Department of Biotechnology & Genetic EngineeringIslamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh A Report On Fermentation Technology & Distilled Beverages: Ethyl Alcohol from Molasses and Its Distillation [Upon Visiting Carew & Company Bangladesh Limited, Darshana, Chuadanga] Course No.: BT-312 Course Name: Field Work/Industrial Tour SUBMITTED TO Third Year Examination Committee Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh SUBMITTED BY Zulkar Nain Academic Info: 1017008/1275/2010-2011 Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Islamic University, Kushtia-7003, Bangladesh May 2, 2015 INDUSTRIAL TOUR TO DARSHANA DISTILLERIES, CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED DARSHANA, CHUADANGA-7220, BANGLADESH PRESENTED BY DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY & GENETIC ENGINEERING ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY, KUSHTIA-7003, BANGLADESH ii The main entrance of the Darshana distillery All of us in front of distillery laboratory of Darshana distillery Fermentation house of Carew & Company Limited . ...........….….………...…………….………………………………...….…9 Objectives of Our Tour……………..….....…...... iii CONTENTS Abstract………………………………………………………...…….…………17 Uses of Alcoholic Beverages……………………………………………………..11 Yeast Culture within Yeast Plant..…….7 Part 3: Visit to Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Limited 8-11 A Combo Tour At a Glance……………....……………………...…….18 Bottle Manufacturing………………………………………………………………………………18 Globalization and Product Improvement…………………………………………………………18 Part 6: Alcoholic Beverages in Bangladeshi Perspective 18-19 Part 7: Recommendation for Carew & Company Limited 20-21 Development of Superior Microbial Strains………………………………………………………20 Optimization of Existing Plant…………………………………………….………………………….………….……………..…....………………….….……………………………………………………......…………18 Part 5: Future Plan of Carew & Company Limited 18-18 Fish and Poultry Feed Production……...……………………….....……………………........………………………..........………………………………….………………………….............(iV) Acknowledgement....3 Part 2: Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Limited 4-7 Basic Information………………………………………………...………........4 Historical Background…………………………………………...…………………..……………………………………………………………….……18 Reducing Ageing Time……………............…........……………………………………....…………………………………………………………………........2 Ethanol production by Yeasts…………………………………………………………………….2 Distillation of Alcohol……....12 Filling of Pitching Vat ……………………………………………………………………………13 Fermentation Process…………………………………………………………………….………15 Grading of Spirit………………………………………………………………………..……………………………….………………………………….…………17 Foreign Liquor Products……………………………………………………………….……….………1 Why Fermentation Biotechnology is Important..(v) Part 1: Preliminary Concept 1-3 The Fusion of Biotechnology and Fermentation Technology…………………….....10 Part 4: Distillation Process of Carew & Company Limited 11-18 Sterilization of Wort..……………………………………...……1 Fermentation and Production of Alcohol………………....……..5 Different Unit of Carew and Company…………………………………………………………….....…………..….....…20 Waste Management………………………………………………….………………21 Part 8: Refreshment Program 21-22 Part 6: Conclusion 22-23 . . a very primitive but smart and fundamental process of biological system. Imperial Whisky. extra-neutral alcohol and country spirit. Ethanol. there would be no competitor in the production of alcoholic beverages Keywords: Fermentation. to make sense. By overcoming this situation and turning their industry to the automation. distillation is an artificial process by which mixture of different liquids can be separated based on boiling point. At least. into an alcohol or an acid.e. fish feed production. Fermentation process in Carew and Company is carried out by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. are produced by this industry. they are intended to open some other projects such as sugar mill. four types of spirit i. Unlike fermentation. Chuadanga) utilizes this process for producing alcohol (precisely. rectified spirit. biofertilizers. safety management.. denatured spirit. bottle manufacturing. Molasses. Fermentation of ethyl alcohol (C 2H5OH) from molasses is one of the oldest technologies of its kind. they also produce nine foreign liquors (Gold Riband Gene. At present. Billions of yeasts restlessly working for breaking molasses into ethanol and carbon-di-oxide (CO2) through the process of fermentation. Orange Crackao and Cherry Brandy). . ethyl alcohol). In Bangladesh. and further they used this alcohol for producing various types of distilled alcoholic beverages by fractional distillation. such as starch or sugar. Yellow Label Malted Whisky. Old Rum. is a metabolic process in which an organism (usually microbes) converts a carbohydrate. Biofertilizers. Fermentation. Fine Brandy. Carew & Company Limited (at Darshana. Although. they are the only leading company of alcoholic beverages since the year of 1938 in Bangladesh. it has some limitations in case of waste managements. manual handling etc. Besides alcoholic beverages production. one of those is fermentation process. iv ABSTRACT Nature blessed us with so many things. Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Distilled Beverages. Tsarina Vodka. Fractional Distillation. which is now very important in consideration of environmental pollution. and it is now widely used to produce alcoholic beverages all over the world. Carew & Company is the leading company in Bangladesh. Rosa Rum. to perform any kind jobs and research in biotechnological perspective. it is a timely and prudential step of our respectable teachers. Abdul Quddus. Khasrul Alam and Md. the ageing and flavoring of distilled beverages. BT-312. Nevertheless. Kushtia-7003. Md. for their guidance and co-operation during industrial visit. Md. who is very interesting person and help us to understand various aspects concerning alcoholic beverage production. Keeping it mind. It would not have been possible without the kind support and help of many individuals and organizations. Bangladesh . Rezuanul Karim. Abul Kalam Azad. Minnatul Karim. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to the Md. Md. I am extremely grateful to the Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering for providing this opportunity to gather some practical experience. Nilufa Akter Banu. Azizul Islam and Anzana Parvin for providing theoretical basics and supports regarding this project. there should be a practical experience of biological processes besides proper theoretical knowledge. Dr. Anwarul Haque. equipment and overall process associated with molasses fermentation. Dr. I also express my grateful to the authority of Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Limited for giving us such opportunity to visit their facility and time. Aftab Hossain. father of one of our friend. industrial tour or field work is included in the syllabus of our 3rd academic year under the course. especially. who explained us all the materials. I have taken efforts in this project. Distillery General Manager of Carew and Company Ltd. Dr. Azizul Islam.. Rezuanul Islam. I am extremely grateful to Dr. I would like to extend my gratefulness to all of them. I am highly indebted to all members of 3rd Year Examination Committee for their constant supervision as well as for providing necessary information about this visit. Thanks to all of our honorable teachers. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Biotechnology refers to the scientific and engineering principle to the processing of goods and services. Special thanks to the chemist Razibul Islam. May 2. Md. Dr. Dr. Mizanur Rahman. Zulkar Nain Saturday. Special thanks to Uncle Mr. Dr. especially. 