TerotechnologyTerotechnology is the technology of installation, commissioning, maintenance, replacement and removal of plant, machinery and equipment, of feed-back to operation and design thereof, and to related subjects and practices. Terotechnology is the economic management of assets. It is the combination of management, financial, engineering, and other practices applied to physical assets such as plant, machinery, equipment, buildings and structures in pursuit of economic life cycle costs. [1] It is concerned with the reliability and maintainability of physical assets and also takes into account the processes of installation, commissioning, operation, maintenance, modification and replacement. [2] Decisions are influenced by feedback on design, performance and costs information throughout the life cycle of a project. [2] It can be applied equally to products, as the product of one organization often becomes the asset of another. [2] References 1. ^ Introduction to terotechnology 2. ^ a b c BS 3843-1:1992 Introduction to terotechnology The Five Primary Functions of a Reliability Engineer by Allied on August 27, 2012 By guest blogger Carey Repasz, Principal Technical Advisor The position of the Reliability Engineer (RE) is very common in today’s maintenance organizations. What is uncommon is an understanding of what the RE actually does, should do and shouldn’t do. The responsibilities of this role vary wideley from organization to organization. While the following tasks are not by any means a complete description of what the RE does, these tasks represent the most important tasks that every RE should be performing in a maintenance organization. The equipment hierarchy and criticality are the foundation that all reliability improvement strategies rely on. mean time to implement recommendations and defect elimination. The RE will manage the CBM program by tracking key indicators such as equipment health. The level of completeness and accuracy of these databases are absolutely essential in order to build appropriate maintenance strategies and target reliability improvement tools to the appropriate systems where the greatest benefit will be realized.Task #1: Manages the equipment hierarchy and equipment criticality databases. Task #3: Development and Management of the PdM/CBM program As the owner of the failure mode based strategy. failure modes are identified and the appropriate tasks are selected to identify or prevent these failure modes as early as possible. By measuring and understanding the health of the equipment included in the strategy will determine the next phase of implementation. Methodologies to determine the failure modes of equipment include Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) and Failure Mode Mapping. often referred to as CBM or PdM. By using collected information about the equipment. the RE will develop and implement the Condition Monitoring program. Task #4: Performs statistical analysis on equipment failures to determine changes to the equipment maintenance plan . This entails determine what technologies will be deployed to which equipment based on an understanding of the capabilities of the CBM technologies to address failure modes and the resources available to apply to the most critical assets. Maintaining an effective criticality databasebinsures that the relative importance of each piece of equipment is understood so that strategies can be determined and work can be prioritized for the most effective use of resources. Hierarchy also includes all necessary component information and attribute data that will enable failure mode analysis. route adherence. The RE crafts a strategy of both preventive and condition monitoring tasks that are specifically designed to identify or prevent failure modes. Using the foundational elements to determine which equipment should initially be included as well as what technologies are deployed to what failure modes is a key to early success. The strategy is implemented according to the criticality database. Task #2: Ensures that all plant equipment has an equipment maintenance plan on file that matches the expected failure modes. Principal Technical Advisor Carey has held positions as a vibration analyst. Carey jointly developed the curriculum and shares his many case studies from his experiences with our clients in implementing best practices. Implementing the appropriate strategies enables a robust defect elimination strategy. Collecting and analyzing equipment failure data allows for the tracking of bad actors and identifying dominant failure modes. and his certifications include Thermography ASNT level I. Carey Repasz. Establishing processes for these five activities allow the RE to fulfill the primary mission: creating and implementing an effective strategy to identify machinery defects and eliminate the source of those defects and use the appropriate tools to continuously improve that strategy. facilitation of RCA and managing the Action Item Register. Proper facilitation will obtain the true root cause and identify appropriate action items that will not only solve the problem at hand but make possible system and process level improvements. Effective triggers allow opportunities to be identified without overwhelming the system. Effective management of an Action Item Database will drive ownership of the corrective actions as and make for an effective method to communicate and track results. Today he is a Principal Technical Advisor and is one of Allied Reliability’s Senior Instructors for the PM/PdM Best Practices Training. PdM