R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e sSCO 4 8 , I I n d Fl o o r , Se c t o r 2 0 C, CHANDI GARH Ph: 2 7 2 5 7 4 8 , 3 0 4 0 6 6 0 S C F 7 2 , S e c t o r 1 0 , P a n c h k u l a , P h : 3 9 1 4 8 4 4 Test-6 1 Dated: 31/01/10 Duration: Two Hour R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s SCO 4 8 , I I n d Fl o o r , Se c t o r 2 0 C, CHANDI GARH Ph: 2 7 2 5 7 4 8 , 3 0 4 0 6 6 0 S C F 7 2 , S e c t o r 1 0 , P a n c h k u l a , P h : 3 9 1 4 8 4 4 Test-6 2 PRACTI CE TEST CHE MI STRY for IIT IIT IIT IIT- -- -JEE JEE JEE JEE 2010 Section A 1. Which of the following would be most reactive towards aqueous AgNO 3 ? (a) CH 3 OCH 2 Cl (b) CH 3 OCH 2 I (c) CH 3 OCH 2 CH 2 Cl (d) CH 3 OCH 2 CH 2 I B 2. According to the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, as the wavelength of light used to locate an electron decreases, (a) the error in determining its position increases and the error in determining its momentum increases also. (b) the error in determining its position decreases and the error in determining its momentum decreases also. (c) the error in determining its position increases and the error in determining its momentum decreases. (d) the error in determining its position decreases and the error in determining its momentum increases. C 3. Which statement best explains why real gases sometimes exhibit a measured volume greater than that, which is calculated from the Ideal-gas Equation of State? (a) Collisions between molecules are not elastic (b) Significant intermolecular attractions exist between molecules (c) High temperatures result in a significant decrease in pressures. (d) Molecules have a finite size. D 4. The hemoglobin from the red corpuscles of most mammals contains approximately 0.33% iron by weight. If physical measurements indicate a molecular weight for hemoglobin of 68000 g/mol, how many iron atoms are there in each molecule of hemoglobin? (AW Fe= 56) (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4 D 5. A 0.518 g sample of limestone is dissolved in HCl and then the calcium is precipitated as CaC 2 O 4 . After filtering and washing the precipitate, it required 40 ml 0.25 N KMnO 4 solution acidified with H 2 SO 4 to titrate it as : MnO 4 - + H + + C 2 O 4 2- Mn 2+ + CO 2 + 2H 2 O. The percentage of CaO in the sample is (a) 54 (b) 27 (c) 42 (d) 84 A 6. Let the most probable velocity of hydrogen gas at a temperature t o C is V o . Suppose all the molecules dissociate into atoms when temperature is raised to (2t + 273) o C then the new RMS velocity is (a) 3 2 V o (b) ) 273 2 ( 3 t + V o (c) 2 3 V o (d) 6 V o D 7. Which of the following is not a redox reaction: (a) CH 2 =CH 2 + H 2 /Pt C 2 H 6 (b) CH 2 =CH 2 + Br 2 C 2 H 4 Br 2 (c) CH 2 =CH 2 + HBr C 2 H 5 Br (d) CH 3 CH 2 OH + Br 2 CH 3 CHO + 2HBr C 8. Consider the following resonance structures, the increasing order of their potential energy is: (a) 1<2<3<4 (b) 4<3<2<1 (c) 4<3<1<2 (d) 1<2<4<3 CN C=N CN CN - - - 1 2 3 4 + + + A 9. A solution containing pure dextro rotatory A is mixed with a solution containing B, an isomer of A and the resulting solution was found to rotate plane polarized light towards left. Which of the following statements concerning A and B can’t be true? (a) A and B are enantiomers. (b) A and B are distereomers. (c) Both solutions have same amount of stereo-isomer. (d) B has a