Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and SurfacingDivision Section 02 - Sitework 02500 - Paving And Surfacing 1 1 01 Part 1: General Summary The work covered by this section consists of providing all plant, labour and materials and performing all operations in connection with external paving and surfacing for parking lots, driveways, sidewalks and other paved areas related to buildings. Preparation of subgrade, granular subbase- and base courses are included in Section 02200 Earthwork. 1 01 01 Section includes 01.0 Asphalt concrete paving 02.0 Concrete paving 03.0 Concrete tile paving 03.0 Interlocking concrete block paving 04.0 Synthetic (proprietary) surfacing 05.0 Pavement marking 1 01 02 Products Delivered but not Installed under this Section 1 01 03 Products Installed but not Delivered under this Section 1 01 04 Related Sections 02200 Earthwork 03100 Concrete Formwork 03200 Concrete Reinforcement 03300 Cast-in-Place-Concrete 1 02 References 1 02 01 Applicable Standards 1 02 01 01 Saudi Arabian Standards ( 1 02 01 02 Gulf Standards 1 02 01 03 International Standards 1 02 01 04 USA Standards 1 02 01 04 01 American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) ASTM C 78 : 84 Strength of Concrete with Third-Point Loading) ASTM C 88 : 83 Aggregates by Magnesium Sulfate ASTM C 131 : 89 to Degradation of Standard Test Method for Flexural (Using Simple Beam Standard Test Method of Soundness of Use of Sodium Sulfate or Standard Test Method for Resistance Small-size Coarse GSBC - Ministry of Public Works and Housing - Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing Aggregate By Abrasion and Impact in Los-Angeles Machine ASTM C 936 : 82 Concrete Inter-locking (Amendment 1988) ASTM D 242 : 85 for Bituminous ASTM D 448 : 86 Aggregate for Road Construction. ASTM D 692 : 88 Aggregate for Mixtures Standard Specification for Solid Paving Units the Standard Specification for Mineral Filler Paving Mixtures Standard Classification for Sizes of and Bridge Standard Specification for Coarse Bituminous Paving ASTM D 994 : 71 Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete (Bituminous Type) (Amendment 1982) ASTM D 977 : 86 Asphalt ASTM D 979 : 89 Bituminous Paving ASTM D 995 : 88 Plants for Hot-Mixed, Paving Mixtures ASTM D 1073 : 88 Aggregate for Mixtures ASTM D 1190 : 74 Joint Sealer, Hot(Amendment 1980) ASTM D 1559 : 89 to Plastic Flow of Using Marshall Apparatus ASTM D 1560 : 81a to Deformation Mixtures by Means of ASTM D 1561 : 81a Bituminous Mixture Means of California Kneading Standard Specification for Emulsified Standard Practice for Sampling Mixtures Standard Specification for Mixing Hot-Laid Bituminous Standard Specification for Fine Bituminous Paving Standard Specification for Concrete Poured Elastic Type Standard Test Method for Resistance Bituminous Mixtures Standard Test Method for Resistance and Cohesion of Bituminous Hveem Apparatus Standard Method for Preparation of Test Specimens by Compactor ASTM D 1751 : 83 Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Bituminous Types) ASTM D 1752 : 84 Standard Specification for Preformed Sponge Rubber and Cork Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction ASTM D 2041: 90 Maximum Density of Bituminous Paving Standard Test Method for Theoretical Specific Gravity and Mixtures GSBC - Ministry of Public Works and Housing - Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing ASTM D 2172 : 88 Extraction of Paving Mixtures ASTM D 2397 : 85 Emulsified Asphalt Standard Test Method for Quantitative Bitumen from Bituminous Standard Specification for Cationic ASTM D 2419 : 74 Standard Test Method for Sand Equivalent Value of Soils and Fine Aggregate (Amendment 1979) ASTM D 2950 : 82 Bituminous Nuclear Method ASTM D 3204 : 86 Cellular Plastic Pressure ASTM D 3406 : 85 Sealant, Hot-Applied, Portland Cement Concrete ASTM D 3515 : 89 Hot-Laid Mixtures ASTM D 3666 : 90 Inspection and Bituminous Paving Materials ASTM D 4561 : 86 Systems for an Agency for Bituminous Paving ASTM D 4791 : 89 Elongated Particles in Standard Test Method for Density of Concrete in Place by Standard Specification for Preformed Joint Fillers for Relieving Standard Specification for Joint Elastomeric-Type, for Pavements Standard Specification for Hot-Mixed, Bituminous Paving Standard Practice for Evaluation of Testing Agencies for Standard Practice for Quality Control Inspection and Testing Materials Standard Test Method for Flat or Coarse Aggregate 1 02 01 04 04 American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) AASHTO M 17 : 94 for Bituminous AASHTO M 20 : 70 Graded Asphalt 1986) AASHTO M 81 : 92 Asphalt (RapidAASHTO M 82 : 75 Asphalt (Medium(Amendment 1986) AASHTO M 140 : 88 Asphalt AASHTO M 208 : 87 Emulsified Asphalt AASHTO M 226 : 80 Graded Asphalt 1986) AASHTO M 248 : 91 mixed White and AASHTO T 85 : 91 Gravity and Aggregate Standard Specification for Mineral Filler Paving Mixtures Standard Specification for Penetration Cement (Amendment Standard Specification for Cut-Back Curing Type) Standard Specification for Cut-Back Curing Type) Standard Specification for Emulsified Standard Specification for Cationic Standard Specification for Viscosity Cement (Amendment Standard Specification for ReadyYellow Traffic Paint Standard Method of Test for Specific Absorption of Coarse GSBC - Ministry of Public Works and Housing - Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Channels. Kerbs.0 Civil Engineering Standard Method of Measurement issued by the Institution of Civil GSBC . Specification 1 02 01 07 German Standards DIN 485 : 87 Precast Concrete Paving Flags DIN 18501 : 82 Concrete Paving Setts (Blocks) 1 02 02 Codes BS 6717-3 : 89 Code of Practice for Laying BS 7263-2 : 90 Precast Concrete Flags. Edgings and Quadrants/Part 1. Kerbs.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . Channels.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia .Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing AASHTO T 96 : 94 Resistance to Gradation of Aggregate AASHTO T 104 : 94 Soundness of Aggregate by Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate AASHTO T 164 : 94 Quantitative Extraction of Bituminous Paving Mixtures AASHTO T 166 : 93 Specific Gravity of Bituminous Mixtures AASHTO T 168 : 91 Bituminous Paving Standard Method of Test for Small-size Standard Method of Test for Use of Sodium Standard Method of Test for Bitumen from Standard Method of test for Bulk Compacted Standard Method for Sampling Mixtures AASHTO T 176 : 86 Standard Method of Test for Plastic Fines in Graded Aggregates and Soils by Use of the Sand Equivalent Test AASHTO T 209 : 94 Specific Density Mixtures Standard Method of Test for Maximum of Bituminous Paving AASHTO T 230 : 68 Standard Method of Test for Determining Degree of Compaction of Bituminous Aggregate Mixtures AASHTO T 245 : 94 Resistance to Plastic Flow Mixtures (See ASTM D 1559) Standard Method of Test for of Bituminous AASHTO T 247 : 93 Standard Method of Test for Preparation of Bituminous Mixtures by Means of California Kneading Compactor (See ASTM D 1561) 1 02 01 05 European Standards 1 02 01 06 British Standards BS 2499 : 93 Pavements BS 6044 : 87 Hot-applied Joint Sealing for Concrete Pavement Marking Paints BS 6717-1 : 94 Specification for Paving Blocks BS 7263-1 : 94 Precast Concrete Flags. Edgings and Quadrants/Part 2. Code of practice for laying 1 02 03 Other References 01. 0 Safety Guidelines for Storage of Chemical Materials as issued by the Ministry of Interior/General Civil Defense Administration. and expand and move together.a dark brown to black cementitious material in which the predominating constituents are bitumens which occur in nature or are obtained in petroleum processing. Arlington Heights.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . Asphalt Institute Building.see asphalt concrete bituminous emulsion . curbs . (asphalt) base course .a joint between concrete pavement slabs which have been constructed at different times where one face is poured against a previously finished construction. Some times called binding course. asphalt .see asphalt bituminous concrete . (2) A suspension of minute globules of water or of an aqueous solution in a liquid bituminous material binding (Binder) course .a joint to allow a concrete pavement slab to contract and move apart.asphalt cement which has been liquefied by blending with petroleum solvents (diluents).a layer or layers of specified material of designated thickness in an asphalt pavement structure laid below the surface (wearing) course. 