Satellite CommunicationSatellite Communications Sat.Comm Receive Antenna Satellite Trans Antenna Downlink Fd Uplinkl Fu Earth Station Earth Station 50 Down-Link (GHz) 3.Satellite Communications Band C.20 .925 .6.00 .2 10.10 – 20.00 18.425 14.Band Ku-Band Up-LINK (GHz) 5.70 Ka.Band 27.30.7 4.11.14.70 .00 . of Sub-Bands: 12 B/W per Sub-Bands : 36Mhz Guard Band : 4 MHz Each Sub-Band : 1RF BEACON Signal : 4.Satellite Communications Carrier Frequency : 2.225 Ghz Frequency Band in Each Direction: 500 Mhz No.sec (one path) .031 to 4.038 GHz Sat.Delay : 280 m. Receive antennas other equipments Receives signals. orbit control eqpt.sat 1) Payload : Transponder : Transmit. Telemetry. 2)Support Subsystems : Power Supply. multiplex. Altitude. amplify and transmit. Telecommand systems .Equipment in Comm. demuliplex. Orbit is Path traversed by a satellite Satellite .Orbits and Systems. Orbit Period : 90 min -.Orbits and Systems LEO: Low Earth Orbit: -.0-2000 Kms -.Short Round Trip Time (RTT) -.Life :5-7 Years . Series -.Used for MSS: Mobile Sat. 2000-36000 Kms -.Use Low Power and Smaller antenna than GEO - .Orbits and Systems MEO: Medium Earth Orbit -.Intermediate Circular Orbit -. Above 36000 Kms -.Altitude : Constant -.Covers 40% of Planet -.Latitude : Zero -.Life :10-15 Years .The Orbit Path is called as Clarke Belt -.Orbits and Systems GEO : Geo-Stationary Orbit -. 56 Min.4 Sec Called as Sidereal Day Use for Telecom applications Rotate in Equatorial Plane Rotate Easterly.. .GEO Satellite Rotate at same speed of earth Rotation Time: 23 Hrs. 7 db/*k 4) LNA : Low Noise Amplifier in Central Hub G/T Ratio used to describe the capability Of an earth stn to receive a signal from satellite 1) G= Gain of Antenna at Receiving freq. Mumbai and Shilong 1) Diameter of Antenna: 11 Mtr 2) Mounting: Azimuth 3) G/T Ratio (Figure of Merit) : 31. . 2) T= Effective noise temperature of the receiving system.Earth Station Main Earth Station: Delhi. Kolkata. Chennai. Earth Station Primary Earth Station: Diameter of Antenna: 7.5 Mtr G/T Ratio: 25.7 db/k Remote Earth Station: Diameter of Antenna: 4.5 Mtr Mounting : X-Y Type G/T Ratio :19.7 db/k . Antenna and Mounting Different Types of Antennas Parrabolid Horn Reflector Dual Reflecors Antennas Cassegrain Gregorian . Antenna and Mounting Different types of Antenna Mountings 1) Azimuth Mounting Primary (Azimuth) Axis:Vertical to Ground Secondary (Elevation) Axis: Horizontal 2) X-Y Mounting Primary (Azimuth) Axis: Horizontal to Ground Secondary (Elevation) Axis: Vertical . Antenna and Mounting 3) Polar Type : Ha Axis: Parallal To Gnd Dec Axis: Vertical To Gnd 4) Tripod (for Small E/S): Three Legs. One leg is fixed and other two legs are Variable . E/S Configuration Antenns Subsystems Low Noise Amplifiers Ground Communications and Multiplex Equipments Station Control Facilities . Metrological Earth Observations Nation Wide Sat.INSAT Indian National Sat. ..System For Long Distance Comm.TV Broad Casting Nation Wide Radio N/w And Many More. IDR.Service :MSS Remote Area Business Msg.INSAT (Telecomm) Long Distance Trunk Routes Mobile Sat.DSPT . N/w: RABMN High Speed VSAT n/w : HVNET Long Distance Telephone Service: LDST Remote and Rural area Communication VSAT. INSAT 1C .INSAT 1A .INSAT 1D 2) INSAT -2 Series : 5 Sat 3)INSAT -3 Series : 5 Sat 4) INSAT -4 Series : 5 Sat only for comm.INSAT 1B . .INSAT Series INSAT -1 Series . VSAT VSAT : Very small aperture Terminal Ku Band VAST offers value added satellite based services like Internet.solutions .Voice.Where no other services available Poweful Private comm.fax Use for Geographically Dispersed Locations.LAN. 637 Ghz Dish Diameter :1.2-1.VSAT Uplink Frq: 14.437 Ghz Down-Link: 11.SCPC/MCPC Star or Mesh Topology HUB earth Station at Banglore .DAMA.8 Mtr Act Like Small Earth Station TDMA. and East Region . North East.DSPT Digital Satellite Phone Terminal DSPT using VSAT Network provides PSTN connectivity to rural area.P) Mostly for North.remote.inaccessible area and hilly area via INSAT Hub Station at Sikandarabad (A. 5 Ghz Down-Link: 10.75.12.7.DSPT Up-Link: 13.14.75 Ghz . IDR IDR: Intermediate Data Rate sat service It gives Digital Sat.8Mbps connetivity Ku. on INSAT-2C Small Antenna No interference with M/W . connectivity to different exchanges. C-Band IDR : 2 Mbps.Band IDR : To connect TAX exchanges using SAT. 64 kbps to 44.736 Mbps Modulation: QPSK Antenna(Remote) : 4.IDR Data Service Voice and Non-Voice Circuits Not Beyond 140 Mbps On ISDN or PSTN: --.0 Mtr for 8 Mbps Antenna (HUB) : 11/7 Mtr .5 Mtr for 2Mbps 7. VSAT antenna dia: 2. NOC at Mumbai Thaicom-3 sat..RABMN HVNET: High speed VSAT Data Rate Upto 128 Kbps.HVNET.4 Mtr . . Antenna dia: 1.2 to 1.RABMN Remote Area Business Msg N/W Packet switch data nw using spread spectrum tech. For Remote Area INSAT-2B Does not support Voice facility HUB at Sikandarbad.8 Mtr .