Reference 2

March 27, 2018 | Author: Trisna Dea Anindya Sari | Category: Coffee, Agriculture, Economies, Food & Wine, Food And Drink


Comments



Description

222DAFTAR PUSTAKA Adams, M. A. 2006. A multi-criteria evaluation methodology for an econo-mically and environmentally sustainable coffee industry. Nova Scotia: Dalhousie University (Ph.D Dissertation). Adji, M. M. 2011. Konsep pengembangan ekonomi lokal perkotaan, makalah pada Sosialisasi Pengembangan Ekonomi Lokal Perkotaan se-Provinsi Riau, Pekan Baru, 18 Juli 2011, Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional RI. www.usdrp-indonesia.org/files/downloadContent [diakses 5 September 2011] Agergaard, J., N. Fold, and K.V. Gough. 2009. Global-local inter-actions: socio- economic and spatial dynamics in Vietnam's coffee frontier, The Geographical Journal 175 (2): 133-145. [AKSI] Asosiasi Kopi Spesial Indonesia. 2010. The 1 st Indonesia Specialty Coffee Auction, Bali, 9-10 October 2010. http://www.sca-indo.org [diakses 5 September 2011] Alam, S. 2007. Kelayakan pengembangan kopi sebagai komoditas unggulan di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Socio-Economic of Agriculture and Agribusiness SOCA 7 (2): 1-14. Albertin, Andrea; and P. K. R. Nair. (2004). Farmers‟ perspectives on the role of shade trees in coffee production systems: an assessment from the Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica. Human Ecology 32 (4): 443-463. Alburquerque, Francisco. 2004. Local economic development and decentralization in Latin America, Cepal Review 82:155-169. Alipour, Mohammad. 2011. Working capital management and corporate profitability: evidence from Iran, World Applied Sciences Journal 12 (7): 1093- 1099. Ambarsari, Arum; Sri Widodo dan Sutrilah. 2004. Studi komparatif usahatani kopi robusta organik dengan nonorganik di Kecamatan Samigaluh Kabupaten Kulonprogo. Agrosains 17 (1): 143-155. Amsalu, Aklilu; and Eva Ludi. 2010. The effect of global coffee price changes on rural livelihoods and natural resource management in Ethiopia: A case study from Jimma Area, NCCR North-South Dialogue No. 26. Ancok, Djamaludin. 1995. “Validitas dan reliabilitas instrumen penelitian”. Metode penelitian survai, Eds. Masri Singarimbun dan Sofian Effendi, Jakarta: LP3ES. 149-174. Arief, M. Chandra Wirawan; Mesin Tarigan, Ramainim Saragih, dan Fazrin Rahmadani. 2011. Panduan sekolah lapangan budidaya kopi konservasi, berbagi pengalaman dari Kabupaten Dairi Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Jakarta: Conservation International Indonesia. Arifin, Bustanul. 2011. Ekonomi kopi Indonesia di tengah dinamika global. http://www/metrotvnews.com/read/analisdetail/2011/05/05/159/... [diakses 2 September 2011] Aristizábal, Luis F.; Mauricio Jiménez, Alex E. Bustillo and Steven P. Arthurs. 2011. Monitoring cultural practices for Coffee Berry Borer Hypothenemus hampei Universitas Sumatera Utara 223 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) management in a small coffee farm in Colombia. Florida Entomologist 94 (3): 685-687. Atekan; Nicolas, D. Wamaer, dan P. Beding. 2005. Teknologi pemupukan organik dan introduksi ternak kambing pada usaha tani kopi bio di Wamena Kabupaten Jayawijaya, Papua. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Komunikasi Hasil-hasil Penelitian Hortikultura dan Perkebunan dalam Sistem Usahatani Lahan Kering, Sikka, Nusa Tenggara Timur, PSE Bogor, p. 530-535. Bacon, Christopher. 2005. Confronting the coffee crisis: can Fair Trade, Organic, and specialty coffees reduce small-scale farmer vulnerability in Northern Nicaragua?, World Development 33 (3): 497-511. Bacon, Christopher; V. Ernesto Méndez, María Eugenia Flores Gómez, Douglas Stuart, and Sandro Raúl Díaz Flores. 2008. Are sustainable coffee certifications enough to secure farmer livelihoods? The Millenium Development Goals and Nicaragua's Fair Trade Cooperatives, Globalizations 5 (2): 259-274. Bartik, Timothy. 2003. Local economic development policy, Upjohn Institute Staff Working Paper No. 03-91. Beding, P. dan J. Limbongan. 2005. Kajian pengendalian hama penggerek buah kopi (Hypothenemus hampei) dengan Beuveria bassiana. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Komunikasi Hasil-hasil Penelitian Hortikultura dan Perkebunan dalam Sistem Usahatani Lahan Kering, Sikka, Nusa Tenggara Timur, PSE Bogor, p. 159-162. Bentley, Jeffery W.; and Peter S. Baker. 2000. The Colombian Coffee Growers‟ Federation: organised, successful smallholder farmers for 70 years. Agricultural Research & Extension Network (AgREN), Network Paper No. 100. Bernas, Siti Masreah. 2011. Effect of coffee pulp compost and terrace on erosion, run-off and nutrients loss from coffee plantation in Lahat Regency, South Sumatra. Journal Tropical Soils 16 (2): 161-167. Birkholzer, Karl. 2005. Local economic development and its potential, paper for the seminar on “Local Economic Development”, Brcko. www.apreis.org/.../eco. dev. loc_karl.birk_ev.p... [diakses 5 September 2011] Blakely, Edward James. 1994. Planning local economic development: theory and practice, California: SAGE Publications, Inc. Bogopane, L. P. 2012. Qualitative analysis of the local economic development (LED) strategy in the Ngaka Modiri Molema District, North West Province, South Africa. Journal of Social Science 30 (1): 1-10. Bolarinwa, Kolade Kamilu; and E. O. Fakoya. 2011. Impact of farm credit on farmers socio-economic status in Ogun State, Nigeria, Journal of Social Science 26 (1): 67-71. Bote, Adugna D.; and Paul C. Struik. 2011. Effects of shade on growth, production and quality of coffee (Coffea arabica) in Ethiopia, Journal of Horticulture and Forestry 3 (11): 336-341. [BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Simalungun. 2011. Produk Domestik Regional Bruto Kabupaten Simalungun Tahun 2010, Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Simalungun dan Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Kabupaten Simalungun. Universitas Sumatera Utara 224 [BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik Sumatera Utara. 2011. Sumatera Utara Dalam Angka 2010, Badan Pusat Statistik Sumatera Utara. [BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Simalungun. 