2625 Clearbrook Dr. high quality aggregate. Maryland 20740 1 03 Definitions 1 03 01 Technical Terms aggregate . asphalt cement .a hard granular material of mineral composition such as sand. as for the RC and MC GSBC . contraction joint (in concrete pavement) .British kerbs cutback asphalt (bitumen) .IL 60005 04. crushed stone. asphalt concrete (bituminous concrete) .a fluxed or unfluxed asphalt specially prepared as to quality and consistency for direct use in the manufacture of bituminous pavements .. bitumen .0 Concrete Paving Manual as issued by the American Concrete Pavement Association. (granular) base course .aggregate retained on a 2. Kingdom of Saudi-Arabia 03. The joint is placed in the upper third of a slab and is formed by inserting a joint former in the plastic concrete or by sawing the hardened concrete. gravel.a layer or layers of specified or selected material of designated thickness laid on a granular subbase or subgrade below the asphaltic pavement structure. used for mixing in graduated fragments.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . thoroughly controlled hot mixture of asphalt cement and well-graded. England 02. compacted to an uniform dense mass.see (asphalt) base course coarse aggregate .(1) a suspension of minute globules of bituminous material in water or in an aqueous solution.0 Asphalt Paving Manual as issued by the Asphalt Institute.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing Engineers and the Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors. College Park.36 mm sieve construction joint (in concrete pavement) .high quality. slag. prime coat .the consistency of a bituminous material expressed as the distance in tenths of a millimeter (0.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . hydrated lime.075 mm sieve.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . penetration . fine aggregate .cutback asphalt composed of asphalt cement and a kerosene-type diluent of medium volatility mineral dust .a substance applied to the faces of the joint just before the sealant is applied in order to assist its adhesion.an application of a low-viscosity bituminous material to an absorptive surface. roadbase .a material that seals a joint by adhering to appropriate surfaces within the joint to prevent the ingress of water and deleterious substances. if not adequate. leaving the asphalt cement to perform its function.aggregate passing a 2. although other materials such as stone dust. designed to penetrate.lateral concrete backing of curbs and edgestones to restrain them in position when loaded.the layer or layers of specified or selected material of designated thickness placed on a subgrade to support a (granular) base course.1 mm) that a standard needle penetrates vertically a sample of the material under specified conditions of loading. and certain natural deposits are also used. Upon exposure to atmospheric conditions the diluents evaporate. and temperature. surface (wearing) course .cutback asphalt composed of asphalt cement and a naphtha or gasoline-type diluent of high volatility. The subgrade. (2) any course or courses of granular material (see granular subbase or base course) placed on the subgrade or by (3) an asphaltic subbase (roadbase) on the subgrade.a finely divided mineral material at least 70 % of which will pass a 0. If the subgrade is of adequate quality or is improved by one of the methods described under (1) (2) (3). dowelled (expansion) joint (in concrete pavement) .see subbase sealant primer. bond. Portland cement.36 mm sieve. medium-curing (MC) asphalt . may be improved by (1) the incorporation of stabilizers. it may serve as subbase course.a joint between pavement slabs where lateral and vertical displacement to allow expansion and contraction.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing cutback asphalt. rapid-curing (RC) asphalt .an application of bituminous material to an existing relatively non-absorptive surface to provide a thorough bond GSBC . subgrade .a joint placed in full depth between adjacent pavement slabs to allow the slabs to expand and contract .the undisturbed soil prepared to support a structure or a pavement system. joint filler . haunching .a strip of compressible heat-resistant material used to fill a joint space. joint sealant . (granular) subbase course . Pulverized limestone is the most commonly manufactured filler.a layer or layers of designated thickness used in asphalt pavement system between the subgrade and the intermediate base (or binding) course. expansion joint (in concrete pavement) . (asphalt) subbase course (roadbase) .the portion of fine aggregate passing a 0. time.the upper layer in a bituminous pavement tack coat (bond coat) . and stabilize this existing surface and to promote adhesion between it and the asphaltic construction course that follows.075 mm sieve mineral filler . 135ّ approximates to the mixing and laying C temperatures for hot asphalt pavements.g.) to be designed by the Contractor! 1 04 01 Design Requirements 1 04 02 Performance Requirements Note: Restrict this paragraph to statements describing performance requirements and operational properties of a complete system (e. viscosity grading . viscosity . including manufacturer's colour charts showing full range of colours.0 sixty (60) days before paving and surfacing works are scheduled to commence: 1 05 01 Product Data A complete material list and product data for each type of product proposed to be furnished and installed under this section to demonstrate compliance with specified requirements.0 thirty (30) days before paving and surfacing works are scheduled to commence: * 02. lifts.g between base course and surface (wearing) course). A minimum viscosity at 135ّ is also usually C C specified. It is one method of measuring the consistency of asphalt (bitumen). lifts.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . A/C System. The purpose is to prescribe limiting values of consistency at these two temperatures. A/C System.the ease with which a paving mixture may be placed and compacted 1 03 02 Abbreviations Q. textures.C. GSBC .g. Quality Control 1 04 System Description Note: Restrict this paragraph to statements describing design requirements and operational properties of a complete system (e.a classification system of asphalt cements based on viscosity ranges at 60ّ . 60ّ approximates the maximum temperature C of asphalt pavement surface in service.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia .aggregate graded from the maximum size down to filler to obtain an asphalt mix with a controlled void content and high stability. workability . and pattern for each type and composition of paving and surfacing as indicated for initial selection purposes. etc. shapes. well-graded aggregate . etc.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing between old and new surfacing (e.a measure of the resistance to flow.) to be designed by the Contractor! 1 05 with asterisk (*) ! Submittals Note: Select one of the options marked In compliance with Conditions of Contract and provisions of Section 01300 the following shall be submitted * 01. Records and reports of Contractor‘s major equipment. 1 06 04 01) Reports and records of External Q.e.C. Contractor's paver-.C.(ref. samples of each item shall be prepared on samples of adequate size and construction. testing and checking procedures shall be recorded on a daily basis (i. GSBC . 1 06 03.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . Reports and records shall be established in a manner to ensure traceability between batch records. motor grader.C. joint sealant and the like. in sets showing the full range of variations expected. and locations of placed paving and surfacing. design and extent to that work indicated for the project. test results. 1 06 01 Qualifications Contractor's site engineer responsible for asphalt concrete and road construction shall have at least five (5) years of documented experience in this field and shall be familiar with the referenced standards and shall have successfully completed work similar in material. Arrangements shall be made in Contractor’s work schedule and time allowed for testing and checking as indicated.(ref. (ref. indicating day.C.and asphalt distributor operators shall be familiar with all materials and equipment and shall have at least three (3) years of documented experience. month. 1 06 04 03) Reports and records of Field Q. 1 05 04 Quality Control Submittals Documented experience of contractors site engineer(s) and operator(s) (ref.(ref. 1 06 01) Reports and records of Source Q. 1 06 Quality Assurance Sampling. 3 03 01 50) Reports and records of Contractor's Internal Q. 1 06 04 02) 1 05 05 Handing-Over Submittals 1 05 05 01 Project Records 1 05 05 02 Operation & Maintenance Data 1 05 06 Other Submittals Mix design(s) of asphalt concrete including test results of tests as specified in ref. roller-. Manufacturer's instructions for admixtures.