plane of symmetry. D 10. Arrange the following molecules in increasing order of bond angles of their largest bond-angle: NCl 3 (I) NH 3 (II) H 2 CO(III) (CH 3 ) 2 C=O(IV) (a) I < II < III < IV (b) IV < III < II < I (c) II < I < IV < III (d) II < I < III < IV C R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s SCO 4 8 , I I n d Fl o o r , Se c t o r 2 0 C, CHANDI GARH Ph: 2 7 2 5 7 4 8 , 3 0 4 0 6 6 0 S C F 7 2 , S e c t o r 1 0 , P a n c h k u l a , P h : 3 9 1 4 8 4 4 Test-6 3 11. Rank the following molecules in increasing order of reactivity in nucleophilic substitution reaction with NaI /Acetone: (a) i < ii < iii < iv (b) iv < iii < ii < i (c) ii < iii < iv < i (d) iv < ii < i < iii C H 3 O CH 3 CH 3 S O O CF 3 C H 3 CH 3 CH 3 Cl C H 3 Cl CH 3 CH 3 C H 3 Br CH 3 CH 3 (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) C 12. Arrange the following in increasing order of reactivity with Br 2 in presence of FeBr 3 : (a) i < ii < iii < iv (b) ii < iv < i < iii (c) iv < iii < ii < i (d) iv < iii < i < ii (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) SMe CH 3 C H 3 Br CH 3 O D 13. A compound X(C 7 H 8 O) is insoluble in water, dilute HCl and aqueous NaHCO 3 but dissolve in dilute NaOH. When X is treated with bromine-water, it is converted into a compound of formula C 7 H 5 OBr 3 . Compound X is: OMe OH CH 3 OH CH 3 OH C H 3 (a) (b) (c) (d) C 14. Dissolving NH 4 Cl in water lowers the temperature of the system. For this dissolution process: (a) Both ∆H and ∆S are negative. (b) Both ∆H and ∆S are positive. (c) ∆H is negative and ∆S is positive. (d) ∆H is positive and ∆S is negative. B 15. Which of the above plots is obtained by plotting the molecular velocity on the vertical axis versus the molecular mass on the horizontal axis holding the temperature constant (a) (b) (c) (d) C 16. Consider the following redox reaction occurring in acidic medium : The unknown standard reduction potential is (a) -1.6 V (b) 1.6 V (c) -1.52 V (d) 1.52 V BrO 3 - BrO - Br 2 E o = 1.5 V E o = ? V E o = 1.6 V D 17. Boiling points of a 0.5 molal solution of a non-volatile, non-electrolytic substance is 100.4 o C. Boiling point of a 0.2 molal CaCl 2 solution in the same solvent will be? (a) 100.16 o C (b) 100.32 o C (c) 100.48 o C (d) 100.64 o C C 18. A solid containing two types of atoms A and B has cubic unit cell. A is present at body center and on alternate (non-adjacent) face centers while B is present on the alternate (non-adjacent) edge centers. The empirical formula of the solid is determined to be: (a) AB 2 (b) A 2 B (c) AB (d) A 2 B 3 B 19. At a total pressure P 1 and P 2 atm, N 2 O 4 is dissociated to an extent of 33% and 50% respectively. Calculate the ratio P 1 /P 2 : (a) 7/4 (b) 7/3 (c) 8/3 (d) 8/5 C 20. For chemisorption of a gas on a solid surface- (a) both ∆H o and ∆S o must be positive. (b)∆H o should be positive and ∆S o should be negative. (c) both ∆H o and ∆S o must be negative. (d) ∆H o should be negative and ∆S o should be positive. B 21. Colloidal solution shows Tyndal effect because? (a) It is a general properties of most of the solution in which solid solutes are dissolved in liquid solvent. (b) Size of the solute particle is sufficiently large to collide with the photons giving rise to scattering phenomena. (c) Solute particle absorbs some of the wavelengths from the visible light. (d) Solute particles