cuartel de Espana . was the saddest in Rizal’s life December 26. 1896 • at 8:00am. his last on earth. 1896 • If pardoned.000 pesos. delivered an impressive speech and claimed that the guilt of Rizal has not been legally established. Rizal supplemented his defender’s points in detail. . indemnity of 20.The Prosecution December 26. • De Andrade in defense. permanent disqualification and subjection to surveillance of authority. if he really was guilty. he could have escaped while he was in Singapore . According to Rizal. Rizal was against rebellion 2. there are twelve points to prove his innocence: 1.The Prosecution Rizal read his own defense which he wrote in his cell in Fort Santiago. his name was used by the Katipunan. He had not written a letter addressed to the Katipunan comprising revolutionary elements 3. Without his knowledge. As testified by Pio Valenzuela. The Prosecution 4. He did not deny that he wrote the by-laws of the La Liga Filipina. he should have left the country while in exile. he shouldn't have built a home. 6. 5. If he was guilty. the revolutionists should have consulted him. the organization was a civic association. . bought a parcel of land or established a hospital in Dapitan. not a revolutionary society. If he was really the leader of the revolution. but to make things clear. did not last long. If the Spanish authorities found his letters having bitter atmosphere. he had no idea about it 9.The Prosecution 7. If the La Liga was reorganized nine months later. thus. the association was displaced because of his exile in Dapitan. If the La Liga had a revolutionary purpose. then Katipunan should not have been organized. it was because in 1890 his family was being persecuted resulting to their dispossession of properties and deportation of all his brothers-in-law. . 8. 10. After the first meeting of La Liga. 12. If he really was for the revolution. then why did the Katipunan sent an unfamiliar emissary to him in Dapitan? It is so because all his friends were aware that he never advocated violence. .The Prosecution 11. He lived an exemplary life in Dapitan – the politico-military commanders and missionary priests in the province could attest to that. then he wanted to confront these persons. If according to witnesses the speech he delivered at Doroteo Ongjunco's house had inspired the revolution. considered the trial over and ordered the hall cleared.The Prosecution December 26.000pesos . Togores Arjona . (afternoon) Death sentence was passed with the same condition except that indemnity was raised to 100. the military court unanimously voted for the sentence of death. After a short deliberation. Col. 1896 Lt. Camilo de Polavieja .approved the decision of the courtmartial and ordered Rizal to be shot at 7:00 in the morning of December 30 at Bagumbayan Field (Luneta) .The Prosecution December 28.The decision was submitted to Gov. 1896 Gov. Gen. Polavieja who immediately sought the opinion of Nicolas de la Peña – the latter found the verdict just and final. .