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 1 05 02 Shopdrawings 1 05 03 Samples Accompanying the above submittal. 1 06 02 Regulatory Requirements Note: Specify obligations to comply with specific code requirements for contractor designed items and other requirements of local authorities. year) including corrective actions taken by the Contractor if necessary. joint filler. 2 06 01 Certificates of compliance ref. bondbreaker. Reports and records shall be available for assessment to the Engineer not later than three (3) days after testing and checking.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . 1 06 04 Quality Control 1 06 04 01 Internal Quality Control Contractor’s Internal Quality Control shall include but not limited to: Checking suppliers test certificates and certificates of compliance for aggregate. All checking procedures and tests performed by the laboratory/Agency shall be properly documented and submitted to the Engineer within 3 days after checking and testing. concrete tiles and all other material delivered to the site prior to first delivery and each shipment that comes from another source than the previous one to confirm compliance with specification. 1 06 04 02 External Quality Control The Contractor shall employ and pay for a qualified independent testing laboratory/Agency which will supervise quality control procedures carried out by the Contractor and perform its own sampling. (at least every month) Field quality control as specified in Ref. Asphalt concrete and cement concrete delivered by ready-mix plants shall be inspected and tested at the mixing plant prior to first delivery. and checking shall be performed in indefinite intervals without giving previous notice.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . GSBC . and not more than 12 month old. asphalt concrete. The laboratory/Agency shall comply with requirements as stated in ASTM D 3666. tests. Checking correct storage of material at least every week.and tack coats. 1 06 04 03. granular subbase and base course material. curbs and edgings.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . Checking calibration of equipment prior to first use and periodically (at least every month) Checking maintenance of equipment to comply with manufacturers instructions. checking and testing services before and during paving operations in accordance with referenced standards and specifications. The quality control system established by the laboratory/Agency shall comply but may not be limited to requirements as stated in ASTM D 4561. Inspections. Checking suppliers delivery tickets of each delivery for completeness and compliance with supply order and specification. The laboratory/Agency shall be approved by the Engineer.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 1 06 03 Certifications Certificates of compliance. asphalt cement. asphalt for prime. 3 03 01 04 (Part 3: Execution) Source quality control as specified under Ref. indicating that any material proposed by the Contractor meets or exceeds the referenced standards shall be submitted by the Contractor prior to execution of any work. 1 06 04 03 Source Quality Control Aggregate for asphalt concrete and cement concrete shall be sampled and tested at the source prior to first delivery. issued by an independent agency/laboratory (approved by the Engineer). If utilities or structures are indicated. To avoid segregation. Discharging shall be done by crane or any other lifting gear. filler shall be stored and handled in a manner that excludes degradation and segregation and avoid contamination.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . Storage and Handling 1 07 01 Packing and Shipping For transport only equipment suitable for the location and type of work shall be used and maintained in proper working condition and in charge of skilled and competent operators. 1 07 02 Storage and Protection All aggregate. for which conditions of acceptance at site should be specified here! 1 08 Project. transfer lines. Damaged utilities or structures shall be repaired to the satisfaction of the utility owner and the Engineer or paid for the costs which may result from any of the Contractor’s operations during the contract period. paving blocks. they shall extent to the full height of the stockpile. at least one tank for each type and grade of asphalt. All tanks. geophysical reports etc.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . Asphalt shall be stored in tanks. the utility owner shall be consulted immediately for directions. 1 08 01 Existing Conditions Note: Should include references to documents where information may be found pertaining to such items as existing structures.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 1 07 Delivery.and Site Conditions Existing underground utilities and structures in areas of paving operations shall be located by the Contractor. public utility lines. 1 07 03 Acceptance at Site Note: Applies for Employer provided products only. Asphalt tanks should be calibrated so that the amount of remaining material can be determined at any time. If bulkheads are used. except when permitted in writing by the Engineer and when acceptable temporary utilities have been provided by the contractor. adequate means of support and protection shall be provided during paving operations. sand. Provisions must be made to prevent intermingling of different aggregates. curbs and the like shall be edge protected when delivered to the site.! 1 08 02 Environmental Requirements Refer to Section 01060 Regulatory Requirements. blended and combined aggregates shall be placed in layers not exceeding 1 m. pumps and weigh buckets have to be heated so that the asphalt remains fluid to pump. Provisions have to be made to prevent asphalt from oxidizing during circulation at all times. Existing utility serving facilities occupied by the Employer shall not be interrupted during occupied hours. For further requirements see ASTM D 995. 1 01 02 . When uncharted or incorrectly charted piping or other utilities are encountered. Consignments and packagings of flags. GSBC . 1 09 Schedules and Programs Note: Specify requirements for coordinating certain works which must be done in special sequence with. oil.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 1 08 02 01 Dust Control Dust caused by contractor’s operations on and near work shall be controlled by used of all means necessary. work in other sections. chemicals or other harmful materials. The particular sequence of events should be specified here! 1 10 Special Warranty Note: Describe special or extended warranty only (e.g. and where items are to be delivered! GSBC . when. 1 08 01 02 Pollution Prevention Necessary precautions shall be taken to prevent pollution of existing ground and sewage disposal network with fuel. in landscaping when warranty depends on growing periods may be exceeding the normal warranty period!) 1 11 Maintenance 1 11 01 Maintenance Service 1 11 02 Operation Services 1 11 03 Extra Material Note: Specify products to be supplied by the Contractor for future maintenance and repair and state to whom. or at the time as.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia .Ministry of Public Works and Housing . when subjected to five cycles of the soundness test (ASTM C 88).425 mm sieve shall not exceed 4. Coarse aggregate.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 2 2 01 Part 2: Products Asphalt Pavement 2 01 01 Mineral Materials 2 01 01 01 Aggregate for Asphalt Concrete Mineral aggregate for asphalt concrete shall consist of coarse aggregate. The plasticity index of the fraction passing the 0. Fine aggregate.36 mm sieve and shall consist of clean.20. Sources of aggregate shall be approved by the Engineer.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . and filler (when used) produce a mixture that conforms to grading requirements for combined aggregate in asphalt concrete mixtures. provided that the combined coarse and fine aggregates. naturally occurring or mechanically crushed rock or gravel or blended combinations of both. Table 2) The sand equivalent when tested in accordance with AASHTO T 176 shall be not less than 50.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . Coarse aggregate shall comply with ASTM D 692 unless otherwise specified in the project documents. gravel. shall have a weighted loss not greater than 12% when sodium sulfate is used or 18 % when magnesium sulfate is used. organic matters. or sand prepared from stone. Coarse aggregate grading shall comply to the requirements of ASTM D 448 or any other grading. If the bulk specific gravities of coarse and fine aggregates differ by more than 0. clay and any other deleterious substances which may effect the asphalt concrete mixture. when subjected to testing in the Los Angeles machine (ASTM C 131 or AASHTO T 96). fine aggregate and filler material if required. Fine aggregate grading shall comply with ASTM D 1073 or any other grading. provided that the combined coarse and fine aggregate. 