Rishi Raj (06/22/2011) Publications BOOKS and SPECIAL ISSUES B001 B002 B003 “Flow and Fracture at Elevated Temperature”, Edited by R. Raj, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, OH, (Sept 1985). “Interface Science and Engineering '87”, R. Raj and S. L. Sass, Journal de Physique, Colloque C5, 1988. “Interfaces in Ionic Materials”, Editors: J. Maier, R. Raj, and M. Rühle, Proceedings of International Conference Held at Schloss Ringberg, Germany, March 7-11, 1994, North Holland, Reprinted from Solid State Ionics, Vol. 75, pp.1-286, 1995. “Integration of Scientific and Engineering Aspects of Structural Materials in High Temperature Applications”, Guest Editors: R. Mohan and R. Raj, Dedicated Special Issue in the Jounral of Engineering Materials and Technology, Vol 122, No. 3, pp. 245-367 (July 2000). “Ultrahigh Temperature Polymer Derived Ceramics”, Guest Editors: R. Raj, R. Riedel and G. D. Soraru, Special Issue of the Journal of the American Ceramic Soceity, Vol. 84 (10), 21582264 (2001) . B004 B005 CONFERENCE PUBLICATIONS AND REPORTS C001 C002 C003 C004 “The Use of a Bubble Model to Study Stress Induces Migration and Sliding of Grain Boundaries”, M.F. Ashby and R. Raj, Harvard University Technical Report, No. 556, (1968). “Creep Fracture”, M.F. Ashby and R. Raj, Proceedings of the Conference on Mechanics and Physics of Fracture, Cambridge (1975), Institute of Physics, London. “Time Dependent Effects in Creep Fatigue”, R. Raj, ASME MPC-3 Symposium of Creep Fatigue Interaction, New York, 1976, p. 337348-. “Kinetics of Hydrogen Assisted Crack Growth”, R. Raj and V.K. Varadan, Proceedings of the Conference on the Mechanisms of Environmental Cracking in Materials, Surrey, England (1977) p. 426-436, The Metals Society. “Mechanisms of Intergranular Fracture in High Temperature Fatigue”, R. Raj, Materials Science Center Report #2843 (1977), prepared for the National Materials Advisory Board, National Academy of Sciences. “Use of Holographic Interferometry to Study Crack Propagation in Metal Plastic Composites”, R.C. Koeller, R.H. French and R. Raj, Proceedings of the Conference on Failure Modes and Processing of Composites IV, The Metallurgical Society of AIME (1979). “A Mechanism of Intergranular Fracture During High Temperature Fatigue”, B.K. Min and R. Raj, Fatigue Mechanisms, ASTM-STP (1979), Kansas City, pp 569-591. C005 C006 C007 C008 “The Effect of Cycle Shape on Creep Fatigue Interaction in Austenitic Stainless Steels”, R. Raj and B.K. Min, ASME/Pressure Vessel and Piping Conference (1978), Mechanical Engineering, Vol 100, No 11, (1978), p 122. “Superplastic Flow in Ceramics Enhanced by a Liquid Phase”, R. Raj, R.L. Tsai, J.G. Wang and C.K. Chyung, Deformation of Ceramic Materials II, Materials Science Research, Vol 18, Editors: Tressler and R.C. Bradt, Plenum Press, NY, 1984, pp353-378. “Interaction Between Lattice and Grain Boundary Dislocations and Their Role in Mechanical Properties of Interfaces”, L.C. Lim and R. Raj, Journal de Physique, Colloque C4, Supplement au no. 4, Tome 46 (April 1985), pp581595-. “The Evolution of Grain Size Distribution During Superplastic Deformation”, A.K. Ghosh and R. Raj, Superplasticity, Editors: B. Baudelet and M. Sirery, Edition du CNRS, Paris, (1985), pp 383406-. “Environmental Effect in Nickel-Base Alloys”, S. Floreen and R. Raj, Flow and Fracture at Elevated Temperatures, ASM Materials Science Seminar, American Society Metals, Metals Park, OH (1985), pp 383-406. “Mecanisms of Creep Fatigue Interaction”, R. Raj, Flow and Fracture at Elevated Temperatures, ASM Materials Science Seminare, American Society Metals, Metals Park, OH (1985), pp215-250. “Relationships Between Interface Structure and Superplastic Deformation”, R. Raj, Journal de Physique, Colloque C5, Suppl. n: 10, (1988), pp C5 35-47. “Mechanisms of Superplastic Deformation in Ceramics”, R. Raj, Superplasticity and Superplastic Forming, Editors: C.H. Hamilton and N.E. Paton, The Minerals, Metals and Mterials Society, Warrendale, PA, (1988), pp 583-594. “n/a”, R. Raj, Advances in Fracture Research, Editors: K. Salama, K. Ravi-Chandra, D.M.R. Taplin and P. RamaRao. Pergamon Press, New York, NY (1989), pp 2769-2785. “Phase Formation and Phase Stability in the Al-Ti System”, L.R. Parks, D.A. Lilienfeld, P. Borgeson and R. Raj, MRS Proceedings, 1991. “Superplastic Flow in Nanograin Ceramics”, R. Lappalainen and R. Raj, Superplasticity in Advanced Materials, Eds S. Hori, M. Tokizane and N. Furushiro, The Japan Society for Research on Superplasticity, Osaka, Japan, 1991, pp 195-204. “Optical Properties of Zinc Sulphide Diamond Composites”, L. A. Xue, T. W. Noh, A. J. Sievers, and R. Raj, Diamond Optics IV, Proc. International Society for Optical Engineering, SPIE, Diamond Optics IV, Eds. A. Feldman and S. Holly, Vol 1534, 22-23 July, 1991, San Diego, CA, pp183-197 (1991). “Role of Shear in Sintering of Composites”, R. K. Bordia and R. Raj, Tailoring Multiphase and Composite Ceramics, eds R. E. Tressler, G. L. Messing, C. G. Pantano, and R. E. Newnham, Plenum, NY 1986, pp26-36.. “Enhancement of Tensile Ductility in Nanophase Superplastic Ceramics through Control of Interface Chemistry”, R. Lappalainen, A. Pannikkat and R. Raj, Grain Boundary Controlled C009 C010 C011 C012 C013 C014 C015 C016 C017 C018 C019 C020 C021 Anseth. pp. Nastasi. 17-22 July 1994. May 6-10. An. “Growth of Epitaxial Lithium Tantalate on Sapphire by Chemical Beam Epitaxy by Lithium Hexaethoxy Tantalate”. New York. 277278-. Dordecht. Thermal Shock and Thermal Fatigue Behavior of Advanced Ceramics. Giamei. Proceedings of the 47th International Instrumentation Symposium. (2001). 