Technical Description

InformationSURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Technical Description (TED) A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 f Important Notice on Product Safety Elevated voltages are inevitably present at specific points in this electrical equipment. Some of the parts may also have elevated operating temperatures. Systems with forced ventilation have rotating items. Non-observance of these conditions and the safety instructions can result in personal injury or in prop- erty damage. The system complies with the standard EN 60950 / IEC 60950. All equipment connected has to comply with the applicable safety standards. Mount the systems in areas with restricted access only. Only trained and qualified personnel may install, operate, and maintain the systems. The same text in German: Wichtiger Hinweis zur Produktsicherheit In elektrischen Anlagen stehen zwangsläufig bestimmte Teile der Geräte unter Spannung. Einige Teile können auch eine hohe Betriebstemperatur aufweisen. Anlagen mit Zwangsbelüftung haben drehende Teile. Eine Nichtbeachtung dieser Situation und der Warnungshinweise kann zu Körperverletzungen und Sachschäden führen. Das System entspricht den Anforderungen der EN 60950 / IEC 60950. Angeschlossene Geräte müssen die zutreffenden Sicherheitsbestimmungen erfüllen. Die Anlagen dürfen nur in Betriebsstätten mit beschränktem Zutritt aufgebaut werden. Die Anlagen dürfen nur durch geschultes und qualifiziertes Personal installiert, betrieben und gewartet werden. Trademarks: All designations used in this document can be trademarks, the use of which by third parties for their own purposes could violate the rights of their owners. Copyright (C) Siemens AG 2004. Issued by the Communications Group Hofmannstraße 51 D-81359 München Technical modifications possible. Technical specifications and features are binding only insofar as they are specifically and expressly agreed upon in a written contract. 2 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 This document consists of a total of 134 pages. All pages are issue 1. Contents 1 Notes on this Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1.1 Customer Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1.2 Complementary Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1.3 Symbols Used in the Customer Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1.3.1 Symbol for Warnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1.3.2 Symbols for Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1.3.3 Symbols for Menu Displays and Text Inputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1.4 Notes on Licensed Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1.5 Form for your Ideas, Proposals and Corrections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3 Overview of the Main Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 4 Network Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 4.1 Terminal-to-Terminal Topologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 4.2 Linear Topologies with Add/Drop Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4.3 Local Cross Connect Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4.4 WDM Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 4.5 40 Gbit/s WDM Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 4.6 Ring Topologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4.7 Special TCP/IP Functions in Data Communication Network . . . . . . . . . . . 22 5 System Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 5.1 Basic Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 5.1.1 SURPASS hiT 7070 Main Shelf Functionalities (SC/DC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 5.1.2 SURPASS hiT 7070 PDH Microshelf Functionalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 5.1.3 SURPASS hiT 7070 Protectionshelf Functionalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 5.1.4 Switch Fabric Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 5.1.4.1 SDH Higher Order VC-4 Switch Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 5.1.4.2 SDH Lower Order VC-3/12 Switch Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 5.1.4.3 RPR Ethernet Packet Switch/Layer 2 Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 5.1.5 Multiplexing and Mapping Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 5.1.5.1 SDH HO Multiplexing and Mapping Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 5.1.5.2 SDH LO Multiplexing and Mapping Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 5.1.5.3 PDH Mapping into SDH Containers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 5.1.5.4 Ethernet Packet Multiplexer and Mapping Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 5.2 Control Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5.3 Clock Pulse Supply, Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 5.3.1 Synchronous Equipment Timing Source, SETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 5.3.2 Timing Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 5.3.3 Real Time Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 5.4 Overhead Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 5.5 Engineering Order Wire (EOW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5.6 Telemetry Interface (TIF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5.7 Auxiliary Channels for SDH (V.11/X.21) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 3 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 5.8 Software/Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5.9 Laser Safety, Automatic Laser Shut-down. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 5.10 Protection Switching. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 5.10.1 1+1 Linear Multiplex Section Protection (MSP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 5.10.2 1:1 Linear Multiplex Section Protection (MSP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 5.10.3 1:N Linear Multiplex Section Protection (MSP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 5.10.4 Bidirectional Self Healing Ring Protection Switching (BSHR) . . . . . . . . . . . 42 5.10.4.1 4-Fibre Shared Protection Ring (BSHR-4) for STM-16/64 Interfaces . . . . . 42 5.10.4.2 2-Fibre Shared Protection Ring (BSHR-2) for STM-16/64 Interfaces . . . . . 44 5.10.4.3 Configurable Squelch Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 5.10.5 (1+1) Path Protection Switching (Subnetwork Connection Protection, SNCP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 5.10.6 Packet Traffic Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 5.10.6.1 RPR Traffic Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 5.10.6.2 LCAS (Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 5.10.7 Interface Card Protection (1+1 Port Protection). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 5.10.8 SDH Card Protection Combined with MSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 5.10.8.1 1:N card protection of the IFO155M-E cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 5.10.9 PDH Card Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 5.10.9.1 1:N card protection of the IF2M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 5.10.9.2 1 :1 card protection of the 35/45M (from R3.0 on) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 5.10.10 Core Card Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 5.10.10.1Card Protection HO Switch Fabric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 5.10.10.2Card Protection LO Switch Fabric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 5.10.10.3Central Clock Unit Card Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 5.10.11 Extension Shelf Protection (for PDH Microshelf) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 5.10.12 Fan Unit Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 5.11 Extension Traffic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 5.12 Operating Terminal TNMS CT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 5.13 Connection to Network Management Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 6 Components of the SURPASS hiT 7070 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 6.1 List of Cards Used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 6.2 Power Supply of the Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 6.3 Optical Mux/Demux for 40 Gbit/s Interface (IFS40G-MX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 6.4 Single STM-64 Optical Interface (IFS10G/IFS10GB). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 6.5 STM-64 Optical Interface for Metro WDM (IFS10G-M) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 6.6 STM-64 Optical Interface for Long Haul WDM (IFS10G-R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 6.7 STM-64 Optical Interface for WLS WDM (IFS10G-WLS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 6.8 Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 6.9 Quad STM-16 Optical Interface (IFQ2G5/IFQ2G5B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 6.10 Single STM-16 Optical Interface (IFS2G5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 6.11 Single STM-16 Optical Interface (IFS2G5B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 6.12 Single STM-16 Optical Interface for WDM (IFS2G5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 6.13 Quad STM-4 Optical Interface (IFQ622M) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 6.14 Octal STM-1 Optical Interface (IFO155M) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 6.15 Octal STM-1 Optical Interface (IFO155M-E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 6.16 Ethernet Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 4 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 6.16.1 Quad Gigabit Ethernet - Optical (IFQGBE). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 6.16.2 Quad Gigabit Ethernet - GBE Optical - with L2 Service Multiplexer (IFQGBEB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 6.16.3 Quad Gigabit Ethernet - Electrical (IFQGBE-E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 6.16.4 Quad Gigabit Ethernet - GBE Electrical - with L2 Service Multiplexer option (IFQGBEB-E). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 6.16.5 Octal Ethernet and Fast Ethernet - Optical IFOFE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 6.16.6 Octal Ethernet and Fast Ethernet - Electrical IFOFE-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 6.16.7 Octal Ethernet and Fast Ethernet - Electrical IFOFES-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 6.17 Interface Single Optical Amplifier IFSOA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 6.18 Interface Single Optical Amplifier/PDC IFSOA-PDC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 6.19 Interface Single Optical Booster IFSOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 6.20 Interface Single Optical Booster/PDC IFSOB-PDC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 6.21 2 Mbit/s PDH Interface (IF2M) for Single-Row Subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 6.22 34/45 Mbit/s PDH Interface (IF345M) for Single-Row Subrack . . . . . . . . . 70 6.23 Line Switch Unit (LSU) for Single-Row Subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 6.24 Switch Fabric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 6.24.1 VC-4 Switch Fabric (SF160G) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 6.24.2 VC-3/12 Switch Fabric (SF10G) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 6.24.3 VC-3/12 Switch Fabric (SF2G5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 6.24.4 RPR Packet Switch Fabric (PF2G5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 6.25 PDH Extension Link (LNQ622M) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 6.26 Central Clock Unit (CLU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 6.27 System Controller (SCOH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 6.28 Network Element Alarm Panel NEAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 6.29 Connector Panel COPA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 6.30 Clock Adapter Box T3/T4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 6.31 External Alarm Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 6.32 Telemetry Interface TIF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 6.33 Fan Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 6.34 External Shelves for Special Purposes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 6.34.1 SURPASS hiT 7070 Extension Shelf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 6.34.1.1 Microshelf Core Card (ESM Core) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 6.34.1.2 Microshelf Connector Panel MS-COPA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 6.34.1.3 Microshelf Alarm Panel MS-AP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 6.34.2 SURPASS hiT 7070 Lambda Shelf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 6.34.3 SURPASS hiT 7070 Protectionshelf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 6.34.3.1 Protectionshelf Connection and Alarm Panel (PS-COPA/NEAP) . . . . . . . . 78 6.34.3.2 Schematic Labelling of one Port of the Protectionshelf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 7 Mechanical Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 7.1 Racks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 7.2 Fuse Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 7.3 Subracks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 7.3.1 Single-Row Subrack (SURPASS hiT 7070 SC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 7.3.2 Double-Row Subrack (SURPASS hiT 7070 DC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 7.3.3 Microshelf Subrack (SURPASS hiT 7070 Microshelf) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 7.3.4 Protectionshelf Subrack (SURPASS hiT 7070 Protectionshelf) . . . . . . . . . 84 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 5 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 7.4 Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 7.4.1 Insertion and Extraction Aids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 8 System Control and Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 8.1 Indicating and Operating Elements of the Network Element . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 8.1.1 Operating Devices of the Subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 8.1.2 Operating and Display Elements of the Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 8.2 Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 8.3 Control and Monitoring by the TNMS CT in LCT mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 8.3.1 Access Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 8.3.2 User Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 8.4 Control and Monitoring by the TNMS CT in NCT mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 8.5 Control and Monitoring by a Network Management System . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 9 Commissioning and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 9.1 Commissioning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 9.2 Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 9.3 Self Test/Test Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 10 Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 10.1 Traffic Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 10.1.1 40 Gbit/s (4 x STM-64) Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 10.1.2 Interface for Long-Haul DWDM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 10.1.3 Interface for Metro DWDM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 10.1.4 Optical STM-64 Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 10.1.5 Optical STM-16 Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 10.1.6 Optical STM-4 Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 10.1.7 Optical STM-1 Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 10.1.8 Electrical STM-1 Interface (ES1 acc. to ITU-T G.703) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 10.1.9 Electrical 2 Mbit/s Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 10.1.10 Electrical 34 / 45 Mbit/s Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 10.1.11 Gigabit Ethernet Interface (1000Base-SX/LX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 10.1.12 Ethernet Interface 10/100/1000BaseT, Electrical. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 10.1.13 Fast Ethernet Traffic Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 10.2 Control Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 10.2.1 F Interface for Operating Terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 10.2.2 Q Interface for Network Management System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 10.2.3 QF2 Interface for Network Management System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 10.2.4 Qext Interface for Network Management System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 10.3 Signaling Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 10.3.1 Fault Indication and Service Status LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 10.4 Overhead Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 10.4.1 EOW Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 10.4.2 V.11/X.21 Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 10.5 External Alarm Interface (TIF) for Customer-specific Channels. . . . . . . . . 119 10.6 Interfaces for Network Clock Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 10.6.1 2048-kHz Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 10.6.2 2048-kbit/s Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 10.7 Protection Switching Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 6 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10.7.1 Linear 1+1 MSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 10.7.2 Linear 1:N MSP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 10.7.3 Bidirectional Self-Healing Ring Protection BSHR-4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 10.7.4 Bidirectional Self-Healing Ring Protection BSHR-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 10.7.5 SNC Path Protection Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 10.7.6 1:N Card Protection of the IFO155M-E (electr. 155Mbps/STM-1 Card Protection) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 10.7.7 RPR Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 10.7.8 Optical Interface Card Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 10.7.9 1:N Card Protection of the IF2M (PDH Card Protection) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 10.7.10 1+1 Card Protection of the IF345M (PDH Card Protection) . . . . . . . . . . . 122 10.7.11 Card Protection of HO Switch Fabric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 10.7.12 Card Protection of LO Switch Fabric. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 10.7.13 Card Protection of CLU. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 10.8 Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 10.9 Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 10.9.1 Climatic Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 10.9.2 Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 10.10 Dimensions in mm (WxHxD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 10.11 Weights in kg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 11 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 12 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 7 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Illustrations Fig. 4.1 Terminal-to-Terminal Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Fig. 4.2 Add/Drop Function within a Linear Chain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Fig. 4.3 Local Cross Connect Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Fig. 4.4 Metro-WDM Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Fig. 4.5 40 Gbit/s WDM Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Fig. 4.6 Example for Multiple Ring Network and Ring Gateways . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Fig. 5.1 Block Diagram of SURPASS hiT 7070 (Sample Configuration) . . . . . . . 23 Fig. 5.2 Block Diagram of SURPASS hiT 7070 Microshelf (Sample Configuration) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Fig. 5.3 Higher Order VC-4 Switch Fabric Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Fig. 5.4 Lower Order VC-3/12 Switch Fabric Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Fig. 5.5 RPR Ring (Routing Example) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Fig. 5.6 SDH and PDH Multiplex Structures used in SURPASS hiT 7070 . . . . . 29 Fig. 5.7 Overview of SETS Function According to ITU-T G.783 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Fig. 5.8 Linear 1+1 MSP, Fault-free Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Fig. 5.9 1+1 Linear MSP, Switch to Protection Line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Fig. 5.10 1+1 MSP, Equipment Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Fig. 5.11 1:1 MSP, Equipment Architecture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Fig. 5.12 Equipment Architecture for 1:N Linear MSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Fig. 5.13 BSHR-4, Equipment Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Fig. 5.14 Equipment Architecture for BSHR-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Fig. 5.15 1+1 SNCP in SURPASS hiT 7070 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Fig. 5.16 Relationship between the Ethernet and SDH Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Fig. 5.17 Fiber failure between Nodes 11 and 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Fig. 5.18 Principle of HO Switch Fabric Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Fig. 5.19 Principle of LO Switch Fabric Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Fig. 5.20 Traffic Flow between Main Shelf and Extension Shelf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Fig. 5.21 Interface Associations of a local / remote LCT, NCT and TMN Transmission System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Fig. 5.22 Embedding of SURPASS hiT 7070 NEs in a TMN System . . . . . . . . . . 58 Fig. 6.1 Overview of the SURPASS hiT 7070 System Components . . . . . . . . . . 59 Fig. 6.2 Block Diagram of IFS40G-MX. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Fig. 6.3 Front View of the NEAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Fig. 6.4 Connector Locations on the COPA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Fig. 6.5 Connector Locations on the MS-COPA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Fig. 6.6 Front View of the MS-AP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Fig. 6.7 Lambda Shelf, Wavelength Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Fig. 6.8 Multiplex Structure within the Lambda Shelf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Fig. 6.9 Front panel view of the Protectionshelf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Fig. 6.10 Protectionshelf PS-COPA/NEAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Fig. 6.11 Labelling of a port of the Protectionshelf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Fig. 7.1 ETSI Rack Equipped with One SURPASS hiT 7070 DC Double-Row Subrack and One SURPASS hiT 7070 SC Single-Row Subrack . . . . . . 81 8 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Fig. 7.2 Single-Row Subrack, Front View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Fig. 7.3 Double-Row Subrack, Front View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Fig. 7.4 SURPASS hiT 7070 Microshelf Equipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Fig. 7.5 Subrack Protectionshelf (Frontview) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Fig. 7.6 Standard Card, Mechanical Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Fig. 7.7 Half Height Card, Mechanical Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Fig. 7.8 Insertion and Extraction Aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Fig. 8.1 LED Displays of the Cards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Fig. 8.2 Sample Application for the LCT Mode in a Transmission Network . . . . 91 Fig. 8.3 Graphical User Interface for SURPASS hiT 7070 DC (Sample) . . . . . . 92 Fig. 8.4 Sample Application for NCT and LCT in a Transmission Network . . . . 93 Fig. 10.1 Definition of Measurement Points for 4 x 10 Gbit/s line interface parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 9 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Tables Tab. 5.1 1+1 MSP, Traffic Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Tab. 5.2 1:1 MSP, Traffic Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Tab. 5.3 BSHR-4, Traffic Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Tab. 5.4 BSHR-2, Traffic Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Tab. 6.1 Overview of the Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Tab. 6.2 Alarm Displays of the NEAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Tab. 6.3 LEDs in the QF2 Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Tab. 6.4 EOW LED, Telephone Handset Status Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Tab. 6.5 PS-COPA/NEAP electrical interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Tab. 6.6 PS-COPA/NEAP alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Tab. 10.1 Characteristics of 40 Gbit/s (4 x STM-64) Interface (Part 1) . . . . . . . . . . 95 Tab. 10.2 Characteristics of 40 Gbit/s (4 x STM-64) Interface (Part 2) . . . . . . . . . . 96 Tab. 10.3 Characteristics of 1550 nm colored interfaces for long haul DWDM . . . 97 Tab. 10.4 WDM Frequencies and Wavelengths of the OTU Interface . . . . . . . . . . 98 Tab. 10.5 Characteristics of Optical 10 Gbit/s WDM Metro Interface . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Tab. 10.6 Characteristics of STM-64 Interfaces I-64.1 and S-64.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Tab. 10.7 Characteristics of STM-64 Interfaces S64-2b, L64-2b and L64-3. . . . . 102 Tab. 10.8 Characteristics of STM-64 Interfaces S64-3b, V64-2a, V64-3 . . . . . . . 103 Tab. 10.9 Characteristics of STM-16 Interfaces I-16, S-16.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Tab. 10.10 Characteristics of STM-16 Interfaces L-16.1, L-16.2, L-16.3 . . . . . . . . 105 Tab. 10.11 Characteristics of STM-16 JE-33dB-16.2/3 and JE 47dB-16.2/3 Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Tab. 10.12 Characteristics of STM-16 WDM Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 Tab. 10.13 Characteristics of STM-4 Interfaces S-4.1, L-4.1, L-4.2, L-4.3 . . . . . . . 109 Tab. 10.14 Characteristics of STM-16 V-4.2 and V-4.3 Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Tab. 10.15 Characteristics of Optical STM-1 Interfaces S-1.1, L-1.1, L-1.2, L-1.3 . 112 Tab. 10.16 Characteristic of Electrical 34 Mbit/s Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Tab. 10.17 Characteristics of Electrical 45 Mbit/s Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Tab. 10.18 Characteristics of Optical 1.250 GBaud Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Tab. 10.19 Characteristics of Optical 125 Mbaud Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 10 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 1 Notes on this Documentation 1.1 Customer Documentation The Customer Documentation of the SURPASS hiT 7070 comprises the following descriptions and manuals: • Technical Description (TED) The Technical Description TED gives an overview of the application, performance features, interfaces and functions of the SURPASS hiT 7070. It also contains the most important technical data. The Technical Description does not contain any instructions to be carried out. i • Installation and Test Manual (ITMN) The Installation and Test Manual ITMN contains instructions on mounting, connecting and commissioning the SURPASS hiT 7070, and connecting and commissioning the LCT and NCT operating terminals. Any work using the Installation and Test Manual ITMN presumes knowledge of the Operator Guidelines OGL. • Operator Guidelines (OGL) The Operator Guidelines provide information on how to operate, monitor and maintain the SURPASS hiT 7070 using the Element Manager software (Application Software) running on the LCT or NCT operating terminal. Besides the OGL, the Online Help of the SURPASS hiT 7070 software is of high i importance for the operator. In addition to GUI window descriptions and task instructions, the Operator Guidelines describe remedial actions to be followed in the case of alarms. • Graphical User Interface Manual (GUIMN) The contents of the Graphical User Interface Manual are identical to the complete online help, but converted to a printable PDF file. In addition, every GUI-related help window is supplemented by a sample screenshot. 1.2 Complementary Documents In addition to the SURPASS hiT 7070 customer documentation listed in Chapter 1.1, there is further documentation: • SURPASS hiT 7070 Release Note This document identifies the specific version of the SURPASS hiT 7070 and provides information on HW, SW, LCT/NCT components and the limitations of the release as well as important notes concerning the customer documentation. • TNMS CT User Manual This manual provides information about the TNMS CT software, integrating description, installation, operation and a graphical user interface explanation. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 11 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 • SURPASS hiT 7070 Cabling Plan This document provides detailed information about the external interfaces and the external cabling of the SURPASS hiT 7070 subrack. The Cabling Plan is supplied with the separate Complementary Documentation of the SURPASS hiT7070 (CD- ROM ordering number S42022-L5035-R1). • SIPAC Installation Instruction This document provides detailed information about the SIPAC connectors and their handling. The SIPAC Installation Instruction is supplied with the separate Complementary Documentation of the SURPASS hiT7070 (CD-ROM ordering number S42022-L5035-R1). 1.3 Symbols Used in the Customer Documentation 1.3.1 Symbol for Warnings This symbol identifies notes which, if ignored, can result in personal injury or in ! permanent damage to the equipment. 1.3.2 Symbols for Notes This symbol identifies notes providing information which extends beyond the immediate i context. ⇒ Denotes a point in the text which contains specific handling instructions. ☞ Cross reference to other chapters in this manual or cross reference to other manuals. Help Note on the online help system of the relevant application software concerned. 1.3.3 Symbols for Menu Displays and Text Inputs Menu options from pop-up menus or inputs to be made by the user (texts, commands) are displayed consecutively in their hierarchical sequence in pointed brackets: <Menu> <Menu item> <Command text> <Parameter> etc. 1.4 Notes on Licensed Software This documentation refers to software products which were taken over from other companies as licenses. Should problems arise, you should contact Siemens AG as the licensee and not the relevant licenser. For details about the used software licenses please contact your Siemens sales and distribution partner. 