2 01 01 02 Coarse Aggregate Coarse aggregate shall be the material retained on a 2. washed. shall have a loss not greater than 40% for aggregate used in asphalt surface (wearing) course or 50% for asphalt base course. shale. when subjected to testing in the Los Angeles machine (ASTM C 88) shall have a weighted loss of not more than 15% when sodium sulfate is used or 20% when magnesium sulfate is used. or combinations thereof. (See Annex 6. Aggregates shall be free from decomposed stone. Table 2) Coarse aggregate. crushed blast-furnace slag. and filler (when used) produce a mixture that conforms to grading requirements for combined aggregates in asphalt concrete mixtures (See Annex 6.36 mm sieve and shall consist of natural sand. GSBC . 2 01 01 03 Fine Aggregates Fine aggregate shall be the material passing the 2. Unless otherwise specified methods of sampling and testing shall be in accordance with relevant ASTM or AASHTO standards. the job mix formula has to be adjusted. slag dust. hydrated lime.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . and shall not foam when heated to 175ّ . 2 01 02 Bituminous Material 2 01 02 01 Asphalt Cement 2 01 02 01 01 Penetration graded Asphalt Cement Penetration graded asphalt cement shall be prepared by the refining of crude petroleum by suitable methods and shall be homogenous. mineral filler shall be thoroughly dry and free from lumps and other agglomerations and shall have a plasticity index not greater than 4. 2 01 02 02 Cut-back Asphalt Cut-back asphalt shall show no separation or curdling prior to use and shall not foam when heated to the application temperature. C Penetration graded asphalt cement shall comply with AASHTO M 20. free from water.0 Asphalt cement shall be penetration grade 60-70.75 mm sieve and up to 2% passes the 0. Cationic Emulsified Asphalt shall comply with AASHTO M 208/ASTM D 2397. 2 01 02 02 01 2 01 02 02 02 Rapid-Curing (RC) Type Medium-Curing (MC) Type (RC) Cut-back asphalt shall comply with AASHTO M 81.075 mm sieve. (MC) Cut-back asphalt shall comply with AASHTO M 82. and shall not foam when heated to 175ّ . Mineral Filler may consist of rockdust.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 2 01 01 04 Mineral Filler At the time of use. GSBC . hydraulic cement.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . free from water. Table 1) 2 01 01 05 Combined Aggregate See ref. 2 01 02 01 02 Viscosity graded Asphalt Cement Viscosity graded asphalt shall be prepared from crude petroleum by suitable methods and shall be homogeneous. Asphalt cement shall be penetration grade 70-100. 2 01 02 03 Emulsified Asphalt Emulsified Asphalt shall be homogeneous and shall comply with AASHTO M 140/ASTM D 977.0 02. fly ash or other suitable material and shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 17 or ASTM D 242 including gradation as indicated in Annex 6. C Viscosity graded asphalt cement shall comply with AASHTO M 226. 01. 2 06 01 Asphalt Concrete Mixes 2 01 01 05 01 Sand (for prime coat dressing) Sand dressing shall be any clean granular mineral material that passes by 100% the 4. 2 02 06 Bondbreaker Bondbreaker tapes shall be self-adhesive polyethylene or polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) tapes. fuel-resistant)] 05. ASTM D 1751.Ministry of Public Works and Housing .133 MPa/4133 kPa (600 psi) when tested in accordance with ASTM C 78. For further requirements see Section 03300 CAST-INSITU CONCRETE 2 02 02 Reinforcement (See Section 03200 Concrete Reinforcement) 2 02 03 Formwork (See Section 03100 Concrete Formwork) 2 02 04 Joint Reinforcement 01. Expansion joint filler shall be heat-resistant and shall comply with one of the following standards: ASTM D 994. 2 02 05 Joint Filler (for Concrete Pavement) Expansion joint filler shall be certified as suitable for the intended use.0 The dowel bars shall be high yield steel bars 600 mm long and 18 mm diameter.0 BS 2499 type F1 (high extension.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia .0 BS 2499 type F2 (low extension. closed-cell polyethylene or ASTM D 3204 Type II open-cell polyurethane.0 BS 2499 type N2 (low extension)] 03. ASTM D 1752. SSA 570 Sulfate-Resisting Portland Cement. One half of the length shall be coated with liquid asphalt. fuelresistant)] 04.0 ASTM D 1190 (hot-poured elastic type) 06. 2 02 07 Hot-applied Joint Sealant for Concrete Pavement Note: Guidance on selection of joint sealant may be obtained from BS 2499:Pt. 2 Joint sealant shall comply with 01. for portland cement paving) GSBC .0 ASTM D 3406 (hot-applied elastomeric type. The minimum 28-day flexural strength shall be 4.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 2 02 Concrete Pavement 2 02 01 Concrete The cement used for concrete paving shall comply with SSA 143 Ordinary Portland Cement/Rapid-Hardening Portland Cement. ASTM D 3204 Type I.0 BS 2499 type N1 (high extension)] 02. Nominal size 500x500x60 mm (length a width x thickness). 2 03 01 02 Bedding Sand Bedding sand shall be clean sand graded from 0. not more than 10% shall pass the 0. The surface shall be smooth and plane. Arises that will be visible after laying shall be without nibs and fins.2 01. Table 2 Concrete flags (tiles) shall be made from concrete by the wet pressed or semi-dry process and shall be sound and free of any defects that impair the strength or performance of the pavement.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . 3 mm for squareness of plan for flags not exceeding 450 mm length/width and 6 mm for flags exceeding 450 mm length/width. 02. The min.4 Nominal size 300x300x40 mm (length x width x thickness). depressions and crazing. The maximum dimensional deviation shall be 3 mm in thickness. nominal size 600x450 mm.075 . nominal size 600x450 mm. the surface layer shall be formed as an integral part of the flag and shall be not less than 12 mm thick. 2 mm in length and width.075 mm sieve. For flags (tiles) manufactured with two-part mixes.1 02.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . Nominal size 350x350x50 mm (length x width x thickness).9. Type B. Type A.3 01. The surface colour shall be natural unless otherwise specified. traverse (flexural) strength shall be as given in the Standard. thickness 50 mm.1 01.5 mm. Not more than 10% shall pass the 0. average traverse (flexural) strength of 6 N/mm2 with no individual unit less than 5 N/mm2. All edges shall be chamfered unless otherwise specified.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 2 03 Miscellaneous Pavement 2 03 01 Concrete Tiling 2 03 01 01 Concrete Flags (Tiles) Note: For dimensions and flexural strength required in BS 7263 see Annex 7: Specifier Information.75 mm sieve. thickness 50 mm.0 concrete flags shall comply with DIN 485 having sizes and thickness as indicated hereafter and shall have a min. 01.075 mm sieve.2 02. free from projections. Except as mentioned before. Nominal size 400x400x50 mm (length x width x thickness). however.4 Type A.0 concrete flags shall comply with BS 7263 and shall have sizes and thickness as indicated hereafter. 01. 02. Type B. thickness 63 mm. 2 03 01 03 Bedding Mortar Bedding mortar shall be sand:cement mortar 1:3 using 100% passing the 4. thickness 63 mm. GSBC . nominal size 600x600 mm. nominal size 600x600 mm.3 02. In composite blocks the surface (wearing) layer shall be formed as an integral part of the block and shall be not less than 5 mm thick. Any admixture to concrete shall be shown by test and experience not to be detrimental to concrete.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 2 03 02 Interlocking Concrete Block Paving 2 03 02 01 Interlocking Concrete Blocks (Pavers) Interlocking concrete blocks shall be made from concrete (normal weight aggregate) and shall be sound and free of defects that interfere with a proper placing or impair the strength or performance of the pavement. dimensional deviation from work sizes shall not exceed 2 mm in length and width and 3 mm in thickness.2 The block thickness shall be 65 mm. 01.0 interlocking concrete blocks shall comply with DIN 18501 and shall have an average compressive strength not less than 60 N/mm2 with no individual block less than 50 N/mm2.0 interlocking concrete blocks shall comply with BS 6717 and shall have an average compressive strength of 49 N/mm2 with no individual block less than 40 N/mm2. 02. When the wearing course is chamfered the chamfer shall not exceed 7 mm in width or depth.0 interlocking concrete blocks shall comply with ASTM C 936 and shall have an average compressive strength not less than 55 N/mm2 with no individual unit less than 50 N/mm2. 