Seal Design Guide

SEAL DESIGN GUIDEWelcome to Apple Rubber Products The Apple Rubber Seal Design Guide was first published in 1989 and fast became more popular and successful than we could have ever hoped, with thousands of copies distributed. So much has happened since our first catalog. In fact, we’re not really sure “catalog” is a fitting name for this new print edition. This new guide reflects the dynamic growth of Apple Rubber Products and our commitment to continually bring you new ideas and technologies in seals and other elastomeric products. This is an updated, consolidated edition that still offers you a comprehensive overview of our products and solutions in an easy-to-follow format. An expanded, interactive version will now be available online for your convenience. Whatever you call it, however you may use it, this book is dedicated to helping you design a successful sealing solution. We hope you turn to it often and we thank you for your confidence in Apple Rubber Products. Sincerely, Steven L. Apple President www.applerubber.com 1.800.828.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.716.684.6560 (International) i Expanded Seal Design Guide Now Available Online We encourage you to visit our expanded online adaptation of the Seal Design Guide. Located at www.applerubber.com, the online version offers exclusive and comprehensive seal content, including all of our standard and non-standard sizes. Let our online tools and calculators help you create the exact sealing solution for your needs. ii www.applerubber.com 1.800.828.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.716.684.6560 (International) Inc.) Seal Types & Gland Design Defines all types of static and dynamic seals and seal glands.) Material Selection Guide Provides comprehensive descriptions of elastomers. pg. pg. 75 . pg.6 3. 89 . Please visit our website for a listing of all available sizes. 54 .) Troubleshooting Presents a number of common reasons for O-ring/seal failure.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.2 2.) Index. 105 .) Glossary of Terms Lists terms commonly used throughout the Seal Design Guide. including ascending AS-568 dash numbers.10 4. pg.97 10. 83 .) Special Elastomer Applications Explains how to use and take advantage of the Seal Design Guide. 60 .Table of Contents 1.716. formulas.) Sizes & How To Order You will find a listing of standard size O-rings.) Critical Operating Environmental Factors Discusses the details of critical environmental factors. Provides information on cross section and inside diameter calculations pg. Bibliography & Trademarks Copyrights© 2009 Apple Rubber Products.104 11. 3 .684.6560 (International) iii .53 5.com 1.115 www. 111 .59 6. pg.110 12.) Products & Services Overview of complete products and services available at Apple Rubber Products.74 pg. pg. 11 .828. Provides a listing of numerous troublesome applications calling for the use of specific O-ring materials.) O-Ring Basics Defines an O-ring and methods of seal squeeze. 98 . Visual Seal Glossary and Engineering Assistance Request (EAR) form. 1 . pg.82 8. All rights reserved. 7 .applerubber. pg.88 9. pg.800. pg.) Introduction 7.) Technical Summary Includes Rules of Thumb summary. notable for color illustrations that let you see an array of sealing products at a glance. The new Apple Rubber Seal Design Guide makes “Seal Thinking™” even more accessible. troubleshooting. This experience has taught us that most successful seal designs are the result of what we call “Seal Thinking™”. We have been very fortunate in the many opportunities we have had to work with dedicated and gifted engineers. If you don’t see what you need here. The Visual Seal Glossary is included in Section 11. Rules of Thumb Put Information at Your Fingertips This new edition includes Apple Rubber’s Rules of Thumb: basic information anyone working with seals should know and understand.800. Apple Rubber’s new edition is organized into 12 sections. In a very real sense. It is the most common and most widely known type of seal in use today.6560 (International) . space limitations made it difficult to fully address a number of our many capabilities such as Liquid Injection Molding (LIM). which is to illustrate the general principles of seal design. but we recommend you at least go over the Rules of Thumb.7745 716. Beyond These Pages The O-Ring Example 2. the O-ring is the FIRST type of seal to be considered. there are so many types and variations of seals that it is impossible to cover them all in this book. critical operating environmental factors. and medical devices.applerubber. as a practical matter. 3.1 Introduction Where To Start The Visual Seal Glossary Every day we are partners in seal design and troubleshooting with engineers in industries as diverse as automotive. We have made this choice for these reasons: In this guide you will find information on basic concepts of O-ring design. don’t hesitate to contact Apple Rubber. In most new designs.6560 • FAX 716.com Website: www. including our complete list of available products and literature. You can start wherever you like. Here’s how: Apple Rubber Products 310 Erie Street • Lancaster. the careful application of sealing concepts that are basic.828. Throughout this guide.684.684. We think you’ll find that a small investment of your time in reading these rules will yield a greater understanding and knowledge of sealing principles. One of the most exciting new features of Apple Rubber’s new edition is a Visual Seal Glossary. a material selection guide.applerubber. Also.800.828. but not obvious or intuitive. and much more. a discussion of the many types of seals would overwhelm our primary purpose. composite seals. seal types and gland design. the O-ring is used as an example in our discussion of seal design principles. which may even spark an idea for your application. It is used in all types of applications and by a broad range of industries. Also. It can help you connect the proper terminology with a variety of sealing devices and related components. Our goal is to offer you the most comprehensive guide in the seal industry today.com 1. 1 How This Book Works As noted.684. NY 14086-9504 1. New features such as “Rules of Thumb” are the product of hundreds of conversations with engineers about what must be emphasized to achieve a successful design. visit us online. 1. ordering procedures.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. computer.716. they are contributors as well. www. custom engineering.8302 email: info@applerubber. These rules are distributed throughout the book and summarized in Section 11.com For more information. O-ring size charts. and complete quality assurance. these comments.applerubber. We also wish to extend sincere appreciation to everyone associated with Apple Rubber who made this book possible – our experienced engineers. sug­gestions. Because no two situations or installations are the same. Associate Editor Kevin Oberholzer.800.com 1. Marketing Director.716.684. Apple Rubber Products reserves the right to change or discontinue specifications at any time without incurring any obligations.com Or write: Mary Chaffee Marketing Director Apple Rubber Products 310 Erie Street Lancaster. our customer service staff. contact Mary Chaffee. Apple Rubber is in a unique position to bring you this new edition. suggestions and recommendations contained in this book are meant to be used as a professional guide only.applerubber. We strongly recom­mend that the seal you select be rigorously tested in the actual application prior to production use. as well as the most up-to-date sealing industry sources such as: Apple Rubber created our first Seal Design Guide and this new edition in great part by listening to our customers. at: Fax: 716. Senior Editor Thomas J. NY 14086-9504 Specifically. customers like you whose needs for better sealing solutions drive what we do. • Elastomeric material suppliers • Technical societies and associations • Technical books. magazines and journals You’ll find a list of these source materials and organizations in the bibliography at the back of this book. and most importantly. The information presented comes from our extensive experience with sealing products since our founding in 1971.com Website: www.828. our technical and manufacturing personnel. and recommendations are necessarily general and should not be relied upon by any pur­chaser without independent verification based on the particular installation or use. www.6560 (International) 2 .1 Acknowledgments Feedback. To give us your feedback. Associate Editor ! Please Note the Following: The applications. Hammer. including: Mary K. Reproduction in whole or in part of this Seal Design Guide without written authorization from Apple Rubber Products in strictly prohibited. our quality control people. thanks go out to our editorial staff.8302 E-mail: [email protected] (US & Canada Only) • +1.684. Please As a leading designer and manufacturer of seals and sealing devices. We welcome your comments and suggestions on this edition so that future issues meet your changing needs. Chaffee. D. give us a call at 1. one part to install. A wide variety of elastomers can be bonded to a variety of filter materials (Teflon® Membrane.6560 (International) .000 sizes of MicrOringTM seals.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.D.. Available in the most popular materials.828. and continually implement new technologies to meet the changing needs of our customers.com.) or cross section (C. Innovative FilterSeals® are custom designed as a combination elastomer and fabric device that operates as both a seal and a filter. This combination makes Apple Rubber an exceptional resource for your sealing solutions. Available in a broad range of sizes from 5" I. down to .039" I.com 1.716. Over 2. to 500" I.one part to purchase instead of two. As always. and in cross sections from .063" to 1". Nylon.7745 or visit our website at www.applerubber. if you don’t see what you need.828.684. the world’s smallest O-ring.). or C. knowledgeable sealing professionals are ready to assist you. large sized bonded O-rings. Dacron. Microminiature composite seals and customengineered microminiature seals also available on special order.D. An overview of our products and services follows. Products O-Rings MacrOring™ Seals The widest size range of O-rings in the seal industry.S.D. Apple Rubber offers the industry’s broadest range of products to meet your seal requirements.008" I.800.applerubber. We also have an unparalleled range of services and capabilities. Experienced. most metrics. from . Available in all common and many special materials and durometers.). MacrOringTM seals are manufactured by proprietary processes for greater strength and tighter tolerances than conventional.D.® etc.S.800. MicrOring™ Seals FilterSeals® The largest selection of microminiature O-rings anywhere. A MicrOringTM seal is any O-ring that measures less than 1 mm in either inside diameter (I. Custom Products 3 www. and a wide variety of non-standard sizes.2 Products and Services The Industry’s Broadest Range of Products and Services As a leading designer and manufacturer of seals and sealing devices. This process provides cost and time savings . including every AS-568 Standard. face seals. Silicone housing (face) seals are generally reusable after disassembly. gaskets.800. 4 . Advanced. unlike RTV gaskets. Available in a durometer range of 20-80 Shore A for virtually any type seal or part including O-rings. they outperform flat gaskets and other gasketing methods.716. Custom shapes and seals are available in a wide variety of materials.2 Custom Products (continued) Composite Seals ExpresSeal® Custom-engineered composite seals incorporating the seal and another component into one part . housing seals. back-up rings. Ideal for a variety of applications. FilterSeals®. including microminiature shapes. and resistance to the damaging effects of sunlight and ozone. piston rings. Custom Molded Shapes Custom designed allrubber shaped seals meet exact specifcations. prototypes and more. bushings.828. Available in a range of hardnesses for plastic or metal housing requirements.applerubber. Housing Seals Superior seals are custom designed to fit specific housings. computerized LSR (Liquid Silicone Rubber) Parts and Seals LSR parts and seals exhibit a wide temperature range (-75°C to 225°C).6560 (International) manufacturing technology produces hydraulic and pneumatic seals in minutes for emergency replacements. connector seals and piston seals. wipers. EMI Shielded O-Rings and Seals Custom designed. and O-rings are also available from inventory. low compression set.increases performance and reduces assembly costs.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. wear rings. and custom shapes. EMI-shielded O-rings and seals for a variety of electronic applications provide an alternative to metallic coatings and other methods. U-cups. bushings. hard-tofind parts. www.com 1.684. Examples include molded inserts. Composite seals include complicated parts such as rubber bonded to metal and plastic. poppets. liquid injection molding.800. new materials and new processes.Products and Services Services Whether you require design engineering assistance. CNC machining. 5 www... Capabilities include concurrent engineering. Comprehensive Manufacturing Technologies We have an unparalleled range of capabilities and fully integrated manufacturing facilities including transfer molding. plastic injection molding.684. expertise in polymer technology and other materials. we are always exploring new designs. electronics. no confusion. and proprietary bonding processes. complete project management. No middlemen. Design Engineering Our engineers have a broad range of experience and knowledge in seal design acquired over more than 25 years of solving problems for diverse industries and applications. computer aided design.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. this is where you’ll find information on all the services Apple Rubber can provide for your sealing solution. and prototyping to drastically reduce development cycle time. no games. compression molding.6560 (International) .applerubber. Customer Service With direct access to Apple Rubber’s knowledgeable sales team.com 1. a fast protoype or a customized quality assurance program... you have the “source” working for you.828. Research & Development It is our obligation to provide the best sealing solutions of tomorrow as well as today. design engineers and QC staff.716. aerospace and automotive. Confronted continually by the challenges of new applications from industries as diverse as medical. applerubber. The scope of our ISO 9001 registration. covers the design and manufacture of sealing components for various applications including aerospace.828.applerubber.7745 716. ISO 9001 Registration Apple Rubber Products earned ISO 9001 Registration from Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Quality Management Systems .com Website: www.6560 • FAX 716. ISO 9001 Registration is testimony to Apple Rubber’s commitment to offering the highest quality seals and sealing devices available.800.2 Prototyping We have the experience and advanced processes to respond quickly to prototype requirements. AS9100B Underwriters Laboratories certifies that Apple Rubber's quality management system meets the requirements of AS 9100B. We can customize a quality program to meet your specific testing requirements.684.6560 (International) 6 .com 1.Aerospace Requirements. � Apple Rubber Products 310 Erie Street • Lancaster. automotive and medical products. NY 14086-9504 1.684.com www. Material and dimensional certifications are available. (UL). helping you to drastically reduce design and development time. Check our website for the most current certification listings and documentation.716.684. AS 9100 incorporates the requirements of ISO 9001 and adds requirements specific to the aerospace industry. and supply documentation with shipments.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.828.8302 E-mail: info@applerubber. Quality Assurance & Testing Apple Rubber’s advanced testing laboratory offers one of the most stringent quality assurance programs in the industry. Apple Rubber actively participates in ongoing certification updates.800. the most comprehensive standard of the ISO 9000 series. Pressure. www. the O-ring’s inside diameter (I. Exception to this rule is a floating seal. At atmospheric pressure. Common Applications Face Axial Seals (C=0) A B D A = Gland Depth B = Groove Width C = Diametrical Clearance A B Piston (Radial) Seal C 2 D = Groove Depth Illustration 3.applerubber. The opposite sides of an O-ring are squeezed between the walls of the cavity or “gland” into which the O-ring is installed. only the resiliency of the compressed O-ring provides the seal.1 in section 5 shows a progressive application of pressure and the effect it has on the seal. so that the O-ring is slightly stretched.D. A stretch greater than 5% is not recommended. This stretch should be between 1%-5% with 2% as the ideal in most applications. durometer (Shore A hardness). an O-ring MUST be deformed to function properly. Rule of Thumb 7 A stretch greater than 5% on the O-ring I.D.716. and material composition. The resulting stress on the O-ring will cause accelerated aging and cross section reduction. are probably failing if visibly distorted. In fact.1 A B Rod (Radial) Seal C/2 Rule of Thumb A Groove Depth is the machined depth into one surface. Inside Diameter To provide an effective seal. However. The Gland Depth is used to calculate seal compression. and DYNAMIC– contained within a moving gland as in a piston or rod seal.1 shows. the O-ring is forced to the low pressure side of the gland. Definition An O-ring is a doughnut-shaped object or torus. Designed to deform. Why an O-Ring Works As Illustration 3. for instance. is not recommended because it can lead to a loss of seal compression due to reduced cross-section. Illustration 5. Metal or plastic parts. These are O-rings that are allowed to sit in grooves freely or “float”. blocking the flow of liquids or gases through the gland’s internal passage. as system pressure activates the seal. a properly designed sealing system incorporates some degree of initial O-ring compression. An O-ring is defined by its dimensions (based on inside [hole] diameter and cross section). These consid­ erations are highlighted throughout this design guide. whereas a Gland Depth consists of the Groove Depth plus clearance.6560 (International) .7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. fitting snugly in the groove.684.3 O-Ring Basics Seal Thinking™ Dimensional Considerations Elastomer seals are unlike any other materials that design engineers confront. But. an O-ring that is not squeezed and stretched in its application is the wrong O-ring.com 1. as well as many other considerations.) must be smaller than the piston groove diameter. the O-ring “flows” to fill the diametrical clearance and blocks any further leakage.800. Illustration 3.1 demonstrates three applications showing the two basic categories of O-rings: STATIC– contained within a non-moving gland as in a face seal.828. These are used in applications where some leakage is allowed and less friction is required. The resulting zero clearance within the gland provides an effective seal. determine the effectiveness of a seal. D. Subtract the BORE tolerance from the BORE DIAMETER 3. as in piston or rod seals. = Groove Diameter % of stretch desired + 1 ( 1% . lower squeeze is recommended to reduce friction. Enter the BORE DIAMETER 2. the cross section is calculated as follows: Rule of Thumb www.220 1. Enter the GROOVE diameter 4.applerubber.S. Dynamic (Moving) Radial Seal Cross Section Calculation Illustration 3. Subtract line 4 from line 2 6. Divide line 5 by 2 7.231 = . careful consideration must be given to the size of the O-ring in relation to the size of the glandular space into which the O-ring is being installed. the Gland Depth must be less than the seal cross section. it is referred to as RADIAL squeeze.05 Depending on % of stretch desired Cross Section When calculating the cross section (C. Subtract line 11 from line 10 for the answer If Groove Diameter = .2 for term definition. Enter O-RING C. it is important for the O-ring cross-section to be greater than the gland height.716. and Illustration 3. it is referred to as AXIAL squeeze.6560 (International) To create Seal Squeeze.) of an O-ring. Enter the MAXIMUM % COMPRESSION 8. you need to consider the size of the gland to be filled as well as the amount of squeeze needed to create a good seal.229 to . Divide line 7 by 100 9.5% ) Example 1. If the squeeze is on the inner and outer surfaces of the O-ring. Illustration 3.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.com 1. Maximum O-Ring CS = Min Bore Diameter .D.2 Referring to Illustration 3.1 demonstrates that in “static” face seals or “dynamic” piston and rod seals. the O-ring is being squeezed slightly within the gland. Subtract line 8 from the number 1 10.D. TOLERANCE 12. = .3 for sample dimensions. calculating the correct O-ring cross section for a specific gland depth is illustrated to the right. termed “diametrical clearance. The resulting O-ring squeeze prevents leakage by blocking the diametrical gap. In the case of the dynamic piston seal shown. Squeeze may occur in one of two possible ways.” Therefore. Add the GROOVE tolerance to the GROOVE diameter 5.S.684. The actual calculation for the cross section needed in an O-ring varies depending on whether it will be used in a dynamic or static application.828.Max Groove Diameter 2 1- – O-Ring CS Tolerance Maximum % Compression 100 Radial Seal To obtain the correct amount of squeeze for optimum O-ring sealing. 8 .231 Then O-ring I. If the squeeze occurs on the top and bottom surfaces of the O-ring. according to the following formula: Calculation of Maximum O-Ring Cross Section: O-ring I. Divide line 6 by line 9 11. Virtually every gland has a slight gap between the two mating surfaces. as in face seals.3 Calculate the O-ring I.01 to 1.800. In a dynamic situation. 2. Enter the MINIMUM % COMPRESSION Cross Section 8.828. the first step in material selection is to match your application’s chemicals with the O-ring material that offers the best resistance. 60-75.00 to the recommended squeeze. Enter O-RING C.O-Ring Basics Calculation of Minimum O-Ring Cross Section: Static (Non-moving) Axial Seal Calculation 1. In addition. sustained levels.D. temperature ranges.com 1. Add line 11 to line 10 for the answer Minimum O-Ring CS = Max Bore Diameter . www. 4.08mm) Max.1.3. if pressure forces the seal to the outside. Enter the BORE DIAMETER Add the BORE tolerance to the BORE DIAMETER Enter the GROOVE DIAMETER Subtract the GROOVE tolerance from the GROOVE DIAMETER 5. Listed in Section 6. 3.S. Prior to seal purchase. whether from the I.” p. make sure to take into account ALL of the factors discussed below. is determined by the direction of pressure. then the seal should incorporate some interference on the O. You must also consider the length of exposure to any high temperature. key uses. are various elastomers including statements of description. features and limitations. as shown in illustration 4.6560 (International) .Min Groove Diameter 2 1- + O-Ring CS Tolerance Minimum % Compression 100 O-Ring Profile To calculate the cross section of an axial seal. 2. p. Illustration 3. whether it involves short bursts or long. determine the gland depth and then multiply by the maximum and minimum squeeze requirements. The range of temperature experienced during operation is an important factor when considering efficient sealing. Divide line 7 by 100 Inside 9. as shown in illustration 4. If pressure forces the O-ring towards the inside. To do this. a recommended squeeze of 30% would translate to a multiplied factor of 1.003" (.800. refer to the “Chemical Compatibility” table found on our website in Section 6. or the O. close to the groove I. If a material is not shown. noting to add 1.3 Rule of Thumb 9 Temperature . TOLERANCE 12. The O-ring I. page 11.716.D. Divide line 6 by line 9 11. “Material Selection Guide. Material Considerations After you have determined the O-ring size.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. you might want to consider availability and cost (see Section 6. you will then have to select the appropriate O-ring material. Therefore. Chemical Attack A major consideration for O-ring material selection is resistance of specific elastomers to degradation by exposure to certain chemicals. then the O-ring should be designed with the I. Subtract line 8 from the number 1 Diameter 10. Static applications are more tolerant of material and design limitations than dynamic applications.684. Divide line 5 by 2 7.005" (. contact Apple Rubber for availability.D. Inside Diameter Width (Cross Section) . not just the system temperature. 73). page 11. Subtract line 4 from line 2 6. However.13mm) Max.applerubber. For example.D.D. It is particularly important to measure temperature in the immediate O-ring environment.D. com 1. However. both of which are important considerations in dynamic (moving) applications. resulting in possible seal failure.684.” as well as graphed in Section 5. Consideration should be given to the full range of environmental and cost factors. by proper component design which may include lowering the seal durometer or increasing the cross section. This causes swelling. the design must rely solely on the resiliency of the elastomer to retain its original compressive force. Because no two situations or installations are the same. Please refer to Section 6. Pressure The presence of high pressure on an O-ring can jeopardize its ability to seal. “Materials Selection Guide. “Material Selection Guide.the effects of BREAKOUT FRICTION can cause excessively high pressures to develop. These considerations include: size. chemical compatibility. If the system pressure is below 100 psi. enough to “activate” the seal. This pressure can tear portions of the seal that adhered to the gland wall causing seal failure. see the appropriate sections. and the ability to resist pressure. ! Please Note the Following: The applications.applerubber. Often. and recommendations are necessarily general and should not be relied upon by any pur­chaser without independent verification based on the particular installation or use. For correct O-ring design in high pressure situations. there are a number of materials that are appropriate for a particular application. Excessive flash is typically caused by mold separation or inadequate de-flashing.800. sug­gestions. excessive O-ring RUNNING FRICTION can cause heat to build up within the O-ring material itself. For more information on any of these points. and eventually results in seal extrusion and failure. Summary For optimum sealing performance. suggestions and recommendations contained in this book are meant to be used as a professional guide only. For more information. All materials are not available in all hardnesses. For an illustration of this relationship. This classification system is designed to work within a +5 point range. www.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. film-like material that extends beyond the parting line on the ID and OD of a molded part.6560 (International) 10 . Your final selection will usually be a compromise in the sense that you have to balance all of these considerations. the elastomer will not resist compression as much and take a compression “set”. “Extrusion Limit” chart.” for the range on individual elastomers. consult Section 5. see Section 5. and friction. correct O-ring selection is the direct result of a number of design considerations.828. it is classified as low pressure. Over time. temperature. low pressure can be a problem as well. The numerical ratings for hardness run from lower numbered (less than 70) softer materials to higher numbered (greater than 70) harder materials. Because system pressure is not great Rule of Thumb The maximum volume of the O-ring should never surpass the minimum volume of the gland. stretch. However.” Friction There are two types of friction. squeeze. Durometer Durometer (Shore A) is a measurement of the hardness of an elastomeric compound.716. see Section 5. “Critical Operating Environmental Factors. In continuously moving applications. ALL of these points of O-ring design are covered in detail within the sections of this Design Guide. We strongly recom­mend that the seal you select be rigorously tested in the actual application prior to production use.3 The temperature ranges for various O-ring materials are listed in Section 6. noting that fluorocarbon has a base rating of 75. When part movement is intermittent. these comments. Flash Flash is a thin. maximum seal utility is achieved. which causes more heat to develop. = O-Ring Mean O. rotating.D. + 1% UP TO .2) so the O-ring is already where it needs to be as a result of the pressure.1 & Illustration 4. depending upon the direction in which squeeze is applied to the O-ring’s cross section. In situations involving reciprocating. When used as a face seal involving either internal or external pressure. Since there is no extrusion gap. Illustration 4. . StatIC aXIal SealS A static axial seal acts similar to a gasket in that it is squeezed on both the top and bottom of the O-ring’s cross section.1% UP TO . there are fewer design steps and you can control the tolerances easier. 18-29.828.4 Seal Types & Gland Design Major Classifications Internal Pressure All O-ring seal applications are categorized in terms of relative motion.D.6560 (International) . = O-Ring Mean I. = O-Ring Mean I. Static axial seals tend to be easier to design than static radial seals. the O-ring should always be seated against the low pressure side of the groove (as shown in Illustration 4.060 Illustration 4. or oscillating motion relative to the seal.D. This type of seal is typically employed in the face (flange) type applications. = O-Ring Mean I. External Pressure X P P Static Axial Seal Gland Dimensions: Table B.716.684. depicted in Illustration 4. p. Y Static Seal Types Static seals are categorized as either AXIAL or RADIAL. the O-ring application is STATIc.D. In situations involving little or no motion relative to the seal.1.1 P Y Min.060 Y Max. X Max.800.2 11 www.applerubber.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. X Min.com 1. the O-ring application is DYnAMIc. lists SAE recommended dimensions for static axial seal glands by ascending AS-568 O-ring numbers. 30-41. the O-ring is completely confined and pressure deformed (crushed) within a triangular gland made by machining a 45° angle on the male cover.StatIC RaDIal SealS Static Radial Seals are squeezed between the inner and outer surfaces of the O-ring. it is recommended that the O-ring volume does not exceed 95% of the gland void.5. p.4 StatIC SealS WItH DoVetaIl GlaNDS O-rings are sometimes employed in static or slow moving dynamic situations calling for specially machined “dovetail” glands.applerubber. crush seals are used in such simple applications as the one depicted in Illustration 4.3 Valve Movement StatIC CRUSH SealS In crush seal applications.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.4. p. controlling the tolerances in these glands may be difficult. For higher pressure requirements reference Section 5. as depicted in Illustration 4. lists SAE recommended dimensions for static crush seal glands by ascending AS-568 numbers.6560 (International) O-Ring For a static crush seal application.684.1 or contact Apple Rubber for technical assistance.5 Rule of thumb www.com 1. Because of the angles involved. Dovetail Gland O-Ring Illustration 4. Note: Recommended dimensions for static radial seal glands listed in Table c are based on an application pressure limit of 1500 psi. Squeezed at an angle to the O-ring’s axis. Illustration 5.3. A typical valve seat application is shown in Illustration 4. 12 . lists SAE recommended dimensions for static radial seal glands by ascending AS-568 numbers. Static Crush Seal 4 45˚ Static Radial Seal Gland Dimensions: Table c. The purpose of these glands is to securely hold the O-ring in place during machine operation and/or maintenance disassembly.716. Radial Seal Illustration 4.828. They are typically employed in cap and plug type applications. 42. Static Crush Seal Gland Dimensions: Table D. Illustration 4.800. desired temperature range. reciprocating applications.Seal Types & Gland Design In this application. As required. lists SAE recommended dimensions for dovetail glands by ascending AS-568 numbers. therefore. To avoid tearing or nicking. it is recommended that you specify a seal compound that exceeds. Control Over Pressure Shocks: With sudden stopping and holding of heavy loads. careful consideration of the following factors is required: Compound Selection for Thermal Cycling: Thermal cycling from high (100°F and above) to low (-65°F and below) temperatures may cause O-rings to take a compression set at elevated temperatures and fail to rebound enough at low temperatures to provide a leak-proof seal. Nibbling and premature wear and seal failure will result. Such factors include seal swell in fluids. surface finish of hardware components.716. p. rotating or oscillating motion. Dynamic seal performance may be substantially affected by a number of operating environmental factors. mechanical brakes or pressure relief valves may have to be built into the hydraulic system. hydraulic components can create system pressures far in excess of seal extrusion resistance capabilities. it is important to consider ALL of them in dynamic sealing situations.6. when extreme operating thermal cycles are anticipated. Reciprocating Seals Piston Seal Bore Diameter Piston Diameter Piston Groove Diameter Illustration 4. These seals constitute the predominant dynamic application for O-rings. lubrication.6 13 Bore Diameter Rod Seal Rod Diameter Rule of thumb For reciprocating seals – passing O-rings over ports is not recommended. pressure shocks should be anticipated and effectively dealt with in both seal selection and system design.com 1. In discussions of individual dynamic seal types. For optimum performance of reciprocating seals.applerubber. Therefore. O-ring squeeze. as depicted in Illustration 4.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. Dynamic Seal Types This classification of seals is used in situations involving reciprocating. Such O-ring leaks are especially prone to occur in low pressure. this type of seal application should only be used when necessary. To prevent extrusion and eventual O-ring failure. More detailed information on “critical Operating Environmental Factors” is found in Section 5. system pressure. mention will be made of the most critical operating environmental factors to consider. O-ring stretch. Since many of these factors are interrelated. ReCIPRoCatIING SealS Reciprocating seals. O-ring squeeze is primarily axial in direction (valve operation exerts force on top and bottom seal surfaces). Dovetail Gland Dimensions: Table E.800.828. thermal cycling.684. 42. rather than merely meets. the use of O-ring lubrication is recommended while installing the O-ring into the dovetail gland. compression set. and friction. and resilience needs. are used in situations involving a moving piston and a rod. www. Because of the difficulty in creating the groove and tight tolerances required.6560 (International) . 17. of the O-ring. of an O-ring is stretched.7. see Illustration 5. Rotary Seal Gland Dimensions: Table G. % Stretch Groove Diameter -1 • 100 O-Ring ID Rotary Seals As shown in Illustration 4. The use of back-up rings or increased seal durometer may also be necessary to prevent O-ring extrusion. 48-63. Squeeze: In most rotational shaft applications. O-ring stretch.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. Lower squeeze than that shown in Table A will reduce friction. in light contact with the turning shaft.D. faster seal wear.D. Illustration 4.com 1. stretch must be eliminated by using shaft diameters no larger than the free state (relaxed) I. and shaft and glandular machining. lists the recommended dimensions for rotary seal glands.D. This contraction of an elastomer due to increased temperature is known as the Joule effect. The closer the application is to room temperature. 