2011. Simalungun Dalam Angka 2011, Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Simalungun dan Bappeda Simalungun. Brambilla, Irene; and Guido G. Porto (2006). Farm productivity and market structure: evidence from cotton reform in Zambia, Policy Research Working Paper 3904, The World Bank. Brawn, James Dean. 2001. Can we use tthe Spearrman--Brrown prophecy fforrmulla tto deffend llow rrelliiabiilliitty?, Shiken: JALT Testing & Evaluation SIG Newsletter, 4 (3): 7-11. Bray, David Barton; Jose Luis Plaza Sanchez, Ellen Contreras Murphy. 2002. Social dimensions of organic coffee production in Mexico: Lessons for eco-labeling initiatives, Society and Natural Resources 15: 429-446 Bungin, M. Burhan. 2008. Metode penelitian kuantitatif, komunikasi, ekonomi, dan kebijakan publik serta ilmu-ilmu sosial lainnya, Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media. Chmura, Krzysztof; and Azamat Orozobekov. 2009. Decentralization and local government program in the Kyrgyz Republic, Handbook on How to Manage Local Economic Development, USAID Central Asian Republics. pdf.usaid.gov/ pdf_docs/PDACP757.pdf [diakses 5 September 2011] Clarke, R. J.; and R. Macrae. 1985. Coffee (Volume I: Chemistry), London: Elsevier Applied Science Publisher, London. Claro, Priscila Borin de Oliveira; and Danny Pimentel Claro. 2003. Discussing ecological, economic and social sustainability of the Brazillian organic coffee growers. IV Congresso Internacional de Economia e Gestão de Redes Agroalimentares. Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade de Ribeirão Preto/USP-Outubro de 2003. www.pensaconference.org/siteantigo/.../ 038.p... [diakses 5 September 2011] [CQI] Coffee Quality Institute. 2008. Overview of ICP Criteria, Responsibilities & Q Grading Protocols, California: Coffee Quality Institute. Cochran, William G. 1977. Teknik penarikan sampel, Trans. Rudiansyah, Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press. Danse, Myrtille; and Teun Wolters. 2003. Sustainable coffee in the mainstream, the Case of the SUSCOF Consortium in Costa Rica. GMI 43: 37-51. www.iscom.nl/ publicaties/danseprf2.pdf [diakses 4 Januari 2010] Daryanto, Arief; dan Yundy Hafizrianda. 2010. Model-model kuantitatif untuk perencanaan pembangunan ekonomi daerah: konsep dan aplikasi, Bogor: IPB Press. Davidoff, Paul; and Thomas A. Reiner. 1978. “A choice theory of planning”. A reader in planning theory, Ed. Andreas Faludi, Pergamon Press. 11-39. Dianpratiwi, T. 1998. Faktor-faktor komunikasi dalam adopsi inovasi pengendalian hama terpadu (IPM) penggerek buah kopi, Pelita Perkebunan 14 (3): 184-196. Dinas Perkebunan Kabupaten Simalungun. 2007. Perwilayahan KIMBUN Kabupaten Simalungun, Dinas Perkebunan Kabupaten Simalungun. Universitas Sumatera Utara 225 [Disbun] Dinas Perkebunan Kabupaten Simalungun. 2009. Upaya percepatan dan kendala Program Revitalisasi Perkebunan Kabupaten Simalungun, Dinas Perkebunan Kabupaten Simalungun. [Disbun] Dinas Perkebunan Kabupaten Simalungun. 2010. Rencana Strategis SKPD Dinas Perkebunan Kabupaten Simalungun Tahun 2011-2015. [Disbun] Dinas Perkebunan Kabupaten Simalungun. 2011. Statistik Perkebunan: Komoditas Kopi. [Disperindag] Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Kabupaten Simalungun. 2010. Rencana Strategis SKPD Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Kabupaten Simalungun Tahun 2011-2015. [Ditjenbun] Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan. 2010. Rencana Strategis Pembangunan Perkebunan 2010-2014, Kementerian Pertanian RI. [Ditjenbun] Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan. 2011. Luas areal dan produksi perkebunan seluruh Indonesia menurut provinsi dan status pengusahaan: komoditas kopi. http://www.ditjenbun. go.id [diakses 4 Januari 2010] [Ditjenbun] Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan. 2011a. Menteri Pertanian: peranan perkebunan tetap penting, Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan. http://www. ditjenbun.deptan.go.id [diakses 9 Januari 2011] [Ditjenbun] Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan. 2011b. Nilai PDB perkebunan mengalami peningkatan Rp104,51 triliun pada tahun 2010, Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan. http://www. ditjenbun.deptan.go.id [diakses 9 Januari 2011] Diskin, Patrick. 1997. Agricultural productivity indicators measurement guide, Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance (FANTA) Project. USAID. pdf.usaid.gov/ pdf_ ocs/PNACG169.pdf [diakses 4 Januari 2010] Doutriaux, Sylvie; Charles Geisler, Gerald Shively. 2008. Competing for coffee space: development-induced displacement in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. Rural Sociology 73 (4): 528-554. Dradjat, Bambang; Adang Agustian, dan Ade Supriatna. 2007. Ekspor dan daya saing kopi biji Indonesia di pasar internasional: implikasi strategis bagi pengembangan kopi biji organik. Pelita Perkebunan 23 (2): 139-159. Dubois, Pablo. 2001. International cooperation for the development of a sustainable coffee economy. The First Asian Regional Round-Table on Sustainable, Organic and Specialty Coffee Production, Processing and Marketing. Royal Project Foundation and FAO, Chiang Mai, Thailand. www.fao.org/ organicag/.../ organic-coffee.ht... [diakses 10 September 2011] Dusseldorp, D. B. W. M. van.1983. “The place of regional planning in the process of planned development”. Framework for regional planning in developing countries, Eds. J. M. Van Staveren and D. B. W. M. Van Dusseldorp, International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement/ILRI, Publication 26, Wageningen. 6-36. Dusseldorp, D. B. W. M. van and J. M. van Staveren. 1983. “The interdisciplinary procedure of regional planning”. Framework for regional planning in developing countries, Eds. J. M. Van Staveren and D. B. W. M. Van Dusseldorp, International Institute for Land Reclamation and Improvement/ILRI, Publication 26, Wageningen. 37-49. Universitas Sumatera Utara 226 Elevitch, Craig; Travis Idol, J. B. Friday, Chris Lepczyk, Virginia Easton Smith, and Scot C. Nelson. 2009. Shade-grown coffee for Hawai„i: results of a twelve farm study in Kona, Permanent Agriculture Resources (PAR), Holualoa, Hawaii. http://www.agroforestry.net/caf [diakses 17 Maret 2012] Ellis, Jason; Dan Henroid, Catherine Strohbehn, and Lester Wilson. 