02.3 The block thickness shall be 80 mm.0 04.1 The block thickness shall be 60 mm.2 The shape/pattern shall be: System ‘Behaton’. 01. 01. GSBC . 3. 02.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . System ‘Classico’. 02. 01.5 The block thickness shall be 140 mm.3 The block thickness shall be 100 mm. block thickness not exceeding 140 mm. The abrasion resistance shall not exceed 3 mm when tested in accordance with ASTM C 418. 02. Except as mentioned before. 02.1 04. 4. 01. The surface colour shall be natural unless otherwise specified.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . The max.4 The block thickness shall be 100 mm.2 The block thickness shall be 80 mm.1 The block thickness shall be 60 mm. All arises shall be uniform in shape.4 The block thickness shall be 120 mm. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . and Edgings Concrete kerbs. wet-pressed or wet-cast).0 Paint shall comply with BS 6044 type A. channels and edgings shall be of plain precast concrete.3 04. 4. width or height. results of trial mixes such as specific gravity and density determination GSBC .075 mm sieve. 2 04 02 Pavement Marking Paint The paint shall be used as reflectorizing marking on bituminous and concrete surfaces and shall be certified for the intended use.075 . ref. Kerbs. and 2 mm in straightness and winding for units over 550 mm and 1 mm for units up to 400 mm. 05. made by any process (semi-dry.0 Paint shall comply with AASHTO M 248.4 System ‘Delta’. he shall submit to the Engineer all necessary documents including mix design. max. For units manufactured with two-part mixes.0 The colour shall be white 04. 02.0 The colour shall be yellow 2 05 Mixes 2 05 01 Asphalt Concrete Mixes At least thirty (30) days before the contractor intends to start production of asphalt concrete.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . channels and edgings shall have a fairfaced finish on faces which will be visible after laying and all arises shall be straight and without any nibs and fins.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 04. The paint formula shall be based on plasticized chlorinated rubber. aggregate size 20 mm. 2 mm squareness clearance. shapes and dimensions as indicated in the Standard and the project drawings. 2 03 02 02 Sand for Bedding Course Sand for bedding course shall be clean sand graded from 0. the surface layer shall be formed as an integral part of the unit and shall be not less than 25 mm. channels and edgings shall comply with BS 7263 having minimum traverse (flexural) strength (see Annex 6. 01. 03. modified epoxy ester. concrete class minimum C 15 (See Section 03300 Cast-in-Place-Concrete). 2 03 03 Synthetic (Proprietary) Surfacing Note: to be specified by the project specifier! 2 04 Miscellaneous Materials 2 04 01 Concrete Kerbs. or modified drying oil alkyd. System ‘Holland’.0 The surface colour shall be subject to approval by the Engineer. The maximum dimensional deviation shall be +-3 mm in length. Table 4). Not more than 10% shall pass the 0.9. Kerbs.5 System ‘Uni’. gradation of aggregate and filler.5 mm maximum. Channels (gutters). The colour shall be natural unless otherwise indicated. the temperature of asphalt cement shall exceed 176 ّ . from storage to mixing. The job mix-design selected by the contractor shall be suitable and adequate for the traffic. Any variation from the job-mix formula in the grading of the aggregate as shown by sieve analysis or any variation in bitumen content as indicated by extraction tests of the finished mixture greater than values shown in Annex 6. The appropriate job-mix formula shall be developed from trial mixes to determine one that meets all criteria of the specification and the design method used. ambient temperature and workability of the mixture.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing (AASHTO T 209 or ASTM D 2041) and determination of aggregate gradation and asphalt content (AASHTO T 164 or ASTM D 2172). Grading of combined aggregate and bitumen content shall conform to the requirements of Annex 6 / Table 3. The mixing plant shall be equipped and maintained in compliance with ASTM D 995 and shall be approved by the Engineer. aggregate and filler blended together in precise proportions. Each size of aggregate shall be separately fed by feeders in proper proportion and at a rate to allow correct and uniform temperature control of the heating and drying operation. GSBC . 2 06 01/Table 3 shall be investigated and corrected. Any time a change in gradation or proportions of mix is intended to make.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . ref. and specific gravity of the aggregates used and shall be based on the Marshall or Hveem method or shall comply with ASTM D 3515. The temperature between the given limits shall be regulated according to the grade of asphalt cement.5 mm for sub-base course -19 mm for base course-12.Ministry of Public Works and Housing .5 mm for surface (wearing) course Materials shall be mixed in a continuous or batch-type mixing plant. At no time during the processing. The hot-mix asphalt concrete mixture shall consist of asphalt cement. climatic conditions. Unless otherwise specified the nominal maximum aggregate size of the mixture shall be: -37. all necessary documents shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval prior to first delivery. C The aggregate shall be dried and delivered to the mixer at a temperature such that the mixture will be produced at a temperature within the range suited to the asphalt cement as given in Annex 6 / Table 3. all loose and deleterious material shall be removed by sweeping and. In places the distributor cannot reach. The thermometer well shall not be in contact with the heating tube. the granular surface shall be dampened with water. levels and alignments. 3 03 01 02 Prime and Tack Coating Prime coats and tack coats shall be applied by a pressure distributor. if the surface is dusty. The normal width of application of the spray bar shall be not less than 3 m.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . The distributor shall be provided with heating attachments. however with provision for the application of width less than 3 m if necessary.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 3 3 01 Part 3: Execution General Examination Before any operation starts.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . 3 02 General Preparation Contractor's site engineer shall make sure that all necessary tests. (See ref. The pump shall be equipped with a tachometer having a dial registering litres per minute passing through the nozzles. The distributor shall be equipped with a bitumeter having a dial registering travel per minute. The asphaltic material shall be circulated during the entire process. wave-like formations and corrugations which impair the riding quality of the surface shall be removed and leveled to tolerances as specified. 3 03 Installation 3 03 01 Asphalt Concrete Paving 3 03 01 01 Preparation Preparation of Subgrade (See section 02200 Earthwork) Holes and depressions in granular surfaces shall be repaired by removing all loose and defective material and replacing with granular patching material approved by the Engineer. Contractor's site engineer shall check that all areas to be paved have been prepared to specified grades.and tack coats shall be applied with a hand spray attached to the distributor by a hose. The dial shall be readily visible to the operator. Checking good working condition and proper adjustment/calibration of all equipment. prime. Means of accurately indicating the temperature of asphaltic material shall be provided. inspections and preparations have been made before paving operations start. The dial shall be visible to the driver/operator that he can maintain the constant speed required for application at the specified rate. 3 03 01 02 01 Prime Coating As prime coat a medium-curing cutback asphalt GSBC . 1 06 04 01’Internal Quality Control’)) Positions and levels of existing utility lines and any other underground structure shall be located and marked by the Contractor according to information obtained from utility owners. Immediately prior to application of a prime coat. Bumps. 7 litres/m2 as determined by trial tests and approved by the Engineer. excess sand shall be swept away.C 3 03 01 03 Asphalt Concrete Spreading.C Grade MC-70: Minimum 30 deg. Recommend Spraying Temperatures: Grade SS-1: Grade SS-1h: 20-70 deg.25 to 0.C Grade MC-250: Minimum 75 deg.0 grade SS-1 shall be applied at a rate between 0.9 to 2. Blotting includes spreading sand over the prime coated surface and rolling it with a pneumatic-tired roller. Before hot-mix asphalt concrete can be placed. 