14 .002" by using an O-ring with an O. p. but at a cost of possible leakage in low pressure situations.D. Greater squeeze than that shown will increase friction and sealing capability. In such instances. the O-ring’s cross section is reduced. Shaft seals for rotary or oscillating applications should be designed with no stretch over the shaft. Once installed. Squeeze: Application Temperature Limits: Listed in Table A. Rotary Seal O-Ring 4 Frictional Heat Buildup: As the generation of frictional heat is inevitable with rotary seal applications. under “Gland Design” at the end of this section are the recommended squeeze values for O-rings employed in reciprocating applications.D. p. I.716. When an elastomer is stressed in tension and the temperature is increased. but at a cost of difficult assembly.6560 (International) The closer the application is to room temperature. or higher than +250°F. and the increased potential for spiral failure.800. Internally lubricated compounds are typically used for rotary applications.828. frictional heat buildup.D.applerubber. O-rings may be used as seals for rotating shafts. it is suggested that O-rings be composed of compounds featuring maximum heat resistance and minimum friction generating properties. be sure to consider that the O-ring’s reduced cross section maintains the correct percentage of seal squeeze. squeeze. the longer the O-ring can be expected to effectively seal.7 Rule of Thumb www.684. Stretch: In this application. peripheral compression puts the O-ring’s I. This design minimizes frictional heat buildup and prolongs seal life. Stretch: When the I. of about 5% larger than the accompanying gland. The percentage of stretch should not exceed 5% in most applications.1 in Section 5 of this guide. of the O-ring. O-ring squeeze should be kept to as little as 0. with the turning shaft protruding through the I. Rotary shaft seals are not recommended for applications with operating temperatures lower than -40°F. The most important factors to consider in designing rotary seal glands are application temperature limits. the longer an O-ring can be expected to effectively seal. For more information on the effects of pressure. it contracts instead of expands which increases the heat and additional contracting until seal failure. however. S Illustration 4.com 1. should generally not be used for dynamic applications. as well as machining for optimum surface finish.Seal Types & Gland Design oSCIllatING SealS Surface Finishes Oscillating Seal Gland Dimensions: Oscillating Seals Surface finishes as rough as 64 to 128 micro-inches RMS can be tolerated. Illustration 4.6560 (International) . caution should be used. because it provides many small pockets in the metal for entrapment of lubricants. Rule of thumb 15 Avoid using graphite-loaded compounds with stainless steel. such as aluminum or brass. it is recommended that shaft surfaces be finished to 16 RMS (for smooth.10 www.005" to avoid unnecessary cutting or nicking of O-rings during assembly and operation.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.8 Machining Rotary Seals To preclude premature wear and seal failure. glandular grooves are best. Additionally. The best surfaces are honed. A shot-peened or electro-polished surface is ideal. the metal surfaces which contact O-rings during installation and system operation must be properly prepared. and in contact with the I.684. with graphite-containing compounds as they tend to pit stainless steel alloys.716. rectangular. of the seal.) Static Gland Detail Surface finish: S 32 for liquids 16 for vacuum and gases Finishes are RMS values S 63 Oscillating seal gland dimensions are the same as those used for reciprocating applications (see Table F).) Dynamic Gland Detail Finishes are RMS values 32 16 32 To prevent O-ring extrusion or nibbling. 5° sloping sides are acceptable and easier to machine.0005" TIR.828.D. however. Softer metallic surfaces. 0o to 5o (Typ. the shaft moves in an arc within the gland. a finish of 32 microinches RMS is preferred. For pressures up to 1. straight-sided. Because there is a tendency for the shaft to twist. Shaft composition should be of a relatively hard metal and be within 0. Preparation consists of appropriate selection of materials. StatIC GlaNDS 63 In an oscillating O-ring application. burnished or hard chrome plated.500 psi. 0o to 5o (Typ. Break all sharp corners by at least 0.800.applerubber. The most desirable metal surface roughness value for dynamic seal applications is from 10 to 20 micro-inches. with gland surfaces finished to a rougher 32 RMS (to discourage O-ring movement within the gland). 32 Illustration 4. self-lubricated O-rings with a hardness of 80 to 90 durometer are most often employed. as they tend to pit the stainless steel surface over time. non-abrasive running).9 DyNaMIC GlaNDS Reciprocating Seals A highly polished surface is not desirable because it will not hold lubricant. com 1. make certain to remove any twists. turning. suggestions and recommendations contained in this book are meant to be used as a professional guide only. Rule of Thumb ! Before installation.800. Note: The tables that follow represent a compilation of data from various sources to aid in the design of an effective seal.applerubber. In all cases of O-ring installation. then cleaned with a LINT-FREE cloth. www. be sure to stretch it uniformly. are often used to assist in these installations. rotating. make sure that ALL glandular surfaces are free of all debris. but excessive twisting should again be avoided. Once the O-ring has been installed. as well as compatible with system chemicals. Because no two situations or installations are the same. DO NOT TURN OR TWIST PISTONS INTO CYLINDERS AS THIS MAY BUNCH OR CUT O-RINGS! In installations where the O-ring must pass over threads or other sharp edges. 4 Before installation. clean these surfaces with an appropriate solvent THAT IS COMPATIBLE WITH THE O-RING BEING INSTALLED. push it straight in. In piston applications. including fingernails.6560 (International) 16 .O-Ring Installation An O-ring may be easily damaged by improper handling and may fail for this reason alone. Because each sealing application is unique. Prior to O-ring installation. with more specific design criteria on the following pages. or mandrels. Cones.716. If necessary. as well as with system chemicals. sug­gestions. try to avoid excessive twisting. When the piston is pushed into the cylinder. Please Note the Following: The applications. cover these edges with tape or a plastic thimble prior to O-ring installation. As necessary.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. and recommendations are necessarily general and should not be relied upon by any pur­chaser without independent verification based on the particular installation or use. avoid stretching the O-ring more than 100% during installation (stretch should not exceed 5% in the application).684. O-rings may be folded into internal grooves. make sure to lightly coat the O-ring with a lubricant that is compatible with the O-ring material.828. it is recommended that glandular surfaces be washed with hydraulic fluid. make sure to lightly coat the O-ring with a lubricant that is compatible with the O-ring being installed. Also try to avoid O-ring contact with any sharp surfaces. We strongly recom­mend that the seal you select be rigorously tested in the actual application prior to production use. In hydraulic systems. Also. or oscillating of glandular components relative to the O-ring. the presented data should be referred to as a proper initial step. these comments. 063 .016 .103 .005-.056 Squeeze Axial % Inches 22-41 19-39 19-37 17-34 18-33 18-32 14-25 14-23 14-21 13-20 .008/.030 .045 .008 O-Ring Gland Design For Static Seals Gland Depth O-Ring Cross Section Radial Axial †.165 .084 .018 .018 .008 .039 .019 .057 .060 .060 .017/.828.033 .280 .150 .021 .008 .035-.007 .684.Seal Types & Gland Design Face Axial Seals (C=0) One general guideline for good O-ring application and design is to maintain a range of % sqeeze on the O-ring (~10-40% for static and no more than 30% for dynamic). ±.301 .005-.090 .applerubber.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.004 .208 .205-.002 .428 .019-.182 .055/.045 . A B D A A = Gland Depth B = Groove Width C = Diametrical Clearance B C 2 D = Groove Depth Finally.108 .100-.090 . www.003 .235 .004 .009 .006 .375 – – – .012/.005 Diametrical Clearance Max.031 .004 .031/.023 .005-.007-.014 .285 .249 . See Section 5 for more detail on determining the allowable clearance gap.042-.039/.003 .004 .110-.5-15 10.005-.007 .030 .007-.014 .014-.010/.050 .11 Rod (Radial) Seal C/2 O-Ring Gland Design For Dynamic Seals Table A Piston (Radial) Seal Note: Table A contains general sealing guidelines.002 .005-.103 .012-.003 .030 .008 .0015 .080-.240 .004/. .012 .020 .021 .013 .073 .006 .150 .030 .050 .035 .047 11-28 13-26 14-25 15-25 10-18 9-17 8.008-.350 – – – – – .008 .040-.070 .075 .022 .049 .004 .244 .0015 .435 – – – – – .013-.015 .185 .004 .208 .034-.002 .024 .042-.009 .183/.016 .014 .716.038 .002) be requested. No less than 75% of the seal cross-section should be contained within the groove to ensure the seal does not “roll” or extrude out of the groove.296 .170-.275 †Note: It 17 Radial Inches .004-.006/.020 .005-. No Backup Rings One Backup Ring Two Backup Rings Groove Radius Eccentricity Max.005-.005-. A B Illustration 4.215 . be sure to consider the void/volume relationship in worse case tolerance conditions.095 .006 .004 .222 .034-.187 .123 .005-.075-.019 .019-.016 .040 .030 .005-.005-.008 .076 % 22-41 19-39 19-37 19-36 19-33 19-33 19-29 20-30 20-28 20-27 Groove Width.049-.005 Dia- metrical No One Two EccenClearance Backup Backup Backup Groove tricity Max.com 1.086 .047 .009-. ±. O-Ring Cross Section .210 .029-.047/.005-.054-.029/.002 .060 .116 .054 .210 . More specific information is available throughout this guide.050 .105 .155-.050 .008 .440 – – – .146 .027-.020-.027-.005-.003 . The groove width may be increased to provide additional void.006 .024 .6560 (International) .195 . The maximum O-ring volume should not exceed 90% of the minimum gland void.033 .043 .046 .002 .060 .040 .423 .050-.010-.002 .005-.027-.060 .055 .234/.188 .002 .011-.005 .020-.005-.013 .579 .006 .145 .070 .005 .004 .005-.081 .139 .013-.004 .010/.333 .005-.060 .217 .015 .008 is recommended that an O-ring with tighter CS tolerance (±.022 .574 – – .006 .800.002 .5-17 Groove Width.013-.275 Squeeze Inches % Gland Depth .041 .004-.176 .005-.087/.020 .338 .139 . Rings Ring Rings Radius Max .026 .225-.119/.002 .032 . 241 ** .489 ± .005 .828. ± Tol.049 -018 . **O-Ring seal sizes not listed are not recommended for axial seals because the seal ID after installation becomes too small for practical use.125 .869 .994 .010 1.348 ** . (ref) Internal Pressure External Pressure Diameter A Diameter B +.999 .551 ± .566 .D.049 -009 .125 .061 .431 .364 ± .com 1.009 .213 .125 .049 -022 .049 -010 .009 1.049 -006 .186 1.049 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.176 ± .499 .005 .208 ± .005 .049 -015 .749 .075 .801 ± .239 ± .426 ± .D.005 .379 ** .125 .301 ± . W.676 ± .009 .005 .005 Tolerance Groove Width Gland Depth G H +.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.125 .049 -005 . O.941 .806 .306 .494 .681 .556 .684.926 ± .244 .436 .739 ± .125 .000 +.936 .125 .101 ± .129 1.005 -.005 .614 ± .119 125 .125 .125 .A G H 0 to 5 (Typ.6560 (International) 18 .066 1.124 .114 ± .009 1.) o Internal Pressure S B G 63 63 Static Gland Detail Surface finish: S 32 for liquids 16 for vacuum and gases Finishes are RMS values o 4 S External Pressure Table B Static Axial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number I.070 ± .003 .000 -.004 .145 ± .561 .056 .005 .210 ** .125 .010 -.125 .005 . ± Tol.049 -020 .049 -017 .864 ± .125 .125 .070 ± .049 -016 .000 -004 .624 .005 -.000 +.125 .049 -013 .005 .800. www.007 .716.125 .754 .150 .051 ± .686 .009 1.316 ** .049 -012 .181 .874 .369 .009 .009 .441 .285 ** .049 -014 .619 .691 .629 .191 1.125 .005 .811 .125 .989 ± .504 .879 .106 .049 -023 1.applerubber.005 .049 -007 .049 -019 .125 .254 ** .744 .049 -008 .816 .049 -011 .125 .049 -021 .931 . 049 -033 1.018 2.499 2.125 .049 -049 4.6560 (International) .170 .003 0.125 .311 1.244 .239 ± .170 .624 1.086 .254 1.614 ± .075 -104 .125 .744 .049 -045 3.374 1.441 1.129 2.125 .124 4.176 ± .494 .244 .011 1.504 2.499 1.049 -030 1.027 3.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.D. (ref) Tolerance Internal Pressure External Pressure Diameter A Diameter B +.018 2.004 1.103 ± .874 4. ± Tol.828.125 .874 1.049 -048 4.879 2.624 4.011 1.125 .364 ± .037 5.applerubber.005 0.000 +.989 ± .125 .020 2.010 -.489 ± .117 .030 4.114 ± .049 -050 5.999 1.Seal Types & Gland Design Table B Static Axial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number I.244 .125 .989 ± .624 3.049 -102 . 19 www.869 .754 2.125 .com 1.129 5.994 .369 .024 3.379 3.879 1.049 -041 2.119 .005 Groove Width Gland Depth G H +.075 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.119 .004 2.015 1.864 ± .018 2.316 1.874 3.049 -035 2.125 .049 -044 3.070 ± .049 ± .494 .739 ± .318 ** .869 .306 .629 4.614 ± .030 4.744 .368 .049 -027 1.739 ± .239 ± .624 2.244 .125 .037 5.000 -024 1.003 1.125 .374 3.994 .125 .054 .364 ± .287 ** .379 1.015 2.129 4.629 1.994 .049 -042 3.879 4.125 .125 .684.739 ± .489 ± .124 3.049 -038 2.374 4.030 4.010 .619 .125 .018 2.254 2.114 ± .874 2.739 ± . O.075 -103 .301 ± .125 .024 3.181 .255 ** .125 .125 .249 1.124 2.049 -029 1.749 1.629 3.999 2.049 -040 2.011 1.374 2.494 .049 -043 3. ± Tol.020 3.125 .374 5.013 1.013 1.049 -047 4.239 ± .994 .024 3.049 -028 1.989 ± .000 -.125 .018 2.749 2.013 1.489 ± .244 .239 ± .027 4.504 1.379 2.494 .125 .049 -046 4.379 4.005 .112 ± .716.864 ± .379 5.049 -039 2.125 .081 ± .879 3.049 -032 1.125 .436 1.049 -026 1.989 ± .629 2.170 .005 -.049 -034 2.125 .005 -.619 .124 1.754 1.049 -025 1.049 -037 2.249 2.D.239 ± . W.129 3.049 -036 2. **O-Ring seal sizes not listed are not recommended for axial seals because the seal ID after installation becomes too small for practical use.049 -031 1.800.125 .744 .125 .020 2.489 ± .000 +.744 .005 0. 367 .075 -119 .7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.862 ± .813 1.625 1.075 -131 1.003 0. ± Tol.170 .143 ± .170 .005 .075 -127 1.554 .005 0.938 1.170 .304 .015 2.075 -126 1.170 .170 .170 .170 .075 -111 .075 -110 .170 .015 1.549 ± .867 .063 1.237 ± .170 .299 ± .170 .362 ± .010 1.005 0.170 .005 Tolerance Groove Width Gland Depth G H +.211 .170 .684.612 ± .170 .075 -134 1.170 .880 .929 .438 1.612 ± .424 ± .193 1.049 ± .075 -109 .applerubber.170 .170 .012 1.005 0.674 ± .) Internal Pressure S B S Table B External Pressure Static Axial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number G 63 63 Static Gland Detail Surface finish: S 32 for liquids 16 for vacuum and gases Finishes are RMS values I. www.075 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.005 0.688 1.005 0.679 .010 1. W.443 1.170 .862 ± . O.505 1.875 1.075 -116 .380 1.009 0.005 -.429 . **O-Ring seal sizes not listed are not recommended for axial seals because the seal ID after installation becomes too small for practical use.750 .318 1.170 .010 -.188 .103 ± .992 .549 ± .617 .412 ** .755 .255 1.170 .429 .075 -133 1.6560 (International) 4 20 .010 1.170 .492 .880 1.568 1.380 ** .362 ± .800.693 .012 1.075 -120 .075 -112 .250 1.117 .813 .075 -122 1.818 .206 ± .799 ± . ± Tol.299 ± .075 -118 .125 .679 .009 0.010 1.554 .112 ± .148 .075 -121 1.443 ** .D.075 -117 .075 -115 .867 .075 -128 1.674 ± .075 -114 .563 1.075 -113 .487 ± .075 -123 1.005 1.075 -106 .068 1.000 -105 .492 .000 +.875 .075 -108 .com 1.005 -.015 2.943 1.617 .242 .750 1.005 0.000 -.818 1.938 .563 .015 1.054 .987 ± .D.693 1.170 .010 1.304 .012 1.015 1.742 .075 -107 .237 ± .630 .000 1.688 .755 1.313 1.170 .799 ± .487 ± .505 ** .170 .170 .737 ± .063 .170 .075 -129 1.015 1.174 ± .075 -132 1.005 0.010 1.630 1.367 .A G H 0o to 5o (Typ.179 .349 ** .924 ± .075 -125 1.804 .075 -124 1.075 -130 1.568 .170 .500 1.179 .716.943 .012 1.424 ± .742 .737 ± .174 ± .000 .375 1.804 .012 1.170 .828.005 2.170 .130 1.009 0.005 0.012 1.242 .170 . (ref) Internal Pressure External Pressure Diameter A Diameter B +.625 .068 2.000 +.170 . 938 5.170 .170 .242 .438 2.492 .028 3.003 2.251 2.131 2.075 -163 5.017 2.487 ± .188 3.024 3.818 2.688 2.305 .992 .688 5.563 2.555 .075 -148 2.242 . ± Tol.075 -136 1.175 ± .035 6.438 6. (ref) Tolerance Internal Pressure External Pressure Diameter A Diameter B +.170 .075 -138 2.716.188 2.075 -149 2.com 1.075 -151 2.075 -152 3.443 4.020 2.075 -141 2.170 .938 3.443 6.170 .193 3.075 -142 2.188 4.112 ± .170 .930 .992 .006 3.022 2.170 .017 2.075 -150 2.075 -153 3.684.103 ± .737 ± .017 .800.170 .028 4.022 2.992 .D.992 .075 -137 2.867 .367 .193 2.443 5.022 3.170 .430 .170 .487 ± .001 2.675 ± .075 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.742 .680 .492 .742 .876 2.050 ± .943 2.020 2.000 -135 1.055 .925 ± .612 ± .300 ± .020 2.188 1. O.068 3.742 .D.075 -159 4.318 2.443 2.075 -158 4.756 2.938 2.188 5.005 -.170 .237 ± .024 3.376 2.492 .693 2.170 .813 2.035 5.170 .020 2.035 5.362 ± .550 ± .742 .075 -154 3.170 .180 .828.693 5.075 -139 2.862 ± .020 2.170 .170 .688 4.237 ± .800 ± .075 -156 4.737 ± .751 2.075 -160 5.987 ± .075 -147 2.126 1.617 . ± Tol.688 3.170 .943 5.943 4.381 2.237 ± .438 4.242 .030 4.010 -.075 -161 5.193 5.075 -155 3.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.193 6.237 ± .022 3.035 5.425 ± .992 .506 2.943 3.693 3.170 .075 -143 2.487 ± .626 2.170 .063 2.075 -164 6.693 4.987 ± .987 ± .492 .075 -146 2.040 6.030 4.193 4.987 ± .075 -144 2.000 -.443 3.170 .501 2.170 .000 +.881 2.Seal Types & Gland Design Table B Static Axial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number I.938 4.117 .805 .170 .170 .170 .075 -157 4.170 .170 .256 2.631 2.313 2.170 .170 .017 2.075 -140 2.237 ± .024 3.005 Groove Width Gland Depth G H +. **O-Ring seal sizes not listed are not recommended for axial seals because the seal ID after installation becomes too small for practical use.438 3.737 ± .987 ± . W.170 .applerubber.170 .005 -.438 5.075 -162 5.075 -145 2.242 .020 2.568 2.030 4.017 2.035 5.242 . 21 www.6560 (International) .017 2.000 +.487 ± .737 ± . 382 1.107 -215 1.824 .010 1.000 +.045 8. www.170 .176 . W.005 0.199 1.921 ± .170 .492 .688 9.693 9.075 -171 7.170 .943 7.987 ± .887 .075 -173 8.075 -175 8.010 1.005 0.193 7.000 +.075 -178 9.193 9.107 -206 .075 -169 7.210 .170 .693 6.757 .005 0.075 -201 .210 .055 9.637 ** .987 ± .944 .075 -177 9.074 1.050 9.107 -216 1.210 .737 ± .010 1.943 9.800.671 ± .188 7.546 ± .7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.000 -.170 .075 -167 6.107 -213 . ± Tol.010 -.551 .045 7.107 -211 .943 8.075 -168 7.796 ± . ± Tol.210 .005 0.938 7.210 .801 .819 .193 8.676 .010 1.012 1.296 ± .075 -174 8.107 -202 .188 8.004 0.055 9.075 -170 7.107 -214 .170 .688 7.492 .688 8.438 9.A G H 0o to 5o (Typ.210 .882 .443 8.003 6.939 9.050 8.137 1.210 .005 Tolerance Groove Width Gland Depth G H +.210 .943 6.170 .237 ± .046 ± .139 ± .012 1.324 1.859 ± .992 .716.107 -212 .742 .069 .050 8.005 0.210 .107 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.739 .132 .109 ± .438 8.040 7.075 -172 8. O.188 6.009 0.992 .737 ± .114 .D.864 .210 .107 -208 .170 .992 .051 .828.170 .742 .com 1.210 .762 .443 7.742 .492 .005 .737 ± .040 6.045 7.applerubber.938 6.684.007 0.484 ± .194 .210 .005 -.242 .421 ± .438 7.107 -205 .045 7.107 -203 .487 ± .262 1.926 .489 .938 8.734 ± .107 -210 .237 ± .107 -204 .170 .443 9.170 .319 1.107 -209 . (ref) Internal Pressure External Pressure Diameter A Diameter B +.107 -207 .170 .949 .301 .984 ± .6560 (International) 4 22 .055 9.487 ± .010 1.989 .699 .075 -176 9.010 1.359 ± .487 ± .) Internal Pressure S B S Table B External Pressure Static Axial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number G 63 63 Static Gland Detail Surface finish: S 32 for liquids 16 for vacuum and gases Finishes are RMS values I.426 .257 .614 .040 .688 6.364 .000 -165 6.492 .007 .009 0.103 ± .512 ** .171 ± .005 -.D.237 ± .242 .210 .449 ** .075 -166 6.387 1.170 .242 .210 .234 ± .987 ± .210 .170 .574 ** .742 .210 . **O-Ring seal sizes not listed are not recommended for axial seals because the seal ID after installation becomes too small for practical use.694 .239 .737 ± .693 7.693 8.050 8.487 ± .609 ± . ± Tol.028 3.989 .012 2.210 .107 -234 2.828.012 1.484 ± .382 3.632 3.734 ± .762 1.210 .507 4.D.210 .382 4.364 .739 .694 1.449 1.210 .007 2.114 .574 1. (ref) Tolerance Internal Pressure External Pressure Diameter A Diameter B +.210 .107 -228 2.107 -220 1.614 .210 .020 2.107 -236 3.107 -231 2.210 . W.107 -246 4.107 -222 1.020 2.107 -240 3.489 .107 -239 3.739 .210 .007 1.864 .028 4.015 1.734 ± .107 -243 4.000 +.210 .137 2.484 ± .364 .024 3.210 .107 -224 1.762 3.234 ± .234 ± .210 .632 4.6560 (International) .296 ± .762 2.609 ± .387 3.569 1.024 3.com 1. O.028 4.887 3.107 -221 1.210 .210 .137 4.512 1.139 ± .024 3.005 -.018 2.028 4.007 3.107 -245 4.107 -226 1.024 3.107 -229 2.609 ± .882 2.114 .637 2.015 1.364 .171 ± .000 +.614 .257 3.359 ± .489 .107 -225 1.859 ± .030 4.020 2.137 3.239 . 23 www.489 .107 -235 3.301 .Seal Types & Gland Design Table B Static Axial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number I.684.887 2.734 ± .262 3.114 .210 .210 .012 .507 1.239 .210 .210 .614 .507 2.637 4.864 .512 2.421 ± .210 .107 -232 2.210 .507 3.107 -218 1.005 -.012 1.444 1.010 -.132 3.020 2.239 .257 1.489 . **O-Ring seal sizes not listed are not recommended for axial seals because the seal ID after installation becomes too small for practical use.757 3.989 .012 1.109 ± .387 2.512 4.210 .176 .107 -219 1.632 1.132 1.012 3.107 -238 3.018 2.109 ± .359 ± .359 ± .859 ± .989 .030 4.632 2.107 -223 1.210 .024 3.210 .107 -230 2.210 .262 2.210 .024 3.210 .000 -.024 3.762 4.005 Groove Width Gland Depth G H +.030 4.359 ± .012 4.018 2.210 .859 ± .107 -244 4.426 .257 2.210 .028 4.015 2.applerubber.864 . ± Tol.484 ± .210 .132 2.107 -241 3.107 -233 2.757 1.012 1.D.609 ± .984 ± .739 .234 ± .107 -227 2.210 .262 4.109 ± .984 ± .984 ± .757 2.512 3.387 4.716.637 1.882 1.882 3.699 1.210 .239 .107 -237 3.004 1.364 .887 1.484 ± .000 -217 1.800.107 -242 3.234 ± .382 2.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.757 4.107 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.637 3. 210 .989 .107 -252 5.005 -.757 6.005 -.234 ± .210 .257 8.030 .757 5.107 -273 9.512 5.739 .984 ± .005 Tolerance Groove Width Gland Depth G H +.757 8.107 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.989 .) Internal Pressure S B S Table B External Pressure Static Axial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number G 63 63 Static Gland Detail Surface finish: S 32 for liquids 16 for vacuum and gases Finishes are RMS values I.210 .107 -267 8.489 .757 10.050 9.234 ± .489 .257 9.684.035 6.512 6. ± Tol.859 ± .484 ± .739 .210 .262 11.757 7.734 ± .257 6.210 .107 -275 10.107 -262 6.210 .489 .239 .614 .com 1.035 6.262 9.210 .055 9.107 -272 9.762 7.484 ± .210 .107 -270 8.107 -276 10.257 5.239 .507 7.035 5.210 .210 .210 .739 .609 ± .739 .007 7.040 6.989 .210 .512 7.734 ± .257 7.137 6.210 .762 8.050 8.262 6.055 10.007 8.132 4.012 9.107 -248 4.045 7. **O-Ring seal sizes not listed are not recommended for axial seals because the seal ID after installation becomes too small for practical use.012 6.210 .A G H 0o to 5o (Typ.107 -259 6.6560 (International) 4 24 .489 .050 9.065 11.010 -.734 ± .210 .107 -250 4.864 .489 .139 ± .359 .210 .614 .107 -266 7.107 -258 5.040 7.107 -251 5.734 ± .984 ± .257 4.739 .484 ± .762 6.507 5.234 ± .107 -263 7.762 10.210 .262 5. O.507 9.012 10.989 .262 10.107 -255 5.257 10.D.210 .210 .984 ± .055 10.000 +.107 -260 6.989 .234 ± .716.107 -253 5.762 9.applerubber.507 8.984 ± .107 -268 8.828.210 .359 ± .887 5. www.512 9.637 5. W.864 .109 ± .210 .489 .484 ± .107 -274 9.632 5.882 5.007 4.035 5.107 -249 4.210 .045 7.107 -257 5.734 ± .989 .882 4.210 .107 -254 5.035 6.210 .000 -.262 8.210 .007 6.210 .000 +.609 ± . ± Tol.035 5.859 ± . (ref) Internal Pressure External Pressure Diameter A Diameter B +.035 5.045 8.045 8.055 10.989 .012 8.035 5.984 ± .887 4.262 7.210 .107 -265 7.007 9.800.734 ± .107 -256 5.137 5.107 -271 9.762 5.007 5.757 9.239 .012 5.D.040 6.984 ± .512 8.012 7.234 ± .210 .984 ± .239 .004 4.050 8.210 .484 ± .507 6.239 .107 -269 8.040 7.132 5.484 ± .055 9.114 .210 .030 5.107 -261 6.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.382 5.387 5.000 -247 4.739 .035 5.035 5.107 -264 7. 300 .105 .075 16.107 -280 13.210 . **O-Ring seal sizes not listed are not recommended for axial seals because the seal ID after installation becomes too small for practical use.210 .475 ± .169 -325 1.300 .960 .169 -316 .169 -321 1.080 17.262 12.005 0.169 -322 1.107 -309 .169 -310 .005 -.042 .020 2.890 1.520 1.515 2.645 1.895 .000 -.225 ± .952 .010 1.210 .169 -318 .662 ± .684.012 1.015 2.169 -320 1.707 1.955 ± .009 1.065 14.169 -315 .300 .169 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.730 .018 2.005 -.202 .300 .452 1.390 .855 .145 2.725 ± .984 ± .300 .012 1.300 .257 12.169 -328 1.000 +.169 -330 2.015 2.300 .169 -312 .989 .600 ± .005 Groove Width Gland Depth G H +.210 .169 -317 .107 -281 14.787 ± .975 ± .065 15.139 ± .300 .082 1.167 .065 13.107 -284 17.169 -319 1.applerubber.233 18.667 .300 .515 1.980 .890 . ± Tol.520 2.107 -278 11.169 -311 .800.228 15.169 -313 .757 11.169 -323 1.065 12.287 ± .010 1.855 .300 .475 ± .Seal Types & Gland Design Table B Static Axial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number I.005 .989 .262 14.975 ± .233 16.265 1.210 ± .233 17.640 1.457 1.582 1.270 2.984 ± .300 .018 2.300 .300 . W.395 2.6560 (International) .300 .484 ± .257 11.020 1.730 .300 .850 ± .960 .300 .702 1.480 .010 -.210 .955 ± .762 11.355 .770 1.162 ± .716.210 .210 .262 13.270 1.145 1.327 .169 -329 1.D.955 ± .605 .077 .107 -279 12.169 -327 1.605 .989 .480 .257 14.417 .960 .010 1.085 18. O.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.957 .350 ± .395 1.007 0.005 0.912 ± .107 -282 15.000 -277 11.984 ± .004 11.015 2.169 -326 1.100 ± .000 +.228 16.262 15.009 1.300 .140 1.010 1.332 1.100 ± .412 ± .015 1. ± Tol.265 .228 17.300 .725 ± .169 -314 .257 13.300 . 25 www.010 1.012 1.292 .600 ± .984 ± .828.com 1.140 . (ref) Tolerance Internal Pressure External Pressure Diameter A Diameter B +.792 .300 .980 .105 .015 .012 1.015 1.765 1.390 1.210 .917 .577 1.300 .010 1.169 -324 1.542 .207 1.537 ± .832 ** .300 .107 -283 16.489 .850 ± .D.065 .230 .037 ± .895 1.012 1.989 . 640 3.300 .020 2.395 4.725 ± .980 .A G H 0o to 5o (Typ.037 5.640 4.169 -353 4.645 3.300 .605 .037 6.475 ± .300 .300 .7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.140 4.145 4.230 .) Internal Pressure S B S Table B External Pressure Static Axial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number G 63 63 Static Gland Detail Surface finish: S 32 for liquids 16 for vacuum and gases Finishes are RMS values I.265 2.015 2.030 4.225 ± .230 .024 3.024 3.300 .770 4.230 .850 ± .210 ± .975 ± .600 ± .300 .980 .037 6.018 .105 .100 ± .390 2.D.480 .018 2.300 .855 .005 -.975 ± .169 -351 4.475 ± .169 -355 5.028 4.020 6.169 -339 3.225 ± .770 5.300 .350 ± .300 .300 .300 .480 .645 4.730 . **O-Ring seal sizes not listed are not recommended for axial seals because the seal ID after installation becomes too small for practical use.605 .169 -335 2.300 .140 5.169 -358 5.600 ± .520 4.010 -. W.037 6.395 3.169 -347 4.169 -354 5.828.640 2.169 -352 4.645 5.300 .037 5.270 5.169 -341 3.000 -331 2.350 ± .270 3.716.225 ± .980 .020 3.024 3.225 ± .300 .300 .850 ± .169 -356 5. (ref) Internal Pressure External Pressure Diameter A Diameter B +.005 Tolerance Groove Width Gland Depth G H +.895 5.265 3.475 ± .855 .020 4.300 .000 +.890 5.895 3.169 -343 3.475 ± .169 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.D.169 -344 3.028 4.015 5.030 5.300 .850 ± .730 .300 .300 .169 -348 4.105 .169 -340 3.855 .390 4.605 .850 ± .605 .024 3.169 -332 2.015 4.725 ± .030 5.765 3.390 3.020 3.169 -346 4.com 1.020 5.300 .169 -350 4.765 2.684.100 ± .300 .005 2. ± Tol. O.024 3.895 2.355 .applerubber.030 4.105 .6560 (International) 4 26 .300 .890 4.895 4.169 -359 5.100 ± .030 5.037 5.265 4.300 .000 -.037 5.520 5.765 4.028 4.350 ± .020 3.140 2.770 3.270 4.890 2.300 .230 .169 -336 2.975 ± .515 5.480 .169 -360 5.020 3.725 ± .300 .028 4.005 -.515 3.355 .300 .600 ± .770 2.300 . ± Tol.000 +.765 5.028 4.640 5.355 .520 3.350 ± .169 -345 3.030 4.600 ± .480 .300 .145 5.169 -337 2.300 .145 6.300 .270 6.140 3.169 -342 3.855 .645 2.515 4.355 .145 3.800.169 -334 2.730 .725 ± .169 -349 4.015 3.395 5.890 3.037 5.265 5.730 .169 -338 3.169 -333 2.169 -357 5. www. 169 -386 16.955 ± .640 6.065 11.975 ± .225 ± .890 11.395 14.395 15.300 .300 .640 8.370 20.169 -378 10.005 Groove Width Gland Depth G H +.D.395 7.980 .230 .045 8.225 ± . O.169 -365 6.300 .370 17.169 -379 10.300 .375 20.955 ± .895 11.975 ± .395 9.395 10.210 ± .480 .480 .040 6.895 8.980 .395 6.975 ± .065 13.169 -375 9.169 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.980 .055 9.390 6.169 -377 9.730 .645 8.980 .390 8.055 9.085 18.169 -369 7.955 ± .169 -385 15.725 ± .6560 (International) .300 .225 ± .975 ± .169 -380 11.980 .955 ± .300 .475 ± .395 8.895 9.169 -381 11.300 .169 -382 12.890 6.Seal Types & Gland Design Table B Static Axial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number I.960 .980 .145 8.390 7.716.005 6.375 16.890 8.300 .169 -362 6.300 .730 . ± Tol.390 14.075 16.000 -.890 9.300 .975 ± .040 7.895 7.300 .070 15.230 .370 18.169 -367 7.169 -389 19.395 12.037 .645 9.730 .140 9.169 -371 8.000 +.000 -361 5.055 10.169 -373 8.390 13.475 ± .684.169 -384 14.480 .300 .645 7.300 .375 17.890 10.300 .955 ± .300 .050 9.975 ± .145 7.300 .169 -366 7.045 8.300 .370 16.300 .640 7.applerubber.980 .055 10.005 -.960 .980 .050 8.300 .230 .300 .145 9. (ref) Tolerance Internal Pressure External Pressure Diameter A Diameter B +.480 .140 6.300 .480 .975 ± .390 12.010 -.169 -383 13.828.060 11.070 14.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.300 .095 21.045 7.475 ± .480 . W.225 ± .370 15.045 7.370 19.169 -363 6.390 9.475 ± .D.895 10.300 .895 6.050 9. **O-Ring seal sizes not listed are not recommended for axial seals because the seal ID after installation becomes too small for practical use.169 -370 8.060 10.640 9.300 .725 ± . ± Tol.960 .065 12.050 8.475 ± .975 ± .140 8.390 10.230 .300 .960 .730 .169 -368 7.890 7.090 19.040 6.645 6.375 21.095 20.300 .955 ± .375 18. 27 www.395 11.140 7.005 -.000 +.390 5.040 7.145 10.395 13.725 ± .800.300 .169 -376 9.375 19.169 -372 8.975 ± .300 .960 .169 -388 18.980 .080 17.com 1.169 -374 9.169 -390 20.475 ± .169 -364 6.300 .390 11.975 ± .169 -387 17.980 .300 .725 ± .960 . 900 5.005 -.650 5.355 .475 ± .645 5.980 .370 21.525 9.360 24.033 .520 5.855 .955 ± .230 .037 6.600 ± .025 5.360 25.055 10.355 24.270 6.231 -434 5.940 ± .231 -437 5.169 -394 24.480 .355 .355 .275 7.770 6.applerubber.006 5.270 7.231 -443 7. ± Tol.231 -428 4.231 -431 5.6560 (International) 4 28 .355 23.045 8.525 6.010 -.475 ± .520 8.775 7.037 5.110 24.355 .520 4.520 6. www.005 -.145 4.355 .355 .231 -432 5.025 8. **O-Ring seal sizes not listed are not recommended for axial seals because the seal ID after installation becomes too small for practical use.037 6.375 22.231 -449 9.231 -446 8.037 5.231 -433 5.400 6.025 10.945 .940 ± .040 7.045 8.169 -395 25.525 10.525 5.775 5.605 . (ref) Internal Pressure External Pressure Diameter A Diameter B +.360 26.975 ± .355 22.045 8.055 10.D.775 6.525 8.037 5.020 5.520 7.945 .355 .040 6.020 7.480 .270 5.231 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.980 .231 -441 6.355 . ± Tol.895 5.475 ± .231 -447 8.828.033 5.600 ± .350 ± .355 .230 .275 8.105 23.980 .475 ± .850 ± .7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.225 ± .020 6.169 -393 23.355 .525 7.940 ± .475 ± .145 5.605 .980 .300 .770 5.000 -. O.300 .480 .100 ± .275 ± .275 6.355 .725 ± .355 .231 -448 9.355 .020 4.037 6.725 ± .355 .730 .355 .355 25.033 5.100 .225 ± .980 .037 6.684.231 -427 4.037 6.169 -392 22.300 .960 .210 ± .480 .355 .150 6.005 22.045 7.000 +.040 7.005 Tolerance Groove Width Gland Depth G H +.105 .115 25.716.300 .355 .975 ± .033 5.231 -440 6.975 ± .355 .000 -391 21.355 .355 .231 -435 5.230 .231 -430 5.355 .770 7.945 .800.730 .000 +.975 ± .355 .940 ± .850 ± .400 5.231 -442 7.270 4.395 4.360 23.020 9.025 9.com 1.150 5.A G H 0o to 5o (Typ.231 -436 5.480 .225 ± .475 ± .055 9.231 -439 6.355 .520 9.025 7.055 9.730 .395 5.020 8.300 .480 .980 .037 5.D.231 -429 4.) Internal Pressure S B S Table B External Pressure Static Axial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number G 63 63 Static Gland Detail Surface finish: S 32 for liquids 16 for vacuum and gases Finishes are RMS values I.231 -438 6.169 -425 4.040 7.355 .025 6.730 .725 ± .275 5.231 -445 7.355 .975 ± .355 .855 .945 .725 ± .975 ± .231 -426 4.120 26. W.231 -444 7. 525 13.231 -474 24.684.480 .980 .070 14.010 -.505 16.355 .505 20.020 15.060 12.490 25.500 19.000 18.231 -467 18.120 26.716.485 25.231 -458 14.490 26.955 ± .090 21.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.080 17.480 .945 .960 .355 .355 .105 23.485 22.355 .355 .005 Groove Width Gland Depth G H +.355 .520 10.231 -472 22.005 -.000 16.115 25.355 .505 22.6560 (International) .275 ± .485 23.231 -451 10.231 -459 14.355 .231 -456 13.000 +.500 21.520 12.505 19.475 ± .525 11.525 12. O.075 17.355 .000 +.231 -462 16.490 24.975 ± . (ref) Tolerance Internal Pressure External Pressure Diameter A Diameter B +.005 17.000 17.006 11.505 17.231 -466 18.355 .520 13.231 -468 19.020 10.500 17.025 16.475 ± .231 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.231 -473 23.231 -471 21.960 .975 ± .955 ± .070 15.980 .applerubber.355 . ± Tol.075 16.231 -453 11.231 -465 17.940 ± .975 ± .231 -475 25.085 19.480 .090 19.455 ± .475 ± .025 14.355 .005 18. 29 www.060 11.455 ± .475 ± .945 .980 .520 11.505 21.960 .500 18.231 -469 19.231 -464 17.455 ± .800.500 16.025 12.475 ± .231 -457 13.828.355 .940 ± . In.975 ± .955 ± .945 .000 -450 10. ± Tol.231 -461 15.980 .110 24.090 20.460 .460 .355 .355 .025 11.000 19.500 15.355 .940 ± .480 .955 ± .955 ± .960 .005 20.475 ± .460 .020 14.231 -454 12.960 .480 .090 20.355 .085 18.525 15.355 .060 .980 .060 12. © 1981 Society of Automotive Engineers.505 18.100 22.D.940 ± .231 -463 16.520 14.005 19.960 .975 ± .455 ± .025 15. Reprinted with permission.070 14.355 . **O-Ring seal sizes not listed are not recommended for axial seals because the seal ID after installation becomes too small for practical use. W.355 .070 15.955 ± .020 13.020 12.355 .025 13.060 13.945 .060 13.020 11.005 -.355 .485 24.com 1.Seal Types & Gland Design Table B Static Axial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number I.D.355 .231 -455 12.525 14.355 .231 -470 20.460 .070 16.490 23.085 18.231 -452 11.960 .955 ± .231 -460 15.355 .500 20.355 .480 .000 -. 766 .442 .873 .000 .129 1. F Rod Gland Dia.936 .105 -006 .009 0.007 -016 .064 1.629 Tolerance ±0.009 1.360 .745 .002 .442 .114 .874 .Static Gland Detail Surface finish: S 32 for liquids 16 for vacuum and gases Finishes are RMS values 0 to 5 (Typ.009 0.504 .879 .036 .105 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.181 .956 1.081 .128 .441 .766 .191 1.105 -022 .003 B C Piston Piston Dia.063 .000 -.105 -020 .316 .180 .105 .002 -.applerubber.285 .926 .005 0.070 .000 E Rod Dia.148 .035 .572 .070 .261 .551 .754 .256 .149 .000 .262 .486 .122 .191 .176 .506 +.000 .004 0.105 0.005 0.216 .566 .122 .009 -017 .680 .077 .004 1.314 .082 .105 .485 .002 -.210 .010 -.078 .066 1.809 .000 -. +.) o o G S A B G C D E F 63 63 4 S Maximum Pressure of 1500 psi.702 .003 .957 .001 -.936 .739 .208 .051 .000 -001 .187 .114 .377 .022 1. www.957 .000 -.893 .142 .022 1.056 .301 . +.800.691 .377 .828. Static Radial Seal Gland Dimensions Table C O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number ID ± Tol.077 .364 .005 0.035 .105 -009 .746 .000 +.637 .701 .029 .049 .000 -.572 .062 .679 .176 .892 .002 -.219 .042 .426 .005 0.816 .040 0.257 1.256 1.149 1.123 .192 1.359 .105 -023 1.828 .745 .186 .070 0.327 .550 .101 -003 .063 .002 .005 0.129 1.048 .005 0.218 .000 -.105 -012 .989 .154 .105 -010 .684.186 .105 +.109 .215 .941 .128 1.294 .801 .505 +.002 -.005 0.214 .487 .050 0.379 .702 .148 1.893 .083 .155 .422 .010 -.000 0.010 1.218 .003 -.421 .110 .101 .420 .005 0.084 1.004 0.358 .676 -018 0.614 +. +.010 1.614 .001 +.638 .679 .000 ±0.000 -.149 1.348 .021 1.105 -008 . Groove Dia.239 .254 .254 1.250 .263 .829 .191 1.313 .109 .010 1.147 .063 .549 .105 -024 1.999 .145 .251 .230 .326 .228 .229 .109 .999 .116 .810 .105 -014 .114 .101 -004 .009 1.250 .296 .085 1.060 0.182 .101 -002 .6560 (International) 30 .295 .313 .com 1.115 .105 -013 .241 .001 D Rod Bore Dia.378 .638 .105 -011 .105 -021 .154 . G Gland Width +.105 -005 .000 .864 .009 0.489 .716.571 .441 .809 .105 -019 .7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.937 .003 -015 . Tolerance W (OD) A Cylinder Bore Dia.005 0.829 .505 +.615 +.005 0.551 .062 .004 0.325 .873 .105 -007 .085 1.001 +.048 .005 0.613 +.765 . 