2015 Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Islamic University. Undoubtedly. Rezuanul Islam. Md. I express our gratitude toward my families and friends for their kind co-operation and encouragement which help me in completion of this report. In reality. Dr. First of all. Abul Kalam Azad. Minnatul Karim. because without him we might not get the permission for visiting. especially in the light of the new green economy that is built on green chemistry and biofuels. fermentation. For example. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED Preliminary Concept Biotechnology is the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make products. At its simplest. antibiotics. such as bread and cheese. Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 1 Islamic University. monoclonal antibodies. to make or modify products or processes for specific use (United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity). Kushtia. The term is largely believed to have been coined in 1919 by Hungarian engineer Karl Ereky. fermentation is not a recent innovation rather it is one of the primitive process which is commonly used by our ancestors. biofuels. fermentation biotechnology concerns the use of micro-organisms such as bacteria or yeasts. Thus. and medicine. Fermentation. gasses and volatile compounds) to achieve desirable characteristics. cheese and beer long before the biochemical process was understood. For thousands of years. converting carbohydrates into lactic acid. People applied this process to make products such as wine. In colloquial language fermentation has a much broader meaning. is a metabolic process in which an organism converts a carbohydrate. into an alcohol or an acid. Fermentation is a natural process. on the other hand. which tends to encompass the complex of enzymatic and microorganism stimulated breakdown of macromolecules within the fermentation substrate. In the 1850s and 1860s Louis Pasteur became the first zymurgist or scientist to study fermentation when he demonstrated fermentation was caused by living cells. to alter living or non-living materials for the production of knowledge. We have used the biological processes of microorganisms for more than 6. vaccines. The Fusion of Fermentation and Biotechnology Biotechnology is defined as the use of biological systems. for the good of this text.000 years to make useful food products. vitamins. organic acids. or cellular components such as enzymes. yeast perform fermentation to obtain energy by converting sugar into alcohol. With the emergence of a modern fermentation biotechnology industry in South Africa. goods and services. food production. thereby creating a new discipline named fermentation biotechnology. Apart from referring to a type of energy metabolism. Bacteria perform fermentation. baker’s yeast. Moreover. Why Is Fermentation Biotechnology Important? Fermentation biotechnology is a very important discipline in modern society and is used in many industries for the production of various foodstuffs and alcoholic beverages. fermentation has been defined as an anaerobic cellular process in which organic compounds are converted into simpler molecules and chemical energy (ATP) is obtained. such as starch or a sugar. mead. and to preserve dairy products. As our understanding on cellular and biological processes increased with time. biotechnology is technology based on biology . fermentation in the industrial sense is regarded as any process for the production of various chemical or pharmaceutical compounds by means of the mass cultivation of microorganisms. we now know fermentation process is nothing different from the perspective of biotechnology. Needless to say. steroids. In biotechnology. living organisms or derivatives thereof. fermentation is a fundamental process in biotechnology and involved with many biotechnological application.biotechnology harnesses cellular and biomolecular processes to develop technologies and products that help improve our lives and the health of our planet. this field of research and training of students is especially relevant. humankind has used biotechnology in agriculture. will be broadly defined as bioprocessing using microorganisms (particularly bacteria yeasts and molds) and the chemicals they produce (particularly enzymes. In our growing economy this advanced manufacturing approach will create many jobs. BD . hormones and fine chemicals. Whatever. enzymes. acids. pH. Kushtia. Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 2 Islamic University. But the misuse of what has become one of the world's most dangerous drugs takes a devastating toll on both the drinker and on society as a whole. and in the rising of bread dough. Ethanol fermentation is used the production of beer. then the conversion of glucose by the enzyme zymase into ethanol (and carbon dioxide). Fermentation of ethanol is carried out in a large fermenter (size 1000 to 1. Ethanol is obtained by fermentation using glucose produced from sugar from the hydrolysis of starch. Saccharomyces cerevisiae do this process. oxygen and concentration of carbohydrate. Alcoholic fermentation occurs in the production of alcoholic beverages and ethanol fuel.and oligo-saccharides through EMP pathway into pyruvic acid. Several of the benign bacteria in the intestine use fermentation as a form of anaerobic metabolism. such a process might proceed by the conversion of sucrose by the enzyme invertase into glucose and fructose. which is toxic when consumed. Before starting the fermentation pure inoculum (starter inoculum) of species of Saccharomyces is prepared by inoculating the well-defined and sterilized medium. especially strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are the main producer of ethanol. But in 1815. Because yeasts perform this conversion in the absence of oxygen. Growth conditions of liquid broth is maintained to provide optimum conditions at temperature. oxygen etc. in the presence of yeast and temperature of less than 37 °C to produce ethanol. disease and deaths on a huge scale. Ethanol can be produced by different way like below: Ethanol Production by Yeast Yeasts. At the same time fermentation medium is formulated. The inoculum of microorganism is maintained in fermenter at the optimum growth conditions such as temperature. pH. It's worth noting that fermentation in the presence of high levels of pectin result in the production of small amounts of methanol. For instance. sterilized and transferred to the sterilized fermenter. is a biological process in which molecules such as glucose.5 million dm 2). BD . The effects of alcohol abuse range from a mild hang over to mass destruction. Alcoholic fermentation. Gay-Lussac formulated the conversion of glucose to ethanol and carbon-monoxide (CO2). just like aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide and water. the substrates. fructose. and sucrose are converted into cellular energy and thereby produce ethanol and carbon dioxide as metabolic waste products. for the production of ethanol. Specially. alcoholic fermentation is considered an anaerobic process. fruit juice and honey have been used to make alcohol (ethyl alcohol or ethanol) for thousands of years. The production of products containing alcohol has become big business in today's society and the consumption and abuse of alcohol has become a major public health problem. The formula is given below: C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + CO2 Yeast converts di. Alcohol use in moderation has little or no ill effects either for the user or those around them. Fermented grain. wine and bread. Liquid medium in fermenter is inoculated with a small inoculum of yeast. also referred to as ethanol fermentation. They have been used as a major biological tool for the production of ethanol since the discovery of fermentation process by the time of L. This metabolic reaction produces ethanol as a waste product. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED Fermentation Process and Production of Alcohol Alcohol may be the world's oldest known drug. Pasteur. Within the Condenser the vapor is cooled and it liquefies. Distillation of Alcohol Fermentation alone does not produce beverages with an alcohol content greater than 12 to 15% because the fermenting yeast is destroyed at high alcohol concentrations. products are recovered and purified. Initially. Distillation is a separation process for a mixture of liquids or oils. And. From the supernatant. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED Figure-1: Ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae After inoculation at the optimum growth conditions for different periods the culture fluid is filtered when growth of the microorganism is over. This vapor passes into a Distilling Head and then into a Condenser. The resulting liquid is then collected in a Receiving Flask. distillation. low boiling components are collected in the Receiving Flask. To produce beverages of higher alcohol content the aqueous solution must be distilled. Distillation was one of the earliest separation techniques used by alchemists and pharmacists. It relies on differences in the boiling points of the component liquids to be separated. BD . along with chromatography and filtration. Kushtia. The mixture to be separated is added to a Distilling Pot where it is heated to the boiling point. a distilling column allows the vapor arising from the distillation pot to be repeatedly recondensed and revaporized. the yeast cells (biomass) are separated from the supernatant. The yeast mass is used for the effluent treatment or as the source of single cell protein. generally. Mixtures of a large number of similarly boiling liquids can be separated by a technique called Fractional Distillation. Lower boiling components will preferentially vaporize first. After a number of these recondensation/revaporization steps. As the distillation proceeds. Consequently. the lower boiling component will be relatively free of any Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 3 Islamic University. In fractional distillation. Switching out the Receiving Flask at the appropriate point allows for the separation of the component liquids of the mixture. is still considered to be a key method of separating and purifying substances. these components are depleted from the Distilling Pot and higher boiling components begin to distil over. Carew & Company Bangladesh Ltd. The minimum Vol. It was established by private industrialists in 1935 and has a sugar mill. was assigned a value of 100 Degrees Proof. Percentage Alcohol required for ignition is 57%. Machinery & apparatus of the sugar mill were supplied by M/S Blairs Ltd. Percentage Alcohol: Proof = 2 x Volume Percentage Historically. U. Kushtia. historically. Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Limited is an enterprise of Bangladesh Sugar & Food Industries Corporation (BSFIC). the term Pro of derives from a method of measuring the Alcohol content of liquors so as to “prove” they were not diluted. Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Limited Figure-2: Main gate of Darshana distilleries. In the US system. BD . one Distillery and one Pharmaceutical unit under its ownership. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED higher boiling components. This method of distillation is employed during the Oil Refining process. Levels of Alcohol in liquor are still measured by Proof. the Proof is double the Vol. Carew & Company has a distillery also which is the lone wine producing plant of Bangladesh. BSFIC is an autonomous body of Ministry Of Industries (Government of Bangladesh). of Glasgow.K. It ongoing trial production in 1938-39 and commercial production from 1939 to till now. which is situated at Darshana of Damurhuda Upazilla of Chuadanga district is the largest sugar mill of Bangladesh. Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 4 Islamic University. then the Alcohol was not considered to be diluted. which. Most manufacturers of liquor report the Alcohol content by its Proof. If gunpowder mixed with liquor would still ignite after the Alcohol burnt off. but the scale is different in different countries. Basic Information Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Limited (1935). for tax purposes. This allows for a more thorough separation of the liquids. 500 Metric Tons per annum. country liquor and 35. the sugar mill was partially restructured during 1978-85 under Australian assistance at a cost of Tk. 00000 metric ton Etmolate. the economic operating life of the sugar mill amplified for a few years and its daily cane crushing capacity also amplified to 1150 Metric Tons with conforming increase in sugar production capacity to 11. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED FACTORY INFO TIME AND CAPACITY Establishment of Industry 1935 Experimental Production 1938 Commercial Production 1938 Nationalization 1972 Sugarcane Crushing Capacity 1. has an yearly production capacity of 2. England Messer’s Pingris Ltd.35 Commercial Farms (10) 3335.00 million proof liter of spirit from molasses which is used for making rectified spirit.500 Metric Ton Storage Capacity of Sugarcane 7. The sugar mill has contributed Tk. denatured spirit. BD . Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 5 Islamic University.66 The distillery of Carew & Co.000 cases of foreign liquor. France Pharmaceuticals 1951 Local collection 90. Highest sugar production was 19. the sugar mill has produced 12.(BD)ltd...00 million to the National Ex-cheered as dividend taxes and duties since 1972-73. Total land under Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Ltd.200 Metric Ton Capacity of Steel Tank (Molasses) 6.000/36.30 Transportation Road 48. As a result. is 3559.45 Cane Purchase Center 5.14% from sugarcane.80-3. 1073. Distillery Mill 1938 45. After nationalization in 1973.566 Metric Tons of Sugar per annum on average at an average sugar recovery rate of 8. Sugar Mills was 1016 Metric Tons per day.84 million.600 acres of which 15.840 Metric Tons in 1990-91. Sugar Mill is about 45. Sugarcane Mill 1938 11500 metric ton Glasgo.150 Metric Ton Amount of Sugarcane Production 11. Kushtia.56 Total 3556.500 Metric Ton BMRI Certification 1982 – ‘83 The original cane crushing capacity of Carew & Co. 208. Since 1972-73. 000 liter Biofertilizer 2012 Local collection Total cane-cultivable land in the mill zone of Carew & Co.600 acres per annum on average is brought under sugarcane cultivation.89 acres including 9(nine) profitable farms as detailed below: LAND AREA AMOUNT IN ACRE Factory and Residence 167. UNIT UNDER YEAR OF EQUIPMENT ANNUAL CAREW & COMPANY ESTABLISHMENT SUPPLIER COMPANY PRODUCTION RATE Messer’s Blares Ltd. In 1840 after Saunder had left and a Capt. and was the associated with Mr. on his making several applications to the authorities. Kushtia. able to get out of the factory are before the trouble started and were given protection by Thakurs of a neighboring village. For a time the farm carried on in Barron’s name. took over. Ltd Culcutta. Mr. Prior to this he was connected with the Dhobah sugar co. who continue as managing agent till 1947 when Messrs. he left in 1845 and form 1846 the concern was known as Barron and co. Robbert Russle Carew heard in England of the Mutiny the destruction of the factory and the death of his brother he immediately set out for India and on his arrival here made planes for the re-building of the distillery and sugar works. He had a great deal of difficulty in this connection and met with the considerable to obtain timber required urgently in connection with the re. Backeet had joined it was called Barron and Backett. Brand died of sickness while he and Carew and Co. but another unite was established in 1938 (at Bangladesh). with their protector were on their way to luck-now. Darsana and continue up to September 1962. Mr. In the year 1832 the agent for the concerned messes. Jone Lyll and Mr. he move this distillery to a place called ‘Collaghat’ situated near the ram Gonga River in the Jalalabad Tehsail of the Shahjahanpur district. and the managing agency issued to Messrs. BD . but they as also their successors. Fairly Ferguson and co. This was formed in that year and was named as “Carew & Company Limited” and the work was entrusted to a manager at Rosa and Managing agent in Calcutta. Jone Ronnic who were later to become the agent from Rosa. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED Historical Background The origin of the concern which was then only a distillery date back to the year 1850 when Mr. In 1857 Carew felt that he and his partner were getting too old to manage the business at Rosa. However. At the time of the Mutiny Carew was in England and Rosa was being managed by a Mr. and Messrs. Brand and the young Carew were however. Distillation at Rosa state in about the year 1837 and at some time during the year 1839and 1840 the first attempt at refining sugar was made. Joni Maxwell created a distillery as Jaujmow Cawnpore. Become the secretaries & treasure of Carew &Co. The latter. then in the name of Saunders. The object of the distillery was to manufacture Ram for the commissariat department of the army and the Ram produces at Collaghat was sent in boats to Canpure from where it was invoiced to the commissariat at Alahabad. Messrs. Mr. Messrs Gladstone Lyall & Co. Gray Lyall & Co. a public company was constituted to Karachi in the name & style of ‘Carew & Company Ltd’. Later in 1810 or 1811. Ltd. Calcutta for some reason suspended payment and assigned being appointed Mr. Backett did not stay long. Brand and Carew’s younger brother. As the year passed the business at Rosa increased and branched were established at Asansol amd Kaoni.building and he was not allowed to employ and workers. It is known that they were created hospitably but both of them lost their lives during the Mutiny. Lyall Matheson and co. With the idea for taking over Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 6 Islamic University. When Mr. It is said that the young Carew died of exhaustion after reaching the residency at Luckhnow. Barron. however was closed down many years ago. had a very short time. including the Governor General it was eventually decided that in so far it was possible assistance should be given to him and the local authorities were instructed accordingly. and he decided that Joint Stock Company should be formed. Barron become the agent and ultimately brought the concern in the name of John O’Barrien Saunders who was interned financed by messes. Robert Russel Carew form that the company now takes its name first came to Rosa on the 11th march with a view to joining Barron in his business. Layll Dennie & Co. Gladstone lyall & company. Lyall Marshall& Company. The Mutiny broke out in Shahjahanpur on the 31st of May and the factory at Rosa was plundered. The first Managing agents weer Messsrs. Gray & Co. The Government of Bangladesh in pursuance of President’s order no. The registered office of the company was subsequently transferred from Karachi to Dacca (now Dhaka). Unit III – Biofertilizer: Biofertilizer means the fertilizers derived from biological waste such as house hold waste & drug. Unit II . Kushtia. relating to Darsana factory were transferred to Pakistani company at a consideration value of Rs. Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 7 Islamic University. Then preferred an appeal against this order of the high court before the supreme court-Pakistan and obtained an interim order preserving status ago. J. ’65.Sugar Mill: Sugarcane is used as raw material to produce sugar and by the time molasses is produced as a byproduct. Molasses contains 48-52% of total sugar and it was then used by the yeast to produce ethyl alcohol. where press mud waste are used as raw materials.M. This sugar mill plays a vital role in our economy. nationalized the Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Ltd and put it under the management of Bangladesh Sugar & Food Industries Corporation and is continuity as such till to date. However. 1964. molasses is used to produce alcohol in this unit.444. as follows: Unit I . 51 of 1971. As a result such vending agreement the properties were transferred to Pakistani company managing the distillery at the Darsana factory but Pakistani company could not float shears for subscription. and M/S. This sugar is qualitatively and quantitatively perfect in our country and foreign country. Calcutta. therefore we will stick to Unit I and Unit II. The board of directors of Carew & Company (Pakistan) Ltd. Organic biofertilizer are thoroughly produced from the third unit of Carew & Company. the director of Carew & Co. BD . The hearing of the said appears was awaited until the liberation of Bangladesh. Large scale of sugar demand is now full filled by this great sugar mill. published in the Extraordinary Bangladesh Gazette on 23rd may. Press mud are waste produced as the byproduct of alcohol production. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED this asset and liability of the Carew & Co Ltd. Ltd on September 21. There are three major units in Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Ltd. which is then used to produce distilled alcoholic beverages. Carew & Co. these units are related to each other. Different Unit of Carew & Company Ltd. 1964.. Ltd and 3 others become the chairman and director of the Pakistani company. 1972. in this unit.Distillery: Byproduct of sugar mill. Mr. and discuss further in details.33.. our tour is totally intended for the study of the fermentation process and distillery unit. though it received permission from the controller of capital issues in July. Carew & Company (Pakistan) Ltd. in terms of which all the assets & liability as on September 30. the name of the company was changed and renamed as Carew& Company (Bangladesh) Ltd. Bannerman. After liberation in 1972 the Government of Bangladesh directed that wherever the word ‘Pakistan’ exists should be replaced with ‘Bangladesh’. From this sensitive corner. challenged the government order including ownership of the property and filed write petition in favors of declaring the company as enemy property by Government. With the outbreak of Indo-Pak war in Sept. A vending agreement was then reached between the Carew & Co (Pak) Ltd. 1965.1. by virtue of which the company continued to be in possession and management of the property and business. the Government declared the property as enemy property. and pay the consideration value to Carew & Co. and we see a bunch of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain which was yeast (commonly called fungi). we entered into the industrial area at 10. There we saw some big size fermenter in which yeast are continuously cultured within diluted molasses and urea is provided as the source of nitrogen.16 am with our coordinators and the authority of Carew and Company. Md. Md. But they were able to do it by their billions of collective efforts. and it’s more like fish bubbling in the water at the time of feeding. split us into two groups so that we can visit and explore more comfortably. chemist Mr. I got Dr. not so clear though! After exploring the distillery lab. Azizul Islam. 