2004. On-farm food safety: Guide to good agricultural practices (GAPs). University Extension, Iowa State University, Ames, IA (October). http://www.extension. iastate.edu/Publications/PM1974A.pdf [diakses 27 September 2012] Erlina. 2011. Metodologi penelitian. USU Press. European Commission. 2001. A framework for indicators for the economic and social dimensions of sustainable agriculture and rural development. Agriculture Directorate-General, European Commission. http://www.ec.europa.eu/ agriculture/publi/reports/sustain/index_en.pdf [diakses 22 Februari 2011] [FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization. 1997. Household goals, farm planning objectives, system planning and performance criteria. FAO Farm Systems Management Series-13. http://www. fao.org/docrep/w7365e/w7365e09.htm [diakses 16 November 2010] Fauziyah; Fitri Agustriani, dan Tuti Afridanelly. 2011. Model produktivitas hasil tangkapan bottom gillnet di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara (PPN) Sungailiat Provinsi Bangka Belitung, Jurnal Penelitian Sains 14 (3D): 56-60. Fuglie, Keith. 1999. Investing in agricultural productivity in Indonesia, Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomika 17 (2): 1-16. Fuglie, Keith; and David Schimmelpfennig. 2010. Introduction to the special issue on agricultural productivity growth: a closer look at large, developing countries. Journal of Productivity Analysis 33:169-172. Giovannucci, Daniele; Jason Potts with B. Killian, C.Wunderlich, G. Soto, S. Schuller, F. Pinard, K. Schroeder, I. Vagneron. 2008. Seeking Sustainability: COSA Preliminary Analysis of Sustainability Initiatives in the Coffee Sector. Committee on Sustainability Assessment:Winnipeg, Canada. Giovannucci, Daniele; and Andres Villalobos. 2007. The state of organic coffee: 2007 US Update. CIMS: San Jose, Costa Rica. Giovannucci, Daniele; and Joost Pierrot. 2010. Is coffee the most popular organic crop?, FiBL and IFOAM: The World of Organic Agriculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends 2010, Bonn and Frick. Giugale, Marcelo; and Luff Lafourcade. 2003. Coffee in Colombia, the economic foundation of peace. The World Bank. Glasson, John. 1977. Pengantar perencanaan regional, Trans. Paul Sitohang, Jakarta: Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi UI. [GDS] Global Development Solutions. 2007. Integrated value chain analysis for coffee production in Indonesia (draft 1), Reston: Global Development Solutions. Gregory, Alexandra; and Allen M. Featherstone. 2008. Nonparametric efficiency analysis for coffee farms in Puerto Rico, Selected paper prepared for presentation at the Southern Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting, Dallas. Universitas Sumatera Utara 227 Gujarati, Damodar N. 1988. Basic econometrics, Singapore: McGraw-Hill Book Company. Gusli, Sikstus. 2012. Menuju formula pemupukan kopi: pengalaman IFC. Makalah pada Seminar Nasional “Balanced-Nutrition and Sustainable Soil Fertility Management in Aabica Coffee Production in North Sumatra and Aceh”, Program Pascasarjana Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara, AMARTA II, dan PT. Meroke Tetap Jaya, Medan, 22 Mei 2012. Gustomo, Aurik; M. Parulian Hutagaol, Sjafri Mangkuprawira, Utomo Sarjono Putro. 2011. Pengaruh nilai-nilai personal dalam perspektif dimensi multikultural terhadap kinerja tim dengan kepemimpinan kolaboratif sebagai variabel moderator, Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi 10 (1): 29-41. Handayani, M. Th.; dan Ratna Komala Dewi. 2006. Produktivitas tenaga kerja perempuan pada panen dan pascapanen tanaman kopi, Piramida 2 (2): 94-100. Hartatri, D. Faila Sophia; dan Bernard de Rosari. 2011. Analisis Usahatani dan Rantai Pemasaran Kopi Arabika di Kabupaten Manggarai dan Manggarai Timur, Pelita Perkebunan 27 (1): 55-67. Heidkamp, Patrick; Dean M. Hanink, Robert G. Cromley. 2008. A land use model of the effects of eco-labeling in coffee markets, Annals Regional Science (2008) 42: 725-746. Heimlich, Ralph. 2003. Agricultural resources and environmental indicators. Agriculture Handbook 722. www.ers.usda.gov/publications/arei/ ah722/.../ arei5-1productivity.pdf [diakses 22 Februari 2011] Herman. 2003. Membangkitkan kembali peran komoditas kopi bagi perekonomian Indonesia, Makalah untuk Mata Kuliah Filsafat Ilmu, Sekolah Pascasarjana Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor. Hermanto. 2009. Reorientasi kebijakan pertanian dalam perspektif pembangunan berwawasan lingkungan dan otonomi daerah. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian 7 (4): 369-383. Huntsberger, David V.; and Patrick Billingsley. 1973. Elements of statistical inference, Boston: Allyn and Bacon, Inc. Hutabarat, Budiman. 2004. Kondisi pasar dunia dan dampaknya terhadap kinerja industri perkopian nasional. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi 22 (2): 147-166. Hutabarat, Budiman. 2006. Analisis saling pengaruh harga kopi Indonesia dan dunia. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi 24 (1): 21-40. Hutagalung, Bongsu. (2005). Analisis pendapatan usahatani kopi dan kaitannya dengan pengembangan wilayah Kabupaten Karo. Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Sumatera Utara (Tesis Magister tidak dipublikasikan). Hutauruk, Erwin Hasudungan. 2008. Pengaruh pendidikan dan pengalaman petani terhadap tingkat produktivitas tanaman kopi dan kontribusinya terhadap pengembangan wilayah di Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara. Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Sumatera Utara (Tesis Magister tidak dipublikasikan). Ibanez, Marcela. 2010. Adoption of certified organic technologies: the case of coffee farming in Colombia, Proceedings of the German Development Economics Conference, Hannover, Conference paper No. 58, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/ 39997 [diakses 17 Maret 2012] Universitas Sumatera Utara 228 Ibrahim, Hadiyan Wijaya; and Suhaiza Zailani. 2010. A review on the competitiveness of global supply chain in a coffee industry in Indonesia, International Business Management 4 (3): 105-115. [ICO] International Coffee Organization. 