31 www.000 +.000 -.123 .105 (OD) ±0.Seal Types & Gland Design Static Radial Seal Gland Dimensions Table C O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number ID ± Tol.018 2.004 3.005 0.448 .030 4.754 2.379 3.379 4.239 .105 -033 1.105 -043 3.028 2.105 -032 1.005 0.379 1.214 1.174 .250 .027 .920 1.535 1.239 .663 1.002 -.489 .770 .105 -029 1.6560 (International) .251 .340 1.146 0.278 1.004 2.002 -.105 -031 1.158 2.176 .020 3.185 .105 +.515 1.514 1.187 .489 .003 -.105 -047 4.010 -.005 -104 .694 3.920 1.076 *** *** *** .237 5.092 .239 .879 3.716.690 *** *** *** .817 *** *** *** .663 1.320 .357 *** *** *** .951 3.413 2.003 -.489 .000 1.178 *** *** *** .057 .380 .385 .277 1.105 -044 3.070 A Cylinder Bore Dia.015 1.000 +.844 *** *** *** .828.385 *** *** *** .535 1.386 1.285 2. making the installation of the seal impractical.449 1.408 1.408 1.464 4.105 -028 1.153 .129 4.020 2.002 +.254 2.412 2.534 1.900 1.540 2.020 2.379 5.612 *** *** *** .899 1.146 .989 .643 1.081 .668 2.130 *** *** *** .317 . F Rod Gland Dia.003 -.000 -.005 -103 .037 5.331 *** *** *** .105 -048 4.024 3.030 4.030 4.879 2.238 5.739 .122 .278 1.629 1.433 *** *** *** .693 3.018 2.754 1.018 2.667 2.770 1.213 .349 .105 -050 5.739 .129 2.000 0.105 -045 3.798 2.000 -.143 .049 .105 -041 2.614 .504 1.250 .002 +.800.349 .059 .129 3.121 .146 .341 1.011 1.002 +.011 1.099 *** *** *** . +.027 3.489 .105 -042 3.341 1.000 -.364 .320 1.146 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.053 3.103 +.129 5.924 2.586 *** *** *** .364 .797 2.183 3.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.284 .629 3.015 2.114 .013 1.105 -040 2.206 4.284 .629 2.864 .090 .919 2.514 .614 .003 B C Piston Piston Dia.050 *** *** *** .316 1.005 0.239 .000 +.952 3.105 -027 1.642 1.448 1.285 .287 . E G Gland Width -025 1.213 1.146 .439 3.004 Tolerance 0.105 -036 2.000 +.255 .037 5.465 4.719 4.541 2.792 1.385 1.105 -039 2.493 5.214 1.105 -035 2.027 1.154 .662 1.318 .899 . Groove Dia.024 3.720 4.003 -.286 2.002 +.791 1.629 4.010 -.945 *** *** *** .350 .091 .000 +.207 4.879 4.867 *** *** *** .000 +.000 -.864 .155 .105 -049 4.239 .989 .003 -102 .052 2.739 .157 2.com 1.212 .504 2.000 -. ±0.018 2.058 . D Rod Bore Dia.applerubber. Tolerance W Rod Dia.739 .771 1.792 1.407 1.318 .105 -034 2.212 .024 3.684.011 -026 1.349 .013 1.879 1.560 *** *** *** .321 1.105 -038 2.027 4.003 +.438 3.186 .184 3.105 -046 4.379 2.974 4.305 *** *** *** .492 5.018 2.112 -105 -106 0.105 -037 2.989 .642 .317 . ***Standard glands are not provided for the larger diameter bore-mounted applications because Diameter F becomes larger than the outside diameter of the O-Ring seal.989 .441 1.925 2.105 -030 1.301 .975 4.013 1. 695 .068 2.146 -131 1.004 D Rod Bore Dia.146 0.761 1.146 -116 .424 .003 -.441 .880 .568 .984 1.119 .380 1.443 .213 1.206 .055 .275 2.917 2.570 .082 1.635 .131 2.146 -128 1. www.636 .012 1.928 .000 E Rod Dia.424 .211 2.012 1.726 1. +.146 4 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.276 1.467 1.047 2.763 .110 2.018 2. making the installation of the seal impractical.005 0.890 1.993 .002 +.068 1.568 1. ***Standard glands are not provided for the larger diameter bore-mounted applications because Diameter F becomes larger than the outside diameter of the O-Ring seal.012 1.017 2.827 1.146 -124 1.569 .) o o G S B C D E F 63 63 A G S Maximum Pressure of 1500 psi.828.541 .146 -132 1.377 1.148 2.147 .147 1.146 -117 .943 1.005 0.249 .214 1.010 1.000 -.567 . G Gland Width +.953 1.531 1.255 1.505 1.414 .237 .985 1.668 .310 .146 -112 .146 -129 1.276 2.6560 (International) 32 .953 .146 -111 .800.987 .540 .826 .725 1.737 .020 1.000 +.532 1.503 .362 .120 1.504 .889 1.599 1.048 2.924 .958 .928 .103 -134 1.612 .015 1.017 2.012 1.000 2.017 1.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.755 .146 -135 1.382 .826 1.005 0.955 1.111 2.415 .146 -123 1.606 .Static Gland Detail Surface finish: S 32 for liquids 16 for vacuum and gases Finishes are RMS values 0 to 5 (Typ.478 .598 1.663 1.761 .789 1.311 1.992 .827 .954 1.146 -119 .918 1.727 1.003 -.000 +.341 1.504 1.278 1.146 -127 1.017 .765 .699 .010 -.010 -.818 .943 .477 . Static Radial Seal Gland Dimensions Table C O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number ID ± Tol.790 1.251 .549 .764 .762 1.003 -.012 1.299 -110 B C Piston Piston Dia.549 .146 -130 1.010 1.505 .737 .664 1.799 .084 1.002 +.440 .130 1.010 1.146 -120 .612 .010 1.017 2.854 1.021 1.339 1.630 .340 1.010 1.146 .055 .000 ±0.046 2.696 1.082 .318 1.183 1.005 0.443 1.925 .015 1. F Rod Gland Dia.862 .275 .800 .829 .632 .019 1.864 .146 -125 1.174 .983 2.146 Tolerance 0.791 1.487 .246 1.183 .015 2.083 1.314 .005 -108 .799 .468 1.987 .506 .487 .441 1.442 .852 2.146 -136 1.003 -.404 1.002 +.863 .246 .210 .103 A Cylinder Bore Dia.146 -118 .112 2.005 -109 .893 .184 1.049 .440 .919 1.412 .212 1.applerubber.381 .376 .250 .799 .000 0.146 1.828 .237 .674 . ±0.992 .533 1.362 .000 -.505 .376 1.083 2.146 -113 .716.000 -.146 -122 1.005 2.193 2.082 1.299 .005 0.009 0.818 1.571 .734 .377 .662 1.146 +.633 1.469 1.313 .892 .000 -.684.210 2. +.277 1.146 -126 1.568 1.799 .863 .000 -.146 .891 1.015 0.217 .005 .630 1.056 1.009 0.605 .147 1.004 +.com 1.597 1.853 1.405 1. Groove Dia.700 .381 .605 .003 -.695 1.002 +.403 1.889 .567 1.112 .003 -133 1.880 1.010 1.000 +.674 .693 1.050 .148 1.929 .218 .957 .310 1.256 2.668 .247 1.193 1.733 . Tolerance W (OD) +.540 .219 .146 -115 .693 .000 +.440 1.669 .146 -137 2.015 1.632 1.009 0.146 -121 1.414 .755 1.862 .378 .701 .637 .003 -107 .733 .015 1.376 .119 .004 -.477 .503 1.312 .146 -114 .000 -.012 1. 661 .146 -152 3.402 .288 5.519 4.631 2.506 2.112 .533 2.443 2.176 2. -138 2.943 4.497 2.339 .487 .035 5.787 .applerubber.193 6.022 2.003 0.798 5. making the installation of the seal impractical.662 2.146 -157 4.443 5.943 5.425 .754 2.301 2.747 3.074 3.022 2.585 *** *** *** .237 .675 .003 -.687 2.193 3.000 +.024 3.496 2.146 -141 2.146 -149 2.146 -166 6.099 *** *** *** .035 6.689 2.193 7.693 3.146 -158 4.054 6.943 2.492 3.146 -148 2.com 1.146 *** *** *** .403 2.040 6.362 .881 2.261 4.146 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.661 2.943 6.817 2. D Rod Bore Dia.612 .030 4.035 5.146 -162 5.693 2.724 2.239 2.000 -.006 3.146 -165 6.6560 (International) .172 *** *** *** .053 5.146 -142 2.432 2.146 -164 6.073 3.624 2.020 2.550 .569 6.866 *** *** *** .597 2.000 -.300 .000 +.862 .335 7.193 4.788 2. F Rod Gland Dia.000 2.570 6.146 -143 2.693 4.146 -154 3.487 .368 2.302 2.237 .381 *** *** *** .035 5.611 *** *** *** .022 3.010 -. Tolerance W (OD) B C Piston Piston Dia.596 2.945 2. ***Standard glands are not provided for the larger diameter bore-mounted applications because Diameter F becomes larger than the outside diameter of the O-Ring seal.498 2.146 -147 2.040 7.017 2.040 6.443 6.002 +.755 2.980 .825 6.987 .303 2.800 .174 2.828.028 3.020 2.237 .022 3.891 *** *** *** .017 2.108 2.339 2.532 2.852 2.944 3.040 6.716.753 2.918 .146 -155 3.625 2.402 2.146 -146 2.487 .080 7.237 .030 4.330 *** *** *** .020 2.532 .334 7.465 .146 ±0.146 -150 2.175 2.748 3.737 .881 2.175 .000 +.318 2.816 2.466 2.918 2.109 3.774 4.237 .737 .568 2.756 2.433 2.981 2.146 -140 2.882 2.035 5.075 3.723 .518 4.684.262 4.543 5.238 2.407 *** *** *** .662 *** *** *** .146 -156 4.146 -151 2.369 2.561 2.340 2.946 2.024 3.800.007 4.309 6. Groove Dia.487 .623 2.146 -153 3. E Rod Dia.370 2.987 .193 5.044 .Seal Types & Gland Design Table C Static Radial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number ID ± Tol.045 3.787 2.029 5.381 2.289 5.238 3.146 -144 2.443 4.006 3.308 6.237 .487 .044 2.737 .799 5.000 -.844 *** *** *** .434 2.880 3.560 2.028 4.693 6.079 6.237 3.240 2.737 .146 -163 5.919 2.024 3.544 5.851 2.017 -139 2.596 .002 +.824 6.851 .020 2.103 A Cylinder Bore Dia. G Gland Width +.987 .020 2.356 *** *** *** .818 2.818 2.693 5.003 -.443 3.559 2.020 2.980 2.004 -.723 2.146 -161 5.028 4.465 2.146 -145 2.108 . 33 www.126 *** *** *** .943 7.987 .636 *** *** *** .688 2.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.987 .146 -160 5.737 .030 4.004 +.068 3.917 *** *** *** .146 -167 6.773 4.493 3.146 -159 4. Static Gland Detail Surface finish: S 32 for liquids 16 for vacuum and gases Finishes are RMS values 0 to 5 (Typ.) o o G S B C D E F 63 63 A G S Maximum Pressure of 1500 psi. Table C Static Radial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number ID ± Tol. Tolerance W (OD) B C Piston Piston Dia. Groove Dia. D Rod Bore Dia. E Rod Dia. F Rod Gland Dia. G Gland Width +.003 -.000 +.000 -.002 +.004 -.000 +.010 -.000 +.003 -.000 +.000 -.002 +.000 -.004 7.443 7.596 7.594 7.432 *** *** *** .146 ±0.003 -168 7.237 .045 -169 7.487 .045 6.693 7.850 7.849 7.687 *** *** *** .146 -170 7.737 .045 7.943 8.105 8.104 7.942 *** *** *** .146 -171 7.987 .045 8.193 8.360 8.359 8.197 *** *** *** .146 -172 8.237 .050 8.443 8.620 8.619 8.457 *** *** *** .146 -173 8.487 .050 8.693 8.875 8.874 8.712 +.003 -.000 +.000 -.002 +.000 -.004 8.943 9.130 9.129 Tolerance 0.103 A Cylinder Bore Dia. ±0.003 *** *** .146 +.000 -.003 +.006 -.000 +.010 -.000 8.967 *** *** *** .146 -174 8.737 .050 -175 8.987 .050 9.193 9.385 9.384 9.222 *** *** *** .146 -176 9.237 .055 9.443 9.645 9.644 9.482 *** *** *** .146 -177 9.487 .055 9.693 9.900 9.899 9.737 *** *** *** .146 -178 9.737 .055 9.943 10.155 10.154 9.992 +.003 -.000 +.000 -.003 Tolerance 0.103 *** +.003 -.000 ±0.004 -201 0.171 .005 -202 0.234 .005 -203 0.296 -204 0.139 +.000 -.006 *** *** *** .146 +.003 -.000 +.000 -.003 +.006 -.000 +.010 -.000 0.449 .408 .406 .186 .185 .183 .405 .195 0.512 .472 .470 .250 .249 .247 .469 .195 .005 0.574 .534 .532 .313 .312 .310 .531 .195 0.359 .005 0.637 .599 .597 .377 .376 .374 .596 .195 -205 0.421 .005 0.699 .663 .661 .441 .440 .438 .660 .195 -206 0.484 .005 0.762 .726 .724 .505 .504 .502 .723 .195 -207 0.546 .007 0.824 .792 .790 .570 .569 .567 .789 .195 -208 0.609 .009 0.887 .858 .856 .636 .635 .633 .855 .195 -209 0.671 .009 0.949 .921 .919 .700 .699 .697 .918 .195 -210 0.734 .010 1.012 .986 .984 .765 .764 .762 .983 .195 -211 0.796 .010 1.074 1.050 1.048 .828 .827 .825 1.047 .195 -212 0.859 .010 1.137 1.114 1.112 .892 .891 .889 1.111 .195 -213 0.921 .010 1.199 1.177 1.175 .956 .955 .953 1.174 .195 -214 0.984 .010 1.262 1.242 1.240 1.020 1.019 1.017 1.239 .195 -215 1.046 .010 1.324 1.305 1.303 1.083 1.082 1.080 1.302 .195 4 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically. ***Standard glands are not provided for the larger diameter bore-mounted applications because Diameter F becomes larger than the outside diameter of the O-Ring seal, making the installation of the seal impractical. www.applerubber.com 1.800.828.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.716.684.6560 (International) 34 Seal Types & Gland Design Table C Static Radial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number ID ± Tol. Tolerance W (OD) B C Piston Piston Dia. Groove Dia. D Rod Bore Dia. E Rod Dia. F Rod Gland Dia. G Gland Width +.003 -.000 +.000 -.003 +.000 -.006 +.003 -.000 +.000 -.003 +.006 -.000 +.010 -.000 1.387 1.370 1.368 1.149 1.148 1.146 1.367 .195 ±0.004 0.139 A Cylinder Bore Dia. -216 1.109 .012 -217 1.171 .012 1.449 1.435 1.433 1.213 1.212 1.210 1.432 .195 -218 1.234 .012 1.512 1.499 1.497 1.277 1.276 1.274 1.496 .195 -219 1.296 .012 1.574 1.562 1.560 1.340 1.339 1.337 1.559 .195 -220 1.359 .012 1.637 1.626 1.624 1.404 1.403 1.401 1.623 .195 -221 1.421 .012 1.699 1.690 1.688 1.468 1.467 1.465 1.687 .195 -222 1.484 .015 1.762 1.757 1.755 1.535 1.534 1.532 1.754 .195 -223 1.609 .015 1.887 1.884 1.882 1.662 1.661 1.659 1.881 .195 -224 1.734 .015 2.012 2.012 2.010 1.790 1.789 1.787 2.009 .195 -225 1.859 .018 2.137 2.143 2.141 1.921 1.920 1.918 2.140 .195 -226 1.984 .018 2.262 2.270 2.268 2.048 2.047 2.045 2.267 .195 -227 2.109 .018 2.387 2.398 2.396 2.176 2.175 2.173 2.395 .195 -228 2.234 .020 2.512 2.527 2.525 2.305 2.304 2.302 2.524 .195 -229 2.359 .020 2.637 2.655 2.653 2.433 2.432 2.430 2.652 .195 -230 2.484 .020 2.762 2.781 2.779 2.560 2.559 2.557 2.778 .195 -231 2.609 .020 2.887 2.909 2.907 2.688 2.687 2.685 2.906 .195 -232 2.734 .024 3.012 3.041 3.039 2.819 2.818 2.816 3.038 .195 -233 2.859 .024 3.137 3.169 3.167 2.947 2.946 2.944 3.166 .195 -234 2.984 .024 3.262 3.296 3.293 3.074 3.073 3.071 3.292 .195 -235 3.109 .024 3.387 3.423 3.421 3.202 3.201 3.199 3.420 .195 -236 3.234 .024 3.512 3.551 3.549 3.329 3.328 3.326 3.548 .195 -237 3.359 .024 3.637 3.679 3.677 3.457 3.456 3.454 3.678 .195 -238 3.484 .024 3.762 3.806 3.804 3.584 3.583 3.581 3.803 .195 -239 3.609 .028 3.887 3.937 3.935 3.716 3.715 3.713 3.934 .195 -240 3.734 .028 4.012 4.065 4.063 3.843 3.842 3.840 4.062 .195 -241 3.859 .028 4.137 4.193 4.191 3.971 3.970 3.968 4.190 .195 -242 3.984 .028 4.262 4.320 4.318 4.098 4.097 4.095 4.317 .195 -243 4.109 .028 4.387 4.448 4.446 4.226 4.225 4.223 4.445 .195 -244 4.234 .030 4.512 4.577 4.575 4.355 4.354 4.352 4.574 .195 -245 4.359 .030 4.637 4.705 4.703 4.483 *** *** *** .195 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically. ***Standard glands are not provided for the larger diameter bore-mounted applications because Diameter F becomes larger than the outside diameter of the O-Ring seal, making the installation of the seal impractical. 35 www.applerubber.com 1.800.828.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.716.684.6560 (International) Static Gland Detail Surface finish: S 32 for liquids 16 for vacuum and gases Finishes are RMS values 0 to 5 (Typ.) o o G S B C D E F 63 63 A G S Maximum Pressure of 1500 psi. Table C Static Radial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number ID ± Tol. Tolerance W (OD) B C Piston Piston Dia. Groove Dia. D Rod Bore Dia. +.003 -.000 E Rod Dia. F Rod Gland Dia. G Gland Width +.000 -.003 +.006 -.000 +.010 -.000 +.003 -.000 +.000 -.003 +.000 -.006 4.762 4.832 4.830 4.610 *** *** *** .195 ±0.004 0.139 A Cylinder Bore Dia. -246 4.484 .030 -247 4.609 .030 4.887 4.960 4.958 4.738 *** *** *** .195 -248 4.734 .030 5.012 5.087 5.085 4.865 *** *** *** .195 -249 4.859 .035 5.137 5.220 5.218 4.998 *** *** *** .195 -250 4.984 .035 5.262 5.347 5.345 5.125 *** *** *** .195 -251 5.109 .035 5.387 5.475 5.473 5.253 *** *** *** .195 -252 5.234 .035 5.512 5.602 5.600 5.380 *** *** *** .195 -253 5.359 .035 5.637 5.730 5.728 5.508 *** *** *** .195 -254 5.484 .035 5.762 5.857 5.855 5.635 *** *** *** .195 -255 5.609 .035 5.887 5.985 5.983 5.763 *** *** *** .195 -256 5.734 .035 6.012 6.112 6.110 5.890 *** *** *** .195 -257 5.859 .035 6.137 6.240 6.238 6.018 *** *** *** .195 -258 5.984 .035 6.262 6.367 6.365 6.145 *** *** *** .195 -259 6.234 .040 6.512 6.627 6.625 6.405 *** *** *** .195 -260 6.484 .040 6.762 6.882 6.880 6.660 *** *** *** .195 -261 6.734 .040 7.012 7.137 7.135 6.915 *** *** *** .195 -262 6.984 .040 7.262 7.392 7.390 7.170 *** *** *** .195 -263 7.234 .045 7.512 7.653 7.651 7.431 *** *** *** .195 -264 7.484 .045 7.762 7.908 7.906 7.686 *** *** *** .195 -265 7.734 .045 8.012 8.163 8.161 7.941 *** *** *** .195 -266 7.984 .045 8.262 8.418 8.416 8.196 *** *** *** .195 -267 8.234 .050 8.512 8.678 8.676 8.456 *** *** *** .195 -268 8.484 .050 8.762 8.933 8.931 8.711 *** *** *** .195 -269 8.734 .050 9.012 9.188 9.186 8.966 *** *** *** .195 -270 8.984 .050 9.262 9.442 9.440 9.221 *** *** *** .195 -271 9.234 .055 9.512 9.703 9.701 9.481 *** *** *** .195 -272 9.484 .055 9.762 9.958 9.956 9.736 *** *** *** .195 -273 9.734 .055 10.012 10.213 10.211 9.991 *** *** *** .195 -274 9.984 .055 10.262 10.467 10.465 10.246 *** *** *** .195 -275 10.484 .055 10.762 10.977 10.975 10.756 *** *** *** .195 4 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically. ***Standard glands are not provided for the larger diameter bore-mounted applications because Diameter F becomes larger than the outside diameter of the O-Ring seal, making the installation of the seal impractical. www.applerubber.com 1.800.828.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.716.684.6560 (International) 36 778 2.289 .000 -.210 *** +.627 .484 1.280 -315 0.738 1.561 .280 -322 1.008 -.840 .075 16.333 1.100 .003 -.412 .603 17.000 -.773 .316 *** *** *** .838 .162 .690 .615 1.955 . ***Standard glands are not provided for the larger diameter bore-mounted applications because Diameter F becomes larger than the outside diameter of the O-Ring seal.268 1.948 .140 1.012 1.628 18.355 1.280 -313 0.com 1.537 -312 0.407 +.010 1.065 13.997 1.675 1.716.673 .576 15.973 .787 .392 1.280 -316 0.207 1.011 1.332 1.280 -321 1.601 17.975 .145 1.537 13.475 .270 2.012 1.775 .165 1.005 -310 0.995 .707 1.895 .012 1.013 1.895 1.778 .160 .010 1.065 -277 11.012 1.692 .227 .162 .433 .758 .850 .908 1. G Gland Width +.816 1.910 1.770 1.781 1.200 1.280 0.484 .684.498 .262 13.903 .955 .578 16.010 1.395 1.010 1.984 .015 2.280 -325 1.003 -.003 -.984 .262 15.065 11.276 *** *** *** .000 -.968 .195 -281 14.270 1.280 -326 1.009 1.515 12.142 1.000 0.756 .629 .520 1.498 11.328 1.336 *** *** *** .662 .496 11.687 1.262 14.270 1.000 -.103 1.applerubber.655 1.230 1.582 1.736 .912 .195 -282 15.296 *** *** *** .946 . Groove Dia.262 12.233 17.832 .356 *** *** *** .020 2.000 -.526 1.943 1.280 -323 1.203 1.098 .085 18.195 -280 13.000 +.558 .358 1.225 .000 -.100 .357 *** *** *** .037 .000 +.416 .6560 (International) .556 14.786 *** *** *** .000 +.252 1.418 1.612 1.908 .003 *** .000 +.287 .000 1.482 .005 -309 0.280 -320 1.122 .008 1.195 -283 16.868 .010 -.653 1.905 .250 .071 1.009 1.082 1.137 1.487 1.645 1.195 +.076 1.870 1.873 1.843 .350 .020 .280 .195 -279 12.080 17.984 . 37 www.576 16.008 Tolerance 0.003 +.397 1.280 -328 1.065 14.353 .970 .280 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.955 . +.331 1.725 .255 2.008 12.753 1.550 1.280 -324 1.007 0.065 12.280 -327 1. making the installation of the seal impractical.000 +.545 .195 ±0.395 1.262 11.037 1.883 .034 .005 -311 0.428 .626 18.010 1.000 *** +.012 1.003 -.015 2.032 . F Rod Gland Dia.828.195 -284 17.475 .528 1.145 2.421 1.280 -317 0.517 12.006 11.821 .000 E Rod Dia.010 1.292 1.280 -319 1.225 .523 1.493 . ±0.280 -318 0.850 .265 1.457 1.984 .139 A Cylinder Bore Dia.578 15.127 2.431 .600 .233 16.819 .547 1.280 -314 0.287 .563 .762 12.783 1.382 *** *** *** .015 2.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.610 .558 14. Tolerance W (OD) B C Piston Piston Dia.885 .004 -276 10. D Rod Bore Dia.065 15.006 11.003 +.015 1.957 .496 .624 .984 .800.535 13.905 2.010 -.280 0.205 1.006 -.741 1.725 .650 1.233 18.880 1.600 .Seal Types & Gland Design Table C Static Radial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number ID ± Tol.678 1.195 -278 11.124 1.074 1.003 +. 638 2.304 .975 5.789 .024 3.409 3.688 .225 .280 -349 4.279 3.856 4.168 2. ***Standard glands are not provided for the larger diameter bore-mounted applications because Diameter F becomes larger than the outside diameter of the O-Ring seal.008 -.943 .320 3.381 .309 4.148 .431 .534 .317 3.895 4.475 .163 2.520 4.834 3.037 5.115 5.176 .086 4.536 3.853 5.645 5.858 4.962 3.794 3.465 5.280 -340 3.203 5.935 2.036 2.375 5.065 3.091 4.003 -.817 4.720 5.645 2.386 2.662 .280 -338 3.933 2.593 5.210 A Cylinder Bore Dia.225 . making the installation of the seal impractical.280 -350 4.498 5.975 .600 .280 -342 3.895 2.com 1.003 +.588 .972 5.024 3.348 4.194 3.039 2.577 3.280 -343 3.030 5.444 3.756 5.028 4.503 5.895 5.100 .729 4.) o o G S B C D E F 63 63 A G S Maximum Pressure of 1500 psi.018 2.020 3.192 3.412 3.847 5.667 3.763 .028 4.280 -351 4.844 5.350 . F Rod Gland Dia.326 .770 3.243 5.563 4.350 .214 4.100 .118 5.280 -356 5.598 4.645 4.350 .600 .449 3.280 -344 3.675 3.770 5.067 3.945 4.895 3.150 2.407 . Table C Static Radial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number ID ± Tol.030 5.225 .421 2.709 3.572 3.373 5.964 3.005 0.462 5.020 4.076 5.725 . -329 1.062 3.200 4.350 .219 4.003 -.460 .842 .850 .280 -341 3.020 3.280 -337 2.280 -355 5.322 3.274 .725 .280 -353 4.800.551 2.560 4.280 -336 2.280 -347 4.553 2.153 3.680 2.181 4.024 3.704 4.189 3.370 5.024 3.418 2.020 5.707 3.071 .280 -333 2.000 -.030 5. D Rod Bore Dia.436 4.100 .984 4.051 3.981 5.725 .003 +.098 .513 2.120 5.037 5.808 2.636 .930 3.145 5.246 5.508 .590 5.630 5.Static Gland Detail Surface finish: S 32 for liquids 16 for vacuum and gases Finishes are RMS values 0 to 5 (Typ.145 4.020 6.166 2.037 5.073 4.726 5.276 2.601 4.280 -332 2.850 .280 -358 5.716.717 5.423 2.028 4.025 3.471 4.959 4.539 3.000 2.103 6.018 -330 2.815 .715 .280 -331 2.280 4 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.520 5.828.328 4.018 2.548 2.024 3.948 4.475 .770 4.898 2.970 .791 3.975 .280 -335 2.198 .applerubber.678 2.280 ±0.600 .008 +.331 5.000 +.028 4.558 .270 5.575 3.020 3. Tolerance W (OD) B C Piston Piston Dia.270 4.395 3.850 .731 4.893 .758 5.294 2.476 4.020 3.030 4.975 .916 .100 .986 4.178 3.225 .684.037 6. E Rod Dia.520 3.770 2.030 4.049 .030 4.921 3.475 .395 4.693 4.803 3.022 2.628 5.306 3.510 2.145 3.625 5.806 2.248 5.474 4.395 5.020 2.603 4.041 2.6560 (International) 38 . G Gland Width +.280 -339 3.447 3.089 4.280 -334 2.765 2.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.296 2.343 4. Groove Dia.000 -.918 3.641 2.280 -348 4.895 2.975 .270 3.820 4.018 2.768 2.100 5.475 .020 .280 -346 4.037 5.346 4.000 +.000 +.000 -.395 2.291 2.280 -352 4.501 5.664 3.037 5.010 -.280 -357 5.054 4.433 4.600 .690 4.831 4.645 3.028 4.520 2.280 -354 5.383 2. www.753 6.280 -345 3.217 4.836 3. 475 .6560 (International) .239 *** *** *** .699 15.474 *** *** *** .010 -.145 10.280 -366 7.280 ±0.475 .003 *** +.280 -364 6.768 7.444 8.280 -380 11.225 .140 6.214 *** *** *** .903 7.800.280 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.895 6.055 10.975 .145 9.280 +.280 -378 10.045 8.046 8.003 +.075 16. making the installation of the seal impractical. F Rod Gland Dia.975 .584 10.049 9.475 .000 -.000 -.355 6.895 12.280 -365 6.375 16.955 .395 7.975 .651 13.037 6.188 8.729 *** *** *** .000 +.000 -.634 12.895 11.895 8.280 -370 8.280 -363 6.230 6.850 .716.289 +.000 *** +.975 .395 11.008 +.280 -379 10.183 8.906 6.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.395 6.280 -386 16.703 16.000 -382 12.645 8.384 *** *** *** .725 .099 11.037 6.225 .050 8.975 .186 8.654 13.008 13.280 -377 9.121 11.791 8.528 .738 .280 -384 14.725 .696 15.000 .278 8. G Gland Width +.074 10.880 6.000 -.com 1.885 5.145 7.264 *** *** *** .725 .396 6.003 +.210 *** +.000 +.280 -373 8.828.280 -367 7.725 .280 -368 7.928 8.250 6.003 -. 39 www.040 6.304 9.225 .358 6.040 7.280 Tolerance 0.003 +.227 5.050 8.816 9.060 10.508 7.653 6.651 6.124 12.005 -359 5.280 -376 9.763 .045 7.475 .480 .503 .908 6.045 8.273 .275 7.008 -.253 7.065 11.359 *** *** *** .423 7.684.326 9.158 7.037 -360 5.280 -371 8.819 9.248 .395 8.163 7.959 *** *** *** .743 6.975 .475 .931 7. ***Standard glands are not provided for the larger diameter bore-mounted applications because Diameter F becomes larger than the outside diameter of the O-Ring seal.975 .475 .013 6.018 .000 -.447 8.280 -369 7.505 7.Seal Types & Gland Design Table C Static Radial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number ID ± Tol.023 8.065 -383 13.225 . E Rod Dia.280 -372 8.395 12.080 17.645 7.000 6.395 10.606 11.933 7.060 11.225 .794 8.556 9.895 10.145 8.020 7.353 . ±0.678 7.533 8.280 -362 6.329 10.280 -375 9. Tolerance W (OD) B C Piston Piston Dia.000 +.609 11.270 6.135 6.004 -.055 9.395 9.334 *** *** *** .050 9.975 .955 .003 -.975 .648 6.055 9.679 14.779 *** *** *** .673 8.010 -.754 *** *** *** . D Rod Bore Dia.070 14.145 6.050 9. Groove Dia.055 10.676 14.071 9.280 -381 11.700 16.995 6.003 -.645 9.725 .applerubber.631 12.280 -374 9.485 6.728 17.065 12.393 6.765 7.530 8.138 6.005 0.395 14.559 9.070 15.301 8.045 7.789 .000 +.395 13.740 6.581 10.096 10.984 *** *** *** .883 5.011 6.210 A Cylinder Bore Dia.645 6.161 7.418 7.421 7.704 *** *** *** .482 6.309 *** *** *** .040 6.449 8.280 -385 15.008 6.375 17.040 7.354 *** *** *** .993 .000 -.895 9.998 6.395 15.975 .725 17.280 -361 5.676 7.398 6.010 -. 360 24.003 +.350 -443 7.940 .applerubber.025 6.803 20.850 .851 .573 .025 5.321 5.479 *** *** *** .753 18.443 .445 4.045 8.013 6.821 21.386 .037 5.617 .040 7.086 5.085 -388 18.003 +.750 18.165 7.940 .504 *** *** *** .575 5.059 .214 5.133 7.725 .000 +.525 5.010 -.908 6.280 -394 24.579 5.025 8.846 22.090 19.040 7.210 A Cylinder Bore Dia.006 -425 4.350 -444 7. making the installation of the seal impractical.350 -438 6.110 24.275 6.350 .377 5.350 -433 5.975 .753 6.037 6.468 6.000 +.010 +.975 .564 *** *** *** .000 -.525 6.360 26.828.000 +.350 -431 5.388 7.630 5.466 .606 4.350 -429 4.158 7.716.000 +.6560 (International) 40 .187 .729 5.775 19.955 .350 -432 5.) o o G S B C D E F 63 63 A G S Maximum Pressure of 1500 psi.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.900 5.212 .885 5.000 +.350 Tolerance 0.033 0.108 6.725 .045 7.033 5.703 5.135 6.131 . G Gland Width +.599 6.849 22.350 -440 6.940 .360 23.225 .876 .957 .887 5.350 -435 5.680 7.600 .475 .859 23.065 5.375 19.033 5.632 5.037 5.037 5.608 4.004 -.248 5.008 6.955 .878 7.991 4.350 -437 5.Static Gland Detail Surface finish: S 32 for liquids 16 for vacuum and gases Finishes are RMS values 0 to 5 (Typ.037 6. Groove Dia.150 6.280 -395 25.225 .003 +.831 5.884 24.115 25.934 26.350 -430 5.375 20.037 6.678 7.829 .619 7.673 8.903 7.361 .275 5.137 8.418 7.375 22.061 4.503 5.909 25.861 4.800.363 6.539 *** *** *** .434 *** *** *** .000 -.760 5.004 -.100 22.280 -390 20.120 5.193 5.350 -434 5.881 24.280 -391 21.975 .280 -389 19.037 6.350 -428 4.000 -.853 6.758 5. F Rod Gland Dia.010 -.725 .000 -.955 .350 -439 6.707 5.275 7.225 .593 .625 6.280 ±0.106 .090 6.112 7.008 18. ±0.959 5.940 .400 6.684.459 *** *** *** .010 -.989 4.736 4.100 .589 *** *** *** . E Rod Dia.000 -.701 .963 5.856 23.280 +.650 5.243 5.409 *** *** *** .400 5.370 5.863 4.315 .601 5.775 7.218 6.933 7.734 4.115 5.498 5.084 .122 5.317 4.775 6.003 -.931 26.189 4.955 .835 5.250 5.648 7.105 23.037 6.882 7.344 6.393 6.005 -387 17.163 7.935 7.600 .338 . ***Standard glands are not provided for the larger diameter bore-mounted applications because Diameter F becomes larger than the outside diameter of the O-Ring seal.275 -426 4.000 +.004 -.com 1.398 6.095 20.375 5.375 21.350 -427 4.000 -.475 .010 -.778 19.392 8.425 7.655 6.350 4 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.000 5.856 5.350 -441 6.775 5.375 18.514 *** *** *** .928 8.095 21. D Rod Bore Dia. Tolerance W (OD) B C Piston Piston Dia.040 7.275 8.025 7.653 6.475 . Table C Static Radial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number ID ± Tol.906 25.037 5.824 21.120 26.475 .340 5.367 7.280 -393 23.140 6.350 -436 5.150 5.857 6.040 6.280 -392 22.003 +.800 20.045 8.033 5.525 7. www.955 .850 .595 6.472 6.910 6.423 7.000 +.505 5.400 6.984 5.360 25.880 6.725 .015 6.142 6.449 5.623 7.350 -442 7. 813 15.003 +.505 18.070 14.674 9.505 17.applerubber.350 -470 20.814 16.162 .506 *** *** *** .249 12.045 -446 8.044 26.350 -452 11.699 10.190 8.490 23.678 9.005 18.350 -460 15.672 .525 15.963 22.350 -465 17.411 *** *** *** .455 .010 -.010 +.025 11.525 9.955 .350 -473 23.060 12.946 *** *** *** .005 19.060 13.525 8.975 .866 *** *** *** .969 23.350 -447 8.070 15.505 21.000 +.350 -467 18.350 -451 10.000 8.934 21.475 .000 +.025 15.055 10.525 11.475 .350 -450 10.828.025 13. -445 7.025 14.475 .055 9.350 -454 12.090 20.901 *** *** *** .005 20.642 .090 20.475 .973 23.019 25.481 *** *** *** .940 .303 15.475 .085 18.975 .374 18.938 21.955 .075 16.918 20.006 0.350 -463 16.000 -.120 26.253 13.525 12.490 27.354 17. Groove Dia.525 14.505 20.350 -472 22.793 14.975 .110 24.475 .025 16.Seal Types & Gland Design Table C Static Radial Seal Gland Dimensions O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number ID ± Tol.455 .516 *** *** *** .299 14.241 *** *** *** .060 11.080 17.436 *** *** *** .221 9.695 10.743 12.720 11.350 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.994 24.004 -.541 *** *** *** .490 24.168 9.378 19.000 -.350 -457 13.350 -449 9.350 -475 25.350 -461 15.183 8.003 +.843 17.233 12.940 .070 16.358 18.336 *** *** *** .525 10.306 *** *** *** .070 14.704 9. 41 www.350 ±0.868 18.475 .350 -458 14.386 *** *** *** .846 *** *** *** .475 .505 22.100 22.455 .940 .275 A Cylinder Bore Dia.955 .955 .864 18.350 -466 18.644 8.975 .796 *** *** *** .955 .350 -469 19.350 -453 11.090 19.566 *** *** *** .060 11.350 -464 17.800.219 9.914 20.025 10.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.060 12.356 *** *** *** .004 -.490 26.975 .684.350 -455 12.455 .871 *** *** *** .060 13.085 19.005 17.164 8. ***Standard glands are not provided for the larger diameter bore-mounted applications because Diameter F becomes larger than the outside diameter of the O-Ring seal.048 27.648 8. G Gland Width +.6560 (International) .711 8.350 -448 9.776 *** *** *** .324 16.763 13.731 *** *** *** .709 8.940 .323 16.055 9. F Rod Gland Dia.739 12.350 -456 13.839 17.591 *** *** *** .com 1.213 11.115 25.350 -459 14.959 22.809 15.724 11.075 17.229 11.000 +.000 -.399 19.716.090 21.055 10.319 15.328 17.889 19.455 .350 -468 19.286 *** *** *** .209 10.214 9. making the installation of the seal impractical.893 19. E Rod Dia.266 *** *** *** .998 24.350 -462 16.505 19.955 .818 16. Tolerance W (OD) B C Piston Piston Dia. D Rod Bore Dia.023 26.025 12.756 *** *** *** .010 -.283 14.403 20.525 13.188 10.975 .070 15.350 -471 21.361 *** *** *** .105 23.975 .188 8.461 *** *** *** .759 13.921 *** *** *** .975 .505 16.085 18.184 9.789 14.279 13.826 *** *** *** .350 -474 24.025 9. 139 .137 .015 9.57 .applerubber. mm In.004 3.475 .103 .40 102 .16 .00 -..095 .08 .005 .13 201-284 . mm 004 .Bore Diameter O-Ring • Bore Diameter should be 0% to 5% smaller than the nominal O-ring OD • O-ring volume is typically 90% to 95% of gland void 45˚ 45˚ Extrusion Gap Ref.79 309 .103 .29 .090 2.085 2.015 .275 .33 .178 .com 1.25 1/32 .083 2.72 .716.79 425 .063 1.015 . ± mm ± Groove Depth G Groove Width Sharp Edge Rounded Edge In.003 2.13 .003 1.234 5. O-Ring Cross Section ± mm Gland Depth ± In. -. +.41 .115 2.06 .006 6.139 .210 .99 .25 425-475 .05 ±. mm ±.05 In.010 .05 H Groove Depth R1 Radius R Radius In.395 .15 .92 .32 .005 5.284 .002 ±.33 .97 .120 3.180 4.003 2.002 mm +.684.18 309-395 .070 .006 6.92 .38 1/32 .10 .53 .235 5.220 5.15 .13 1/64 .08 102-178 .08 .828.78 .48 .170 4.99 .60 .59 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.05 .08 .08 .62 .94 .59 .000 -.45 .10 .005 3.210 .010 .050 .000 + mm .004 3.08 .160 4.275 .6560 (International) 42 .005 5.11 .002 ±.371 . Illustration 5.000 + 004-050 .38 1/16 1.115 2.40 201 .25 1/64 .13 .279 .003 1.800.2 4 Gland Depth Table D AS-568* Number Static Crush Seal Gland Dimensions (For Triangular Grooves) In.003 2.007 4.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.010 7.186 .78 .052 1. mm In.53 .62 . www.32 .070 .057 1.38 24˚ ±1˚ G R1 H R Table E AS-568* Number R O-ring mean diameter to be 0% to 5% less than Groove mean diameter (See %Stretch Formula in section 11) Dovetail Gland Dimensions O-Ring Cross Section In.42 . 478 0.000 E Rod Dia.542 0.689 0.754 0.357 0.432 0.798 0.608 0.001 +.003 -106 0.752 0.215 0.358 0.000 +.294 -009 0.384 -108 0.230 0.009 0.434 0.751 0.009 0.009 0.216 0.005 0.504 0.326 0.002 -.426 0.007 0.541 0.002 -.435 0.384 0.561 0.351 -107 0.005 0.184 0.542 -111 0. G Gland Width +.183 0.152 0.864 0.182 0.326 -010 0.627 0.001 +.000 +.005 0.441 0.414 0.626 0.310 0.254 0.100 +.000 -.) 32 Maximum Pressure of 1500 psi.237 0. +.005 0.005 0.316 0.123 0.308 0.433 0.370 0.000 Tolerance ±0.988 +.379 0.716.000 -.070 0. C Piston Gland Dia.002 +.307 0. F Rod Gland Dia.000 +.815 0.005 0.671 0.002 -.421 0.751 0.009 0.372 0.496 0.443 0.114 0.798 -018 0.217 0.Seal Types & Gland Design A B G C D E 16 F 32 Dynamic Gland Detail Finishes are RMS values 32 G 0o to 5o (Typ.498 0.262 -008 0.688 0.424 0.877 0.546 -014 0.154 0.676 0.135 Tolerance ±0.applerubber.000 +.691 0. +.003 0.001 +.797 0.479 0.566 0.561 0.003 A Cylinder Bore Dia.879 0.862 -019 0.415 0.605 0.348 0.com 1.174 0.415 -109 0.000 -015 0.000 -.185 0.371 0.362 0.301 0.247 0.121 0.121 0.000 -.380 0.145 0.735 0.152 0.293 0.229 0.000 -.215 0.373 0.484 0.103 0.672 -016 0.309 0.245 0.005 0.484 -013 0.000 -.814 0. Dynamic Radial Seal Gland Dimensions Table F AS-568* Number ID ± Tol.001 -. Tolerance W (OD) ±0.421 -012 0.285 0.6560 (International) .005 0.214 0.261 0.688 0.672 0.545 0.000 +.364 0.009 1.861 0.176 0.816 0.736 -017 0.002 -.551 0.383 0.000 -.294 0.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.245 0.412 0.350 0.358 -011 0.987 0.505 0.562 0.925 0.239 0.878 0.005 0.005 0.000 0.609 0.684.183 0.483 0.605 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.479 -110 0.206 0.002 +.828.214 0.246 0.988 0.877 0.000 B Piston Dia.604 0.002 +.370 0.002 -.736 0.626 0.230 -007 0.800.248 0.001 -.005 0.609 +.070 0.432 0.630 0.000 -.568 0.182 0.862 0.001 +.371 0.005 0.005 0.941 0.420 0.010 -.010 -.005 0.246 0.299 0.002 +.002 -.208 0.262 0.005 0.010 -.489 0.325 0.001 -.496 0.614 0.308 0.351 0.629 0.546 0.924 0. D Rod Bore Dia.801 0.433 0.814 0.002 +.000 -.004 0.925 -020 0. 43 www.000 -006 0.739 0.307 0.000 +. 859 0.6560 (International) 44 .363 -124 1.002 -.732 0.009 0.001 +.236 1.365 4 +.559 0.488 1.049 -119 0.000 -.796 -115 0.938 0.065 1. Dynamic Radial Seal Gland Dimensions Table F AS-568* Number O-ring Dimensions ID ± Tol.297 1.004 -202 0.010 1.) F 16 32 32 G 32 Maximum Pressure of 1500 psi.000 -. F Rod Gland Dia.986 -211 0.236 0.238 1.112 0.880 0.298 1.126 1.318 1.795 0.539 0.238 -215 1.795 -208 0.000 0.005 0.046 0.668 0.922 -210 0.110 0.002 +.000 0.130 1.637 0.005 0.190 1.924 0.005 0.235 1.732 0.755 0.686 0.174 0.047 0.546 0.125 1.000 +.010 1.857 0.175 1.732 -207 0.060 1.005 0.109 0.367 0.818 0.369 0.299 1.683 0.685 0.063 1.922 -117 0.556 0.318 1.000 -.109 0.609 0.795 0.751 0.001 1.626 0.505 1.253 1.749 0.009 0.800.541 -204 0.935 1.986 0.299 1.693 0.512 0.605 0.244 0.012 1.621 0.007 0.921 0.306 0.255 1.887 0.731 0.489 +.000 -.862 0.624 0.799 0.495 0.426 -125 1.487 0.668 -113 0.001 1.Dynamic Gland Detail Finishes are RMS values A B G C D E 0o to 5o (Typ.813 0.484 0.922 0.010 1.605 -205 0.103 0.010 1.304 0.984 0.012 1.949 0.068 1.684.193 1.621 0.304 0.236 -122 1.749 0.002 +.316 1.365 1.127 1.010 -.985 0.002 -.060 1.000 E Rod Dia.010 1.732 -114 0.363 1.876 1. +.559 0.875 0.541 0.applerubber.812 0. +.747 0.137 1.603 0. Tolerance W ±0.192 1.492 0.478 0.002 +.380 1.002 +.876 0.139 -203 0.003 1.828.683 0.367 0.010 1.495 0.730 0.425 1.666 0.190 1.296 0.012 0.810 1.671 0.859 -209 0.429 0.237 0.492 0.324 1.299 0.815 0.010 -.002 -.299 -216 1. C Piston Gland Dia.878 0.494 0.173 1.363 1.010 1.858 0.737 0. D Rod Bore Dia.489 1.173 0.686 0.920 0.762 0.000 +.062 1.940 0.688 0.873 1.110 1.174 1.010 1.049 0.443 1.558 0.049 1.000 -.793 0.010 1.796 0.556 0.009 0.049 -212 0.922 0.010 1.003 (OD) A Cylinder Bore Dia.873 0.005 0.234 0.000 B Piston Dia.426 1.998 1.549 0.359 0.813 0.002 -.125 1.299 -123 1.429 0.000 +.362 1.012 1.255 1.937 0.810 0.002 -.986 -118 0.063 1.984 0.943 0.699 0.199 1.012 1.010 1.112 1.574 0.175 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.049 1.316 1.859 0.667 0.998 1.561 0.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.000 -.253 1.497 0. www.005 0.938 1.112 -213 0.716.175 -214 0.242 0.128 1.859 -116 0.000 0.668 0.824 0.000 -112 0.674 0.009 0.002 +.048 0.987 0.com 1.005 0.921 0.262 1.242 0.002 -.624 0.074 1.431 0.935 0.749 0.478 Tolerance ±0.668 -206 0. G Gland Width +.009 0.010 1.476 0.174 -121 1.747 0.796 0.110 -120 0.986 0.126 1.387 1.005 0.734 0.421 0.612 0.859 0.623 0. 637 1.139 1.178 1.012 1.420 0.786 0.883 1.867 0.015 2.051 1.420 1.010 1.427 1.315 1.438 1.868 1.009 1.com 1.745 1. Tolerance W (OD) ±0.545 1.853 0.725 0.332 1. C Piston Gland Dia.978 0.252 1.487 1.868 -224 1.041 0.629 1.000 -.002 +.994 -225 1.850 0.002 -.000 E Rod Dia.367 1.189 1.674 1.000 -217 1.241 1.012 1.313 1.850 0. +.012 1.002 +.108 1.495 1.756 1.171 0.716.744 1.552 -220 1.485 1.applerubber.015 2.108 -315 0.000 -.864 0.018 2.007 0.916 0.913 0.864 1.957 0.475 0.225 0.105 0.420 -320 1.234 0.992 1.376 1.020 1.012 1.674 0.114 -328 1.119 1.237 1.178 1.359 -319 1.895 0.240 2.859 0.912 0.395 1.678 -222 1.421 0.296 0.000 +.548 -322 1.616 -221 1.6560 (International) .489 1.012 1.350 0.929 0.000 0.673 1.610 -323 1.082 1.801 1.926 1.162 0.440 1.582 1.615 0.804 0.002 +.009 1.725 0.010 1.010 1.989 1.015 1.002 -.850 0.547 0.000 +.874 1.051 1.012 1.438 1.295 1.745 2.010 1.631 1.210 0.734 0.304 1.304 1.699 1.356 0.989 0.883 2.504 1.000 -.122 2.885 1.116 1.010 -.504 1.741 0.002 +.612 0.684.734 1.250 1.145 1.623 1. 