analyst. . Ultrasonics level I and RCM Blitz™.Understanding what types of failures are most common through analysis of the Failure Reporting and Corrective Action System (FRACAS) enables the RE to make adjustments to the existing equipment maintenance plan. program manager and technical director for operations. Vibration ASNT level II. Statistical analysis of failure data using tools such as Weibull analysis allows the RE to accurately determine what type of maintenance strategy is most appropriate. Task #5: Leads and manages the Root Cause Analysis process Managing the Root Cause Analysis (RCA) Process consists of identifying appropriate triggers. Tools such as Availability Simulation allow for the optimization of task intervals. Carey is a Certified Maintenance & Reliability Professional (CMRP) through the Society for Maintenance and Reliability Professionals (SMRP). design. or Life-cycle cost (LCC). Condition Monitoring program design. Costs considered include the financial cost which is relatively simple to calculate and also the environmental and social costs which are more difficult to quantify and assign numerical values. Typical areas of expenditure which are included in calculating the whole-life cost include. maintenance. Tagged as: Condition Monitoring. search It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Total cost of ownership. Mechanical Engineering and Condition Monitoring program implementation. depreciation and cost of finance and replacement or disposal.1 Project appraisal o 3.Carey is a frequent speaker at industry conferences and focuses on Asset Health. planning. Contents [hide] 1 Financial 2 Environmental and social 3 Whole-life cost topics o 3. renewal and rehabilitation. maintenance supervision. operations. construction and acquisition. reliability { 1 comment… read it below or add one } Reliability Engineering September 20.2 Asset management 4 IT industry usage 5 Automobile industry. refers to the total cost of ownership over the life of an asset. Leave a Comment Whole-life cost From Wikipedia.[1] Also commonly referred to as "cradle to grave" or "womb to tomb" costs. The technique is applied according to the criticality data source. finances 6 See also 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External links . (Discuss) Proposed since August 2011. Reliability Engineering. the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation.. 2012 at 4:16 am This is great information. Whole-life cost. considering benefits and indirect or intangible costs as well as direct costs. usually compared to the "do-nothing" counterfactual. The primary benefit is that costs which occur after an asset has been constructed or acquired.[2] Almost all major projects have some social impact. It also allows an analysis of business function interrelationships. For a major project such as the construction of a nuclear power station it is possible to calculate the environmental impact of making the concrete containment. Low development costs may lead to high maintenance or customer service costs in the future.[edit] Financial Whole-life cost analysis is often used for option evaluation when procuring new assets and for decision-making to minimise whole-life costs throughout the life of an asset. and organisations may have failed to take account of the longer-term costs of an asset. become an important consideration in decisionmaking. Only by undertaking such an analysis is it possible to determine whether one solution carries a lower or higher environmental cost than another. the focus has been on the up-front capital costs of creation or acquisition. [edit] Whole-life cost topics [edit] Project appraisal Whole-life costing is a key component in the economic appraisal associated with evaluating asset acquisition proposals. the initial saving may result in increased expenditure throughout the asset's life. Typically the highest benefit-cost ratio option is chosen as the preferred option. In this way. Historically. . [edit] Environmental and social Main article: Life cycle assessment The use of environmental costs in a whole-life analysis allows a true comparison options. the whole-life costs and benefits of each option are considered and usually converted using discount rates into net present value costs and benefits. such as maintenance. An economic appraisal is generally a broader based assessment. especially where both are quoted as "good" for the environment. Previously. the water required for refining the copper for the power plants and all the other components. This results in a benefit cost ratio for each option. asset investments have been based on expedient design and lowest cost construction. If such investment has been made without proper analysis of the standard of service required and the maintenance and intervention options available. operation. This may be the compulsory re-location of people living on land about to be submerged under a reservoir or a threat to the livelihood of small traders from the development of a hypermarket nearby. disposal.It is also applied to comparisons of actual costs for similar asset types and as feedback into future design and acquisition decisions. decommissioning. this might be a worthwhile investment. If by investing 10% more per annum in maintenance costs the asset life can be doubled. testing infrastructure and expenses. historic performance of assets or materials. diminished performance incidents (i. [edit] Asset management During the life of the asset. floor space. appropriate intervention strategies. This includes the costs of training support personnel