12 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 1.5 Form for your Ideas, Proposals and Corrections We aim to provide clear, user-friendly documentation. To achieve this objective, your practical experience is very important. We appreciate your suggestions. To offer you, the user, a cost-effective opportunity to identify weak points or requests for documentation, we have compiled a form for you on the next page. You can use it as a master or as a printout in electronic documentation. Please enter your ideas, proposals and corrections on the copy (enclose further pages, if required). The following points are of particular importance to us: • Where are we offering too much or too little detail? • Where should more explanatory graphics be used? • Where is the description difficult to understand? • How can the basic structure of the description or the manual be improved? Please forward your feedback as a letter, fax or E-Mail to our address given overleaf. If you want a reply or need to discuss anything with us, please complete the “Sender” field in full. Many thanks for your feedback! A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 13 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 To Sender SIEMENS AG Name: Siemens Communications Com FN T D PD .......................................................................... Hofmannstrasse 51 D-81359 Munich, Germany Address: .......................................................................... .......................................................................... Department: Tel./Fax: E-Mail: ................................... .................................... Date: Signed: .................................... I use this manual as My functions include (...) Service documentation (...) System commissioning/Startup (...) Commissioning/System startup documentation (...) Operation (...) A general introduction (...) Maintenance (...) A reference work (...) Sales (...) A text book (...) Teaching activities (...) _______________________________ (...) _______________________________ Page Comments on the Documents TED, ITMN, OGL, GUIMN or on the Online Help1) 1) Please mark the document concerned. 14 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 2 Introduction SURPASS hiT 7070 is a multi-service provisioning platform with add/drop, terminal and cross-connect functionality for universal installation at all network levels. All applications can be implemented using a single subrack. Reconfiguration during operation is possible. SURPASS hiT 7070 transports data signals and standard voice based traffic over one single platform. For transporting data in the most economic way, the SURPASS hiT 70xx product line combines technologies such as Generic Framing Procedure (GFP) and Resilient Packet Ring (RPR) with the reliability and robustness of SDH networks and a quality of service. Due to its flexibility a huge amount of application fields for SURPASS hiT 7070 network elements are available in different transport layers: • Local: Access Layer Narrowband (SDH) • Regional: Metropolitan Layer Broadband (SDH / DWDM) • National: Long Distance Layer Broadband (SDH / DWDM) The SURPASS hiT 7070 provides full cross connectivity between all interfaces. The capacity of the central switching network is: • up to 1024x1024 STM-1equivalents for DC systems. This is valid for the layer VC-4 and for all cross connection types (unidirectional, bidirectional and broadcast). Additionally, if one or more low order switch card is plugged in the system, up to 64x64 VC-4 equivalents can be cross-connected on a VC-3 and VC-12 level for each low order switch card. • up to 704x704 STM-1 equivalents for SC systems. This is valid for the layer VC-4 and for all cross connection types (unidirectional, bidirectional and broadcast). Additionally, if one or more low order switch card is plugged in the system, up to 64x64 VC-4 equivalents can be cross-connected on a VC-3 and VC-12 level for each low order switch card. Point-to-point and point-to-multipoint Ethernet traffic is supported. ”State-of-the-art” protection switching mechanisms are supported to enable an optimum network with the very highest reliability to be realized – depending on the relevant network topology and the requirements of the network operator, see Chapter 5.10. According to requirements two SURPASS hiT 7070 subrack types are available: single- row subrack (SC) and double-row subrack (DC). Furthermore subracks for special cases (e.g. extension shelf for PDH cards) are available (for SC only), see Chapter 7.3. For detailed information about the features of SURPASS hiT 7070 see Chapter 3. i A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 15 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 3 Overview of the Main Features Subrack Types – Double-row subrack (DC) – Single-row subrack (SC) Extension shelves – Metro WDM OADM (Lambda Shelf) – Booster/Preamplifier shelf – DCM shelf – PDH extension shelf (Microshelf) – Protectionshelf for electrical STM-1 card protection Switch Matrices – Double-row subrack: Fully non-blocking switching matrix 160 Gbit/s switching capacity with VC-4 granularity – Single-row subrack: Fully non-blocking switching matrix 110 Gbit/s switching capacity with VC-4 granularity – Fully non-blocking switching matrix with VC-12 and VC-3 granularity – Packet fabric for Resilient Package Rings with 2.5 Gbit/s capacity Interface Types – Electrical traffic interfaces: 2/34/45 Mbit/s, STM-1 – Optical traffic interfaces: STM-1/4/16/64, 40 Gbit/s optical traffic interface, 2,5 Gbit/s colored interface, 10 Gbit/s colored interface, 10 Gbit/s colored interface (long haul) with FEC – Ethernet interfaces: 10/100/1000 BaseT, 100 Base LX/FX, 1000BaseLX/SX – Sonet Transparency (as Clear Channel): STS-3c, STS-12-3c, STS-12c; STS-48-3c, STS-48-12c, STS-48c; STS-192-3c, STS-192-12c, STS-192-48c and STS-192c NE features – Automatic SW download, plug and play on a per card and port granularity – Auto link detection – Virtual concatenation (VC-3, VC-4, VC-12) and contiguous concatenation VC-4 – Engineering order wire (EOW) – Configurable squelch tables – LCAS implementation according to G.7042 – OSI traffic over IP – IP traffic over OSI (IP tunneling) – L2 Service Multiplexer – Ethernet functionality: mapping, using GFP-F, into VC-12, VC-12-mv; m=1…46; VC- 3, VC-3-2v, VC-4, VC-4-nv; n=1…7 – Far-end VC-12-mv performance data calculation at LPOM, LPT and group LPT Protection – MSP (1+1) for STM-1/4/16/64 – MSP (1:1) for STM-1/4/16/64 – 1+1 port protection for STM-1/4/16/64 optical and for STM-1 electrical – 1+1 protection of switching matrices – 1:N card protection for 2 Mbit/s/STM-1 Electrical – SNCP 16 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 – 4-fiber shared ring (MS SPRING-4) for STM-16/64 – 2-fiber and multiple 2-fiber shared ring protection for STM16/64 (MS SPRING-2) – MSP (1:N) for STM-1/4/16/64 – Support on low priority traffic on 2-fiber STM-16/STM-64 rings – 1+1 card protection for 34/45 Mbit/s – Revertive mode in case of 1:1 equipment protection Ethernet Functionality – Generic Framing Procedure GFP-F (ITU-T G.7041) – GFP mapping and GFP sub-channeling for Ethernet traffic – Ethernet flow control and traffic shaping adjustable in steps of 1 Mbit/s – Up to 8 virtual concatenated groups at the 10/100 BaseT board and up to 4 virtual concatenated groups at the GbE boards RPR Functionality – Ring capacity of 1 x VC-4 or 1 x VC-4-4v – 4 remote ports with a bandwidth of up to 100 Mbit/s (FE, VC-3, VC-3-2v) each or 1 remote port with a bandwidth of 450 Mbit/s (GbE, VC-4 or VC-4-4v) – Support of 4 RPR cards per NE – Support of 2 to 16 nodes per RPR ring – Ring circumference 1000 km – Span length between 2 RPR nodes max. 160 km – Support of 4094 CUGs (i.e. separated customer groups) – Multi-customer sharing one port (MCUG support) – Transparency for >L2 protocols – Support of two traffic priorities: stream and best effort – Fairness protocol for best effort traffic – Automatic topology discovery protocol – L2 Routing with shortest path optimization – Behavior like a distributed L2 switch – Performance management on a bytes and frame basis – No broadcast limitation – RPR Std. MIB acc. To 802.17 (RPR MAC) – RPR Bridge MIB conf. To 802.1D (Client) – Configurable access and support of at least 32 DCCs TMN Embedding – Element management by TNMS CT – Service/Network/Element management by TNMS-C A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 17 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 4 Network Applications The SURPASS hiT 7070 network elements (NE) can be used in a straightforward way of creating point-to-point connections, linear chain configurations and ring configurations. According to requirements, equipping for different application scenarios is possible: – Fully meshed network topology – Terminal-to-terminal topologies – Linear topologies with add/drop function (chains) – Local cross connect function – Ring topologies with add/drop function – Multiple ring closures – Ring gateway operation – Metro WDM Operations – 40 Gbit/s WDM Operation – Static and dynamic IP routing 4.1 Terminal-to-Terminal Topologies Terminal-to-terminal links are supported by SURPASS hiT 7070 network elements in TMX application. Within this application up to 80 Gbit/s bidirectional traffic can transported between both network elements. Fig. 4.1 shows a straightforward point-to-point network with one TMX at the transmitting end and another at the receiving end and additionally a protection switching MSP. n Gbit/s working hiT 7070 Line hiT 7070 n Gbit/s protection TDM/data TDM/data interfaces interfaces Fig. 4.1 Terminal-to-Terminal Link At the TMX, the client equipment is connected to the TMX through the tributary interfaces (TDM or data traffic). A single VC-4 switch fabric in SURPASS hiT 7070 DC can add/drop up to a total of 1024 x 1024 VC-4 equivalent at any station. In addition, a VC-3/12 switch fabric can also be cascaded with the existing VC-4 switch fabric, if lower order switching granularity is required. Apart from that, if native Ethernet frame handling is required, then the TMX can also be equipped with GFP traffic interfaces. The use of MSP between the NEs is preferred for redundancy reasons but not mandatory. 18 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 4.2 Linear Topologies with Add/Drop Function Linear chains are supported by SURPASS hiT 7070 network elements in ADMX application. Fig. 4.2 shows an example for an application with protection switching MSP. n Gbit/s working n Gbit/s working hiT 7070 Line hiT 7070 Line hiT 7070 n Gbit/s protection n Gbit/s protection TDM/data TDM/data TDM/data interfaces interfaces interfaces Fig. 4.2 Add/Drop Function within a Linear Chain An ADMX is normally used at an intermediate site to add/drop client traffic. In Fig. 4.2, an ADMX is located in between two TMXs. At the ADMX, selected traffic are add/drop either at VC-4 or VC-3/12 level, while through connected traffic are transparently passed through. The use of MSP between the NEs is preferred for redundancy reasons but not mandatory. 4.3 Local Cross Connect Function Typically, an operator’s network consists not only of a single ring but multiple rings, with each ring covering different geographical boundary. SURPASS hiT 7070 network elements can be deployed at the hub of a network as an LXC, routing transit traffic going from one ring to another ring. Line Line hiT 7070 TDM/data interfaces Fig. 4.3 Local Cross Connect Function A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 19 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 4.4 WDM Operation As a special variant of linear topologies, the link between the two SURPASS hiT 7070 network elements may be realized via WDM equipment. SURPASS hiT 7070 systems provide dedicated colored interfaces (with OTU2 signal framing) for Metro-WDM applications. From an SURPASS hiT 7070 point of view, the traffic behavior is identical between a point-to-point linear topology and a WDM based topology. OTU2 OTU2 10 Gbit/s 10 Gbit/s hiT 7070 hiT 7070 n x 10 Gbit/s TDM/data TDM/data interfaces interfaces Fig. 4.4 Metro-WDM Link 4.5 40 Gbit/s WDM Operation 40 Gbit/s WDM operation is realized with the aid of an optical mux/demux. The 40 Gbit/s optical mux/demux aggregates 4 x 10 Gbit/s into a single optical 40 Gbit/s signal (see Fig. 4.5). hiT 7070 hiT 7070 10 Gbit/s λ1 λ1 10 Gbit/s 10 Gbit/s λ2 40 Gbit/s λ2 10 Gbit/s MUX/ MUX/ 10 Gbit/s λ3 DEMUX λ1... λ4 DEMUX λ3 10 Gbit/s 10 Gbit/s λ4 λ4 10 Gbit/s STM-64 STM-64 TDM/data TDM/data interfaces interfaces Fig. 4.5 40 Gbit/s WDM Operation There is no physical difference between operation of SURPASS hiT 7070 via Metro- i WDM links or via SURPASS hiT 7070 integrated WDM MUX/DEMUX link (40 Gbit/s interface by spectrally multiplexing four 10 Gbit/s channels). In case of 40 Gbit/s operation, the MUX/DEMUX device is part of the SURPASS hiT 7070 system. 20 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 4.6 Ring Topologies With SURPASS hiT 7070 the following ring topologies are possible (see Fig. 4.6): a) Standard Single Ring Topology NE serves one single ring topology. Unprotected rings, BSHR/2 topologies respective BSHR/4 topologies at STM-16 and STM-64 interfaces are supported by SURPASS hiT 7070 network elements. The maximum number of network elements within a BSHR/2 or BSHR/4 ring is limited to 16 (according to recommendation ITU-T G.841). b) Single Ring Closure Link of two ring topologies using one network element. 2-fiber ring topologies respective 4-fiber ring topologies (unprotected ring or BSHR/2 or BSHR/4 or SNCP) at STM-16 and STM-64 interfaces are supported by SURPASS hiT 7070 network elements. The maximum number of network elements within a BSHR/2 or BSHR/4 ring is limited to 16 (according to recommendation ITU-T G.841). c) Multiple Ring Closure Link of two ring topologies at two (or more) different network elements. Ring topologies configured with STM-64 and at STM-16 interfaces of SURPASS hiT 7070 and the respective counterparts at other SURPASS hiT 7070, TransXpress SL or TransXpress SMA equipment can be interconnected. The maximum number of network elements within each separate BSHR/2 or BSHR/4 ring is limited to 16 (according to recommendation ITU-T G.841). d) Ring Gateway Operations Ring gateways between two rings are possible. As an example, Fig. 4.6 shows a backbone ring and a 2.5-Gbit/s (STM-16) ring with a gateway function via two STM-16 connections between different SURPASS hiT 70xx systems. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 21 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 hiT 7050 a) hiT 7070 2.5 Gbit/s c) c) hiT 7070 hiT 7070 hiT 7050 hiT 7070 a) hiT 7070 a) a) hiT 7070 hiT 7070 b) hiT 7070 STM-N d) d) hiT 7070 a) 2.5 Gbit/s 2.5 Gbit/s hiT 7070 hiT 7070 a) hiT 7070 hiT 7070 a) a) hiT 7050 a) Standard Ring Topology b) Single Ring Closure b) Multiple Ring Closure c) Ring Gateway Options Fig. 4.6 Example for Multiple Ring Network and Ring Gateways 4.7 Special TCP/IP Functions in Data Communication Network In layer 3 (network protocols), IP provides the network layer for TCP. The protocol also forwards plain IP packets between different interfaces (Ethernet, ECC) to other hosts. The SURPASS hiT 7070 provides static and dynamic IP routing. This protocol is managed by SNMP. The OSPF routing protocol provides the exchange of routing information between IP stacks. The exchange of routing information is required for correct forwarding of IP packets to other IP hosts. This protocol is managed by SNMP. 22 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 5 System Description The following sub-chapters give an functional overview of the main features of SURPASS hiT 7070 uncoupled to the physically interfaces. For information about hardware relevant features please refer to Chapter 6. 5.1 Basic Functions 5.1.1 SURPASS hiT 7070 Main Shelf Functionalities (SC/DC) Fig. 5.1 shows the basic functional structure of SURPASS hiT 7070 network elements single core (SC) or double core (DC) in a sample configuration. SURPASS hiT 7070 (SC/DC subrack) Synchronization Management Customer purpose interfaces interfaces interfaces T3 T4 Q F TIF X.21 EOW Central Main clock unit controller Opt. MUX / 40 Gbit/s DEMUX SDH High order SDH STM-64 STM-64 card switch fabric card Packet Ethernet Ethernet Low SDH SDH switch card card order Extension card card fabric opt. electr. switch link card SFP SFP fabric 1) module module PDH PDH card card (SC only) (SC only) STM-1/ STM-1 Optical Electrical 2/34/45 Mbit/s 2/34/45 Mbit/s STM-4/ electr. Gigabit Gigabit Ethernet / electr. electr. STM-16 Ethernet Fast Ethernet 1) mandatory in hiT 7070 SC with PDH interfaces Fig. 5.1 Block Diagram of SURPASS hiT 7070 (Sample Configuration) A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 23 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 The send/receive cards (SDH card) carry out the conversion to optical/electrical signals. The SDH cards can be equipped with various transceiver modules (SFP modules) in several distance variants for bit rates up to 2.5 Gbit/s. Furthermore single port cards for 2.5 Gbit/s and 10 Gbit/s are available in several distance variants (no SFP modules). Additionally 40 Gbit/s can be linked on a single fiber by means of embedded WDM. The central element of SURPASS hiT 7070, the VC-4 switch fabric provides a switching capacity of up to 1024 x 1024 STM-1 equivalents (in sum: 160 Gbit/s). To improve the availability of the system, a duplicated equipping of the card is possible. A lower order switch fabric can be equipped for VC-3 Ethernet traffic or in single-row subracks for switching on VC-3 or VC-12 level e.g. for electrical 2 Mbit/s interfaces (PDH card). The low-order switch fabrics can also be plugged in the DC. But here only to cross- connect 2/34/45 Mbps traffic coming from the Microshelves. The PDH card works as an electrical interface and supplies 63 bidirectional 2 Mbit/sPorts and 3 bidirectional 34/45 Mbit/s The main controller card provides the control and supervision facilities of the SURPASS hiT 7070. All data handling to/from the TMN system is managed by this controller device. Maximum utilization of HO switch fabric’s capacity can be provided by using external Microshelves. In this case an extension link card is used for interconnection between the hiT 7070 subrack and the Microshelf. The central clock unit card provides the clock distribution within the SURPASS hiT 7070 system. To improve the availability, a duplicated equipping of the central clock unit card is possible. Several Ethernet cards (opt. or electr.) with different ports are available within the SURPASS hiT 7070 system. The packet switch fabric card provides access to data services, originated from Ethernet cards. By means of an embedded network processor, this card offers access to RPR functionalities. 5.1.2 SURPASS hiT 7070 PDH Microshelf Functionalities Fig. 5.2 shows the basic functional structure of SURPASS hiT 7070 PDH Microshelf in a sample configuration. The SURPASS hiT 7070 PDH Microshelf contains a core card which provides an optical 622 Mbit/s link to the main shelf (SC or DC) and manages1:N equipment protection for the PDH cards (four working cards and one protection card). For redundancy purposes, the core card can be equipped twice in a PDH Microshelf for 1+1 card/link protection. 24 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 SURPASS hiT 7070 Main Shelf (via extension link card in SC/DC subrack) Microshelf Microshelf Core Card PDH PDH PDH traffic slots PDH card card card 2/34/45 Mbit/s 2/34/45 Mbit/s 2/34/45 Mbit/s electr. electr. electr. Fig. 5.2 Block Diagram of SURPASS hiT 7070 Microshelf (Sample Configuration) 5.1.3 SURPASS hiT 7070 Protectionshelf Functionalities The Protectionshelf offers an external solution for a 1:N (N <= 3) card protection for the STM-1 electrical interface card IFO155M-E . The cabling between the Protectionshelf and the main shelf is done via standard STM-1 coaxial cables. The shelf consists of: • subrack Protectionshelf STM-1 (SRP1-MSI) • switching traffic card incl. power and controller (PSMain). 5.1.4 Switch Fabric Functions 5.1.4.1 SDH Higher Order VC-4 Switch Functions The VC-4 switch fabric is implemented in the SF160G card (see Chapter 6.24.1). Fig. 5.3 gives an overview on the VC-4 switch fabric. from to SDH-Interface SDH-Interface VC-4 Ethernet Interface Ethernet Interface Switch fabric LO VC-3/12 switch LO VC-3/12 switch Packet switch Packet switch Fig. 5.3 Higher Order VC-4 Switch Fabric Overview The VC-4 switch fabric is a strictly non-blocking matrix (square matrix) for point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connections from any input port to any output port. The switch fabric allows the following connections: • Bi-directional point-to-point • Uni-directional point-to-point A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 25 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 • Broadcast; uni-directional point-to-multipoint (1 → m, with m ≤ 1024/64) including 1+1 SNCP head-end • 1 of 2 selector for 1+1 SNCP tail-end • Drop and continue; broadcast and selector for 1+1 SNCP tail-end • MSP/BSHR switching including card release switching • VC-3/12 switch fabric card protection The HO switch fabric performs the bridge and selector functionality for SNCP. The protection switching criteria (SF, SD) are detected on the SDH interface cards. In addition the HO switch fabric performs the bridge and selector for MSP and BSHR. The protection switching criteria (SF, SD) and the automatic protection switching protocol are handled on the SDH interface cards. The switching matrix is transparent for contiguously concatenated VC-4-Xc (X = 4/16/64). These are handled as individual VC-4s in the hardware. In case of VC-4-Xc connection request the software has to initiate the individual VC-4 connections. The Higher Order VC-4 switch fabric and Lower Order VC-3/12 switch fabrics are i represented as separate entities to the outside (management system). They are not managed as one switch fabric. 5.1.4.2 SDH Lower Order VC-3/12 Switch Functions The VC-3/12 switch fabric is implemented in the SF10G/SF2G5 cards (see Chapter 6.24.3). Fig. 5.4 gives an overview on the lower order VC-3/12 switch fabric. from LO to traffic cards Multiplexer traffic cards Mapper from VC-3/12 to PDH-Interface Switch fabric PDH-Interface (hiT 7070 SC only) (hiT 7070 SC only) Fig. 5.4 Lower Order VC-3/12 Switch Fabric Overview The VC-3/12 switch fabric is connected with internal traffic signals to the SDH Lower Order Multiplexer and Mapper on the same card and in the single row rack only to the 2 Mbit/s PDH interfaces. The VC-3/12 are transported within the internal traffic signal. It is a non-blocking matrix for point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connections from any input port to any output port. The switch fabric allows the following connections: • Bi-directional point-to-point • Uni-directional point-to-point • Broadcast; uni-directional point-to-multipoint (1 → m, with m ≤ 1008 VC-12 and 48 VC-3 for SF2G5 and 4032 VC-12 and 192 VC-3 for SF10G) including 1+1 SNCP head-end 26 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 • 1 of 2 selector for 1+1 SNCP tail-end • Drop and continue; broadcast and selector for 1+1 SNCP tail-end • PDH card protection The VC-3/12 switch fabric performs the bridge and selector for LO SNCP. The protection switching criteria (SF, SD) are detected on LO Multiplexer/Mapper on the same card. A SURPASS hiT 7070 NE can be equipped with multiple lower order VC-3/12 switch i fabrics. They are, as well as the higher order VC-4 switch fabric, represented as separate entities to the outside (management system). They are not managed as one switch fabric. 5.1.4.3 RPR Ethernet Packet Switch/Layer 2 Functions In addition to the TDM switch fabric functions on VC-4 and VC-3/VC-12 level, SURPASS hiT 7070 can also be equipped with a 2.5 Gbit/s RPR switch fabric. This packet switch fabric operates like a Layer 2 switch. It terminates the VCs, extracts the Ethernet frames from the VCs and switches the frames to its destination port based on the Ethernet MAC address. Fig. 5.5 shows two routing examples for a Resilient Packet Ring RPR. Example 1: 63 The frame may always 18 passing through “clockwise”: 1 35 Example 2: 63 The same frame may 18 passing through on the “shortest path”: 1 35 Legend: n Ring node Fig. 5.5 RPR Ring (Routing Example) A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 27 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 There is more than one way possible to pass through from the source node to the destination node. Therefore routing is necessary. In both examples shown in Fig. 5.5 the traffic frame enters at node 35 and leaves the ring at node 1. In Example 1 the direction of the ring is always clockwise, in Example 2 the ring direction is configured as “shortest path”. RPR Features Overview: • Topology The RPR is a bi-directional ring with nodes, traffic is added to or dropped from the ring via client logical ports. • Number of nodes The RPR consists of up to 16 nodes in Siemens RPR. • Number of tributaries Every node has up to 64 tributary ports, where traffic may be added to or dropped from the ring. • Closed User Groups Any arbitrary set of logical ports can be combined to a Closed User Group (CUG). Any broadcast or flooded unicast is limited to this CUG. The CUG forms a broadcast domain. Additionally no traffic can cross the border between different CUGs or steal resources in the ring from other CUGs. The CUGs form a VPN at layer 2. This allows the carrier to handle the traffic from different customers in the same ring. • Ethernet Bridging Inside a CUG all incoming Ethernet frames are routed according to 802.1D (not all features of 802.1D are supported, e.g. Spanning Tree Protocol is not supported actively). All routing decisions are based upon the MAC destination address of the Ethernet frame. MAC address tables in every RPR node learn the location of specific MAC addresses. If the location of a MAC address of an incoming frame is already listed in the MAC address table, the frame is routed via the shortest path to the destination. If the MAC address is unknown, the frame is flooded in the whole CUG. • Encapsulation All incoming Ethernet frames are encapsulated with a Siemens proprietary RPR header. This header is used to route the frame through the ring. At the destination node the encapsulation is removed. All routing decisions are made at the ingress node and are stored in the RPR header (source steering). The encapsulation guarantees that the original frame can be forwarded untouched in the ring, e.g. TTL handling is done in the encapsulation header and not in the original Ethernet frame. • Shortest Path Routing All frames follow the shortest path inside the ring from source node to destination node. To calculate the shortest path, RPR specific protocols inside the ring. • Spatial reuse As a consequence of shortest path routing, every traffic flow uses a part of the ring only. The unused parts of the ring can be reclaimed by other traffic flows. • RPR Protection Any failure of a link or a node is treated as a change of topology. In the case of a failure Shortest Path Routing recalculates all routes. • Service Level agreements The carrier can configure different service level agreements for different customers. The RPR nodes police these service level agreements. • Service classes Two service classes are available. The Stream class offers guaranteed bandwidth and a bounded delay. The Best Effort class guarantees fair access. If the reserved 28 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 bandwidth for stream traffic is temporarily not used, this bandwidth can be reclaimed by the Best Effort class. • Dynamic Priority Mapping The service class of an incoming packet can be determined dynamically based upon the VLAN tag of the packet. • Stream Bandwidth reservation To offer guaranteed bandwidth, a reservation is needed in the ring. This reservation is done via TNMS. • Fairness In case of congestion the ring bandwidth is given in a fair manner to the Best Effort traffic flows and the different CUGs. To achieve this, congested nodes send congestion information to upstream nodes. • Loss of frames The Stream service class offers lossless transport of Ethernet frames. “Lossless” means, that no frames are discarded due to traffic congestion. Different from that is the Best Effort service class, where losses are possible due to congestion. • Random Early Detect If congestion occurs in the Best Effort class, traffic is discarded using the RED algorithm (Random Early Detect). The RED algorithm is chosen because it gives the best results for link utilization and overall delay. 5.1.5 Multiplexing and Mapping Functions Fig. 5.6 shows the multiplexing and mapping structure of SURPASS hiT 7070 according to ITU-T G.707. Fig. 5.6 SDH and PDH Multiplex Structures used in SURPASS hiT 7070 5.1.5.1 SDH HO Multiplexing and Mapping Functions In interface to switch fabric direction the regenerator and multiplex sections are terminated and the incoming VC-4s or VC-4-Xc are aligned with the internal T0 system clock on the interface cards. In switch fabric to interface direction the selected AU-4-(Xc) payload is inserted into the STM-N frame on the interface cards and MS and RS overhead is added. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 29 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Multiplexing and mapping is performed in accordance with ITU-T G.707, as summarized in the list below. The proprietary 40Git/s metro-WDM interface is composed of four independent 10 Gbit/s interfaces (multiplexing into STM-256 does not take place. VC4- 256c is not supported). The SURPASS hiT 7070 implements the following HO multiplexing and mapping functionality according to ITU-T G.707: • dynamic alignment of VC-4-Xc and VC-4-Xv within the AU-N frame • multiplexing of AU-4 into AUG-1 • multiplexing of AUG-N into STM-N • multiplexing of AUG-N into AUG-4xN 5.1.5.2 SDH LO Multiplexing and Mapping Functions The TU-3s are multiplexed into Vc-4 via TUG-3. The TU-12s are multiplexed via TUG- 2 and TUG-3 into VC-4. TU-12s and TU-3s originating from the PDH Microshelf are multiplexed into VC-4. The SURPASS hiT 7070 implements the following LO multiplexing and mapping functionality according to ITU-T G.707: • alignment of VC-12 within the TU-3 frame • multiplexing of three TU-12s into TUG-2 • multiplexing of seven TUG-2s into TUG-3 • alignment of VC-3 within the TU-3 frame • multiplexing of one TU-3 into TUG-3 • multiplexing of three TUG-3 into VC-4 5.1.5.3 PDH Mapping into SDH Containers The SURPASS hiT 7070 (via single-row subrack SC and via Microshelf connected to a DC) implements the following mapping of PDH signals on SDH containers: • In source direction the 2 Mbit/s PDH signal is asynchronously mapped into a C-12 container, which is then complemented by path overhead bytes resulting in VC-12. • The asynchronous mapping of both structured acc. to G.703 and unstructured payloads (acc. to G.703 and G.704) is supported. • The VC-12s are further multiplexed into VC-4 via TU-12, TUG-2, and TUG-3. • In sink direction the incoming VC-4 is demultiplexed to VC-12, the VC-12 path is terminated, and the 2 Mbit/s PDH signals are demapped from C-12. The 34 Mbit/s and 45 Mbit/s signals are mapped into VC-3 asynchronously according to ITU-T G.707. Further multiplexing into and demultiplexing from VC-4 is performed on the LO switch fabric cards. 5.1.5.4 Ethernet Packet Multiplexer and Mapping Functions The SURPASS hiT 7070 supports Ethernet frame mapping into SDH containers. This mapping function is supported for all Ethernet interface types (i.e. 10/100/1000 Mbit/s). Virtually concatenated VC-3 or VC-3-2v containers are available for independent mapping of each Ethernet port traffic. VC-3s are further mapped into VC-4s by the POS device. Ethernet Packet Ring Conversion Frames acc. to IEEE 802.3 need to be converted in an RPR frame. 