45 www.000 -.548 1.992 0.122 +.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.853 -311 0.012 0.486 0.754 1.015 1.234 1.005 0.010 -.054 1.506 1.537 0.231 0.295 -318 0.871 2.620 1.005 0.742 1.607 1.547 0.512 1.270 1.801 0. F Rod Gland Dia.000 -.737 -325 1.044 -314 0.489 -219 1.116 1.002 -.376 1.002 -.616 1.738 1.012 1.614 1.738 0.990 -327 1.359 0.015 1.600 0.916 -312 0.012 1.677 0.754 1.002 -.423 0.498 1. +.000 +.378 1.620 1.287 0.292 0.367 1.004 A Cylinder Bore Dia.010 1.981 -313 0.495 1.250 Tolerance ±0.787 0.550 0.609 0.187 1.520 1. D Rod Bore Dia.244 1.420 0.307 1.313 1.412 0.114 2.762 1.662 0.100 0.015 2.789 0.676 1.137 2.012 1.610 1.037 0.120 1.770 1.Seal Types & Gland Design Dynamic Radial Seal Gland Dimensions Table F AS-568* Number O-ring Dimensions ID ± Tol.370 1.866 1.678 1.670 1.832 0.612 0.010 1.425 1.789 -310 0.005 -309 0. G Gland Width +.145 2.895 1.270 2.707 1.629 1.987 1.552 1.187 1.000 -.926 0.800.170 -316 0.002 +.170 1.737 1.871 1.645 1.002 -.483 0.990 1.475 0.241 1.111 1.457 1.427 -218 1.485 -321 1.865 -326 1.359 1.550 1.748 1.994 1.981 0.482 1.574 1.887 1.181 1.673 -324 1.250 1.015 2.828.865 1.012 1.862 1.483 0.002 +.000 +.044 1.020 0.600 0.000 B Piston Dia.975 0.484 0.417 1.240 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.207 1.744 -223 1.234 -317 0.449 1.167 0. 000 B Piston Dia.490 2.376 3.523 4.350 0.257 3.000 -.999 2.771 5.016 4.018 2.623 3.024 3.895 3.003 +.645 2.004 3.885 4.020 4.385 5.645 4.395 3.244 2.391 4.275 5.002 -.632 4.033 5.637 3.770 2.615 2.493 -331 2.755 2.270 3.005 4.975 0.020 3.640 3.400 5.900 5.com 1.000 +.618 -332 2.888 4.276 5.028 5.871 2.505 2.002 +.020 3.504 4.350 0.002 +.260 5.024 3.639 5.000 E Rod Dia.007 3.882 4.028 4.252 2.757 4.266 4.382 4.269 4.100 0. Dynamic Radial Seal Gland Dimensions Table F AS-568* Number O-ring Dimensions ID ± Tol.520 4.100 0.6560 (International) 46 .684.383 3.366 1.507 -347 4.499 3.257 3.124 2.025 5.975 0.) F 16 32 32 G 32 Maximum Pressure of 1500 psi.266 4.630 2.138 4.637 4. G Gland Width +.121 3.002 -.369 2.850 0.009 5.874 3.130 4.270 4.379 4. +.391 4.745 -333 2.881 2.002 1.000 +.133 -427 4.600 0.891 3.350 0.145 3.132 3.896 5.889 4 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.895 4.254 3.276 5.878 3.997 2.008 -426 4.618 2.766 3.249 2.003 -.247 3.030 4.033 5.002 -.764 -432 5.010 3.752 -341 3.511 3. F Rod Gland Dia.279 5.020 3.010 -.225 0.513 -430 5.000 -.752 3.760 -349 4.259 -428 4.000 -329 1.118 2.475 0.028 4.395 2.514 5.007 3.508 3.020 2.037 5.502 2.626 3.247 -337 2.401 5.018 2.520 3.975 0.648 4.Dynamic Gland Detail Finishes are RMS values A B G C D E 0o to 5o (Typ.applerubber.025 5.003 +.752 3.133 -344 3.134 5.145 4.775 5.124 2.000 +.037 5.260 3.502 3.033 5.507 4.003 -.257 4.141 4.018 0.763 3.725 0.519 4.382 -346 4.007 -343 3.725 0.999 2.997 -335 2.520 2.502 2.153 5.257 -345 3.133 4.899 4.000 -.375 2. Tolerance W (OD) ±0.752 2.877 -342 3.520 5.225 0.626 -340 3. C Piston Gland Dia.890 5. +.770 4.745 2.150 5.381 4.600 0.850 0.249 2.395 4.850 0. www.028 4.770 3.030 4.013 4.033 0.275 5.369 -330 2.888 3.650 5.627 2.502 -339 3.007 4.004 -.871 -334 2.645 3.138 4.375 2.600 0.749 3.525 5.127 2.000 -.742 2.394 4.037 5.627 2.383 3.135 3.516 4.002 +.828.150 5.000 -.635 4.025 5.010 -.100 0.132 3.475 0.886 5.716.771 4.765 5.024 3.508 3.638 -431 5.024 3.000 0.028 4.378 2.725 0.000 +.895 2.645 4.256 4.024 3.018 2.150 5.475 0.774 4.885 +.225 0.800.210 2.645 5.404 5.896 4.350 0.020 2.475 0.763 4.130 3.401 5.493 2.225 0.037 5.376 -338 3.510 5.100 0.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.635 5.761 5.013 4.005 A Cylinder Bore Dia.000 -.121 -336 2.006 -425 4.386 3.877 3.975 0.878 2.003 +.516 4.635 -348 4.028 4.520 4.320 Tolerance ±0. D Rod Bore Dia.373 3.384 -429 4.030 4.994 2.868 2.760 4. 055 9.023 7.070 16.725 0.062 12.975 0.777 7.076 14.040 6.053 10.563 12.527 -446 8.561 11.548 -452 11.000 -.975 0.529 5.562 10.975 0.575 13.046 11.387 5.050 12.475 0.063 -457 13.037 6.531 7.775 7.567 15.266 6.540 9.032 7.011 5.792 7.526 6.070 15.525 11.026 -444 7.064 13.060 11.045 7.291 7.520 -442 7.060 13.541 7.553 8.067 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.053 10.769 -439 6.140 6.064 15.066 15.550 -454 12.902 5.600 0.035 8.060 11.049 -453 11.525 10.015 6.552 10.060 11.391 6.000 B Piston Dia.725 0.288 7.905 5.081 15.056 10.019 -440 6. Tolerance W (OD) ±0.281 6.025 15.000 +.284 6.063 11.004 -.035 7.475 0.550 9.525 15.561 14.039 8.528 8.275 6.076 14.525 9.025 12.789 7.525 12.045 8.139 -435 5.526 5.006 A Cylinder Bore Dia.065 12. F Rod Gland Dia.150 6.553 13.716.516 6.271 7.564 -458 14.270 -441 6.042 8.766 6.555 9.475 0.579 15.060 12.037 0.512 6.032 7.475 0.055 9.051 -455 12.525 8.6560 (International) .536 9.047 -451 10.800.542 10.037 9.040 7.078 15.780 5.400 6.515 -438 6.003 +.785 6.565 14.000 -433 5.475 0.060 13.068 16.475 0.902 6.048 11.016 6.975 0.547 12.975 0.525 6.003 +.684.037 6.563 13.045 8.000 E Rod Dia.applerubber.136 5.020 7.566 12.274 7.000 -.037 6.545 11.566 -460 15.275 8.776 -443 7.281 6.517 7.070 14.475 0.475 0.534 6.040 7. +.025 11.278 8.777 5.559 10.975 0.577 15.065 -459 14.975 0.275 7.025 13.064 14.027 8.037 6. G Gland Width +.770 6.975 0.051 9.038 -447 8.975 0.025 14.828. 47 www.045 8.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.559 11.025 7.267 6.564 11.525 7.390 -437 5.288 7.055 10.055 10.Seal Types & Gland Design Dynamic Radial Seal Gland Dimensions Table F O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number ID ± Tol.575 14.789 8.552 9.040 -449 9.782 6.277 -445 7.070 15.003 +.563 15.775 6.262 5.549 13.010 -.531 6.538 10.039 8.552 -456 13.040 7.582 15.521 7.524 8.027 6.541 -450 10.549 11.079 14.014 -434 5.048 12.067 13. C Piston Gland Dia.025 9.538 7.578 13.975 0.275 6.225 0.051 9.225 0.027 6.060 11.062 14. D Rod Bore Dia.539 -448 9.654 5.651 6.078 15.003 -.025 6.025 16.025 8.577 14.265 -436 5.580 14.054 9.070 14.551 12.062 12.850 0.025 10.044 10.773 7. +.030 6.475 0.052 13.561 12.579 16.550 8.538 8.651 5.039 9.475 0.475 0.com 1.060 13.525 14.003 -.725 0.777 6.000 -.525 13.060 12.064 13.041 10.782 7. 145 ± .003 -.551 ± .003 0.016 to .010 .097 to .629 . -004 to -045 .379 .072 .000 .000 Tolerance Rod Bore Diameter Groove Width D G +.504 .016 .1416) / 12 To allow for heat transfer.D.6560 (International) 48 .005 0.012 to .005 0.005 0.683 .005 0.241 .135 .348 .D.007 0.084 .) D 1/2 E B A 4 16 32 32 L G 32 M NOTE: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)  6 RMS rod finish max.006 .503 .003 -. 1 Due to centrifugal force.246 .147 .378 .103 .178 .190 .005 0.016 1.241 .239 ± .222 .254 .008 .075 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.com 1.000 -.005 0.440 .691 .285 .210 .067 .340 .020 1.491 . www.030 -210 to -258 .7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.390 O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number I.315 .253 .005 0.012 .009 . W.133 to .428 .371 .applerubber. do not locate groove in shaft Locate seal as close as possible to lubricating fluid Feet per minute = (RPM x shaft diameter (inches) x 3.012 to .800.716.202 .004 .004 -.005 .303 .233 .441 .496 .005 0.011 .301 ± .828.553 .015 . ± Tol.684.621 .Dynamic Gland Detail Finishes are RMS values 0o to 5o (Typ.210 .070 ± .558 .099 .005 0.176 ± .426 ± .565 +.001 +.114 ± . O.005 . bearing length should be 10 times the cross section of the O-ring used Rotary O-Ring Seal Gland Dimensions Under 900 PSI Table G AS-568* L Gland Depth E Diametrical Clearance M Bearing Length Min.366 .433 .101 ± .007 .208 ± . ± Tol.700 -102 to -163 .364 ± .277 .014 .316 .308 . (ref) Shaft Diameter B Groove Diameter A +.013 .065 to .566 .115 .005 0.159 .489 ± .000 .128 .070 ± .116 . 017 .621 2.024 1.614 ± .191 1.121 4.379 2.503 .871 3.241 1.com 1. 49 www.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.253 .129 2.753 .928 1.746 .866 2.009 1.000 .023 1.129 3.746 1.301 ± .129 1.121 3.246 1.878 .040 2.013 1.000 Rod Bore Diameter Groove Width D G +.996 2.503 .051 ± .009 1.042 3.114 ± . O.024 3.003 .011 1.991 2.020 2.032 1.621 1.871 2.378 .038 2.489 ± .190 .011 1.018 2.441 1.045 3.364 ± . ± Tol.239 ± .015 1.504 1.629 1.739 ± .246 2.996 1.879 2.027 3.013 1.371 3.753 .121 2.741 2.applerubber.801 ± .371 1.253 .020 3.379 1.016 .379 3.316 1.004 1.003 +.004 2.366 1.629 3.021 .621 3.066 .378 .009 .116 1.933 .308 1.803 .003 -.991 4.871 .716.241 3.053 1.121 1.009 0.754 2.026 1.020 2.628 .871 1.019 . W.013 1.996 .489 ± .989 ± .6560 (International) .754 .315 .129 .753 .504 2.746 2.075 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.009 0.800.878 .010 1.866 1.828.864 ± .004 .816 .003 .940 .741 1.614 ± .489 ± .371 2.003 .036 2.027 1.693 .024 3.035 2.034 2.039 2.616 2.628 .754 1.989 ± .114 ± .176 ± .Seal Types & Gland Design Table G Rotary O-Ring Seal Gland Dimensions Under 900 PSI O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number I.065 .018 2.015 2.739 ± .684.741 3.037 2.239 ± .010 1.989 ± .183 1.366 2.433 1.926 ± .989 ± .496 2.D.011 1.004 -. (ref) Tolerance Shaft Diameter B Groove Diameter A +.491 1.024 3.739 ± .741 .364 ± .628 .018 .491 3.739 ± .991 3.864 ± .614 ± .616 1.128 .254 1.503 .753 .041 2. ± Tol.491 2.254 2.020 .018 2.116 2.866 .031 1.808 .864 ± .000 .070 ± .496 1.010 1.879 .058 .043 3.000 -.991 1.003 0.241 2.879 1.044 3.815 .616 .629 2.879 3.022 .003 -.941 .030 1.025 1.033 1.678 .027 4.028 1.676 ± .878 .009 0.178 1.239 ± .128 .018 2.253 .001 +.018 2.D.303 1.029 1. 318 .119 .864 1.239 1.376 .005 0.174 ± . ± Tol.108 .933 .051 1. bearing length should be 10 times the cross section of the O-ring used I.313 .121 1.364 .376 .188 .176 .808 .245 1.106 .438 .130 .123 1.308 .693 .183 1.010 1.245 .501 .102 .674 ± .495 1.005 0.313 .989 1.426 1.380 .568 1.501 .083 .424 ± .015 1.010 1.801 .001 +.117 .943 .051 .626 .737 ± .049 ± .115 .251 .402 .012 1.012 1.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.380 1.563 .118 .208 .114 .612 ± .614 .058 .000 .818 .010 1.112 ± .125 1.870 .128 1.684.614 1.005 0.009 0.800.808 1.112 .987 ± .443 .880 .095 .122 1.143 ± .995 .015 1.012 1.110 .001 .255 1.876 .745 1. W.683 1.799 ± .558 1.433 .489 1.924 ± .068 .012 1.176 1.349 .620 . www.188 .015 1.505 1.105 .131 1.745 .308 1.108 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.412 .com 1.012 1.124 1.683 .6560 (International) 50 .551 .487 ± .364 1.206 ± .287 .000 Tolerance Rod Bore Diameter Groove Width D G +.255 .620 1.193 .688 4 +.549 ± .120 .005 0.880 1.318 1.000 .116 .104 . do not locate groove in shaft Locate seal as close as possible to lubricating fluid Feet per minute = (RPM x shaft diameter (inches) x 3.111 .113 . 1 Due to centrifugal force.630 1.443 1.301 .004 -.495 .009 0.626 .005 .716.676 1.362 ± .003 -.674 ± .676 .126 1.1416) / 12 To allow for heat transfer.005 0.549 ± .114 .828.438 .005 0.126 .174 ± .010 1.568 .010 1.012 1.870 1.063 . ± Tol.220 .063 .693 1.370 1.130 1.) 1/2 E 16 B 32 32 D 32 L G A NOTE: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) M Table G Rotary O-Ring Seal Gland Dimensions Under 900 PSI O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number  6 RMS rod finish max.612 ± .109 .551 1.426 .251 .370 .107 .081 ± .299 ± .558 .688 .237 ± . O.926 1.938 .813 .009 0.114 1.D.120 .751 .005 0. (ref) Shaft Diameter B Groove Diameter A +.Dynamic Gland Detail Finishes are RMS values 0o to 5o (Typ.862 ± .563 .755 .299 ± .112 ± .301 1.003 -.339 .129 1.362 ± .424 ± .630 .005 0.005 .005 0.145 .239 .487 ± .103 ± .277 .000 -.103 .505 .D.003 0.005 0.applerubber.489 .818 1.433 1.157 .755 1.005 0.237 ± .739 .049 ± .126 .127 1.010 1. 487 ± .501 .153 3.017 2.022 3.989 4. 51 Shaft Diameter B www.683 4.751 .140 2.022 2.163 5.135 1.068 1.151 2.943 3.162 5.022 2.193 3. W.121 1.318 2.131 1.058 2.828.881 2.552 2.183 6.927 2.933 4.112 ± .943 2.989 3.246 2.737 ± .433 2.138 2.506 2.989 5.813 .237 ± .989 6.439 .550 ± .751 .024 3.987 ± .137 2.144 2.146 2.006 2.175 ± .148 2.237 ± .800.000 -.864 2.943 1.314 .933 1.489 5.251 .183 4.035 6.022 3.020 2.004 -.939 .739 4.052 2.251 .035 5.132 1.155 3.756 2.693 3.D.157 4.001 .739 3.925 ± .933 3.028 3.818 2.000 .142 2.871 2.237 ± .689 .030 4.035 5.496 2.443 3.568 2. ± Tol.564 .501 .143 2.987 ± .150 2.487 ± .693 5.433 5.614 2.239 5.371 2.141 2.746 2.677 2.000 +.020 2.020 2.058 1.751 .160 5.239 4.427 2.154 3.126 .108 .558 2.737 ± .489 3.017 2.864 3.862 ± .799 ± .308 2.987 ± .001 .737 ± .028 4.114 2.256 2.003 -.876 .015 .251 .005 1.364 2.015 2.001 +.156 4.626 .737 ± .147 2.6560 (International) .020 2.139 2.814 . ± Tol.362 ± .239 2.017 2.501 .376 .035 5.693 2.683 3.017 2.739 5.987 ± .024 3.D.145 2.487 ± .737 ± .443 4.183 3.com 1.015 2.024 3.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.237 ± .017 2.183 2.989 2.995 1.183 5.136 1.193 2.003 -.501 .applerubber.684.193 4.152 3.621 2.443 4.050 ± . (ref) Tolerance Groove Diameter A Rod Bore Diameter Groove Width D G +.716.612 ± .300 ± . O.003 1.443 5.862 ± .134 1.933 5.489 2.161 5.193 1.001 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.030 4.425 ± .017 2.Seal Types & Gland Design Table G Rotary O-Ring Seal Gland Dimensions Under 900 PSI O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number I.302 2.933 2.996 2.751 .802 2.064 .001 .487 ± .001 .489 4.020 2.035 5.159 4.987 ± .068 2.683 5.381 2.239 3.149 2.739 2.739 1.943 5.193 5.800 ± .801 1.675 ± .030 4.943 4.808 2.443 2.158 4.433 3.177 2.251 .693 4.631 2.103 ± .133 1.751 .683 2.020 2.189 .000 +.876 . 752 .218 1.923 1.887 .001 +.449 1.861 1.359 ± .127 .689 1.020 2. ± Tol.423 1.002 1.502 .000 .296 ± .005 .512 .421 ± .199 .111 2.512 2.439 .984 ± .215 1.548 .564 .109 ± .637 .574 1.015 2.012 1.046 ± .236 2.236 1.627 .262 1.002 .173 1.762 2.216 1.002 .252 1.939 .234 ± .012 1. do not locate groove in shaft Locate seal as close as possible to lubricating fluid Feet per minute = (RPM x shaft diameter (inches) x 3.010 1.859 ± .252 2.206 0.000 -.814 .637 2.) 1/2 E 16 B 32 32 D 32 L G A NOTE: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) M Table G Rotary O-Ring Seal Gland Dimensions Under 900 PSI O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number  6 RMS rod finish max.002 .716.421 ± .230 2.377 2.877 .486 2.734 ± . W.627 . 1 Due to centrifugal force.009 0.828.221 1.252 .012 1.144 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.361 2.127 .D.798 1.202 0.005 0.007 0.189 .564 1.986 1.796 ± .010 1.439 .005 0.Dynamic Gland Detail Finishes are RMS values 0o to 5o (Typ.361 1.752 .139 ± .609 ± .699 .921 ± .314 1.609 ± .009 0.861 2.201 0.877 .252 .439 .234 ± .296 ± .000 Tolerance Rod Bore Diameter Groove Width D G +. (ref) Shaft Diameter B Groove Diameter A +.939 .484 ± .127 . ± Tol.734 ± .205 0.228 2.627 .673 .689 .210 0.877 1.502 .324 1.189 .684.984 ± .814 .004 0.171 ± .449 .012 1.012 1.502 4 +.486 .752 2.689 .377 .064 .949 .377 .637 1.361 .502 1.262 .015 1.020 2.222 1.015 1.887 1.229 2.005 0.209 0.212 0.627 1.439 1.512 1.004 -.359 ± .699 1.298 1.236 .611 .203 0.005 0.005 0.859 ± .048 1.012 .671 ± .207 0.986 2.000 .486 1.189 .224 1.225 1.877 .298 .502 .217 1.018 2.010 1. bearing length should be 10 times the cross section of the O-ring used I.223 1.627 2.213 0.111 1.010 1.546 ± .484 ± .314 .171 ± .423 .762 1. O.173 .359 ± .020 2.204 0.752 .574 .064 .824 .1416) / 12 To allow for heat transfer.752 1.387 2.227 2.219 1.137 1.314 .387 1.220 1.611 1.736 2.736 1. www.D.127 1.377 1.234 ± .800.com 1.211 0.484 ± .003 -.377 .7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.018 2.109 ± .564 .137 .applerubber.252 .6560 (International) 52 .214 0.018 2.074 .003 -.502 2.208 0.226 1.012 1.010 1.012 1.010 1.762 . 736 5.387 4.252 3.512 4.627 .637 4.030 4.986 6.609 ± .232 2.111 3.020 .000 -.502 .127 2.859 ± .252 5.024 3.986 5.252 .D.486 4.127 5.627 .859 ± .028 4.035 5.035 5.734 ± .502 5.377 .859 ± .887 5.257 5.254 5.611 3.012 3.137 5.127 4.637 5.109 ± .486 5. ± Tol.609 ± .627 5.030 4.139 ± .030 5.361 3.611 2.012 5.611 5.861 6.234 ± .012 4.238 3.002 .240 3.237 3.244 4.111 4.387 5.986 4.877 2.262 5.012 2.255 5.502 4.6560 (International) .877 4.877 .028 4.361 4.035 6.262 3.137 3.127 .502 3.028 3.877 .377 .377 .127 . O.035 5.127 .609 ± .484 ± .359 ± .245 4.242 3.752 .030 4.736 4.109 ± .002 .002 3.828.262 2.627 3.111 5.com 1.004 2.861 4.877 .486 3.028 4.359 ± .235 3.236 3.887 3.252 5.241 3. 53 www.984 ± .144 .609 ± .246 4.004 -.247 4.236 5.applerubber.234 ± .512 3.000 +.236 3.502 .233 2.024 3.001 +.752 .250 4.502 .252 6.387 3.484 ± .736 6.762 5.024 3.377 4.986 3.035 5.611 4.002 *Note: The current revision of the Standard is “C” but it changes periodically.716.127 3.109 ± .762 4.800.Seal Types & Gland Design Table G Rotary O-Ring Seal Gland Dimensions Under 900 PSI O-ring Dimensions AS-568* Number I.627 .877 3.003 -.627 4.D.361 5.239 3.248 4.002 .887 4.984 ± .137 2.752 .028 4.752 .877 5.002 5.512 5.035 5.752 4.137 4. ± Tol.377 5.484 ± .359 ± .253 5.734 ± .762 3.231 2.234 ± .024 3.734 ± .249 4.002 2.859 ± .861 3.024 3.861 5.736 3.000 +.030 4.256 5.377 3.258 5.035 6.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.252 .251 5.262 4.002 4.734 ± .627 .003 -.234 2.252 .752 5.236 4.000 .984 ± . W.035 5.752 3.877 .024 3.035 6.035 5.243 4.252 4.684.024 3.637 3.984 ± . (ref) Tolerance Shaft Diameter B Groove Diameter A Rod Bore Diameter Groove Width D G +.887 2. leakage and system contamination.1 www.5 Critical Operating Environmental Factors Chemical Compatibility Regardless of all other critical design factors.800. If the O-ring cannot resist increasingly high pressure.6560 (International) 54 .applerubber. This motion blocks the diametrical clearance gap between the mating surfaces and forms the seal. A primary step in O-ring selection. therefore. part of the O-ring will be forced (extruded) into the diametrical gap. causing the cross section to distort (See Illustration 5. This condition leads to premature failure. Differential pressure does aid in sealing potential by compensating for the elastomer’s tendency to assume a compression set over time.716. O-rings operate optimally within a certain range of pressure.com 1.684. the O-ring will eventually fail.applerubber. which reduces O-ring compression and utility.2) • the use of back-up rings to block the diametrical clearance gap and provide support for the O-ring • reducing the diametrical clearance gap dimension • lowering of system pressure Effect of Pressure Without Backup Rings Extrusion With Backup Rings Zero Pressure Zero Pressure 500 PSI Pressure 500 PSI Pressure 1000 PSI Pressure 1000 PSI Pressure 1500 PSI Pressure 1500 PSI Pressure 3000 PSI Pressure 3000 PSI Pressure Illustration 5. The Effect of Pressure Differential pressure affects an O-ring by forcing it to the low pressure side of the gland. refer to the “Chemical Compatibility” table on our website www. is to match your application’s chemicals with the O-ring material that offers the best chemical resistance.828. if the basic composition of the O-ring material is not compatible with its chemical environment.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.com.1). Methods commonly used to prevent O-ring extrusion under pressure include: 5 • increasing the O-ring hardness (durometer) (See Illustration 5. To do this. The use of two back-up rings (one on each side of the rings) is preferred.684. or reduce diametrical clearance.Critical Operating Environmental Factors Use of Back-Up Rings Examples As shown in Illustration 5.applerubber. A. Increase hardness. www. This will help prevent installation errors. If the point representing the intersection of the lines of sealed pressure and diametrical clearance falls to the right of the material’s hardness curve.800.3.016". use back-up rings.O-Ring CS • 1- 10 100 + % Stretch Illustration 5. Extrusion Limit Intersection of sealed pressure and diametrical clearance lines falls to the right of material hardness curve. Diametrical clearance of . B. Additionally.2. regardless of pressure direction. and cross section.000 psi. Diametrical clearance of . either the material hardness must be increased. O-ring CS Reduced Due to Stretch (calculated) CSR = O-Ring CS . Sealed pressure of 1. These relationships are demonstrated in Illustration 5. Material hardness of 80 Shore A. Seal Compression (Squeeze) O-ring compression is a result of three factors: the force applied to compress the seal. Sealed pressure of 1. assuring that the clearance gap is always correctly blocked.000 psi. O-ring stretch affects seal compression by reducing cross section. otherwise. durometer. Intersection of sealed pressure and diametrical clearance lines falls to the left of material hardness curve.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. Rule of Thumb 55 When using only one back-up ring be sure to install it on the low pressure side of the O-ring. the extrusion limit of O-rings under pressure is determined by the size of the diametrical clearance gap and the hardness of the O-ring material. which reduces the sealing potential of the O-ring.016".2 The calculated value assumes the O-ring volume does not change and the cross-section remains round when stretched.828.6560 (International) . Material hardness of 70 Shore A. This is acceptable. or the diametrical clearance reduced.com 1.716. This relationship is demonstrated in the equation below. back-up rings will be required. 103 Cross Section 30% 40% . Illustration 5.9 1 and omitted durometers can be inferred from the generally linear relationship between the amount of applied compressive force and seal compression.070 Cross Section Illustration 5.3 is comprised of a great deal of information regarding O-ring compression.139 Cross Section .3 www.6560 (International) 56 .com 1.275 Cross Section .7 .4 .2 .5 . 60 60 90 70 70 80 80 70 60 70 70 80 80 80 50 90 90 60 50 50 90 60 60 90 50 70 60 90 70 70 80 60 80 80 70 70 80 80 50 90 90 90 50 60 60 60 70 2 60 50 70 50 50 50 90 80 50 70 60 90 60 80 70 50 70 80 60 90 80 50 60 3 80 90 4 5 6 7 8 9 100 80 60 70 50 70 80 80 60 70 90 70 90 80 80 90 50 60 90 70 90 50 70 90 50 80 60 90 90 70 90 80 2 90 3 4 5% . Nonstandard cross sections . durometer and cross section.8 .828.6 .800.1 body of the graph are the various durometers for standard cross sections. Within the .716.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.applerubber.210 Cross Section 10% 20% PERCENT COMPRESSION .684.3 Calculating Seal Compression 50 60 60 FORCE APPLIED PER LINEAR INCH OF SEAL IN POUNDS 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 50 60 70 50 70 80 80 70 60 50 60 80 90 50 50 90 50 2 5 50 . Once a system is up and running. Groove Width: By increasing the groove width. It can cause excessively high hydraulic pressures to develop. more heat is generated from increased friction which causes additional swelling and seal failure. Once swelling occurs.684.828. 57 Lubrication: Seal adhesion can be minimized by the use of lubrication. graphite. Gland Machining: An optimum finished surface of 8 to 16 RMS will help control friction. Methods Used to Control Friction Squeeze: Both running and breakout friction are reduced when squeeze is reduced. Teflon® has a very low coefficient of friction. Pressure: Decrease system pressure to reduce the amount of running friction. Compatibility between the elastomer and lubricant should be predetermined to avoid seal shrinkage or swelling. in combination with high system pressures. to lower the coefficient of friction. This pressure can tear portions of the seal that adhere to the gland wall when machine movement has been stopped for an extended period of time. Teflon®.com 1. For more complete information on individual materials see Section 6. the seal will be allowed more room to expand perpendicular to the compressive force.716.6560 (International) . Finishes below 5 RMS will not hold the lubricant because it eliminates micropores. High running friction. may also produce excessive wear in soft metal parts.applerubber.Critical Operating Environmental Factors The Effects of Friction BREAKOUT FRICTION is an important consideration in intermittently moving applications. Durometer (Hardness): Breakout friction decreases with DECREASING hardness. For example. whereas dynamic seals are from 10% to only 30%. etc.800. Material: Materials vary in their friction and wear properties. www. In continuously moving applications. which results in O-ring swell. Compound Additives: Rubber can be compounded with additives such as oils. Rule of Thumb Static seal cross sections are generally compressed from 10% to 40%.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. the designer must then consider seal RUNNING FRICTION as a potential source of problems. Running friction decreases with INCREASING hardness. excessive running friction can cause heat to develop. Cross Section: O-rings with smaller cross sections tend to produce less friction. For quick reference.6560 (International) 58 . Cold temperatures.828.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.800. A specific compound may not have the full temperature range shown. Extreme cold also affects O-rings by making them brittle and less flexible.4 32 25 46 o -40 C -40oF 80 175 80 34 30 34 30 70 158 46 46 25 13 65 85 50 58 25 13 -100oC -148oF AF – TETRAFLUOROETHYLENE/PROPYLENE (AFLAS) CP – CAST POLYURETHANE BN – NITRILE (BUNA-N) MP – MILLABLE POLYURETHANE EP – ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE BU – BUTYL CR – CHLOROPRENE (NEOPRENE) TH – POLYSULFIDE (THIOKOL) ZT – HYDROGENATED NITRILE EH – EPICHLOROHYDRIN VT – FLUOROCARBON KA – PERFLUOROELASTOMER SL – SILICONE NA – NATURAL RUBBER FS – FLUOROSILICONE VA – ETHYLENE ACRYLIC (VAMAC) SB – SBR TF – POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE (TEFLON) PY – POLYACRYLATE www. without proper material selection to resist the effect of extreme cold. “Material Selection Guide. which may render them non-functional. always attempt to keep the O-ring application within the temperature ranges listed on the individual material data sheets shown in Section 6.716. 5 Typical O-ring Material Working Temperature Ranges 230 446 230 446 204 400 o 175 C 347oF 135oC 275oF 125 257 170 338 KA 150 150 o 150 C 302oF 135 275 10 14 40 40 40 -60oC -76oF -60 C -76oF o 25 13 40 40 -55oC -67oF -60oC -76oF Illustration 5. taking a permanent compression set (deformation of shape) within the gland. typical O-ring material working temperature ranges are as shown in Illustration 5. This chart refers to the range of temperatures for families of compounds. excessive heat degrades O-ring materials physically and/or chemically. Excessive heat is known to cause O-ring materials to both swell and harden.” The Effect of Temperature Over time. results in O-ring shrinkage and possible leakage due to a reduction in surface contact. The red bar graph section designates the range provided by special compounds.For optimum sealing performance.applerubber.com 1.684.4. the tolerances of ALL the parts in contact with the O-ring must be considered in order to create an effective seal.006 0.716. Tolerance Stack-Up Graph 0. the groove diameter tolerance is ± 0. This can result in too much or too little compression which can cause the O-ring to fail.012".002 0 O-ring c/s Illustration 5.6560 (International) .5 59 Groove Ø Item Bore Ø Total www.030".002". it is easy to see that the tolerance stack-up is nearly half the size of the O-ring. The combination of these tolerances is the tolerance stack-up. and the bore diameter tolerance is ± 0.012 Tolerance Range 0.com 1.004 0.Critical Operating Environmental Factors Tolerance Stack-Up In any sealing application.684.5 shows a situation where the O-ring cross section tolerance is ± 0.800.828. If the nominal O-ring size is 0. Illustration 5.003".applerubber.010 0.008 0.001". In this example the metal and O-ring dimensions can vary up to 0.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. Why Does Rubber Act “Rubbery”? Rubber is considered highly viscous liquid or an elastic solid. Also. physical properties are enhanced and the compound is more resistant to deterioration. The base monomer or monomers is used to classify the type of rubber.716. Every compound has specific characteristics and many compounds have common attributes. Carbon black is one of the most common fillers because it reinforces the molecular structure. as opposed to thermoset polymers where the process is irreversible.828. which allow rubber to be so resilient. Antidegradants.applerubber. these tangled chains uncoil and recoil when the force is released. Determination of the amount of compression set is governed by ASTM designation D395 test procedure. For example. thermal. fillers and plasticizers. when heated. Failure of the seal to return to its original shape after compression is the condition termed “compression set” and all seals exhibit some degree of compression set. Thermoset polymers become permanently “set” in the presence of heat and do not soften in the presence of subsequent heating. as compound availability is customer driven. retard the deterioration of rubber products.800. flexible polymeric chains of rubber. which results in an entangled mass of contorted chains.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. When a deformation of the rubber occurs. colors or any other miscellaneous ingredients may also be added. a thermoplastic material will soften when heated (and eventually liquefy) and harden when cooled. such as oils and plasticizers. What is Vulcanization? The long. These elastomers form the base of a wide variety of compounds. react with vulcanizing agents to form three-dimensional structures. lead time may vary. modify rubber to aid in mixing or molding operations. Also. designated for specific applications.com 1. elastic rebound or rubbery behavior is possible due to contortions of long. How is Rubber Made? The base polymer is the primary component of all rubber recipes and is selected in order to obtain specific chemical and physical properties in the final product. Once the rubber has been vulcanized or “cured”. for example: Nitrile. it is important to consider all aspects of the compound prior to use. Therefore. This process is reversible and repeatable. Polymers are long molecular chains and are derived from the Greek “poly” (many) and “meros” (parts). such as antioxidants and antiozonants. Lubricants. the addition of fillers can reinforce or modify properties. This section contains descriptions of the elastomers used in seal applications. or additional plasticizer can increase elongation and lower durometer. 6 What is the difference between a Thermoset and Thermoplastic? One classification method of polymeric materials is according to physical properties at elevated temperatures. Processing aids and softeners. vulcanization agents.684. and chemical properties as well as better dimensional stability than thermoplastic elastomers.6560 (International) 60 . flexible polymeric chains. These vulcanizing agents (usually sulfur or peroxide) are necessary to facilitate chemical crosslinking of polymeric chains. www. What is Compression Set? Elastic recovery is a measure of the elastomer’s ability to return to its original shape once a compressive force has been removed. This is why thermoset (rubber) parts are generally preferred for sealing applications. The polymeric chains in rubber tend to be very long and flexible by nature and can rotate about their axis. Therefore. What is a Rubber Compound? Rubber is composed of many different ingredients that include the base elastomer. Sulfur is one of the most widely used vulcanizing agents to promote crosslinking which is used in conjunction with accelerators and accelerator activators to reduce cure times and enhance physical properties. Silicone or Neoprene. Conversely.6 Material Selection Guide Basic Concepts of Rubber What is “Rubber”? “Rubber” refers to elastomeric compounds that consist of various monomer units forming polymers that are heat cured (vulcanized). thermoset polymers possess superior mechanical. and silicone fluids and greases. It is good with MEK. Butyl is a copolymer of isobutylene and isoprene and has largely been replaced by Ethylene Propylene since its introduction. (Dry Heat Only) Hardness (Shore A): 40 to 90. Because Nitrile is economically competitive with Neoprene.. Chlorobutyl and Bromobutyl have better resistance.. and reasonable production cost.applerubber. BE Apple Compound Designation: CR Trade Name(s): Exxon Butyl . BA Apple Compound Designation: BU Standard Color: Black Description: An all-petroleum product. Bayer Polymer Standard Color: Black ASTM D1418 Designation: IIR ASTM D2000/SAE J200 Type.800.684.cfm ASTM D1418 Designation: CR Butyl ASTM D2000/SAE J200 Type.. outstanding physical toughness. it has largely replaced Neoprene® in the O-rings of today. Limitations: Because it is a petroleum product. Neoprene is also widely accepted as a preferred material for refrigeration seals. DuPont Performance Elastomers Baypren . 61 Description: One of the earliest of the synthetic materials to be developed as an oil-resistant substitute for Natural Rubber. Bayer Please see the Seal Design Guide Online for the full “Chemical Compatibility” table. and generally has superior performance characteristics in most situations.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. Class: BC. esters. Neoprene is a homopolymer of chloroprene (chlorobutadiene). Key Use(s): Highly effective in vacuum sealing applications.716. sunlight and oxygen aging.. Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -40°F to +250°F.6560 (International) . www. www. It also features good to excellent resistance to ozone and sunlight aging. Recommended for exposure to weathering. Butyl is often utilized in seals for hydraulic systems using synthetic fluids. Halogenated butyl has been introduced to expand oil and chemical resistance to this polymer.Material Selection Guide Chemical Compatibility Table Chloroprene (Neoprene) Trade Name(s): Neoprene . aromatic and nitro hydrocarbons. Preferred sealing material for refrigeration industry. good resistance to ozone. Class: AA. Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -50°F to +250°F. chlorinated. Hardness (Shore A): 30 to 90 Features: With outstanding low permeability to gases. Good seal for hydraulic systems. relatively low compression set. Features: Neoprene can be used in innumerable sealing applications due to its broad base of such desirable working properties as: good resistance to petroleum oils.com/login/index. Special Compounds: -67°F to +250°F. Limitations: Neoprene is generally attacked by strong oxidizing acids. Exxon Chemical Polysar Butyl . ketones. These polymers have been accepted by the medical industry for stoppers and septumns for pharmaceutical applications.828. Only slightly affected by oxygenated solvents and other polar liquids.. Butyl is especially effective in vacuum sealing applications. good resilience.. Butyl further features excellent shock dampening capabilities.applerubber. Key Use(s): Numerous component uses in the transportation field.. Butyl has poor resistance to hydrocarbon solvents and oils. Due to its excellent resistance to Freon® and ammonia. and diester-based lubricants..com 1. Vamac® features excellent heat resistance. Vamac® exhibits properties similar to those of polyacrylate.500 psi.com 1. EG. With a maximum reinforced tensile strength of 2. esters.828.716. 6 Key Use(s): Seals for automotive applications. brake fluids and phosphate esters.6560 (International) 62 . Zeon ASTM D1418 Designation: CO. tear resistance. excellent resistance to ozone and weathering. and terpolymer (GECO) formats. aromatic hydrocarbons.. ECO ASTM D2000/SAE J2000 TYPE.Epichlorohydrin Trade Name(s): Hydrin .. such as automatic transmissions and power steering systems.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. DuPont Dow Elastomers ASTM D1418 Designation: AEM Apple Compound Designation: EH ASTM D2000/SAE J200 Type. CLASS: CH Ethylene/Acrylic (Vamac ) ® Trade Name(s): Vamac® . Good replacement to butyl when gas permeability and oil resistance are needed. EA Standard Color: Black Apple Compound Designation: VA Description: Available in homopolymer (CO). with a small amount of a third monomer added to provide a cure to active groups in the polymer chain. gasoline. EF.684. Limitations: Compression set is only “fair” at elevated temperatures (250°F to 275°F). Description: A copolymer of ethylene and methyl acrylate. Limitations: Vamac® is not recommended for exposure to concentrated acids. (Dry Heat Only) Hardness (Shore A): 50 to 90.” Resistance to water. Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -13°F to +338°F. outstanding resistance to ozone and sunlight aging. Standard Color: Black Key Use(s): Ideal for fuel and air conditioning system components.. and is not recommended for exposure to brake fluids. chlorinated and nitro hydrocarbons. abrasion resistance and compression set resistance are all rated as “good.800. and stable cycling from low to high temperature. dilute acids and alkalis is also good. copolymer (ECO). Epichlorohydrin is attacked by ketones. moderate resistance to swelling in oils. flex life. Features: Ideal for automotive sealing uses. ketones. Used in the petroleum industry where a little higher temperature capability than NBR is required. Hardness (Shore A): 50 to 90 Features: Epichlorohydrin features excellent resistance to hydrocarbon oils and fuels. but with an extended low temperature limit and better mechanicals. Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -40°F to 275°F. and very low permeability to gases. www. aldehydes.applerubber. Epichlorohydrins are oil resistant compounds. Class: EE. Vamac®’s mechanical properties of adhesion to metals. low solvent and gas permeability. engine coolant mixtures (glycols).. Base resistant grades offer improved resistance to amine based oil protectants found in new transmission oils.828. They are also not recommended for situations requiring good low temperature flexibility. hot hydrofluoric or chlorosulfonic acids. Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -40°F to +275°F.. ® Apple Compound Designation: VT Description: A copolymer of ethylene and propylene (EPR). Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -13°F to +446°F. some compounds of EP are good for brake fluid applications. DuPont Performance Elastomers Fluorel . Features: High fluorine grades offer higher resistance to swell in high octane and oxygenated fuel blends. high temperature service can reach +302°F. Hardness (Shore A): 45 to 90.. Hardness (Shore A): 40 to 95.e. Class: AA. USA ASTM D1418 Designation: EPDM ASTM D1418 Designation: FKM ASTM D2000/SAE J200 Type. Special Compound: -76°F to 302°F. Water applications. improved resistant to steam for higher temperature services. For instance. Viton® Extreme™ ETP offers similar chemical compatibility as Kalrez™ with temperature resistance to +446°F.applerubber. or Skydrol® fluids. New polymers being offered have improved chemical resistance and low temperature performance.Material Selection Guide Ethylene-Propylene Fluorocarbon (Viton ) Trade Name(s): Nordel . 3M Company Technoflon . Solvey Solexis. DA ASTM D2000/SAE Type. DSM Elastomers Royalene . low molecular weight esters and ethers. MEK and Acetone). Special Compounds: -40°F to +446°F. Fluorocarbonbased compounds approach the ideal for a universal O-ring material.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1..800. Ethylene Propylene has gained wide seal industry acceptance for its excellent ozone and chemical resistance characteristics.6560 (International) . it is meant that some compounds which include that elastomer are acceptable. Also. Class: HK Apple Compound Designation: EP Standard Color: Black Standard Color: Black Description: Combining high temperature resistance with outstanding chemical resistance. not all. Limitations: Fluorocarbons are not recommended for exposure to ketones..684. Features: When compounded using peroxide curing agents. Hard vacuum service. Seals for automotive fuel handling systems. using new polymer technologies. Key Use(s): Seals for aircraft engines.. Wide chemical exposure situations. This gives superior performance in Ethanol/Methanol blended gasoline. BA.com 1. Limitations: Have no resistance to hydrocarbon fluids..716. Key Use(s): Outdoor weather resistant uses. but most are not acceptable. High temperature/ low compression set applications. nitro hydrocarbons. CA. Low torque drive belts. Low temperature bases can improve performance to -40°F.. Automobile cooling systems. provide improved low temperature performance with a TR(10) of -40°F and brittleness to -76°F. Dow Chemical Kaltan . amines.. Special compounds. Rule of Thumb 63  hen it is said that an elastomer is good for an W application. combined with a third comonomer adiene (EPDM).. Good resistance to acids and solvents (i.. Automotive brake systems. Chemtura Corporation Trade Name(s): Viton® ... www. . possible benefits include fulfillment of USP Class VI and ISO 10993 requirements. fluorosilicone compounds are suitable for exposure to air.684. Liquid silicone rubber is widely used to mold complex profiles because of its excellent flow characteristics..828. Dow Corning Corporation FSE . ozone.Fluorosilicone Liquid Silicone Rubber (LSR) Trade Name(s): Silastic LS . Featuring good compression set and resilience properties. Primarily for static sealing applications. Limitations: Due to limited physical strength. and high friction characteristics preclude silicones from effectively sealing some dynamic applications. embrittlement from gamma sterilization.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. due to its excellent fuel resistance and high temperature stability. sunlight. Class: FK Apple Compound Designation: FS Standard Color: Blue Description: Fluorosilicone combines the good high and low temperature stability of Silicones with the fuel. Momentive Performance Materials LSR is a low viscosity silicone elastomer intended for use in liquid injection molding (LIM) equipment.applerubber. chlorinated and aromatic hydrocarbons.. high transparency and is easily colored. It offers high thermal stability and flexibility at low temperatures. Limited medical grade pigments are available. Auto fuel emission control systems. and solvent resistance of Fluorocarbons. They are predominately designed for static sealing use. Although generally specified for aerospace use. hydrazine. sterilizable with EtO/steam.716. Key Use(s): Aerospace fuel systems. Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -75°F to +400°F.6560 (International) 64 . Features: Fluorosilicone is most often used in aerospace applications for systems requiring fuel and/ or diester-based lubricant resistance up to 400°F.com 1.800. 6 Limitations: Generally. low abrasion and tear resistance. ASTM D1418 Designation: FVMQ ASTM D2000/SAE J200 Type. poor abrasion resistance. Also. Fluorosilicone is becoming an increasingly popular material for a wider range of sealing applications. Medical Grade Silicone When properly prepared. oil. Hardness (Shore A): 40 to 80. Fluorosilicone elastomers are not generally recommended for dynamic sealing. Also. They are also not recommended for exposure to brake fluids. or ketones. Silicones are also highly permeable to gases and are generally not recommended for exposure to ketones (MEK. this grade of silicone is generally transparent due to class requirements. acetone) or concentrated acids. self-lubricated and electrically conductive grades are available as well as FDA and medical compliant grades.. www. and high friction characteristics. silicone greases. Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -40°F to +257°F. hydraulic fluids. aircraft fuel systems. BK. and high abrasion resistance. Key Use(s): Oil resistant applications of all types Low temperature military uses. These plasticizers can migrate out and cause problems with certain plastics. Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -58°F to +158°F. Use of Carboxylated Nitrile can have superior abrasion resistance. high abrasion and high tear resistance properties.. Limitations: Not widely used in sealing industry due to poor compression set performance and lack of resistance to many fluids. Bayer Polymer Nysyn .. the seal industry’s most widely used and economical elastomer. Features: Natural Rubber features high tensile strength. water and alcohols. Natural Rubber was the only polymer available for O-ring manufacture. Until the invention of synthetic elastomers in the 1930’s. Eliokem ASTM D1418 Designation: NBR ASTM D2000/SAE J200 Type. BG. DSM Elastomers Chemigum .com 1. ASTM D2000/SAE J200 Type. Nitrile combines excellent resistance to petroleum-based oils and fuels. Most popular material for non-hydraulic sealing applications.. with a good balance of such desirable working properties as low compression set. Can be compounded for FDA applications.828. high resilience. Off-road equipment. Use of Carboxylated Nitrile can have superior abrasion resistance. new regulation on certain phthalates have limited their use..800. while still having improved oil resistance. with moderate resistance to aldehydes. Features: Comprised of the copolymer butadiene and acrylonitrile.applerubber..684. Key Use(s): Seals in food and beverage applications. Automotive. CH Apple Compound Designation: BN Standard Color: Black Description: Presently. Phthalate type plasticizers are commonly used in compunding Nitrile rubber.716. high tensile strength. Zeon Krynac . marine. Limitations: Nitrile compounds are attacked by small amounts of Ozone. Class: BF. with a good friction surface and excellent adhesion to metals. (Dry Heat Only) Hardness (Shore A): 40 to 90.. Class: AA Apple Compound Designation: NA Standard Color: Black Description: Natural Rubber is the vulcanized product of the juice of the Hevea tree (latex). Natural Rubber features good resistance to organic acids and alcohols. in varying proportions. while still having improved oil resistance. Special Compounds: -67°F to +275°F. Mainly used for dampeners due to its ability to absorb vibration.6560 (International) ..Material Selection Guide Natural Rubber Nitrile (Buna-N) ASTM D1418 Designation: NR Trade Name(s): Nipol . 65 www..7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. Also. (Dry Heat Only) Hardness: (Shore A): 40 to 90. Nitrile, Hydrogenated (HNBR) Trade Name(s): Zetpol ... Zeon Co., Ltd. Therban ... Bayer Perfluoroelastomer ASTM D1418 Designation: HNBR Trade Name(s): Chemraz® ... Green, Tweed & Co. Kalrez® ... DuPont Performance Elastomers Tecnoflon PFR ... Solvay Solexis ASTM D2000/SAE J200 Type, Class: DH ASTM D1418 Designation: FFKM Apple Compound Designation: ZT ASTM D2000/SAE J200 Type, Class: No Designation at Time of Publication Standard Color: Black Description: HNBR is the product of the hydrogenation of Nitrile, resulting in varying degrees of saturation of the polymeric chain, along with a range of enhanced physical strength and chemical resistance properties. Key Use(s): ALL oil resistant applications, including exposure to such oil additives as detergents, anti-oxidants and anti-wear agents. Exposure to oil soured with metal sludge. Seals for oil well applications. Seals for automotive fuel handling systems. Seals for general industrial usage. Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -30°F to +300°F. (Dry Heat Only) Special Compounds: -76°F to +347°F. Hardness (Shore A): 50 to 90 Features: Like Nitrile, increasing acrylonitrile content improves oil resistance at a cost of reduced low temperature performance. Limitations: Like Nitrile, HNBR is not recommended for exposure to ethers, esters, ketones, or chlorinated hydrocarbons. Apple Compound Designation: KA Standard Color: Black Description: FFKM parts are made from a perfluoroelastomer possessing exceptional resistance to degradation by aggressive fluids and/or gases. 6 Key Use(s): Seals for use in the chemical and petroleum industries as well as for the manufacturing of semiconductors and analytical and process instruments. It is also used for high temperature applications and for paint and coating operations. Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -13°F to +600°F. Hardness (Shore A): 65 to 90 Features: FFKM combines the toughness of an elastomeric material with the chemical inertness of Teflon®. It resists attack by nearly all chemical reagents and provides long-term service where corrosive additives can cause other elastomers to swell or degrade. In addition, FFKM parts are less likely to cold flow than Teflon seals. Limitations: Withstanding degradation by virtually ALL chemicals, FFKM can swell significantly when exposed to some fluorinated solvents, fully halogenated freons and uranium hexafluoride. In addition, FFKM parts should not be exposed to molten or gaseous alkali metals. As the thermal coefficient of expansion for FFKM is stated by the manufacturer to be “about 50% greater than for fluoroelastomers”, gland volume may have to be increased to allow for this expansion in elevated temperature situations. Because of its high cost, FFKM is generally used when no other elastomer is appropriate. www.applerubber.com 1.800.828.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.716.684.6560 (International) 66 Material Selection Guide Polyacrylate Polysulfide Trade Name(s): HyTemp ACM ... Zeon Acralen A ... Bayer Polymer Trade Name(s): Thiokol® (types A, B, FA, ST) ... Thiokol Corp. ASTM D1418 Designation: T ASTM D1418 Designation: ACM ASTM D2000/SAE J200 Type, Class: DH; DF Apple Compound Designation: PY ASTM D2000/SAE J200 Type, Class: AK, BK Apple Compound Designation: TH Standard Color: Black Standard Color: Black Description: Polyacrylates are copolymers (ethyl acrylates) possessing outstanding resistance to petroleum fuels and oils. Key Use(s): Sealing automatic transmissions & power steering systems. Sealing petroleum oils up to 300°F. Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -25°F to +300°F. Description: Another of the early developed synthetic elastomers, Polysulfide offers a remarkable combination of solvent resistance, low temperature flexibility, flex crack resistance, oxygen and ozone resistance, and gas impermeability. Key Use(s): Seals for paint and coatings and insecticide industry use. Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -50°F to +225°F. Hardness (Shore A): 40 to 90. Features: With excellent resistance to hot oil, automatic transmission and Type A power steering fluids, the greatest use for Polyacrylate is found in automobile manufacture, where O-rings of this material are employed to seal components of automatic transmission and power steering systems. Highly resistant to sunlight and ozone degradation, Polyacrylate also features an enhanced ability to resist flex cracking. Limitations: While resistance to hot air aging is superior to Nitrile, Polyacrylate strength, compression set, water resistance properties and low temperature capabilities are inferior to many other polymers. Hardness (Shore A): 50 to 80 Features: Resistant to a wide range of solvents, including ketones, ethers, and aromatic hydrocarbons. Polysulfide has gained wide acceptance as a seal material for paints and coatings, and insecticides. Limitations: With poor heat resistance, poor mechanical strength and compression set properties, Polysulfides are not as versatile as other elastomers from a performance standpoint. They are also not recommended for exposure to mercaptans, esters, amines, chlorinated or nitro hydrocarbons. Polyacrylates are also not generally recommended for exposure to alcohol, glycols, alkalis, brake fluids, or to chlorinated or aromatic hydrocarbons. 67 www.applerubber.com 1.800.828.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.716.684.6560 (International) Polytetrafluoroethyne (Teflon ) ® Trade Name(s): Teflon® ... DuPont Dow Elastomers TFM ... Dyneon ASTM D1418 Designation: FEP ASTM D2000/SAE J200 Type, Class: No designation at time of publication. Apple Compound Designation: TF Standard Color: White Description: Teflon® is a tough, chemically inert polymer possessing an incredible working temperature range. Key Use(s): Seals for wide chemical exposure situ­ ations, with special emphasis on temperature extremes. Limitations: Teflon® is hampered by very poor elastic memory at room, or low temperatures. This presents problems in O-ring installation, requiring extra care to be taken in control over O-ring I.D. stretch. Heating Teflon® in boiling water, or in a controlled oven, to 200°F is said to enable an O-ring stretch of 10 to 20% to be achieved, thereby assisting installation, and helping to assure a tight fit. Because of its poor tear resistance, during O-ring installation particular care should be taken to avoid nicking or scratching Teflon®, as imperfections will cause O-ring leakage. Finally, the tendency of virgin Teflon® to cold flow over time, when used in gasket type applications, may require special material compounding (with fillers) to control such “creep” in critical sealing situations. 6 For static and SLOW INTERMITTENT dynamic situations. Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -300°F to +450°F. Hardness (Shore A): 98. Features: Teflon® is inert to virtually all industrial chemicals, even at elevated temperatures. Seals fabricated from this material feature outstanding weather resistance, high resistance to ozone, and high resistance to the degrading effects of exposure to such solvents as acetone, MEK, and xylene. Possessing average elastomer characteristics of 2,500 to 3,500 psi tensile strength, and 300% elongation, they are tough, impact resistant, low friction, non-twisting performers over an extremely wide temperature range. www.applerubber.com 1.800.828.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.716.684.6560 (International) 68 Polaroid Hardness (Shore A): 70 and 90. and lower compression set characteristics. bumpers. 69 Features: With tensile strength of up to 6.Material Selection Guide Polyurethane. couplers. greater elongation. the physical properties of Cast Polyurethane are among the best of all O-ring elastomers. www. Limitations: Cast Polyurethanes are not recommended for exposure to concentrated acids and bases. Used for wheels. Situations where highly stressed parts are subject to wear.684. weak acids and bases.. American Cyanamid Polathane . wider temperature range.000 psi. and exceedingly high abrasion resistance.. very strong oxidizing agents. Cast Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -30°F to +175°F. slurry parts. Class: No designation at time of publication. ASTM D2000/SAE J200 Type.applerubber. They are also compatible with hydraulic fluids. Trade Name(s): Vibrathane . and mixtures containing less than 80% aromatic constituents.716. Cast Polyurethane compounds feature excellent resistance to mineral-based oils and petroleum products.. ketones. Uniroyal Cyanaprene . alcohols and ether. Although they swell slightly upon exposure.800. compression sets of 10 to 25%.. rolls. Wiper seals for axially moving piston rods.. With the exception of special compounds. they are also not recommended for exposure to hot water or steam.6560 (International) . esters. Cast Polyurethane surpasses the performance of Millable Polyurethane in its higher tensile strength. pure aromatic compounds and brake fluids. and shock absorbers. Additionally.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.com 1. Apple Compound Designation: CP Standard Color: Amber Description: Cast Polyurethane is outstanding over other O-ring elastomers in abrasion resistance and tensile strength. Key Use(s): Seals for high hydraulic pressures..828. elongation of 350 to 650%. ASTM D1418 Designation: No designation at time of publication. aliphatic solvents. Situations where highly stressed parts are subject to wear. New polymers can take short term to 600°F. esters. PMQ. Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -85°F to +400°F. Wacher Silastic . Millable Polyurethane possesses chemical compatibility similar to that of Nitrile. Special Compounds: -148°F to +400°F.. chlorinated and nitro hydrocarbons.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.684. Class: FC. 70 .. compatible with FDA regulations. Limitations: Unless specially compounded. It also has good tear resistance. Hardness (Shore A): 40 to 90 Features: Millable Polyurethane offers superior seal performance in hydraulic situations. Rule of Thumb www. made from silicon.716.. Class: BG Apple Compound Designation: MP Standard Color: Black Description: Millable Polyurethane is outstanding over most other O-ring elastomers in abrasion resistance and tensile strength. it depends on the application.com 1. PVMQ ASTM D2000/SAE J200 Type. or abrasive contamination is anticipated. within one of the widest working temperature ranges for elastomers. Momentive Performance Materials ASTM D1418 Designation: AU. ASTM D1418 Designation: MQ. GE Apple Compound Designation: SL Standard Color: Red Description: A group of elastomers. hydrocarbon fuels and hydraulic fluids. EU ASTM D2000/SAE J200 Type.. Millable Silicone Trade Name(s): Millathane® .800. the oxidizing effects of ozone. Seals for medical devices. and the aging effects of sunlight.6560 (International) Material cost does not correlate with performance. Dow Corning Silplus . losing its physical strength and chemical resistance advantages over other polymers. Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -30°F to +175°F. Tending to rapidly deteriorate when exposed to concentrated acids. ketones. TSE Industries Inc.. Trade Name(s): Elastosil . Key Use(s): Seals for high hydraulic pressures.applerubber. Millable Polyurethanes are also prone to hot water and steam degradation. 6 Key Use(s): Static seals in extreme temperature situations.. oxygen. Silicones are renowned for their retention of flexibility and low compression set characteristics.. hydrogen and carbon.Polyurethane. Hardness (Shore A): 5 to 80 Features: Phenyl (PVMQ) based silicones can perform to -148°F. VMQ. shock loads.. offering good resistance to petroleum-based oils.828. where high pressures. at elevated temperatures Millable Polyurethane begins to soften. FE. Also. www. and acetic acid... (Dry Heat Only) Temperature Range: Standard Compound: +14°F to +446°F.Material Selection Guide Styrene Butadiene Tetrafluoroethylene/Propylene (Aflas ) Trade Name(s): Too numerous to list. This material is seldom used in modern sealing applications..684. Standard Color: Black Description: A copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene/ propylene. Trade Name(s): Aflas® . Ltd. corrosion inhibitors.applerubber.com 1. It has been replaced by better performing materials. Compounded properties are similar to those of Natural Rubber. or GR-S (Government Rubber-Styrene).6560 (International) . Temperature Range: Standard Compound: -50°F to +212°F. Key Use(s): Isolation dampeners. Features: The main use for Styrene Butadiene today is in the manufacture of automobile tires.828. Asahi Glass Co. most hydrocarbons. and industrial solvents. chemical and general industrial environments. strong acids. TFE/P can offer a combination of high temperature and chemical resistance. You must test all seals in their actual environment because every application is unique. Hardness (Shore A): 40 to 90. Hardness (Shore A): 60 to 90. ketones. Class: HK Apple Compound Designation: AF Standard Color: Black Description: Also known as Buna S. high temperature and electrical capabilities give broad application diversity. Key Use(s): Seals for oil field. Features: Resistance to a wide range of chemicals. BA Apple Compound Designation: SB ASTM D2000/SAE J200 Type. Styrene Butadiene was the elastomer substituted for Natural Rubber during World War II. oils and lubricants. Dupont Performance Elastomers ® ASTM D1418 Designation: SBR ASTM D2000/SAE J200 Type. TFE/P also offer improved low temperature properties over most fluoroelastomers.. TFE/P have resistance to acids and bases. Class: AA.716.800. or ozone. steam/hot water.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. ethers. TBR .. aerospace. Limitations: SBR is not recommended for exposure to petroleum oils. TFE/P has shown to have less than desirable results when exposed to toluene. Rule of Thumb 71 ASTM D1418 Designation: FKM Limitations: Tests have shown that other FKM elastomers are recommended for automotive fuels since they have less volume swell than TFE/P. Also used throughout the automotive. the substitution of these materials for traditional thermosetting materials results in such benefits as significantly increased production speeds (via conventional plastic injection molding machines) and the ability to reuse clean scrap without a loss in physical properties. Known as two-phase systems. www. The low temperature limit is defined by the glass transition temperature of the rubber phase. and aerospace industries. couplers.6560 (International) 72 .com 1. vibrational dampers. For example. they are available in a broad range of durometers and colors and. Likewise. by adjusting the percentage of hard (plastic) segments in the copolymer matrix.828.applerubber. suggestions and recommendations contained in this book are meant to be used as a professional guide only. Because no two situations or installations are the same. This results in a reduced part cost due to minimized scrap loss.Thermoplastic Elastomers Description: Thermoplastic elastomers combine the processing advantages of plastics with the rubberlike performance of elastomers. We strongly recom­mend that the seal you select be rigorously tested in the actual application prior to production use. Consequently. to finally hard. and recommendations are necessarily general and should not be relied upon by any pur­chaser without independent verification based on the particular installation or use. This results in lowering the overall heat resistance of the copolymer. they change from weak rubber-like materials to strong elastomers. Likewise. these copolymers are comprised of both hard (plastic) and soft (elastomeric) molecular regions. above which the material softens and begins to flow. these comments. sug­gestions. to leathery materials. as temperature increases.684.800. Limitations: The physical properties of thermoplastic elastomers are highly dependent upon the properties of the plastic and elastomeric regions of the copolymer. Also. compression set increases which limits the overall component size and complexity due to stack-up tolerances. Features: In virtually all cases. as styrene content is increased in polystyrene elastomer block copolymers. ! 6 Please Note the Following: The applications.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. Key Use(s): A broad range of applications that spans from bumpers to bellows. Chemically. below which the material is brittle. Examples of this class of material are Santoprene® and Geolast® from Advanced Elastomer System (AES) and Dynaflex™ from GLS Corporation. and grommets.716. the high temperature limit is defined by the melting point of the plastic phase. major and small appliances. so does the behavior of the TPE. as temperature changes. fully-cured thermoset rubber particles are dispersed throughout a continuous thermoplastic matrix. the chemical resistance of the thermoplastic is determined by the limits of BOTH materials comprising the system. with each region contributing advantages and limitations to the final material performance. Also. glass-like products (with styrene content above 75%). the physical properties can be modified. -40 to +257 G 600 BK. Ethylene-Propylene EP EPM. XNBR BF. EPDM AA. ig Li h m its °F T e ns ile S t re ng E th M lon ax ga i m tio um n H ( Sh ard %) or ne e s A sR an g BA. BA Styrene Butadiene SB SBR E EG Polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon ®) Polyurethane. CH E Nitrile. FE. BE G AA.m a EH Epichlorohydrin A J2 ST 0 M 0 Ty D20 pe 0 0 . PMQ FC. DA E Fluorocarbon VT FKM HK F Ethylene Acrylic VA AEM (Vamac®) CO. F EG F F F-G -40 to +275 -40 to +275 -40 to +250 -50 to +250 F ra Ab pr es A t Se io n dh To al n Te a on es i M et Re si o nc ta si s rR e e nc ta si s at h W e Re er zo lR el nc ta si s O ce an s Re ne y F CH BC. EU CP MP T TF TH BG ▲ ▲ F P P AK. Millable Silicone Polysulfide R e- eb o 400 60-90 F-G F-G F BG: Nitrile (Buna-N) BN NBR. ECO CR CR Chloroprene (Neoprene®) El IIR s BU Ec P as is t W a e G Sw te r i Re s m ea St nc si s st a Ac er Butyl HK id ta e e nc rm pe Im ilit ea b Re e nc ta si s A Re li lk a nc ta si s o oh Al c nc ilie Re st o FKM A De pp si le M g n at ate io ri n al A De ST si M D g n at 141 io 8 n Tetrafluoroethylene/ AF Propylene (Aflas®) Al eu ing ip m O ha tic Ba ils Ar Hy sed om dr oc a a it rb Ha c H on yd log s ro e c n ar a Ph t bo os ed H ns ph y Po ate droc l a r S Este arbo r( olv ns S e k n y ts dr (k o® e ) yt on es ) L ls Pe ubr tro ica l t 73 General Properties Of O-Ring Elastomers . EF. BK P P G -50 to +212 G-E E F P -85 to +400 -30 to +175 -30 to +175 -300 to +450 -50 to +225 om s e C un d s F e E E e y E G E G-E G-E E G e P G 98 F-G G-E E P 5-80 G 600 40-90 P 800 G G P E G P E E G E E F P G E E P E G P P G F-E G G G-E E E E E P E P P E E P P E P P G P P P P G P P F-G P E F-G P F-P P G E G-E F-P P P P P P F-G P G-E P F P E G E G E F-E E E P F-G F-G F-G G-E P E P P F P P P P P E G-E P P F F-P P E G-E F-G E P P P P P G-E F-P P G-E F G-E F-G F-P P F-G P P P G P F-G P P P P F E F-G F-G F-P F-P P E P G E P P G G-E E G-E P F-P P P G-E P-G P-G F G P G-E G P F-P F-G G-E G P E F-P P P-G E G-E P P E G P G-E E F-G F-G E E P G-E P-G P-G F P F-G P G G G E E G E G G F-G P P-G F P G-E E E F-G P P E E P P P-G P E 500 40-90 F-G G-E G 650 70&90 G-E P-G E 300 P G F-G F-G E 40-90 F F 400 50-80 F E F G-E G-E F 65-90 G E G G G-E G-E G P-F P P 50-90 G-E G-E G 40-90 G E P E 700 40-90 E G-E E E E E 600 40-80 G G-E F-P P P-F E G E G 300 45-90 F-G G F-G G F-G E G E G F P F F-G F-P G E G-E G F-G G-E F-G F G-E E G-E G 600 40-95 G F-G F-G G F-G E 450 50-90 F 400 50-90 G G G F-G G 600 40-90 G-E F-G G-E G-E G G-E G-E F-G P G-E F-G G-E G-E G G G G-E G 800 30-90 P F-G G F-G G G-E G-E E G s E=Excellent G=Good F=Fair P=Poor ▲=No designation at time of publication Blank=Information not available or conflicting SL MQ. CA. G VMQ. C /SA la E ss AA G G-E FEP ▲ AU. ZT HNBR DH F -30 to +300 G-E 340 Hydrogenated Perfluoroelastome to KK P -13 to +600 F-G 120 (Kalrez®. BA F m on o +14 to +446 L T ow e m /H p. Chemraz® ) KA FFKM 190 Polyacrylate PY ACM DF. DH F -25 to +300 F 600 NR -58 to +158 NA P Natural Rubber P -75 to +400 FK FS Fluorosilicone FVMQ F -13 to +446 F G -13 to +338 EE. Cast Polyurethane. PVMQ GE AA. Common Military Specifications AMS AN M. Fluid & Compression Set Resistance MIL-R-25988 Class 1. Grade 60 M25988/3 (1) 60 Fluorosilicone -80 to +350 Oil & Fuel Resistant Class 1.MS NAS (Aerospace Material Specifications) (1) (Air Force/Navy Specifications) (Military Specifications) (2) (National Aeronautical Specifications) Material Specification Dash numbers correspond with the AS-568B dash numbers Dash numbers correspond with the 900 tube fitting series Numbering Series Durometer (+/-5) Base Polymer Temp. www.684. Range (°F) AMS3209 N/A 70 Neoprene -40 to +225 Weather Resistant AMS3301 N/A 40 Silicone -85 to +400 General Purpose AMS3302 N/A 50 Silicone -85 to +400 General Purpose AMS3303 N/A 60 Silicone -85 to +400 General Purpose AMS3304 MS9068 (1) 70 Silicone -85 to +400 General Purpose AMS3305 N/A 80 Silicone -85 to +400 General Purpose AMS7271 MS9020 (2) MS9021 (1) 65 Nitrile -67 to +300 Phosphate Ester Resistant AMS7277 Description N/A 70-85 Butyl -85 to +400 General purpose MIL-P-5315 MS29512 (2) MS29513 (1) 70 Nitrile -65 to +200 Hydrocarbon Fuel Resistant MIL-P-5510 MS28778 (2) 90 Nitrile -65 to +212 For Hydraulic Fluid Systems MIL-P-5516 AN6227 70 Nitrile -65 to +275 AN6230 Hydraulic Fluids MIL-H-5606 MIL-R-7362 MS29561 (1) 70 Nitrile -65 to +250 NAS617 (2) For MIL-L-7808 Fluids MIL-P-25732 MS28775 (1) 70 Nitrile -65 to +275 For Hydraulic Fluid Systems MIL-R-83248 Type 1.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.MIL. Class 1 M83248/1 (1) 75 Fluorocarbon -20 to +400 Type 1.applerubber. Grade 80 M25988/4 (1) 80 Fluorosilicone -80 to +350 Oil & Fuel Resistant ZZR-765B Class 1A & 1B Grade 40 N/A 40 Silicone -80 to +437 High Temperature & Low Compression Set Resistant Grade 50 N/A 50 Silicone -103 to +437 High & Low Temperature Resistant & Low Compression Set Resistant Same As Above Grade 60 N/A 60 Silicone -103 to +437 Grade 70 N/A 70 Silicone -103 to +437 Low Temperature & Low Compression Set Resistant ZZR-765B Class 2A & 2B Grade 40 N/A 40 Silicone -80 to +437 High Temperature & Low Compression Set Resistant Grade 50 N/A 50 Silicone -103 to +437 High & Low Temperature Resistant & Low Compression Set Resistant Grade 70 N/A 70 Silicone -80 to +437 Low Temperature & Low Compression Set Resistant Same As Above Grade 80 N/A 80 Silicone -80 to +437 ZZR-765B Class 2A Grade 60 N/A 60 Silicone -103 to +437 High & Low Temperature Resistant & Low Compression Set Resistant ZZR-765B Class 2B Grade 60 N/A 60 Silicone -80 to +437 High Temperature Resistant & Low Compression Set Resistant ZZR-765B Class 3B Grade 70 N/A 70 Silicone -94 to +392 Tear & Flex Resistant Same As Above Grade 80 N/A 80 Silicone -94 to +392 6 Note: For most current specifications.6560 (International) 74 .828. visit our website.716.800.com 1. Class 2 M83248/2 (1) 90 Fluorocarbon -20 to +400 High Temperature. Grade 70 M25988/1 (1) 70 Fluorosilicone -80 to +350 Oil & Fuel Resistant Class 1. In this regard. a variety of elastomers may be “acceptable” in a given application. Table H (O-ring Lubricant Guide). specific elastomers and actions are recommended. and reducing the O-ring’s cross section to reduce the amount of contact area (being conscious of avoiding spiral failure). IN PNEUMATIC OR VACUUM APPLICATIONS WHERE SYSTEM FLUIDS ARE PREDOMINANTLY ABSENT.” For example. Therefore. Best Choice(s) To date. surface treatment of O-rings is less essential. In some cases. Friction Standard methods employed for minimizing the effects of O-ring friction include reducing seal squeeze. for the following O-ring applications. Paraffin waxes. 75 In hydraulic systems where lubricating fluids are nearly always present.684. External Lubrication Surface treatment of O-rings with lubricants helps to protect against abrasion. homogeneously dispersed lubrication in the form of Erucanides (natural fatty acids).6560 (International) . such as Teflon®. or in the case of “equal” performance. The final material choice may be guided by the secondary operating conditions of the systems. Finally. O-RING SURFACE LUBRICATION IS MANDATORY FOR EFFECTIVE. a silicone lubricant should not be used with a silicone O-ring. Also. The lubricant. www. or additive which it contains.applerubber. SHOULD NOT cause excessive shrinkage or swelling of the O-ring compound. LOW FRICTION OPERATION AND THE PREVENTION OF SEAL LEAKAGE. O-ring surface lubricants help prevent leakage from around the seal by filling the micropores of both the O-ring and surrounding metal surfaces. Rule of Thumb Do not use a lubricant composed of the same material as the O-ring because “like” will dissolve “like. We are using the O-ring as an example. making certain to operate within stated limits. check to see that the lubricant is capable of passing through filters prior to use with the system O-rings.716.com 1. and Silicone.7 Special Elastomer Applications Optimum sealing performance has proven troublesome in certain sealing environments. by considerations of cost and availability. Fluorocarbon. make certain to select a lubricant that is compatible with both the O-ring compound and the system chemicals being used. or cutting during installation in parts assembly. helping to prevent premature seal aging and extending O-ring service life. petroleum and molybdenum disulfide have been successfully incorporated into Ethylene Propylene. pinching. if system filtration is being employed. specifying a low friction compound. check the recommended temperature range for the lubricant of choice.828. Internal Lubrication The use of internally lubricated compounds has proven especially effective in applications requiring low friction performance without the reduction of squeeze. Neoprene™.800. at the end of this section. lists a number of lubricants used with specific O-ring compounds in the application shown. surface treatment with a low friction coating.