and the users of the system. The process requires proactive assessment which must be based on the performance expected of the asset. e-waste handling. in reality it will possibly perform well beyond this design life. marginal incremental growth. For assets like these a balanced view between maintenance strategies and renewal/rehabilitation is required. and the level of expenditure in maintenance to keep the service available and to avert disaster. or system considered. the point of intervention for renewal must be challenged. [edit] IT industry usage Whole-life cost is often referred to as "total cost of ownership (TCO)" when applied to IT hardware and software acquisitions. A TCO assessment ideally offers a final statement reflecting not only the cost of purchase but all aspects in the further use and maintenance of the equipment.e.[4] It has since been developed as a concept with a number of different methodologies and software tools. Although the general approach to determining whole-life costs is common to most types of asset. as will critical assets and asset systems. Use of the term "TCO" appears to have been popularised by Gartner Group in 1987[3] but its roots are considerably older. costs associated with failure or outage (planned and unplanned). this avoids issues with decisions being made based on the shortterm costs of design and construction. development expenses. Often the longer-term maintenance and operation costs can be a significant proportion of the whole-life cost.By using whole-life costs. . decisions about how to maintain and operate the asset need to be taken in context with the effect these activities might have on the residual life of the asset. costs of security breaches (in loss of reputation and recovery costs). electricity. dating at least to the first quarter of the twentieth century. The appropriateness of the maintenance strategy must be questioned. each asset will have specific issues to be considered and the detail of the assessment needs to be tailored to the importance and value of the asset. costs of disaster preparedness and recovery. the consequences and probabilities of failures occurring. device. High cost assets (and asset systems) will likely have more detail. effective monitoring techniques. Although an asset may be constructed with a design life of 30 years. boot image control. Other issues which influence the lifecycle costs of an asset include: site conditions. if users are kept waiting). Maintenance expenditure can account for many times the initial cost of the asset. quality assurance. and more. Some instances of "TCO" appear to refer to "total cost of operation". TCO also directly relates to a business's total costs across all projects and processes and. A. Comparative TCO studies between various models help consumers choose a car to fit their needs and budget. 2. 2nd edition.. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. TCO can and often does vary dramatically against TCA (total cost of acquisition). ^ Whole Life Costing For Sustainable Drainage 3. TCO has been used as a means to justify the up-front licensing costs of proprietary software. the TCO denotes the cost of owning a vehicle from the purchase. McGraw-Hill.1 2.Edition 1. Understanding and familiarity with the term TCO has been somewhat facilitated as a result of various comparisons between the TCO of open source and proprietary software. ^ About Gartner TCO 4.g. ROIT. IRR. in: The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. James L. 6. (2001): Integrating Life Cycle Cost Analysis and LCA. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. and finally its sale as a used car. thus. Jg.When incorporated in any financial benefit analysis (e. but this may be a subset of the total cost of ownership if it excludes maintenance and support costs. p. [edit] Automobile industry. In this context. EVA. ^ TCO: What's Old is New This article needs additional citations for verification. New York.. (1982). Studies which attempt to establish the TCO and provide comparisons have as a result been the subject of many discussions regarding the accuracy or perceived bias in the comparison. ROI. RJE) TCO provides a cost basis for determining the economic value of that investment. 118–120. through its maintenance. (November 2008) [edit] Further reading Riggs. G. Norris. 1982. Engineering economics. June 1998 . [edit] See also Benefits Realisation Management Infrastructure Asset management [edit] References 1. H. although TCO is far more relevant in determining the viability of any capital investment. finances Total cost of ownership is also common in the automobile industry. especially with modern credit markets and financing. . its profitability. Because the software cost of open source software is often zero. ^ Association of Local Government Engineers New Zealand: "Infrastructure Asset Management Manual". . Sheffield: Greenleaf Publ. Vol 12. (2000): Contemporary Environmental Accounting. Kicherer.: Eco-Efficiency. Tschochohei.Papers presented at the RTO Studies. A. Issues. Concepts and Practice. S. H. & Burritt. Schaltegger. 537-543. & Ferreira Pozo. 2007. Schaltegger. International Journal of LCA. France. 24-25 October 2001 . B. Analysis and Simulation Panel (SAS) Symposium held in Paris.. Combining Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Costs via Normalization. No 7. S. [edit] External links Whole-life cost forum Whole-life costing for sustainable drainage BSRIA article: "What is whole life cost analysis?" Role of depreciation Cost Structure and Life Cycle Cost (LCC) for Military Systems . R.