1994. D. W. “Orientation Control of KNbO3 Thin Films Deposited by Laser Ablation on MgO (100) using SrTiO3 Transition Layers”. Netherlands. J. M. The Minerals. Critical Issues in the Development of High Temperature Structural Materials. Dehm. “Crystallization of the Nanophase in Silicon Nitride”. R. Raj. G. Warrendale PA. Kluwer Academic Press. H. L. C022 “The Design of the Interface Phase for Obtaining Thermal Shock Resistance in Silicon Nitride”. Raj. 1992. Raj. G. “Superplasticity of Nanograin Ceramic Films Tested by the Stress Relaxation Method”. International Conference on Electron Microscopy-13. L. K. G. Vol 152. “Fabrication of Novel Polysilazane MEMS Structures by Micro Casting”. Cross. eds. Raj. J. Ford. 1993. E: Applied Sciences Vol. Raj.. M. pp 7-12 (1994). R. April 28 . Kluwer Academic Publishers. Elsevier Applied Science.-Y. Parkin and H. New York. Metals and Materials Society. 104th Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Ceramic Society. Isotani and R. Eds. “Fabrication of a MEMS SiCN Pressure Sensor Using Photopolymerization”. NY. J. Anderson. Luo. Ferroelectrics 1994. F. Conner and R.Dunn. (2002). pp201-217. Y. Proceedings of the 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. Petzow. Ding and R. Netherlands. “Investigating Photopolymerization of PUVMS for Derivation of Silicon Carbonitride”. Raj. R. and R. J. pp. N. Gleiter. St. Ferroelectrics 1994. M. C023 C024 C025 C026 C027 C028 C029 C030 C031 C032 JOURNAL PUBLICATIONS . Stoloff.May 1. 233. Nov 11-16. Publishers. Vol 152. G. M. Cramer. “Structure of Copper/Sapphire Interfaces”. Daily. eds. (eds) K. Raj. M. and R. “Single Crystal Based Microstructure Design of Metal Matrix Composites for High Temperature Applications”. Rühle. Eds. A. Liu. Ser. K. Xie. R. D. Bellman and R. Mechanical Properties and Deformation Behavior of Materials Having Ultra-Fine Microstructures. “In-situ Study of MgO on GaAs (001) for Integrating Thin Film Ferroelectrics with Semiconductors”. T. C. Niihara. Petzow. S. Gopalan. M. Denver. Hsu and R. V. pp. M. Liew. T. Ishizaki. NATO ASI Series. Raj. pp 353358 (1994). 1993. M. V. L. Bowman. Schneider and G. Louis MO. A. Raj. Ferroelectrics 1994. Paris. Tailoring of High-Temperature Properties of Si3N4 Composites. Raj. Bright. Lappalainen and R. R. Raj. Hutchinson. Bright and R. Hoffmann and G. A. Netherlands. B. J. L.71-86. V. Duquette and A. N. (Accepted May 2001).Properties of Fine Ceramics. pp 55-60 (1994). pp. 1993. Vol 152. 238-247. CO. Liew. pp 207221. R. W. Kluwer Acad. 401406-. Cross. Journal of Testing and Evaluation. p 737.R. H. 11.W. p 1113–1127. 1499–1509. Raj and M. R. “On Grain Boundary Sliding and Diffusional Creep”. (1974). Metallurgical Transactions A. (1972). “Transient Behavior of Diffusion Induced Creep and Creep Rupture”. “Crack Initiation at Grain Boundaries under Conditions of Steady State and Cyclic Creep”. (1975). R. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology. p. Mosher and R. 1917 (1977). Vol 11. (1966).N. Kossowsky. 839 (1977). p 1937. W. J002 J003 J004 J005 J006 J007 J008 J009 J010 J011 J012 J013 J014 J015 J016 J017 . “Life Prediction of Tungsten Filaments in Incandescent Lamps”. (1970). “Correction to: Intergranular Fracture at Elevated Temperature”. Raj. Metallurgical Transactions A. “Fracture at Elevated Temperatures”. Raj. Raj and M. French and R. 653-666. R. Acta Metallurgica. Scripta Metallurgica. p 1502.F. (1976). Y. VanBaren. Vol 23. R. Source by Simple Two Terminal Device”. King. (1975).T. Raj. Raj. Raj. Ashby. R. 8. Vol 22. R. D. M. American Society for Testing and Materials. Vol 3. Mao and R. p. Proceedings of the Institute of Electronic and Electrical Engineers. Ashby. Raj and F. S. Raj. Raj and C. Vol 45. Metallurgical Transactions A. (1976). 7. Raj. p 339.F. Vol 53. Raj.H. p. Metallurgical Transactions A.F. Ashby. R. Raj. Pavinich and R. Vol 4. Raj and G.C. “Grain Boundary Sliding and the Effect of Particles on its Rate”. R. R. Johnson. Vol 98. 49. pp. “Measurement of Viscosity of the Grain Boundary Phase in Hot-Pressed Silicon Nitride”. “Sintering Rate of Clevagve Cracks”. W. Ashby. Acta Metallurgica . p. ActaMetallurgica. “Use of the Internal Friction Rechnique to Measure Rate of Grain Boundary Sliding”. “Intergranular Fracture at Elevated Temperature”. (1974). Vol 23. Ahlquist. Philosophical Magazine. Raj and R.H. Mosher. p 909. Vol 32. 160 (1979). R. Vol 2. (1971). “Intergranular Fracture in Bicrystals”.J001 “Coherent Pulse Train Generated from D. p 132. 9. Acta Metallurgica. p 2031. Dang. 941 (1978). Review of Scentific Instruments. “De-Adhesion by Growth of Penney Shapped Bubbles in an Adhesive Layer”. R. Scripta Metallurgica. Vol 6. Chen and F. Pavinich and C. Gifkins. Raj. “Diffusion Controlled Sliding at a Serrated Boundary”. Metallurgical Transactions A. “Use of Double Torsion Technique to Study Crack Propagation in an Adhesive Layer”. F.C. R. 26. “High Sensitivity Creep Tester”. p. 341 (1978). Journal of Materials Science. Shih and H. (1975). (1975).F. D.H. R. R. p 1469–1474. Raj and M. Raj.F. “Kinetics of Dissolution and Recrystallization in a Beta-Spodumene Glass Ceramic”. pp 385-394 (1980). “Micromechanical Modeling of Creep Using Distributed Parameters”. R. “Creep Crack Growth by Cavitation Near Crack Tips”. R. Raj. Acta Metallurgica. “Development of a Processing Map for Use in Warm-Forming and Hot-Forming Process”. [7]. Raj. 26. “Dynamic Effects of Flow and Fracture During Isothermal Forging of a Titanium Alloy”.C. “Grain Size Effects in Superplasticity”. pp 194-200 (1981). Canadian Metarurgical Quarterly. Raj. 18. 241 (1980).K. 1089-1097 (1981). K. 12A. p. Aug/Sept. “Hold-Time Effects in High Temperature Fatigue. “An Upper Bound in Strain Rate for Wedge Type Intergranular Fracture in Nickel During Creep”.Gandhi and R. p. 46. “Nucleation of Cavities at Second Phase Particles in Grain Boundaries”. Ghosh and R. Scripta Metallurgica. Acta Metallurgica. Metallurgical Transactions A. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 20. Raj and A. 1551 (1978). Raj. May. Acta Metallurgica. 7. [4]. “Crystallization of Small Quantities of Glass Segregated in Grain Boundaries in Ceramics”. Dalal and R. 29. Gegel. 24 (1979). American Society for Testing and Materials. R. 26. Theory and Experiment”. 