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. increasing compound hardness. but much of this information applies to other seal types. O-ring surface lubrication acts as a barrier. Teflon®. A final benefit of O-ring lubrication is the protection it offers some elastomers from the degrading effects of exposure to oxygen and ozone. Nitrile. PRECAUTIONARY NOTES: In ALL cases requiring O-ring lubrication. External lubrication helps seat the O-rings into grooves with minimum twisting and maximum assembly speed. As a general guide. Ethylene propylene.Select an O-ring made of a hard. 76 . . Rule of Thumb www. Best Choice(s) A number of special compounds have been developed to provide dependable O-ring sealing performance in high temperature situations. features excellent resistance to steam.716. and Teflon®.800.0005" TIR). Chemraz®). the following mechanical design safeguards should be considered where applicable: . Fluorosilicone.Maintain a system pressure not greater than 250 psi. Best Choice(s) In rotary applications. heat resistance. a turning shaft protrudes through the I.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. and the rotating shaft. especially in applications with shaft rotating speeds in excess of 180 surface feet per minute. High pressure applications are especially prone to failure here because room temperature tests may provide inaccurate results. continuously exposing the inside surface of the O-ring to friction-generated heat from the rotating shaft. with some Perfluoroelastomers rated to 600°F (for short periods of time). This occurs because thermoplastics are a class of polymers that are composed of individual molecules that are linear in structure and held together and crosslinked by weak.D.828.Reduce squeeze to as little as . for example.Locate the gland as close as possible to the lubricating fluid and as far away as possible from the shaft support bearings. When exposed to extremely high temperatures.D.com 1. . Over time. Any rubber compound has a point of heat failure which must be individually addressed. .Rotary Applications Extreme High Temperature Situations In rotary applications. the O-ring will initially soften and swell within the gland.684. with special resistances to particular fluids or environmental factors. NOT between the O-ring outside diameter and the gland.. self-lubricating compound. Aflas®. Perfluoroelastomers (Kalrez®. For related polymer performance properties. thermosets are cross-linked by stronger bonds more resistant to heat and pressure. intermolecular forces which can be broken by heat and pressure. prolonged exposure to high temperatures may cause partial reversion back to basic components. This can be accomplished by minimizing eccentric shaft rotation (machining shafts concentric to within 0. of the O-ring.Avoid applications requiring lower than -40°F. O-ring failure may result. An additional number of O-ring materials feature temperature resistance to 300°F. Silicone. Polyacrylate is resistant to hot oil. To help minimize O-ring heat buildup. In the case of thermoplastic materials.Provide ample diametrical clearance to increase fluid flow and dissipate heat. polymer selection is based upon abrasion resistance. which causes increased friction in dynamic applications.Assure that relative motion occurs only between the O-ring I. and machining gland surfaces to rougher than 32 RMS to discourage O-ring movement within the gland. These include Fluorocarbon (Viton®). or higher than +250°F operating temperatures. . (See Temperature Graph 5. refer to the “Material Selection Guide” in Section 6. and the other environmental considerations mentioned above. Elastomers are poor thermal conductors: if heat is generated faster than it can be dissipated. Exposure of O-ring elastomers to extreme high temperatures can cause physical and/or chemical deterioration.6560 (International) Resistance of elastomers to chemical attack is greatly reduced at elevated temperatures.4 in Section 5) 7 Conversely. finishing shaft surfaces to 16 RMS for smooth. . These compounds feature heat resistance to at least 400°F. irreversible chemical changes occur that increase seal hardness as well as induce compression set and volumetric changes.002" to minimize friction. nonabrasive running.. .applerubber. General polymers can be used. proper compound selection is essential for extended seal utility. Low Temperature Testing Three standard low temperature tests are performed to measure material performance.800. This gives a clear indication of what will happen to a material when exposed to low temperature and allowed to return to higher temperatures. but service temperatures need to be watched. resulting in decreased compression and possible leakage. Exposure to low temperature can contract elastomeric materials. When seal materials are exposed to lower temperature than their designed limit. reciprocation. Torsional Stiffness Ratio (ASTM D1053) measures the ratio from when a material is twisted.Special Elastomer Applications Low Temperature Situations Low temperature performance is one of the most overlooked properties in seal performance. the more swell you will have in oils and fuels. The addition of the Fluorine group to the polymer chain gives the polymer swell resistance. Teflon® is capable of sealing to -300°F. www.828. Best Choice(s) Vinyl Silicone (VMQ) is considered the general polymer. Material selection is key for the low temperature seal performance. This test measures set at 3 min. These tests give some idea of low temperature performance. system contamination. One example is that a material might not break at -40°C. seals become less flexible and brittle. To reach the lower limit. Fluorosilicone (FVMQ) can be used to -104°F in oil and fuel applications. so when heated above the low temperature. With Nitrile. or system filtration reduces the effect from friction. this allows for leak. Teflon® is outstanding in low temperature service.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. improved surface finishes.com 1. This leads to premature seal failure. but the material could be stiff enough to allow leak paths. through the addition of carbon in the crosslinking organization. Seals can fail by two modes under low temperature: (1. the use of lubricants. Addition of fillers and energizers can help limit some of these drawbacks. and eventually system malfunction.applerubber.) the seal will undergo a compression set.684. first at room temperature and then at a given low temperature. This normally costs more than standard polymers but must be used for this type of service. Nitrile (Buna-N) compounds when formulated correctly can withstand -40°F to -85°F. Many EP polymers work at -85°F. Temperature Retraction (ASTM D1329) measures the temperature at which a material returns from an elongated state.) the seal material will harden when the low temperature limit is reached and resist deformation to pressure causing leak paths. However. but have limited value for seal applications. Teflon® ’s drawback is poor elastic memory and a tendency to “creep” when not confined. (2. Phenyl Silicone (PVMQ) is an extreme low temperature polymer with brittle 77 points down to -130°F as tested in A-A-59588 Class 3B. after exposure to a given temperature and at 30 min. or rotation induce friction and typically generate wear regions on one surface of the seal. When feasible. A quick indicator is the Glass Transition Temperature (Tg). Many aircraft applications use Fluorosilicone because of low temperatures at higher altitudes and contact with JP-4. With good resistance to gas permeation. Polyurethane also has outstanding resistance to abrasion and is typically employed in high-pressure applications. the better the low temperature performance.6560 (International) . This shows the temperature at which the material becomes hard. Best Choice(s) Carboxilated Nitrile (XNBR) has superior wear resistance properties. de-icing agents and hydraulic oils. These types of polymers have brittle points to -80°F as tested in A-A-59588 (ZZ-r-765 Class 2B).716. low temperature polymers must be used. A good indicator for seal performance is Compression Set at Low Temperature (ASTM D1229). Drawbacks with Silicone use are excessive swelling in aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon fuels and many lubricating oils. Fluorocarbons (Viton® ) can be used from -13°F to -40°F. when compared to that of the base compound Nitrile. Abrasion Resistance Applications involving oscillation. Brittleness (ASTM D2137) measures the ability of a material to withstand breaking when bent at a given temperature for a period of time. In order to display the UL trademark label.716. Best Choice(s) Food service O-rings that have thus far met FDA “White List” requirements have been produced primarily from the elastomers Ethylene Propylene. and/or applications involving implantation of devices within the human body require strict compliance with FDA and ISO-imposed regulations. annual tests must be performed to ensure that the compounds will exceed the conditions they normally encounter. If heat ranges are exceeded. Regarding ALL medical O-ring applications. the best choice will be different for each application. must be performed on the submitted rubber compound. Underwriters Laboratories Recognized Compounds The Underwriters Laboratories is a non-profit organ­ ization and has established standards for elasto­meric compounds in specific service environments. Best Choice(s) Since all medical devices are unique by their nature. you must be sure to specify it.6560 (International) 78 . extensive testing.800. Such O-ring compounds must consist exclusively of the ingredients listed in the FDA’s “White List” located in the Code of Federal Regulations (Title 21) Section Number 177.2600. Fluorocarbon. Aflas®. materials that comply to USP Class VI or ISO10993 are used.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. Prior to NSF certification. Best Choice(s) Because each compound must be individually sub­mitted for NSF approval. Water and Steam Sterilization Immersion in water adversely affects many elastomers by inducing considerable compound swell. 7 If you want a UL-registered compound. Medical Applications Medical equipment seal applications. soaking up gases and fluids. Perfluoroelastomers are excellent performers in both water and steam. please contact your Apple Rubber representative from the initial stages of product design and we will work with you step-by-step to meet all applicable governmental requirements. O-ring elastomers are exposed to the degrading effects of heat. Best Choice(s) Silicone. Apple Rubber has a variety of compounds listed by UL for applications such as propane. and Hydrogenated Nitrile. for example. Nitrile and Silicone.684.FDA Food Applications Seals proposed for use by the food processing field are often required by law to be comprised of only the compound ingredients determined by the U. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to be safe for food contact.S.applerubber. leading to a partial or total loss of sealing properties.828. As water is converted to steam. are good performers in water and steam. O-ring materials may assume the condition of a sponge. natural gas and heating oils. NSF Applications The National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) is recognized for its health related specifications and is available for certification of rubber compounds used in the drinking water industry. Apple Rubber routinely submits new compounds for UL approval in different service environments. www. excessive water swell precludes the use of a number of elastomers in dynamic (moving) situations. in addition to water swell. It is the responsibility of the O-ring manufacturer to utilize food grade materials only from the “white list” of FDA-sanctioned ingredients. especially at elevated temperatures. Normally. there is no relative superior compound selection. such as a water extraction analysis. Please contact Apple Rubber for specific application requirements regarding NSF material certification. Ethylene Propylene.com 1. These compounds tend to have a high compression set due to the limit of cures allowed. As increased swell means increased O-ring volume and friction. Chloroprene (Neoprene). 800. Assurance of desired O-ring resistance to gasoline. are sometimes employed for automotive use. ETO Sterilization Low dosage of ethylene oxide is used.684. Contact with Plastic Surfaces With the increasing use of plastic parts in many areas of modern manufacturing. Normal Nitriles use the same plasticizers that soften most plastics. therefore. elongation and discoloration of certain elastomers. such as plasticizers. it has become mandatory for O-rings to effectively seal against an ever-widening variety of plastic as well as metal surfaces. The problem encountered with O-ring contact with plastics is the adverse effect of compound ingredients.716. with additional consideration being given to the temperature range(s) routinely encountered in automobile operation. Best Choice(s) Due to low levels of radiation used in sterilization. seal failure due to swelling is accelerated in dynamic applications because of the heat generated from friction. it is very important to identify when a seal material is going to be used with plastics. Also.6560 (International) . NOTE: THE ABOVE LISTED INFORMATION IS INTENDED TO BE USED AS A GENERAL GUIDE ONLY.828. therefore. Best Choice(s) Ethylene-Propylene. Alcohols are very oxidizing and can cause swell. peroxide cured EP. over a working temperature range suitable for automotive use. aliphatics and alcohols. Some automobiles use mineral oil-based brake fluids which can attack EP rubber. depending on the elastomeric compound. which causes a reduction in abrasion and tear resistance and may allow seal extrusion under high pressure. 79 Best Choice(s) Ethylene-Propylene. Nitriles. www. Fluorocarbon and Epichlorohydrin possess enhanced resistance of exposure to aromatics. is the elastomeric compound of choice. Best Choice(s) Peroxide cured EP and Silicones can be used since low exposure to Ethylene oxide is normal for the sterilization process. This results in excessive or insufficient compression and leads to seal failure. This crazing may eventually lead to physical weakness and/or failure of the plastic structure. when specifically compounded for brake fluid service. It allows a relatively nominal amount of swell while attaining service temperatures to 250°F. Automotive Fuels Gasoline is a varying blend of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons with alcohols at varying levels being used to decrease oil consumption.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. PLEASE CONTACT US FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION INFORMATION. with one being predominant. Contact with brake fluid inevitably causes either seal swelling or shrinkage to some degree. inducing surface cracking (“crazing”) in plastics. special formulated Nitriles can be used. Additionally. Additionally. specially compounded to reduce swelling in gasoline. please contact Apple Rubber for assistance in the matching of elastomer compound to service fluid.com 1. Swell or increase in volume is also usually accompanied by a decrease in hardness. Both of these reactions occur simultaneously. Ethylene oxide can swell most seal materials.applerubber. depending on the elastomer and additives used.Special Elastomer Applications Gamma Sterilization Brake Fluid Applications Gamma radiation affects polymers by either breaking the intermolecular bonds (which promotes embrittlement) or increasing the degree of cross linking (which increases compression set). radiation may affect physical properties such as tensile strength. or Viton® can be used. With the addition of different types of brake fluid. Best Choice(s) A check of the “General Properties of O-ring Elastomers” chart in Section 6 shows that Teflon®. requires an elastomer that is resistant to a minimum of three chemical agents. Fluorocarbon and Silicones. Silicone. The length of the O-ring centerline should be equal to the length of the groove centerline. increasing acrylonitrile content results in decreased permeability. Outgassing Most rubber compounds contain small quantities of oil and other ingredients that will become volatile under vacuum conditions. O-ring ID = (Groove CL length / 3.684.com 1. low weight loss under vacuum. Butyl is best for low permeability applications. offering good to excellent resistance to gas permeation and low weight loss in vacuum applications. Other compounds exhibit some degree of weight loss in the form of water vapor which may act as a contaminant in some applications.716. While this process is inevitable.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. These same tests further demonstrate that increased seal squeeze results in decreased permeability in unlubricated situations. Best Choice(s) In general. Typically. such as Nitrile and Natural Rubber. The rate of gas permeation through an O-ring varies by material compounding. and good compression set characteristics. then contact Apple Rubber for assistance with designing a custom molded gasket solution. harder compounds containing more carbon black feature lower diffusion rates. As an added measure of leak prevention. Laboratory tests indicate that lubricated O-rings are significantly less permeable than unlubricated rings.14) – O-ring CS If a standard round O-ring cannot be applied to your face seal application. degree of squeeze. lubrication of O-rings with vacuum grease helps to fill the microscopic pores of surrounding glandular surfaces which have been machined to the recommended 16 to 32 RMS finish.applerubber. and the pressure. www. Evidence of this “outgassing” is apparent as a thin film deposited on surrounding surfaces.800. temperature and type of gas being sealed. Note: Fluorosilicone and Silicone provide the LEAST resistance to gas permeation.Face Seal Applications (Non-Round) Best Choice(s) Some face seal applications may require a rectangular groove configuration. the inside corner radius of the groove should not be less than three times (3X) the O-ring cross-section diameter. followed by several other elastomers including Fluorocarbon. Compression Set Resistance The final requirement for effective vacuum sealing involves the specification of O-ring elastomers with good compression set characteristics. size of O-ring cross section.828. that because of the decreased groove depth. Vacuum Applications To make effective vacuum seals. This squeeze also forces the O-ring to conform to the surface irregularities of the gland. 7 Best Choice(s) “Postcuring” elastomeric compounds such as Viton®. however. In order to use a standard round O-ring. Use the recommended gland design for static seals from Table A in Section 4. In the case of Nitriles. Keep in mind. Employing a seal squeeze of up to 40% inhibits media flow through the seal. increased groove width is essential. do not usually benefit as much from this process as the previous compounds.6560 (International) 80 . Fluorosilicone. presence or absence of lubrication. Butyl excels as the most impermeable performer. material hardness. Optical and electrical contact applications are of special concern in this situation as they incorporate sensitive surfaces that must remain uncontaminated. helping to further prevent leakage. it is accelerated at elevated temperatures and in high vacuum situations. Following is an equation to assist in determining the O-ring inside diameter. Other compounds. Low Permeability To some degree ALL elastomers are permeable to gases. O-rings must be comprised of elastomeric materials featuring low gas permeability. and Silicone prior to service removes many of the unwanted volatiles and improves physical properties by increasing the degree of crosslinking. coating. the term “aging” is misleading. Also. Exclusion of light (especially ultra-violet). is relatively higher and the service temperature limit (to 130°F) is somewhat lower. Fluorocarbon is rated as “good to excellent.” and Butyl at “fair to good.684. Of course. there are two environments that must be addressed: the environment of the application. when compared to EP. Stress relaxation (loss of tension). the installation considerations must always remain secondary to the requirements of the application environment. and the environment of the automatic assembly process. however. it must be remembered that partial or total replacement of carbon black with tinted. Ambient temperature not exceeding 120°F. 3. and foreign matter. 5.800.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. Exclusion of air (oxygen). Some of the factors that must be considered when automatically installing O-rings are distortion. Storage of O-rings in sealed polyethylene bags. Failure to consider one of these factors may cause an unacceptable frequency of downtime.” Drive Belt Applications O-rings provide excellent service in low power drive belt assemblies because they are inexpensive. Each of these applications will require separate dimensional and material considerations.applerubber. Exclusion of radiation. When a seal is stored properly. For the maintenance of optimum O-ring properties during storage. Compound Colorization In non-silicone O-ring performance applications. Age Control/Shelf Life As it relates to the internal chemical degradation of elastomer performance properties over time.” followed by Chloroprene (Neoprene) at “fair to excellent. poor resistance to petroleum-based lubricating oil limits its application range. Best Choice(s) Ethylene propylene (EP)(peroxide cured) is the primary elastomeric choice because of the low stress relaxation. However. Neoprene is generally specified when service temperatures exceed the limit of Polyurethane (to 180°F) and possible contact with petroleum fluids. and flex life. Abrasion resistance is good. IN ALL CASES OF COMPOUND COLORIZATION. but EP displays superior flex life and stress relaxation properties. age is no longer considered a factor in seal failure. 7. 2. tensile strength. demonstrates excellent resistance to petroleum-based lubricating oils while maintaining high abrasion resistance. inside cardboard containers helps assure maximum shelf life. it is the exposure of O-ring elastomers to stressful environmental factors during storage that ultimately causes changes in 81 performance properties over time. www.6560 (International) . certain design considerations should be observed such as maintaining between 8% to 12% stretch on the seal inside diameter. Polyurethane. When using O-rings as drive belts. PRIOR TO INCLUSION IN THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS. good flex life. the following conditions are recommended: 1. and the use of tensioning devices are not required. Note: The MIL-STD-1523A (“Age Controls of AgeSensitive Elastomeric Material”) which relates to “cure dating” for seals was canceled on January 30. 4.com 1. easy to install. the pulley grooves should be round and match the O-ring’s cross section in depth and width while ensuring that the pulley diameter at the bottom of the groove is no less than 4 times the O-ring cross section. With automatic installation. non-black fillers WILL result in some modifications of physical properties. 6. HNBRs are now being used for their superior tensile strength and oil resistance. and high temperature resistance. abrasion resistance. Exclusion of ozone-generating electrical devices.828. THEREFORE.Special Elastomer Applications Best Choice(s) In terms of compression set resistance. Automatic Assembly The increasing use of automatic equipment for the feeding and installation of O-rings requires greater emphasis on the dimensional quality of the O-ring and its packaging. unlike EP. IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT COLORIZED O-RING SAMPLES BE TESTED IN THE ACTUAL APPLICATION UNDER CONSIDERATION. 1995. In fact.716. Exclusion of contamination. 1% weight gain. under pressure. THE ACID RESISTANCE OF THESE COMPOUNDS. Polyurethane. and Teflon®. By the suspension of conductive fillers such as silver or nickel in the elastomer binder. As temperatures rise above 158°F. Epichlorohydrin. which is done via either reflection or absorption. DC7.S.828. These materials include Aflas®. Styrene Butadiene 7 SB Brake Fluids DC4 or DC7 -40 to 250 Dow Corning Co. Cast CP Oils & Fuels Heavy Duty Petrolatum Barium Grease -24 to 180 -20 to 300 Various Various Butyl BU Skydrol ® Vacuum MCS-352* Celvacene® -65 to 300 -40 to 200 Aviation F. SIGNIFICANTLY LESSENS WITH BOTH INCREASING ACID CONCENTRATIONS AND RISING TEMPERATURES. Butyl.I. Fluorosilicone. DC55 -65 to 300 +32 to 350 Aviation F. MO www. and either can be the source of interference. Nitrile. Rochester. Best Choice(s) As temperatures and concentrations of nitric and hydrochloric acids rise. Fluorosilicone FS Oil or Fuel High Temp Petrolatum DC4 or DC7 -20 to 180 +32 to 350 Various Dow Corning Co.03% of observed weight gain.800. Freon® is a Registered Trademark of E.. O-Ring Lubricant Guide Apple Rubber Material Designation Applications Optimum Lubricants Temperature Range °F Manufacturer Nitrile BN Hydraulic Oils & Fuels Extreme Service Pneumatic Vacuum Petrolatum Barium Grease DC-55 Celvacene® -20 to 180 -20 to 300 -65 to 275 -40 to 200 Various Various Dow Corning Co.684. St. with 0. Celvacene® is a Registered Trademark of CVC. with only 0. NY Skydrol® is a Registered Trademark of Monsanto Chemical Co. Ethylene Propylene.com 1.S.716. Co. only the chemical Table H Elastomer inertness of Teflon® can be relied upon for maintenance of a seal exposed to hydrochlolic or nitric acids. Perfluoroelastomers such as Kalrez® or Chemraz® have demonstrated good performance in lab tests. Louis. it is critical to shield electronic devices from EMI.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. Natural Rubber. HOWEVER. CVC Polysulfide Solvents Petrolatum -20 to 180 Various Silicone SL TH General High Temp Petrolatum FS 1292 -20 to 300 -20 to 400 Various Dow Corning Co. EMI Shielding Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is composed of both electric and magnetic components. Chloroprene (Neoprene). at 158°F. Fluorocarbon VT Hydraulic Vacuum & High Temp Petrolatum DC55 -20 to 180 -65 to 400 Various Dow Corning Co.6560 (International) 82 . Fluorocarbon. It has further been tested for 12 months of exposure to 10% nitric acid. Often. duPont de Nemours & Co. Teflon® has also been shown by DuPont to undergo ONLY SLOW OXIDATIVE ATTACK by 70% nitric acid. Dow Corning Co. a compound suited for shielding or grounding is available for service. CVC Chloroprene CR (Neoprene) Hydraulic Oils & Freon ® Vacuum Petrolatum Celvacene® -20 to 180 -40 to 200 Various CVC Ethylene-Propylene EP Skydrol ® Steam & Hot Water MCS-352* DC4. Co. at 248°F. *Aviation Fluid Service Co. at 480°F.Concentrated Acids at Elevated Temperatures A number of elastomers possess good resistance when exposed to dilute acids at room temperature. Perfluoroelastomer.applerubber. Note: Teflon® has been laboratory tested (by DuPont) for 168 hours of exposure to 37% hydro-chloric acid. The combination of stresses on the O-ring can be complex and difficult to evaluate. Suggested Solutions: Employ a low set elastomer.applerubber. Therefore. it is very important that both the O-ring compound and size be tested in the real environment of its service. and tolerance stack-up. The following examples are a classification of the types of O-ring failure that can occur. compression set failure produces flat surfaces on both sides of the O-ring’s cross section.com 1. • Inadequate O-ring lubrication.. not enough room for seal expansion. Illustration 8.. • Incompatibility of O-ring elastomer and environmental elements. Excessive swelling of O-ring material in system fluid.... Incomplete curing (vulcanization) of O-ring material during production. Specify an O-ring material that resists both operating and friction generated heat.. Failure Pattern: Common to both static and dynamic seals..828. Too much squeeze to achieve seal.6560 (International) ..684.... • Improper O-ring installation. Reduce O-ring squeeze if possible..800.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1..1 83 www... Inspect incoming O-rings for correct physical properties. • Improper gland design: allowing for too much or too little compression. Re-check O-ring material compatibility with system chemicals.. • Incorrect O-ring size. Low heat resistance of material.8 Troubleshooting Common Reasons for O-Ring Failure Compression Set O-rings typically fail in their applications because of the combined adverse effects of several environmental factors.716. The most common causes of O-ring failure have been found to be: Problem Sources: Selection of elastomer with poor compression set properties. this failure pattern can be identified by a flattened surface on one side of the O-ring’s cross section.... Re-check elastomer compatibility with system chemicals..... 8 Illustration 8.684. this pattern can be identified by the many small bites (nibbles) taken from the O-ring on the low pressure (downstream) side. Improper machining of O-ring gland (sharp edges).......800. Problem Sources: Excessive clearances.O-ring size too large for gland.. Use harder O-ring material. Excessive system pressure. or rotary motion.. Consider change to a more abrasive resistant O-ring material such as carboxilated nitrile or urethane (see Section 5.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1....... Metal surfaces too smooth causing inadequate lubrication... Suggested Solutions: Decrease gland clearances by machining. Poor lubrication ..com 1... Check material compatibility with system temperature... Eliminate abrasive contamination with filters and/or wiper seals . Break sharp edges of gland to a minimum radius of . Excessive temperatures.. Degradation of O-ring by system fluid.6560 (International) 84 .applerubber..828...3 Illustration 8. Install proper size O-ring.2 www. Material Selection Guide). Problem Sources: Metal surfaces too rough (acting as an abrasive). System contaminated with abrasives.O-ring material too soft. oscillating..Provide adequate lubrication (consider internally-lubed O-rings). Increase rigidity and improve concentricity of metal components....716.. Use back-up rings to prevent extrusion... Failure Pattern: Occurring primarily in dynamic seals involving reciprocating.005"..Extrusion & Nibbling Abrasion Extrusion & Nibbling Failure Pattern: Typical of high pressure systems.. Irregular clearance gaps caused by eccentricity.. Consider a reinforced composite seal such as rubber-bonded-tometal. Suggested Solutions: Use recommended metal finishes. 716. Install correctly sized O-rings and use lubrication during assembly.684.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. Twisting or pinching of O-ring during installation. Low tear resistant elastomers such as Silicone.... Oversize O-ring ID on piston. evaporation of plasticizers and cracking from oxidation..com 1. No O-ring lubrication during installation.4 Illustration 8.828. Problem Sources: Sharp edges on mating components of the O-ring gland.. Undersize O-ring ID on rod... Lower the operating temperature... Suggested Solutions: Break all sharp edges.....5 85 www. a skinned or peripherally peeled surface...Troubleshooting Heat Hardening & Oxidation Installation Damage Failure Pattern: Seen in both static and dynamic seals.. Sharp threads over which the O-ring must pass during assembly .. Provide a 15-20° lead-in chamfer..applerubber.. Problem Sources: Excessive temperature causing elastomer hardening. Failure Pattern: Occurring in both static and dynamic seals. Cover threads with tubes or tape during O-ring installation. Illustration 8. Insufficient lead-in chamfer. often accompanied by the flatness of high compression set.. the surface of the O-ring appears pitted and / or cracked.6560 (International) . Suggested Solutions: Specify high temperature O-ring materials with antioxidants. this failure mode is marked by short cuts.. notches.800.. 7 www. 8 Illustration 8.com 1. Suggested Solutions: Employ a chemically compatible O-ring material.).828.e. Suggested Solutions: Employ a chemically compatible O-ring material.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. Results in a reduction of physical properties and can result in improper sizing between seal and gland.6 Illustration 8. Refer to the “Chemical Compatibility” table found on our website in Section 6.684.716. the seal absorbs the surrounding fluids and swells to the point of malfunction because of incompatibility between seal compound and system environment (i. Refer to the “Chemical Compatibility” table found on our website in Section 6. Problem Sources: Like a sponge. etc. high humidity.6560 (International) 86 .800. this failure pattern is marked by loss of physical volume.applerubber.Plasticizer Extraction Excessive Swell Failure Pattern: Occurring in both static and dynamic seals. Problem Sources: Extraction of plasticizer by system chemicals. primarily in fuel system service. chemical incompatibility. Dynamic applications are especially prone in that friction accelerates seal failure. Failure Pattern: Easily identified by a marked increase in seal dimensions and occurring in both static and dynamic situations. Contributing Conditions Include: Eccentric components. See Section 6.800. the O-ring gets caught on an eccentric component. hydraulic piston seals.Troubleshooting Spiral Failure Weather or Ozone Cracking Failure Pattern: Generally found on long stroke.. Illustration 8. the surface of the O-ring exhibits a series of deep..applerubber.. Excessive O-ring material softness.9 Illustration 8. Improve lubrication (consider internally-lubed O-rings).. Employ anti-extrusion back-up rings.828. or against the cylinder wall. Problem Sources: Caused when some segments of the O-ring slide while other segments simultaneously roll....6560 (International) . Too slow stroke speeds. spiral 45 degree angle cuts...716.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. Increase O-ring material hardness and/or cross section.com 1. Suggested Solutions: Check for out-of-round cylinder bore.... causing twisting and development of 45 degree angle. Decrease clearance gap.. Suggested Solutions: Employ O-ring elastomers that are resistant to ozone attack.....8 87 www.. Problem Sources: Ozone attack of the polymer chains causing O-ring cracking. Wide clearance combined with side loads. At a single point on its periphery. “General Properties Of O-Ring Elastomers”.. Uneven surface finishes. surface cuts. this failure mode is marked by the appearance of many small surface cracks perpendicular to the direction of stress. Inadequate lubrication. Machine metal surfaces to 10-20 micro-inch finish..684. Failure Pattern: Occurring in both static and dynamic seals exposed to atmospheres containing ozone and other air pollutants. . Avoid parting lines in O-ring grooves as they tend to be areas of flash and mismatch.. such as Nitrile.applerubber.... this is among the hardest to diagnose because the result of the problem is not visible on the O-ring..10 If you have been unable to diagnose your current problem within the guidelines provided in the preceding pages...Eccentric components. Ensure that the O-ring gland volume surpasses the O-ring volume to allow for seal expansion without seal detriment..716. causing surface blisters and ruptures as the gas escapes.828. Identify the amount of stretch as it reduces the O-ring cross section with increased stretch. Determine the component tolerance stack-up as it directly affects the seal cross section. Reduce O-ring cross sectional size. Suggested Solutions: Maintain recommended compression range for the application. Increase material hardness to 80-95 durometer range.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. Specify a decompression resistant material.com. which enables you to send your request via the Internet..com 1...6560 (International) 88 . www. Suggested Solutions: Increase time for decompression.. Problem Sources: Lack of compression... Improper seal/gland volume relationship. please refer to the EAR (Engineering Assistance Request) form on Apple Rubber’s Website at www.800. We will be glad to share our many years of seal experience with you. Consider maximum component shift in design to ensure that compression is still contained within recommended compression range..11 Other Problems Illustration 8.Failure Without Visible Evidence on Seal Failure Pattern: Of the various types of seal failure. Explosive Decompression Failure Pattern: Marked by random short splits or ruptures going deep into the O-ring’s cross section. 