30 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Ethernet Mapping into SDH Containers Ethernet frame mapping into SDH containers requires encapsulation by using an appropriate protocol and mapping of the resulting frame into an SDH container. SURPASS hiT 7070 supports the "Generic Framing Procedure" GFP-F (ITU-T G.7041) protocol. The encapsulated protocol frames can be mapped into different SDH container sizes using the virtual concatenation technique. Ethernet Mapping into HO Virtually Concatenated Containers Encapsulated frames can be mapped into different HO container sizes providing a scalable solution that covers applications and services with very different transport capacity requirements. HO virtual concatenation is applicable for all Ethernet interface types (i.e. 10/100/1000 Mbit/s). Non concatenated VC-4 containers or virtually concatenated VC-4-Nv (N = 2...6) for 10/100 Mbit/s (for GFP subchanneling) and VC-4-Nv (N = 2...8) for 1000 Mbit/s containers are available for independent mapping of each Ethernet port traffic. This will result in a configurable transport capacity with a granularity of 150 Mbit/s (rough value of VC-4 payload). Ethernet Mapping into LO Virtually Concatenated Containers This mapping function is supported for all Ethernet interface types (i.e. 10/100/1000 Mbit/s). Non-concatenated VC-3/VC-12 containers or virtually concatenated VC-3/VC-12-Mv (M = 2...46) containers are available for independent mapping of each Ethernet port traffic. GFP Mapping GFP provides a generic mechanism to adapt traffic from higher-layer client signals over a transport network. For GFP client signal adaptation the SURPASS hiT 7070 Ethernet interfaces support a PDU-oriented adaptation mode, referred as Frame-Mapped GFP (GFP-F). GFP does not rely on flag characters, and associated control escape octet, for frame delineation purposes as does HDLC. Instead, GFP uses a variation of the HEC-based (Header Error Control) frame delineation mechanism defined for Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM). This avoids indeterministic expansion of the client signal due to insertion of control escape characters. Multiplexing of up to 8 data channels (Ethernet port traffic) into group(s) of virtually concatenated containers are provided. The multiplexing function utilizes the channel-ID byte of the GFP-F header. Adding of the GFP-F extension header is optional and will be performed only, if multiplexing is required. Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS) For low order virtual concatenated signals (i.e. VC-3 and VC-12) the Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS) according to ITU-T G.7042/Y.1305 and their respective recommendations is supported for the Ethernet Interface card IFOFES. Virtual concatenation can be used without LCAS, but LCAS itself is based on a fully featured virtual concatenation. Fully featured virtual concatenation includes also the possibility of sending members of one VCG (virtual concatenated group) on different paths. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 31 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 While virtual concatenation is done by software means (i.e. a table that defines the correlation between virtual containers and virtual concatenated groups) and a one-way multi-frame protocol using the H4 POH byte for VC-3 VCGs or bit 2 of the K4 byte for VC-12 VCGs, LCAS extends the H4 or bit 2 of the K4 byte to a two-way handshake signaling protocol. Status messages are continuously exchanged and consequent actions are taken. This enables synchronization of changes in the capacity of the transmitter (Source, So) and the receiver (Sink, Sk). With LCAS the following two issues associated with virtual concatenation are addressed: • Hitless increase and decrease the capacity of VCG • Reasonable handling of member failures Using LCAS, not all members of a VCG need to be active in order to pass data from So to Sk. The VCG has to be defined first. Then the So and Sk equipment take care which members shall carry traffic. No node in between is touched for this process. Within LCAS, a control packet is defined that carries the following fields: • MST (Member Status) - carries information from Sk to So, regarding the status of all the members of the same VCG • RS-Ack (Re-Sequence Acknowledge bit) - sent from Sk to So to indicate that the changes initiated by the transmitter were accepted and the So can begin accepting the new member status information • SQ (Sequence Indicator) - number that identifies each member in a VCG • CTRL (Control) - sent from So to Sk to provide the status of the individual member of the group. This field also is used to request the addition or removal of members from the VCG • GID (Group Identification bit) - sent from So to SK for the identification of the VCG. The GID bit of all members of the same VCG has the same value in all frames with the same MFI (Multi-frame Indicator). The GID bit follows a PRBS and is introduced by means of hardware • CRC - Used to protect each control message. In case of LCAS based on LO virtual concatenation (e.g. VC-12) this is a CRC-3. In case of LCAS based on HO virtual concatenation (VC-3/VC-4) this is a CRC-8 5.2 Control Architecture System control and monitoring is performed by a distributed architecture of interconnected microprocessors. Alarm and status information is processed on each unit by an independent Card Controller Module (CCM). The main controller ‘System Controller and Overhead Processor’ (SCOH) monitors and controls all components of the SURPASS hiT 7070 network element. The SCOH communicates with the traffic cards via different internal interfaces. The Q interface is a ITU-T M.3010 interface with high speed Ethernet access (10/100 BASE-T full/half duplex). The SCOH also provides an F interface to a TNMS CT in LCT mode. The customer purpose interfaces (TIF, X.21/V11 and EOW/Handset) are also controlled by the main controller SCOH. 32 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 5.3 Clock Pulse Supply, Synchronization Frequency-synchronous network operation requires synchronization of all equipment operating in the network to a central reference clock pulse. The following reference signals are suitable as clock pulse sources: – An external 2048-kHz/2048-kbit/s clock pulse signal T3 which can be applied at a synchronization input of a terminal multiplexer or add/drop multiplexer, – The clock pulse derived from any STM-N signal. The clock pulse of each network element can be synchronized with a very precise clock pulse source (Primary Reference Clock, PRC) according to the master-slave principle. The clock pulse information is distributed via the transport network. 5.3.1 Synchronous Equipment Timing Source, SETS Within each network element (except for regenerators), the SETS (Synchronous Equipment Timing Source) function on the CLU card takes care of local synchronizing. The signals T1 (STM signals) and T3 (2048 kHz/2048 kbit/s) feed the clock pulse information into the SETS (see Fig. 5.7). One of these signals is used as the current synchronizing source. The SETS function derives the clock pulse T0 from this. Each outgoing SDH signal is synchronized from this T0 clock pulse and T0 is also used as the central clock pulse within the network element. 6 Selection Selection Squelch T4 A C 8 T1 2 Selection T3 SETG T0 B Osc. Osc. Internal Oscillator Function SETG Synchronous Equipment Timing Generator Function T0 NE-Internal System Clock Pulse T1 Synchronizing from STM-N Port T3 Synchronizing from External 2048-kHz / 2048-kbit/s Clock Pulse T4 Outgoing, External Synchronous Clock Pulse 2048 kHz / 2048 Mbit/s Fig. 5.7 Overview of SETS Function According to ITU-T G.783 The SETS function does not only supply the synchronous clock pulse to the cards within the network elements, but also via the T4 interface to other equipment. After a synchronization fault in the transmission line, sections of the transmission range are no longer permanently coupled to the Primary Reference Source PRC. In this case, the clock pulse synchronization has to be configured new in the network structure. For this, each SETS can be synchronized with different T1 or T3 sources. When configuring in the course of commissioning the SURPASS hiT 7070 equipment, the clock pulse source to be used is specified. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 33 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 If an existing synchronization with a configurable set of reference clock pulse sources is no longer available, the SETS switches from synchronous operation to the holdover mode. If the SETS cannot be synchronized with any external clock pulse source, it changes to the free-running mode. In both modes, holdover and free-running, the SETS independently supplies clock pulse T0 from the Timing Generator SETG, but with reduced frequency and phase quality. In this case, clock pulse T4 is no longer made available because of clock pulse suppression which occurs in that instance (Squelch Function). 5.3.2 Timing Marker Because it is possible to choose between clock pulse sources of different precision, it is useful to transmit information about the quality of the clock pulse used. Otherwise, the reference clock pulse used is selected according to a given priority list. In case of same signal quality from different sources the highest priority is chosen. The Synchronization Status Message is contained in the MSOH of the STM-N signal. 5.3.3 Real Time Clock For time stamps (time and date) in error and operational messages of the SURPASS hiT 7070 a real time clock is available on the CLU card (circuit section SETS). The real time clock can be set via the LCT/NCT operating terminal or a network management system. Setting is possible for day, month, year, hour, minute, and second, where the possible range for the date is from 1 January 1980 up to 31 December 2035 (other values will be rejected, tenth seconds are ignored). 5.4 Overhead Access SURPASS hiT 7070 provides access to overhead bytes in accordance to ITU-T G.707. This is implemented in the Overhead Module (OHM) located within the SCOH. Overhead access to all SDH SOH-bytes (of STM-N, SOH number 1) is possible. Access to the POH byte F2 is possible at path terminating points (in the low-order switch fabric). This allows the control of a remote network termination equipment (e.g. TransXpress SMA1k or SURPASS hiT 7050) via a DCC built with the F2 byte with a transport capacity of 64 kbit/s. Furthermore this DCC can be tunnelled through third-party SDH networks. Overhead access is also used for the processing of Auxiliary (AUX) and Engineering Order Wire (EOW) channels. For further details on AUX and EOW functionalities see chapters 5.7 to 5.6. The following list gives an overview to the accessible overhead bytes, which are defined for use as overhead channels with SURPASS hiT 7070: – EOW channels – bytes E1 and/or E2, – An RSOH user definable channel – byte F1, – DCCR channels – bytes D1 to D3, – DCCM channels – bytes D4 to D12, – Special DCCs – byte F2. 34 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 A set of MSOH bytes is defined for use as one high capacity overhead channel (HCOC) and/or for 64 kbit/s channels accessible via X.21 interfaces. 5.5 Engineering Order Wire (EOW) The engineering order wire channels are transmitted via the EOW bytes E1 and E2 acc. to ITU-T. They can be accessed via the overhead cross-connection and EOW connection functions and one handset with a two wire analogue interface. In addition a 4-wire analogue telephone interface is supported (voice mode only). Telephone Conference Circuit Up to eight subscribers can use the conference at the same time (one EOW conference is supported). The telephone conference circuit allows the interconnection of external speech channels (e.g. from “East” and “West” line signals as well as tributary signals; 2- wire and 4-wire) so that each subscriber is connected with every other subscriber. Correct connection of the EOW channels into a conference or in a ring structure is the responsibility of the system administrator. Selective Call, Group Call and Collective Call 3-digit selective, group and conference call numbers are supported in which case the directory numbers 000, XY0 and X00 are reserved for collective call and group call (see Manual “Operator Guidelines OGL”). 5.6 Telemetry Interface (TIF) The Telemetry Interface (TIF) is an external signaling interface of a network element providing 8 external sensors (inputs). A TIF input supervises the input voltage against ground. The relation between the input state (active, inactive) and the logical alarm (raised, cleared) can be configured via the management interface. The parameters determine the required voltage level behavior for an activated (raised) external sensor input of the TIF, where each individual sensor input can be configured to: – active GROUND (Default value) or – active OPEN. An active GROUND polarity means a low voltage difference for an activated sensor contact and a high voltage difference for a non-activated sensor contact. An active OPEN polarity means a high voltage difference for an activated sensor contact and a low voltage difference for a non-activated sensor contact. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 35 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 5.7 Auxiliary Channels for SDH (V.11/X.21) The SURPASS hiT 7070 provides four bi-directional data-transparent physical V.11 interfaces. Each V.11/X.21 interface provides the following signal lines: – transmit data (out) – receive data (in) – clock (out) This enables the implementation of four independent synchronous V.11 interfaces. The term “V.11/X.21 acc. to ITU-T recommendations X.21/RS485” denotes that only the X.21 physical layer, which responds to a synchronous V.11 interface, is supported. Furthermore, this means communication over X.21 physical layer using the V.11/RS485 standard. A dedicated X.21 compliant protocol is not supported. Each V.11/X.21 interface has a basic capacity of 64 kbit/s. The four V.11/X.21 interfaces can be individually cross-connected to accessible OH- bytes via the overhead cross-connect function (OHCC), which is part of the main controller SCOH. 5.8 Software/Firmware Each card has an on-board micro-controller for the purpose of monitoring, controlling, and maintaining status information. It is programmed with embedded firmware held in EPROMs. A software download facility is available for all units. The download is provided via element manager or local craft terminal, for both remotely or locally. The internal configuration database of the system can be uploaded and downloaded. It is stored redundantly and robust to any card failure. Persistent data storage The management information base (MIB) is held persistently on the following storage media within the network element: – Multimedia card flash memory MMC (MMC-MIB1 and MMC-MIB2), – NVRAM (readable and writable). The MMC is located on the system controller card. In case of a main controller HW failure the MMC card can be removed and plugged into a new SCOH card retaining persistent data stored in the MMC. The two MMC-MIBs (MMC-MIB1, MMC-MIB2) will be used alternately. This is to have always a backup copy in case of a MIB writing failure. In case of a failure, only the configurations which are done in the last minutes may be lost. This can happen in case of a power fail with an subsequent reboot. 5.9 Laser Safety, Automatic Laser Shut-down To prevent possible personal injury by emerging laser light in the case of line interruption (e.g. fiber break), the SURPASS hiT 7070 equipment contains a laser safety shut-down function (ALS Automatic Laser Shut-down) according to ITU-T Recommendation G.958. In the case of signal failure at the optical receiver of an SURPASS hit 7070 equipment, the laser transmitter is switched off in this equipment for the opposite direction and thereby the disturbed link is taken out of operation. The laser transmitter is then switched 36 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 on periodically every 100 s for testing (variable pulse width configurable from 2 s to 100 s in 1 s steps). If the receiver of the concerned device receives a valid signal again, the laser transmitter of the opposite direction is immediately put into continuous operation again. When switching on internal power supplies or after a laser switch-off caused by total failure of the power supply in the telecommunications center, the laser transmitter(s) will be forced switched on after the permissible operating conditions have been reached. In this way the line is automatically put back into operation. In the case of line interruption or for maintenance work, the laser transmitter might be switched on manually for a configurable period of time or approximately 90 s (test purposes). 5.10 Protection Switching SURPASS hiT 7070 supports the following protection functions: • TDM traffic protection (e.g. MSP, BSHR, SNCP), • Packet traffic protection and • Equipment protection (SDH and PDH card protection, fan unit protection). Traffic protection features are closely coupled to equipment protection features defined i in Chapter 5.10.8 et seqq. Card release switching is manually controllable. The different types of protection switching including their functionalities are described below in detail. 5.10.1 1+1 Linear Multiplex Section Protection (MSP) Fig. 5.8 shows the general switching architecture for realizing a linear 1+1 MSP with two line interfaces. Working Port Switch Fabric Bridge Selector Working Traffic Protection Port Fig. 5.8 Linear 1+1 MSP, Fault-free Case In 1+1 Linear MSP, the outgoing traffic is always transmitted over the working and protection card simultaneously (MSP bridge) via the switch fabric. The incoming traffic is selected from the working card via the selector of the switch fabric. In case of fiber break (Fig. 5.9), the SDH card detects the fault and the switch fabric selector automatically selects the incoming traffic from the protection card. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 37 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Working Port Switch Fabric Bridge Selector Working Traffic Protection Port Fig. 5.9 1+1 Linear MSP, Switch to Protection Line The traffic interfaces listed in Tab. 5.1 support the 1+1 protection scheme: Traffic Interface Traffic Signal Ports per Card (see 6.1) IFS10G(B) STM-64 1 IFS10G-M STM-64 colored, 1 for Metro applications IFS10G-R STM-64 colored, 1 for Long Haul applications IFS10G-WLS STM-64 coloured for WLS 1 application IFQ2G5(B) STM-16 4 IFS2G5(B) STM-16 1 IFQ622M STM-4 4 IFO155M STM-1 8 IFO155M-E STM-1, electrical 8 Tab. 5.1 1+1 MSP, Traffic Interfaces Fig. 5.10 shows the equipment architecture for implementing the 1+1 MSP. SDH interface card (1 port) SF160G VC-4 switch SDH interface card (1 port) y x Fig. 5.10 1+1 MSP, Equipment Architecture 38 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 MSP Protection Characteristics – Architecture: 1+1 – Switching type: unidirectional or bi-directional (single ended or dual ended) – Operation type: revertive or non-revertive Criteria for Initiating the Protection Switching Process Linear MSP can either be initiated automatically or manually using the operating terminal/OS. • Internal switch requests: – Signal Failure, SF (from LOS, LOF, AIS, TIM) – Signal Degrade, SD (from DEG) – Card Failure, CF (card fail in combination with card release switching) • External switch requests (configurable via QST) One at a time selectable from possible values: – Lockout of Protection, LP – Forced Switch, FS_P (working traffic to protection line) – Forced Switch, FS_W (working traffic to working line) – Manual Switch, MS_P (working traffic to protection line) – Manual Switch, MS_W (working traffic to working line) – Clear 5.10.2 1:1 Linear Multiplex Section Protection (MSP) Linear 1:1 MSP is similar to 1+1 MSP, except that the protection path can be used to transmit low priority traffic under normal working condition. The working path will be used to carry the High priority traffic. If the working path breaks down, the low priority traffic will be pre-empted, and the high priority traffic will be switched over the protection path. The traffic interfaces listed in Tab. 5.2 support the 1:1 protection scheme: Traffic Interface Traffic Signal Ports per Card (see 6.1) IFS10G(B) STM-64 1 IFS10G-M STM-64 coloured, 1 for Metro applications IFS10G-R STM-64 coloured for 1 interworking with hiT 7500 and MTS1c IFS10G-WLS STM-64 coloured for WLS 1 application IFQ2G5(B) STM-16 4 IFS2G5 STM-16 1 IFQ622M STM-4 4 IFO155M STM-1 8 IFO155M-E STM-1 8 Tab. 5.2 1:1 MSP, Traffic Interfaces A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 39 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Fig. 5.11 shows the equipment architecture for implementing the 1:1 MSP. Fig. 5.11 1:1 MSP, Equipment Architecture MSP Protection Characteristics – Architecture: 1:1 with extra traffic – Switching type: bidirectional – Operation Type: revertive Criteria for Initiating the Protection Switching Process Linear MSP can either be initiated automatically or manually using the operating terminal/OS. • Internal switch requests: – Signal Failure, SF (from LOS,LOF, AIS, TIM) – Signal Degrade, SD (from DEG) – Card Failure, CF (card fail in combination with card release switching) • External switch requests (configurable via QST): One a time selectable from possible values: – Lockout of Protection, LP – Forced Switch, FS_P (working traffic to protection line) – Forced Switch, FS_EP (extra traffic to protection line) – Manual Switch, MS_P (working traffic to protection line) – Exercise Switch, EXER – Clear 5.10.3 1:N Linear Multiplex Section Protection (MSP) Fig. 5.12 shows the equipment architecture for implementing the 1:N line MSP protection scheme. 1:N line MSP is supported by all STM interfaces. The allowed range of N is 1 ≤ N ≤ 14 for STM-1/4/16 and 1 ≤ N ≤ 7 for STM-16/64. The only limitation for cards involved is that those cards must be connected to the same DOH-bus in one 1:N line MSP group. Arbitrary ports of any card may be included as long as the total number of ports does not exceed 14+1 resp. 7+1. 40 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 SDH interface card working ports only SF160G VC-4 switch SDH interface card working ports only y x SDH interface card working ports + protection port Fig. 5.12 Equipment Architecture for 1:N Linear MSP The MSP switching is performed by re-routing in the VC-4 switch located on the SF160G cards in the main subrack. Fault detection and protection control is performed on the SDH interface cards (IFO155M, IFO155M-E, IFQ622M, IFS2G5(B), IFQ2G5(B), IFS10G(B), IFS10G-M/R/WLS). The control communication is handled via an internal bus between the cards. Note that 1:N line MSP is realized purely as traffic protection, it cannot be combined with i SDH interface card protection. Card failures of the involved SDH interface cards do not lead to 1:N line MSP protection switching. MSP Protection Characteristics – 1:N with N ≤ 14 for STM-1/4/16 and N ≤ 7 for STM-16/64 – Switching type: bi-directional – Operation type: revertive In R3 only N = 3 will be tested for STM-16 and STM-64. i Criteria for Initiating the Protection Switching Process Linear MSP can either be initiated automatically or manually using the operating terminal/OS. • Internal switch requests: – Signal Failure, SF-H (triggered by LOS, LOF, AIS, TIM of a high priority section) – Signal Failure, SF-L (triggered by LOS, LOF, AIS, TIM of a low priority section) – Signal Degrade, SD-H (triggered by DEG of a high priority section) – Signal Degrade, SD-L (triggered by DEG of a low priority section) – Card Failure, CF (card fail in combination with card release switching) • MSP commands (configurable via QST) Switch commands – one at a time for an entire protection group – selectable from possible values: – Lockout of Protection, LP – Forced Switch, FS – Manual Switch, MS – Exercise Switch, EXER – Clear Control commands – one at a time for each normal traffic channel in a protection group – selectable from possible values: A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 41 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 – Clear Lockout of normal traffic signal from protection – Lockout of normal traffic signal from protection 5.10.4 Bidirectional Self Healing Ring Protection Switching (BSHR) In rings, the same protection switching measures as for line and path protection switching are possible including also bidirectional, self-healing ring protection switching (BSHR). In the case of interference in a multiplex section, the data signal is looped back at the two ends of the disturbed section via the protection line. Protection switching mechanisms for 4-fiber rings (BSHR-4) and 2-fiber rings (BSHR-2) have been implemented. 5.10.4.1 4-Fibre Shared Protection Ring (BSHR-4) for STM-16/64 Interfaces A self-healing STM-N 4-fiber shared protection ring (BSHR-4) consists of a minimum of 3 NEs and a maximum of 16 NEs. All spans of the ring have equal priority for protection switching. The APS protocol for BSHR according to ITU-T standard G.841 is used. The BSHR-4 operates in revertive mode, with the Wait to Restore time configurable by the operator. Protection switching is controlled using the K1 and K2 bytes as recommended by ITU-T G.841. Apart from that, squelch tables can be configured by the operator in order to avoid misconnections in case of multiple span failures. (The squelch table is similar to a ring map which consists of a list of all the nodes ID within the ring. It is used to ensure that all the traffic enter and leave the correct node.). Note that only BSHR-4 for "inter-card" channels of the same technology (electrical or i optical) and STM-N port capacity (disregarding the number of ports) is supported. Fig. 5.13 shows the equipment architecture for implementing the BSHR-4. SDH SDH interface interface west card card east (1 port) SF160G (1 port) working working VC-4 switch SDH y SDH interface interface west card x card east protection (1 port) (1 port) protection Fig. 5.13 BSHR-4, Equipment Architecture The traffic interfaces listed in Tab. 5.3 support the BSHR/4 protection scheme: 42 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Traffic Interface Traffic Signal Ports per Card (see 6.1) IFS10G(B) STM-64 1 IFS10G-M STM-64 colored, 1 for Metro applications IFS10G-WLS STM-64 coloured for WLS 1 application IFS10G-R card STM-64 coloured for 1 interworking with hiT 7500 and MTS1c IFQ2G5(B) STM-16 4 IFS2G5(B) STM-16 1 Tab. 5.3 BSHR-4, Traffic Interfaces BSHR-4 Protection Characteristics – Architecture: BSHR-4 without extra traffic – Switching type: bidirectional (dual ended) – Operation type: revertive – Squelch tables: VC-4 squelching according to ITU-T G.841 Criteria for Initiating the Protection Switching Process BSHR-4 can either be initiated automatically or manually using the operating terminal/OS. • Internal switch requests: – Signal Failure - Ring, SF-R (from LOS, LOF, AIS, TIM) – Signal Degrade - Ring, SD-R (from DEG) – Card Failure, CF (card fail in combination with card release switching) • External switch requests (configurable via QST) One at a time selectable from possible values: – Lockout Of Working channels - Ring switch for East and West, LOW(R-EW) – Lockout Of Working channels - Ring switch for East, LOW(R-E) – Lockout Of Working channels - Ring switch for West, LOW(R-W) – Lockout Of Working channels - Span switch for East and West, LOW(S-EW) – Lockout Of Working channels - Span switch for East, LOW(S-E) – Lockout Of Working channels - Span switch for West, LOW(S-W) – Lockout of Protection – all spans, LP – Lockout of Protection – Span for East, LP-S(E) – Lockout of Protection – Span for West, LP-S(W) – Forced Switch to protection – Span for East, FS-S(E) – Forced Switch to protection – Span for West, FS-S(W) – Forced Switch to protection – Ring for East, FS-R(E) – Forced Switch to protection – Ring for West, FS-R(W) – Manual Switch to protection – Span for East, MS-S(E) – Manual Switch to protection – Span for West, MS-S(W) – Manual Switch to protection – Ring for East, MS-R(E) – Manual Switch to protection – Ring for West, MS-R(W) – Exercise – Span for East, EXER-S(E) A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 43 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 – Exercise – Span for West, EXER-S(W) – Exercise – Ring for East, EXER-R(E) – Exercise – Ring for West, EXER-R(W) – Clear The operator commands apply to a span and therefore the appropriate command i should be applied to the node on the other side of the concerned span(s) also. 5.10.4.2 2-Fibre Shared Protection Ring (BSHR-2) for STM-16/64 Interfaces A self-healing STM-N 2-fiber shared protection ring (BSHR-2) consists of a minimum of 3 NEs and a maximum of 16 NEs. All spans of the ring have equal priority for protection switching. Multiple 2-fiber BSHR can be supported at STM-16 and STM-64 interfaces. Using BSHR-2, half of the total ring capacity is always reserved for protection. If a fiber break occurs, the traffic will be re-routed in the opposite direction via the protection path, back to the terminating equipment. In SURPASS hiT 7070, the BSHR-2 is always in revertive mode. The APS protocol for BSHR according to ITU-T standard G.841 is used. Note that only BSHR-2 for "inter-card" channels of the same technology (electrical or i optical) and STM-N port capacity (disregarding the number of ports) is supported. Fig. 5.14 shows the equipment architecture for implementing the BSHR-2. SDH SF160G SDH interface VC-4 switch interface card card west (1 port) (1 port) east y x Fig. 5.14 Equipment Architecture for BSHR-2 The traffic interfaces listed in Tab. 5.4 support the BSHR-2 protection scheme: Traffic Interface Traffic Signal Ports per Card (see 6.1) IFS10G(B) STM-64 1 IFS10G-M STM-64 coloured, 1 for Metro applications IFS10G-R STM-64 coloured, 1 for Long Haul applications IFS10G-WLS STM-64 coloured for WLS 1 application IFQ2G5(B) STM-16 4 Tab. 5.4 BSHR-2, Traffic Interfaces 44 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Traffic Interface Traffic Signal Ports per Card (see 6.1) IFS2G5(B) STM-16 1 Tab. 5.4 BSHR-2, Traffic Interfaces BSHR-2 Protection Characteristics – Architecture: BSHR-2 without extra traffic – Switching type: bidirectional (dual ended) – Operation type: revertive – Squelch tables: VC-4 squelching according to ITU-T G.841 Criteria for Initiating the Protection Switching Process BSHR-2 can either be initiated automatically or manually using the operating terminal/OS. • Internal switch requests: – Signal Failure - Ring, SF-R (from LOS, LOF, AIS, TIM) – Signal Degrade - Ring, SD-R (from DEG) – Card Failure, CF (card fail in combination with card release switching) • External switch requests (configurable via QST) One at a time selectable from possible values: – Lockout Of Working channels for East and West, LOW(EW) – Lockout Of Working channels for East, LOW(E) – Lockout Of Working channels for West, LOW(W) – Forced Ring Switch for East, FS-R(E) – Forced Ring Switch for West, FS-R(W) – Manual Ring Switch for East, MS-R(E) – Manual Ring Switch for West, MS-R(W) – Exercise Ring Switch for East, EXER-S(E) – Exercise Ring Switch for West, EXER-S(W) – Clear – Lockout of Protection - All Spans – Lockout of Protection - Span for East (LP-S(E)) – Lockout of Protection - Span for West (LP-S(W)) Protection switching is controlled using the K1 and K2 bytes as recommended by ITU-T G.841. Note that interworking with legacy equipment (e.g. SURPASS hiT7070 Release 2.1) i with respect to the Lockout of Protection commands is not possible, as those commands are only implemented for SURPASS hiT7070 Release 3. 5.10.4.3 Configurable Squelch Tables The operator can configure in 'squelch tables' the information necessary to avoid misconnections (traffic routed to the wrong destination) in case of ring segmentation (possible in case of multiple span failures or nodal failures). Squelch tables provide information concerning the nodes where traffic channel enters and exits the ring and based on this information, undeliverable traffic will be squelched (AIS is inserted instead). A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 45 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 For both west and east interface of each node the ID of the source of the traffic received by that interface and the ID of the destination of the traffic transmitted by that interface has to be configured. Note that the squelch table format is different from the format of the cross-connect map in ITU-T Figure 7-6/G.841: The G.841 depicts for one direction (either west or east) the transmitted VC's point-of- view: i.e. the origin of a transmitted VC (Src) and to which node this transmitted VC is being sent (Dst) The hiT 7070 approach is to configure for one direction (either west or east) the CTP's point-of-view: i.e. from which node a VC on this interface is currently being received (Src) and to which node a VC on this interface is being sent (Dst). Squelching is performed by replacing a VC-4 with an AU-AIS signal if – and only if – this VC-4 is “added to” or “dropped from” the BSHR ring at a node which is unreachable because the ring is segmented due to multiple failures. Squelching is performed at the NEs which re-routes this VC-4 from a working channel to a protecting channel or vice versa. 