03/09/2015RAM Steel Column Design Tutorial Structural Analysis and Design Wiki Structural Analysis and Design Bentley Communities RAM Steel Column Design Tutorial The RAM Steel Column Module is the module where gravity columns and gravity base plates are optimized. Unsized lateral columns are also assigned a preliminary size. All columns in this module are assumed to be simply supported and they are designed for Dead and Live Load applied on oneway decks only. Base plates are optimized for Dead and Live Load only although the columns will be designed for moments induced by the eccentricity of the supported beam connections. This section can only be completed if you have installed the RAM Steel program and have a license available. To invoke the Steel Column module from RAM Manager: Select Design - RAM Steel Column from the Manager. You can also click the third square button on the left side depicting a steel column and Base Plate. The graphical area will then show a 3D view of the building with the steel columns show in design colors and the other members in grey. You might think of them as status colors. The various colors and the meanings are listed below. (Note that you should only see yellow steel columns upon entering the steel column program with the tutorial model). Light Blue The column is not designable. This situation is caused by one of three modeling errors: (1) column has a kinked situation which occurs when there is a change in slope between the columns when moving from one level to another and there is no bracing in one or two axes directions at the kink location, (2) columns self-weight flag is switched on and it has some columns above which cannot be designed, (3) the steel column supports load from a two-way deck. Yellow The column is ready to be designed. Green The column has been design and the design passes all of the code checks. Dark Blue The column has been designed, passed and has been frozen. Red The column has been design and failed one or more code checks. All columns with failed designs are shown in red regardless of whether they are frozen or not. http://communities.bentley.com/products/structural/structural_analysis___design/w/structural_analysis_and_design__wiki/2712.ramsteelcolumndesigntuto… 1/11 To alter the text or members that are shown: Select View . Brace Points and Splice Levels http://communities. If that's the case you can select View .ramsteelcolumndesigntuto… 2/11 . Click [OK]. a light in the lower right corner indicates the current status of the file. Each can be labeled with a variety of labels or turned off completely. The graphics will change to the pen colors used in the Modeler.com/products/structural/structural_analysis___design/w/structural_analysis_and_design__wiki/2712.bentley.03/09/2015 RAM Steel Column Design Tutorial Structural Analysis and Design Wiki Structural Analysis and Design Bentley Communities Select View . A third color option called Interaction Colors is available after the columns have been designed.Elevation or View . you may also want to change the information or members displayed in the graphics window.Model Colors. As with the Beam design module.Plan. tab and Uncheck the Display of Foundations.Colors . Click on the Misc. When the designs are all current the light will be green. This takes you to a compressed aerial view where you can see the entire 3D structure from above with no perspective. Sometimes it's easier to work in Plan or Elevation mode than in 3D. An additional option in the Steel Column module is to View Column Plan.Members. Besides altering colors. This dialog box is organized by the various types of members. As soon as the command is started. When a beam or joist frames into a column it braces the column in that axis. To do so now: Select Assign . Notice that the deck can also be sufficient to brace interior columns when there are no beams framing into it. there is a maximum angle for which this is true. http://communities. In some cases you may wish to alter the program determined brace points.bentley.03/09/2015 RAM Steel Column Design Tutorial Structural Analysis and Design Wiki Structural Analysis and Design Bentley Communities The RAM Steel Column module automatically detects the brace points for columns based on the framing.Bracing. Select each of the two levels of the sloping columns at R-2 to illustrate the process. Select Criteria .Bracing. Set the Major and Minor Axis to Unbraced Click [Single].com/products/structural/structural_analysis___design/w/structural_analysis_and_design__wiki/2712.ramsteelcolumndesigntuto… 3/11 . In the case of skewed framing. the graphic will indicate the current brace locations using green triangles in the plan of the bracing. UC254. Select Criteria .com/products/structural/structural_analysis___design/w/structural_analysis_and_design__wiki/2712.94). To view the splice locations Select View .Splicing. Pipe). material strength and orientation.1 . this also established the splice levels. The Gravity Column program uses trial groups to optimize column sizes. When we defined the story data in the modeler.bentley. HSS. Column groups are identified by the section depth in the designation (e. British (BS5950:1990 or 2000) and Eurocode. Lateral columns can also have splice at non-splice levels since the column sizes are specified level-by-level. the splice will be a few feet above the floor but for the purpose of design. The design of the columns is performed by selecting the lightest adequate column size from a maximum of three column groups. The columns between 4th and 5th floors won't change size. When the story data was specified to have a splice at the 4th floor (story #3). Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD).Steel Design Codes. Select AISC 360-05 LRFD (BS 5950:2000) for the Column and Base Plate Steel Design Codes. http://communities. etc.g. In the Modeler. that tells the program to change size for the columns above this level. The program will select the lightest column from the available column groups which are defined in the Column Design Table. Click [OK]. The splices are indicated as red squares at the levels where the splice occurs. W12.Trial Group Defaults.03/09/2015 RAM Steel Column Design Tutorial Structural Analysis and Design Wiki Structural Analysis and Design Bentley Communities Column splices are also preset when entering the Steel Column Module. There are exceptions to this rule. the column size changes just above the level. Canadian (CAN/CSA S16.). Design Criteria Columns and Base Plates may be designed per requirements of five different codes including Allowable Stress Design (ASD). These automatic or temporary splice location result whenever the column changes material. Turn off the display of Splices using the toolbar button or use the View menu option again.ramsteelcolumndesigntuto… 4/11 . shape or orientation between levels. For more information about design codes see the Design Codes Section in the RAM Steel Column documentation. places where the program will splice the column at non-splice levels. To set the design codes: Select Criteria . In practice. columns are assigned shape (I. If you want to consider fewer options. For each shape there are a number of trial groups available to choose from.Trial Groups command. If any changes are made to the trial groups. When one column line needs to be designed using a different sizes. select the trial groups listed in the figure above.ramsteelcolumndesigntuto… 5/11 . For SI models using the RAMUK tables. uncheck one of the Trial groups on the left. Column Design and Investigation http://communities. select the following: Click [OK].com/products/structural/structural_analysis___design/w/structural_analysis_and_design__wiki/2712. Click [Yes]. you will receive a message asking if you want to assign new trial groups to existing column lines. Note: This criteria applies to the whole model globally. For US models.03/09/2015 RAM Steel Column Design Tutorial Structural Analysis and Design Wiki Structural Analysis and Design Bentley Communities Check to use each of the three trial groups.bentley. they may be assigned to that column line by selecting the Assign . Design All menu item may be selected to perform the design of all columns or the View/Update menu item may be selected to look at one particular column line.ramsteelcolumndesigntuto… 6/11 . there were no HSS6x6 columns sufficient to support the loads with no intermediate bracing so the Trial Group 1 indicates "None Worked".bentley. so they were selected by default. tributary areas).View/Update. multi-story unbraced length in the design. For more information on column dependencies see the steel column manual by clicking Help-Manual. Click any part of the Sloping Column at Grid R-2. The program will select the lightest working design from the three trial groups. In the upper left corner is the final design. The Process . Information about the splicing. A dialog box labeled Color Scale opens. but each will use the overall. If there are more than 8 stories. The interactive View/Update dialog box that opens has many important functions. the view will automatically shift to showing the interaction colors. In the upper right area are the results for the three trial groups (assuming three were used). even the lateral columns. but the 10x10 sections are lighter. Either HSS10x10 or HSS 12x12 will work. So far. each segment of the column will be checked independently. Note: This box may be moved if it is in the way of a menu item or icon you wish to use.Design All. braces. To review the results for a particular member: Select Process . Click [Show Values] to see the interaction values on screen. The effect of moment connections. and lateral loads is only examined in RAM Frame. the columns have been checked for gravity loads only (and those loads are based on simple. It is important to note that the design of the lateral columns is not complete. If a sloping column is selected you will notice a series of colors indicating dependencies of that column. Notice that all of the columns are checked. the slider on the right side will allow you to scroll down. In this case.03/09/2015 RAM Steel Column Design Tutorial Structural Analysis and Design Wiki Structural Analysis and Design Bentley Communities The columns are now ready to be designed. Once complete. Select Process . When a column spans multiple levels.com/products/structural/structural_analysis___design/w/structural_analysis_and_design__wiki/2712. bracing and yield stress of the columns as well as the current interaction ratio also appear in the upper left area. the sizes selected by the program for each level. http://communities. Click [Update Database] to return to the graphics screen. nothing in the grid has changed. the top column of the column line will be highlighted in white between splices. The interaction values above will then be adjusted. that is the 3rd level only.ramsteelcolumndesigntuto… 7/11 .bentley.0).Analyze tab is adjusted for the new size. If the design should fail. Notice that the weight of the column is also updated to reflect the change in size. Note: At this time.com/products/structural/structural_analysis___design/w/structural_analysis_and_design__wiki/2712. A design warning will also appear in the Design Warnings list box. In this case. the interaction value will be written in red. The interaction value listed on the Story . Click [Select] to move that size up to the final design section for that level.03/09/2015 RAM Steel Column Design Tutorial Structural Analysis and Design Wiki Structural Analysis and Design Bentley Communities When the View/Update dialog opens for a particular column line. Click [Analyze]. The original optimized size and interaction value are still listed under the Final Design. http://communities. change the section size to HSS9x9x3/8 (SHS200x200x8. In the Size drop down combo box. The result of the controlling column segment (in this case the 4th floor controls) will be indicated http://communities. Now we will investigate the design of another column line. Click on the Story cell labeled 4th. The column line will now be drawn in Dark Blue if the design passed. Change the Size to W10x39 Click [Analyze]. highlighting one of the floors (4th for example) causes the program to highlight the continuous levels together. Note: If a View/Update is done on a column line containing floors with unspliced levels.bentley.ramsteelcolumndesigntuto… 8/11 .03/09/2015 RAM Steel Column Design Tutorial Structural Analysis and Design Wiki Structural Analysis and Design Bentley Communities Update Database results in the new size being saved as a user assigned or "Frozen" size.com/products/structural/structural_analysis___design/w/structural_analysis_and_design__wiki/2712. Initially the Roof column of the column line is highlighted. Click on the column line at B-1. 