03.7 litres/m2 as determined by trial tests and approved by the Engineer.C 20-70 deg.7 litres/m2 as determined by trial tests and approved by the Engineer.0 grade CSS-1h shall be applied at a rate between 0. 03.C Grade CSS-1: 20-70 deg. however.25 to 0. 02.7 litres/m2 as determined by trial tests and approved by the Engineer.C The maximum temperature shall be below that at which fogging occurs. The bitumen emulsion shall be diluted with equal parts of water. 04. the excess cutback shall be blotted with clean sand.C Grade CSS-1h: 20-7.3 litres/m2 as determined by trial tests and approved by the Engineer.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . 02.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 01. Work shall be planned so that no more tack coat is applied than it is necessary for the day's operation.0 grade MC-250 shall be applied at a rate between 0.0 grade CSS-1 shall be applied at a rate between 0. Placing and Compaction 3 03 01 03 01 Spreading and Placing Hot-mix asphalt concrete shall be spread and finished true-to-line and graded by means of an automatically controlled paving unit except that the use of a paving unit may be waived and a manually controlled paver or hand methods may be used on irregular sections not accessible by a GSBC .25 to 0. 3 03 01 02 02 As tack coat a diluted bitumen emulsion Tack Coating 01. Recommended Spraying Temperatures: Grade MC-30: Minimum 30 deg. If after a normal curing time (about 24 hours) some of the asphalt still has not been absorbed into the base.9 to 2.0 grade MC-30 shall be applied at a rate between 0.deg.Ministry of Public Works and Housing .3 litres/m2 as determined by trial tests and approved by the Engineer.0 grade SS-1h shall be applied at a rate between 0.9 to 2.3 litres/m2 as determined by trial tests and approved by the Engineer.25 to 0.0 grade MC-70 shall be applied at a rate between 0. taking precautions to minimize segregation. Asphalt concrete subbase. asphalt concrete shall be placed on a clean hard surface and shall be protected from loss of heat and any possible contamination. base course and surface (wearing) course shall be placed in layers not exceeding 100 mm unless otherwise specified. Unless otherwise specified. the surface shall be inspected and all defects and irregularities in alignment. Asphalt concrete shall be placed in consecutive. Such conditions may include rain. At no times compaction shall be performed if the temperature of the spread asphalt concrete mix is below 85 deg C.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing paving unit. thickness of layer. -Camber: With roads to be cambered the average fall of the finished surface from the crown to the channel shall be not more than 3% nor less than 2%. Priming and placing asphalt concrete shall not be carried out when the weather conditions are. against which the asphalt concrete is placed. the finished surface of any course and layer shall be laid as follows: -Cross Falls: In case of roads with a straight cross fall. The asphalt concrete mixture shall be compacted as soon as the hotmix can be compacted without displacement at a temperature taking in consideration grade of asphalt. The vertical faces of gullies. in the opinion of the Engineer. shall be cleaned and primed prior to placing asphalt concrete. Compaction shall start by rolling in longitudinal direction from the sides to the centre of the surfaced area.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . When handlaying is necessary. The asphalt concrete shall be spread by hand in a loose uniform layer of even texture. curbs. channels and the like. pneumatic-tired rollers.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . However. or sand storms.8%. grade or texture corrected. -Longitudinal Fall: Longitudinal drainage falls in the channel (gutter) shall have a gradient of not less than 0. the fall shall be not more than 3% nor less than 2%. temperature of the base. Placing shall begin along the centre line of crowned sections or on the high side of areas with a one-way slope. temperatures below 5 deg C. any equipment used by the contractor shall be approved by the Engineer. ambient temperature and wind velocity and as approved by the Engineer. or vibratory rollers may be used unless otherwise approved by the Engineer. The finished surface shall be left flush with the top of but not more than 3 mm above such projections. adjacent strips with a minimum width of 3 m except where edge lanes require strips with less width. The asphalt concrete shall be tamped around and against such projections by means of hot tampers. content of filler. Gullies and similar projections shall be raised to their final level only after laying base course but before laying the surface wearing course. likely to affect quality of work. overlapping on successive passes by GSBC . Immediately after material in any layer is placed. 3 03 01 03 02 marked with asterisk (*) ! Rolling and Compacting Note: Select one of the options For compaction of asphalt concrete paving two-axle tandem steel-tired rollers. and before being rolled. Any irregularity that vary more than these tolerances shall be marked and corrected by suitable tools before the next layer is placed. Traverse Joints At the end of a day's work. If the joint is satisfactory. Longitudinal joints shall be rolled directly behind the spreading operation. Surface variations measured from the base of the straightedge to the surface of the pavement shall not exceed 3 mm in 3 m parallel to the centerline and not more than 6 mm in 3 m at right angles to the centerline. 3 03 01 03 03 Longitudinal Joints Longitudinal and Traverse Joints Offsetting of longitudinal joints in the various courses of asphalt concrete shall be at least 150 mm.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . Excess material shall be removed or additional material added. the asphalt concrete pavement shall be cut off vertically so that a full depth lift can be placed squarely against it.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . If straightedging shows an uneven joint. timbers shall be placed along the edge of a lane to prevent the roller from driving off the longitudinal edge and distorting it.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing at least half the width of the roll until thoroughly compacted and all roller marks have disappeared. During rolling. or that water retains on the surface.0 The density shall be not less than 96 % of the average density of 6 laboratory prepared specimens according to AASHTO T 245. When the paving operation has been continued. The contractor shall establish a test strip by which a rolling pattern to assure achievement of the required target density and the proper riding quality can be proved. The compaction achieved shall be adequate to obtain full strength in each course and layer and to assist adhesion throughout the pavement. and any irregularities that exceed the specified tolerances. GSBC . the smoothness of the course will be checked. The material being placed in the abutting lane should be tightly crowded against the vertical face of the previously placed lane. the surface of the newly placed asphalt concrete shall be scarified while still warm and workable. transverse rolling is continued in 150 to 300 mm wide increments until the entire width of the roller is on the new hot-mix. shall be corrected. * 01. Before paving is continued. The use of a bush hammer or any other impact devices will not be permitted. Before it is compacted.0 The density shall be not less than 92 % of the maximum theoretical density as determined by AASHTO T 209 * 02. the material along unsupported edges should be butted and slightly elevated with a tamping tool. the face of the traverse joint shall be tackcoated. the edge of the lane shall be tack-coated with asphalt before placing the adjacent lane. and the joint rolled. If the joint is satisfactory. excess hot-mix asphalt concrete shall be cleaned-off the surface and the evenness of the joint shall be checked with a straightedge. The loose uncompacted material should be left sufficiently high to allow for compaction to the depth of previously rolled and compacted lane. When the abutting lane is not placed in the same day. The first lane placed shall be true to line and grade and shall have a near vertical face. a 150 mm width of the hot-mix asphalt concrete is rolled transversely and the joint shall be checked for smoothness. 3 03 01 03 04 Surface Tolerances After completion of the final rolling. Then. 3 03 01 04 02 Compacted Hot-mix Asphalt Pavement After final compaction of asphalt concrete. 1 06 04 02 'External Quality Control'. Checking supplier's delivery ticket of each delivery for completeness and compliance with supply order and specification. non-uniform appearance. lean or dry mix.