5.10.5 (1+1) Path Protection Switching (Subnetwork Connection Protection, SNCP) The data signal is transmitted in a ring structure via two different paths and can be implemented in line or ring structures. The changeover criteria (evaluation of the path overhead) are specified individually when configuring the network element. A protection protocol is not required. The switchover to the protection path occurs in the “non-revertive” mode, i.e if there was a switchover to the protection path as a result of a transmission fault, there is no automatic switch-back to the original path once the fault is rectified, but only if there is a fault on this new path. Working Path Head End: Switch Fabric Switch Fabric Tail End: Permanent Selection Broadcast Protection Path Fig. 5.15 1+1 SNCP in SURPASS hiT 7070 SNCP is realized within the switch fabric cards. At the head end, the working and protection signal is always broadcast simultaneously to the tail end. The switch fabric at the tail end will then select either one of the signals (see Fig. 5.15). In SURPASS hiT 7070, the 1+1 SNCP can be categorized into • High Order SNCP realized within the HO switch fabric card and • Low Order SNCP realized within the LO switch fabric card. 46 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 ☞ For information about the cards used in SURPASS hiT 7070 see Chapter 6. Both the High Order and Low Order SNCP are handled independently. Thus, it is possible to have both HO and LO SNCP working together simultaneously in cascaded form. SNCP and MSP/BSHR can be configured independently at the same time. The implementation of 1+1 SNCP in SURPASS hiT 7070 is in accordance with ITU-T G.783. SNCP Protection Characteristics – Architecture: 1+1 – Layer: VC-12, VC-12-nv (n = 1...46), VC-3, VC-3-2v, VC-4, VC-4-nv (n = 2...8, 16, 64), VC-4-nc (n = 4, 16, 64). – Switching type: unidirectional (single ended) – Operation type: non-revertive Criteria for Initiating the Protection Switching Process 1+1 SNCP can either be initiated automatically or manually using the operating terminal/OS. • Internal switch requests: – Signal Failure, SF (from SSF, TSF) – Signal Degrade, SD (from TSD) • External switch requests (configurable via QST) One at a time selectable from possible values: – Lock-out, LO – Forced switch to protection, FS-P – Manual switch to working/protection – Clear 5.10.6 Packet Traffic Protection Ethernet SDH Fig. 5.16 Relationship between the Ethernet and SDH Layer Fig. 5.16 depicts the relationship between the Ethernet and SDH layer with the Ethernet layer laying atop of the SDH layer. Since the SDH layer provides the underlying transport mechanism for Ethernet, the Ethernet layer can utilize all the well-known SDH protection schemes like BSHR, MSP and etc. Additionally it is possible for the Ethernet layer to use its own L2 protection scheme "RPR Traffic Protection”. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 47 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 The following protection schemes from the data world are used in SURPASS hiT 7070: • RPR layer 2 protection • LCAS with diverse path routing. 5.10.6.1 RPR Traffic Protection In SURPASS hiT 7070, the RPR will use steering as a protection mechanism against any fiber failure. Whenever a RPR node detects a fiber failure at one of its ports, it will instantly send out an alarm topology command to inform all the other nodes in the ring. 11 16 1 13 7 Fig. 5.17 Fiber failure between Nodes 11 and 16 In the example shown in Fig. 5.17, a fiber cut occurs between node 11 and 16. Node 11 and 16 detects the fiber cut, and both of them will automatically send out an alarm topology command to alert all the nodes in ring. As a consequence, node 13, 7 and 1 will then update their MAC address table respectively so that no traffic will be routed through the failed span until the fault is fixed. 5.10.6.2 LCAS (Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme) In coping with the rapidly changing bandwidth requirements in today's metropolitan network services, the Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (LCAS) has been defined under ITU-T G.7042. This standard enables the dynamic and hitless (non-traffic affecting) addition and removal of individual VCs from a VC group. This enables customers to modify their subscribed bandwidth in accordance with actual usage or as stipulated in the Service Level Agreement. A point to point link realized with the Ethernet card IFOFES-E can be protected by LCAS. Here the complete capacity of the point-to-point link consists of multiple VC-12 paths, which are combined in a virtual concatenation. To fulfill protection, each VC-12 path uses a different route (diverse path routing). In case of a failure a single VC-12 path fails only and the virtual concatenation of the other VC-12 paths is rearranged. For the point-to-point link the result of the failure is a small reduction of bandwidth, but connectivity is still maintained. 48 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 5.10.7 Interface Card Protection (1+1 Port Protection) Equipment protection for STM-N ports is always performed for each individual STM-N port which is involved in a 1+1 MSP scheme. The purpose of this function is to protect the traffic of an MSP protected STM-N port also against card failures of the interface card where the port is located. The global card fail (CF) condition of an interface card will be used for triggering protection of ports protected by MSP. There are always 1 working card and 1 protection card. All the ports on the working card are set to be working ports. In SURPASS hiT 7070, protection can be performed at the port level. A card can have a combination of working and protecting ports. Equipment protection for STM-N ports is also performed for ports involved in a BSHR/4 scheme, similarly to the MSP 1+1 scheme. In this case, there is a Working and a Protection West port and a Working and a Protection East port. The 1+1 port protection is possible with the STM-1, STM-4, STM-16 and STM-64 optical i interfaces and with the STM-1 electrical interface. 5.10.8 SDH Card Protection Combined with MSP Card release switching of SDH interface cards (IFO155M, IFO155M-E, IFQ622M, IFS2G5(B), IFQ2G5, IFS10G, IFS10G-WLS, IFS10G-M, IFS10G-R) is performed by reconfiguration of the switch fabric at SF160G. ☞ For information about the cards used within the SURPASS hiT 7070 system see Chapter 6. The mechanism depends on the configured traffic protection scheme. Also the slot assignments are in dependence of the chosen traffic protection scheme. Recovery from card failure shall not cause an additional traffic hit in case of non- revertive MSP scheme. A manual switch is supported. Equipment protection for STM-N ports is always performed for each individual STM-N port which is involved in a MSP scheme. The purpose of this function is to protect the traffic of an MSP protected STM-N port also against card failures of the interface card where the port is located. The global card fail (CF) condition of an interface card will be used for triggering protection of ports protected by MSP, i.e., from the operator's point of view CF can be seen as an additional criterion for an MSP switch. Equipment uses the same protection master as traffic protection. Criteria for Initiating the SDH Card Protection The following faults contribute to the CF condition for a card (not all of these card fail conditions will result in direct protection switching, when traffic is not on card at that time): • card missing • power fail • self-test fail (after start-up) • local controller failure (a HW watchdog triggers the CF condition if 3 restarts are unsuccessful) • mismatch between HW version and loaded application program system A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 49 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 5.10.8.1 1:N card protection of the IFO155M-E cards SURPASS hiT 7070 SC (Single Core subrack) and DC (Double Core subrack) support optional 1:N card protection mechanism for the electrical STM-1 interface cards operating in revertive mode always. The use of this 1:N card protection excludes the use of MSP traffic protection and vice versa. The protection mechanism is based on the following modules: • Working IFO155M-E cards (up to 3 per protection group) • Protection IFO155M-E card in dedicated slot • Protectionshelf • Card Protection selector as provided by the HO switch card via VC-4 re-routing • SCOH as transparent ILAN link between protection card and Protectionshelf One 1:N (N<=3) protection group can be established in the hiT 7070 SC and DC. 1:N Card Protection Characteristics for IFO155M-E cards • Architecture: 1:N with N <= 3 • Operation type: Revertive Criteria for Switch-over to Protection Card This protection can either be initiated automatically or manually using the operating terminal/OS. • Internal switch requests: – Card Fail, CF#i, i=0…3 according to the internal priority (based on the internal slot number) • External switch requests (configurable via QST) One at a time selectable from possible values: – Lockout of Protection, LP#i, i=0…3 – Forced Switch, FS#i, i=1…3 – Clear 5.10.9 PDH Card Protection 5.10.9.1 1:N card protection of the IF2M SURPASS hiT 7070 SC (single-row subrack) and PDH Microshelf support an optional 1:N card protection mechanism for the 2 Mbit/s PDH interface cards IF2M, operating in revertive mode always. ☞ For information about the cards used within the SURPASS hiT 7070 system, see Chapter 6. The protection mechanism is based on the following cards: • Working IF2M cards (up to 4 per protection group) • Protection IF2M card in dedicated slots • Line Switching Unit cards (LSU). • Card Protection selector present in the LO switch card in case of the SURPASS hiT single-row subrack or in the ESM-CORE cards in case of the PDH Microshelf. One 1:N (N ≤ 4) protection group can be established in the SURPASS hiT single-row subrack and in each PDH Microshelf. Each protection group works completely independent of the other. 50 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 1:N Card Protection Characteristics for IF2M – Architecture: 1:N with N ≤ 4 – Operation type: revertive Criteria for Switch-over to Protection Card This protection can either be initiated automatically or manually using the operating terminal/OS. • Internal switch requests: – Card Fail, CF#i, served according to the internal priority (based on the internal slot number) • External switch requests (configurable via QST) One at a time selectable from possible values: – Lockout of Protection, LP#i – Forced Switch, FS#i – Clear 5.10.9.2 1 :1 card protection of the 35/45M (from R3.0 on) Release 3 SURPASS hiT 7070 SC (Single Core) and Microshelf support an optional 1+1 card protection mechanism for the 34/45Mbit/s PDH interface cards, operating in non- revertive mode always. The 1+1 protection requires the presence of line switching boards (SIPAC connectors) placed at the line interface. In the event that an IF345M fails, the line switching board will switch customer traffic from the working card IF345M (W) onto the protection card IF345M (P). The low-order switch matrix will then select the traffic from the protection card. The protection mechanism is based on the following modules: • working IF345M card • protection IF345M card • Card Protection selector present in the LO switch card in case of the hiT 7070 SC or in the ESM-CORE cards in case of the Microshelf • line switching board (LSB) placed at the line interface (SIPAC connector) 1+1 Card Protection Characteristics for IF345M – Architecture: 1+1, – Operation Type: non-revertive Criteria for Switch-over to Protection Card This protection can either be initiated automatically or manually using the operating terminal/OS. • Internal switch requests: – Card Fail (CF), • External switch requests (configurable via QST): One at a time selectable from possible values: – Lockout of Protection (LP) – Forced Switch (FS#i) – Clear (CLR) A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 51 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 5.10.10 Core Card Protection 5.10.10.1 Card Protection HO Switch Fabric The HO switch fabric protection (see Fig. 5.18) is realized by equipping the HO switch fabric card SF160G twice in a subrack (double- or single-row subrack). Traffic card Traffic card System controller card Input Input selection selection x y x y HO switch fabric - Y HO switch fabric - X Working channel (ISTM-4/16) Protection channel (ISTM-4/16) Card protection CARDP Fig. 5.18 Principle of HO Switch Fabric Protection The HO switch fabric protection function operates according the following principles: • The HO switch fabric protection is automatically activated when the operator configures both HO switching cards within one subrack. • A manual switch by the operator has to be provided. The manual switch has to be handled in the interface cards, the LO switch fabric and the packet switch fabric autonomously. • HO switch fabric protection is based on a non-revertive operation type, that means after recover of the defect switch fabric no switch back will be done. After recovery from a defect switch fabric a manual switch setting becomes active again. i • All SDH interface cards, all Ethernet interface cards, all lower order switch fabrics and all packet fabrics are connected to both HO switch fabric cards in parallel. • HO switch fabric protection is done independently of LO switch fabric protection. • HO switch fabric protection is done independently of SETS protection. • Both HO switch fabrics are always working in parallel with respect to their traffic transmission functions, this means all traffic functions will be equally configured on both HO switch fabric cards by the SCOH card so that the non-selected switching matrix is always in a hot-standby status to ensure a fast switch-over in case of a necessary protections switch. This also includes configuration and switching commands for MSP, BSHR and SNCP • After replacement of one card protection information about protection states has to be transferred to the new card. 52 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 • In case of a failure on both HO switch fabrics no additional switching over will be done HO Switch Fabric Card Protection Characteristics – Architecture: 1+1 – Operation type: non-revertive Criteria for Switch-over to Protection Card This protection can either be initiated automatically or manually using the operating terminal/OS. • Internal switch requests: – Card Fail • External switch requests (configurable via QST) One at a time selectable from possible values: – Manual switch to X (left slot) – Manual switch to Y (right slot) – Clear 5.10.10.2 Card Protection LO Switch Fabric This protection mode is used for protecting the Low Order switch fabric cards SF10G and SF2G5. Fig. 5.19 shows the principles of the low order switch fabric protection. The LO switch fabric protection function operates according the following principles: • The LO switch fabric protection is activated when the operator configures two LO switching cards as protection pair. • A manual switch by the operator has to be provided. The manual switch has to be coordinated in HO switch fabric and PDH cards autonomously. • LO switch fabric protection is based on a non-revertive operation type, that means after recover of the defect switch fabric no switch back will be done. After recover from a defect switch fabric a manual switch setting becomes active again. i • The HO switch fabric and PDH cards are connected to LO switch fabric cards in parallel, in the same way as interface cards are connected to HO switch fabric card. • LO switch fabric protection is done independently of HO switch fabric protection. • LO switch fabric protection is done independently of SETS protection. • Both LO switch fabrics are always working in parallel with respect to their traffic transmission functions, this means all traffic functions will be equally configured on both LO switch fabric cards by the SCOH card so that the non-selected switching matrix is always in an hot-standby status to ensure a fast switch-over in case of a necessary protections switch. This also includes configuration and switching commands for LO-SNCP and PDH card protection. • After replacement of one card protection information about protection states has to be transferred to the new card. • In case of a failure on both LO switch fabrics no additional switch-over will be done. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 53 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 HO switch HO switch System fabric fabric controller card x y x y LO switch fabric - Y LO switch fabric - X x y x y PDH card PDH card Working channel (ISTM-16) Protection channel (ISTM-16) Working channel (UTIF2) Protection channel (UTIF2) Card protection CARDP Fig. 5.19 Principle of LO Switch Fabric Protection LO Switch Fabric Card Protection Characteristics – Architecture: 1+1 – Operation type: non-revertive Criteria for Switch-over to Protection Card This protection can either be initiated automatically or manually using the operating terminal/OS. • Internal switch requests: – Card Fail • External switch requests (configurable via QST) One at a time selectable from possible values: – Manual switch to X (left slot) – Manual switch to Y (right slot) – Clear 54 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 5.10.10.3 Central Clock Unit Card Protection The Central Clock Unit (CLU) card protection is separated in two independent protection schemes: • Protection of the CLU card and the T0 clock distribution. • T4 clock interfaces The SETS is located on the CLU card. Two CLU cards are used for protection purpose. One CLU is master or in working state, the second is slave or in protection state. Removing the working SETS or a SETS failure leads to an automatic SETS HW switching to protection SETS. SETS Protection SURPASS hiT 7070 DC and SC subracks can be equipped with two clock units CLU-X and CLU-Y. These cards provide full protection of all synchronization functions. Both cards have access to all available reference sources and provide a full set of T0 clocks. One CLU is configured as master and synchronized to a reference source, the other CLU (if equipped) is configured as slave and synchronized to the master CLU. The internal synchronous equipment timing source (SETS) is protected by means of synchronization of both SETS located on CLU-X and CLU-Y. A signal fail state (SF) of SETS is detected with activity detectors located on the synchronization lines between both CLUs. For SF of master CLU a consequent HW action is carried out by switching the former slave CLU to the master state. The protection switching event and the currently selected master CLU is reported to LCT/OS. Each traffic card, core card and the SCOH are supplied with two sets of T0 clock signals; T0-X is distributed from CLU-X and T0-Y is distributed from CLU-Y. Each T0 clock set consists of a 19.44 MHz and a 2 kHz signal. 5.10.11 Extension Shelf Protection (for PDH Microshelf) The extension traffic protection has to protect the traffic connection from main subrack to extension subrack. Different possibilities for connecting the shelves will result in different concepts for protection. The principle mechanisms for protection will be identical, i.e. based on 1+1 MSP. The extension link cards LNQ622M in the main subrack and the extension core cards ESM-CORE of the Microshelf are connected via optical fibers. The link in between main subrack and Microshelf can be double either with single or dual LNQ622M in main subrack and dual ESM-CORE in Microshelf. For the dual LNQ622M link protection each LNQ622M card is connected with one ESM- CORE card of Microshelf. For one protection group the same port number will have to be used on both cards. For the single LNQ622M link protection the card LNQ622M in the main subrack is connected with two ESM-CORE cards of Microshelf via optical fibers. A combination of both variants, dual and single LNQ622M link protection, can be used on one card. The given limitations for the different variants still apply. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 55 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 5.10.12 Fan Unit Protection For cooling cards and modules of the SURPASS hiT 7070 sufficiently, the fan units are equipped twice in the double-row and single-row subracks. For protection management, the function of the fan units is monitored. Each fan unit contains several fans. The speed of each fan is controlled by a speed sensor. In case of reaching a lower speed limit, an alarm signal is generated. A red LED on the fan unit is signaling, that at least one fan is defective. The combined sum alarm signal of the fans is fed to the supervision card (SCOH). The speed of fans is controlled by temperature sensors on the fan unit. The fans run with lowest speed at about 23˚C and highest speed at about 55˚C. In addition to internal control, temperature sensors control the speed of the fan unit. If the temperature exceeds about 80˚C in the top of subrack, the fans of both fan units run with maximum speed. The speed of the fans of the lower fan unit, is coded in addition by a slot connector. This way, the speed of the fans is increased by about 10%. If the upper fan unit is defective or not inserted, the fans of lower fan unit run with maximum speed. Both fan units are supplied via two power lines (working and protection power). The upper fan unit is powered by UBAT1 and UBAT3, the lower fan unit is powered by UBAT2 and UBAT4. Both fan units are running redundantly. Only one fan unit is necessary, to manage cooling of the subrack. 5.11 Extension Traffic SURPASS hiT 7070 offers an extension shelf (PDH Microshelf) in order to provide fully use of all PDH interfaces (see Fig. 5.20). Management and control of the Microshelf is transferred via a 100BaseT Ethernet connection. hiT 7070 subrack SC/DC PDH Microshelf Feature Feature Card Card Switch Matrix Extension Feature X Link Card Line Card Mux / Demux Card Switch Feature Feature Matrix Card Card Y Feature Feature Card Card Fig. 5.20 Traffic Flow between Main Shelf and Extension Shelf The Microshelf subrack supports up to 4 working an 1 protection 2 Mbit/s PDH cards, corresponding to a maximum of 252 x 2 Mbit/s per Microshelf and an aggregate capacity of 622 Mbit/s. The maximum equipping with IF345M cards amounts to 4 cards with three configurable 34/45 Mbit/s ports per card. The optional 1+1 card protection for the IF345M cards is available in the Microshelf, too. 56 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 To enable control architecture for the Microshelf, the internal control device of the main shelf is accessible via its control panel. Up to four extension shelves are controlled via the main controller (The Microshelf does not have an own shelf controller). 5.12 Operating Terminal TNMS CT Network elements can be operated and monitored via the software TNMS CT software offering an LCT or NCT mode. ☞ The decision between TNMS CT configured as “Local Craft Terminal LCT” and “Network Craft Terminal NCT” is made on installing the corresponding variants of the TNMS CT software or on startup (see TNMS CT user manual). Single NE with/without LAN Multiple NEs with LAN and TMN LCT/NCT LCT/NCT TMN System TNMS CT TNMS CT Transmission System with local access with network access for Link to TMN Ethernet, Ethernet, RS232 e.g. 10BaseT *) e.g. 10BaseT Ethernet-LAN F QF2 Q Q Q QEXT Traffic Link **) Multiple NEs Multiple NEs NE A local NE via DCC via DCC *) LAN Link Control if left part is local **) Traffic Link if left part is remote DCC Fig. 5.21 Interface Associations of a local / remote LCT, NCT and TMN Transmission System Configuration LCT Mode The LCT mode is used primarily for local management and commissioning of network elements. For this purpose it is connected via the F or QF2 interface and allows access to the local network element. A further network element can be connected via the QEXT interface. NCT Mode The NCT mode is used for local or remote management of network elements. In addition to the LCT functions, the monitoring of all the alarms reported from each accessible network element is allowed. The TNMS CT operating terminal in NCT mode can communicate with a maximum of 150 network elements (including alarm monitoring). The TNMS CT allows to open 50 element managers at the same time. The NCT mode allows local or remote access to the network elements when the operating terminal is connected via the Q interface. For further information about operation, control and monitoring via operating terminals LCT/NCT see Chapters 8.3 and 8.4. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 57 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 5.13 Connection to Network Management Systems Fig. 5.22 shows the integration of SURPASS hiT 7070 network elements in the TMN system. The access from TMN to SURPASS hiT 7070 NEs is realized via QST/QB3 (direct access) and Q-ECC (via dedicated SOH channels within traffic links – DCCm and DCCr) interfaces. TMN (Telecommunications Management Network) EM (Element Manager) Q Q-ECC hiT 7070 hiT 7070 F Fig. 5.22 Embedding of SURPASS hiT 7070 NEs in a TMN System 58 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 6 Components of the SURPASS hiT 7070 This chapter explains the main system components of SURPASS hiT 7070, Fig. 6.1 gives a first overview. Fig. 6.1 Overview of the SURPASS hiT 7070 System Components A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 59 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 6.1 List of Cards Used Tab. 6.1 gives a short explanation of the cards. Short description Explanation IFS40G-MX 4 x 10 Gbit/s MUX/DEMUX (optical) IFS10G 1 x 10 Gbit/s SDH card (STM-64, optical) IFS10G-M 1 x 10 Gbit/s SDH/OTU card (STM-64/OTU2, optical), for Metro WDM purposes IFS10G-R 1 x 10 Gbit/s SDH/OTU card (STM-64/OTU2, optical), for Long Haul WDM purposes IFS10G-WLS 1 x 10 Gbit/s SDH/OTU card (STM-64/OTU2, optical), for WLS WDM purposes IFS10GB Interface Single 10Gbit/s IFQ2G5 4 x 2.5 Gbit/s SDH card (STM-16, optical) IFS2G5 1 x 2.5 Gbit/s SDH card (STM-16, optical) IFS2G5B 1 x 2.5 Gbit/s SDH card (STM-16, optical), SFP IFQ2G5B Optical STM-16 card, Provides 4 bidirectional 2.5 Gbit/s signals IFQ622M 4 x 622 Mbit/s SDH card (STM-4, optical) IFO155M 8 x 155 Mbit/s SDH card (STM-1, optical) IFO155M-E 8 x 155 Mbit/s SDH card (STM-1, electrical) IFQGBE 4 x Gigabit Ethernet card (1000Base-SX/LX, optical) IFQGBE-E 4 x Gigabit Ethernet card (1000Base-T, electr.) IFOFE-E 8 x Electrical Ethernet card (10/100BaseT, electrical) Maps Ethernet signals into SDH: VC-4 or VC-3 IFOFES-E 8 x Electrical Ethernet card (10/100BaseT, electrical) Maps Ethernet signals into SDH: VC-3 or VC-12 IFQGBEB Provides up to 4 bidirectional GigabitEthernet signals. Maps GBE signals into SDH. Provides VLAN concentrator functional- ity IFQGBEB-E Electrical GigabitEthernet card. Provides up to 4 bidirectional GigabitEthernet signals.Maps GBE signals into SDH IFOFE Optical Fast Ethernet card. Provides up to 8 bidirectional Ether- net signals IF2M 63 x 2 Mbit/s PDH card (for single-row subrack only) IF345M Interface 34/45Mbit/s LSU Line switch unit (for single-row subrack only) SF160G SDH switch fabric 160G at VC-4 (High order switch card) SF10G SDH switch fabric 10G at VC-3/VC-12 (Low order switch card) Tab. 6.1 Overview of the Cards 60 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Short description Explanation SF2G5 SDH switch fabric 2.5G at VC-3/VC-12 (Low order switch card) PF2G5 RPR packet fabric with processing of 2.5 Gbit/s framed traffic (622 Mbit/s ring capacity) LNQ622M Provides 4 optical data links to Microshelves (622 Mbit/s link capacity) CLU Central clock unit SCOH Main controller ESM-Core Provides optical 622 Mbit/s link to main shelf (SC or DC) (Microshelf card) IFSOA Interface Single Optical Amplifier IFSOA-PDC Interface Single Optical Amplifier/PDC IFSOB Interface Single Optical Booster IFSOB-PDC Interface Single Optical Booster/PDC Tab. 6.1 Overview of the Cards (Cont.) ☞ For more detailed information about the cards, see the following chapters. 6.2 Power Supply of the Cards Each separate equipment plug-in-unit is equipped with a power converter (decentralized power supply) which provides all necessary supply voltages to the specific card. The power converter is operated from two independent battery feeds. To inhibit noise disturbance and mutual interference, each plug-in-unit is supplied with appropriate filtering. To protect other units against insertion/extraction transients, for every card a slow start facility is provided. In case both supply voltages fail, local alarm indication is still possible via a separate supervision circuitry (separate power feed input available). 6.3 Optical Mux/Demux for 40 Gbit/s Interface (IFS40G-MX) The IFS40G-MX is used for optically multiplexing four STM-64 wavelengths into a single 40 Gbit/s optical signal for transmission on one fiber. It is meant for point to point links with a distance of up to 20 km. Fig. 6.2 shows the basic mode of operation of the IFS40G-MX using a block diagram. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 61 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 PSU DEMUX To / From To / From Fiber IFS40G-MX IFS10G MUX SPI To SCOH Fig. 6.2 Block Diagram of IFS40G-MX The Power Supply Unit (PSU) within the IFS40G-MX is used to supply voltage to the card, while the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) connects the IFS40G-MX to the System Controller (SCOH). The IFS40G-MX can be equipped in a general purpose or traffic interface slot within the double- or single-row subrack. 6.4 Single STM-64 Optical Interface (IFS10G/IFS10GB) The IFS10G card is the STM-64 optical traffic interface for SURPASS hiT 7070. It consists of a 10 Gbit/s optical transceiver, an SDH processor, an overhead processor and a Clock Card Unit (CCU). The received optical signal is first converted into an electrical signal by the optical transceiver. Next, the electrical signal is transferred to a Clock Data Recovery (CDR) circuit. The CDR will retime and then recover the clocking information from the received signal. After that, the resulting signal is transferred to the SDH processor. The SDH processor will evaluate the AU-4 pointer within the STM frame, while the section overhead bytes may be forwarded optionally to the overhead processing unit (SCOH). The clock card unit is responsible to extract the clocking frequency required for the SDH interface from the T0 bus. SURPASS hiT 7070 offers several variants of the IFS10G (in accordance to ITU-T G.691): • I-64.1 1310 nm intra-office • S-64.1 1310 nm short haul • S-64.2b 1550 nm short haul • S-64.3b 1550 nm short haul for G.653 DSF (dispersion shifted fiber) • L-64.2b 1550 nm long haul with optical amplifier • L-64.3 1550 nm long haul with optical amplifier for G.653 DSF (dispersion shifted fiber) • V-64.2b 1550 nm very long haul with optical amplifier • V-64.3 1550 nm very long haul with optical amplifier for G.653 DSF (dispersion shifted fiber) • S-64.2b 1550 nm short haul single-fiber mode (only for IFS10GB) 62 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 6.5 STM-64 Optical Interface for Metro WDM (IFS10G-M) The IFS10G-M is used for direct interworking with SURPASS hiT 7070 Lambda Shelf. The IFS10G-M uses the 200 GHz spacing as recommended by ITU-T G.692 (see Tab. 10.4). In the IFS10G-M, any incoming STM-64 signal will be mapped into an Optical Data Unit (ODU) structure. After that, FEC bytes are appended to the ODU to form an Optical Transport Unit (OTU). The FEC framing in IFS10G-M is based on the RS (255, 239) algorithm prescribed by ITU-T G.709. The FEC bytes will be appended to the ODU starting from column 3825 to 4080. The FEC coding will provide an approximate 6.2 dB gain at BER = 10-15 in accordance to ITU-T G.975. The IFS10G-M has a dispersion tolerance up to 65 km or 1300 ps/nm on SSMF. If the dispersion of the span exceeds 1300 ps/nm a Dispersion Compensation Module DCM is required (see 6.34.3). The ALS function of the card is adapted for Metro WDM applications. 