are highly unstable in the colloidal solution. B R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s SCO 4 8 , I I n d Fl o o r , Se c t o r 2 0 C, CHANDI GARH Ph: 2 7 2 5 7 4 8 , 3 0 4 0 6 6 0 S C F 7 2 , S e c t o r 1 0 , P a n c h k u l a , P h : 3 9 1 4 8 4 4 Test-6 4 22. Given: Mg(s) + 2HCl MgCl 2 (aq) + H 2 ∆H = -467 kJ/mol; MgO(s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl 2 (aq) + H 2 O ∆H = -151 kJ/mol According to the information, and given the fact that for water, ∆H f o = -286 kJ/mol, what is the ∆H f o for MgO(s) (a) -904 kJ/mol (b) -602 kJ/mol (c) -334 kJ/mol (d) -30 kJ/mol B 23. Rank the following compounds in decreasing order of reactivity in electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction: (a) IV > I > III > II (b) III > I > IV > II (c) I > III > IV > II (d) III > II > I > IV O O N H O (I) (II) (III) (IV) C 24. Consider the following amino acids: (a) Isoelectric pH of I is < than 7.0 while that of II is > than 7.0. (b) Isoelectric pH of I is > 7.0 while that of II is less than 7.0. (c) Both have same isoelectric pH. (d) Isoelectric pH can’t be compared from structure only. N H 2 CH COOH CH 2 COOH NH NH 2 C N H 2 CH COOH CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 NH Aspartic acid(I) Arginine(II) A 25. Which of the following molecules are not correctly matched to the strongest intermolecular force experienced by that molecule? (a) SO 3 , dispersion force (b) NF 3 , dipole-dipole force (c) F 2 C=CF 2 , dipole-dipole force (d) CH 3 CH 2 NH 2 , hydrogen bonding C 26. It is found that when SrF 2 is added to water, at equilibrium [Sr 2+ ] = 8.76 x x10 -4 M. and [F-] = 1.75 x 10 -3 at 25 o C. What is the K sp of the reaction: (a) 5.4 x 10 -6 (b) 2.7 x 10 -9 (c) 1.35 x 10 -9 (d) 4.96 x 10 -3 . B 27. The relative amounts of the following ions produced when an aqueous solution of anthranilic acid (also called ortho-aminobenzoic acid) is reacted with 0.25 mole equivalents of NaOH: (a) i < ii < iii (b) i < iii < ii (c) ii < i < iii (d) ii < iii < i NH 2 COOH COO NH 3 COO NH 2 (i) (ii) (iii) + B 28. Provide reagents for the following transformation: (a) 1. Na, ether 2. Benzyl alcohol (b) 1. Br 2 , uv light 2. Benzyl alcohol (c) 1. NaNH 2 2. Phenyl Bromide (d) 1. NaNH 2 2. Benzyl Bromide O O ? D 29. What is the minimum temperature at which the process below will be spontaneous, given that: o rxn H ∆ = + 85 kJ and o rxn S ∆ = 198 J/K for the reaction: N 2 F 4 2NF 2 ? (a) 144 K (b) 298 K (c) 429.3 K (d) 2330 K C 30. Consider the 1 st order decomposition of gaseous azomethane, which has a rate constant of 54 min -1 at a given temperature: CH 3 N=NCH 3 N 2 (g) + C 2 H 6 (g); What will be the concentration(M) of azomethane after 0.03 minutes having started the reaction with an initial concentration of 0.2 M? (a) 0.06 (b) 0.04 (c) 0.78 (d) 0.01 B Section-B Following Eight Questions may have more than one correct answer. 