2009a. Opportunities and challenges for the world coffee sector, Multi-stakeholder Consultation on Coffee of the Secretary- General of UNCTAD, Geneva: International Coffee Organisation. [ICO] International Coffee Organization. 2009b. Statistic on coffee. http://www.ico.org/coffee_prices [diakses 4 Januari 2010] [ICO] International Coffee Organization. 2010. The story of coffee. http://www.ico.org/coffee_story.asp [diakses 23 Februari 2010] [IFC-YAPEKO] dan PT Indo Cafco. 2011a. Manajemen kesuburan tanah dan pemupukan tanaman kopi arabika, praktek budidaya yang berkelanjutan, International Finance Corporation, Yayasan Petani Kopi Sumatera Utara, dan PT Indo Cafco. [IFC-YAPEKO] dan PT Indo Cafco. 2011b. Pusat Pelatihan Petani (Farmers Training Center), Meningkatkan pendapatan petani melalui produksi kopi secara berkelanjutan (bosur FTC), International Finance Corporation, Yayasan Petani Kopi Sumatera Utara, dan PT Indo Cafco. [ILO] International Labor Organization. 2010. Gender mainstreaming in local economic development strategies: A guide, Geneva: ILO Bureau for Gender Equality. Indrawati, Yuliani. 2006. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja guru matematika dalam pelaksanaan KBK pada Sekolah Menengah Atas Kota Palembang. Jurnal Manajemen & Bisnis Sriwijaya 4 (7): 41-58. Iqbal, Muhammad. 2007a. Concept and implementation of participation and empowerment: reflection from the Coffee IPM-SECP. Makara Sosial Humaniora 11 (2): 58-70. Iqbal, Muhammad; dan Iwan Setiajie Anugerah. 2009. Rancang bangun sinergi kebijakan agropolitan dan pengembangan ekonomi lokal menunjang percepatan pembangunan wilayah. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian 7 (2): 169- 188. Isard, Walter. 1975. Introduction to regional science, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliffs. Iskandar, Otto. 2002. Etos kerja, motivasi dan sikap inovatif terhadap produktivitas petani. Makara Sosial Humaniora 6 (1): 26-29. [ITC] International Trade Center. 2011. Trends in the trade of certified coffees, Technical Paper, Geneva: International Trade Centre. Izuchukwu, Oji-Okoro. 2011. Analysis of the contribution of agricultural sector on the Nigerian economic development. World Review of Business Research 1 (1): 191-200. James, Sara-Beth; Thomas W. Ilvento, and Steven E. Hastings. 2002. The effect of local economic development policy on employment growth in rural counties in the Mid-Atlantic Region, FREC SP02-0, Newark: University of Delaware. Joseph, Carmel. 2002. Local economic development and job creation, Occasional Paper No. 7, Friedrich Ebert Stiftung South Africa Office. Universitas Sumatera Utara 229 Kadir, Syafruddin; A. Darmawidah dan M. Zain Kanro. 2004. Pengaruh pemangkasan terhadap pertumbuhan dan komponen produksi tanaman kopi. Jurnal Agrivigor 4 (1): 15-20. Kadir, Syafruddin; dan M. Zain Kanro. 2006. Pengaruh pupuk organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi kopi arabika. Jurnal Agrivigor 6 (1): 85-92. Kamau, Mercy W.; Lawrence Mose, Ricardo Fort, and Ruerd Ruben. 2010. The impact of certification on smallholder coffee farmers in Kenya: the case of Utz certification program, Contributed Paper presented at the Joint 3rd African Association of Agricultural Economists (AAAE) and 48th Agricultural Economists Association of South Africa (AEASA) Conference, Cape Town, South Africa, September 19-23, 2010. Karim, Abubakar. 2012. Pengelolaan lahan kopi arabika Gayo berbasis satuan lahan dan hubungannya dengan Indikasi Geografis. Makalah pada Seminar Nasional “Balanced-Nutrition and Sustainable Soil Fertility Management in Aabica Coffee Production in North Sumatra and Aceh”, Program Pascasarjana Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara, AMARTA II, dan PT Meroke Tetap Jaya, Medan, 22 Mei 2012. [Kementan] Kementerian Pertanian RI. 2009. Rancangan Rencana Strategis Kementerian Pertanian Tahun 2010-2014, Kementerian Pertanian RI. [Kementan] Kementerian Pertanian RI. 2010a. Pedoman teknis perluasan areal perkebunan TA. 2010, Kementerian Pertanian RI. [Kementan] Kementerian Pertanian RI. 2010b. Pedoman umum pelaksanaan pengembangan/ rehabilitasi kopi organik (specialty) tahun 2010. Kementerian Pertanian RI. [Kementan] Kementerian Pertanian RI. 2012. Pedoman teknis pelaksanaan Indikasi Geografis Tahun 2012. Direktorat Pengembangan Usaha dan Investasi, Direktorat Jenderal Pengolahan dan Pemasaran Hasil Pertanian, Kementerian Pertanian RI. Kerlinger, Fred N. 1990. Asas-asas penelitian behavioral, Trans. Landung R. Simatupang, Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press. Khair, A., 2009. Komoditi kopi Sumatera Utara diminati dan diakui dunia internasional, Harian Analisa (27/05/2009), http://www.analisadaily.com/ index.php? [diakses 25 Juli 2011] Komisi Penyuluhan Kabupaten Simalungun. 2009. Rekomendasi/bahan pertimbangan dalam upaya memberhasilkan program dan kegiatan lingkup pertanian tahun 2009. Koutsoyiannis, A. 1977. Theory of econometrics: an introductory exposition of econometric methods, New York: Macmillan Press Ltd. Kurniawan, Deni. 2008. Tabel Distribusi, Dilengkapi metode untuk membaca Tabel Distribusi. FORUM STATISTIKA - http://ineddeni.wordpress.com. Kustiari, Reni. 2007. Perkembangan pasar kopi dunia dan implikasinya bagi Indonesia. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi 25 (1):43-55. Laba, I Wayan, 2010. Analisis empiris penggunaan insektisida menuju pertanian berkelanjutan, Pengembangan Inovasi Pertanian 3 (2): 120-137. Universitas Sumatera Utara 230 Litman, Todd. 2011. Planning principles and practices, Victoria Transport Policy Institute. Lubis, Suwardi. 1997. Metodologi penelitian sosial, Medan: USU Press. Lubis, Suwardi. 2002. Metode penarikan sampel, Medan: USU Press. Lyngbæk, A. E.; R. G. Muschler, and F. L. Sinclair. 2001. Productivity and profitability of multistrata organic versus conventional coffee farm in Costa Rica. Agroforestry System 53: 205-213. Magnani, Robert. 1997. Sampling guide, Washington: Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance Project (FANTA). Mahdi, Shireen. 