6.6 STM-64 Optical Interface for Long Haul WDM (IFS10G-R) The IFS10G-R uses almost the same hardware as the IFS10G-M card but it is equipped with different optical modules. 6.7 STM-64 Optical Interface for WLS WDM (IFS10G-WLS) The IFS10G-WLS with configurable SBS suppression is based on IFS10G-R card with almost identical hardware. Transmitted STM-64 framed data will be mapped to OTU2 frame with standard RS-FEC according ITU G.709. 6.8 Small Form Factor Pluggable (SFP) In SURPASS hiT 70xx series, almost all optical transceivers for STM-1, STM-4, STM-16 and Fast Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet of SURPASS hiT 7070 are pluggable. A pluggable transceiver SFP can be plugged/unplugged from the designated port without physically removing of the whole traffic card. SFPs are hot pluggable. Every SFP module stores all the relevant information of the module like part number, supplier name, date, wavelength etc. Whenever a SFP is plugged into a port, the controller reads the module’s internal data via a 2-wire digital serial interface. The controller checks all the information contained for type mismatch and checksum error. All SFP modules contain a SIEMENS part number. This part number will be checked also by the software before enabling the optical interface. If the system detects an error, it sends a warning to the system controller card. If all the information contained within the SFP is correct, the port switches automatically to “equipped” state. The TNMS/CT LCT/NCT then displays the part number of the “equipped” port. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 63 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 6.9 Quad STM-16 Optical Interface (IFQ2G5/IFQ2G5B) The IFQ2G5 can be equipped with up to four STM-16 SFP modules. Every incoming traffic stream will go through an optical-electrical conversion and clock data recovery process. The electrical signals will then be transferred to an AU 4 pointer processor. At the same time, the section overhead bytes will be processed by the overhead processor. The IFQ2G5 can be equipped with various SFP modules (I-16.1, S-16.1, L-16.1, L-16.2, L-16.3, L-16.2/3 single fiber mode (only for IFQ2G5B)). The performance and characteristic of all the SFP modules above are in accordance with ITU-T G.957. It is possible to mix freely the different SFP modules within one IFQ2G5. i 6.10 Single STM-16 Optical Interface (IFS2G5) The IFS2G5 is a single port STM-16 interface. Available distant variant: • I-16.1 • JE-16.2/3 33dB • JE-16.2/3 47dB The performance and characteristic is in accordance with ITU-T G.957. 6.11 Single STM-16 Optical Interface (IFS2G5B) The IFS2G5B can be equipped with an STM-16 SFP module. The IFS2G5 is a single port STM-16 interface. Available distant variant: • S-16.1 • L-16.1 • L-16.2/3 The performance and characteristic is in accordance with ITU-T G.957. 6.12 Single STM-16 Optical Interface for WDM (IFS2G5) The coloured optical STM-16 Interface is equipped with a transponder optical module supporting dense WDM Long Haul transmission in the C band (40 wavelenghts) using the 100 MHz grid. 6.13 Quad STM-4 Optical Interface (IFQ622M) The IFQ622M provides up to 4 bidirectional STM-4 optical signals. The incoming client signal will go through an optical-electrical conversion first. In order remove the jitter of the incoming signal, all the bits within the data stream will be retimed with the aid of a CDR. From the CDR, the signal will then be transferred to the SDH processor for framing, pointer processing and performance monitoring. The signal is then routed to switch fabric via the backplane. 64 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Each port within the IFQ622M can be equipped with the following SFP modules (perfor- mance and characteristic of the SFP modules in accordance with ITU-T G.957): • S-4.1 • L-4.1 • L-4.2 • L-4.3 • L-4.2/3 single fiber mode • V-4.2 • V-4.3 It is possible to mix freely the different SFP modules within one IFQ622M. i 6.14 Octal STM-1 Optical Interface (IFO155M) The IFO155M supports up to 8 optical STM-1 signals. Each port within the IFO155M can be equipped with the following SFP modules (perfor- mance and characteristic of the SFP modules in accordance with ITU-T G.957): • S-1.1 • L-1.1 • L-1.2 • L-1.3 • L-1.2/3 single fiber mode It is possible to mix freely the different SFP modules within one IFO155M. i 6.15 Octal STM-1 Optical Interface (IFO155M-E) The IFO155M-E supports up to 8 electrical STM-1 signals. 6.16 Ethernet Interfaces All Ethernet interfaces in the SURPASS hiT 70xx series support /asymmetric near-end flow control and bit rate limiting. Every incoming Ethernet packets are stored temporarily inside a buffer. The bit rate of the traffic flow will be measured, and if the measured bandwidth exceeds the pre-programmed value, the flow control system will send a PAUSE frame to the source. The PAUSE frame will inform the client to stop sending any frames for a certain period of time. This sophisticated flow control scheme allows bandwidth throttling without any high loss of packets. All Ethernet equipment connected to an Ethernet interface in the SURPASS hiT 70xx i series must be able to support full duplex operation. The following Ethernet interfaces are available in SURPASS hiT 7070: • Quad Gigabit Ethernet - Optical (IFQGBE) • Quad Gigabit Ethernet - Optical (IFQGBEB), Concentrator option • Quad Gigabit Ethernet - Electrical (IFQGBE-E) • Quad Gigabit Ethernet - Electrical (IFQGBEB-E), Concentrator option • Octal Ethernet and Fast Ethernet - Optical (IFOFE), VC-3/4-nv mapping • Octal Ethernet and Fast Ethernet - Electrical (IFOFE-E), VC-3/4-nv mapping A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 65 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 • Octal Ethernet and Fast Ethernet - Electrical (IFOFES-E), VC-3/12-nv mapping Each of the above mentioned interfaces are transparent to 802.3, 802.1p and 802.1q compliant Ethernet frames with a maximum size of 1800 bytes (However, this maximum frame length at an ETH ingress port should not be exhausted when additional frame tagging is used within the ETH network, in order not to exceed this limit at other ingress port within the network). The VLAN and Priority information within the Ethernet frames will be transparently forwarded without being altered, modified or interpreted. The Ethernet physical ports will support: • Auto negotiation of PHY-/MAC-layer parameters such as duplex operation, flow control and line rate (rate negotiation for electrical interface card only) • Asymmetric/Near-end flow control using PAUSE frames for Ethernet-to-SDH rate adaptation • Full-duplex operation only • Packet statistic functions • Discard of bad packets • Link up/down signalling to QST and the remote port Note for VLAN operation: i The VLAN functionality only makes sense if more than one stream/VLAN are used. For these point-to-multipoint applications QoS provided by an external (egress) traffic shaper at the uplink port is mandatory. Therefore the L2 service multiplexer function re- quires external (i.e. BRAS, Router) traffic shaping. This means it is absolutely MANDATORY that for the VLAN concentrator application egress traffic shaping per VLAN including max. burst size is implemented in the uplink device (i.e. a BRAS in case of the DSL-scenario). This will avoid head-of-line blocking in case of multiple VLAN-streams sharing the common GbE interface. If this is not done, then an overflow of the sending GbE VLAN card's ingress buffer as well as the egress buffers of a receiving FE card may happen. By this packet loss will not be avoidable (depending on the situation): 1. Packet loss may happen if flow control on the GbE VLAN card is disabled and the connected BRAS does not implement the rate shaping on its egress side. The rea- sons for this frame drop are FIFO overflows of the sending GbE VLAN card's ingress buffer as well as the receiving FE card's egress buffer. 2. Packet loss may happen if flow control on the GbE card is enabled and the connect- ed BRAS does not implement the rate shaping on its egress side. Here only over- flows of the receiving FE card's egress buffer may happen. Nevertheless the enabled flow control has influence on all eight GbE VLAN ingress buffers (one buffer for each of the possible 8 downlink ports): If for one VLAN queue the ingress buffer overflows, the activated pause frame mechanism will stop all other queues as well (i.e. also the incoming frames to be sent in other FIFOs). 6.16.1 Quad Gigabit Ethernet - Optical (IFQGBE) The IFQGBE maps up to four Gigabit Ethernet client signals into an SDH based signal. Initially, all the incoming Ethernet frames will be stored inside a First In First Out (FIFO) buffer within the MAC controller. If the FIFO buffer fills up, the MAC controller will immediately send a PAUSE frame to the client equipment. The GFP header is then appended to the received Ethernet frames. After the GFP encapsulation process, the frame is transferred to a FIFO buffer. Inside the FIFO buffer, 66 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 the size of the payload is determined and this value will be inserted into the Payload Length Indicator (PLI) field. After that, the encapsulated frame will be transferred to the PoS framer. The PoS framer is responsible for payload and header scrambling, Frame Check Sequence (FCS) generation/termination and Core Header Checksum generation/verification. There are two PoS framers within the IFQGBE. Both of them provides a total capacity of 32 x VC-4. All the 4 input ports, will then share this capacity. Every port within the IFQGBE can be equipped with the following SFP modules: • 1000BaseSX Ethernet 850 nm • 1000BaseLX Ethernet 1310 nm It is possible to mix the SFP modules 1000BaseSX and LX within an IFQGBE. i 6.16.2 Quad Gigabit Ethernet - GBE Optical - with L2 Service Multiplexer (IFQGBEB) The Interface Card Quad Gigabit Ethernet version B (IFQGBEB) is based on the existing IFQGBE adding the VLAN concentrator functionality. It maps GBE signals into SDH. The IFQGBEB supports optical SFP interfaces and performs Gigabit Ethernet mapping in the same way as IFQGBE. The IFQGEB cards supports up to four Gigabit Ethernet ports or two L2 service multiplexer or mixture (2 Gigabit Ethernet ports and 1 VLAN concentrator). Each L2 service multiplexer realized with the IFQGBEB card can handle up to 64 downlink ports using a combination of up 8 VC groups and GFP subchannelling (max. 8 subchannels per VC group). The card can host two L2 service multiplexers, allowing up to 128 downlink ports. For additional information regarding VLAN operation please see also "6.16 Ethernet Interfaces". 6.16.3 Quad Gigabit Ethernet - Electrical (IFQGBE-E) The IFQGBE-E maps up to 4 electrical GbE signals of 1000BaseT into a SDH based signal. The electrical client signals will enter/leave the card via the RJ-45 connectors located on the front panel of the card. 6.16.4 Quad Gigabit Ethernet - GBE Electrical - with L2 Service Multiplexer option (IFQGBEB-E) The Interface Card Quad Gigabit Ethernet version B (IFQGBEB) is based on the existing IFQGBE adding the VLAN concentrator functionality. It maps GBE signals into SDH. The IFQGBEB supports electrical SFP interfaces and performs Gigabit Ethernet mapping in the same way as IFQGBE. The IFQGEB cards supports up to four Gigabit Ethernet ports or two L2 service multiplexer or mixture (2 Gigabit Ethernet ports and 1 VLAN concentrator). Each L2 service multiplexer realized with the IFQGBEB card can handle up to 64 downlink ports using a combination of up 8 VC groups and GFP subchannelling (max. 8 subchannels per VC group). The card can host two L2 service multiplexers, allowing up to 128 downlink ports. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 67 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 For additional information regarding VLAN operation please see also "6.16 Ethernet Interfaces". 6.16.5 Octal Ethernet and Fast Ethernet - Optical IFOFE The Interface Card Octal Fast Ethernet Fibre (IFOFE) provides the means to map up to eight Ethernet client signals of the type 100 BASE FX/LX into one 4 X 622Mbit/s signal (VC-4 or VC-3). The underlying technology is called EoS with GFP mapping acc. ITU-T G.7041. The IFOFE has 8 auto-sensing optical Ethernet port and support optical signals via SPF modules. Each port within the IFOFE can be equipped with SFP modules. Each port within the IFOFE can be equipped with SFP modules of either 100Base-Fx 850 nm or 100BaseLX-10 1310 nm. Note that it is possible to mix the 100Base-Fx and -Lx SFP modules on the same IFOFE board. Every port has an auto-sensing feature, meaning that every port can detect the line speed of the Ethernet device attached to it. 6.16.6 Octal Ethernet and Fast Ethernet - Electrical IFOFE-E The Interface Card Octal Fast Ethernet Electrical (IFOFE-E) has 8 auto-sensing, electrical Ethernet ports. It maps up to 8 electrical Ethernet signals (10BaseT or 100BaseTX) into a SDH based signal (VC-4 or VC-3). The underlying technologies are EoS with GFP mapping acc. ITU-T G.7041. Every port has an auto-sensing feature, meaning that every port can detect the line speed of the Ethernet device attached to it. The electrical client signals enter/leave the card via the RJ-45 connectors located on front panel the card. The auto-sensing behavior of every port can be set to the following values: • Port Unused • Auto negotiation off and line rate forced to 10 Mbit/s • Auto negotiation off and line rate forced to 100 Mbit/s • Auto negotiation on and line rate 10 Mbit/s as advertised • Auto negotiation on and line rate 100 Mbit/s as advertised • Auto negotiation on and line rate 10 and 100 Mbit/s as advertised By default, every port will be set to auto negotiation on and line rate 10 Mbit/s and 100 Mbit/s as advertised. The IFOFE-E card supports virtual concatenation groups VC-4-Nv (N = 2...6) and VC- 3-2v. IFOFE-E supports 16 VC-4s in total that can be divided over 8 ports. 6.16.7 Octal Ethernet and Fast Ethernet - Electrical IFOFES-E The Interface Card Octal Fast Ethernet Small Electrical (IFOFES-E) provides 8 bidirectional electrical Ethernet ports. The data rate can be selected manually or automatically. Up to 8 electrical Ethernet signals (10BaseT or 100BaseTX) will be mapped into a SDH based signal (VC-3 or VC-12). The IFOFES-E card supports virtual concatenation groups VC-12-Mv (M = 1..46) and VC-3-2v. The card provides a total capacity of 2 x VC-4; sub-channeling and using of templates is not provided. 68 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Non concatenated VC-3/VC-12 containers or virtually concatenated VC-3-2v/VC-12-Mv (M = 1...46) containers are available for independent mapping of each Ethernet port traffic. Interworking with the legacy Ethernet interfaces (ETH100/ETH1000) with LO virtually concatenated containers is not possible. 6.17 Interface Single Optical Amplifier IFSOA The IFSOA card is the Optical Amplifier card. It provides optical amplification at Tx and Rx side at a fixed channel frequency of 192.7 THz. No dispersion compensation is implemented on the card. It is applicable for links with dispersion shifted fiber types. It is used for V-64.3 and JE47dB-16.2/3 links. 6.18 Interface Single Optical Amplifier/PDC IFSOA-PDC The IFSA-PDC is the optical Amplifier card with dispersion compensation. It provides optical amplification at Tx and Rx side at channel frequency of 192.7THz. Dispersion compensation for G.652 fiber links is provided. It is used for V-64.2 links. 6.19 Interface Single Optical Booster IFSOB The IFSOB is the Optical Booster card. The Optical Booster performs the amplification in light output power of the transmit signal in a manner transparent to the signal content and the optical parameters. The card serves as optical booster amplifier for the L-64.3, and optionally for the S-64.2b single fiber mode application wavelength transparent in the 1530 nm to 1560 nm band. IFSOB will switch off its pump laser if it receives no input signal from its preceding transmitter. Provides optical amplification at Tx side at channel frequency of 192.7 THz. No dispersion compensation is implemented. Applicable for links with dispersion shifted fiber types. 6.20 Interface Single Optical Booster/PDC IFSOB-PDC The IFSOB-PDC is the Optical Booster card with dispersion compensation Provides optical amplification at Tx side at channel frequency of 192.7 THz. Dispersion compensation for G.652 fiber links is provided. DCM sub module may optionally be added. It is used for L-64.2 links. 6.21 2 Mbit/s PDH Interface (IF2M) for Single-Row Subrack The IF2M processes the 2 Mbit/s PDH signal. Every IF2M offers 63 x 2 Mbit/s ports. In the receive direction, the IF2M terminates the incoming VC-12 container from the low order switch fabric before performing path overhead monitoring. The payload will be A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 69 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 extracted and mapped into the outgoing PDH signals. For structured E12, the “retiming” function is provided (PDH-out with SETS quality). In the transmit direction, the card maps the contents of the PDH signals to a VC-12 container and generates the respective path overhead. In SURPASS hiT 7070 single-row subracks the IF2M can only be used in combination i with a line switch unit LSU. 6.22 34/45 Mbit/s PDH Interface (IF345M) for Single-Row Sub- rack The IF345M processes the 34/45 Mbit/s PDH signals. It is transparent to structured and unstructured 34/45 Mbits signals. There are 3 ports per card configurable individually as 34 or 35 Mbit/s. It can be equipped in both the SURPASS hiT 7070 Single Core and PDH Microshelf. In the receive direction, the card terminates the incoming VC-3 from the low order switching fabric before performing path overhead monitoring and consequent action (AIS insertion). The payload is extracted and mapped into the outgoing PDH signals. On the source direction, the card maps the contents of the PDH interfaces to a VC-3, and generates the respective POH. 6.23 Line Switch Unit (LSU) for Single-Row Subrack The LSU is a card that performs line termination and protection switching in combination with the 2 Mbit/s PDH interface card IF2M. Whenever the working IF2M breaks down, the relays in the LSU will be closed. As a result, the customer traffic will be forwarded through the protection bus to the protection card, IF2M (P). The LO switch will then select the traffic from the protection card. Each LSU offers 32 ports, thus two LSU cards will be required for every single working IF2M card. 6.24 Switch Fabric 6.24.1 VC-4 Switch Fabric (SF160G) SF160G is the VC-4 switch fabric used in SURPASS hiT 7070 SC and DC. It has a switching matrix size of 1024x1024 at VC 4 level. Every interface slot in the subrack is directly connected to the SF160G via the backplane and each slot is allocated a total bandwidth of 10 Gbit/s by the switch fabric itself. As a fully non blocking switching matrix, it permits • full cross connectivity between all traffic ports: from line to line, tributary to tributary, line to tributary and tributary to line • any bidirectional and unidirectional point to point connections • broadcast (1 -> m with m ≤ 1024) • drop and continue • 1+1 SNCP head end and 2 -> 1 selector for 1+1 SNCP tail end 70 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Besides being non blocking, the SF160G is also transparent to contiguous concatenated signals, VC-4-Xc with X = 4, 16 and 64. In the single-row subrack of SURPASS hiT 7070 the same 160 Gbit/s switch fabric is i used, however the total switching capacity is restricted to 110 Gbit/s. Due to the limited space within a single-row subrack, a number of 11 traffic slots are available. 6.24.2 VC-3/12 Switch Fabric (SF10G) In SURPASS hiT 7070 DC and SC, each SF10G switch fabric offers a total switching capacity of 10 Gbit/s (64 x 64 STM-1 equivalents). The switch fabric SF10G provides 64 STM-1 channels mapped in 4 x 2.5 Gbit/s signal. The switching granularity is VC-3 or VC-12. There are two different applications in a double-row and in a single-row subrack: • In the double-row subrack of SURPASS hiT 7070 the SF10G gets and send the VC-4 signal (HBT / High Bandwidth Tributary) only to the SF160G core interface. In the switching matrix all VC-12 or VC-3 from the incoming VC-4s can be connected to each outgoing VC-4. • In the single-row subrack of SURPASS hiT 7070 there are additional signals from the PDH interfaces (LBT / Low Bandwidth Tributary) which are send across the switching matrix to the SF160G. The total switching capacity of the non blocking matrix is 4032 x 4032 VC-12 or 192 x 192 VC-3. ☞ For detailed information about equipping see manual ITMN. 6.24.3 VC-3/12 Switch Fabric (SF2G5) In SURPASS hiT 7070 DC and SC, each SF2G5 switch fabric offers a total switching capacity of 2.5 Gbit/s (16 x 16 STM-1 equivalents). Additionally to that in case of connected PDH cards this number will increase to up to 4 STM-1 equivalents. The switch fabric SF2G5 provides 16 STM-1 channels mapped in a 2.5 Gbit/s signal. The switching granularity is VC-3 or VC-12. There are two different applications in a double-row and in a single-row subrack: • In the double-row subrack of SURPASS hiT 7070 the SF2G5 gets and send the VC-4 signal (HBT / High Bandwidth Tributary) only to the SF160G core interface. In the switching matrix all VC-12 or VC-3 from the incoming VC-4s can be connected to each outgoing VC-4. • In the single-row subrack of SURPASS hiT 7070 there are additional signals from the PDH interfaces (LBT / Low Bandwidth Tributary) which are send across the switching matrix to the SF160G. The total switching capacity of the non blocking matrix is 1008 x 1008 VC-12 or 48 x 48 VC-3. ☞ For detailed information about equipping see manual ITMN. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 71 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 6.24.4 RPR Packet Switch Fabric (PF2G5) The Packet Fabric 2.5 Gbit/s (PF2G5) provides all necessary functionality to support packet traffic on Resilient Packet Rings (RPR). It acts as an RPR node within the SURPASS hiT 7070 system. SDH is the link between the nodes carrying traffic in VC-4 groups with a ring bandwidth of 622 Mbit/s. The PF2G5 cards operate with specific encapsulation protocols: GFP (generic framing procedure GFP-F according to ITU-T G.7041). 6.25 PDH Extension Link (LNQ622M) The PDH Extension link card (LNQ622M) provides 4 optical data links to Microshelves. All traffic connected to a Microshelf is directed via this extension link card. Per link capacity is 622 Mbit/s. 6.26 Central Clock Unit (CLU) The central clock unit (CLU) provides the Synchronous Equipment Timing Source (SETS) within the SURPASS hiT 7070 system (see 5.3.1). It is responsible for the local synchronization function within the network element and sends out external T4. An internal CAN bus is used for transport of SSM information between any traffic port and CLU in both directions. The CLU can be synchronized from the following sources: • T1 timing signal which can be extracted from any STM-N port (up to 8 timing sources in parallel) • T3 timing signal from an external 2048 kHz or 2048 kbit/s source (up to 2 timing sources in parallel) • Internal Oscillator whereby the clock quality is in accordance to ITU-T G.813 6.27 System Controller (SCOH) The SCOH is the main controller unit for SURPASS hiT 7070. It monitors and controls all components of the SURPASS hiT 7070 network element, carries the SEMF and MCF functionality and is responsible for the overhead bytes processing. All messages to or from the TMN will be managed by the SCOH. The SCOH communicates with the traffic cards via different internal interfaces: • LAN interface 100BaseT is used for the exchange of control messages between card controllers CCM and main controller SCOH • DOH bus for transfer of DCC and overhead bytes The Q interface is a ITU-T M.3010 interface with high speed Ethernet access (10/100BaseT full/half-duplex with an RJ-45 connector). The SCOH also provides an F interface to a TNMS CT in LCT mode (Local Craft Terminal). Furthermore the SCOH offers several customer purpose interfaces (TIF, X.21/V11 and EOW/Handset). 72 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 6.28 Network Element Alarm Panel NEAP The Network Element Alarm Panel NEAP contains the LED displays for the power supply UBAT (1 to 4), the equipment alarms (major, minor), the communication alarms (major, minor) and for displaying an alarm acknowledge. The acknowledge button is used to Cut-Off alarms. Furthermore the NEAP contains the management interfaces QF2 and F as well as an EOW interface. Fig. 6.3 shows the front view of the NEAP. The NEAP is also visible when the subrack front cover is closed. i ADDRESS UBAT EQUIPMENT-AL COM-AL 1 2 3 4 MAJOR MINOR MAJOR MINOR ACO ACO-B QF2 F EOW-HS Fig. 6.3 Front View of the NEAP Tab. 6.2 shows the importance of NEAP alarm displays, and in Tab. 6.4 and Tab. 6.3 the status of the QF2 data link and the EOW interface is shown. Name Element Color Alarm type Remarks UBAT LED Green Power ON indication Depends on the presence of the corre- 1 to 4 sponding power line EQUIPMENT-AL LED Equipment Alarm Status Can generally be released with the MAJOR Red Urgent alarm ACO-B button. MINOR Yellow Non-urgent alarm Function is automatically reactivated. COM-AL Communication Alarm Can generally be released with the Status ACO-B button. MAJOR Red Urgent alarm Function is automatically reactivated. MINOR Yellow Non-urgent alarm ACO-B Button Black Release control By activating, communication alarms can be acknowledged. GND-signal is connected to all LEDs on NEAP, COPA, all cards and both fan units via the back- plane. ACO LED Blue Reminder for Cannot go out until all the acknowl- occurred alarm edged communication alarms have been eliminated. ADDRESS Subrack -- -- Used for addressing the subracks. The address Addresses are generated by a rotary switch switch and fed to all cards with CCM- module. Tab. 6.2 Alarm Displays of the NEAP A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 73 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Status of the LEDs Color Alarm type Active Yellow Data is being transmitted or received Link Green Line is connected Tab. 6.3 LEDs in the QF2 Connector Status of green LED Handset EOW handset status Off on-hook Handset not connected to EOW conference Flashing (f = 4... 5 Hz) on-hook or off-hook Incoming call from EOW conference to local handset On off-hook Handset connected to EOW conference Tab. 6.4 EOW LED, Telephone Handset Status Indicator 6.29 Connector Panel COPA The Connector Panel COPA contains the electrical connectors and the EMI filter of the SURPASS hiT 7070 subrack. Q/QEXT EOW CES UBAT1 UBAT2 T3/T4-1 T3/T4-2 AUX1 AUX2 AUX3 AUX4 CANEX UBAT3 UBAT4 TIF Fig. 6.4 Connector Locations on the COPA 6.30 Clock Adapter Box T3/T4 The clock adapter box can be mounted to the T3/T4-1 and/or T3/T4-2 connectors on the COPA so that micro coax connectors can be connected to the timing interfaces. 6.31 External Alarm Box The pluggable external alarm box gives access to the Station Alarm Interface (STAI) via the CANEX connector, providing the alarms MAJOR, MINOR, AND-BATT and QLink. 74 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 6.32 Telemetry Interface TIF The telemetry interface is an external signaling interface of the NE providing 8 external input ports (sensor inputs with configurable polarity) for customer use, which are transparently controlled via the management interfaces of the SURPASS hiT 7070. The TIF sensor processing is physically realized by the SCOH. 6.33 Fan Unit For cooling the SURPASS hiT 7070 subrack, two independent fan units – performed as slide-in units – are placed above and below the cards. Both fan units are constructed in the same way and are used identically in single-row and double-row subracks. Each fan unit is equipped with several fans. A red LED on the fan unit is signalling that at least one fan is defective. The fans can be extracted out of the subrack without using special tools. If the fan unit is pulled out of the subrack, the fans will stop within a few seconds. The lower fan unit is placed outside of the shielded room of the subrack; the fans have i no additional shielding. The subrack is equipped with an air filter. Filter supervision is not provided. Insertion of i dust filter requires regular exchange depending on room pollution, otherwise equipment temperature may exceed allowed limitation, resulting in alarm assertion. 6.34 External Shelves for Special Purposes In addition to the SURPASS hiT 7070 DC and SC subracks the following shelves are available optionally for special purposes. 6.34.1 SURPASS hiT 7070 Extension Shelf The SURPASS hiT 7070 Extension Shelf (PDH Microshelf) contains a core card which provides an optical 622 Mbit/s link to the main shelf (SC or DC) and manages1:N equipment protection for the PDH cards (four working cards and one protection card). For redundancy purposes, the core card can be equipped twice in a PDH Microshelf for 1+1 card/link protection. 6.34.1.1 Microshelf Core Card (ESM Core) The Microshelf core card (ESM-Core) provides access to the PDH cards within the Microshelf and manages the 4+1 equipment protection for the IF2M cards. ESM Core manages IF345M equipment protection. All traffic connected to the main shelf is directed via this card with a per link capacity of 622 Mbit/s. 6.34.1.2 Microshelf Connector Panel MS-COPA The Microshelf Connector Panel MS-COPA contains the electrical connectors and the EMI filter of the SURPASS hiT 7070 PDH Microshelf. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 75 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 UBAT1 UBAT2 Ethernet Link 1 to 4 Fig. 6.5 Connector Locations on the MS-COPA 6.34.1.3 Microshelf Alarm Panel MS-AP The Microshelf Alarm Panel MS-AP is mounted on the top edge of the SURPASS hiT 7070 PDH Microshelf. It contains two LEDs for indicating “Power On” and a subrack address rotary switch. Subrack UBAT Address 1 2 Fig. 6.6 Front View of the MS-AP 6.34.2 SURPASS hiT 7070 Lambda Shelf The SURPASS hiT 7070 Lambda Shelf deploys a 32 wavelengths DWDM scheme. It utilizes the 200 GHz channel spacing grid with 16 wavelengths in the C band and another 16 wavelengths in the L band (see Tab. 10.4). Fig. 6.7 Lambda Shelf, Wavelength Grid 76 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 32 wavelengths are divided into 8 sub bands with each sub band comprising of 4 wavelengths (Fig. 6.7). Sub bands 1, 2, 3 and 4 are located in the C band while the remaining sub bands 5, 6, 7 and 8 are located in the L band. In SURPASS hiT 7070 Lambda Shelf, multiplexing is performed in 2 stages with the aid of the MDXM and BSM. The MDXM module is used to aggregate the incoming wavelengths from the IFS10G-M into sub bands. The sub bands are then consolidated into a single remote signal for transmission by the Band Splitter Module BSM (see Fig. 6.8). IFS10G-M MDXM Lambda 1 to 4 1 IFS10G-M MDXM To/From Fiber Lambda 5 to 8 2 BSM IFS10G-M MDXM Lambda 29 to 32 8 Fig. 6.8 Multiplex Structure within the Lambda Shelf Each SURPASS hiT 7070 Lambda Shelf possesses two redundant power input devices to supply the required power to the shelf. Each Lambda Shelf offers 15 slots for equipping with multiplex- and band-splitter modules. 