31. Equal volume of the following solutions are mixed, in which case the pH of resulting solution will be average value of pH of two solution? (a) pH = 2, HCl + pH 12, NaOH (b) pH =2, HCl + pH = 4, HCl (c) pH = 2, HCN ( K a = 10 -10 ) + pH = 12, NaOH (d) pH = 5, HA(K a = 10 -5 ) + pH =9, NH 3 (K b = 10 -5 ) A D 32. Consider the following reaction: CH 3 C O NH 2 CH 3 CH 2 C O NH 2 Br 2 NaOH + 15 What is not formed in the above reaction? (a) CH 3 NH 2 (b) CH 3 15 NH 2 (c) CH 3 CH 2 NH 2 (d) CH 3 CH 2 15 NH 2 B C R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s SCO 4 8 , I I n d Fl o o r , Se c t o r 2 0 C, CHANDI GARH Ph: 2 7 2 5 7 4 8 , 3 0 4 0 6 6 0 S C F 7 2 , S e c t o r 1 0 , P a n c h k u l a , P h : 3 9 1 4 8 4 4 Test-6 5 33. Which of the following statement is/are true regarding nitrogen and phosphorus is/are true? (a) nitrates (NO 3 – ) are monomeric but the equivalent phosphate (PO 3 – ) salts are cyclic polymer. (b) The acid H 4 P 2 O 6 has a P—P bond. (c) P 4 O 10 on heating with SOCl 2 gives POCl 3 . (d) N 2 O 3 on treatment with KOH(aq) gives KNO 3 and KNO 2 . A B C 34. When the metal magnesium is heated in dry air, predominant product formed is/are? (a) MgH 2 (b) MgO 2 (c) Mg 3 N 2 (d) MgO C D 35. In which of the followings, reactants and products are wrongly matched? CF 3 NO 2 OH COOC 6 H 5 (a) (b) Cl 2 /AlCl 3 CF 3 Cl Zn/HCl NaNO 2 H 2 O(v) (c) CH 3 CH 2 Cl AlCl 3 COOC 6 H 5 CH 2 CH 3 (d) OH CCl 4 C 2 H 5 OK(aq) (CH 3 CO) 2 O H + OCOCH 3 CO H 2 SO 4 -0 o C + + A C 36. Which of the following compounds is(are) optically active? (a) (b) (c) (d) A A B B A B B A H C H 3 H COOH H H Cl Cl HOOC COOH A = NO 2 , B = COOH A = NO 2 , B = COOH B C 37. Which of the following ion(s) on treatment with aqueous ammonia forms a precipitate that dissolves in concentrated solution of NaOH? (a) Fe 3+ (b) Pb 2+ (c) Al 3+ (d) Cr 3+ B C 38. What is true regarding Nylon Polymer? (a) It is a polyamide formed by condensation polymerization. (b) Individual polymers chains are associated only through weak vanderwaal force of attraction. (c) diethyladipate (C 2 H 5 O–CO–CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 –CO–OC 2 H 5 ) on heating with 1,6-diaminohexane (H 2 N–(CH 2 ) 6 – NH 2 ) gives Nylon-6,6. (d) The most important characteristic which makes nylon good for fabric is its strength. A C Section C Following Four questions consist of a assertion followed by the reason: In each question, choose the correct description and reason from the list below: (a) The statement and reason are both factually true, and reason is the correct explanation of statement. (b) The statement and reason are both factually true, but the reason is not correct explanation of statement. (c) The statement is true but the reason is false. (d) The statement is false but reason is true. 39. Assertion: [Ni(CN) 4 ] 2- is a diamagnetic complex. Reason: The complex is inner orbital complex. B 40. Assertion: If a new scale for std. emf is defined where E o (at 25 o C) of H + /H 2 is 1.0 V rather than 0.0 V, standard state half cell reduction potentials of the others will change accordingly but standard state emf of a cell will remain unchanged. Reason: Standard state emf of a cell (E o cell ) is the difference of std reduction potentials(E o ) of the two half cells. A R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s SCO 4 8 , I I n d Fl o o r , Se c t o r 2 0 C, CHANDI GARH Ph: 2 7 2 5 7 4 8 , 3 0 4 0 6 6 0 S C F 7 2 , S e c t o r 1 0 , P a n c h k u l a , P h : 3 9 1 4 8 4 4 Test-6 6 41. Assertion: When aniline is treated with excess of concentrated H 2 SO 4 solution, sulphonation, if occur at all, takes place on meta position. Reason: -NH 2 is a meta directing group. C 42. Assertion: CH 3 CH 2 Cl has same reactivity with Na 12 CN and Na 14 CN in a SN2 reaction. Reason: Isotopes have same