8 Illustration 8....... Tolerance stack-up. Problem Sources: Absorption of gas by O-ring while operating in high pressure conditions.applerubber. the surface may also be covered with small blisters.684.. When the O-ring is first removed.Parting lines/flash. Subsequent rapid decrease in system pressure traps gas within the O-ring’s micropores.. 9 Sizes & How to Order How to Order Apple O-Rings Shrinkage Size Adjustment Apple O-rings and MicrOring™ seals are specified by three characteristics: size. Prior to seal specification. MATERIAL: Our standard range of materials is designated by a two-letter abbreviation for each elastomer. Size by AS-568 dash number.D. please contact Apple Rubber.6560 (International) . Quantity of O-rings.003 . and material. Visit our website at www. certain O-ring materials have been identified as possessing similar shrink rates.S. Our standard durometer is 70 Shore A. Although we only include the AS-568 standard sizes in this guide. Standard durometer tolerance is ±5.008 How to Order Custom Parts For assistance with seal design. Over time. 70BN 89 www.D.000 pieces of an AS-568-110 in 70 durometer Silicone your order would read: 10. hardness. For O-ring materials other than 70 durometer Nitrile.Engineering Assistance Request RFQ . x .025" 70 durometer Buna-N your order would read: 25. depending on the type of elastomer.104 .144 I. Provide us with the following when ordering: 1. and production orders on custom parts. please keep in mind that Apple provides complete customized work to meet your special needs.210 . Examples: Standard O-Ring. Material by hardness and two-digit material abbreviation. and C.000 . And.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.7745 FAX: 716.com Non-Standard.828. EAR . or I. If you were to order 10. please contact one of our account managers.com URL: www. Apple has a vast inventory of non-standard and metric sizes. prototypes.com 1.005 .S.applerubber. See Section 6 for designations and further discussions of materials.com for more information. 2.006 . and are therefore used as O-ring size standards.800-828.275 . 3.D. and width (cross section). Non-standards are referenced by I.375 Tolerance ( + –) . If you were to order 25.684. as extensive tooling is available for high shrink compounds.000 pieces with an internal diameter of .716.800.000 -110 (dash number) 70SL Standard Tolerances for O-Ring Cross Sections Cross Section UP TO .applerubber.684.. if ordering a non-standard.144" and a cross section of .139 .applerubber.Request for quote To Place Orders or Quotations PHONE: 1.8302 e-mail: info@applerubber. if you still don't find the size you are looking for.025 C. We add to our tooling list all the time. except for Viton which is 75 Shore A. It is important to note that ALL O-ring materials shrink to some extent during molding. SIZE: Standards are specified by their AS-568 dash number. please use the O-Ring Size Search Tool Online at: http://www. please check for availability.004 .applerubber. ranging from 25(soft) to 90(hard).com NOTE: For a complete list of O-ring seal sizes. HARDNESS: This is specified by a two-digit Shore A durometer number. The nominal O-ring sizes listed in this catalog are based upon a 70 durometer Nitrile. Dimensions not affected by flash thickness variation.50 ±.016 ±. Molds must be precision machined and kept in good repair.63 ±.006 ±.010 ±.005 ±.40 .00-6.1 Fixed .004 ±.020 ±.005 “A1” High Precision Size (Inches) Fixed Closure Above Incl.com 1.016 ±.005 ±.016 ±.008 ±.30 ±. Such products require expensive molds.63 .60 ±.025 ±.013 ±.006 ±.828.Tolerances for CUSTOM Molded Parts RMA Designation “A2” Precision The following tables illustrate different levels of tolerance control for all elastomeric parts. www.008 ±.00 ±.020 9 Fixed Flash Closure Illustration 9.013 1.63-1. “A2” Precision RMA Designation “A1” High Precision Size (Inches) Fixed Closure Drawing designation “A1” is the tightest tolerance classification and indicates a high precision product. fewer cavities per mold.60-2. 0-.60-2.50-4.016 1.008 ±. as errors in measurement may be large in relation to the tolerance. Drawing Designation “A2” tolerances indicate a precision product and are typically applied to custom molder parts.00 1.applerubber.006 ±. these standard tables do not take into account specific design concerns such as allowable flash.013 ±.800.020 2.716.025 4.63-1.40-. costly in-process controls and inspection procedures.010 . It is desirable that the exact method of measurement be agreed upon between Apple Rubber and customer.00 4.30 ±. please contact Apple Rubber for specific recommendations.40-. careful inspection will usually be required.032 6. While measurement methods may be simpler than with Drawing Designation “A1".60 1.50 2.004 ± .013 ±.00 ±.008 .7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. Closure .00-1.Dimensions affected by flash thickness variation.010 ±.6560 (International) 90 . For assistance. However.30 & over multiply by ± .40 ±. Above Incl. 0-.00-6.684.010 ±.00-1.50-4. 003 .003 .018 2.070 ±.070 ±.003 .239 ±.003 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄16 1⁄16 1⁄16 .070 ±.070 ±.070 ±.070 ±.003 .005 .003 .614 ±.070 ±.003 .070 ±.070 ±.989 ±.114 ±.005 .018 2.364 ±.070 ±.020 2.003 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄16 1⁄16 1⁄16 1.003 .070 ±.070 ±.011 1.056 ±.005 .6560 (International) .004 .003 .864 ±.070 ±.424 ±.003 .614 ±.003 .426 ±.003 .070 ±.037 .489 ±. visit us online for our full listing.989 ±.040 ±.003 .174 ±.206 ±.003 .739 ±.030 4.060 ±.103 ±.013 .739 ±.003 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄16 1⁄16 1⁄16 .003 .009 .003 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄16 1⁄16 1⁄16 .070 ±.003 .009 .003 .103 ±.299 ±.070 ±.070 ±.015 1.020 2.042 ±.018 2.239 ±.800.029 ±.103 ±. I.005 .003 .145 ±.003 .003 .003 .551 ±. Tol.com 1.003 .005 .009 .684.003 .005 .864 ±.003 .003 .103 ±.070 ±.239 ±.003 .024 3. 91 AS-568 NO.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.070 ±.070 ±.005 .070 ±.364 ±.989 ±.003 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄16 1⁄16 1⁄16 3.003 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄32 3⁄32 3⁄32 5.070 ±.989 ±.716.103 ±.D.009 .070 ±.070 ±.050 ±.004 .070 ±.005 .549 ±.070 ±.103 ±.112 ±.612 ±.003 .003 .003 .239 ±.003 .070 ±.989 ±.005 .364 ±.003 .015 1.005 .070 ±.070 ±.070 ±.739 ±.003 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄16 1⁄16 1⁄16 2.003 .005 .003 .208 ±.030 4.103 ±.013 1.009 .301 ±.010 1.081 ±.070 ±.739 ±.005 .024 3.828.070 ±.003 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄16 1⁄16 1⁄16 2.926 ±.003 .040 ±.003 . 3 32 ⁄ ⁄ 9⁄64 3⁄16 13⁄64 1 32 18 1 32 ⁄ ⁄ 5⁄32 3⁄16 7⁄32 7 32 ⁄ ⁄ 9⁄32 5⁄16 11⁄32 1 16 14 1 16 14 5 16 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄8 7⁄16 1⁄2 38 7 16 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄2 9⁄16 5⁄8 1 16 -015 -016 -017 -018 -019 9 16 ⁄ ⁄ 11⁄16 3⁄4 13⁄16 11 16 ⁄ ⁄ 13⁄16 7⁄8 15⁄16 1 16 58 34 1 16 -020 -021 -022 -023 -024 78 15 16 ⁄ ⁄ 1 1 1⁄16 1 1⁄8 1 1 1⁄16 1 1⁄8 1 3⁄16 1 1⁄4 1 16 -025 -026 -027 -028 -029 1 3⁄16 1 1⁄4 1 5⁄16 1 3⁄8 1 1⁄2 1 5⁄16 1 3⁄8 1 7⁄16 1 1⁄2 1 5⁄8 1 16 -030 -031 -032 -033 -034 1 5⁄8 1 3⁄4 1 7⁄8 2 2 1⁄8 1 3⁄4 1 7⁄8 2 2 1⁄8 2 1⁄4 1 16 -035 -036 -037 -038 -039 2 1⁄4 2 3⁄8 2 1⁄2 2 5⁄8 2 3⁄4 2 3⁄8 2 1⁄2 2 5⁄8 2 3⁄4 2 7⁄8 1 16 -040 -041 -042 -043 -044 2 7⁄8 3 3 1⁄4 3 1⁄2 3 3⁄4 3 3 1⁄8 3 3⁄8 3 5⁄8 3 7⁄8 1 16 -045 -046 -047 -048 -049 4 4 1⁄4 4 1⁄2 4 3⁄4 5 4 1⁄8 4 3⁄8 4 5⁄8 4 7⁄8 5 1⁄8 1 16 -050 -102 -103 -104 -105 5 1⁄4 1⁄16 3⁄32 1⁄8 5⁄32 5 3⁄8 1⁄4 9⁄32 5⁄16 11⁄32 1 16 -106 -107 -108 -109 -110 3 16 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄4 5⁄16 3⁄8 38 13 32 ⁄ ⁄ 7⁄16 1⁄2 9⁄16 3 32 -111 -112 -113 -114 7 16 ⁄ ⁄ 9⁄16 5⁄8 58 11 16 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄4 13⁄16 3 32 1 16 18 7 32 12 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄64 1⁄16 1⁄16 .103 ±.489 ±.024 3.801 ±.003 .011 1.003 . W.005 .010 .070 ±.003 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄32 3⁄32 .003 1 16 1 16 1 16 1 16 1 16 1 16 1 16 3 32 3 32 3 32 www.003 .070 ±.070 ±.070 ±.103 ±.applerubber.003 .030 4.070 ±.070 ±.103 ±.003 .070 ±.005 .143 ±.070 ±.018 .003 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄32 3⁄32 3⁄32 .070 ±.176 ±.D.114 ±.003 .005 .D.003 .005 .489 ±.003 .237 ±.614 ±. Width I.003 .239 ±. Tol.004 .003 .003 .049 ±.487 ±.005 .070 ±.003 .103 ±.005 .070 ±.010 1.489 ±.739 ±.020 .013 1.003 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄16 1⁄16 1⁄16 . -001 -001 1⁄2 -002 -003 -004 1 32 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄64 1⁄16 5⁄64 -005 -006 -007 -008 -009 3 32 -010 -011 -012 -013 -014 NOMINAL ACTUAL REFERENCE DIMENSIONS O.004 .Standard AS-568 Size O-Rings Many more O-ring sizes available.005 .070 ±.070 ±.103 ±.005 .101 ±.005 .009 .070 ±.003 .009 .027 4.005 .114 ±.103 ±.051 ±.676 ±.003 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄16 1⁄16 1⁄16 1.301 ±.003 .027 .239 ±.070 ±.003 .864 ±.011 1.003 .070 ±.003 .176 ±.362 ±.007 .005 .489 ±.018 2.037 .070 ±. 022 2.103 ±.015 1.103 ±.003 .035 6.003 .003 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄32 3⁄32 3⁄32 1.103 ±.055 9.103 ±.003 .103 ±.012 1.003 .003 .012 1.040 .925 ±.103 ±.003 .020 2.040 6.103 ±.987 ±.103 ±.003 .020 2.487 ±.012 .017 .003 .737 ±.020 2.050 8.003 .035 5.737 ±.003 .055 9.103 ±.103 ±.487 ±.003 .487 ±.003 .003 .009 .003 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄32 3⁄32 3⁄32 5.103 ±.040 6.716.003 .103 ±.103 ±.055 .015 .103 ±.003 .022 2.103 ±.487 ±.003 .003 .012 1.737 ±.045 .045 7.010 1.612 ±.035 .D.103 ±.103 ±.362 ±.424 ±.003 .010 .237 ±.003 .103 ±.012 1.017 2.800 ±.003 .003 .103 ±.017 2.103 ±.237 ±. Tol.003 .987 ±.050 8.015 1.003 .030 4.299 ±.103 ±.015 1.003 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄32 3⁄32 3⁄32 1.103 ±. Tol.028 .103 ±.103 ±.103 ±.103 ±.003 .003 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄32 3⁄32 8.487 ±.862 ±.024 3.003 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄32 3⁄32 3⁄32 .003 .799 ±.674 ±.737 ±.045 8.487 ±.737 ±.003 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄32 3⁄32 3⁄32 2.003 .103 ±.022 .003 .017 1.103 ±.103 ±.862 ±. I.028 4.987 ±.6560 (International) 9 92 .040 7.003 .035 5.010 1.030 4.237 ±.050 ±.103 ±.103 ±.003 .003 .103 ±.103 ±. NOMINAL ACTUAL REFERENCE DIMENSIONS O.737 ±.737 ±.103 ±.103 ±.487 ±.020 2.003 .175 ±.237 ±.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.022 2.174 ±.987 ±.237 ±.003 .003 .050 .112 ±.103 ±.022 2.103 ±.103 ±.015 1.012 1.010 1.487 ±.003 .103 ±.003 .103 ±.003 .003 .237 ±.003 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄32 3⁄32 3⁄32 2.009 .103 ±.112 ±.103 ±.003 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄32 3⁄32 3⁄32 1. AS-568 NO.D.103 ±.103 ±.045 7.003 .003 .987 ±.103 ±.020 .612 ±.024 3.674 ±.237 ±.799 ±.103 ±.010 .applerubber.003 . Width I.012 .103 ±.024 3.675 ±.003 .003 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄32 3⁄32 3⁄32 7.003 .103 ±.003 3 32 ⁄ 3⁄32 3⁄32 3⁄32 3⁄32 3.103 ±.003 .103 ±.862 ±.237 ±.237 ±.103 ±.017 2.103 ±.003 .003 .003 .987 ±.684.103 ±.987 ±.737 ±.737 ±.103 ±.362 ±.425 ±.987 ±.D.103 ±.800.010 .003 .487 ±. -115 -116 -117 -118 -119 11 16 ⁄ ⁄ 13⁄16 7⁄8 15⁄16 78 15 16 ⁄ ⁄ 1 1 1⁄16 1 1⁄8 3 32 -120 -121 -122 -123 -124 1 1 1⁄16 1 1⁄8 1 3⁄16 1 1⁄4 1 3⁄16 1 1⁄4 1 5⁄16 1 3⁄8 1 7⁄16 3 32 -125 -126 -127 -128 -129 1 5⁄16 1 3⁄8 1 7⁄16 1 1⁄2 1 9⁄16 1 1⁄2 1 9⁄16 1 5⁄8 1 11⁄16 1 3⁄4 3 32 -130 -131 -132 -133 -134 1 5⁄8 1 11⁄16 1 3⁄4 1 13⁄16 1 7⁄8 1 13⁄16 1 7⁄8 1 15⁄16 2 2 1⁄16 3 32 -135 -136 -137 -138 -139 1 15⁄16 2 2 1⁄16 2 1⁄8 2 3⁄16 2 1⁄8 2 3⁄16 2 1⁄4 2 5⁄16 2 3⁄8 3 32 -140 -141 -142 -143 -144 2 1⁄4 2 5⁄16 2 3⁄8 2 7⁄16 2 1⁄2 2 7⁄16 2 1⁄2 2 9⁄16 2 5⁄8 2 11⁄16 3 32 -145 -146 -147 -148 -149 2 9⁄16 2 5⁄8 2 11⁄16 2 3⁄4 2 15⁄16 2 3⁄4 2 13⁄16 2 7⁄8 2 15⁄16 3 3 32 -150 -151 -152 -153 -154 2 7⁄8 3 3 1⁄4 3 1⁄2 3 3⁄4 3 1⁄16 3 3⁄16 3 7⁄16 3 11⁄16 3 15⁄16 3 32 -155 -156 -157 -158 -159 4 4 1⁄4 4 1⁄2 4 3⁄4 5 4 3⁄16 4 7⁄16 4 11⁄16 4 15⁄16 5 3⁄16 -160 -161 -162 -163 -164 5 1⁄4 5 1⁄2 5 3⁄4 6 6 1⁄4 5 7⁄16 5 11⁄16 5 15⁄16 6 3⁄16 6 7⁄16 3 32 -165 -166 -167 -168 -169 6 1⁄2 6 3⁄4 7 7 1⁄4 7 1⁄2 6 11⁄16 6 15⁄16 7 3⁄16 7 7⁄16 7 11⁄16 3 32 -170 -171 -172 -173 -174 7 3⁄4 8 8 1⁄4 8 1⁄2 8 3⁄4 7 15⁄16 8 3⁄16 8 7⁄16 8 11⁄16 8 15⁄16 3 32 -175 -176 -177 -178 9 9 1⁄4 9 1⁄2 9 3⁄4 9 3⁄16 9 7⁄16 9 11⁄16 9 15⁄16 3 32 34 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄32 3⁄32 3⁄32 .049 ±.549 ±.828.003 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄32 3⁄32 3⁄32 6.103 ±.003 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄32 3⁄32 3⁄32 2. visit us online for our full listing.com 1.003 .035 5.103 ±.550 ±.987 ±.003 .103 ±.103 ±.003 .737 ±.050 9. W.103 ±.017 2.003 .103 ±.003 3 32 3 32 3 32 3 32 3 32 3 32 3 32 3 32 3 32 3 32 3 32 3 32 www.Standard AS-568 Size O-Rings Many more O-ring sizes available.103 ±.103 ±.924 ±.300 ±.030 4.103 ±. 004 .609 ±.015 1.828.921 ±.028 3.234 ±.046 ±.004 .139 ±.004 .D.005 .com 1.984 ±.234 ±.796 ±.020 2.716.734 ±.139 ±.004 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 www.004 .024 3.004 .010 1.359 ±.024 2.004 .609 ±.004 .005 .012 .020 .004 .984 ±.484 ±.005 .139 ±.004 .139 ±.010 .139 ±.004 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄8 1⁄8 1⁄8 5.004 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄8 1⁄8 1⁄8 1. I.040 6.030 4.028 4.024 3.010 .139 ±.012 1.234 ±.139 ±.139 ±.004 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄8 1⁄8 1⁄8 3.139 ±.035 5.015 1.045 7.139 ±.359 ±.040 7.004 .010 .D.004 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄8 1⁄8 1⁄8 1.004 .139 ±.045 .139 ±.139 ±.004 .004 .040 .004 .005 .139 ±.139 ±.009 .484 ±.484 ±.004 .004 .030 4.024 3.984 ±. Tol.859 ±.024 3.139 ±.139 ±.035 .004 .004 .004 .139 ±.004 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄8 1⁄8 1⁄8 .171 ±.234 ±.004 .671 ±.139 ±.609 ±.109 ±.139 ±.Standard AS-568 Size O-Rings Many more O-ring sizes available.004 .139 ±.004 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄8 1⁄8 6.139 ±.234 ±.859 ±.004 .035 .421 ±.004 .684.859 ±.040 6.139 ±.010 .139 ±.800.109 ±.139 ±.004 .609 ±.609 ±.139 ±. W.139 ±.139 ±.421 ±.484 ±.applerubber.139 ±.139 ±.004 .004 .859 ±.139 ±.139 ±.004 .139 ±.139 ±.234 ±.028 4.004 .139 ±.004 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄8 1⁄8 1⁄8 4.005 .004 .024 2.030 4.139 ±.139 ±.004 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄8 1⁄8 1⁄8 3.004 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄8 1⁄8 1⁄8 5.734 ±.004 .139 ±.139 ±. Width I.734 ±.484 ±.004 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄8 1⁄8 1⁄8 2.139 ±.359 ±.004 .004 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄8 1⁄8 1⁄8 1.139 ±. visit us online for our full listing.018 2.139 ±.359 ±.004 .020 2. 7 16 ⁄ ⁄ 9⁄16 5⁄8 11⁄16 18 12 18 34 13 16 ⁄ ⁄ 7⁄8 15⁄16 1 18 ⁄ ⁄ 15⁄16 1 1 1⁄16 1 1⁄16 1 1⁄8 1 1⁄16 1 1⁄4 1 5⁄16 18 -216 -217 -218 -219 -220 1 1⁄8 1 3⁄16 1 1⁄4 1 5⁄16 1 3⁄8 1 3⁄8 1 7⁄16 1 1⁄2 1 9⁄16 1 5⁄8 18 -221 -222 -223 -224 -225 1 7⁄16 1 1⁄2 1 5⁄8 1 3⁄4 1 7⁄8 1 11⁄16 1 3⁄4 1 7⁄8 2 2 1⁄8 18 -226 -227 -228 -229 -230 2 2 1⁄8 2 1⁄4 2 3⁄8 2 1⁄2 2 1⁄4 2 3⁄8 2 1⁄2 2 5⁄8 2 3⁄4 18 -231 -232 -233 -234 -235 2 5⁄8 2 3⁄4 2 7⁄8 3 3 1⁄8 2 7⁄8 3 3 1⁄8 3 1⁄4 3 3⁄8 18 -236 -237 -238 -239 -240 3 1⁄4 3 3⁄8 3 1⁄2 3 5⁄8 3 3⁄4 3 1⁄2 3 5⁄8 3 3⁄4 3 7⁄8 4 18 -241 -242 -243 -244 -245 3 7⁄8 4 4 1⁄8 4 1⁄4 4 3⁄8 4 1⁄8 4 1⁄4 4 3⁄8 4 1⁄2 4 5⁄8 18 -246 -247 -248 -249 -250 4 1⁄2 4 5⁄8 4 3⁄4 4 7⁄8 5 4 3⁄4 4 7⁄8 5 5 1⁄8 5 1⁄4 18 -251 -252 -253 -254 -255 5 1⁄8 5 1⁄4 5 3⁄8 5 1⁄2 5 5⁄8 5 3⁄8 5 1⁄2 5 5⁄8 5 3⁄4 5 7⁄8 18 -256 -257 -258 -259 -260 5 3⁄4 5 7⁄8 6 6 1⁄4 6 1⁄2 6 61⁄8 6 1⁄4 6 1⁄2 6 3⁄4 18 -261 -262 -263 -264 6 3⁄4 7 7 1⁄4 7 1⁄2 7 7 1⁄4 7 1⁄2 7 3⁄4 18 14 13 16 78 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄8 1⁄8 1⁄8 .018 2.484 ±.030 4.004 .010 .139 ±. 93 AS-568 NO.012 1.004 .359 ±.009 .109 ±.004 .6560 (International) .609 ±.139 ±.734 ±.028 .020 2.004 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄8 1⁄8 1⁄8 .171 ±.484 ±.359 ±.028 3.139 ±.984 ±.004 .015 1.004 .109 ±.139 ±.004 .D.139 ±.004 .296 ±.139 ±.139 ±.005 .004 .109 ±.030 4.024 .139 ±.234 ±.734 ±.139 ±.004 .004 .139 ±.984 ±.004 .984 ±.139 ±.984 ±.004 .139 ±.035 5.012 1.139 ±.139 ±.139 ±.035 6. -201 -202 -203 -204 -205 3 16 ⁄ ⁄ 5⁄16 3⁄8 7⁄16 -206 -207 -208 -209 -210 12 9 16 ⁄ ⁄ 5⁄8 11⁄16 3⁄4 -211 -212 -213 -214 -215 NOMINAL ACTUAL REFERENCE DIMENSIONS O.296 ±.004 . Tol.139 ±.139 ±.139 ±.004 .007 .859 ±.139 ±.484 ±.139 ±.234 ±.018 .012 1.035 5.139 ±.734 ±.139 ±.004 .030 .004 .734 ±.035 5.004 .012 1.004 .546 ±.859 ±.035 5.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.035 5.004 . 015 1.984 ±.850 ±.024 3.005 .005 .028 4.012 1.139 ±.015 1.D.210 ±.734 ±.600 ±.005 .210 ±.210 ±.850 ±.984 ±.009 .210 ±.028 3.210 ±.007 .828.004 .004 .004 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 .210 ±.139 ±.065 .005 .7745 www.955 ±. W.210 ±.475 ±.010 .139 ±.162 ±.955 ±.210 ±.005 .024 3.005 .210 ±.004 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄8 1⁄8 1⁄8 13.210 ±.725 ±.065 11.984 ±.004 .475 ±.005 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 3.080 17.225 ±.210 ±.055 9.004 .028 .210 ±.210 ±.004 .725 ±.350 ±.005 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 1.020 .412 ±.050 .015 1.210 ±.005 .005 .055 10.010 .100 ±.005 .210 ±.020 2.020 2.028 4.734 ±.210 ±.030 .065 14.065 15.975 ±.005 .005 .975 ±.684.005 .139 ±. Width I.024 3.Standard AS-568 Size O-Rings Many more O-ring sizes available.139 ±.210 ±.009 .005 .030 4.350 ±.210 ±.139 ±.005 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 1.225 ±.005 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 3.005 .018 2.055 9.210 ±.004 .100 ±.005 .139 ±. NOMINAL ACTUAL REFERENCE DIMENSIONS O.210 ±. Tol.005 . AS-568 NO.210 ±.210 ±.210 ±.600 ±.210 ±.005 .210 ±.350 ±.004 .850 ±.6560 (International) 94 .984 ±.955 ±.005 .475 ±.D.028 3.045 7.010 .012 .234 ±.005 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 .734 ±.210 ±.725 ±.005 .975 ±.005 .975 ±.600 ±.005 .139 ±.005 .234 ±.210 ±.085 .065 12.004 .050 8.005 .005 .225 ±.787 ±.210 ±.100 ±.D.024 3.005 .210 ±.005 .030 .210 ±.210 ±.350 ±.139 ±.850 ±.045 8.210 ±.050 9.139 ±.984 ±.005 .005 .018 2.139 ±.065 11.012 1.applerubber.005 18 18 18 18 3 16 3 16 3 16 3 16 3 16 3 16 9 For quotes.475 ±.139 ±.484 ±.210 ±.004 .005 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 2.com 1.024 .139 ±.725 ±.139 ±.005 . prototypes or questions call: 1.210 ±.139 ±.004 .004 .075 16.055 9.210 ±.484 ±.005 .225 ±.139 ±.828. -265 -266 -267 -268 -269 7 3⁄4 8 8 1⁄4 8 1⁄2 8 3⁄4 8 8 1⁄4 8 1⁄2 8 3⁄4 9 18 -270 -271 -272 -273 -274 9 9 1⁄4 9 1⁄2 9 3⁄4 10 9 1⁄4 9 1⁄2 9 3⁄4 10 10 1⁄4 18 -275 -276 -277 -278 -279 101⁄2 11 11 1⁄2 12 13 10 3⁄4 11 1⁄4 11 3⁄4 12 1⁄4 13 1⁄4 18 -280 -281 -282 -283 -284 14 15 16 17 18 14 1⁄4 15 1⁄4 16 1⁄4 17 1⁄4 18 1⁄4 18 -309 -310 -311 -312 -313 ⁄ ⁄ 9⁄16 3⁄8 11⁄16 13 16 ⁄ ⁄ 15⁄16 1 1 1⁄16 3 16 78 3 16 -314 -315 -316 -317 -318 34 13 16 ⁄ ⁄ 7⁄8 15⁄16 1 1 1⁄8 1 3⁄16 1 1⁄4 1 5⁄16 1 3⁄8 3 16 -319 -320 -321 -322 -323 1 1⁄16 1 1⁄8 1 3⁄16 1 1⁄4 1 5⁄16 1 7⁄16 1 1⁄2 1 9⁄16 1 5⁄8 1 11⁄16 3 16 -324 -325 -326 -327 -328 1 3⁄8 1 1⁄2 1 5⁄8 1 3⁄4 1 7⁄8 1 3⁄4 1 7⁄8 2 2 1⁄8 2 1⁄4 3 16 -329 -330 -331 -332 -333 2 2 1⁄8 2 1⁄4 2 3⁄8 2 1⁄2 2 3⁄8 2 1⁄2 2 5⁄8 2 3⁄4 2 7⁄8 -334 -335 -336 -337 -338 2 5⁄8 2 3⁄4 2 7⁄8 3 3 1⁄8 3 3 1⁄8 3 1⁄4 3 3⁄8 3 1⁄2 3 16 -339 -340 -341 -342 -343 3 1⁄4 3 3⁄8 3 1⁄2 3 5⁄8 3 3⁄4 3 5⁄8 3 3⁄4 3 7⁄8 4 4 1⁄8 3 16 -344 -345 -346 -347 -348 3 7⁄8 4 4 1⁄8 4 1⁄4 4 3⁄8 4 1⁄4 4 3⁄8 4 1⁄2 4 5⁄8 4 3⁄4 3 16 -349 4 1⁄2 4 7⁄8 3 16 7 16 12 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄8 1⁄8 1⁄8 7.004 .005 .600 ±.139 ±.012 1.210 ±.537 ±.004 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄8 1⁄8 1⁄8 10.005 .7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.210 ±.004 .004 .010 1.015 .004 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄8 1⁄8 1⁄8 8.800.984 ±.662 ±.055 .020 2.050 .210 ±.210 ±.005 3 16 ⁄ 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 1.018 2.484 ±.005 .984 ±.912 ±.050 8.716.100 ±.139 ±.037 ±.210 ±.004 .287 ±.018 2.004 .005 .005 ⁄ 4. Tol.139 ±.139 ±. visit us online for our full listing.984 ±.475 ±.010 .800.484 ±. I.012 1.210 ±. 037 5.210 ±.600 ±. NOMINAL ACTUAL REFERENCE DIMENSIONS O. 95 AS-568 NO.037 5.100 ±.210 ±.210 ±.065 11.210 ±.210 ±.005 .955 ±.030 4.975 ±.005 -370 -371 -372 -373 -374 8 1⁄4 8 1⁄2 8 3⁄4 9 9 1⁄4 8 5⁄8 8 7⁄8 9 1⁄8 9 3⁄8 9 5⁄8 3 16 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 8.Standard AS-568 Size O-Rings Many more O-ring sizes available.006 .975 ±.060 .7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.225 ±.975 ±.005 .725 ±. -350 -351 -352 -353 -354 4 5⁄8 4 3⁄4 4 7⁄8 5 5 1⁄8 5 5 1⁄8 5 1⁄4 5 3⁄8 5 1⁄2 3 16 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 4.045 7.275 ±.275 ±.225 ±.725 ±.110 24.037 5.725 ±.005 .275 ±.037 5.100 22.600 ±.005 .005 .055 10.055 9.005 .975 ±.037 5.006 3 16 3 16 3 16 3 16 3 16 3 16 3 16 3 16 3 16 14 14 14 www.095 .065 12.005 .210 ±.225 ±.100 ±.040 .684.210 ±.075 16.975 ±.955 ±.005 .275 ±.475 ±.005 .005 .005 -395 -425 -426 -427 -428 26 4 1⁄2 4 5⁄8 4 3⁄4 4 7⁄8 26 3⁄8 5 5 1⁄8 5 1⁄4 5 3⁄8 3 16 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄4 1⁄4 1⁄4 25.210 ±.350 ±.210 ±.033 .275 ±.005 .210 ±.475 ±.725 ±.005 .210 ±.800.060 10. Tol.975 ±. I.006 -429 -430 -431 -432 -433 5 5 1⁄8 5 1⁄4 5 3⁄8 5 1⁄2 5 1⁄2 5 5⁄8 5 3⁄4 5 7⁄8 6 14 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄4 1⁄4 1⁄4 4.070 .210 ±.850 ±.975 ±.975 ±.955 ±.275 ±.037 .006 .037 .955 ±.940 ±.210 ±.005 .210 ±.275 ±.940 ±.005 .005 .975 ±.210 ±.030 4.225 ±.210 ±.040 6.210 ±.955 ±.210 ±.850 ±.005 .085 18.475 ±.005 -365 -366 -367 -368 -369 7 7 1⁄4 7 1⁄2 7 3⁄4 8 7 3⁄8 7 5⁄8 7 7⁄8 8 1⁄8 8 3⁄8 3 16 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 6.275 ±. visit us online for our full listing.055 9.037 5.006 .475 ±. Width I.210 ±.006 .275 ±.005 .975 ±.037 5.005 .350 ±.055 .475 ±.006 .033 4.D.955 ±.210 ±.005 .475 ±.037 5.120 4.210 ±.210 ±.050 9.005 -375 -376 -377 -378 -379 9 1⁄2 9 3⁄4 10 10 1⁄2 11 9 7⁄8 10 1⁄8 10 3⁄8 10 7⁄8 11 3⁄8 3 16 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 9.006 .040 6.210 ±.com 1.210 ±.D.210 ±.006 .040 .090 19.210 ±.037 5.210 ±.030 4.037 .210 ±.940 ±.210 ±.115 .037 6.045 7.210 ±.037 5.033 4.033 4.210 ±.210 ±.600 ±.210 ±.005 .065 13.600 ±.070 14.725 ±.210 ±.050 8.105 23.210 ±.005 .005 .006 .005 -380 -381 -382 -383 -384 11 1⁄2 12 13 14 15 11 7⁄8 12 3⁄8 13 3⁄8 14 3⁄8 15 3⁄8 3 16 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 11.005 -390 -391 -392 -393 -394 21 22 23 24 25 21 3⁄8 22 3⁄8 23 3⁄8 24 3⁄8 25 3⁄8 3 16 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 20.275 ±.850 ±. W.005 .005 .225 ±.080 17.6560 (International) .210 ±.975 ±.006 .040 7.D.005 .005 -360 -361 -362 -363 -364 5 7⁄8 6 6 1⁄4 6 1⁄2 6 3⁄4 6 1⁄4 6 3⁄8 6 5⁄8 6 7⁄8 7 1⁄8 3 16 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 5.045 .210 ±.006 .475 ±.225 ±.037 5.005 .005 .005 .975 ±.005 .045 7.210 ±.725 ±.037 6.005 -385 -386 -387 -388 -389 16 17 18 19 20 16 3⁄8 17 3⁄8 18 3⁄8 19 3⁄8 20 3⁄8 3 16 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 15.applerubber.210 ±.050 8.006 -434 -435 -436 -437 -438 5 5⁄8 5 3⁄4 5 7⁄8 6 6 1⁄4 6 1⁄8 6 1⁄4 6 3⁄8 6 1⁄2 6 3⁄4 14 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄4 1⁄4 1⁄4 5.275 ±.475 ±.095 21.050 8.006 .275 ±.275 ±.210 ±.005 .475 ±.005 .005 .210 ±.725 ±.225 ±.955 ±.275 ±.975 ±.005 .940 ±.037 5.005 -355 -356 -357 -358 -359 5 1⁄4 5 3⁄8 5 1⁄2 5 5⁄8 5 3⁄4 5 5⁄8 5 3⁄4 5 7⁄8 6 6 1⁄8 3 16 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄16 3⁄16 3⁄16 5.005 .210 ±.828.850 ±.210 ±.210 ±.716.475 ±.210 ±. Tol.275 ±.037 5.725 ±.005 .210 ±.006 -439 6 1⁄2 7 14 ⁄ 6.005 .005 .040 . Tol.006 . W.275 ±.716.006 -450 -451 -452 -453 -454 10 1⁄2 11 11 1⁄2 12 12 1⁄2 11 11 1⁄2 12 12 1⁄2 13 14 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄4 1⁄4 1⁄4 10.006 .006 -455 -456 -457 -458 -459 13 13 1⁄2 14 14 1⁄2 15 13 1⁄2 14 14 1⁄2 15 15 1⁄2 14 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄4 1⁄4 1⁄4 12.090 19.275 ±.055 8.006 .060 12.955 ±.828.060 10.275 ±.085 .090 .275 ±. prototypes or questions call: 1.006 .455 ±.955 ±.006 .applerubber.006 -475 26 26 1⁄2 14 ⁄ 25.275 ±.475 ±.075 16.275 ±.006 .275 ±.090 19.955 ±.075 16.275 ±.006 .975 ±.006 -445 -446 -447 -448 -449 8 8 1⁄2 9 9 1⁄2 10 8 1⁄2 9 9 1⁄2 10 10 1⁄2 14 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄4 1⁄4 1⁄4 7. Width I.070 13.975 ±.475 ±.Standard AS-568 Size O-Rings Many more O-ring sizes available.275 ±.275 ±.045 .275 ±.275 ±.070 .275 ±.060 11. AS-568 NO.006 .275 ±.975 ±.006 .D.275 ±.006 .006 .725 ±.275 ±.275 ±.475 ±.955 ±.275 ±.455 ±.com 1.006 .090 21.275 ±.070 15.006 .060 11.275 ±.006 .006 .006 .D.006 -465 -466 -467 -468 -469 18 18 1⁄2 19 19 1⁄2 20 18 1⁄2 19 19 1⁄2 20 20 1⁄2 14 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄4 1⁄4 1⁄4 17.800.800.275 ±.940 ±.275 ±.006 .275 ±.006 -460 -461 -462 -463 -464 15 1⁄2 16 16 1⁄2 17 17 1⁄2 16 16 1⁄2 17 17 1⁄2 18 14 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄4 1⁄4 1⁄4 15.940 ±.955 ±.006 .040 7.040 6.006 .115 .070 14.006 .085 18.828.110 24.275 ±.060 13.006 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 For quotes.475 ±.955 ±.475 ±.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.006 .475 ±.7745 www.045 7.975 ±.275 ±.275 ±.045 8.725 ±.225 ±.045 7. Tol.975 ±.475 ±.940 ±.940 ±.275 ±. I.070 14.275 ±.006 -470 -471 -472 -473 -474 21 22 23 24 25 21 1⁄2 22 1⁄2 23 1⁄2 24 1⁄2 25 1⁄2 14 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄4 1⁄4 1⁄4 20.275 ±.055 9.475 ±. visit us online for our full listing.275 ±.275 ±.275 ±.006 .475 ±.105 23.684.975 ±.006 .975 ±.455 ±.455 ±.055 .955 ±.275 ±.D.006 .006 .006 .100 22.055 9.120 .275 ±.975 ±.006 .080 17. -440 -441 -442 -443 -444 6 3⁄4 7 7 1⁄4 7 1⁄2 7 3⁄4 7 1⁄4 7 1⁄2 7 3⁄4 8 8 1⁄4 14 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄4 1⁄4 1⁄4 6.275 ±.6560 (International) 9 96 .006 .085 18.060 .275 ±.975 ±. NOMINAL ACTUAL REFERENCE DIMENSIONS O. 239 ±.009 . 97 Because of their use in primarily high pressure applications. is used so that the O-ring seals under compression.6560 (International) .014 1.009 .116 ±.005 . W.337 ±.118 ±.005 .003 -906 -907 -908 -909 -910 38 7 16 ⁄ ⁄ 1⁄2 9⁄16 5⁄8 .004 .097 ±. these seals are normally supplied in 90 durometer material.171 ±.004 .003 .924 ±.097 ±.116 ±.018 .7745 Many more O-ring sizes available.064 ±.com 1.351 ±.116 ±.064 ±.863 ±.185 ±.004 .010 1.301 ±.004 .116 ±.800.012 1.090 ±.005 .072 ±. TUBE SIZE (O.116 ±.010 . prototypes or questions call: 1.003 .018 2.009 .Standard O-Rings BOSS GASKETS For Straight Thread Tube Fitting ACTUAL DIMENSIONS AS-568 NO.047 ±. visit us online for our full listing.003 .530 ±.056 ±.082 ±.) FRACTIONAL I.072 ±.475 ±.004 .003 .116 ±.D. -901 -902 -903 -904 -905 3 32 ⁄ ⁄ 3⁄16 1⁄4 5⁄16 .Tol.716.D.010 1.004 -918 -920 -924 -928 -932 1 1⁄8 1 1⁄4 1 1⁄2 1 3⁄4 2 1. www.800.applerubber.004 .720 ±. Tol. A straight thread.005 .986 ±.828.755 ±.005 .828.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.003 .004 18 34 For quotes.005 .003 .468 ±.706 ±.118 ±.009 .005 .414 ±.003 .087 ±.014 2.355 ±.003 .004 .644 ±.003 -911 -912 -913 -914 -916 11 16 ⁄ ⁄ 13⁄16 7⁄8 1 .2 This class of O-rings is primarily utilized in hydraulic tubing and fittings up to 3000 psi. O-Rings for Straight Thread Tube Fitting Bosses Illustration 9.004 .684.078 ±. not tapered.118 ±.118 ±.009 . Back-up Ring: A washer-like device of a relatively hard. Bench Test: A laboratory test approximating product service conditions.10 Glossary of Terms Abrasion Resistance: The ability of a rubber compound to resist surface wearing by mechanical action. Blisters: A raised spot on the seal’s surface created by an internal void. Bending Modulus: The measure of applied force required to bend a material a given distance around a specified radius. AN: Abbreviation for Air Force-Navy (specifications). Supersedes ARP-568. The lower the aniline point.applerubber. or air-filled pocket. and acetylenes (alkynes). Aniline Point: The lowest temperature at which equal parts of aniline and a test liquid (such as oil) will uniformly mix or blend.com 1. Ambient Temperature: The temperature of the environment surrounding a particular object.716. tough material installed in the gland on the downstream side of the seal to prevent seal extrusion into the diametrical gap while under pressure. The three subgroups that comprise aliphatic hydrocarbons are: paraffins (alkanes). The waxy film serves as a protective coating shielding the part from oxidation. the more unsaturants are present and the higher the potential for swelling certain rubber compounds. Accelerator: A chemical compound that speeds up the vulcanization of natural or synthetic rubbers. AMS: Aerospace Material Specification. www. A measure of material elasticity (stiffness). All military standard (MS) drawings currently use this system. A typical aromatic compound is benzene. on both the top and bottom surfaces of the seal’s cross section. containing three double bonds.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. hydrocarbons containing one or more rings. Exposure to ozone typically causes surface cracking in many rubbers. Antiozonant: Any substance that slows the severe oxidizing effect of ozone on elastomers.656 (International) 98 . which has a six carbon ring. like a gasket.800. The aniline point of oil is a measure of aromaticity (the amount of unsaturated hydrocarbons present). ASTM: American Society for Testing and Materials. 10 Bloom: A milky surface discoloration caused by the migration of certain compound components (such as antiozonants) to the rubber’s surface after molding or storage. olefins (alkenes). Antioxidant: Any organic compound that slows the process of oxidation. Air Checks / Traps: Surface markings or depressions resulting from the trapping of air between the rubber surfaces being cured and the mold or press surface. This discoloration DOES NOT adversely affect material performance. Aromatic: A major group of unsaturated cyclic AS-568: Aerospace Standard Uniform Dash Numbering System for O-rings.684. Bleeding: A film or beads formed by such compound components as plasticizers that have migrated to the surface of rubber products because of incompatibility with the base elastomer and/or the compound ingredients. Axial Seal: Squeezed. A face seal. Blemish: A surface mark or deformity.828. Aliphatic: A major group of organic compounds characterized by the presence of straight chain arrangements of carbon atoms. com 1. under pressure.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. Cure: Another term for “vulcanization” of compounded and molded rubber (green stock). which is temperature dependent. Compression Set: The amount by which an elastomeric material fails to return to its original size after release from a constant compressive load. Cracking: Sharp breaks or fissures in rubber surfaces resulting from excessive strain or exposure to adverse environmental factors. whereas chemical bonding involves contact adhesives with heat and pressure to adhere an elastomer to a primed surface. 99 www. metal. Mechanical bonding includes component interference and no molecular crossbridging between the elastomer and substrate.656 (International) . Copolymer: An elastomer (polymer) resulting from the chemical combination of two dissimilar monomers. Composite Seal: Combines the sealing performance of elastomers with the physical properties of the bonded material (i. Break-Out: The force required to overcome initial seal to gland surface adhesion. etc. Cold Flow: A term describing the tendency of certain materials to continue to deform or “creep” under constant sealing pressure (compressive load). A product code An elastomeric material resulting from the combination of a number of individual chemical ingredients into a batch mix.applerubber. Cure Date: O-ring molding date. A common term used to describe one form of friction. to induce cross linking of polymer chains (vulcanization). results in the creation of a useful rubber-like product. Curing Temperature: The temperature of vulcanization. plastic. Coefficient of Thermal Expansion: Value used to determine the amount of linear dimensional change for a particular elastomer. Cold Resistant: Capable of low temperature operation without loss of serviceability. at elevated temperature. No longer required by MIL-STD-1523.828.684. Cold Flexibility: Flexibility following elastomer exposure to a specified low temperature for a specified period of time. resulting in the chemical bonding (cross linking) of polymer chains and the accompanying creation of useful elastomeric products. Brittleness: Tendency to crack upon physical deformation. For example. Compound: Compression Modulus: The ratio of applied compressive force (stress) to the resulting deformation of the test material (strain).e. Compressive strain is expressed as a fraction of the original height or thickness of the test specimen in the direction of the applied force. Cross Section: A seal cut at right angles to the mold parting line. excess material (flash) from a finished product. Further processing of the thoroughly mixed ingredients. Deflash: A process of removing unwanted.800. Also known as width. of 2Q97.7 (97). for example indicates a cure date of the second quarter (2Q) of 199.).716. when part movement is intermittent. Cylinder: Chamber in which a piston is driven. Nitrile from Butadiene and Acrylonitrile.Glossary of Terms Bond: The mechanical or chemical force that holds an elastomer to some other object. Also known as cold flow. Creep: The progressive relaxation of an elastomeric material under constant sealing pressure (compressive load). Curing typically occurs in the presence of sulfur and an accelerator. Durometer: A measure of the hardness of a rubber compound. Extrusion: The forced extension of part of the seal Filler: A finely divided material used to reinforce or modify elastomer physical properties. Usually designated with a +– 5 tolerance. government agency that regulates the ingredients in rubber compounds that are intended for use in food and medical applications. on both the top Hardness: Resistance of rubber to forced distortion and bottom surfaces of the seal’s cross section. Scale is 0-100. expressed as a percentage of its original (unstretched) length. O-rings tend to conform (adhere) to the microfine grooves of surrounding glandular surfaces. Flash: Excess rubber around a molded part due to cavity overflow and/or parting line of molded surfaces. Elongation: Generally referred to in terms of tensile (pull apart) testing.656 (International) 100 . like a gasket. Face Seal: Squeezed. FDA: Food and Drug Administration is a U. An axial seal. as measured by the indentor point of a durometer gauge. with higher numbers indicating greater hardness. Friction (Running): A force which resists objects already in motion.relative to a given load at the breakpoint. rotating. Includes a machined groove and mating metal surfaces.716.S. Fluid: A liquid or gas. requiring extra initial force to break them out of these microfine grooves. Shore A: Hermetic Seal: An airtight seal. Friction (Break-Out): Friction developed in dynamic seal situations during machine start-up. Elastomer: A general term used to describe both natural and synthetic polymers possessing the resilience required to return to approximate original shape after major or minor distortion. or reduce cost.828. Durometer reading in degrees of rubber hardness as measured on a Shore A gauge. Flex Resistance: The ability of an elastomeric product to resist the stress of constant bending.” the O-ring seals this gap to prevent system leakage.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. clays. Flow Lines: Molded article surface imperfections caused by failure of the rubber stock to blend with itself during the molding operation.com 1. Gland: Complete cavity into which the seal is installed. Dynamic Seal: Any application involving reciprocating. caused by excessive system pressure. impart certain processing properties. controlled outgassing of the volatile (evaporative) components of elastomeric materials. Groove: into the diametrical clearance gap of the gland.applerubber.Degassing: Intentional. Gasket: A static (stationary) sealing device used to retain fluids under pressure or to seal out foreign matter. 10 Hardness... The machined glandular recess into which the seal is fitted. In a Shore A scale. calcium carbonates and silicas. Through slight oversizing and accompanying “squeeze.684. www.800. Elongation is the increase in length of a test specimen. Typical examples are carbon black. Elasticity: The tendency of a material to return to its original shape after deformation. Diametrical Clearance: The gap between the two mating metal surfaces forming a gland’s internal cavity. When machine operation is irregular. or oscillating motion relative to the seal. the resultant numerical rating of hardness runs from lower numbered (30 or 40) softer materials to higher numbered (80 to 90) harder materials. Mold Cavity: Hollow space of the mold within which the uncured rubber compound is shaped and cured to the desired finished product form.