6.34.3 SURPASS hiT 7070 Protectionshelf The card protection for the STM-1 el. Interface card (IFO155M-E) is realized via an external Protectionshelf. The traffic connection to the main shelf is done via fixed connections with coax cabling. The cabling length is limited to 3m because of the additional loss. So the Protectionshelf has to be placed directly over the hiT7070 shelf. The Protectionshelf protects three IFO155M-E cards by one IFO155M-E card (each IFO155M-E card with 8 STM1 signals). The Card Controller Module is based on a Motorola processor. It is an integrated CCM- Module. The power supply unit has to generate all supply voltages used on the board. It also includes supervision for all supply voltages. All board interfaces are shown in the front panel view Fig. 6.9. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 77 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Fig. 6.9 Front panel view of the Protectionshelf 6.34.3.1 Protectionshelf Connection and Alarm Panel (PS-COPA/NEAP) The Protectionshelf Connection and Alarm Panel (PS-COPA/NEAP) is placed in the top area of the panel, which is placed in the backside of the Protectionshelf. The following table gives information about the number and the type of electrical connectors placed at the PS-COPA/NEAP: Type of Connector Number ILAN UP RJ45 1 ILAN MS RJ45 1 UBAT 2 x 3W3 D-Sub power connector 4 Tab. 6.5 PS-COPA/NEAP electrical interfaces At the PS-COPA/NEAP the following alarms are provided: Alarms and Interfaces • LEDs for indicating 'Power ON' • LEDs for indicating alarm status: Tab. 6.6 PS-COPA/NEAP alarms 78 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Alarms and Interfaces – FAULT – OK • LED for indicating ILANF traffic Tab. 6.6 PS-COPA/NEAP alarms (Cont.) Fig. 6.10 shows the arrangement of the connectors and LEDs at the PS-COPA/NEAP: Fig. 6.10 Protectionshelf PS-COPA/NEAP Since the connector panel is at the top and the backside of the subrack, the handling of i the electrical cables is unfavorable. 6.34.3.2 Schematic Labelling of one Port of the Protectionshelf A typical labeling of a port of the Protectionshelf is shown in Fig. 6.11. Fig. 6.11 Labelling of a port of the Protectionshelf A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 79 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 7 Mechanical Design 7.1 Racks The racks used should comply with the dimensions recommended by ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute): W = 600 mm, H = 2200 mm and D = 300 mm (ETS 300 119-2). It is not possible to install SURPASS hiT 7070 subracks in a Standard ETSI Rack. It is i recommended to use a special Siemens rack. The rack can be equipped with one or more SURPASS hiT 7070 SC or DC subracks as well as one or more Microshelf subracks. Fig. 7.1 shows an equipping example with one double-row and one single-row subrack. This case provided that the rack is not equipped with cable compartments. ☞ Further equipping examples are shown in manual ITMN. At the rack power distribution panel, each power line input is distributed over two circuit breakers (25 A) to the input connectors of the single-row and double-row subrack, (10 A) for the Microshelf subracks, and (2A) for the Protectionshelf. Rack, subrack and cards are grounded by multiple mechanical and electrical connections to the planar shelf (protection earth). 80 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Fuse Panel Cable compartment SURPASS hiT 7070 SC single-row Equipping Example Cable compartment SURPASS hiT 7070 DC double-row Fig. 7.1 ETSI Rack Equipped with One SURPASS hiT 7070 DC Double-Row Subrack and One SURPASS hiT 7070 SC Single-Row Subrack 7.2 Fuse Panel The fuse panel is located at the top of the rack (see Fig. 7.1). It provides separate power breakers for each subrack. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 81 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 7.3 Subracks The subracks are available in two versions (SURPASS hiT 7070 SC and SURPASS hiT 7070 DC) for different applications. For both types of subracks the same mechanical concept was used. Both subrack types contain a Network Element Alarm Panel NEAP (located at the top edge of the subrack front), a Connector Panel (COPA) (placed at the bottom of the subrack), a cable duct for optical cables (below the cards) and two fan units, which are placed below and above the cards. 7.3.1 Single-Row Subrack (SURPASS hiT 7070 SC) Fig. 7.2 shows the front view of the single-row subrack. Interface connector panel NEAP Fan unit IF2M (W) IF2M (W) IF2M (W) IF2M (W) CLU Slot CLU Slot LSU Slot LSU Slot LSU Slot LSU Slot LSU Slot LSU Slot LSU Slot LSU Slot IF2M (P) Traffic Slot /E-Core Traffic Slot /E-Core SCOH Slot Traffic Slot Traffic Slot Traffic Slot Traffic Slot Traffic Slot Traffic Slot Traffic Slot Traffic Slot Traffic Slot Core Slot Core Slot Cable duct Fan unit Air filter COPA Fig. 7.2 Single-Row Subrack, Front View The key characteristics of SURPASS hiT 7070 SC are – 9 universal traffic card slots with each slot 35 mm width (Traffic Slot) – 2 dedicated core slots for High Order switch fabric (Core Slot) – 2 dedicated core slots for either for Low Order switch fabric (E-Core) or traffic cards (Traffic Slot) – 4+1 dedicated slots for PDH cards (IF2M W+P) – 8 dedicated slots for Line Switching Units (LSU Slot) 82 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 – 2 dedicated slots for SETS (CLU Slot) – 1 dedicated slot for SCOH (SCOH Slot) ☞ For detailed information about slot numbering and equipping see manual ITMN. 7.3.2 Double-Row Subrack (SURPASS hiT 7070 DC) Fig. 7.3 shows the front view of the double-row subrack. NEAP Fan unit 1 113 101 102 103 104 105 107 109 110 111 112 114 Cable duct Cable duct Cable duct 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 Cable duct Fan unit 2 Dust filter COPA Fig. 7.3 Double-Row Subrack, Front View The key characteristics of the subrack SURPASS hiT 7070 DC are – 16 universal traffic card slots with each slot 35 mm width (Traffic Slot) – 4+2 dedicated core slots for general purpose cards (General Purpose Slot) – 2 dedicated core slots for High Order switch fabric SF160G (Core Slot) – 2 dedicated slots for Synchronous Equipment Timing Source – SETS (CLU Slot) – 1 dedicated slot for System Controller and Overhead Unit (SCOH Slot) ☞ For detailed information about slot numbering and equipping see manual ITMN. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 83 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 7.3.3 Microshelf Subrack (SURPASS hiT 7070 Microshelf) Fig. 7.4 shows the front view of the Microshelf subrack. 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 Interface connector panel MS-AP 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 Cable duct MS-COPA Fig. 7.4 SURPASS hiT 7070 Microshelf Equipping The subrack SURPASS hiT 7070 Microshelf supports up to 4 working and 1 protection 2-Mbit/s PDH cards corresponding to a maximum of 252 x 2 Mbit/s per Microshelf and an aggregate capacity of 622 Mbit/s. ☞ For detailed information about slot numbering and equipping see manual ITMN. 7.3.4 Protectionshelf Subrack (SURPASS hiT 7070 Protectionshelf) The Protectionshelf-MSI subrack layout is shown in Fig. 7.5. 84 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Fig. 7.5 Subrack Protectionshelf (Frontview) 7.4 Cards Cards (plug-in modules) are functional elements which can be exchanged independently of each other with special, decentralized power supply. All cards (except for the cards IF2M, IF345M and LSU) measure 265 mm x 220 mm according to DIN 43356 (see Fig. 7.6), but their equipping height is not the same so that when they are positioned vertically in the insets, slots with different widths are allocated to them. For using within the single-row subrack a special half height card (designed for the cards IF2M and LSU) is available (see Fig. 7.7). Depending on the card type, the plug-in modules are assembled on printed circuit boards equipped on both sides. For ESD reasons, each card has an outer grounding edge which is connected to the frame ground. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 85 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Fig. 7.6 Standard Card, Mechanical Design Fig. 7.7 Half Height Card, Mechanical Design 86 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 7.4.1 Insertion and Extraction Aids The card insertion and extraction aids (see Fig. 7.8) basically make it easier to pull the cards out of the inset. When the cards are plugged in, the insertion and extraction aids engage at the top and the bottom in the inset, so that the cards can be mechanically secured during operation. Insertion and extraction aid Fig. 7.8 Insertion and Extraction Aid Identification labels are applied to the plug-in and pull-out aids so that the cards can immediately be identified after the subrack cover has been opened. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 87 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 8 System Control and Monitoring To ensure high operational safety, ongoing operation is continuously monitored by using a network management system or by operating terminals. The SURPASS hiT 7070 gives information about the operational state independently from an operating terminal via built-in indication elements (see Chapter 8.1). The controlling network management system or a local operating terminal TNMS CT in LCT mode, communicates with SUPASS hiT 7070 via its system controller card SCOH (Master). This is connected with the peripheral card controller modules CCM (Slaves) of all cards of the specific network element via an internal communication system. There also is a link to the management information base of the subrack in which all persistent NE data is stored. The core piece of the CCMs is a micro controller which processes the alarm, status and control information of the card. The system controller card SCOH, not only establishes the connection to the local and remote control equipment (Message Communications Function, MCF), but also monitors all internal functions of the SURPASS hiT 7070 (Synchronous Equipment Management Function, SEMF). The flexible monitoring concept of SURPASS hiT 7070 based on software control can easily and quickly be adapted to various user requests and offers optimum requirements for future changes. The following alarm and error messages are given: – Optical messages via LEDs (cards, subrack), – Messages via the F interface, – Messages via the Q, QF2 and QEXT interfaces. The SURPASS hiT 7070 system is integrated in the following management functions in conformity with the corresponding ITU-T Recommendations and ETS standards: – Fault Management – Configuration Management – Performance Management – Security Management The following are of particular importance: – Alarm processing (e.g. AIS, FTP) for localizing faulty equipment in the transmission network. – Fault diagnosis at card level (e.g. localizing a faulty card). – Specifying and storing configuration data; these can be entered and requested by the network management system or the TNMS CT in LCT mode. – Determining the quality parameters according to the ITU-T Recommendation G.826. – Administration of the access authorization in the operating terminal TNMS CT for various user classes with passwords. 8.1 Indicating and Operating Elements of the Network Ele- ment The indication elements (LEDs) at the subracks (see Chapter 6.28) and on the cards are a useful aid particularly if neither an operating terminal, nor a network management system have been connected to the SURPASS hiT 7070 equipment when an alarm occurs. The LEDs signal alarms at subrack and card level. 88 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 8.1.1 Operating Devices of the Subrack In the Network Element Alarm Panel NEAP of the SURPASS hiT 7070 there is an acknowledge key ACO for manual acknowledgment of the alarm messages as well as status LEDs for the EOW and the QF2 interface. ☞ The operation devices of the Network Element Alarm Panel NEAP are explained in Chapter 6.28. 8.1.2 Operating and Display Elements of the Cards LED Displays of the Cards Especially to assist in maintenance work, there are two LEDs on the front of the cards which are visible after the subrack cover has been removed Fig. 8.1. – A red “Fault” LED indicates that an internal hardware failure happened, the card program system is not OK or the software has made a reset. – A green “OK” LED indicates that the card is in normal operation and may carry active traffic. CORE CARD FAULT DEBUG OK Fig. 8.1 LED Displays of the Cards Operating Elements of the Cards No hardware settings have to be made on the printed circuit boards of the card. The cards are configured by software commands which are relayed to the relevant card via the system controller card and originate from the operating terminal TNMS CT in LCT or NCT mode (or from a network management system) when commissioning or in the case of later changes. Help Configuration of the cards using software is explained in the online help system. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 89 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 8.2 Alarms Power Alarms of Primary Voltages Each power supply (UBAT, NUBAT) is supervised separately. In case of a failure the corresponding green LED on the NEAP will be switched off. On SCOH all primary supply voltages are supervised. Subrack Alarms Alarms of the subrack are indicated on the Network Element Alarm Panel NEAP (see 6.28). The NEAP contains the indication LEDs as Power On (4x green), Major alarm (red), Minor alarm (yellow) for equipment alarms, Major alarm (red) and Minor alarm (yellow) – LEDs are available for communication alarm and ACO (Alarm Cut-Off) (blue). In addition for control, one button (black) for lamp test (to switch on all LEDs on NEAP, COPA, FANs and cards) and one (blue) for ACO are fitted. The LEDs on NEAP are visible and connectors are contactable even if the subrack front cover is mounted. All rack alarms are derived from the supervision unit SCOH of the subrack. Fan Alarm Fan unit 1 and Fan unit 2 are supervised by SCOH. The line alarm sense for both Fan units are connected to the slot inputs of SCOH. The SCOH evaluates the signals and derives an alarm. Alarm LEDs on fan units can be activated by lamp test. The alarm- and present-signal of upper Fan unit 1 is connected to slot of Fan Unit 2. 8.3 Control and Monitoring by the TNMS CT in LCT mode The LCT mode of the TNMS CT gateway software, represents a Management PC for communication primarily with a directly connected, local network element. The LCT communicates with the system controller SCOH of the network element. With the LCT, simple and quick access to the parameters of the network elements (NE) which can be set in a transmission range is possible. This includes the following basic functions: addressing, configuring, alarm monitoring and display of performance data. The LCT therefore offers the following network management functions according to ITU-T M.3010: – Fault Management – Configuration Management – Performance Management – Security Management ☞ Organizational relationships between the SURPASS hiT 7070 equipment in the network (network elements) are only available via the operating terminal NCT but not via the LCT, see Chapter 8.4. To allocate an equipment address (initial commissioning), the LCT is connected locally to the F interface of the NEs (see Fig. 8.2). The LCT can then be operated locally at a specific NE or centrally for all NEs of a partial or total network depending on the application. 90 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 In local operation (e.g. for initial installation), connection takes place via the F interface and in central operation via the Q interface. The NCT mode of operation allows an accelerated data transfer via the Ethernet. The increased data rate of the Q interface is particularly advantageous for short transmission times for file transfer (software download or up/download of MIBS) and access to remote network elements (remote login). Remote Login is only possible via the Q interface. If required, several decentralized monitoring terminals can be used at the same time in a network. When changing the alarm interrogation operation to the interactive operation (configuring), the user logging in first secures write access rights. LCT in local service LAN (e.g. initial commissioning) Possible connection to the TMN Q DCC F NE 1 NE 2 Only the directly connected network element 2 can be reached via the F interface Q LCT accesses net- Q-B3 DCC DCC DCC NE 3 NE 4 NE 5 NE n work elements 1 and 3 via LAN and the others via the embedded DCC data Further LCTs can be con- communication DCC nected to the network channel LCT in centralized service DCC Q NE 6 NE 7 Fig. 8.2 Sample Application for the LCT Mode in a Transmission Network 8.3.1 Access Control The TNMS CT software is protected by a password against the unauthorized reading out of configuration data and unauthorized controlling interventions. A specific user class is permanently allocated to each user identification (name/password combination). When logging in the access rights applicable to the operator are displayed on the LCT. Within the NE, the passwords are encrypted for secure storage. 8.3.2 User Interface ☞ The individual menus and windows are described in detail in the online help system and in the OGL manual. The LCT offers a menu-controlled, graphical, color user interface with English text. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 91 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 The user interface shows a physical view (Module View) of the network element (display of the cards in the subrack). Title bar Tool bar Module View Port List Message Area Status bar Fig. 8.3 Graphical User Interface for SURPASS hiT 7070 DC (Sample) Menus and windows are basically handled the same way as in MS-Windows. 8.4 Control and Monitoring by the TNMS CT in NCT mode The NCT mode carries out all the functions of the LCT mode (see Chapter 8.3). In addition, the NCT mode is used for alarm monitoring in networks with up to 150 network elements. For a better overview, a map can be displayed on the screen of the NCT as background bitmap on which the relevant network element symbols (icons) can be positioned according to the geographical locations of the network elements. Interconnections between network elements can also be displayed. Arranged at central points, the stationary NCT is suitable for communicating with all network elements (NE) of the monitoring range (see Fig. 8.4) and allows simple and quick access to the parameters which can be set. This includes the following basic functions: addressing, configuring and alarm monitoring The NCT therefore offers the following network functions according to ITU-T M.3010: – Fault Management – Configuration Management – Performance Management – Security Management Using the NCT represents a practical solution for management tasks (Telecommunications Management Network TMN) in smaller to medium networks as 92 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 well as for existing networks with expansion stages staggered with respect to time. It is particularly suitable for modern transmission networks with high availability and correspondingly few alarms. NCT Possible connection to the TMN Q (LAN) NE 1 LCT NE 8 NE 9 DCC DCC Q DCC DCC NE 7 NE 2 DCC DCC NE 10 NE 6 NE 3 DCC DCC DCC DCC LCT NE 5 NE 4 F NE 11 LCT monitoring areas (NCT monitors all NEs) Fig. 8.4 Sample Application for NCT and LCT in a Transmission Network If requested, several NCTs can also be operated at the same time in a network without data collision. When changing the alarm monitoring operation to the interactive operation (configuring), the user logging in first secures the write access rights. 8.5 Control and Monitoring by a Network Management System Like all the components of the SURPASS hiT range, the SURPASS hiT 7070 is integrated in the concept of a central network management system. It communicates with the system control SCOH of the SURPASS hiT 7070 like the operating terminal in LCT mode. However, the two control possibilities can be used independently. Access Control The network management system provides access control for reading configuration and operation data as well as for controlling interventions in the SURPASS hiT 7070. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 93 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 9 Commissioning and Maintenance 9.1 Commissioning If the SURPASS hiT 7070 has to be configured on initial commissioning, a Local Craft Terminal (LCT) has to be connected to the F interface of the hiT 7070. The craft terminal offers a graphical, menu-driven user interface. A SW key license is required to put the NE into active operation. i ☞ Detailed information for commissioning the SURPASS hiT 7070 equipment and the operating terminals is given in the Installation and Test Manual ITMN. 9.2 Maintenance The alarm and maintenance concept of the system provides sufficient alarm information to localize and clear the fault at card level. No regular settings are required. Maintenance measures (e.g. fault localizing) can be carried out locally via the operating terminal interface F (LCT) or under remote control via the Q interface (LCT/NCT or a network management system). ☞ Maintenance of the SURPASS hiT 7070 equipment is described in the OGL manual and in the online help system. Help 9.3 Self Test/Test Access During start-up the SURPASS hiT 7070 network elements perform extensive basic HW/SW self tests. Correct operation of HW/SW is monitored during operation. Several test monitor points are provided. Access to information regarding the status of the optical interfaces such as laser power and receive optical power, loss of incoming signals etc. are available via the main controller and TNMS CT LCT or TNMS. 94 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10 Technical Data 10.1 Traffic Interfaces 10.1.1 40 Gbit/s (4 x STM-64) Interface 40 Gbit/s WDM, 4 x 10 Gbit/s proprietary interface Distance variant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . up to 20 km Nominal bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 x 9 953 280 kbit/s Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WDM, Binary Non Return to Zero Transmitting side Laser type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cw laser with modulator Optical wavelengthes frequencies. . . . C49 = 1538.19 ± 160 pm 194.9 THz ± 20 GHz C47 = 1539.77 ± 160 pm 194.7 THz ± 20 GHz C45 = 1541.35 ± 160 pm 194.5 THz ± 20 GHz C43 = 1542.94 ± 160 pm 194.3 THz ± 20 GHz Spectral width (modulated) . . . . . . . . . . 0.4 nm Side mode suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . ≥ 30 dB per channel Extinction ratio value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ≥ 8.2 dB per channel Launched power (at point Si and Power at Point Si Insertion loss Mux Power at MPI-S per channel MPI-S as per ITU-T G.692) (dBm) (dB) (dBm) Channel min max min max (*) min (*) max C49 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –1 2 1.44 4.2 –5.2 0.56 C47 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –1 2 1.15 3.8 –4.8 0.85 C45 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –1 2 0.85 3.4 –4.4 1.15 C43 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –1 2 0.56 3.0 –4.0 1.44 (*) Including 1.5 dB connector losses Total power in the fiber at point MPI-S: min. +1.4 dBm (*) and max. +7.1 dBm if all four channels are equipped. Maximum launched power in fault condition (Point MPI-S) acc. to . . . . . . . Laser Class 1M (Laser Class 1, if ALS is enabled) Tab. 10.1 Characteristics of 40 Gbit/s (4 x STM-64) Interface (Part 1) A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 95 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 40 Gbit/s 1550 nm, short-haul, WDM, 4 x 10 Gbit/s proprietary interface Receiving side Receiver type PIN Sensitivity/Dynamic Range Dynamic range at point Ri Insertion loss of demux Dynamic range at point MPI-R (Receiving level for BER ≤ 10-12, (dBm) (dB) (dBm) at points Ri and MPI-R) min max min max (*) min (*) max C49 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –15 0 0.56 3.0 –12.0 0.56 C47 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –15 0 0.85 3.4 –11.6 0.85 C45 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –15 0 1.15 3.8 –11.2 1.15 C43 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –15 0 1.44 4.2 –10.8 1.44 (*) Including 1,5 dB connector losses Overload maximum rating (Max. input power at point MPI-Ri) . . . +3 dBm Maximum reflectance of receiver (measured at point MPI-Ri) . . . . . . . . . –27 dBm Fiber behavior Fiber type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Single mode (acc. to ITU-T G.652 with a max. chromatic dispersion cofficient of 20 ps/nm/km at 1550 nm): Permissible dispersion (Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.652) . . . . . . . . . ≤ 800 ps/nm Loss by dispersion (Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.652) . . . . . . . . . Maximum optical path penalty due to dispersion: 1 dB Total average PMD (1st order) . . . . . . . 15 ps maximum differential group delay Permissible section attenuation range neglecting dispersion . . . . . 0 dB to 6,8 dB range at max. dispersion 0 dB to 5.8 dB Tab. 10.2 Characteristics of 40 Gbit/s (4 x STM-64) Interface (Part 2) S1 R1 IFS10G IFS10G Tx#1 Rx#1 S2 R2 IFS10G IFS10G Tx#2 Rx#2 IFS40G-MX IFS40G-MX MPI-S MPI-R S3 R3 IFS10G section IFS10G Tx#3 Rx#3 S4 R4 IFS10G IFS10G Tx#4 Rx#4 patchcord Measurement point (MPI) patchcord Fiber connector Fig. 10.1 Definition of Measurement Points for 4 x 10 Gbit/s line interface parameters 96 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10.1.2 Interface for Long-Haul DWDM 10 Gbit/s Unit WDM 10G - LH Nominal bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kbit/s 10 709 225.316 (255/237 x 9 953 280) Distance variants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . km acc. to SURPASS hiT 75xx R3.0 and hiT7500 (MTS1c/WL) Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binary Non Return to Zero, OTU-2 frame Transmitter behaviour Laser type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cw laser with MZ modulator Optical wavelength range . . . . . . . . . . . nm C-band: 1528.77 to 1563.85 Optical frequency range (ITU-T G.692 grid). . . . . . . . . . . . . THz 196.10 to 191.70 (50 GHz spacing) Wavelength/Frequency stability . . . . . GHz ± 3.75 (± 30 pm) Spectral width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MHz CW static <30MHz; CW dynamic >500MHz Side mode suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≥ 33 Extinction ratio value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≥ 10@ at rated output power Launched power (at point MPI-S acc. to ITU-T G.691) . . dBm –2 to +2 Maximum launched power in fault condition (at point MPI-S) acc. to . . . . . Laser class 1 Receiver behaviour Receiving diode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PIN Receiving level for BER ≤ 10-13 (at point R according to ITU-T G.scs) . dBm –14 to –2 OSNR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB 4dB @ 1nm for BER ≤ 10-13 (back-to-back, G.709 FEC enabled) Note: begin-of-life value, without margin for PDL, temperature ageing, dispersion, polarization mode dispersion, multi path interference. Overload maximum rating (Max. input power) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dBm +1 Maximum reflectance of receiver (at point R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB –27 Fiber behavior Fiber type (acc. to ITU-T G.652) . . . . . Single mode fiber with a maximum chromatic dispersion coefficient of 20ps/nm/km at 1550nm. Permissible dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . ps/nm ≤ -650 to + 650 Loss by dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≤2 Polarization mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . @BER ≤ 10-13 Dispersion tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 ps total DGD @ 2 dB OSNR penalty 65 ps maximum DGD at absence of optical noise @ 2 dB OSNR penalty Optical return loss of cable plant . . . . . dB 24 Maximum Dispersion Tolerance ps/nm 2400 Tab. 10.3 Characteristics of 1550 nm colored interfaces for long haul DWDM A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 97 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10.1.3 Interface for Metro DWDM This interface comprises 32 wavelengths at a 200 GHz spacing. The following wavelengths respective frequencies are supported: C Band L Band Frequency (THz) Wavelength (nm) Frequency (THz) Wavelength (nm) 195.90 1530.33 190.90 1570.42 195.70 1531.90 190.70 1572.06 195.50 1533.47 190.50 1573.71 195.30 1535.04 190.30 1575.37 194.90 1538.19 189.90 1578.69 194.70 1539.77 189.70 1580.35 194.50 1541.35 189.50 1582.02 194.30 1542.94 189.30 1583.69 193.70 1547.72 188.70 1588.73 193.50 1549.32 188.50 1590.41 193.30 1550.92 188.30 1592.10 193.10 1552.52 188.10 1593.79 192.70 1555.75 187.70 1597.19 192.50 1557.36 187.50 1598.89 192.30 1558.98 187.30 1600.60 192.10 1560.61 187.10 1602.31 Tab. 10.4 WDM Frequencies and Wavelengths of the OTU Interface 98 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10 Gbit/s Unit WDM 10G - Metro Nominal bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kbit/s 10,709,225.316 (255/237 x 9,953,280) Distance variants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . km acc. Fiber Service Platform FSP 3000 R3.3V1.0 Input Frequency tolerance. . . . . . . . . . . ppm ± 20 Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binary Non Return to Zero, OTU-2 frame, FEC ITU-T G.709 03/2003 Transmitter behaviour Laser type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cw laser with MZ modulator Optical wavelength range . . . . . . . . . . . nm C/L-Band: 1530.33nm to 1602.31nm Optical frequency range (ITU-T G.694.1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . THz 195.10 to 187.10 (200 GHz spacing) Wavelength/Frequency stability . . . . . GHz ± 18.75 (± 150 pm) Spectral width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MHz N/A Minimum side mode suppression. . . . . dB 30 Minimum extinction ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . dB > 9dB at rated output power Launched power (at point MPI-S acc. to ITU-T G.691) . . dBm +5 to +7 Maximum launched power in fault condition (at point MPI-S) acc. to . . . . . Laser class 1 Jitter characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acc. ITU-T G.8251 (11/01) Eye pattern mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . acc. eye pattern given in ITU-T G.691 (10/2000) Receiver behaviour Receiver type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . APD Sensitivity / Dynamic Range. . . . . . . . . Input level range for a bit error rate BER ≤1.10 12 at point MPI-R is: dBm -22 ≤ Pin ≤ -8 OSNR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB 10 @ 1nm BER < 10-12 (back-to-back, G.709 FEC en- abled) Note: begin-of-life value, without margin for PDL, temper- ature ageing, dispersion, polarization mode dispersion, multi path interference. Overload Maximum Rating. . . . . . . . . dBm 0 (Maximum input power without per- manent destruction of the optical re- ceiver) Maximum reflectance of receiver. . . . . dB -27 (measured at MPI-R ) Jitter characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jitter Tolerance: Acc. ITU-T G.8251 (11/01) Monitoring of receiver input level. . . . . Range = (dynamic range), 3dB tolerance. ALS criterion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LOS = LOF Tab. 10.5 Characteristics of Optical 10 Gbit/s WDM Metro Interface A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 99 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10 Gbit/s Unit WDM 10G - Metro Fiber behavior Fiber type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Single mode fiber with a maximum chromatic dispersion (acc. to ITU-T G.652) coefficient of 20ps/nm/km at 1550nm. Fiber connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LC/PC-connector Dispersion tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ps/nm 1300 (Maximum permissible dispersion) (acc. ITU-T G.652) Dispersion loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB 2 (Maximum optical path penalty due to dispersion) (acc. ITU-T G.652) Polarization mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . @BER ≤ 10-12 Dispersion tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 ps total DGD Optical return loss of cable plant . . . . . dB 24 Tab. 10.5 Characteristics of Optical 10 Gbit/s WDM Metro Interface 100 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10.1.4 Optical STM-64 Interface 10 Gbit/s Unit I-64.1 S-64.1 Distance variant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . km 2 20 User class as per ITU-T G.691, ITU-T G.692 Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kbit/s 9 953 280 Optical wavelength range . . . . . . . . . . . nm 1290 to 1330 Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binary Non Return to Zero, STM frame Transmitting side Laser type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1300 nm DFB laser diode 1300 nm DFB laser diode Spectral width measured 20 dB below max. level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . nm ≤1 ≤1 Side mode suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≥ 30 ≥ 30 Extinction ratio value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≥6 ≥6 Transmission level (at point MPI-S acc. to ITU-T G.691, point Sn acc. to ITU-T G.692) . . . . . . . . dBm –6 to –1 1 to 5 Maximum launched power in fault condition (at point MPI-S) acc. to . . . . . Laser class 1 Laser class 1 Receiving side Receiving diode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Standard PIN Receiving level for BER ≤ 10-10 (at point R according to ITU-T G.scs) . dBm –11 to –1 Overload maximum rating (Max. input power) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dBm 0 Maximum reflectance of receiver (at point R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB –14 Fiber behavior Fiber type (acc. to ITU-T G.652) . . . . . Single mode Single mode Permissible dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . ps/nm 6.6 70 Loss by dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≤1 ≤1 Permissible section attenuation (Dispersion at max. section attenua- tion taken into account) . . . . . . . . . . . . dB 0 to 4 6 to 11 Tab. 10.6 Characteristics of STM-64 Interfaces I-64.1 and S-64.1 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 101 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10 Gbit/s Unit S-64.2b L-64.2b L-64.3 Distance variant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . km 40 80 User class as per ITU-T G.691, ITU-T G.692 Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kbit/s 9 953 280 Optical wavelength range . . . . . . . . . . . nm 1530nm to 1565nm 1555, 747 nm 1530nm to 1565nm Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binary Non Return to Zero, STM frame Transmitting side Laser type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cw laser with modulator cw laser with modulator and cw laser with modulator and booster booster Spectral width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . nm ≤1 ≤1 ≤1 Side mode suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≥ 30 ≥ 30 ≥ 30 Extinction ratio value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≥ 8.2 ≥ 8.2 ≥ 8.2 Launched power (at point S according to ITU-T G.691) . dBm –1 to +2 +10 to +13 +10 to +13 Maximum launched power in fault condition at point MPI-S acc. to . . . . . Laser class 1 Laser class 1M Laser class 1M Receiving side Receiving diode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Standard PIN Standard PIN Standard PIN Receiving level for BER ≤ 10-12 (at point MPI-R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dBm –14 to –1 –14 to –3 –13 to –3 Overload maximum rating (Max. input power) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dBm 2 2 2 Maximum reflectance of receiver (at point R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB –27 –27 –27 Fiber behavior Fiber type acc. to ITU-T G.652 . . . . . . . Single mode fiber with a maximum chromatic dispersion coefficient of 20ps/nm/km at 1550nm. Fiber type acc. to ITU-T G.653 . . . . . . . Dispersion shifted single mode optical fiber with a maximum chromatic dispersion coeffi- cient of 3.5ps/nm/km at a wavelength range of 1525nm to 1575nm. Permissible dispersion Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.652. . . . . . . ps/nm ≤ 800 ≤ 1600 n.a. Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.653. . . . . . . ps/nm ≤ 130 n.a. ≤ 260 Loss by dispersion Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.652. . . . . . . dB ≤2 ≤2 n.a. Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.653. . . . . . . dB n.a. n.a. ≤1 Passive dispersion compensation Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.652. . . . . . . ps/nm n.a. –400 n.a. Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.653. . . . . . . ps/nm n.a. n.a. n.a. Total average PMD (1st order) Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.652. . . . . . . ps 10 10 n.a. Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.653. . . . . . . ps n.a. 10 10 Permissible section attenuation at max. dispersion Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.652. . . . . . . dB 3 to 11 16 to 22 n.a. Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.653. . . . . . . dB n.a. n.a. 16 to 22 Tab. 10.7 Characteristics of STM-64 Interfaces S64-2b, L64-2b and L64-3 102 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10 Gbit/s Unit S-64.3b V-64.2a V-64.3 Distance variant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . km 40 120 User class as per ITU-T G.691, ITU-T G.692 Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kbit/s 9 953 280 Optical wavelength range . . . . . . . . . . . nm 1530 to 1565 Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binary Non Return to Zero, STM frame Transmitting side Laser type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cw laser with modulator cw laser with modulator cw laser with modulator and booster and booster Spectral width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . nm ≤1 ≤1 ≤1 Side mode suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≥ 30 Extinction ratio value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≥ 8.2 ≥ 10 ≥ 8.2 Launched power (at point S according to ITU-T G.691) . dBm –1 to +2 +10 to +13 +10 to +13 Maximum launched power in fault condition at point MPI-S acc. to . . . . . Laser class 1 Laser class 1M Laser class 1M Receiving side Receiving type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Standard PIN Amplifier Amplifier Receiving level for BER ≤ 10-12 (at point MPI-R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dBm –13 to –1 –25 to –9 –24 to –9 Overload maximum rating (Max. input power) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dBm 2 2 2 Maximum reflectance of receiver (at point R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB –27 –27 –27 Fiber behavior Fiber type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dispersion shifted single Single mode fiber acc. to Dispersion shifted single mode fiber acc. to ITU-T ITU-T G.652 with a maxi- mode fiber acc. to ITU-T G.653 with a maximum chro- mum chromatic dispersion G.653 with a maximum chro- matic dispersion coefficient coefficient of 20 ps/nm/km at matic dispersion coefficient of 3.5 ps/nm/km at a wave- 1550 nm. of 3.5 ps/nm/km at a wave- length range of 1525 nm to length range of 1525 nm to 1575 nm. 1575 nm. Permissible dispersion Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.652. . . . . . . ps/nm ≤ 800 ≤ 2400 n.a. Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.653. . . . . . . ps/nm ≤ 130 n.a. ≤ 400 Loss by dispersion Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.652. . . . . . . dB n.a. ≤2 n.a. Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.653. . . . . . . dB ≤1 n.a. ≤1 Permissible section attenuation at max. dispersion Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.652. . . . . . . dB n.a. 22 to 33 n.a. Fiber acc. to ITU-T G.653. . . . . . . dB 3 to 11 n.a. 22 to 33 Tab. 10.8 Characteristics of STM-64 Interfaces S64-3b, V64-2a, V64-3 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 103 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10.1.5 Optical STM-16 Interface 2.5 Gbit/s Unit I-16 S-16.1 Distance variant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . km 2 15 User class as per ITU-T G.957 Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kbit/s 2 488 320 Optical wavelength range . . . . . . . . . . . nm 1270 to 1360 Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binary Non Return to Zero Transmitting side Laser type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabry-Perot standard DFB laser diode MLM laser Spectral width Root Mean Square . . . . . . . . . . . . . nm ≤4 n.a. Measured 20 dB below max. level) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . nm n.a. ≤1 Side mode suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB n.a. ≥ 30 Extinction ratio value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≥ 8.2 ≥ 8.2 Launched power (at point S according to ITU-T G.957) . dBm –10 to –3 –5 to 0 Maximum launched power in fault condition (at point MPI-S) acc. to . . . . . Laser class 1 Laser class 1 Receiving side Receiving diode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PIN standard version PIN standard version Receiving level for BER ≤ 10-10 (at point MPI-R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dBm –18 to –3 –18 to 0 Overload maximum rating (Max. input power) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dBm 0 0 Maximum reflectance of receiver (at point R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB –27 –27 Fiber behavior Fiber type (acc. to ITU-T G.652) . . . . . Single mode Single mode Permissible dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . ps/nm 12 n.a. Loss by dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≤1 ≤1 Permissible section attenuation at max. dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB 0 to 7 0 to 12 Tab. 10.9 Characteristics of STM-16 Interfaces I-16, S-16.1 104 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 2.5 Gbit/s Unit L-16.1 L-16.2 L-16.3 Distance variant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . km 40 80 User class as per ITU-T G.957 Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kbit/s 2 488 320 Optical wavelength range . . . . . . . . . . . nm 1280 to 1335 1500 to 1580 Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binary Non Return to Zero Transmitting side Laser type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SLM SLM SLM Spectral width Root Mean Square . . . . . . . . . . . . . n.a. n.a. n.a. Measured 20 dB below max. level) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . nm ≤1 ≤1 ≤1 Side mode suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . ≥ 30 ≥ 30 ≥ 30 Extinction ratio value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ≥ 8.2 ≥ 8.2 ≥ 8.2 Launched power dB (at point S according to ITU-T G.957) . dB –2 to 3 –2 to 3 –2 to 3 Maximum launched power in fault condition (at point MPI-S) acc. to . . . . . dBm Laser class 1 Laser class 1 Laser class 1 Receiving side Receiving diode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . APD APD APD Receiving level for BER ≤ 10-10 (at point MPI-R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dBm –27 to –9 –28 to –9 –27 to –9 Overload maximum rating (Max. input power) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dBm –6 –6 –6 Maximum reflectance of receiver (at point R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB –27 –27 –27 Fiber behavior Fiber type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Single mode Single mode Single mode (acc. to ITU-T G.652) (acc. to ITU-T G.652) (acc. to ITU-T G.653) Permissible dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . ps/nm n.a. 1200 to 1600 see ITU-T G.957 Loss by dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≤1 ≤2 ≤1 Permissible section attenuation at max. dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB 10 to 24 10 to 24 10 to 24 Tab. 10.10 Characteristics of STM-16 Interfaces L-16.1, L-16.2, L-16.3 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 105 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 2.5 Gbit/s JE-33dB-16.2/3 JE-47dB-16.2/3 Distance variants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120km 170km V-16.2/3 Acc. G.691 except for U-16.2/3 acc. G.691 with output power and dynamic enhanced performance; range exceptions: λ range and output power Nominal bit rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bit rate is 2,488,320 kbit/s Input Frequency tolerance. . . . . . . . . . . ± 20ppm (Port not selected as clock reference) ± 4.6ppm (Port selected as clock reference) Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binary Non Return to Zero Transmitting side Laser type SLM SLM and Optical Booster Spectral width ffs 0,5nm Minimum side mode suppression ffs 30dB Minimum extinction ratio 8.2dB 10dB Launched power (at point MPI-S as per ITU-T G.691) +6dBm to +10dBm +10dBm to +13dBm Maximum launched power in fault The maximum transmit level at point MPI-S is according laser class condition 1M. Receiving side Receiver type APD Optical PreAmp and PIN RX Sensitivity / Dynamic Range Input level range for a bit error Input level range for a bit error rate BER ≤ 1.10-12 at point MPI- rate BER ≤ 1.10-12 at point MPI- R is: -9dBm to -29dBm R is: -39dBm to -15dBm Overload Maximum Rating Maximum input power without permanent destruction of the optical receiver: -6dBm +10dBm Maximum reflectance of receiver -27dB Monitoring of receiver input level Level range = (-29dBm to - N/A 9dBm); ± 3dB tolerance ALS criterion LOS = LOF AND [ Poptin < LOS = LOF sensitivity(+0 / -20dB) ] Fiber behaviour Fiber type G.652 / G.653 Fiber connector LC/PC-connector Dispersion tolerance Maximum permissible dispersion is: 2400ps/nm / 400ps/nm 5000ps/nm / 830ps/nm Dispersion loss Maximum optical path penalty due to dispersion is: 2/1 2/1 Section attenuation Permissible section attenuation at maximum dispersion is: 19dB to 33dB 28dB to 47dB Optical return loss of cable plant 24dB Tab. 10.11 Characteristics of STM-16 JE-33dB-16.2/3 and JE 47dB-16.2/3 Interfaces 106 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 2.5 Gbit/s 2.5 Gbit/s WDM Distance variants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . acc. SURPASS hiT 75xx R2.05 acc. SURPASS hiT 7500 (MTS1c/WL) S42024-L5210-B200 S42024-L5210-D200 S42024-L5210-D200 Nominal bit rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bit rate is 2,488,320 kbit/s Input Frequency tolerance. . . . . . . . . . ± 20ppm (Port not selected as clock reference) ± 4.6ppm (Port selected as clock reference) Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binary Non Return to Zero Transmitter Behavior Laser types SLM Optical wavelength range C-band 40xlambda, 100GHz spacing 196.1THz to 194.2THz 193.6THz to 191.7THz Wavelength/frequency stability stability: ± 13.75GHz (± 110pm)) WDM channels f (THz) λ (nm) 191,7 1563,86 191,8 1563,05 191,9 1562,23 192,0 1561,42 192,1 1560,61 192,2 1559,79 192,3 1558,98 192,4 1558,17 192,5 1557,36 192,6 1556,55 192,7 1555,75 192,8 1554,94 192,9 1554,13 193,0 1553,33 193,1 1552,52 193,2 1551,72 193,3 1550,92 193,4 1550,12 193,5 1549,32 193,6 1548,51 - - 194,2 1543,73 194,3 1542,94 194,4 1542,14 194,5 1541,35 194,6 1540,56 194,7 1539,77 194,8 1538,98 194,9 1538,19 195,0 1537,40 195,1 1536,61 195,2 1535,82 195,3 1535,04 Tab. 10.12 Characteristics of STM-16 WDM Interface A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 107 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 2.5 Gbit/s 2.5 Gbit/s WDM 195,4 1534,25 195,5 1533,47 195,6 1532,68 195,7 1531,90 195,8 1531,12 195,9 1530,33 196,0 1529,55 196,1 1528,77 Spectral width CW static <10MHz Minimum side mode suppression 30dB Minimum extinction ratio 10dB Launched power -1dBm to +3dBm At point MPI-S as per ITU-T G.691 Maximum launched power in fault The maximum transmit level at point MPI-S is according laser class condition 1. Receiver Behavior Receiver type PIN Sensitivity / Dynamic Range Input level range for a bit error Input level range for a bit error rate rate BER ≤ 1.10-12 at point MPI-R is: BER ≤ 1.10-10 at point MPI-R is: -14dBm to -2dBm -20dBm to -6dBm OSNR Tolerance 5,5dBnm within dynamic range 4.3dBnm@ BER<1E-10 @ BER<1E-12 5.8dBnm@ BER<1E-12 (within dynamic range) Overload Maximum Rating Maximum input power without permanent destruction of the optical receiver: 0dBm Maximum reflectance of receiver -27dB Monitoring of receiver input level Level range = (-20dBm to -2dBm); 3dB tolerance ALS criterion LOS = LOF Fiber Behavior Fiber type G.652 Fiber connector LC/PC-connector Dispersion tolerance Maximum permissible dispersion is: 3200ps/nm 10000ps/nm Dispersion loss Maximum optical path penalty due to dispersion is: 2 Section attenuation Permissible section attenuation at maximum dispersion is: n.a. Optical return loss of cable plant 24dB Tab. 10.12 Characteristics of STM-16 WDM Interface (Cont.) 108 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10.1.6 Optical STM-4 Interface 622 Mbit/s Unit S-4.1 L-4.1 L-4.2 L-4.3 Distance variant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . km 15 40 80 User class as per ITU-T G.957 Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kbit/s 622 080 Optical wavelength range . . . . . . . . . . . nm 1274 to 1356 1280 to 1335 1480 to 1580 Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binary Non Return to Zero Transmitting side Laser type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MLM SLM SLM SLM Spectral width Root Mean Square . . . . . . . . . . . . . nm ≤ 2.5 n.a. n.a. n.a. Measured 20 dB below max. level) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . nm n.a. ≤1 ≤1 ≤1 Side mode suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB n.a. ≥ 30 ≥ 30 ≥ 30 Extinction ratio value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≥ 8.2 ≥ 10 ≥ 10 ≥ 10 Launched power (at point S acc. to ITU-T G.957) . . . . . . dBm –15 to –8 –3 to +2 –3 to +2 –3 to +2 Maximum launched power in fault condition (at point S) acc. to . . . . . . . . . Laser class 1 Laser class 1 Laser class 1 Laser class 1 Receiving side Receiving diode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PIN PIN PIN PIN Receiving level for BER ≤ 10-10 (at point R according to ITU-T G.scs) . dBm –28 to –8 –28 to –8 –28 to –8 –28 to –8 Overload maximum rating (Max. input power) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dBm 0 2 2 2 Maximum reflectance of receiver (at point R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB n.a. –14 –27 –14 Fiber behavior Fiber type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Single mode (acc. to Single mode (acc. to Single mode (acc. to Single mode (acc. to ITU-T G.652) ITU-T G.652) ITU-T G.652) ITU-T G.653) Permissible dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . ps/nm 74 n.a. n.a. n.a. Loss by dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≤1 ≤1 ≤1 ≤1 Permissible section attenuation at max. dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB 0 to 12 10 to 24 10 to 24 10 to 24 Tab. 10.13 Characteristics of STM-4 Interfaces S-4.1, L-4.1, L-4.2, L-4.3 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 109 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 622 Mbit/s V-4.2 V-4.3 Distance variant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120km 120km User class as per ITU-T G.691 (10/2000) Nominal Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bit rate is 622,080 kbit/s Input Frequency tolerance. . . . . . . . . . . ± 20ppm (Port not selected as clock reference) ± 4.6ppm (Port selected as clock reference) Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binary Non Return to Zero Transmitter Behavior Laser types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SLM SLM Optical wavelength range 1530nm to 1565nm 1530nm to 1565nm Spectral characteristics Maximum full width at -20 dB down from the maximum am- plitude is: ffs ffs Minimum side mode suppression ffs ffs Output pulse eye-diagram The eye diagram for the optical transmit signal meets the re- quirement mask of Figure 2 of ITU G.957 (issue 6/99) with the parameters X1/X4=0.25/0.75, X2/X3=0.4/0.6 and Y1/Y2=0.2/0.8. Minimum extinction ratio 10dB 10dB Launched power +4 to 0dBm +4 to 0dBm At point S as per ITU-T G.957 (06/99) Maximum launched power in fault condition The maximum transmit level at point S is according laser class 1. Receiver Behavior Receiver type APD Sensitivity / Dynamic Range Input level range for a bit error rate BER ≤ 1x10-12 at R point is: -34dBm ≤ Pin ≤ -18dBm Overload Maximum Rating Maximum input power without permanent destruction of the optical receiver is: tbd. tbd. Maximum reflectance of receiver Maximum reflectance of receiver, measured at R point is: -27dB -27dB Monitoring of receiver input level Range =(-34dBm to -18dBm), ± 3dB tolerance ALS criterion LOS = LOF AND [ Popt in < (sensitivity +0/-20dB) ] Fiber Behavior Fiber type Single mode fiber according Single mode fiber according ITU-T G.652. ITU-T G.653 Fiber connector LC/PC-connector Dispersion tolerance Maximum permissible dispersion is: 2400ps/nm 400ps/nm Dispersion loss Maximum optical path penalty due to dispersion is: Tab. 10.14 Characteristics of STM-16 V-4.2 and V-4.3 Interfaces 110 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 622 Mbit/s V-4.2 V-4.3 1dB 1dB Maximum differential group delay 480ps 480ps Section attenuation Permissible section attenuation at maximum dispersion is: 22 to 33dB 22 to 33dB Optical return loss of cable plant Minimum optical return loss of cable plant at S, including any connector is 24dB 24dB Maximum discrete reflectance between S and R is: -27dB -27dB Tab. 10.14 Characteristics of STM-16 V-4.2 and V-4.3 Interfaces (Cont.) A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 111 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10.1.7 Optical STM-1 Interface 155 Mbit/s Unit S-1.1 L-1.1 L-1.2 L-1.3 Distance variant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . km 15 40 80 User class as per ITU-T G.957 Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kbit/s 155 520 Optical wavelength range . . . . . . . . . . . nm 1261 to 1360 1270 to 1360 1480 to 1580 Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binary Non Return to Zero Transmitting side Laser type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MLM MLM SLM SLM Spectral width Root Mean Square . . . . . . . . . . . . . nm ≤ 7.7 ≤ 3.0 n.a. n.a. Measured 20 dB below max. level) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . nm n.a. n.a. ≤1 ≤1 Side mode suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB n.a. n.a. ≥ 30 ≥ 30 Extinction ratio value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≥ 8.2 ≥ 10 ≥ 10 ≥ 10 Launched power (at pont S according to ITU-T G.957) . dBm –15 to –8 –5 to 0 –5 to 0 –5 to 0 Maximum launched power in fault condition (at point S) acc. to . . . . . . . . . Laser class 1 Laser class 1 Laser class 1 Laser class 1 Receiving side Receiving diode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PIN PIN PIN PIN Receiving level for BER ≤ 10-10 (at point R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dBm –28 to –8 –34 to –10 –34 to –10 –34 to –10 Overload maximum rating (max. input power) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dBm 0 0 0 0 Maximum reflectance of receiver (at point R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB n.a. n.a. ≤ 25 n.a. Fiber behavior Fiber type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Single mode (acc. to Single mode (acc. to Single mode (acc. to Single mode (acc. to ITU-T G.652) ITU-T G.652) ITU-T G.652) ITU-T G.653) Permissible dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . ps/nm ≤ 96 ≤ 246 n.a. n.a. Loss by dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≤1 ≤1 ≤1 ≤1 Permissible section attenuation at max. dispersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB 0 to 12 10 to 28 10 to 28 10 to 28 Tab. 10.15 Characteristics of Optical STM-1 Interfaces S-1.1, L-1.1, L-1.2, L-1.3 112 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10.1.8 Electrical STM-1 Interface (ES1 acc. to ITU-T G.703) Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 520 kbit/s Bit rate accuracy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ± 20 ppm (input) Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CMI Output port: Pulse shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . acc. to ITU-T G.703 Peak-to-peak voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 V ± 0.1 V Rise time between 10% and 90% amplitudes of the measured steady state amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ≤ 2 ns Transition timing tolerance referred to the mean value of the 50% amplitude points of negative transitions . Negative transitions: ± 0.1 ns Positive transitions at unit interval boundaries: ± 0.5 ns Positive transitions at mid-unit intervals: ± 0.35 ns Maximum peak-to-peak jitter at an output port. . . . . acc. to ITU-T G.825 Return loss at the output port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ≥ 15 dB (8 MHz to 240 MHz) Input port: Input jitter tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . acc. to ITU-T G.825 Return loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ≥ 15 dB (8 MHz to 240 MHz) Cable: Pairs in each direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . One coaxial pair Test load impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Ω resistive Permissible cable attenuation (78 MHz). . . . . . . . . . ≤ 12.7 dB, follows f(0.5) law 10.1.9 Electrical 2 Mbit/s Interface Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 048 kbit/s Code. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HDB3 Frequenz tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ± 50 ppm (input) Permissible cable attenuation at 1024 kHz . . . . . . . 0 to 6 dB (G.703) Nominal impedance (input and output) acc. to ITU-T G.703 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Ω (unbalanced) or 120 Ω (balanced), (depend on hardware type) Return loss (Input acc. to ITU-T G.703, Output acc. to ETS300-166) 51 kHz to 102 kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ≥ 12 dB (in), ≥ 6 dB (out) 102 kHz to 2 048 kHz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ≥ 18 dB (in), ≥ 8 dB (out) 2 048 kHz to 3 072 kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ≥ 14 dB (in), ≥ 8 dB (out) A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 113 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10.1.10 Electrical 34 / 45 Mbit/s Interface 34 Mbit/s Interfaces Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34368 kbit/s Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HDB3 Frequency Tolerance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ± 20 ppm (Input) Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Ω unbalanced (Input and Output) acc. to ITU-T G.703 Return Loss Input ≥ 12 dB (860kHz ... 1720kHz) Requirements acc. to ITU-T ≥ 18 dB (1720kHz ... 34368kHz) G.703 ≥ 14 dB (34368kHz ... 51550kHz) Output ≥ 10 dB (860kHz ... 1720kHz) Requirements 1 acc. to "EI34 ≥ 14 dB (1720kHz ... 34368kHz) Grobentwurf" S42024-D3508- ≥ 10 dB (34368kHz ... 51550kHz) A1-*-59, issue 01 Input Cable Attenuation 0...12 dB (at 17184 kHz) acc. ITU-T G.703 (The attenuation follows approximately a √f law ) 1 These requirements include the requirements acc. to ETS 300-166 Tab. 10.16 Characteristic of Electrical 34 Mbit/s Interfaces 45 Mbit/s Interfaces Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44736 kbit/s acc. to ANSI T1.102-1993, Table 4 Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B3ZS (HDB2) acc. to ANSI T1.102-1993, Table 4 Frequency Tolerance (Input acc. to ANSI T1.102-1993, Table 4) . . . . . . . . . ±895 bit/s resp. ±20 ppm Impedance (Input and Output acc. to ANSI T1.102-1993, Table 4) . . . . . . . . . 75 Ω unbalanced Return Loss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Requirements acc. to ANSI T1.102-1993, annex B.2.5 DSX-3, 3rd paragraph3 Input Cable Attenuation Requirements acc. to ANSI T1.102-1993, Figure C.2 and annex B.2.5, "DSX-3" 4 2 These requirements include the requirements acc. to ETS 300-16 3 ....greaterthan 20 dB at 22,368 MHz. ... measured including the effect of 27 feet cable... to 75W ± 5%”. (27 feet = 8,23 m) 4 For office cable characteristics see ANSI T1.102, annex C, with Figure C.2. Acc. to this Figure the atten- uation of an 450 ft cable is approx. 6 dB / 22,368 MHz.. Please note, that the pulse amplitude is measured acc. to footnote 25 Tab. 10.17 Characteristics of Electrical 45 Mbit/s Interfaces 114 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10.1.11 Gigabit Ethernet Interface (1000Base-SX/LX) 1.250 Gbaud Unit 1000Base-SX 1000Base-LX 850 nm 1300 nm Short-haul Long-haul Distance variant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . km 1000Base-SX 1000Base-LX User class as per IEEE 802.3, 2000 Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . kbaud 1 250 000 Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binary Non Return to Zero, 8B/10B Transmitting side Laser type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VCSEL FPL Optical wavelength range . . . . . . . . . . . nm 770 to 860 1270 to 1355 Spectral width (Root Mean Square) . . nm 0.85 4 Side mode suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB n.a. n.a. Extinction ratio value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB ≥9 ≥9 Launched power (at point TP2 acc. to IEEE 802.3, 2000) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dBm –9.5 to 0 –11.0 to –3 Maximum launched power in fault condition (at point MDI) acc. to . . . . . . . Laser class 1 Laser class 1 Receiving side Receiving diode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PIN PIN Receiving level for BER ≤ 10-12 (at point TP3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dBm –17 to 0 –19 to –3 Overload maximum rating (max. input power) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dBm 0 0 Maximum reflectance of receiver (at point MDI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dB –12 –12 Fiber behavior Fiber type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multi-mode Fiber Sigle-mode Fiber 62.5 µm / 50 µm 10 µm Operating distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m 220/500 5000 Tab. 10.18 Characteristics of Optical 1.250 GBaud Interfaces 10.1.12 Ethernet Interface 10/100/1000BaseT, Electrical All details regarding the 10BaseT physical layer can be found in IEEE 802.3, clauses 7 and 14. A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 115 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10.1.13 Fast Ethernet Traffic Interface 125 Mbaud 100Base-FX 100Base-LX10 1300nm 1300 nm Distance variants . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2km 10km User class as per IEEE802.3 User class as per and IEEE 802.3ah D3 ISO/IEC 9314-3: 1990 Nominal bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bit rate is 125.000 kbaud Input Frequency tolerance . . . . ± 100ppm ± 50ppm Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binary Non Return to Zero, 4B/5B Transmitte Behavior Laser type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fabry-Perot Fabry-Perot Optical wavelength range . . . . . . 1270nm to 1380nm 1260nm to 1360nm Spectral width . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n.a. 7.7nm Minimum side mode suppression n.a. n.a. Minimum extinction ratio . . . . . . . 10dB 5dB Launched power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . -20dBm to -14dBm -15dBm to -8 dBm At point TP2 as per IEEE 802.3 Maximum launched power in The maximum transmit level at The maximum transmit level at fault condition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . point MDI- is according laser point MDI- is according laser class 1. class 1. LaserPowerOff: P ≤ -30dBm Eye pattern mask tbd. acc. IEEE 802.3ah D3 Receiver Behavior Receiver type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PIN PIN Sensitivity / Dynamic Range . . . . Input level range for a bit error rate BER ≤ 1 x 10-12 at point TP3 is: -31dBm ≤ Pin ≤ -14dBm -25dBm ≤ Pin ≤ -8dBm Overload Maximum Rating . . . . . Maximum input power without permanent destruction of the optical receiver: -11dBm -7dBm Minimum return loss . . . . . . . . . . . tbd. 12dB Jitter characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . tbd. acc. IEEE 802.3ah D3 Input Signal Detect . . . . . . . . . . . . -45dBm -45dBm Fiber Behavior Fiber type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MMF 62.5 µm fiber; SSMF ITU-T G.652 Bandwidth: 500MHz*km Section Attenuation . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 to 11 dB 0 to 6 dB Tab. 10.19 Characteristics of Optical 125 Mbaud Interfaces 116 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10.2 Control Interfaces 10.2.1 F Interface for Operating Terminal Transmission rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.2 kbaud Plug connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RJ45 LCT interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RS232 10.2.2 Q Interface for Network Management System Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10/100 Mbit/s Plug connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RJ45 10/100BaseT operation Half/full duplex inc. auto negotiation . . . . . . . . . . supported 10.2.3 QF2 Interface for Network Management System Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10/100 Mbit/s Plug connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RJ45 10/100BaseT operation Half/full duplex inc. auto negotiation . . . . . . . . . . supported 10.2.4 Qext Interface for Network Management System Bit rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10/100 Mbit/s Plug connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RJ45 10/100BaseT operation Half/full duplex inc. auto negotiation . . . . . . . . . . supported 10.3 Signaling Interfaces 10.3.1 Fault Indication and Service Status LEDs NEAP, Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 LEDs (green) UBAT,1 to 4 1 LED (red) Major 1 LED (yellow) Minor 1 LED (blue) ACO Fan Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 LED (red) alarm indication Cards, Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 LED (red) alarm indication 1 LED (green) operation indica- tion A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 117 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10.4 Overhead Interfaces 10.4.1 EOW Interfaces 2-Wire Interface for the Telephone Handset Frequency range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 Hz to 3400 Hz Input level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 dBr Output level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –14 dBr Input impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 Ω + (820 Ω || 115 nF) Output impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 Ω + (820 Ω || 115 nF) Balance attenuation to ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . > 40 dB Modulation method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PCM, A-law Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 kbit/s Maximum distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . < 5 m (0.5 mm wire) Connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RJ-11 Dialing method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DTMF Transmit level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –14 dBm0 to –9 dBm0 Receive level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –30 dBm0 to 0 dBm0 Handset feed voltage (DC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 V Maximum feeding current (off-hook) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 mA Handset resistance (DC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~500 Ω Ringing/Busy tone level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –13 dBm0 Ringing/Busy tone frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 Hz 4-Wire EOW Interface Transmission bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 Hz to 3400 Hz Input level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .–4 dBr (ETSI) –16 dBr (ANSI) Output level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –4 dBr (ETSI) +7 dBr (ANSI) Input impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600 Ω (balanced) Output impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600 Ω (balanced) Balance attenuation to ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . > 40 dB Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 kbit/s Maximum distance (0.5 mm wire) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 m 10.4.2 V.11/X.21 Interface Bi-directional data-transparent phys. V.11 interfaces 4 118 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Data and clock pulse Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contradirectional (data in) Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Codirectional (clock and data out) Basis capacity of each interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 kbit/s For each interface the following capacities can be con- figured: 1 OH-Byte (basic channel) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 kbit/s 3 OH-Bytes (DCCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 x 64 kbit/s = 192 kbit/s 9 OH-Bytes (DCCM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 x 64 kbit/s = 576 kbit/s 27 OH-Bytes (HCOH). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 x 64 kbit/s = 1728 kbit/s 10.5 External Alarm Interface (TIF) for Customer-specific Chan- nels Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 inputs (sensors) Activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The ports are transparently controlled via the management interfaces of the SURPASS hiT 7070 Maximum Delta U between TIF-IN+1 to TIF-IN+8 and TIF-COM-1 to TIF-COM-2 allowed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 V Inactive state is detected for Delta U between TIF-IN+1 to TIF-IN+8 and TIF-COM-1 to TIF-COM-2 0 V to 3 V Active State is detected for Delta U between TIF-IN+1 to TIF-IN+8 and TIF-COM-1 to TIF-COM-2 . . . . . . . 17 V to 75 V 10.6 Interfaces for Network Clock Synchronization 10.6.1 2048-kHz Interface Reference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ITU-T G.703 (but frequency range limited to ± 4.6 ppm) Input Interface T3 Input frequency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2048 kHz Balanced mode: Input impedance 120 Ω Input voltage U0P 0.5 V to 1.9 V Unbalanced mode: Input impedance 75 Ω Input voltage U0P 0.375 V to 1.5 V A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 119 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 Output Interface T4 Output frequency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2048 kHz Output voltage U0P With balanced load (120 Ω in parallel with 60 pF) 1.0 V to 1.9 V With unbalanced load (75 Ω) 0.75 V to 1.5 V 10.6.2 2048-kbit/s Interface Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ITU-T G.703 (but frequency range limited to ± 4.6 ppm) T3 Data Interface Input frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2048 kbit/s Return loss at 2048 kHz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ≥ 15 dB Frequency range (kHz) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 to 102 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ≥ 12 dB 102 to 2048 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ≥ 18 2048 to 3072 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ≥ 14 T4 Data Interface Output frequency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2048 kbit/s Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HDB3 Frame structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CRC-4 multiframe 10.7 Protection Switching Characteristics 10.7.1 Linear 1+1 MSP Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1+1 Switching mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . unidirectional (single-ended) Operation type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . non-revertive APS channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K1, K2 acc. to ITU-T G.841 Switching time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . acc. to ITU-T 10.7.2 Linear 1:N MSP Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:N with N = 1 to 14 Switching mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bi-directional Operation type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . revertive APS channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K1, K2 acc. to ITU-T G.841 Switching time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . acc. to ITU-T 10.7.3 Bidirectional Self-Healing Ring Protection BSHR-4 Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BSHR-4, without extra traffic Switching mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bidirectional (dual-ended) Operation type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . revertive 120 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 APS channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K1, K2 acc. to ITU-T G.841 Switching time (for 1200 km long ring of 16 nodes after detection of a single protection request from a failed signal, being in idle status, without extra traffic) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . acc. to ITU-T Wait-to-restore-time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 min to 12 min (in 1 min steps) 10.7.4 Bidirectional Self-Healing Ring Protection BSHR-2 Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BSHR-2, without extra traffic Switching mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bidirectional (dual-ended) Operation type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . revertive APS channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K1, K2 acc. to ITU-T G.841 Switching time (for 1200 km long ring of 16 nodes after detection of a single protection request from a failed signal, being in idle status, without extra traffic) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . acc. to ITU-T Wait-to-restore-time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 min to 12 min (in 1 min steps) 10.7.5 SNC Path Protection Switching Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1+1 Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VC-12, VC-12-nv (n = 1...46) VC-3, VC-3-2v, VC-4, VC-4-nv (n = 2…8, 16, 64), VC-4-nc (n = 4, 16, 64) Switching mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . unidirectional (single-ended) Operation type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . non-revertive Switching time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . acc. to ITU-T Hold-off time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 s to 20 s (configurable in steps of 100 ms) combined for SF and SD 10.7.6 1:N Card Protection of the IFO155M-E (electr. 155Mbps/STM-1 Card Protection) Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:N with N <= 3 Operation type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . revertive Switching time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . acc. to ITU-T Hold-off time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . none Switching criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Card Failure A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 121 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10.7.7 RPR Protection Switching criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SDH path failure on the RPR span Maximum ring nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Maximum span between nodes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 Switching time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . acc. to ITU-T Hold-off time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . configurable to support other protections (MSP/BSHR, SNCP) similar to the one defined in ITU-T G.841 Wait-to-restore time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . configurable 10.7.8 Optical Interface Card Protection Switching time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . acc. to ITU-T Switching criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . card missing, power fail, self-test fail, local controller failure, mismatch between HW version and loaded APS 10.7.9 1:N Card Protection of the IF2M (PDH Card Protection) Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:N with N ≤ 4 Operation type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . revertive Switching time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . acc. to ITU-T Hold-off time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . none Wait-to-restore time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . covered by card-startup time of the replaced card 10.7.10 1+1 Card Protection of the IF345M (PDH Card Protection) Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1+1 Operation type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . non-revertive Switching time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . acc. To ITU-T Hold-off time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . None 10.7.11 Card Protection of HO Switch Fabric Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1+1 Operation type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . non-revertive Switching time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . acc. to ITU-T Switching criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Card Failure 122 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10.7.12 Card Protection of LO Switch Fabric Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1+1 Operation type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . non-revertive Switching time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . acc. to ITU-T Switching criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Card Failure 10.7.13 Card Protection of CLU Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1+1 Operation type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . non-revertive Switching time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . acc. to ITU-T Switching criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Card Failure 10.8 Power Supply Input DC voltage (acc. to ETS 300 132-2) . . . . . . . . –48 V or –60 V (range –40.0 V to –75 V) Power consumption with maximum equipping Single-row subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1115 W Double-row subrack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1445 W PDH Microshelf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 W Protectionshelf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 W Fan Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 W Typical measured power consumption of cards SF160G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.4 W SF10G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 W SF2G5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.4 W PF2G5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 W IFO155M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 W IFO155M-E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 W IFQ622M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 W IFS2G5(B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 W IFQ2G5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.3 W IFS10G. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 W IFS10G-M. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 W IFS10G-R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 W IFS10G WLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 W IFOFE-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 W IFOFES-E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 W IFQGBE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 W IFQGBE-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 W IF2M_75R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 W IF2M_120R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 W LSU_75R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.15 W A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 123 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 LSU_120R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.15 W IFS40G-MX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.175 W SCOH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 W CLU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 W LNQ622M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 W ESM-Core . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 W IFS10GB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.0 W IFQ2G5B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.0 W IFQGBEB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.5 W IFQGBEB-E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.2 W IFOFE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.0 W IFSOA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 W IFSOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 W IF345M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.21 W 10.9 Environmental Conditions 10.9.1 Climatic Conditions Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ETS 300 019-1-3 Class 3.1e Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ETS 300 019 Class 1.2 Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ETS 300 019 Class 2.3 10.9.2 Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC Electromagnetic compatibility in compliance with . . . EN 300 386-2 V1.3.1 (2001-09); ETS 300 132-2 V2.0.0 (2001-12) Telecom Australia Spec 1555 Part 1, Issue 2 10.10 Dimensions in mm (WxHxD) Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600 x 2200 x 300 Fan unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488 x 43 x 230 Subrack SC (single-row type) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 x 823 x 280 DC (double-row type) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 x 938 x 280 Microshelf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 x 398 x 280 Protectonshelf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500 x 373 x 280 Cards: SF160G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 SF10G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 SF2G5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 PF2G5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFO155M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 124 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 IFO155M-E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFQ622M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFS2G5(B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFQ2G5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFS10G. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFS10G-M. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFS10G-R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFS10G-WLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFOFE-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFOFES-E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFQGBE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IF2M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.5 x 120 x 220 LSU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 x 120 x 220 IFS40G-MX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 x 265 x 220 SCOH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 x 265 x 220 CLU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 LNQ622M. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 ESM-Core . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 120 x 220 IFS10GB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFQ2G5B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFQGBEB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFQGBEB-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFOFE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFSOA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFSOA/PDC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFSOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IFSOB/PDC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 x 265 x 220 IF345M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.5 x 120 x 220 10.11 Weights in kg Rack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Subrack (unequipped) SC (single-row type) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 DC (double-row type) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Microshelf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.44 Protectionshelf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Fan Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Air Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.666 Cards: SF160G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 SF10G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 SF2G5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 PF2G5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.44 IFO155M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 IFO155M-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 IFQ622M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.44 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 125 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 IFS2G5(B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 IFQ2G5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.36 IFS10G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 IFS10G-M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.56 IFS10G-R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.56 IFS10G-WLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.56 IFOFE-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.36 IFOFES-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 IFQGBE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.37 IFQGBE-E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.36 IF2M_75R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.88 IF2M_120R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.88 LSU_75R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.62 LSU_120R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.62 IFS40G-MX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 SCOH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.265 CLU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.7 IFS10GB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.46 IFQ2G5B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.36 IFQGBEB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.36 IFQGBEB-E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.36 IFOFE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.36 IFSOA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 IFSOA/PDC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 IFSOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 IFSOB/PDC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 IF345M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.88 126 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 11 Abbreviations ACO Alarm Cut Off ADMX Add/Drop Multiplexer AIS Alarm Indication Signal (G.782) (G.783) ALS Automatic Laser Shutdown ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode AU Administrative Unit (G.782) (G.783) AU-4 Administrative Unit, Level 4 AUG Administrative Unit Group BSHR Bidirectional Self-Healing Ring Protection BSHR-2 2-fiber Bi-directional Self-Healing Ring Pro- tection BSHR-4 4-fiber Bi-directional Self-Healing Ring Pro- tection CAN Control Area Network (Internal Bus System) CF Card Fail CLU Central Clock Unit (Card) COPA Connector Panel CUG Closed User Group DC Double-Row Subrack DCCM DCC Bytes D4 to D12 (Multiplex Section) DCM Dispersion Compensation Module DEMUX Demultiplexer DWDM Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing ECC Embedded Communication Channel EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility ESD Electrostatic Discharge ESM-Core Microshelf Core Card ETS European Telecommunication Standard ETSI European Telecommunication Standards Institute EXER-R(E) Exercise, Ring for East EXER-R(W) Exercise, Ring for West EXER-S(E) Exercise, Span for East EXER-S(W) Exercise, Span for West F Standardized Interface for the Connection to a Local Craft Terminal FS Forced Switch FS-P Forced Switch to Protection FS-R(E) Forced Switch to Protection, Ring for East FS-R(W) Forced Switch to Protection, Ring for West A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 127 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 FS-S(E) Forced Switch to Protection, Span for East FS-S(W) Forced Switch to Protection, Span for West FTP File Transfer Protocol GFP Generic Frame Procedure GFP-F Generic Frame Procedure, Frame Mapped (ITU-T G.7041) GUI Graphical User Interface GUIMN Graphical User Interface Manual HDB3 High Density Bipolar Code Third Order HDLC High-Level Data Link Control HEC Header Error Control HO High Order (SDH Traffic) HW Hardware IF2M Electrical E1 Interface Card, 63 x 2 Mbit/s IFA10GB Optical STM-64 Card, Single 10 Gbit/s, Card Version IFO155M Optical STM-1 Card, Octuple 155 Mbit/s IFO155M-E Electrical STM-1 Card, Octuple 155 Mbit/s IFOFE Interface Octal Fast Ethernet Optical IFOFE-E Electrical Octuple Fast Ethernet Card VC- 4/VC-3 IFOFES-E Electrical Octuple Fast Ethernet Card VC- 3/VC-12 IFQ2G5 Optical STM-16 Card, Quad 2.5 Gbit/s IFQ2G5B Optical STM-16 Card, Quad 2.5 Gbit/s, Card Version IFQ622M Optical STM-4 Card, Quad 622 Mbit/s IFQGBE Optical Quad Gigabit Ethernet Card IFQGBEB Interface Quad. GBE Optical, VLAN Con- centrator option IFQGBEB-B Interface Quad. GBE Electrical, VLAN Con- centrator option IFQGBE-E Electrical Quad Gigabit Ethernet Card IFS10G Optical STM-64 Card, Single 10 Gbit/s IFS10G-M Optical STM-64/OTU2 Card, Single 10 Gbit/s for Metro WDM IFS10G-R Optical STM-64/OTU2 Card, Single 10 Gbit/s for Regio WDM IFS10G-WLS Optical STM-64/OTU2 Card, Single 10 Gbit/s for WLS WDM IFS2G5 Optical STM-16 Card, Single 2.5 Gbit/s IFS2G5B Optical STM-16 Card, Single 2.5 Gbit/s, SFP IFS40G-MX Optical Multiplexer/Demultiplexer Card, 4 x 128 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 10 Gbit/s to 40 Gbit/s IFSOA Interface Single Optical Amplifier IFSOA/PDC Interface Single Optical Amplifier with dis- persion compensation IFSOB Optical Booster Card IFSOB/PDC Optical Booster Card with dispersion com- pensation IP Interworking Protocol (G.784) ITMN Installation and Test Manual ITU International Telecommunication Union ITU-T Telecommunication Standardization Sector of ITU LCAS Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme LCT Local Craft Terminal LNQ622M PDH Extension Link Card LO Lock-out Protection LO Low Order (SDH Traffic) LOW(R-E) Lockout of Working Channels - Ring Switch for East LOW(R-EW) Lockout of Working Channels - Ring Switch for East and West LOW(R-W) Lockout of Working Channels - Ring Switch for West LOW(S-E) Lockout of Working Channels - Span Switch for East LOW(S-EW) Lockout of Working Channels - Span Switch for East and West LOW(S-W) Lockout of Working Channels - Span Switch for West LP Lockout of Protection LP-S(E) Lockout of Protection, Span for East LP-S(W) Lockout of Protection, Span for West LSU Line Switching Unit (Card) for 2 Mbit/s ports LXC Local Cross Connect MAC Media Access Control (ISO/IEC) MCF Message Communications Function (G.782/783/784) MIB Management Information Base MMC Multimedia card (flash memory card) MSOH Multiplexed Section Overhead, Rows 5-9 of Section Overhead of STM-1 (G.782) (G.783) MSP Multiplex Section Protection MS-R(E) Manual Switch to Protection, Ring for East A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 129 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 MS-R(W) Manual Switch to Protection, Ring for West MS-S(E) Manual Switch to Protection, Span for East MS-S(W) Manual Switch to Protection, Span for West MUX Multiplexer NCT Network Craft Terminal NE Network Element NEAP Network Element Alarm Panel OGL Operator Guidelines OSPF Open Shortest Path First (IP Protocol) OTU2 Optical Channel Transport Unit Level 2 PDF Portable Document Format PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy PF2G5 Packet Switch Fabric Card POS Packet over SONET/SDH PRC Primary Reference Clock Q Standardized Q Interface Q-F Operating Terminal Interface QST Proprietary Q Interface RED Random Early Detect RPR Resilient Packet Ring SC Single-Row Subrack SCOH System Controller and Overhead Processor Card SD Signal Degrade (G.783) SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SEMF Synchronous Equipment Management Function (G.782) (G.783) SETS Synchronous Equipment Timing Source SF Signal Fail (G.783) SF10G Low Order VC-3/VC-12 Switch Card SF160G Central VC-4 Switch Card SF2G5 Low Order VC-3/VC-12 Switch Card SFP Small Form-factor Pluggable (Optical Mod- ules) SL Synchronous Line Equipment SMA Synchronous Multiplexer SNCP Subnetwork Connection Protection SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol SSF Server Signal Fail SSM Synchronization Status Message STAI Station Alarm Interface STM-N Synchronous Transport Module, Level N 130 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 SW Software T0 NE-Internal System Clock Pulse T1 Clock Pulse, Synchronizing from STM-N Port T3 Incoming Clock Pulse, Synchronizing from External 2048 kHz Clock Pulse T4 Outgoing, External Synchronous Clock Pulse 2048 kHz TCP Transmission Control Protocol TDM Time Division Multiplexing TED Technical Description TIF Telemetry Interface TMN Telecommunications Management Network (G.782, G.783, G.784) TMX Terminal Multiplexer TNMS CT TNMS Craft Terminal TNMS Transport Network Management System TU Tributary Unit TUG Tributary Unit Group UBAT Battery Voltage VC Virtual Container VLAN Virtual Local Area Network VPN Virtual Private Network WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing WLS WDM Long-span System A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 131 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 132 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 Information Technical Description (TED) SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 12 Index Symbols L (1+1) path protection switching (SNC/P) 46 Lambda shelf 76 Laser safety shutdown, ALS 36 A Layer 2 functions 27 Add/drop function 19 LCT and NCT mode 57 Alarm box 74 LCT use for control and monitoring 90 B M Bidirectional self healing ring protection switching 42 Mechanical design 80 BSHR protection switching 42 Microshelf 56 BSHR-2 44 Microshelf equipping overview 84 BSHR-4 42 Multiplex structure 29 C N Card descriptions 61 NCT and LCT mode 57 Clock interfaces, technical data 119, 120 NCT use for control and monitoring 92 Clock supply 33 NEAP 73 Closed user groups CUG 28 Network Element Alarm Panel (NEAP) 73 Connection to network management systems 58 Network element applications 15 Control and monitoring Network management system 93 by a network management system 93 by LCT 90 O by NCT 92 Operating terminals, TNMS CT in LCT/NCT mode 57 OSPF 22 D Double-row subrack, equipping overview 83 P Path protection switching, SNCP 46 E PDH Microshelf 56 Engineering order wire 35 Protection switching 37 EOW 35 1+1 MSP 37 Equipping overview 1:N MSP 39, 40 double-row subrack 83 BSHR 42 microshelf 84 BSHR-2 44 single-row subrack 82 BSHR-4 42 Ethernet bridging 28 SNCP 46 Ethernet interfaces 65 Ethernet mapping 31 R Ethernet mapping into HO virtually concatenated Racks 80 containers 31 Retiming of 2 Mbit/s interfaces 70 Ethernet mapping into LO virtually concatenated Ring topologies 21 containers 31 RPR 27 Ethernet mapping into SDH containers 31 RPR protection 28 Extension link card 72 RPR topology 28 External alarm box 74 RPR Traffic Protection 48 F S Fan unit 75 SDH 29 SFP, Small form factor pluggable 63 G Shutdown of the laser, ALS 36 GFP mapping 31 Single-row subrack, equipping overview 82 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618 133 Technical Description (TED) Information SURPASS hiT 7070 3.0 SNCP 46 Squelch tables 42, 45 Squelching 46 Subrack equipping overview double-row 83 single-row 82 Switch fabric 70 Synchronization 33 Synchronization interfaces, technical data 119, 120 Synchronous digital hierarchy, SDH 29 Synchronous Equipment Timing Source, SETS 33 System overview 15 T TCP/IP 22 TDM traffic protection (e.g. MSP, SNCP) 37, 46 Telephone 35 Terminal-to-terminal topologies 18 TIF 35 TIF Interface 35 TIF interface, technical data 119 Traffic interfaces 95 W WDM operation 20 134 A42022-L5957-C51-1-7618