chemical properties. D Section-D Passage –I: Answer the following four questions based on the information presented below: [C V ,(gas) = 1.5R] The two experiments (Experiment-1 and Experiment-2) shown on right are expansion experiments, being done on two mole of a mono-atomic gas, under adiabatic condition. Both experiments were started from identical thermodynamic conditions and were carried out to the same final pressure, but by following different paths as shown in the diagram. Experiment-1 was carried out against a constant external pressure while experiment-2 was carried out under reversible condition. 43. Which of the following P-V diagram correctly depicting the expansion process in experiment-1? C 44. What is the final temperature in experiment-1? (a) 262 K (b) 300 K (c) 400 K (d) 450 K C 45. What is the net(approximate) work-done (-W) by the gas in experiment-2 ? (a) 2.97 kJ (b) 5.94 kJ (c) 11.88 kJ (d) 8.91 kJ B 46. The entropy changes for the gases in experiment-1 and experiment-2 are respectively? (a) [10R ln2 – 5R ln3] & 0 (b) [10R ln2 – 3R ln5] & 0 (c) [5R ln2 – 5 2 R ln3] & 0 (d) 0, 0 B PASSAGE-2: An achiral hydrocarbon C 5 H 12 , was reacted with Br 2 / UV light to give a single product A “C 5 H 11 Br”. A did not react with potassium tert-butoxide in tert-butanol. A was reacted with aqueous NaOH to give B. When reacted with HBr, B gave a major product C. When reacted with PBr 3 /triethylamine, B gave A as the major product. C was reacted with potassium tert-butoxide in tert-butanol to give D as the major product. B can be heated in concentrated H 2 SO 4 to give a major product E. 47. Compound D and E are: (a) Geometrical isomers (b) Enantiomers (c) Meso compounds (d) Constitutional isomers D 48. Which of the following compounds, on treatment with HBr in presence of an inorganic peroxide will produce chiral compounds? (a) B and E (b) B and D (c) D and E (d) B, D and E C 49. Which of the following on treatment with HCl will produce a chiral compound? (a) B (b) D (c) E (d) None of these D 50. Which of the following compound will have highest boiling point? (a) B (b) C (c) D (d) E A R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s SCO 4 8 , I I n d Fl o o r , Se c t o r 2 0 C, CHANDI GARH Ph: 2 7 2 5 7 4 8 , 3 0 4 0 6 6 0 S C F 7 2 , S e c t o r 1 0 , P a n c h k u l a , P h : 3 9 1 4 8 4 4 Test-6 7 51. Next two Questions refer to the molecules on right: Based on the “Reactivity in Substitution Reactions” experiment, which of the following is the correct order of reactivity of the compounds A-E, in reaction with AgNO 3 in water-ethanol? (a) D < A < B < C < E (b) D < C < A < B < E (c) D < C < B < A < E (d) C < D < A < B < E Br Br Br Br Br A B C D E C 52. Based on the “Reactivity in Substitution Reactions” experiment, which of the following is the correct order of reactivity of the compounds A-E with NaI in acetone? (a) D < A < B < C < E (b) D < B < C < A < E (c) D < C < B < A < E (d) C < D < A < B < E B Section-E Matrix-Match Type This section contains 2 questions. Each question contains statements given in two columns which have to be matched. Statements (A, B, C, D) in Column-I have to be matched with statements (p, q, r, s) in Column-II. 53. Match the compounds/ions in Column I with their properties/reactions in Column II. Column I Column II (A) C 6 H 5 CHO (p) gives precipitate with 