159-166 (1981). Raj. 26. Baik. B. 63. 1007 (1978). Raj. 171 (1979). Metallurgical Transactions A. R. Acta Metallurgica.K. R. “Solution Precipiation Creep in Glass Ceramics”. (1980).L.J018 J019 J020 J021 J022 J023 J024 J025 “A New Fixture for Fatigue Testing”. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Raj and C. Journal of Testing and Evaluation. H. Raj. pp 513-517. R. 607-616(1981). p.K. 12A. n/a. Chyung. Ghosh. [1]. pp 245-248 (1981). R. p.K. Raj. A. B. Koeller and R. Nadiv and R. Acta Metallurgica. [3]. pp 1993-2000 (1981). [9-10]. 1291-1302 (1981). [6]. Raj. p.K. “Morphology and Stability of Glass Phase Segregated to Triple Grain Junctions”. R. S. Acta Metallurgica. pp 283-292 (1981). Raj. 64. Ghosh. “Stress Rupture”. Acta Metallurgica. Raj and S. Metallurgical Transactions. Lange. Raj and A. 12A. “Diffusional Relaxation of Stress Concentration at Second Phase Particles”. Min and R. pp 515-520 (1981). C. 995 (1978). Feb vol 29. J026 J027 J028 J029 J030 J031 J032 J033 J034 . R. Tsai and R. 14.K. “The Importance of Wedge Cracking in Creep Fatigue”. Min and R. Raj and F. Metal Science Journal. [29]. p. “Role of Grain Boundary Sliding in Intergranular Fracture of Hot-Pressed Silicon Nitride”.H. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. R. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Bampton and R. Acta Metallurgica.L. R. Acta Metallurgica. 30. Journal of the American Ceramic Society.4731-4739 (1982). Raj. Baik and R. R. [10]. S. B. Raj.D. C46 (1982). Raj. 31. Metallurgical Transactions. Baik and R. 65. Journal Geophysial Research. 30. Morgan. 273-274 (1981). [15]. 29-36 (1983). C143-145 (1981).Baik and R. “Creep in Polycrystalline Aggregates by Matter Transport Through a Liquid Phase”. “Influence of Hydrostatic Pressure and Multiaxial Straining on Cavitation in a Superplastic Aluminum Alloy”. Raj. J051 . C88 (1982).J. Raj. R. Scripta Metallurgica. 1207-1214 (1982). “Activation Energies for Densification. 2043-2054 (1982). “Dissolution Kinetics of -Si3N4 in an Mg-Si-O-N Glass”. “Wedge Type Creep Damage in Low Cycle Fatigue”. 30. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Raj. 64.J035 J036 J037 J038 J039 J040 J041 J042 J043 J044 J045 J046 J047 J048 J049 J050 “Equations for Diffusional Creep under Multiaxial Loading”. Frost and R. “Intergranular Fracture in Bicrystals--II”.E. [11]. “Mechanisms of Creep Fatigue Interaction”. 1087-1090 (1983). S. 17. Raj. Tsai and R. Tsai and R. Raj and P. Raj. B6. [5]. 65. “Creep Fracture in Ceramics Containing Small Amounts of a Liquid Phase”. R. “Separation of Cavitation-Strain and Creep-Strain During Deformation”.L. Scripta Metallurgica. Feb. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Acta Metallurgica. “A Mechanism for Intergranular Fracture During High Temperature Fatigue”. Metallurgical Transactions. “Creep-Fatigue Interaction in OFHC-Copper”. 30. S. 1259-1268 (1282) . Raj.L. Raj. Acta Metallurgica.K Min and R. “Intergranular Creep Fracture in Aggressive Environments”. Creep and Grain Boundary Sliding”. 30. Creep and Dilation for Multiaxial Loading”. H. R. 13A. R. Raj. 1215-1221 (1982). [3]. Raj. Raj. “Limiting Densities for Dense Random Packing of Spheres”. Tsai and R. 569-591 (1979). R. 1043-1058 (1982). S. R. 270-274 (1982). Raj. “The Effect of Environment on Grain Boundary Internal Friction in an Al-5% Mg Alloy”. C19-C21 (1982). [6].Baik and R. Raj. [2]. “Correlations Between Cavitation. 65. Acta Metallurgica. Gandhi and R. C. Acta Metallurgica. American Society for Testing and Materials--Special Technical Publication 675.L. C. 499-503 (1982). Raj. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 87. 30. “A Theoretical Estimate of Solution-Precipiation Creep in MgO-fluxed Si3N4”. 65. 505511 (1982). R. L. 68. [4]. Acta Metallurgica. “On Slip-Induced Intergranular Cavitation During Low-Cycle Fatigue of Nickel at Intermediate Temperature”. R. M.M.C. “Segregation of Mg to the (0001) Surface of Doped Sapphire”. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Raj. 1533-1560 (1984). Migration and Dynamic Recrystallization on Grain Boundaries”. J. 68. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Acta Metallurgica. Acta Metallurgica.C. Lim and R.C. 32. L. Raj. “Sintering Behavior of Bi-Modal Powder Compacts”. Lim and R. [6]. Acta Metallurgica. Hamilton. Raj. “On the Retention of Equiaxed Grain Structure after Superplastic and Other Forms of High Temperature Deformation”. “Influence of Hydrostatic Pressure and Humidity on Superplastic Ductility of Two BetaSpoudemene Glass-Ceramics-”. 32. “Effect of Boundary Structure on Slip Induced Cavitation in Polycrystalline Nickel”.K. Raj. Panda. 33. Zielinski. 1183-1190 (1984). S. R. Baik and R. Morgan.J052 “Control of Superplastic Cavitation by Hydrostatic Pressure”. A. Blakely and R.2Al2O3 Spinel”. “Suppression of Frothing by Silcon Addition During Oxynitride Glass Synthesis”. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. [6]. 14A. Fowler. “Continuity of Slip Screw and MIxed Crystal Dislocations across Bicrystals of Nickel at 753K”. Raj. Raj and F. “On the Distribution of Conicidence Grain Boundaries in Nickel”. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. “Mechanism of Superplastic Flow in a Fine-Grained Ceramic Containing Some Liquid Phase”. 67. P. Raj. R. S. 32.G. [7]. [9]. 32.C. Bordia and R.E.G.K. Acta Metallurgica. 287-292 (1985).C. Gleichmann. “The Role of Residual Dislocation Arrays in Slip Induced Cavitation. 522-529 (1985).W. Reusswig. Wang and R. [8]. [5]. 2205-2214 (1985). “Sintering Behavior of Ceramic Films Constrained by a Rigid Substrate”. Raj and R. Acta Metallurgica. Raj. [6]. 67. 1003-1019 (1984). D. 1177-1181 (1984). [5]. [5]. 68. Lim and R. C-125-126 (1985). Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Raj. L. J.E. [8]. Raj. L.G. Metallurgical Transactions A.D. Ghosh and R. Raj. P.F. Acta Metallurgica.K. Acta Metallurgica. 1583-1593 (1983). Raj. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. L. Wang and R. 33. Bamption. S. “Superplastic Deformation of an Ultrafine Grained Intermetallic Alloy Prepared by Crystallization of a Metallic Glass”. “Effect of Silicon Activity on Liquid Phase Sintering of Nitrogen Ceramics”. 68. 68.C. [8]. C168-170 (1985). S. Bordia. 281-286(1985). Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Raj. 399-409 (1984). J053 J054 J055 J056 J057 J058 J059 J060 J061 J062 J063 J064 J065 J066 J067 . 385-390 (1984). C.C. R. Ast and R. 727-733 (1984). C. 699-703 (1985). 33. Mahoney. Raj.H. Baik and R. 1577-1583 (1985). J. Lim and R. Lange. R. 32. [10]. [12]. D. Raj and P. Lim and R. “Superplastic Deformation in Fine-Grained MgO.G. Baik. [7]. R. 643 (1987). 69. 122-126 (1988). Journal Crystal Growth. 69. “Enhancement of Strength Through Sinterforging”. 70. “Hot Isostatic Pressing of Ceramic/Ceramic Composites at Pressures <10MPa”. Bordia and R. R. [5].K. Venkatachari and R. 708-712 (1986). Raj. 365-373 (1986). 71. C210-211 (1987). 843-849 (1987). L. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. A. 70. 20. “Liquid Phase Bonding of Silicon-Nitride Ceramics”. 3.C. S.K. “Sapphire Whiskers from Boehmite Gels Seeded with -Alumina”. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 71. Raj. Baik and R. 276-280 (1988). Raj. M.R. K. “Kinetics of Precipitation of 8-Al2O3 in Polycrystalline super saturated MgO 2Al2O3 Spinel Solid Solution”. “Superplastic Flow in Fine-Grained Alumina”. Raj. C. [2]. 85. Advanced Ceramic Materials. 302-310 (1988). [11] 635-11. “Measurement of the Sintering Pressure in Ceramic Films”. “Internal Friction in Theoleiitic Basalts”. J069 J070 J071 J072 J073 J074 J075 J076 J077 J078 J079 J080 J081 J082 J083 . Raj. Panda and R. Lim and R. [5]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. B11. Lim and R. Raj. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 92. R.Bordia and R. Raj. 135-138 (1986). [5]. 69. Manghnani and R. K. 69. C105-107 (1987). Venkatachari and R. Venkatachari and R. E. Raj.J068 “On Slip-Induced Intergranular Cavitation During Low Cycle Fatigue of Nickel at Intermediate Temperature”. K. [2]. Acta Metallurgica. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. P. R. [11]. “Shear Deformation and Densification of Powder Compacts”. Raj. Raj. 32. Journal of Geophysical Research. L. “Packing and Sintering of Two-Dimensional Structures Made from Bimodal Particle Size Distributions”. Liniger and R. Weiner. R.H. Communications of American Ceramic Society. Raj. 539-544 (1986). Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Raj. 69. 70. 514-520 (1987). “Analysis of Sintering of a Composite with a Glass or Ceramic Matrix”. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Raj. Raj. [4]. “Analysis of the Sintering Pressure”. C. T. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. [9]. Raj. R. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 70. R. S. “Slip-Twin Interactions in Bicrystals of Nickel at 573K at Large Strains”. 499-506 (1986). 527-534 (1987). C55-C57 (1986). [4]. [3]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. [6]. Cheng and R. Scripta Metallurgica. Jagota and R. [9].K. 727-733 (1984).T. [7]. “Sintering of TiO2-Al2O3 Composites: A Model Experimental Investigation”. “Unstable Spreading of a Fluid Inclusion in a Grain Boundary under Normal Stress”. Bordia and R. Raj. S. V. C. vol 72. L. Raj and C. A. M. E. 72. [12]. Physical Review B. 71. Yanoviak and R. [9]. J. Sievers. The American Physical Society. C. 1031-1035 (1988). D. T. W. C. Xue and R. C408-410 (1988). Panda and R. Acta Metallurgica et Materiala. C. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 72. P. C. Xia. 2035-2038 (1989). Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Kennefick and R. Raj. Journal of the American Ceramic Soceity. Vol. “Measurement of the Ultimate Shear Strength of a Metal Ceramic Interface”. 71. “Flaw Generation During Constrained Sintering of Metal-Ceramic and Metal-Glass Multilayer Films”. Raj. 38. “Superplastic Deformation of ZnS Near Its Transformation Temperature (1020oC)”. [12]. Wang. G. C.J084 “Shear Deformation and Compaction of Nickel Aluminide Powders at Elevated Temperatures”. Raj.7Tm”. 22. E. M. J. “Copper on Sapphire: Stability of Thin Films at 0. Panda. J. W. [7]. Journal of American Ceramic Society. Acta Metallurgica. “Grain Growth Transition during Sintering of Colloidally Prepared Alumina Powder Compacts”. D. [11]. [5]. “Sinterforging Characteristics of Fine-Grained Zirconia”.Cameron and R. “Autonucleation of Cavities in Thin Ceramic Films”. Raj. Liniger and R. Sulewski. C. 1265-1270 (1989). Raj. Cohen. [2]. Cheng and R. Panda. Noh. T. 1260-62 (1989). C. Raj. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Acta Metallurgica et Materialia. R. P. “Optical Resistivity Studies of Polycrystalline La4BaCu5O13 and La2SrCu2O6”. Acta Metallurgica et Materiala. Raj. G. Journal of American Ceramic Soceity. P. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. H. Raj. Agrawal and R. P. M. W. A. 37. A. Raj. 36. [11]. Raj. “Shear and Densification of Glass Powder Compacts”. 72. L. LaGraff and R. J. Mobley and R. 1792-96 (1989). 846-848 (1989). T. No. 71. 1929-1939 (1988). 2148-53 (1989). 1649-1655 (1989). M. Raj. 5006 (1988). “Investigation of the Infrared Properties of ZnS:Diamond Composites”. Sievers. 2947-2952 (1989). vol 37. Raj. No. Raj. C. Noh. “Effect of the Heating Rate on the Relative Rates of Sintering and Crystallization in Glass”. J085 J086 J087 J088 J089 J090 J091 J092 J093 J094 J095 J096 J097 J098 J099 . P. Panda. J. 10. vol 72. 798-804 (1989). C507-509 (1988). C. “Nucleation of Flocs in Dilute Colloidal Suspensions”. Wang and R. Wang and R. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Agrawal and R. [4]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Agrawal. [7]. Raj. P. 72. 37. 14. A. [12]. 1564-65 (1989). J. [8]. “Sintering and Crystallization of Glass at Constant Heating Rates”. [8]. Kaplan. 