03/09/2015 RAM Steel Column Design Tutorial Structural Analysis and Design Wiki Structural Analysis and Design Bentley Communities on the Story . The program considers all possible patterns of live load when evaluating the column design and the governing combination of patterns used at the top and bottom of the column determines the design data that is reported here. that column line design can be easily copied to other column lines.Optimize and Column Line tabs provide other options for investigation.ramsteelcolumndesigntuto… 9/11 . To turn off the skip loading altogether. 2]. Do NOT click the Select button to choose this new size as part of the final design. Notice that the columns are being designed for axial loads and moments using the full unbraced length. This time exit the View/Update dialog using the [Close] button.bentley.Copy from the menu bar. Click to exit the report. Select Process . http://communities. Notice that the column line is drawn in green rather than dark blue.Assign Eccentricity. Press [Select T. Refer to the technical notes in the RAM Steel Column documentation for an explanation of the design methods and results.Design Defaults. To review the results for the selected column: Click [View Results].Optimize tab for example. go to Criteria . Copy and Clear User Sizes If you have one column saved with the sizes you want to keep. The column eccentricity may be set in the Modeler using Layout . Using the Story . The Story . this column line will continue to be optimized as the model changes. the column now appears with the modified interaction colors. you can see what size "HSS" section would work for the column at B-1 even though it was initially modeled as an I section.G. By closing the dialog without doing an Update Database. Click in the Roof cell under Story to select the Roof level. Feel free to View/Update other columns in the model. The design report starts with the top level. The moments are a result of the eccentricity of the beam connections. In the graphics mode.com/products/structural/structural_analysis___design/w/structural_analysis_and_design__wiki/2712. Click page down to proceed to the other levels.Columns . Notice that all levels are changed to the selected size. Click [Analyze].Analyze tab. At the bottom left corner of the screen the program indicates that you should select the column line to copy from: Select the Column at Grids R-2. Reports Several reports are available from the Reports Menu including all Summary Reports for column. If you want to clear the sizes of lateral columns. but you are not required to save before exiting.com/products/structural/structural_analysis___design/w/structural_analysis_and_design__wiki/2712. Note: Process .All will only clear sizes from the gravity columns.Freeze Design .Column Line command. Select File . The sizes will not be reoptimized by the program unless cleared first. This saves you the step of performing a View/Update on all columns with identical designs. The total loads are reported in the Loads Report or Loads Summary report. Click to exit the report. then a warning message will pop up asking if you want to cancel the operation. Click the Column at Grids R-4 (you can rotate the model or view in it in elevation mode if necessary). the Column Summary report should not be used to obtain maximum loads at column bases. A steel takeoff of all gravity columns is also available from the Reports menu: Select Reports . Note: You can save your model at any time form any module.ramsteelcolumndesigntut… 10/11 .03/09/2015 RAM Steel Column Design Tutorial Structural Analysis and Design Wiki Structural Analysis and Design Bentley Communities A target cursor with an arrow pointing to 2 o'clock now appears.Exit. Using the [Update Database] button in the View/Update dialog box is the same as freezing a column line. the program is going to make the column at R-4 just like the column at R-2. Note: If the new design is insufficient for the column at R-4. The Target cursor will appear and any column line you select will be frozen. Select Process . If you http://communities. column loads and base plate design. The cursor changes slightly and a new message at the bottom left corner of the screen indicates to now select the column line to copy to.Clear Design .bentley.Column line. Because the program alternates Live Loads on columns to obtain the controlling combination of unbalanced moment and axial loads.Clear Design commands from the menu.Takeoff. At certain stages of the project you might want to freeze the column designs without making any changes to the program selected sizes. At this point. User assigned or frozen column sizes may be cleared by using one of the Process . you must use the Process .Clear Design . 03/09/2015 RAM Steel Column Design Tutorial Structural Analysis and Design Wiki Structural Analysis and Design Bentley Communities close the Manager completely or change to another model. then the program will prompt you to save any recent changes. Continue to RAM Frame . Jan 23 2015 5:03 AM Revisions: 12 Comments: 0 http://communities.Analysis Tutorial Go back to RAM Steel Beam Design Tutorial Up to the RAM Structural System Tutorial Tutorial RAM Structural System Created by Jason Coleman When: Sat.ramsteelcolumndesigntut… 11/11 . Dec 13 2008 3:11 AM Last revision by Jason Coleman When: Fri.com/products/structural/structural_analysis___design/w/structural_analysis_and_design__wiki/2712.bentley.
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