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (B) CH 3 C≡CH (q) gives precipitate with AgNO 3 (C) CN − (r) is a nucleophile (D) I − (s) is involved in cyanohydrin formation Ans A – p, q, s; B –q; C – q, r, s; D – q, r 54. Match the following: Column I Column II (A) Bi 3+ →(BiO)+ (P) Heat (B) [AlO 2 ] − →Al(OH) 3 (Q) Hydrolysis (C) SiO 4 4− → Si 2 O 7 6− (R) Acidification (D) (B 4 O 7 2− ) → [B(OH) 3 ] (S) Dilution by water Sol. A – Q; B – R; C – P; D – Q,R Section-F Integer Answer Type: This section contains 4 questions. The answer to each of the question is a single digit integer, ranging from 0 to 9. The appropriate bubbles below the respective question numbers in the ORS have to be darkened. 55. If 1.0 ml of a HCl solution is added to 99 ml of water at 25 o C, pH of water changes by four unit. What was the pH of original HCl solution? 1 56. Consider the following first order parallel reaction: Under identical condition, what is the half life for the decay of A? A P Q t 1/2 = 4 hr. t 1/2 = 12 hr. 3 57. If pure (+)–2–chlorobutane is heated with chlorine gas, how many different dichlorobutanes would be formed? 5 58. In the following reaction, how many different SN2 products would be formed? Cl I D H H D (a pure enantiomer) NaI Acetone 4 R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s SCO 4 8 , I I n d Fl o o r , Se c t o r 2 0 C, CHANDI GARH Ph: 2 7 2 5 7 4 8 , 3 0 4 0 6 6 0 S C F 7 2 , S e c t o r 1 0 , P a n c h k u l a , P h : 3 9 1 4 8 4 4 Test-6 8 Answer Sheet Name: ______________________________________________________ Batch: ______________________________________________________ 1. A B C D 21. A B C D 41. A B C D 2. A B C D 22. A B C D 42. A B C D 3. A B C D 23. A B C D 43. A B C D 4. A B C D 24. A B C D 44. A B C D 5. A B C D 25. A B C D 45. A B C D 6. A B C D 26. A B C D 46. A B C D 7. A B C D 27. A B C D 47. A B C D 8. A B C D 28. A B C D 48. A B C D 9. A B C D 29. A B C D 49. A B C D 10. A B C D 30. A B C D 50. A B C D 11. A B C D 31. A B C D 51. A B C D 12. A B C D 32. A B C D 52. A B C D 13. A B C D 33. A B C D 53. 14. A B C D 34. A B C D 15. A B C D 35. A B C D 16. A B C D 36. A B C D 54. 17. A B C D 37. A B C D 18. A B C D 38. A B C D 19. A B C D 39. A B C D 20. A B C D 40. A B C D 50. 55. 56. 57. 58. R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s R a n j e e t S h a h i C h e m i s t r y C l a s s e s SCO 4 8 , I I n d Fl o o r , Se c t o r 2 0 C, CHANDI GARH Ph: 2 7 2 5 7 4 8 , 3 0 4 0 6 6 0 S C F 7 2 , S e c t o r 1 0 , P a n c h k u l a , P h : 3 9 1 4 8 4 4 Test-6 9 Answers +2 Test Series Test-6 10-01-2009 Set-A Set-B Set-C Set-ABC 1. B 1. A 1. C 31. A D 2. C 2. D 2. D 32. B C 3. D 3. B 3. A 33. A B C 4. D 4. C 4. C 34. C D 5. A 5. C 5. C 35. A C 6. D 6. B 6. C 36. B C 7. C 7. D 7. B 37. B C 8. A 8. C 8. D 38. A C 9. D 9. D 9. B 39. B 10. C 10. B 10. C 40. A 11. C 11. A 11. D 41. C 12. D 12. B 12. B 42. D 13. C 13. D 13. C 43. C 14. B 14. B 14. C 44. C 15. C 15. C 15. B 45. B 16. D 16. B 16. C 46. B 17. C 17. C 17. B 47. D 18. B 18. C 18. D 48. C 19. C 19. B 19. B 49. D 20. B 20. D 20. A 50. A 21. B 21. C 21. B 51. C 22. B 22. B 22. D 52. B 23. C 23. D 23. C 53. A – p, q, s; B –q; 24. A 24. B 24. D C – q, r, s; D – q, r 25. C 25. C 25. B 54. A – Q; B – R; 26. B 26. C 26. C C – P; D – Q,R 27. B 27. C 27. C 55. 1 28. D 28. A 28. B 56. 3 29. C 29. D 29. D 57. 5 30. B 30. C 30. A 58. 4