2015. we left our university campus at 7. at 9. the chairman of our examination committee. which was really incredible thing to see because yeasts are too minute to create such bubbling. Abul Kalam Azad showed us a microbial strain through the microscope. Razibul Islam gave a wonderful speech about the basic process of molasses fermentation and the production of distilled alcoholic beverages.45 am and after a short brief by our respectable teachers. Abul Kalam Azad. At first he took us to the distillery laboratory for showing us the basic protocol. Dr.30 am for industrial tour and destined for Darshana distilleries by the Kushtia – Jhenida Road. Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 8 Islamic University. I took a macro-shot of yeast strains which is provided above.. Rezuanul Karim and Md. BD . On the 27th April. Md. Kushtia. Luckily. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED Visit to Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Ltd. He also showed us stock solution and yeast mother strain on semi solid media. Dr. stock culture of molasses and yeast strains along with other teachers. Chemist Razibul Islam led us to the fermentation house to show us what and how fermentation occurs in the fermenter and how the distillation of alcohol works. Jhenida – Chuadanga Road and finally by Darshana distilleries routes. In the meantime. Shortly after the entrance. We arrived in front of Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Ltd. Figure-3: Microphotograph of Saccharomyces Figure-4: Stock solution of molasses and mother cerevisiae strain of yeasts. they start bubbling. In the laboratory. We were amazed when urea is given to yeasts as feed. we moved to the fermentation house. Abul Kalam Azad in our group. In the former. we exit the fermentation house and moved to the Rectified Spirit Vat House followed by the Foreign Liquor Production Division. Then we met the other group and rest teachers in front of DS Godown. bottling and packaging are done manually by hand. BD . Figure-6: Packaging and bottling of foreign liquor brands After visiting the foreign liquor production house. Tsarina Vodka. After this. There. and observed the mechanism of distillation and production of safe spirit through the distillation process. ENA plant and Distillation plant. Imperial Whisky. Then GM Md. there are many rectified spirit containing vat of varying size. Md. but he assured that he will Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 9 Islamic University. Abdul Kuddus. Those foreign liquor were: Yellow Label Malted Whisky. we took some photographs with Dr. Abdul Kuddus. Gold Riband Gin. Abdul Kuddus told us about the future plans and their system’s advancement and its negative side. showed us seven foreign liquor brand and gave a brief and intellectual speech. Old Rum and Rosa Rum. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED Figure-5: Extra Neutral Alcohol (ENA) plant house Then we went to the Yeast plant. In the foreign liquor production division. Kushtia. Fine Brandy. Abul Kalam Azad and Distillery General Manager (GM) Md. Distillery General Manager Md. 51 am and go to the historical place. Various places we visited with time we arrived there are listed in the following table. and we cordially welcomed him and took some photographs with all. we left Darshana Distilleries at 11.00 PM Leave Islamic University Campus 4. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED change the plot as a whole if he capable. then we got back to our campus and our industrial tour is end by then. Kushtia. Md. Aftab Hossain is came to meet us with his family. Distillery GM Md. Then we got some fun and launch at Sundian Chinese Restaurant. we got into the bus and came back to our lovely campus. He also invite us to do research or job in their industry and appreciate us for visiting their company.00 PM Arrival Islamic University Campus 6. Abdul Kuddus and chemist Razibul Islam Finally. 11. Meanwhile.42 PM Visit Aath Shaheed Sriti Complex 2.30 AM Arrival Carew & Company (BD) Ltd. Finally.45 AM Leave Carew & Company (BD) Ltd. EVENTS PLACES TIME Departure Islamic University Campus 7. then to Aath Shaheed Smriti Complex (recreation program discussed later in details). the father of one of our friend Setu.51 AM Arrival Mujibnagar Amrokanon 12.15 PM Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 10 Islamic University. After having launch. A Combo Tour at a Glance Our industrial tour plan was visiting Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Ltd. but we also visited Mujibnagar Amrokanon and Aath Shaheed Smriti Complex. Md. we go to Sundian Chinese Restaurant for having launch.10 PM Lunch Sundian Chinese Restaurant 3. Mujibnagar Amrokanon. Lastly. Dr. Abul Kalam Azad. BD . Figure-7: Our group photo in front of foreign liquor brand division with our coordinator. 9. . we passed a wonderful day with both academic purposes and refreshment with full of joy. we often heard of. Further distillation will increase the alcohol strength and produce spirits of many types. Chuadanga was involved with this primitive process. Objectives of Our Tour In course of our academic study. with an acid pH and depleted in nutrients for most contaminating microorganisms. We really enjoyed the day and it was a big day for us all. leading in many cases to improved organoleptic properties. To know the present advancement of fermentation technology. e. Molasses is received from the sugar factory. and obviously our study tour to Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Ltd. When these substrates are incubated with suitable microorganisms and allowed to ferment. The alcoholic beverages can be drunk fresh but normal practice for many requires a period of storage or ageing. Fermentation is very important for all kind of biological system. which contain 48% to 52% of total sugar. The starting material normally comprises either sugary materials (fruit. whisky. gin. which can contain between 40 and 50% ethanol. plant sap. which need to be hydrolyzed to simple sugars before the fermentation. To know the major types of product by molasses fermentation. Whatever. vodka. our main purposes of this industrial tour was to understand the fermentation process in a close view and to estimate the importance of fermentation technology in our daily life. Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 11 Islamic University. To know the difference between recombinant strain and mother strain in fermentation. rum.g. The main objectives of our industrial tour are given below: To gain or achieve the practical experience of fermentation system. produces alcoholic beverage only from the distilled liquors (spirit) based on the yeast fermentation process of molasses. Distillation Process of Carew & Company Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Ltd. juices. brandy. and To know how to face major problems related to fermentation technology. etc... To know how alcohol is produced by fermentation process. fermentation is very popular process. sugarcane. Kushtia. BD . honey) or starchy materials (grains or roots). at Darshana. the end-product is a liquid containing anything from a few percent up to 16% or more of alcohol. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED In a nutshell. It is to be mentioned that H2SO4 is used for the hydration of ethylene thereby help producing ethyl alcohol. there are 160-220 million yeasts per milliliter of culture. At this stage. Yeast Culture within Yeast Plant Yeast grown in laboratory condition cannot be used instantly. 10 liters of cultured yeasts from laboratory is mixed with 100 liters of sterilized diluted molasses media. The detailed procedure from molasses to spirit is very long and step by step process and all the steps are briefly described below. Yeast Plant II and Yeast Plant III.P and 1 liter of H2SO4 are added to the wort and heated it until it reaches at the temperature of 110-115⁰C. Kushtia. Yeast Plant I. Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 12 Islamic University. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED Figure-8: Distillery laboratory at Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Ltd. sterilized wort allowed to cool down so that it can be used in Yeast Plant. Finally. Sterilization of Wort For sterilization. This way sterilization of wort was completed. Then 500 gram of T. Then 500 gram urea and 1-2 penicillin is added to the media and allowed for the propagation of yeasts for 12 hours. BD . Detailed process of serial culture is given below: Yeast Plant I: Firstly. Before using.S. 500 liters). However. 14-14.5 brix of wort poured into the plant till the one third portion of plant (approximately. yeast must be cultured in yeast plant through the series of plants. the yeast species used in this context is Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 0 brix by the addition of appropriate amount of wort. Yeast Plant III: In the very same manner. 2 kg of urea and 1 kg of T. it was upgraded to the 9. 500 gram of urea and 2 penicillin are added to the media and allowed propagation for 8-10 hours. Like Plant I. BD . The amount of media in plant III is about 2500 liters. after 8-10 hours. There are three successive steps through which pitch vat is filling up. then it is ready to pour into pitch vat. The amount of media in plant II is 500 liter.S. Now.5 from plant III. Figure-10: Distillery part of fermentation house with Yeast and ENA plant Filling the Pitching Vat The next task after yeast culture is to fill the pitching vat. They are provided below: Step I: If the media brix is 6-6. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED Figure-9: Three yeast plant Yeast Plant II: After 12 hours.P is added to the pitch vat. Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 13 Islamic University. Kushtia. 2 liters of H2SO4. yeast from 1st Plant are transferred into Yeast Plant II. yeasts from plant II are transferred to the Yeast Plant III and 1 kg of urea and 3 penicillin is added to the media. Meanwhile. Meanwhile. The whole process is very long and it takes about 110-120 hours. Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 14 Islamic University. For one single fermentation vat. fermentation vat of 16.S. if the brix of the media is down to 6-6. Kushtia. When the media brix is again 6-6. when the media brix is get lower to 6-6.000 gallons capacity is filled up stepwise with wort. 3500 gallons of yeast media from pitching vat is taken into one fermentation vat.000-17. Alcohol or spirit is produced by the fermentation process by the following way: ?????????? ?12 ?22 ?11 → ?6 ?12 ?6 + ?6 ?12 ?6 ?????? ?6 ?12 ?6 → 2?2 ?5 ?? + 2??2 ↑ As soon as the fermentation in a fermentation vat is completed. 2 kg of urea and 1 kg of T. Then. another more pitching vat is filled.5. then pitch vat is make full with appropriate amount of wort. and 2 kg of T. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED Step II: Again. 2 liters of H2SO4. BD . 4 kg of urea. Step III: In this step. Time needed for fermentation is about to 24- 30 hours. total 10-12 kg of urea is added by three times and total 8-10 liters of H2SO4 added by two times. In the same way.S.0 brix with appropriate amount of wort.P is added to the wort.P is added again.5.5. At this stage. half of the total amount of yeast is transferred to another pitching vat. it is subjected to fractional distillation by which spirit is isolated. Figure-11: Pitching vat besides the distillation room Fermentation Process To carry out the fermentation process. 4 kg of H2SO4. it is to be upgraded to 9. rectified alcohol. also known as neutral spirits. or ethyl alcohol of agricultural origin is highly concentrated ethanol which has been purified by means of repeated distillation. Rectified Spirit Rectified spirit. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED Figure-12: Fermentation in a large fermentation vat Figure-13: Yeasts bubbling during the urea feeding Grading of Spirit There are four types of spirit produced by the distillation at Darshana distilleries. and Extra Neutral Alcohol (ENA). Country Spirit (CS). Kushtia. BD . They are: Rectified Spirit (RS). Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 15 Islamic University. Denatured Spirit (DS). a process that is called rectification. to discourage recreational consumption. methyl ethyl ketone. The main additive has traditionally been 10% methanol. methyl isobutyl ketone. Denaturing alcohol does not chemically alter the ethanol molecule. perfumeries as well as for the production of white alcohol brands such as vodkas. The Potable alcohol is a triple distillated alcohol with negligible impurities to be used in the high cosmetic industry. it is also dyed. It is generally distilled from sugarcane molasses. Rather. In some cases. Because of the diversity of industrial uses for denatured alcohol. hundreds of additives and denaturing methods have been used. extremely bad tasting. the ethanol is mixed with other chemicals to form an undrinkable solution. giving rise to the term "methylated spirits". foul smelling or nauseating. Other typical additives include isopropyl alcohol. Figure-14: Outline of overall process of fermentation and distillation Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 16 Islamic University. Denatured Spirit Denatured alcohol. Extra Neutral Alcohol Extra neutral alcohol is colorless and has a neutral smell and taste. Denatured alcohol is used as a solvent and as fuel for alcohol burners and camping stoves.6% ABV when produced using conventional distillation processes. The purity of rectified spirit has a practical limit of 95. The distillation method used can also be patent still or continuous distillation method. and denatonium. liquors and aperitifs. is ethanol that has additives to make it poisonous. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED It typically contains 95% alcohol by volume (ABV) (190 US proof). also called methylated spirits or spiritus. BD . acetone. because a mixture of ethanol and water becomes an azeotrope at this concentration. Kushtia. It has a strength of 75 proof when bottled. It is used as a base for manufacturing Indian made foreign liquor. Neutral spirits are used in the production of blended whiskey. are just recent upcomings. Following seven brands are well-known and rest two. BD .76% Imperial Whisky RS + Distilled Water + Whisky Flavor + Caramel 42.76% Fine Brandy RS + Distilled Water + Brandy Flavor + Caramel 42. possibly because ethanol is a quickly absorbed source of food energy and dilates peripheral blood vessels. which was certainly a major factor in their popularity. In places and eras with poor public sanitation. hence they are not provided in the following list. consumption of alcoholic beverages (particularly weak or "small" beer) was one method of avoiding water- borne diseases such as the cholera. Carew and Company produces nine brand of foreign liquor products which are all distilled alcoholic beverages with 42.76% Caramel CS + Distilled Water + Matured in Wooden Vat + Rosa Rum 42.76% CS + Distilled Water + Matured in Wooden Vat + Old Rum 42.76% alcohol contents or 75 proof.76% Caramel Figure-15: All nine foreign liquor brand in one shot Uses of Alcoholic Beverages Alcoholic beverages are very important in our daily life. Orange Crackao and Cherry Brandy. Kushtia. and Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 17 Islamic University. alcoholic beverages are commonly consumed at the major daily meals (lunch and dinner). strong alcoholic beverages are popularly seen as a way to "warm up" the body.76% Malted Whisky Malted Whisky Flavor + Caramel Tsarina Vodka RS + Distilled Water 42. In colder climates.76% Yellow Label ENA + Distilled Water + Malt + Yellow Label 42. such as Medieval Europe. some are given below: In many countries. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED Foreign Liquor Products At present. Ethanol of alcoholic beverages allows them to be stored for months or years in simple wood or clay containers without spoiling. These are used in various purposes. BRAND NAME COMPOSITION ALCOHOL CONTENT Gold Riband Gene ENA + Distilled Water + Gin Flavour (from IFF) 42. e. Abdul Quddus. Fish and Poultry Feed Production “Poultry feed is produced from microbial biomass from tannery industry. respectively” said Distillery General Manager Md. we try to focus on poultry and fish feed production from our yeast biomass which is a pure old strain. therefore. large scale production of existing products and their globalization. the more taste will be but long ageing time is very difficult to maintain and a restriction for production increment.” said Md. BD . bottle are purchased from other industry which is less productive and loss of huge money. Globalizing and Product Improvement Carew & Company is one of the industry of its kind. has done some breakthrough work on ageing time. Distillery General Manager of Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Ltd. Distillery General Manager at Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Ltd. Carew & Company has some other interests in different direction. fish feed production. Future Plan of Carew & Company Limited Besides production of distilled alcoholic beverages. Carew & Company have made a decision to manufacture bottle by own for their product and obviously it will upgrade the company and its quality by many times. reduce ageing time of some of their brand without harming taste and flavor. Reducing Ageing Time Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Ltd. In this case. and thus it would not create antibiotic resistance in human” said Md. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED In many cultures. “We are successfully able to reduce 6 years and 3 years of ageing into 6 month and 3 month. Instead of these above mentioned uses. sugar and biofertilizers. the consumption of alcohol is strictly prohibited both as a social function and as a religious rite by most of the religions. Information obtained from law enforcement authorities. it has antibiotic resistance effects which is transferred into our body due to long time consumption of poultry meat thereby increase antibiotic resistance in our body. Yet. Abdul Quddus. alcoholic beverages — mostly because their neurological effects — have also played an important role in various kinds of social interaction.. treatment providers and other sources indicate that problems of alcohol abuse have become quite common in Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 18 Islamic University. Kushtia. The more ageing time. “We successfully produced a lemon flavored (which is imported from France) liquor named as ‘Orange Crackao’. and they constantly focusing on their production increment. He further added that they are working on it. They mainly focus on how to increase the distilled alcoholic beverages production by many fold as of today. So. Abdul Quddus. Bottle Manufacturing At present. Keeping it mind. Another bigger steps they are trying to achieve that is to globalize their products and make some of the novel category of alcoholic beverages. both contemporary and historical. the problem of alcoholism is becoming a threat to the nation’s welfare. Alcoholic Beverages in Bangladeshi Perspective In Bangladesh. i. Carew & Co. there are many more useful aspects of alcoholic beverages that make it so popular in the present world. In addition. without knowing the strength. are most vulnerable to this problem. In addition. and molasses. there was an incident of alcohol poisoning in the north- eastern town of Narsingdi. In the following year. their strength and true picture of alcohol use so that strategy plan can be developed of its healthy use if needed at all. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED Bangladesh. 4.9 (males) and 4. According to the 2003 World Health Survey (total sample size n = 282. BD . World Drink Trends 2003 Figure-16: Statistical record of adult per capita alcohol consumption (age 15+) Although no systematic assessment has been undertaken so far to establish the prevalence and patterns of substance abuse in Bangladesh. statistically recorded adult per capita alcohol consumption (age 15+) is provided below: # Sources: FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). people are using different types of homemade alcoholic beverages as such in a risk of health hazards as well as death. Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 19 Islamic University. Carew & Company should aware of these issues. males n = 275 and females n = 7).9 (total). where 96 people reportedly died and more than 100 hospitalized as a result of drinking illegal homemade liquor. Kushtia. At least 90 Bangladeshis died in 1998. some crude forms are produced and used by the poor. local alcoholic beverages called cholai and tari are consumed by the lower socioeconomic classes. Moreover. It is noted that the younger generation. reports from different governmental and non- governmental drug addiction and treatment centers and from various journals and studies report increasing drug-related crimes in the country. the mean value (in grams) of pure alcohol consumed per day among drinkers was 4.1 (females). In Bangladesh. A national survey need to be conducted to obtain how many types of alcoholic beverages being manufactured. Alcohol is being produced by some pharmaceutical industries in Bangladesh. while workers drink another distilled beverage called Bangla Mad. especially students. Although the problem is more serious in urban areas of the country (probably due to easy accessibility of alcoholic beverages). sugar-cane. usually by fermentation of boiled rice. However. after consuming illegal homemade alcohol. there are indications that it is emerging at an increasing rate in rural areas. about 50 miles from the capital Dhaka. including 70 in Gaibandha. It is a great lament for me to say that clean and safety protocol is not maintained at Carew and Company (Bangladesh) Ltd. A few brands of spirits have fruit or herbs Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 20 Islamic University. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED Recommendation for Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Ltd. Maintaining of Aseptic Condition One of the major problem. yeasts) are responsible for the conversion of sugar into ethanol. BD . It is said that the more ageing time the greater taste and quality of the beverages but it is now possible to reduce ageing time without harming the taste and quality. or after distillation. some measures can be taken in account for the increment of production and quality of alcoholic beverages through optimizing the existing plant in many other ways. and walk on it with continuity. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (named turbo) from the beginning. This contamination issue should be fixed as soon as possible because this industry is going to flood the whole country in near future. Carew & Company (Bangladesh) Ltd. So it is essential to prepare beverages in a safe. recombinant superior yeasts should be developed through mutation and selection. we found at Carew & Company in the maintenance of sterile condition. It should be automatic in which clean and safety protocol will be exclusively maintained. Different types of microbes vary in their metabolism and therefore in alcohol. Increased Taste and Flavor Beer and wine may be flavored before fermentation. Kushtia. usually American or French oak. during. they may give us food poisoning (resulting. Spirits may be flavored before. If germs (such as harmful micro-organisms and parasites) get into our foods and drinks. in diarrhoea or vomiting). They still work manually which is not safe rather very risky and unproductive. In Carew & Company. quality of beverage vary according to the strain used in fermentation. Development of improved and superior microbial strain is very important in case of large scale production of alcohol because old or natural strain might not work as efficiently as of today’s. Carew and Company already done some work on it. Sometimes. Sterile condition is not maintained in this industry and therefore the beverages produced by this industry should be subjected for the contamination test prior to marketing. Superior Microbial Strain Microbes (specifically. hygienic way. In such case. To increase the production rate in short time with constant quality. I think some aspects of the distilleries should be analyzed and should have taken some measures. Sometimes flavor is obtained by allowing the beverage to stand for months or years in oak barrels. Existing Plant Optimization Sometimes new setup is problematic and costly too. Following recommendations are intended for the improvement or the better output of the Industry we visited last week. Some ideas are as follows: Reduction of Ageing Time Ageing time is very important for taste and flavor in case of alcoholic beverages but it’s difficult to maintain for long time. which is not so efficient. Different types of strain are used different types alcoholic beverages or one type of beverages. Clean and Safety Protocol It is very important that the beverages we drink is to be clean and safe. for example. they use an old yeast strain. Although the state gained independence only in December 1971. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED inserted into the bottle at the time of bottling. It is a common reference for the government in exile formed by the leaders of the Awami League. Kushtia. the Mujibnagar government is recognized as the first official government of Bangladesh. contamination risk could be high from this undisposed wastes. Mujibnagar. Figure-17: Recreation at Meherpur Amrokanon Whatever. Then we went to the Sundian Chinese Restaurant for having lunch. There we had our lunch with all of our friends and respectable teachers. BD . formerly known as Baidyanathtala is a town in the Meherpur District of Bangladesh. did some fun with my friends. After finishing there. we found at Darshana distilleries. We enjoyed the place very much and took part in some snapshot. where eight martyrs are murdered during the liberation war. the Mujibnagar government was served as the nominal head of the pro-independence guerrilla militias. mainly the Mukti Bahini. In addition. the authority of the Carew & Company should take an action immediate in this matter. we explored the area (but not fully because of time). It should not be like this because alcohol is highly inflammable and other wastes as by product could be the reasons of environmental hazard. who were leading the guerrilla war for the independence of Bangladesh (then East Pakistan) from Pakistan (then West Pakistan) in 1971. Waste Management Waste disposal and proper effluent treatment is another big issue. we went to another historical place Aath Shaheed Smriti Complex. Throughout the war with the Pakistan Army. Refreshment Program After finishing our visit to Darshana Distillery. I enjoyed that very much because it was the first Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 21 Islamic University. Therefore. It was really a touchy place and it remind us about our liberation war. This industry is concerned at this matter but it should be more. we had a detour to the historical place Mujibnagar Amrokanon. Web: http://biotech. 5th Edition. We should do more practical works like this because it help us to be creative. New Delhi: S. Although. Nordic Food Club (2012) Fermentation: Traditional biotechnology. P.: Pearson Education Inc. 387-401. M. (1993) A Text Book of Biotechnology. BD .org/blog/2012/03/fermentation-traditional-biotechnology. industrial tour is very much important along with theoretical knowledge so that we could see how theory works in real life and what it could be and I think these small practical knowledge would be the greatest asset to our higher education. However.com/od/glossary/g/Fermentation. Gerard J. we set out for our campus finally. (1984) Principle of Fermentation Technology. It still rejoices mine. By visiting Darshana distilleries. I really enjoyed this industrial tour. Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 22 Islamic University. J. ISBN: 81-219-2608-4 Pelczar. After having meal. covering such important areas as food and medicine. Kushtia. Funke. R. (2010) Microbiology: An Introduction. Industrial Journal of Biotechnology. it is very important for a person who is destined to be biotechnologist or researcher of biological science. fermentation is very important as I said earlier. or conceive the fuel from which innovative something could be done (who knows!). We always confined to our theoretical stage but it’s obviously needed to do something in practical rather than reading.about. because biological science is not a steady and constant science rather it’s an ever growing and never ending science which is still at its childhood.. Chand & Company.. J. Conclusion Fermentation technology is a very vibrant and fast growing area of biotechnology.. Hall J. New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd. (1986) Microbiology. Reference Dubey. It encourages us to learn something new and motivated to do something better. F. ISBN-13: 978-0-321-55007-1 Stunbury. 10th Edition. The reason behind this is. Burlington: Butterworth-Heinemann: ISBN 0-7506-4501-6 Barrios. and reached at evening. U. C.S. we learn something in real life which boost up ourselves to work on biological science. I never forget this lovely memory of my industrial tour. or maybe I didn’t get it. and learnt many things which was slipped through from our course curriculum. absorbing an ever increasing process and products. Chapter 17: pp.. we have to live in a practical life where something occurs in real. so if we don’t have enough knowledge to deal with the real life circumstances then we have nothing. industrial tour is part of our 3rd year academic course. Tomashini A. Ram Nagar. from my point of view.htm. 2nd Edition. Krieg. S. 4th Edition. in the service of mankind. ISBN: 0-07-049234-4 Tortora. B. Chapter 1-2. research or in our professional life. Biotech (2013) fermentation. (2002) Microbial Secondary Metabolites Production and Strain Improvement. Lastly. N. fermentation technology has a longer and brighter future. This types of tour increases our practical knowledge. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED industrial tour in my life. R. Web: http://nordicfoodlab. With a longer history than any area of biological sciences. who.] Distillation of alcohol. A REPORT ON VISITING CAREW & COMPANY (BANGLADESH) LIMITED Wikipedia Free Online [n. General Chemistry [n.d.] Distillation.umass.pdf.edu/people/samal/269/distill.edu/~jaltig/Distillation.pdf. Kushtia. Web: http://en.chem.d] Denatured Alcohol. BD . Web: http://www.org/wiki/Denatured_alcohol World Health Organization (2003) WHO Global Status Report on Alcohol: Bangladesh. Web: http://www.nmt.pdf Zulkar Nain Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering 23 Islamic University. Web: http://infohost.int/substance_abuse/publications/en/bangladesh. Chemumass [n.wikipedia.d.