72. [5]. D. Ducamp and R. Optics Letters. “Spatial Variations in the Sintering of Rate of Ordered and Disordered Particle Structures”. Xue and R. 2361-2364 (1989). Raj. “Type II Magnetic Levitation on Sinterforged YBC Superconductor”. [4]. A. W. Journal of American Ceramic Society. 73. Journal of Materials Science Letters. Acta Metallurgica et Materiala. L. [9]. 679-698 (1991). “Solution Precursor-Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition of Titanium Oxide Thin Films”. 2163-2164 (1990). A. A126. No. D. J101 J102 J103 J104 J105 J106 J107 J108 J109 J110 J111 J112 J113 J114 .-P. Journal of Materials Research. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Tzou. Lu. “Deformation Induced Phase Transformation in Zinc Sulphide”. 73. C. H. Wang and R. 73. Raj. [7]. 38.S. L13-L17 (1991). Raj. Wang and R. G. J. C. [7]. C. (1990). P. C. (1990). Agrawal and R. S. Raj. Acta Metallurgica et Materiala. “Better Sintering through Green State Deformation Processing”. P. “Effect of Diamond Dispersion on the Superplastic Rheology of ZnS”. Xue. 40. Sass. Cameron and R. Raj. 6. Every. 2032-2037. 125-131. Acta Metallugica et Materialia. Vol. (1990). Raj. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Acta Metallurgica et Materiala. C. Agrawal. A. Raj. F. L. “The Effect of Microstructure on the Thermal Conductivity of Particulate Zn/Diamond Composites”. No. 9. Hasselman and R. L. D. 73. L. J. A. 8.-P. Gandhi and R. Materials Science and Engineering. Thin Solid Films. T. [5]. 74. Raj. J. [7]. [11]. R. 38. “Control of the Microstructure of Alumina-Zirconia Composites starting from Inorganic Salts”. Xue and R. and R. Wang and R. Raj. 123-129 (1992). 58. Raj and S. D. 38. 1413-1416 (1990). 1743-52 (1990). Farquhar. Xue and R. 1707-1709 (1991). [5]. Xue and R. J. Raj. Applied Physics Letters. “In-Situ Measurement of Silica-Gel Coating on Particles of Alumina”. “A Model for Subgrain Superplastic Flow in Aluminum Alloys”. L. Shieu. Noh. Sievers.J100 “Estimate of the Activation Energies for Boundary Diffusion from Rate Controlled Sintering of Pure Alumina. 818-819. Raj. Raj. 9. “Ultimate Shear Strength of Copper-Silica and Nickel-Silica Interfaces”. 2215-2224 (1990). Raj. “Effect of Hot-Pressing Temperature on Optical Transmission of ZnS”. Vol. R. “Ultra High Vacuum Chemical Vapor Deposition and in-situ Characterization of Titanium Oxide Thin Films”. J. 204. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. “Control of the Mechanical Properties of Metal-Ceramic Interfaces through Interfacial Reactions”. A. [1]. Acta Metallurgica et Materiala. J. “Premelting at Triple Grain Junctions”. Y. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. D. Raj. Raj. 1913-1918 (1991). 441-443 (1991). Lu and R. 1172-1175 (1990). 2213-16 (1990). and Alumina Doped with Zirconia and Titania”. 39. Cohen and R. A. “Optical and Mechanical Properties of Zincsulphide Diamond Composites”. Acta Metallurgica. “Thin Films of Transition Metals on Oxides”. “Rate Effects in Metal Ceramic Interface Sliding from the Periodic Film Cracking Technique”. N. Lu. Raj.-P. R. [9]. [12]. “Superplastic Flow in a Non-Stoichiometric Ceramic: Magnesium Aluminate Spinel”. 205. 1959-1963 (1991). Acta Metallurgica et Materiala. and R.. Raj. Chu. A. Phoenix and R. Lu. 27. 1729-1731 (1991). “Fracture and Stiffness Characteristics of Particulate Composites of Diamond and Zinc Sulphide”. Raj. [10]. 73. R.J115 J116 J117 J118 J119 J120 “A Model for the Crystallization and Sintering of Unseeded and Seeded Boehmite Gels”. Phoenix and R. Acta Metallurgica et Materiala. L. P. [11]. L. Jobin. “Ultra-High Vacuum Metalorganic Vapor Deposition of Rhodium Thin Films on Clean and TiO2covered Si(111)-”.. Lappalainen. M. “Activation Energy for the Sintering of Two-Phase Alumina/Zirconia Ceramics”. 65-75 (1994). V. [12]. Raj. Raj. Pannikkat and R. R. M. Scripta Metallurgica. “Influence of Green State Processing on the Properties of ZnS:Diamond Composites”. “Reply to "Comments on. Raj and S. 615-624 (1992). “Ultra-High Vacuum Metalorganic Vapor Deposition of Gallium Arsenide on Si(100) Using a Single Source Precursor”. “Microtensile Superplasticity in Ceramic Fibers”. 40. Kalu and T. [11]. Acta Metallurgica et Materiala. 3125-3132 (1991). 1229-1237 (1993). L. Kennefick. P. S. L. R. 42. Acta Metallurgica et Materiala. Farquhar. Xue and R. or Hafnia as a Second Phase”. D. J. Wang and R.. Jagota and R. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. R. [1]. Raj and S. Xue and R. Phoenix. 40. McNelley”. D. Thin Solid Films. R. R. S. A. “Interface Effects in Superplastic Deformation of Alumina Containing Zirconia. 2813-2828 (1992). [7]. A.74. Raj. Journal of Materials Science. C. [4]. 151-152 (1992). 236-240 (1991). Pearce and C. 74. [8]. L. “Determination of Fracture Toughness and Bridging Tractions from Crack-Opening Displacement Measurements in Particulate Composites of Diamond in Zinc Sulphide”. 3178-3191 (1991). J. S. 2909-2919 (1991). Farquhar. A. Wernberg. R. [4]. 172-176 (1992)." by R. 3021-3025 (1992). 2251-2257 (1991). Journal of the American Ceramic Society. “Scalings in Fracture Probabilities for a Brittle Matrix Fiber Composite”. Raj and A. J121 J122 J123 J124 J125 J126 J127 J128 J129 J130 . L. Crooks. Raj. Acta Metallurgica et Materiala. 41. Kennefick and R. Raj. S. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Journal of Materials Science. Raj. [12]. 26. Acta Metallurgica. 3074-3080 (1990). 2269-2280 (1992). Lappalainen and R.-P.. Raj. 39 . 208. J. S. Titania. 39. C. Raj. “Grain Growth in Superplastically Deformed Zinc Sulphide/Diamond Composites”.. 27. Raj. Jenqdaw Wang and R. [11]. 40. 39. “Creep Fracture Experiments with Planar Sapphire-Copper Interfaces Stressed in Tension”. Thin Solid Films. Raj. Acta Metallurgica. Phoenix. S.-L. R. “MOCVD by Pulsed Liquid Injection Using an Ultrasonic Nozzle: TiO2 on Sapphire from Ti(OPri)4”. C. Applied Physics Letters. Materials Science and Engineering. Phoenix and R. 42 [12]. Gopalan and R.