2010. The impact of regulatory and institutional arrangements on agricultural markets and poverty, A case study of Tanzania‟s coffee market. Discussion Paper Series, IPPG Programme Office, IDPM, School of Environment & Development. University of Manchester, Manchester. www.ippg.org.uk [diakses 31 Maret 2011] Mantra, Ida Bagus; dan Kasto. 1995. “Penentuan sampel”. Metode penelitian survai, Eds. Masri Singarimbun dan Sofian Effendi, Jakarta: LP3ES. 149-174. Marsh, Antony. 2005. A review of Aceh coffee industry. UNDP ERTR Livelihood Component. Marsh, Tony; dan Jeff Neilson. 2007a. Mempertahankan profitabilitas industri kopi Toraja. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR). Canberra, Australia. Marsh, Tony; dan Jeff Neilson. 2007b. Mempertahankan profitabilitas industri kopi Flores. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR). Canberra, Australia. Masuda, Tadayoshi. 2007. Economic analysis of organic farming – The case of Cona Coffee Industry in Hawaii. University of Hawaii (Ph.D Dissertation). Mawardi, Surip. 1993. Research on organic arabica coffee farming in Indonesia. Proceedings of ASIC Conference 15 th . Montpellier. Mawardi, Surip; J. Avelino, B. Sallee, J.J. Perriot, D. Sautier, C. Lelong, M. Jacquet, F. Ribbeyre, V. Keller. 2005. Developing Geographical Indication Protection in Indonesia: Bali Kintamani Arabica Coffee as a preliminary case, Presented at the “Seminar on Geographical Indication: A Land of Opportunities”, Hanoi (Vietnam), 15–16 November 2005 and Jakarta (Indonesia), 6–7 December 2005. Mawardi, Surip. 2006. Coffee in Indonesia: A potential commodity to be protected and promoted by Geographical Indications, EU-ASEAN Regional Seminar & Exhibition on the Protection and Promotion of Geographical Indications (GIs) “Land of Tradition and Opportunities”, Bangkok. Mawardi, Surip. 2007. Promoting specialty coffee from Indonesia to be protected by Geographical Indication: A case study on Kintamani Bali Arabika, Seminar on Georaphical Indications (GIs), Phnom Penh. Mawardi, Surip. 2008a. Strategi ekspor komoditas perkebunan dalam situasi krisis finansial: kasus pada kopi. Makalah disampaikan dalam Seminar Nasional dan Display Product dalam rangka Dies Natalis ke-44 Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jember. Universitas Sumatera Utara 231 Mawardi, Surip. 2008b. Geographic coffees from Indonesia and its potential to support world espresso coffee industry. 39 th International Coffee Day Conference. Trieste-Italy. Mawardi, Surip. 2008c. Use Geographical Indications for coffee: experience of Indonesia, presented at the “ICO Seminar on Geographical Indication for coffee, London. Mawardi, Surip; Retno Hulupi, Aris Wibawa, Soekadar Wiryadiputra, dan Yusianto. 2008. Panduan budidaya dan pengolahan kopi arabika Gayo, Pusat Penelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia, APED, Bappeda NAD dan UNDP, Banda Aceh. Mawardi, Surip. 2009. Establishment of Geographical Indication Protection system in Indonesia, case in coffee, Worldwide Symposium on Geographical Indications, jointly organized by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and the Patent Office of the Republic of Bulgaria, Sofia, June 10 to 12, 2009. Mawardi, Surip; dan Soekadar Wiryadiputra. 2009. Recent status of coffee berry borer in Indonesia. ICO Seminar on Coffee Berry Borrer, London. Méndez, V. Ernesto; Christopher M. Bacon, Meryl Olson, Seth Petchers, Doribel Herrador, Cecilia Carranza, Laura Trujillo, Carlos Guadarrama-Zugasti, Antonio Cordón, and Angel Mendoza. 2010. Effects of Fair Trade and organic certifications on small-scale coffee farmer households in Central America and Mexico, Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 25 (3): 236-251. Miraza, Bachtiar Hassan. 2005. Peran kebijakan publik dalam perencanaan wilayah. Jurnal Perencanaan & Pengembangan Wilayah Wahana Hijau 1 (2): 45-49. Mulyoutami, Elok; Endy Stefanus, Wim Schalenbourg, Subekti Rahayu, dan Laxman Joshi. 2004. Pengetahuan lokal petani dan inovasi ekologi dalam konservasi dan pengolahan tanah pada pertanian berbasis kopi di Sumberjaya, Lampung Barat, Jurnal Agrivita 26 (1): 98-107. Moreira, C.F.; E. De Nadai Fernandes, and F. S. Tagliaferro. 2008. Shaded coffee: a way to increase sustainability in Brazilian organic coffee plantations, 16 th IFOAM Organic World Congress, Modena, Italy, June 16-20, 2008. http://orgprints.org/12399 [diakses 17 Maret 2012] Mustika, Ika. 2005. Konsepsi dan Strategi Pengendalian Nematoda Parasit Tanaman Perkebunan di Indonesia, Perspektif 4 (1): 20-32. Mutsotso, Beneah M.; and Joseph K. Chirchir. 2005. The socio-economic aspect of sustainable agriculture and conservation of agrobiodiversity in Embu and Taita Districts, Kenya. Paper presented at The Global Conference on Conservation and Management of Below Ground Biodiversity, Brazil. Naidu, R. 2001. Research priorities for coffee in the new millenium. The First ICO World Conference, Report of the Proceedings. Nazir, Mohamad. 2009. Metode penelitian, Bogor: Ghalia Indonesia. Neilson, Jeff. 2011. Producer versus buyer-driven approaches to regional branding in the Indonesian coffee industry. Economic Geography University of Sydney Australia. www.kipo.go.kr/.../FileDown.jsp?... [diakses 3 Desember 2011] Ni, X; J. Lu, F.Q. Gao, L. Lan, C.L. Pan, and Y.Q. Wu. 2010. Scenario analysis of sustainable development of the world largest alluvial island with high Universitas Sumatera Utara 232 urbanization rate: the socioeconomic development and environment protection, International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology 2 (7): 23-30. Nurmalina, Rita. 2008. Analisis indeks dan status keberlanjutan sistem ketersediaan beras di beberapa wilayah Indonesia, Jurnal Agro Ekonomi 26 (1): 47-79. Ongge, Joice Katerine; Wilson Halomoan Limbong, dan Endriatmo Soetarto. 2002. Analisis curahan kerja wanita dan kontribusinya terhadap pendapatan petani di Kabupaten Jayawijaya, Irian Jaya. Forum Pascasarjana 25 (1): 41-53. Olujenyo, Fasoranti Olayiwola. 2008. The determinants of agricultural production and profitability in Akoko Land, Ondo-State, Nigeria, Journal of Social Sciences: 4137-4141. Osborne, David; dan Ted Gaebler. 