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. MS: Abbreviation for Military Standard. Low Temperature Flexibility: A molding condition where the rubber fails to completely fill the mold cavity. Nominal Dimension: The mean dimension of a molded article.Glossary of Terms I. development. Non-Fill: The ability of an elastomeric product to be flexed or bent at low temperatures without cracking. Mold Marks: Slight irregularities in the surface of molded articles caused by mold machining marks.800. production. faucet on.656 (International) .D. that to produce a specified increase in material length (usually 100% elongation).D. in this application the inner or outer member of the gland moves in an arc around the axis of a shaft. Mold: Typically made from steel. faucet off). or damage to the mold itself.: Off Register: Oil Resistant: Ability of vulcanized rubber to resist caused by dimensional differences in the mold cavity. MIL STD: Military Standard.e.: The inside or hole diameter of an O-ring. Mold Release: A lubricant used to assist in the Life Test: A laboratory test of the amount and duration of product resistance to a set of destructive forces or conditions. 101 Mold Finish: The surface finish of the mold which imparts the desired surface quality to the finished molded product. component. a dimensional reference. heat-curable rubber system. Movement is limited to a few turns in one direction and a few turns in the return direction (i. Oscillating Seal: Most commonly used in faucet valves. ISO: International Organization for Standardization – model for quality assurance in design.applerubber. liquids or solids within the folds of a substance. LIM: “Liquid Injection Molding” is a closed removal of rubber products from the mold. LSR: “Liquid Silicone Rubber” is composed of a two- Occlusion: The mechanical entrapment of gases. resulting in an incomplete part. Product is formed within machined cavity. O-Ring: A doughnut-shaped object. www.828.com 1.716. by being compressed between the two mating surfaces comprising the walls of the cavity (gland) into which the ring is installed. blocking the passage of liquids or gases. manufacturing process using LSR in an injection molding machine. to its original size and shape after deformation. Memory: Ability of an elastomeric material to return The outside diameter of an O-ring. low viscosity. Modulus: The tensile stress force in psi required swelling and other detrimental effects of exposure to various oils. from which small dimensional (plus and minus) deviations are allowed as manufacturing tolerances. MIL: Abbreviation for Military. Modulus of Elasticity: One of several measurements of stiffness or resistance to deformation.684. Mismatch: Unequal O-ring cross-sectional radii Eccentric O-ring cross-sectional radii caused by lateral shift of one mold cavity relative to the other. O. functions as a seal. Leakage Rate: The rate at which a fluid (either gas or liquid) passes a barrier. installation and servicing. Used to compare the relative performance capabilities of various product designs. or torus. such as Carbon Black. or accompanied by abbreviation “TIR” (total indicator reading).7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. increase elongation. typically resulting in surface cracking of the rubber material. added to the elastomeric batch mix to improve such physical properties as tensile strength.828.716. Plasticizer: A chemical agent added to the rubber compound batch mix to soften the elastomer for processing. Rubber. as well as to improve physical properties of the compound product (i. Natural: A natural product of the juices of certain tropical plants (latex). Running Friction: A force which resists objects already in motion.684. the volatile (evaporative) components of some rubber compounds may become vaporized in the vacuum and released (outgassed) by the compound into the surrounding environment. As oxidation involves the transfer of electrons. small molecular units. for the automotive industry. Post Cure: A second step in the vulcanization of certain elastomers. Fluorocarbon.Outgassing: Primarily occurring in vacuum situations. improved through heat treating with sulfur (vulcanization). Permeability: The rate of gas flow through a particular rubber material. 10 SAE: Society of Automotive Engineers. Synthetic: Man-made elastomers such as Nitrile. RMS stands for the square root of the sum of the squares of micro-inch deviation from true flat. Ozone Resistance: The ability of vulcanized rubber to withstand cracking and physical deterioration from exposure to ozone. used to drive off residual decomposition products resulting from initial vulcanization. www. Rubber.D. used in conjunction with the ISO 9000 standard. Seal: Any device used to prevent the passage of a fluid (gas or liquid) or fine particles.800. Resilience: The capability of returning to original size and shape after deformation.e. Scorching: Premature curing of compounded rubber stock during processing or storage. When expressed in inches along. a more active oxidizing agent than oxygen itself.applerubber. Rotary Seal: Seals for rotating shafts. Oxidation: The reaction of oxygen with a rubber compound. and rod situations. RMS: Root Mean Square. it refers to twice the radical distance between shaft axis and axis of rotation. reduction in the physical strength of elastomers may also occur from exposure to the oxidizing agent. etc. improve tack).com 1. (hole) of the O-ring. Silicone.. A measure of surface roughness typically applied to the machining of metal gland and shaft surfaces. Rubber: A common name for both naturally occurring and synthetically made elastomers. Radial Seal: Compression is applied perpendicular to the seal centerline. RMA: Rubber Manufacturer’s Association. with the potential for adversely affecting material flow and plasticity during subsequent shaping and curing processes. Runout (Shaft): Same as gyration. Polymer: A long molecular chain material formed by the chemical combination of many similarly structured. reduce hardness.656 (International) 102 . Permanent Set: The deformation remaining in a rubber specimen following both stress and relaxation over a period of time. QS 9000: Quality System model. Reciprocating Seal: Seals used in moving piston Reinforcing Agent: Fillers. with the turning shaft protruding through the I. Size. surface cuts. causing twisting and development of 45 degree angle. Nominal: Basic dimensions of a part from Increased seal volume caused by exposure to adverse operating conditions. as in face seals. Shore A Hardness: Durometer reading in degrees of rubber hardness as measured on a Shore A gauge.684.applerubber. This is normal and should be taken into consideration (using individual polymer shrink rates) when designing rubber parts. Tensile Strength: Pull-apart strength. or against the cylinder wall. Strain: Deformation per specified area unit of material due to applied force (stress). helping to identify base polymers and certain compounds.com 1. while other segments simultaneously roll. A measure of the compound’s strength when stretched to the breaking point. Actual: Actual dimensions of a molded article Stack Up Tolerance: The summation of sealing system tolerances. Can be an indication of plasticizer extraction from system chemicals. as in piston or rod seals.716.800. which plus and minus tolerances are developed to account for the range of actual dimensions expected during manufacturing.828. Static Seal: A gasket type application where the seal is contained within two non-moving gland walls. Shrinkage: (1) All rubber materials shrink to some extent during molding. spiral failure results when certain segments of the O-ring slide. Terpolymer: A polymer resulting from the chemical combination of three monomers. the O-ring gets caught on an eccentric component. Temperature Range: The working range marked by the limits of minimum and maximum operating temperatures for effective seal performance. Scale is 0-100. returning to original properties when cooled. heat. Thermal Expansion: Linear or volumetric expansion caused by temperature increases. material. Squeeze may be either of two types: Axial . Thermoplastics: Polymeric materials that soften and can be re-formed when heated. Specific Gravity is used as a comparison tool to determine the relative density of seal materials. Size. fluids.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. www. as in face seals. Specific Gravity: The weight of a given volume of any substance compared with the weight of an equal volume of water. hydraulic piston seals. Radial squeezed on the inner and outer O-ring surfaces. (2) Decreased seal volume due to exposure to adverse environmental factors. Stress: Applied force per specified area unit of (including manufacturing tolerances). Swell: Tear Resistance: Resistance to the growth of a cut in the seal when tension is applied. Sprue Marks: Raised or recessed marks on the surface of a molded rubber part created by the removal of extra cured material left at the inlet (gate) of the mold by the sprue (pouring nozzle) of the molding machine. 103 Squeeze: Compression of the O-ring between the two mating surfaces comprising the walls of the cavity or “gland” into which the seal is installed. and the like. Spiral Failure: Generally found on long stroke. Squeeze helps to assure a leakresistant seal. with higher numbers indicating greater hardness. such as exposure to oils.656 (International) .Glossary of Terms Shelf-Aging: The potential degradation of seal performance capabilities due to exposure of seal elastomers to stressful environmental factors during storage. At a single point on its periphery. Proper packaging and storage conditions help to avoid this problem.squeezed on the top and bottom O-ring surfaces. converting basic viscoelastic liquids into three-dimensional networks of flexible.com 1.D.828. Generally associated with immersion of elastomer samples in various chemical agents.applerubber. Trim Cut: Damage to the molded article by trimming too close. TPE: Thermoplastic Elastomer combines the rubberlike performance of elastomers with the processing advantages of plastic. Scrap material can be recycled without significant loss in physical properties.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. and therefore cannot be reprocessed. generally associated with the rotation of a shaft. Trim: Removal of excess material (flash) from a molded rubber article. Volume Change: Increase or decrease in the size of a specimen expressed as a percentage of original volume.716. Torsional Strength: Ability of a seal to withstand damage due to twisting. 10 www. Torque: A turning or twisting force. Voids: Empty pockets where not intended. Volume Swell: A term generally used to describe the increase in physical size of a specimen immersed in a particular chemical agent. The cross-sectional diameter of an O-ring. Width: 1. TIR (Total Indicator Reading): A measurement of roundness with relationship to a centerline and expressed in total diametric deviation.D. One half the difference between the I.Thermoset: Elastomers that undergo a permanent chemical crosslinking of molecules when processed. Under-Cure: A condition where rubber has not been cured enough. Viscosity: Resistance to flow. and O. elastomeric chains (the molded rubber product). heated and molded.684. Ultimate Elongation: The % of specimen stretching at the point of breaking. Generally referred to in tensile testing. Weathering: The tendency of some O-ring seals to surface crack upon exposure to atmospheres containing ozone and other pollutants. Vulcanization: The heat induced cross linking (curing) of polymer chains. exhibiting poor physical properties and/ or tackiness. 2.656 (International) 104 .800. unlike thermoset materials. of the ring. p. 7) • W  hen using only one back-up ring. p. not all. 16) • A  Groove Depth is the machined depth into one surface. p. Nibbling and premature wear and seal failure will result.D. (Section 3. (Section 6. 14) • S  tatic seal cross sections are generally compressed from 10% to 40%.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. be sure to install it on the low pressure side of the O-ring.6560 (International) . whereas dynamic seals are from 10% to only 30%. (Section 5. (Section 6. (Section 7. p.716. (Section 3.800. p. some compounds of EP are good for brake fluid applications. 7) • B  efore installation. a silicone lubricant should not be used with a silicone O-ring. it depends on the application. p. (Section 4. (Section 4. but most are not acceptable. p. (Section 6. as well as with system chemicals. p. The Gland Depth is used to calculate seal compression. 8) • Static applications are more tolerant of material and design limitations than dynamic applications. is not recommended because it can lead to a loss of seal compression. p. (Section 7. 76) • A  void using graphite-loaded compounds with stainless steel. the Gland Depth must be less than the cross section. (Section 5. whereas a Gland Depth consists of the Groove Depth plus clearance. For instance. 75) • R  esistance of elastomers to chemical attack is greatly reduced at elevated temperatures. 9) • The maximum volume of the O-ring should never surpass the minimum volume of the gland. (Section 3. p. p.applerubber. 63) • Material cost does not correlate with performance. (Section 3. 10) • F  or a static crush seal application.828. 15) 105 www. p. (Section 4. (Section 4. 55) • T  o create Seal Squeeze. (Section 3. 12) • For reciprocating seals – passing O-rings over ports is not recommended. the longer an O-ring can be expected to effectively seal. make sure to lightly coat the O-ring with a lubricant that is compatible with the O-ring material. as they tend to pit the stainless steel surface over time. 13) • T  he closer the application is to room temperature. p.com 1.” For example. it is recommended that the O-ring volume does not exceed 95% of the gland void.11 Technical Summary Rules of Thumb Summary •A  stretch greater than 5% on the O-ring I. p.684. 71) • D  o not use a lubricant composed of the same material as the O-ring because “like” will dissolve “like. 70) • Y  ou must test all seals in their actual environment because every application is unique. p. (Section 4. 57) • W  hen it is said that an elastomer is good for an application it is meant that some compounds which include that material are acceptable. p. p. 828. www.Min Groove Diameter 2 1- • 100 Min O-Ring CS Min Bore Diameter .800.Min Groove Diameter 2 1- % Stretch = 100 Groove Diameter O-Ring CS Reduced Due to Stretch = (caluclated) + O-Ring CS Tolerance Minimum % Compression O-Ring ID -1 • 100 O-Ring CS .716.Max Groove Diameter Maximum % Compression = Minimum % Compression = 2 1- • 100 Max O-Ring CS Max Bore Diameter .com 1.Max Groove Diameter Maximum O-Ring CS = 2 1- – O-Ring CS Tolerance Maximum % Compression 100 Minimum O-Ring CS = Max Bore Diameter .applerubber. Note: All formulas assume concentricity and most apply to a Piston configuration.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.Formulas Min Bore Diameter .684.6560 (International) 106 .O-Ring CS 1- 10 11 100 + % Stretch The calculated value assumes the O-ring volume does not change and the cross-section remains round when stretched. 696 psi ft = min (rev/min)* (shaft diameter (inches))* 12 Note: All formulas assume concentricity and most apply to a Piston configuration 107 www. 1 in = 25.716.6560 (International) .4 mm 1m = 3.applerubber.4504 x 10-4 psi 1 psi = 6894. 1 ft = 0.8 Pa 1 bar = 105 N / m2= 14.039 in.305 m Temp (°C) = 0.800.56 (°F -32) Temp (°F) = (1.Technical Summary Maximum O-Ring Volume = Minimum Gland Volume = 2 4 2 [ (Max O-Ring ID + Max O-Ring CS)•Max O-Ring CS ] 2 4 2 (Min Bore Diameter .684.com 1.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.281 ft.01325 bar = 14.8 x °C) +32 1 Pa = 1 N / m2 = 1. Conversion Table Length Temperatures Pressure 1 mm = 0.5 psi 1 atm = 1.828.Max Groove Diameter ) • Min Groove Width 2 • Max O-Ring CS Minimum Groove Width = 4 • %Void +1 100 Min Bore Diameter – Max Groove Diameter 2 Note: The value “%Void” is typically a minimum of 10%. or torus.applerubber.684.800. Concave Profile Towards O-Ring www.828. Also used for sealing large extrusion gaps. Should not be considered as the primary seal. This seal is energized by being compressed between two mating surfaces comprising the walls of the cavity (gland). that functions as a seal blocking the passage of liquids or gases.6560 (International) 11 108 . Designed for low speeds/pressures and can be energized with springs or O-rings. Back-Up Ring A washer-like device of a relatively hard. only as a secondary seal. flexible lip. Area for O-Ring or Spring Wiper Designed to exclude foreign debris from contaminating the sealed system via a long.716.com 1. O-Ring A doughnut-shaped object.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.Seal Glossary U-Cup We have selected the most popular types of seals and given you a basic example of each complete with a brief description of its common use. Used extensively throughout the pneumatic and hydraulic industries because of low breakaway force and dynamic friction. tough material installed in the gland on the downstream side of the O-ring to prevent O-ring extrusion into the diametrical gap while under pressure. com 1. Combination of elastomer and fabric that operates as both a seal and a filter. Elastomer Spring Energizer Metal Reinforcement Filter Material Elastomer Composite Seal A seal combining the structural advantages of metal or plastic with the sealing advantages of elastomers. Maximum RPM for effective sealing depends on many factors such as surface speed. Elastomer Spring Energizer Metal Reinforcement Metal or Plastic Ring 109 www. pressure.6560 (International) .7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. pumps.800.828. Housing Seal An alternative to flat gaskets and other gasketing methods for sealing plastic or metal housings. eccentricity. Features round “O-ring” cross section and can be reused after disassembly. and electric motors. and lubrication.684.applerubber.716. shaft finish and hardness.Technical Summary FilterSeal® Seal Glossary (Continued) Shaft Seal Typically employed in engines. 716.Seal Glossary (Continued) Vee Packing X or Quad-Ring® A set of elastomeric and sometimes non-elastomeric rings which rely on fluid pressure to activate the seal.6560 (International) 110 .828. The parting line is located away from the sealing surface. A four-lobed profile primarily used in dynamic situations because of reduced friction and increased resistance to spiral failure. Primarily used in dynamic applications such as reciprocating shafts.applerubber. Inc.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.684. Elastomer Bottom Adaptor Top Adaptor The adaptors can be elastomeric or non-elastomeric. unlike O-rings in radial applications.com 1. Torque Lok™ Seal Elastomer 11 Metal Ring Torque-Lok™ is a trademark of Apple Rubber Products.800. www. ................................................ 48-53 Dynamic Oscillating Seals................................................. 65 Butyl...................... 63 Fluorosilicone.............................. 80 Gasoline................................................... 75 Machining Considerations............... 88 ExpresSeal®.......... Elastomer Resistance............................................... 82 Lubrication Of O-rings....................... 64 Lubrication Of O-rings......... Effect On O-rings.......................................................... 64 Food Applications. 61 Chamfers In Gland Design............................................................. 73 EMI Shielding................................................. 81 Composite Seals......................... 75....12 Index........................................................................ 83-88 FilterSeals®....... 73 ASTM D2000 Elastomer Classifications...... 81 Alkalis.828......................................... Elastomer Resistance Ratings................................................. Troubleshooting......... 54-59 Cross Section Calculation.............................................................. O-rings....................................... 4............................. 83 Critical Operating Environmental Factors........................................................................... 73..... 106 Custom Shapes........ 3 Material Selection Guide..........716. 60-74 Elongation......................... 55-108 Buna-N (Nitrile)............................ 62 Ethylene Propylene.............................. 109 Flash. Failure In O-rings................. 85 Housing Seals... 17... 30-41 Static Crush Seals............................................ O-ring Contacting Surfaces.. Failure In O-rings..................... 77 Abrasion.............. 78 MicrOringsTM......................... 54-55...... Effects On O-rings.................. 66 Liquid Silicone Rubber (LSR)............................................................... 48 Dynamic Oscillating Seals........ 9-10 Fluorocarbon (Viton)............ 7 Installation Precautions.... 43-47 Dynamic Rotary Seals................... O-ring Service In................................................................ 73 Elastomer.......6560 (International) ............................................ 43-47 Static Axial Seals................................ Bibliography & Trademarks Index Abrasion.................................. 60-74 Medical Applications............................................................ 15 MacrOringsTM......................................... 79 Back-up Rings................................ 80 Inside Diameter Calculation....................... Elastomer Ratings...... 16 Joule Effect............................. 16........... 73 Aflas®. 91-97 ASTM D1418 Elastomer Designations.......................................................... 73 Automatic Assembly............... 78 Formulas....800.... 42 Static Seals with Dovetail Glands............................ 14................ 15 Elastomer............ 14 Kalrez® (Perfluoroelastomer)............................................... 66 Colorization Of Compounds.......................... 73 Anti-Extrusion Devices................................. O-ring Permeability To............................................ 17............................................... O-ring Service In...................................................................................... 15 Economy................................ 73 Edge Breaks In Gland Design.......... 3 www.............................................................................................................................................................................................. O-ring Service In...... O-ring Sizes.............................. 15 Chemical Compatibility...... 8..... Failure In O-rings.................................7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.................................................... 84 Acids.................................................... O-ring Elastomers........... 82 Epichlorohydrin................... 54-56 Compression Set...................................................... Elastomer Resistance Ratings... 4 Extrusion Of O-rings................ Elastomer Ratings...................... 42 Hardness................................................................. 73.......... 60...... O-ring Service In..............com 1......... 10 Gases. 4................... 106-107 Friction.................... 43 Dynamic Rotary Seals.................. 100 Heat Hardening............... 54 Chemraz® (Perfluoroelastomer).................................... Material Selection Guide..........684................ 81 Dynamic Reciprocating Seals.......................................................................................... 63 111 Explosive Decompression............................................ Effects Of............ 4-109 Compression................ Internal................................................ 54-55 AS568................................................................ Elastomer Shore A Ratings....... 79 Gland Design..................... 15.........................applerubber................ 73 Compression Set..... 71 Age Control........................ Basic Considerations Of................ 17-29 Static Radial Seals............. 75 Friction Considerations In Gland Design............................................................ 3........... 13...................... 4 Drive Belt Applications For O-rings............................................. O-ring Service In.......... 84 Failure Of O-rings...................... 4..................... 11-17 Gland Dimensions For: Dynamic Radial Seals..................... 81 Automotive Fuels......................... 10..... 57........ Property Comparison Chart...................... External......... 82 Acids.................... Concentrated............. Elastomer Resistance Ratings.................. O-rings..... ........................ 54 Vamac®................ 73 Plastic Surfaces............ 5-6 Neoprene.................................................D........ 89-97 Surface Finish In Gland Design.. Custom Molded..................... 76 www.................... 11.... 86 Thiokol® (Polysulfide).... 17.................... Failure In O-rings................................... 90 Polyacrylate.......................................... 7-10 Teflon®......... O-ring Elastomers....... 65 Services.......................................... 3-5 Viton®............................ 70 Vacuum Seals........................com 1................................. 17-29 O-ring I...... 89 Nitrile................... 7 Squeeze...........S..................... 8................................. 10.. 87 Resilience.............................................................. Apple Rubber.... 75-82 Steam............................................... Failure In O-rings................. 69 UL Recognized Compounds............................................. 73 Permeability Of O-rings To Gases................................................................................ 78 O-ring Common Military Specifications... 80 Tensile Strength..........................684............... 78 Reciprocating Dynamic Seals........... 87 Temperature........................... 48-53 Natural Rubber............................................................ 84 Silicone........................................ 67 Pneumatic Seals................................................................ Effects On O-rings... 13......................................................... O-ring C...... 78 Polyurethane.. 80 Pressure............................ O-ring Failures..applerubber......... O-ring Resistance To.................828......... 79 Thermoplastic Elastomers................................ 67 Troubleshooting.................................. 106 Spiral Failure.........................12................................................. 63 Properties Chart. 7 Static Radial Seals......... 42 O-ring Special Applications.............................. 43-47 Weather Cracking....... 70 Nitrile........................................................ 74 Stretch........................................... ... 8........................................................ 15.................................. 104 Quality Assurance. Effects On O-rings................ 83-88 Polyurethane........ 62 Products & Services...... 83-88 Static Seals With Dovetail Glands......................................................................716............................................... 72 Plasticizer Extraction............................................................................. 86.. 66 Tear Strength. Apple Rubber........... 73 Volume Change............. O-ring Resistance To..................................................................... 71 O-ring Sizes............................ Failure In O-rings.......................................... Calculation.................................................. Elastomer Rating.................... Millable.. O-ring Service In........................................................ 43-47 Temperature....... 12.................. 66 Special Elastomer Applications.................................76-77 Oxidation.................... 16 Static Crush Seals........................................... 73 Rotary Applications................................................................ 65 Sizes & How to Order........ 15 Optimum Performance Considerations.......................................800............. 60-74 Styrene Butadiene...................................................................................................... Hydrogenated................... 7-10 Static Axial Seals.......................................... 81 Nibbling............... O-ring Service In.... 75-82 O-ring Cross Section Calculation..................................................................................... 67 Tolerances.... 42 O-ring Troubleshooting... 58.... 75 Tolerances.. Elastomer Rating.............................................. Failure In O-rings.............. In Gland Design.............. Elastomer Resistance Ratings........................ Cast...... High...................................... Elastomer Ratings.................. O-ring Service In.........7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.............. 14 O-ring Material Selection Guide................... 89 Polysulfide.................. 73 Weather............................................. 42 O-ring Design Considerations....................Military Specifications................................................................ Failure In O-rings............................ Low........... 87 O-ring Definition........................................ In Gland Design................................................ 74 Rotary Dynamic Seals............................................................................... 14......................................................................................... 68 Oscillating Dynamic Seals............................ 85 Temperature.. 12............................................................................... 30-41 O-ring Installation Precautions...... 6 Water.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 76 Ozone Cracking............................. O-ring Contact With................................. 61 Shelf Life............... 77 Perfluoroelastomer.......6560 (International) 12 112 ..................... Inc. Callister. PA 19103. 1994 7. Philadelphia. Kenneth M.L. 3rd Edition. William D. AFLAS Technical Information. Wilmington. MN 55144 Reference for AFLAS and Fluorel ® 113 19. John Wiley & Sons.. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary. PA 19443.. California. PA 19103. et al. 14. Fluid Sealing Association. Chuo-Ku. New York. 001A. Reference 2. Monsanto Chemical Company. Viton 13. Ltd.6560 (International) . Pruett. Kulpsville. Melvin W. DE 19809 Reference for Neoprene. Japan Synthetic Rubber Co. 5260 113th Avenue North. Vamac . 2017 Walnut Street.. Zetpol hydrogenated nitrile rubber brochure BJ-004 ® ® 10. Marcel Dekker. 1st Edition. MN 55144... 1990 6.. Published by Von Nostrand Reinhold Company. Gessner G.. Mallick. Inc. 50 Main Street. Building 223-6S-04. American Society for Testing and Materials. Dow Corning Corporation. OH 44313. 450 West 33rd Street. Fluorosilicone brochure S-51 21. Japan. St. P. 400 Commonwealth Drive. 1984 ® 8. St. New York 1989 3. Akron. Hawley. Silicone Products Division. DuPont Dow Elastomers. 1987 17. Society of Automotive Engineers. Fluid Handling Group. 1994 11. 1987 18. 1993 5. Fiber-Reinforced Composites.. NY 10001. McGraw-Hill. 2nd Edition. Inc. Tokyo 104. PA 15096 Publication AIR 1707 12. Copyright 1971 by Litton Educational Publishing. AFLAS data sheet F-T/G No. Inc. 3M Industrial Chemical Products Division.C.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. Kalrez .684. 3rd Edition. Seal Design Catalog. Chemical Resistance Guide for Elastomers II.. Maurice.. FL 33520.K. Brink... Handbook of Fluid Sealing. Seals and Sealing Handbook. Automated Industrial Systems. Millithane HT brochure ® www..828.L. Elsevier Science Publishers Limited. Inc. 3rd Edition... L.716. Reference 20. Tweed & Co. NY 12188. Nippon Zeon of America. 1916 Race Street. Inc. Brown. Apple Rubber Products. Rubber Technology. Waterford. NY 10606. Clearwater.. Paul. Morton. 4238 West 12th Street. Warrendale. Geolast® & Santoprene® brochures. 3M Center. Midland. New York. Greene. Compass Publications. White Plains.. Robert V. Materials Science and Engineering. Inc. TSE Industries. General Electric Company.C. MI 48460 Silastic Silicone Rubber brochure. Teflon . Inc.com 1.Index. Chemraz® brochures 22.800. Eighth Edition. England. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. 260 Springside Drive. 1993 16. L.. Ethylene Propylene. Inc. Rubber & Fluid Products Dept. New York. PA 16505 Reference 4. 11-24 Tsukiji 2-chome. New York. 1987 ® ® ® ® ® 9.applerubber. Erie. New York. ® 15. Dyneon. Paul. Bibliography & Trademarks Bibliography Books/Reference 1. Philadelphia. www. trademark or otherwise. ® Teflon is a registered trademark of the DuPont Company ® Thiokol a registered trademark of Thiokol Corporation ® Vamac is a registered trademark of the DuPont Company ® Viton is a registered trademark of DuPont Dow Elastomers L.828. Tweed & Co. Registered Trademarks and Service Marks Seal Thinking ™ FilterSeal ® MicrOring™ Celvacene is a registered trademark of CVC. AS9100B Underwriters Laboratories certifies that Apple Rubber's quality management system meets the requirements of AS 9100B. L.Requirements.P. ® Skydrol is a registered trademark of Monsanto Chemical Corp.I.684. Trademarks. Errors brought to the attention of Apple Rubber and verified to the satisfaction of the company will be corrected in future editions. NY ® Chemraz is a registered trademark of Green.C. E. ® Cycolac T is a registered trademark of General Electric Company ® Dacron is a registered trademark of the DuPont Company ® Fluorel is a registered trademark of 3M Corporation ® Freon is a registered trademark of DuPont de Nemours. in such brand name.L. Quality Management Systems . ISO 9001 is the internationally recognized standard for a basic quality management system.L. Kalrez is a registered trademark of DuPont Dow Elastomers L.6560 (International) ® 114 .P. ® Geolast is a registered trademark of Advanced Elastomer Systems. L. Aflas is a registered trademark of Asahi Glass Co.applerubber.Aerospace . ISO 9001:2000 Underwriters Laboratories certifies that Apple Rubber's quality management system meets the requirements of ISO 9001. ® 12 Zetpol is a registered trademark of Nippon Zeon Ltd. Rochester. Apple Rubber continuously works to achieve the highest standards set forth by the manufacturing industry.com 1.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1. ® Kraton is a registered trademark of Shell Chemical Company ® Lexan is a registered trademark of General Electric Company ® Noryl is a registered trademark of General Electric Company ® Quad-Ring is a registered trademark of Minnesota Rubber Company ® Santoprene is a registered trademark of Advanced Elastomer Systems. & Co. Apple Rubber Products Inc. nor should the inclusion of a brand name in this publication be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark.800.Requirements. AS 9100 incorporates the requirements of ISO 9001 and adds requirements specific to the aerospace industry.C.. Ltd. Quality Management Systems .716. ® MacrOring™ ExpresSeal ® ® AppleLab™ Certifications As part of our ongoing commitment to quality and improvement.Trademarks Others The inclusion of a brand name in this publication does not represent an expression of Apple Rubber’s opinion as to any legal rights. applerubber.716.6560 (International) .684.com 1.7745 (US & Canada Only) • +1.Index.828.800. Bibliography & Trademarks Notes 115 www.