-Y. D. Xie. “Controlled Epitaxial Nucleation of Nickel Oxide Onto MIcro-Fabricated Magnesium Oxide Substrates in a CVD Process”. “Reply to "Comment on 'Analysis of the Sintering Pressure'"”. Nature. J. Stemmer. “Epitaxial LiTaO3 Thin Film by Pulsed Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition from a Single Precursor”. Z. F. V. Raj. 79[4]. Rühle. 78 [10]. Applied Physics Letters. R. (1993). W. 564-566 (1994). Houpert. Applied Physics Letters. Raj. T. 1825-1833 (1995). Journal of American Ceramic Society. ??? [ ]. W. Acta Metallurgica et Materialia. Bruley. 10191024 (1996). (1993). Avedisian and R. Hoghooghi and R. “BaSi2 and Thin Film Alkaline Earth Silicides on Silicon”. Raj. Blakely and R. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Muller. Raj. Journal of American Ceramic Society. 4177-4187 (1994). A. 3420-3425 (1995). 2147-2174 (1993). J.-Y. Raj. 725-727. Raj. Raj. Hsu and R. “A Model for Interface Reaction Control in Superplastic Deformation of Non-Stoichiometric Ceramics”. Ernst. McKee. [7]. 721 23/30 December 1993. “Heteroepitaxial Growth Kinetics in a CVD Process Using Nickel Oxide on MgO as a Model System”.J131 J132 J133 J134 J135 “MgO Epitaxial Thin Films on (100) GaAs as a Substrate for the Growth of Oriented PbTiO3”. Hsu and R.A. J. Journal of American Ceramic Society. Raj. 3363-3368 (1995). M. 77. R. Silcox. 63 [23}. “Analysis of the Single-Fiber-Composite Test to Measure the Mechanical Properties of MetalCeramic Interfaces-”. Journal of Applied Physics. Raj. A. R. H. 89-95. J. Raj. pp. “Structure-Optical Property Correlation of Epitaxial KNbO3 Thin Films Deposited on MgO (100) Substrates Using a SrTiO3 (110) Transition Layer”. J136 J137 J138 J139 J140 J141 J142 J143 J144 J145 J146 . R. 78 [7]. 1993. V. F. H. Versteeg. 131-134 (1993). 76 [9]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. B. Y. “Nanostructure and Chemistry of a (100)MgO/(100)GaAs Interface”. Hsu and R.-Y. A166. 366. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Conner and R. Raj. Raj. Applied Physics Letters. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 3105-3107 (1992). “The Influence of Grain Size on Ferroelastic Toughening and Piezoelectric Behavior of PZT”. L. “Fundamental Research in Structural Ceramics for Service Near 2000oC”. 60. 3146-3148. J. Xie and R. Ding. 1993. 78 [12]. 79[4]. Raj and J. Y. Walker. Zhang and R. “Mapping sp2 and sp3 States of Carbon at a Subnanometer Spatial Resolution”. 76. Materials Science and Engineering. 1025-1033 (1996). [25]. A162. S. Hoghooghi and R. 2763-2768 (1995). and p. Raj. B. Raj. Tzou. “Non-Linear Optical Properties of Epitaxial Lithium Tantalate Thin Films"”. “Temperature Programmed Desorption Studies of the Copper-Sapphire (0001) System”. Raj. W. R. 65[5]. “X-Ray Characterization of the Domain Structure of Epitaxial Lead Titanate Thin Films on (001) Strontium Titanate”. R. M. S. S. S. G. 1111-1124 (1995). A. Xie. M. 75. 128-137 (1996). Journal of Materials Research. Y. Rühle. W. Y. Rühle. 1585-1592 (1995). Raj and L. “Domain Structure and Phase Transitions in Epitaxial KNBO3 Thin Films Studied by In-Situ Second Harmonic Generation Measurements”. Philosophical Magazine B. 42 [7].-C. Ding and R. Raj. Raj. 1323-1325 (1996). Hsu and R. 1566-1572 (1994).792 (1995). Materials Science and Engineering A. Dehm.-Y. Gopalan and R. 10[4] 791-794 (1995). W. Bellman and R. Wang and R. 79 [1]. Raj. R. W. “Design of the Microstructural Scale for Optimum Toughening in Metallic Composites”. Applied Physics Letters. Lu and R. “Domain Configurations in Ferroelectric PbTiO3 Thin Films: The Influence of Substrate and Film Thickness”. 206[1]. Tzou. Raj. -Y. L. 43-48 (1995). Applied Physics Letters. “A TEM Study of Microstructure and Misfit Dislocations in Epitaxial LiTaO3 Thin Films Grown on Sapphire by a MOCVD Process”. and R. Solid State Ionics. Raj. Hsu and R. F. S. 2477-2485 (1994). K. Raj. Thompson. Mattingly and R. Review of Scientific Instruments. “The Influence of Pt and SrTiO3 Interlayers on the Microstructure of PbTiO3 Thin Films Deposited by Laser Ablation on (001) MgO”. “A Mechanistic Basis for High Strain Rate Superplasticity of Aluminum Based Metal Matrix Composites”. “A Tungsten Filament High Temperature Heater for Thin Film Deposition”. Bruley. Streiffer. Stemmer. Journal of American Ceramic Society. Jounral of Applied Physics. F. W. Raj and M. Materials Science and Engineering A. J. “Space Charge Controlled Diffusional Creep: Volume Diffusion Case”. Raj. 42 [12]. G. 68(10). Jamnik and R. Nagahori and R. “TEM Study of the Structure and Chemistry of a Diamond/Silicon Interface”. Ernst. 193-198 (1996) .J147 J148 J149 “In-itu Stress Strain Response of Small Metal Particles Embedded in a Ceramic Matrix”. “Growth and Structure of Copper Thin Films Deposited on (0001) Sapphire by Molecular Beam Epitaxy”. Y. Rühle. “Measurement of Oxygen Activity Modulated Space Charge Potential at Metal-Ceramic Interfaces Using a CHEMFET with Epitaxial LaF3 Electrolyte”. 117-121 (1995). J150 J151 J152 J153 J154 J155 J156 J157 J158 J159 J160 J161 . Thompson and R. Journal of Materials Research. Raj. R. H. 67[6]. 67[11]. Acta Metallurgica et Materiala.-Y. Streiffer. Raj. 4135-4142 (1994). Raj. “The Influence of Microstructural Scale on the Creep Resistance of High Volume Fraction Ceramic-Metal Composites Made from Aluminum Oxide and Niobium”. Stemmer. 14-21 (1996). 71[6]. Journal of American Ceramic Society. Raj. Hsu. 9 [6]. Acta Metallurgica et Materialia. K. Rühle. J. 75. M. V. Ernst. R. B. Ernst. Raj. “Electron Cyclotron Resonance Plasma Enhanced Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition of Tantalum Oxide Thin Films on Silicon Near Room Temperature”. 