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . the joint faces shall be sandblasted to form a key and finally cleaned by compressed air just before primer and sealant application. foreign matter prior to application. To control the depth of sealant and to support the sealant against indentation and sag. density may be proved by using the nuclear method according to ASTM D 2950 -Degree of pavement compaction (AASHTO T 230) 3 03 02 Concrete Paving 3 03 02 01 Preparation 3 03 02 02 Concrete Placing 3 03 02 03 Surface Tolerances See Section 03300 Cast-in-Place-Concrete 3 03 02 04 Expansion and Contraction Joints Expansion and contraction joints shall be located as indicated in the project documents and shall be prepared as specified in Section 03300 Cast-in-Place.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . the bottom of the joint shall be filled with a joint filler which shall recover to maintain contact with the joint faces when GSBC .g. samples shall be taken in compliance with AASHTO T 230 from locations as directed by the Engineer. curing compound. dirt.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 3 03 01 04 Field Quality Control All required tests may be performed in conjunction with the laboratory/agency contracted by the Contractor and approved by the Engineer to inspect and supervise asphalt concrete production as mentioned under ref. The following tests shall be performed: -Thickness of layers -Density and specific gravity of asphalt concrete (AASHTO T 166) Alternatively. To conform compliance with the job-mix formula. One set of five samples shall be taken by core drilling in compliance with AASHTO T 168 for every 200 m run but at least for every 1000 m2 of paving. Cleaning shall be accomplished with suitable tools designed for cleaning pavement joints. cleaned of scale. For joint filling the joints shall be dry. flushing of mix etc. Test results not deviating from tolerances given in Annex 6/Table 3 will be taken as an indication for compliance but not as the sole basis for acceptance or rejection. 3 03 01 04 01 Uncompacted Hot-mix Asphalt Pavement Visual inspection of each shipment prior to placing to determine unsatisfactory conditions e.Concrete. samples of hot mix shall be taken at the point of delivery and extraction tests in compliance with AASHTO T 168 or ASTM D 2172 to determine aggregate gradation and bitumen content shall be performed for every 500 tons of asphalt concrete but at least one analysis per day. dust. The joint shall be filled to within 3 to 5 mm below flush with the adjacent concrete pavement to a minimum depth of 25 mm unless otherwise specified. Flags shall be laid to pattern with close joints (2-4 mm) on the full mortar bed and bedded to line and level by using a pavior's maul.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing the joint is still open. The sealant shall be heated to and maintained at a temperature as recommended by the manufacturer and shall be pressed into the sealing slots using suitable professional equipment according to manufacturer's instructions. it shall be carried out by using professional tools designed for such purpose. When mortar has set. curbs. channels or rigid abutments) shall have gained sufficient strength to support traffic loads and allow for compaction of bedding course. cutting flags shall be avoided. fine sand shall be brushed into the joints until completely filled. 3 03 03 Miscellaneous Paving 3 03 03 01 Concrete Flag (Tile) Paving Wherever possible. The primer and the sealant shall be compatible with the bondbreaker tape and the joint filler.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . 3 03 03 01 01 Preparation Preparation of Subgrade (See Section 02200 Earthwork) Before any laying operation begins. Any excess material shall be immediately scraped from the pavement surface with suitable tools. dust.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . Where a primer is recommended by the manufacturer of the sealant or is part of the joint filling system. Flags shall be laid to pattern with close joints (2-4 mm) on the undisturbed granular bedding material and bedded to line and level by using a pavior's maul. 2 03 01 02) shall be spread to give a nominal thickness of minimum 25 mm after placing of flags and shall be leveled and screeded. fine sand shall be brushed into the joints and completely filled. edgings. GSBC . A bondbreaker tape shall be applied on top when recommended by the manufacturer of the sealant or joint filler. Where spread mortar has begun to set without being covered by flags. 3 03 03 01 02 Bedding on Mortar A 1:3 cement:sand mortar shall be spread over the base course or prepared subgrade to give a thickness of 25 mm after full compaction. Before hardening and being solidified. Concrete fill around projections and obstructions will not be allowed except where unavoidable. After placing. traffic and any other contamination. the sealant shall be protected from damage caused by weather. the primer shall be certified by the manufacturer for the intended use and shall be applied in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. 3 03 03 01 03 Bedding on granular Material Sand (See ref. it shall be removed and replaced by fresh mortar.g. When necessary. adequate edge restraints (e. line and level as indicated in the project drawings or the like.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . (See Annex 6 / Figure 1) Units shall be backed and haunched with semi-dry concrete of at least grade C 15. adequate edge restraints (e. After compaction of the pavement blocks. 3 03 04 Miscellaneous Works 3 03 04 01 Concrete Kerbs and Edgings 3 03 04 01 01 3 03 04 01 02 Preparation Placing Preparation of Subgrade (See section 02200 Earthwork) Kerbs.g. 3 03 03 02 03 Compaction The paved surface shall be compacted using a plate compactor with a plate area of not less than 0.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . curbs. When setting up screeding rails to prepare the bedding course. leveled and compacted. fine sand shall be spread over the surface and brushed into the joints. 3 03 03 02 Interlocking Concrete Block Paving 3 03 03 02 01 Preparation Subgrade preparation (See section 02200 Earthwork) Before any laying and compaction begins. 3 03 03 02 04 Surface Tolerances Maximum permissible deviation from design level shall be +. Transmitting force shall be not less than 75 KN/m2. The flatness when measured from the base of a 3 m straight-edge shall not exceed 5 mm. a further 15 mm thick layer of fine sand shall be spread to create a loose surface on which paving blocks can be laid. channels and edgings shall be placed on a well compacted bed of semi-dry concrete of at least grade C 15 and lined and leveled along the top and front faces. allowance shall be made for the subsequent compaction of the bedding course and the pavement blocks Then. Revibration shall be carried out until the joints are completely filled. The difference in level between adjacent blocks shall not exceed 2 mm. GSBC . Haunching of edge restraints on the paving face shall be vertical down to the level of the underside of the bedding course. edgings. The flatness when measured from the base of a 3 m straightedge shall not exceed 10 mm at no time.25 m2. Pavements setts shall be laid with close joints to pattern. channels or rigid abutments) and any concrete haunching shall have gained sufficient strength to support traffic loads and allow for compacting of bedding course and paving blocks. 3 03 03 02 02 Laying A 50 mm thick sand bedding course shall be spread over the prepared subgrade or granular base course.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 3 03 03 01 04 Surface Tolerances Maximum permissible deviation from design level will be +. The difference in level between adjacent flags shall not exceed 3 mm.6 mm and -0 +6 mm for flags abutting channels or other fittings.6 mm. 4 mm if the average texture depth of the surface is not greater than 1. Any movement joint in the adjacent roads and parking areas shall be continued through the units and its beds.50 kg/m2. The paint shall be applied when the air temperature is between 10 – 25 deg C. straight units shall be used except for curves with a radius of 12 m or less.5 mm or a stripe having a wet film thickness not exceeding 0.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing Construction adjacent to kerbs. backing and haunching unless otherwise specified.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . 3 03 04 02 Pavement Marking The surface to be painted shall cure for a period of at least 7 days for asphalt concrete and 28 days cement concrete and shall be dry and free from loose particles.40 kg/m2 to 0. solid glass beads shall be applied evenly at a rate of 0. * 02. backing and haunching have reached sufficient strength to avoid displacement. The paint shall be applied by a professional striping equipment to give a stripe having a wet film thickness not exceeding 0. The difference in level and alignment of adjacent units shall not exceed 3 mm. channels and edgings shall not proceed until bedding.0 Units shall be laid with close dry joints. paving blocks. 3 03 04 01 03 with asterisk (*) ! Joints Note: Select one of the options marked * 01. with relative humidity not exceeding 85% and the surface temperature is less than 40 degC. All areas shall be kept free from traffic until all the painted surfaces have dried to no pick-up by tires. remainder of cut and broken flags.0 Units shall be laid with joints between 5-7 mm and filled with compacted 1:4 cement:sand mortar. 3 06 Demonstration Note: State requirements to demonstrate the operation and maintenance of equipment to GSBC . curbs and the like shall be immediately collected after placing and removed off site.5 mm.6 mm if the average texture depth is greater than 1. 3 03 05 Synthetic (Proprietary) Surfacing Note: Specify if any! 3 04 3 05 Field Quality Control Adjusting and Cleaning Discarded asphalt and cement concrete. Before the paint starts drying. 3 03 04 01 04 Tolerances Units shall be aligned so that they do not deviate more than 3 mm from their design alignment. Where curves are to be constructed.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . door schedule) to indicate what to put where.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing the Employer’s personnel.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . edgings and other vulnerable construction shall be protected by temporary casings when likely getting damaged by Contractor's heavy equipment.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . For pavement not subjected to traffic adequate precautions shall be taken to prevent any damage during construction.g. Curbs. 3 08 Schedules Note: Include schedules (e. including training if required! 3 07 Protection All paved surfaces shall be kept free from traffic until pavement has set. and provide other co-ordinating data if necessary! GSBC . The area surfaced is to be measured up to the bounding component where necessary.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . The width of each layer/course of material will be measured at the top of the surface. 4 02 Units of Measurement Paving and Surfacing will be measured by m2 for each specified material. Concrete flags and pavement blocks will be measured on the exposed side of the surface Road and pavement marking will be measured by linear m excluding gaps in intermittent markings.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 4 4 01 Part 4: Method of Measurement General The quantities to be paid will be measured in place or will be determined from drawings. Curbs. edgings. Where work is measured by area no deductions for voids/intrusions (e. channels and the like will be measured by linear m along the exposed face.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . manhole cover etc. for each specified thickness.) shall be made for voids not exceeding one (1) m2. Expansion joints in concrete pavement will be measured by linear m for each specified thickness GSBC .g. for rolling and compacting and for all labour and use of plant. equipment. excavation. for any location. traffic control. cleaning. curved and depressed runs. tools. No payment will be made for unauthorized operations. All other movement joints will be included in the unit price rate for concrete paving. jointing. The unit price rate for concrete curbs and edgings shall include reinforcing steel. sloped surfaces. or otherwise misused. The unit price rate for flags and paving blocks shall include jointing. for any location. testing.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . for straight. maintaining. The unit price rate for expansion joints in concrete pavement shall include joint reinforcement (if any). for corners. shall be replaced at Contractor’s expense. samples. for each material. connections to existing structures by cutting and milling. of each specified course thickness. disposed off site. GSBC . Material or work which does not conform to specification requirements shall be removed and replaced on Contractor’s expense. closing up temporary openings. quality assurance. backfilling and concrete bedding and haunching. and all other operations to perform the work. preparation. including ancillary works. The unit price rate for bituminous prime coats shall include blotting with sand for areas where asphalt has not been absorbed into the base. 5 02 Ancillary Works to be included in the Unit Price Rates The unit price rate for pavement shall include paving around openings. joint filling and sealing.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 5 5 01 Part 5: Basis of Payment General Payment will be in full compensation for furnishing.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . formwork. and ramped and dropped crossings. hauling and placing materials. Material which is unnecessarily wasted. 6 0 m m 0 . 3 0 m m 0 .Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 6 6 01 6 01 01 S i e v e s i z e 0 . 0 7 5 m m Annex: Tables and Figures Tables Mineral Filler Table 1: Gradation for Mineral Filler Mass percent passing (by weight) 100 95-100 70-100 6 01 02 Asphalt Concrete Table 2: Typical Composition of Asphalt Concrete Mix Designation and Nominal Maximum Size of Aggregate Siev Total Percent Passing (by weight) GSBC .Kingdom of Saudi Arabia .Ministry of Public Works and Housing . 8 (2.5 mm) and No.3 +/.18 mm) No. weight % of total mixture Temperature Range Biturme n Asphalt cement (conventional Mixes) F ˚ 2 5 0 t o C ˚ 1 2 1 GSBC .8 +/.36 mm) and No. (9.5 +/.5 No. 200 (75 micrometer) Bitumen content. 30 (600 micrometer) and No. (12.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . 16 (1. wei ght perc ent of Tot al Mixt ure 6 01 03 Sieve Size ½ in.5 mm) and larger 3/8 in.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . 50 (300 microm.) No.0. 4 (4.6 +/.Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing Asp halt Ce men t.7 +/.75 mm) Tolerances Table 3: Tolerances from Job-mix Formula +/. NOTE 3.0 13. the failing load for a 550 mm kerb of the same cross section tested on a span of x mm will be 13. and Edgings Table : Transverse strength of kerbs. Channels and Edgings Table 4: Concrete Kerbs.g.Units are placed in the testing machine with the depth as tested being the smallest dimension. e.3 kN. NOTE 2.3 NOTE 1. quadrants and angle kerbs are not tested for transverse strength.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia .Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 3 2 5 ˚ .Ministry of Public Works and Housing .The failing load for kerbs of various lengths may be obtained by extrapolation. Channels (gutters).0 Dropper Kerbs 125 255 to 150 10. 6 02 6 02 01 Figures Edgings and Kerbs Fig. 1: Typical section through a paved footway with rear edging GSBC .7 2. 7 ˚ 6 01 04 Kerbs. 1 ˚ t o 1 6 2 .3 3.2 8. if the failing load for a 125 mm X 255 mm X 915 mm kerb tested on a span of 750 mm is 13. channels and edgings Depth as tested (see note:1) mm 150 125 125 50 50 50 Width as tested mm 305 150 255 255 205 150 Failing load (see note:2) kN 22.1 2.3 X (750/x) kN.Outlet kerbs. 3: Types of kerbs.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . 2: Types of kerbs Fig.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . 4: Edgings and angle kerbs 6 02 02 Crossings GSBC .Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing Fig. shapes Fig. 5: Ramped crossing Fig.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . 6: Dropped crossing GSBC .Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing Fig.Ministry of Public Works and Housing . Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing Fig. 7: Ramped crossing with over-run areas using small element flaps GSBC .Kingdom of Saudi Arabia .Ministry of Public Works and Housing . 9: New town corner GSBC .Ministry of Public Works and Housing .Kingdom of Saudi Arabia .Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 6 02 03 Corners Fig. 8: Runout corner Fig. Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 7 7 01 Annex: Specifier Information Concrete Flags (Tiles) Table 1: Flag sizes according to BS 7263 Part 1 Flag sizes F W o r T h Table 2: Travers strength of flags according to BS 7263 Part 1 Transverse strength of flags F Minimum failing load for thickness GSBC .Kingdom of Saudi Arabia .Ministry of Public Works and Housing . Ministry of Public Works and Housing .Division 02 Sitework Section 02500 Paving and Surfacing 7 02 Interlocking Concrete Blocks (Pavers) GSBC .Kingdom of Saudi Arabia .