2003. Mewirausahakan birokrasi: Mentransformasikan semangat wirausaha ke dalam sektor publik, Trans. Abdul Rosyid, Jakarta: Penerbit PPM. Ottaway, Anny. 2007. A rapid assesment of the spesialti coffee value chain in Indonesia, United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Owuor, Joseph. 1998. Determinants of agricultural productivity in Kenya, Conference on "Strategies for Raising Productivity in Agriculture", Egerton University/ Tegemeo Institute of Agricultural Policy and Development, Nairobi, Kenya. Pay, Ellen. 2009. Increasing incomes and food security of small farmers in West and Central Africa through exports of organic and fair-trade tropical products. Trade and Markets Division, FAO, Rome. www.fao.org/.../organicexports/.../ market_or... [diakses 3 Desember 2011] Peraturan Menteri Pertanian RI Nomor 33/Permentan/OT.140/7/2006 tanggal 26 Juli 2006 tentang Pengembangan Perkebunan melalui Program Revitalisasi Perkebunan. Peraturan Pemerintah RI Nomor 31 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan Wilayah Geografis Penghasil Produk Perkebunan Spesifik Lokasi. Peraturan Pemerintah RI Nomor 15 Tahun 2010 tentang Penyelenggaraan Penataan Ruang. Pindyck, Robert S.; and Daniel L. Rubinfeld. 1991. Econometric models and economic forecasts, Singapore: McGraw-Hill Book Co. Poudel, Krishna Lal; Naoyuki Yamamoto, Yasuhiro Sugimoto, Aya Nishiwaki, and Hideyuki Kano. 2010. Estimation of production function and resource use condition of organic coffee cultivation in different farm size and altitude categories in the hill region of Nepal. European Journal of Scientific Research 45 (3): 438-449. Poudel, Krishna Lal; Naoyuki Yamamoto, Yasuhiro Sugimoto, Aya Nishiwaki, and Hideyuki Kano. 2011. Comparing technical efficiency of organic and conventional coffee farms in Nepal using data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach. 85rd Annual Conference of the Agricultural Economics Society, Warwick University. Prasmatiwi, Fembriarti Erry; Irham, Any Suryantini, dan Jamhari. 2010. Analisis keberlanjutan usahatani kopi di kawasan hutan Kabupaten Lampung Barat dengan pendekatan nilai ekonomi lingkungan, Pelita Perkebunan 26 (1): 57- 69. Universitas Sumatera Utara 233 Pratisto, Arif. 2009. Statistik menjadi mudah dengan SPSS 17, Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo. Promar International. 2001. Brazil coffee to 2010, implications for global coffee players: management summary, Virginia: Promar International. Pujiyanto. 2007. Arah menuju produksi kopi berkelanjutan. Warta Pusat Penelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia 23 (1): 1-10. Pujiyanto. 2001. Pengaruh teras dan tanaman penguat teras terhadap erosi dan produktivitas kopi arabika. Pelita Perkebunan 17 (1): 18-29. Purwita, Tjipta; Harianto, Bonar M. Sinaga dan Hariadi Kartodihardjo. 2009. Analisis keragaan ekonomi rumahtangga: studi kasus pengelolaan hutan bersama masyarakat di Pangalengan Bandung Selatan, Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan 6 (1): 53-68. Pusat Bahasa RI. 2008. Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (dalam jaringan), http:// pusatbahasa.kemdiknas.go.id/kbbi/index.php [diakses 27 Juli 2011] Reimer, Neil. 2011. Detection, rapid response, and containment of coffee berry borer, a new threat to coffee production in Hawaii. Pacific Branch of The Entomological Society of America, Ninety-fifth annual meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii. http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/site/CBBSymposium11.aspx [diakses 3 Desember 2011] Rhinehart, Ric. 2009. What is specialty coffee, Specialty Coffee Association of America (SCAA). http://www.scaa.org/?page=RicArtp2 [diakses 4 Juli 2011] Rice, Robert. 2010. The ecological benefits of shade-grown coffee: The case for going Bird Friendly ® . Washington: Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center (SMBC) - National Zoological Park. Richardson, Harry W. 1973. Elements of regional economics, Middlesex: Penguin Education. Rogerson, Christian. 2009. Strategic review of local economic development in South Africa, Final Report Submitted to Minister Sicelo Shiceka, Supported by the Strengthening Local Governance Programme of GTZ. Roldán-Pérez, Adriana; Maria-Alejandra Gonzalez-Perez, Pham Thu Huong, and Dao Ngoc Tien (2009). Coffee, cooperation and competition: A comparative study of Colombia and Vietnam, UNCTAD Virtual Institute. http://www.vi.unctad.org/resources-mainmenu-64/digital-library?coffee... [diakses 3 September 2010] Rubiyo; W. Trisnawati, S. Guntoro, dan Destialisma. 2004. Pengaruh dosis pupuk kandang sapi terhadap produktivitas dan mutu kopi arabika di Bali, Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sistem Integrasi Tanaman Ternak, Bogor: Puslitbangnak, p. 396-400. Rustiadi, Ernan; Sunsun Saefulhakim dan Dyah R. Panuju. 2009. Perencanaan dan pengembangan wilayah, Jakarta: Crestpent Press dan Yayasan Obor Indonesia. Ruttan, Vernon W. 2002. Productivity growth in world agriculture: sources and constraints. Journal of Economic Perspectives 16 (4): 161-184. Sadikin, Ikin. 2002. Analisis daya saing komoditi jagung dan dampak kebijakan pemerintah terhadap agsibisnis jagung di Nusa Tenggara Barat pasca krisis ekonomi, Socio-Economic of Agriculture and Agribusiness SOCA 2 (1): 1-25. Universitas Sumatera Utara 234 [SAI] Sustainable Agriculture Initiative. 2009. Sustainable green coffee principles and practices table–working document. Sustainable Agriculture Initiative (SAI) Platform. http://www.saiplatform.org [diakses 9 November 2010] Saptana dan Ashari. 2007. Pembangunan pertanian berkelanjutan melalui kemitraan usaha. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian 26 (4): 122-130. Saragih, Jef Rudiantho. 2010. Kinerja produksi kopi arabika dan prakiraan sumbangannya dalam pendapatan wilayah Kabupaten Simalungun. Jurnal Visi 18 (1): 98-112. Schmidt-Kallert, E. 2005. A Short introduction to micro-regioanl planning. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Sub-regional Office for Central and Eastern Europe, Budapest. Schneider, Kate; and Mary Kay Gugerty. 2011. Agricultural Productivity and Poverty Reduction: Linkages and Pathways. The Evans School Review 1 (1): 56-74. [SCS] Scientific Certification System. 2007. C.A.F.E. Practices Generic Evaluation Guidelines 2.0, Starbucks Coffee Company. Sereke-Brhan, Heran. 2010. Coffee, culture, and intellectual property: lessons for Africa from the Ethiopian fine coffee initiative. The Pardee Papers/No. 11/July 2010. The Frederick S. Pardee Center for the Study of the Longer-Range Future, Boston University. Setyoko. 2008. Uji validitas dan reliabilitas pengaruh kewenangan, kemitraan, dan konflik terhadap efektivitas saluran distribusi minyak tanah menggunakan SPSS versi 13. Jurnal Orbit 4 (3): 554-557. Siregar, Hermanto. 2006. Social-economic reasons to soil conservation: an econometric analysis on cross-sectional Lore Lindu data, Jurnal Agro Ekonomi 24 (1): 1-20. Sirojuzilam. 2009. Disparitas ekonomi regional dan perencanaan wilayah, Pidato Pengukuhan Jabatan Guru Besar Tetap dalam Bidang Ilmu Ekonomi Regional pada Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Sirojuzilam. 2010. Perencanaan wilayah (regional planning), bahan kuliah Program Doktor Perencanaan Wilayah, Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Sumatera Utara. Sirojuzilam; dan Kasyful Mahalli. 2010. Regional: pembangunan, perencanaan dan ekonomi. Medan: USU Press. Sirojuzilam. 2008. Cross border spatial cooperation dalam konteks disparitas ekonomi wilayah Sumatera Utara, Jurnal Perencanaan & Pengembangan Wilayah Wahaya Hijau 4 (1): 37-41. Sirojuzilam. 2007. Perencanaan tata ruang dan perencanaan wilayah (Spatial planning and regional planning), Jurnal Perencanaan & Pengembangan Wilayah Wahana Hijau 2 (3): 142-149. Situmorang, Budi; Syamsul Maarif, Rina Oktaviani, dan Setia Hadi. 2008. Evaluasi keberlanjutan dan peran dimensi sosial dalam pembangunan Pulau Batam, JURNAL Komunitas 4 (1): 89-103. Soemarno, Djoko; Surip Mawardi, Maspur, dan Henik Prayuginingsih. 2009. Peningkatan nilai tambah pengolahan kopi arabika metode basah menggunakan Universitas Sumatera Utara 235 Model Kemitraan Bermediasi (Motramed) pada Unit Pengolahan Hasil di Kabupaten Ngada – NTT, Pelita Perkebunan 25 (2): 38-55. Soemarwoto, Otto. 2004. Ekologi, lingkungan hidup dan pembangunan, Jakarta: Penerbit Djambatan. Soto-Pinto, Lorena; Ivette Perfecto, Juan Castillo-Hernandez, and Javier Caballero- Nieto. 2000. Shade effect on coffee production at the northern Tzeltal zone of the state of Chiapas, Mexico, Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 80 (1- 2): 61-69. [SSC] State Street Coffee. 2004. Significant aspects: coffee growing and sustainability. State Street Coffee Company, Michigan. http://www.statestreet- coffee.com/eng/pdf/AnnualReport/2004/Significant%20Aspects.pdf [diakses 29 Maret 2011] Subiyakto. 2011. Teknologi pengendalian hama berbasis ekologi dalam mendukung pengembangan kapas. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian 30 (3): 81-86. Sudjarwo; dan Basrowi 2009. Manajemen penelitian sosial, Bandung: Mandar Maju. Sulistyowati, E. 1986. Masalah hama bubuk buah kopi, Hypothenemus hampei Ferr (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) dan usaha pengendaliannya, Pelita Perkebunan 2 (1): 10-18. Supriadi, Edy. 2007. Telaah kendala penerapan pengembangan ekonomi lokal: pragmatisme dalam praktek pendekatan PEL. Jurnal Perencanaan Wilayah dan Kota 18 (2): 103-123. Supriana, Tavi; dan Vita Lestari Nasution. 2010. Peran usaha TKI Purna terhadap pengembangan ekonomi lokal dan faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan usaha TKI Purna di Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Makara Sosial Humaniora 14 (1): 42-50. Susila, Wayan R. 1999. Keunggulan komparatif dan kompetitif kopi Indonesia. Pelita Perkebunan 15 (2): 129-140. Susila, Wayan R. 2005. Targeted study of the arabica coffee production chain in North Sumatra (The Mandheling Coffee). National Consultant Report, Food and Agriculture Organization. Susilo, Agung Wahyu. 2008. Ketahanan tanaman kopi (Coffea Spp) terhadap hama penggerek buah kopi (Hypothenemus hampei FERR). Review Penelitian Kopi dan Kakao 24 (1): 1-15. Suwarno, P.; Supriyadi, dan Ruspendi. 2005. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap produksi kopi (Coffea sp.) robusta di Pekon Ciptawaras Kecamatan Sumberjaya, Lampung Barat. Prosiding Lokakarya Nasional Pengembangan Pertanian Lahan Kering, Bandar Lampung: BPTP Lampung, p. 391-395. Sweet Maria. 2011. Green coffee offerings: Indonesia: Sumatra, about Sumatran coffee. http://www.sweetmarias.com/coffee.indonesia.sumatra.php [diakses 09 Juli 2011] Swinburn, Gwen; Soraya Goga, and Fergus Murphy. 2006. Local economic development: A primer developing and implementing local economic development strategies and action plans, The World Bank, Cities of Change, and Bertelsmann Stiftung. Universitas Sumatera Utara 236 Syahza, Almasdi. 2003. Rancangan model pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat pedesaan berbasis agribisnis di daerah Riau, Jurnal Pembangunan Pedesaan 3 (2): 1-16. Syauta, Risky Christian; dan Indra Widjaja. 2009. Analisis pengaruh rasio ROA, LDR, NIM, dan NPL terhadap abnormal return saham perbankan di Indonesia pada periode sekitar pengumuman subprime mortgage. Journal of Applied Finance and Accounting 1 (2): 351-367. Tarigan, Robinson. 2006. Perencanaan pembangunan wilayah, Jakarta: Bumi Aksara. Tarmizi, Ahmad. 2007. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi efisiensi saluran pemasaran karet rakyat di Jambi, Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen 5 (3): 412-417. Tatlidil, F. Fusun; Ismet Boz, and Hasan Tatlidil. 2009. Farmers‟ perception of sustainable agriculture and its determinants: a case study in Kahramanmaras province of Turkey. Environment, Development and Sustainability 11:1091– 1106. Thamrin; Surjono H. Sutjahjo, Catur Herison, dan Supiandi Sabiham. 2007. Analisis keberlanjutan wilayah perbatasan Kalimantan Barat-Malaysia untuk pengem- bangan kawasan agropolitan (studi kasus kecamatan dekat perbatasan Kabupaten Bengkayang), Jurnal Agro Ekonomi 25 (2): 103-124. Thirtle, Colin; Xavier Irz, Lin Lin, Victoria McKenzie-Hill, and Steve Wiggins, 2001, Relationship between changes in agricultural productivity and the incidence of poverty in developing countries (Report No. 7946). London: Department for International Development (DFID). Tihune, Asfaw; and Sahle Tesfai. 2007. Organic coffee production and sustainable agriculture (A Socio-ecological analysis): A case study in Limmuu Kossaa District. Presented to Tropentag. Addis Ababa. Ethiopia. Tim Redaksi Fokusmedia. 2007. Undang-Undang RI Nomor 26 Tahun 2007 tentang Penataan Ruang, Bandung: Penerbit Fokusmedia. Tiwari, Kul Prasad. 2010. Agricultural policy review for coffee promotion in Nepal. The Journal of Agriculture and Environment 11: 138-147. [UNCTAD-IISD]. 2003. Sustainability in the coffee sector: exploring opportunities for international cooperation, a background document for brainstorming mechanisms for sustainability in the coffee sector. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and International Institute for Sustainable Development. Undang-Undang RI Nomor 15 tahun 2001 tentang Merek. Undang-Undang RI Nomor 18 Tahun 2004 tentang Perkebunan. [UN-HABITAT]. 2009. Promoting Local Economic Development through Strategic Planning, The Local Economic Development Series, Volume 5: Trainer‟s Guide, United Nations Human Settlements Programme. [USAID-AMARTA]. 2010. Intervensi rantai nilai oleh AMARTA untuk mengem- bangkan daya saing kopi arabika Sumatera Utara. Makalah pada Workshop “Daya Saing Regional Agribisnis untuk Rantai Nilai Pertanian di Kabupaten Simalungun”, Pematangsiantar, 19 Januari 2010. Universitas Sumatera Utara 237 [USAID-AMARTA]. 2010. Buku panduan petani, budidaya tanaman kopi arabika di Sumatera Utara, USAID-AMARTA (Agribusiness Market and Support Activity) dan Specialty Coffee Association of Indonesia. Van Asten, P.J.A.; L.W.I. Wairegi, D. Mukasa, and N.O. Uringi. 2011. Agronomic and economic benefits of coffee–banana intercropping in Uganda‟s smallholder farming systems, Agricultural Systems 104 (2011) 326-334. Van der Vossen, H. A. M. 2005. A critical analysis of the agronomic and economic sustainability of organic coffee production. Experimental Agriculture 41: 449- 473. Valkila, Joni. 2009. Fair Trade organic coffee production in Nicaragua --Sustainable development or a poverty trap?. Ecological Economics (2009): 1-8. Vega, Fernando E. 2011. The coffee berry borer: an overview. Pacific Branch of The Entomological Society of America, Ninety-fifth annual meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii. http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/site/CBBSymposium11.aspx [diakses 3 Desember 2011] Verbist, Bruno; Andree Ekadinata Putra, dan Suseno Budidarsono. 2004. Penyebab alih guna lahan dan akibatnya terhadap fungsi Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) pada lansekap agroforestri berbasis kopi di Sumatera, AGRIVITA 26 (1): 29-38. Wahyudi, Teguh; Soetanto Abdoellah, Surip Mawardi, Sri Mulato, Pujiyanto, Aris Wibawa, dan John Bako Baon. 2006. Rumusan Simposium Kopi 2006. http://www.iccri.net. simpokopi06.htm [diakses 12 Juni 2009] Wahyudi, Teguh; dan Misnawi. 2007. Peluang dan tantangan komoditi kakao dan kopi untuk pasar Uni Eropa. Warta Pusat Penelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia 23 (3): 118-130. Watson, Kelly; and Moira Laura Achinelli. 2008. Context and contingency: the coffee crisis for conventional small-scale coffee farmers in Brazil, The Geographical Journal 174 (3): 223-234. Weisbrod, Glen; Teresa Lynch, and Margaret Collins. 2004. Handbook: Assessing Local Economic Development Opportunities with ARC-LEAP (Appalachian Regional Commission-Local Economic Assessment Package), Economic Development Research Group, Inc. Wiley, Larry P. 2011. Tutorial for independent-samples t test. Department of Psychology and Counseling, Valdosta State University. http://chiron.valdosta. edu/lwiley/writeresults/tutorial%20t%20test%20interactive.pdf [diakses 12 Januari 2012] Winaryo, A. M. Nur, dan Soenaryo. 1987. Regenerasi dan pertumbuhan kopi robusta berbatang ganda pada berbagai kerapatan penaung, Pelita Perkebunan 3 (3): 91-95. Winarsih, Sri. 1985. Kapasitas fotosintesis dan pengaruhnya pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman kopi, Menara Perkebunan 53 (6): 207-213. Winoto, Joyo; and Hermanto Siregar. 2008. Agricultural development in Indonesia: current problems, issues and policies. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian 6 (1): 11- 36. Wollni, Meike; and Bernhard Brümmer. 2009. Productive efficiency of specialty and conventional coffee farmers in Costa Rica: Accounting for technological Universitas Sumatera Utara 238 heterogeneity and self-selection, Discussion Papers, Courant Research Centre, Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen. Wollni, Meike; and Manfred Zeller. 2006. Do farmers benefit from participating in specialty market and cooperatives? The case of coffee marketing in Costa Rica. Contributed paper prepared for presentation at the International Association of Agricultural Economists Conference, Gold Coast, Australia, August 12-18, 2006. [WB] World Bank. 2011. Making local economic development strategies: A trainer‟s manual, http://www.worldbank.org/urban/local/toolkit/pages/defining-led.htm [diakses 28 September 2011] [WCED] World Commission on Environment and Development. 1987. Our common future, Melbourne: Oxford University Press. Wrigth, Mark G. 2011. Trapping in coffee berry borer management, Pacific Branch of The Entomological Society of America, Ninety-fifth annual meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii. http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/site/CBBSymposium11.aspx [diakses 3 Desember 2011] Yadessa, A.; J. Burkhardt, M. Denich, T. W. Gole, B. Bekele, and H. Goldbach. 2008. Effect of different indigenous shade trees on quality of wild arabika coffee in the Afromontane rainforest of Ethiopia, Poster presented at 22nd International Conference on Coffee Science (ASIC), Campinas-Brazil. http://www.asic-cafe.org/pdf/abstract/PA544_2008.pdf. [diakses 17 Maret 2012] Zaenudin. 2009. Good agricultural practices and sustainable coffee production. Modul Training of Trainers Course, Medan: IFC and PT. Indo Cafco. Zhen, Lin; and Jayant K. Routray. 2003. Operational indicators for measuring agricultural sustainability in developing countries, Environment Management 32 (1): 34-46. Universitas Sumatera Utara
Copyright © 2024 DOKUMEN.SITE Inc.