78[6]. R. submitted 8-11-85. F. A212. R. 3958-3960 (1996). Raj. Solid State Ionics. W. in press (1997). Beyerlein. J163 J164 J165 J166 J167 J168 J169 J170 J171 J172 J173 . and R. Dehm. Conway. C. Vacuum. Gopalan and R.MgAl2O4 Spinel Composites for Structural Applications in Neutron and other Hostile Environments ”. Acta Materialia. Raj. An. Journal of Applied Physics.Sol. J. Journal of American Ceramic Society. Raj. C. Vol. S. M. V. Hoffmann. Raj. 865-875 (1997). Journal of American Ceramic Society. V. L. Raj and P. “Influence of Microstructral Scale on Plastic Flow Behavior of Metal Matrix Composites”. pp. and R. Panda.-J.165-173 (1996). “Newtonian Viscosity of Amorphous Silicon Carbonitride at High Temperature”. “Crystallization of a Liquid (or a Glass) Contained wihtin a Nanotube”. Ferroelectrics. Raj. Bellman and R. Raj. 1633-1643 (1997). Gopalan and R. J. D. J161F “A Microindentation Method for Estimating Interfacial Shear Strength and Its Use in Studying the Influence of Titanium Transition Layers on the Interface Strength of Epitaxial Copper Films on Sapphire”. Raj. P. Raj. Journal of American Ceramic Society. Soyez. “Time Evolution of Stress Distribution around Multiple Fiber Breaks in a Composite with Viscous and Viscoelastic Matrices”.C. Dehm. Song. R. 45 [4]. 1349-1352 (1998). R.Raj. Journal of Nuclear Materials. and R. “Growth and Structure of Internal Cu/Al2O3 and Cu/Ti/Al2O3 Interfaces”. International Journal of Solids Structures. Avedisian and R. H. Chung. M. Y. v48 n2. “In Situ X-ray Diffraction Study of Phase Transitions in Epitaxial Potassium Niobate Thin Films”. Raj. G. Acta Materialia.3571-3581(1998). A. P. Phys.Rühle. G. “Electric Field Induced Domain Rearrangement in Potassium Niobate Thin Films Studied by in situ Second Harmonic Generation Measurements”. G. 2983-2993 (1997). Konetschny. Phoenix and R. Gopalan and R. 489-499 (1997). Raj. R.Stat. Panda. 166. p. Raj. 200.(a). Chojnacka. Rühle. 35[24]. T. G. Kleebe and R. Raj].343 (1997). K. M. “Constrained yielding in niobium single crystals bonded to sapphire”. “Thermodynamic Analysis of Grain Aspect Ratio in Fibrous Microstructures of Silicon Nitride”. Rühle. 3177-3211 (1998). J162 “Domain Structure-Second Harmonic Generation Correlation in Potassium Niobate Thin Films Deposited on a Strontium Titanate Substrate”. 46 [3]. I. Sickafus.J162 “Design and Performance of a New Type of Knudsen Cell For Chemical Beam Epitaxy Using Metalorganic Precursors”.R. C. Acta Materialia. 79 [12] 3289-3296 (1996). G. Gustafson. “Vanadium Metal . V. H.Elssner. 81[2]. 81 [5]. L. Raj and M. “Thermal Diffusivity of Particulate Composites made from Aluminum Oxide and Nickel Aluminide by a Photothermal Deflection Technique”. 3250-3252 (1997). R. T.D. 45 [7]. pp. 80 [12]. Acta Materialia. Acta Materialia. 45 [2]. 529(1998). 46 [10]. Scheu. 759-772 (1998). R. Riedel. C. Riedel. Ruwisch. A. Materials and Design. P. G. K. Raj and M. Materials and Design. 1087-1096(2000). “Ceramic MEMS . 141 (1). T. “An Interdisciplinary Framework for the Design and Life Prediction of Engineering Systems”. Krumdieck. Journal of American Ceramic Society. 81[12] 3341-3344 (1998). Journal of American Ceramic Society. M. 8590 (2001). Vol 21.Vol 35. W. Acta Materialia. 348-354 (2000).New Materials. M. Liu. Daily and J175 J176 J177 J179 J180 J181 J182 J183 J184 J185 J186 J187 J188 J189 . “Crack Formation in Sapphire/Niobium/Sapphire Joints under Compression”. 20. “Unique precursor delivery and control afforded by low-pressure pulsed-CVD process with ultrasonic atomization”. Innovative Processing and Future Applications”. W. F.Vol 122 [3]. Physics IV. Rühle. Raj. R. Lou. M. L. 1161-1168 (2001). S. Raj. Linan An. M.. Vol. Liew. “On the Conversion Efficiency of Alkoxide Precursor into Oxide Films grown by Ultasonic Assisted. 5. pp 9-18 (2000). 7-14 (2001). D. Sbaizero and R. Nakamura . Shah. “A Methodology for Integrating Materials Science with Systems Engineering”. R. Elssner. Embury. Raj. 1-12 (1999). Vol 90 [12]. Vol. Vol. S. L. O. R. R. “A System Level Partitioning Approach for Analyzing the Origins of Variability in Life Prediction of Tungsten Filaments for Incandescent Lamps”. S. Zhang. Raj. Krumdieck. J. Frangopol. Kleebe. 21. and R. Chemical Vapor Deposition. Anseth. Krumdieck. 18051810 (2001). Enright and D. Vol. Raj. Vol 14. Bright. Raj and Y. C. No. 1605-07 (1999). Pulsed Liquid Injection Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Depositiion (Pulsed CVD) Process”. K. Riedel. 7 (2). pp. P. Y. V. S. J. 961-967 (1999). and R. “Experimental characterization and modeling of pulsed MOCVD with ultrasonic atomization of liquid precursor”. An and R. “Nanomechanical Modelling of Misfit Dislocations at Heterointerfaces”. R. 3423-3431 (1999). M. L. C. Rühle. Raj. K. Materials And Design. Vol. Raj. G. 84 [8]. Nastasi. R. Raj. J. Vol 47[12]. S. 11 (PR3). “System Level Optimization and Design of the High Speed Machining Process using Ceramic Cutting Tools”. S. R. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology. Journal of Materials Research. Journal of Materials Science. Zeitschrift für Metallkunde. Journal of American Ceramic Society. Cross. G. “Oxidation Kinetics of Amorphous Silicon Carbonitride Ceramics”.J174 “Amorphous Silicoboron Carbonitride Ceramic with Very High Viscosity at Ultra High Temperatures”. Subbarayan and R. Raj. Fasel and H. Shah. Kodali. Pannikkat and R. 21732180 (1999). Raj. Sbaizero and R. “Measurement of an Electrical Potential Induced by Normal Stress Applied to the Interface of an Ionic Material at Elevated Temperature ”. Soyez. Vol. No. 175-189 (2000). Krumdieck and R.-J. “Growth rate and morphology for ceramic films by pulsed-MOCVD”. L. Walter. 82 [6]. O. Surface Coatings Science and Technology. 1. An. R. Ernst. “Fracture Toughness of Diamondlike Carbon Coatings”. Raj. D. Zhang. Friess. Riedel and R. Shah and R. L.M. Raj. Miyazaki. Cai. Bill. Dunn. 619-623(Jan 23-27 2000.L. M. Vol 50. J.A. R. W. V. M. An. Proceedings of Thirteen Annual International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS 2000). pp. Switzerland. An. Aldinger. Hasselman and F. J. 1165-1176 (2002). W. Liu. Zhang. Shah and R. L. A. M. “Fabrication of SiCN MEMS Structures Using Microforged Molds”.M. Raj. M. S. L. Liew.W. R. Stat. J. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. R. Aldinger. 4093-4103 (2002). M. Raj. Bright. Raj. Riedel and G. D. Weinmann. Liu. Bright. V. R. J191 J192 J193 J194 J195 J198 J199 J200 J201 J202 J203 . Sensors and Actuators. Daily. L. Daily. Liu. Golczewski. P. A. “Nanoscale densification creep in polymer-derived silicon carbonitrides at 1350 degrees C”. J. Bulletin of the American Ceramic Soceity. Raj. 118-121. Sol. R.M. S. Raj. Luo. “Fabrication of SiCN Ceramic MEMS Using Injectable Polymer-Precursor Technique”.W. “Solid yttria-stabilized zirconia films by pulsed chemical vapor deposition from metal-organic precursors”. J190 “Development of Injectable Polymer-Derived Ceramics for High Temperature MEMS”. Bright. Acta Materialia. Acta Materialia. M.. Raj. 64-70 (2001). Jan 21-25. “Fabrication of Multi-Layered SiCN Ceramic MEMS Using Photo-Polymerization of Precursor”. “Crystallization of Polymer Derived Silicon Carbonitride at 1873K under Nitrogen Overpressure”. Jan 21-25. 2181-2187 (2002) “Ion Exchange at a Metal-Ceramic Interface”. L. Vol 85[9]. 25-30 (May 2001). 10. Raj. R. Am. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Bullert A. Raj. Raj. Y. J. Raj. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 85[11]. Interlaken. Interlaken. Bright. vol. L. R. Zhang. M.L. Y. Vol. Raj and F.. Vol. 84 (10). Latournerie and R. V. R. Bull.R. Sbaizero O. Bright. pp. W. Vol. Dunn and R. pp. D.A. R.A. Vol 50[16]. An. and R. Zhang. Vol 193[3]. Zimmermann. R. Shah. Liew. V.M. 2158-2159 (2001).A. no. 84 (10). Japan). Liew. L. V. Dunn and R. 2587-2589 (2002). and R. Soc. H. Luo. L. 2208-2212 (2001). “Introduction to the special topical issue on ultrahigh-temperature polymer-derived ceramics”.L. Y. 1-2. Dunn. Zimmermann. L. 2873-2875 (2002). J. Sorarù. W. A89. An. An. Dunn. Y. Daily. 2001. F.W. Soraru. and R. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. A. “Pyrolysis Kinetics for the Conversion of a Polymer into an Amorphous Ceramic”. S. L.. 2001. Raj (MEMS2001). R13-R-15 (2002). Saha. An. Cer. “Carbon Nanotubes Welded by Precursor Derived Silicoboron Carbonitride Ceramics”. Vol 80[5]. Vol. Liew. L. Krumdieck SP. M. R. 86-89. Switzerland. G. R. Pederiva. Journal of the American Ceramic Society.L. Raj. L. Ernst. “Mechanical Properties of a Fully Dense Polymer Derived Ceramic Made by a Novel Pressure Casting Process”. Phys. Proceedings of the 14th Annual International Conference on Micro Electromechanical Systems (MEMS2001). Luo. R. “A real-time human-machine interface for a ultrahigh temperature MEMS sensor-igniter”. 23-30 (2003). Bahadur D. Soraru. Bowman CN. R. 167 (2-3): 226-233 (2003). 18 (11): 2549-2551 (2003). Vomiero. M. 116[2]. Vol. Liu YP. Vol. 95[2-3]. Reddy SK. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. M. Saha and R. Maute. J205 J206 J207 J208 J209 J210 J211 J212 J213 J214 J215 J216 J217 . Krumdieck SP.J204 “Fabrication of SiCN MEMS by photopolymerization of pre-ceramic polymer?”. Chemistry of Materials. 86 (8): 1443-1445 (2003) “Integration of ceramics research with the development of a microsystem”. G. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B. Daily JW. 93 (10): 8301-8303 Part 3 (2003). Della Mea. R. “Amorphous silicon carbonitride fibers drawn from alkoxide modified Ceraset(TM)” Saha A. Russek SE. “Large magnetoresistance in (La1-xCaxMnO3)(1-y): ZrO2 composite”. A. Raj. Maute. Das D. Luo RL. Vol. Raj R. Shah SR. Sbaizero O. Saravanan. “Application of microforging to SiCN MEMS fabrication”. Dunn ML. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Daily JW. Raj. and R. Vol. Liew LA. 401–407 (2003). 120-134 (2002). R. Sensors & Actuators A-Physical. 104 (3): 246-262 (2003). Sensors and Actuators A-Physical. Modena. Sensors & Actuators. Daily JW. 103[1-2]. 171-181 (2003). D. Raulli. Saha A. “YSZ layers by pulsed-MOCVD on solid oxide fuel cell electrodes”. Journal of Materials Research. Liew LA. “Influence of Distributed Particle Size on the Determination of the Parabolic Rate Constant for Oxidation by the Powder Method”. “A novel micro glow plug fabricated from polymer-derived ceramics: in situ measurement of high-temperature properties and application to ultrahigh-temperature ignition” Liew LA. Raj. Dunn ML. Journal of Applied Physics. G. Liew LA. Frangopol. Sensors and Actuators A-Phys. Vol. 211. Vol. 86[2]. Saravanan RA. Raj R. Y. A. Frangopol and R.-A. M. Bright VM. Bright VM. Raj. 15 (22): 4257-4261 (2003). Kong. Vol. 143-151 (2002). J. Blum. Shah SR.A Physical. Kong. Liew. 336-344 (2004). “Polymer-derived ceramic materials from thiol-ene photopolymerizations”. Cramer NB. Russek SE. Sensors & Actuators A-Phys. ”Polymer-derived SiCN composites with magnetic properties” Saha A. D. Raj R.D. 351-353 (2003). K. Dunn ML. Cross T. L. Cross T. Vol. Liew LA. Shah. Raj. Saravanan RA. Vol. 95[2-3]. K. Sensors and Actuators APhys. Vol. 105[1]. 86 (7): 1217-1219 (2003). Raj R. Vol. Bright VM. Luo RL. Raj. R. Liu YP. An LN. Bullert A. Bright VM. “A Methodology for Analyzing the Variability in the performance of a ceramic MEMS Actuator Made from a Novel Ceramic” J. “Processing and characterization of silicon carbon-nitride ceramics: application of electrical properties towards MEMS thermal actuators”. “Investigation on the oxidation process of SiCO glasses by the means of non-Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry”. Vol. Surface & Coatings Technology. A. Bright VM. Raj. S. S. An LN. Raj R. Raj R. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. R. Raj R. S. Vol. Vol. E. 87[8]. 361-374 (2004). “Magnetic and electrical transport properties of La0. A. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A . S. Sensors & Actuators A-Physical. Part 2. Kleebe and R. R. 339-345 (2005). D. Cramer. L. J. Saha. D. S. D. Vol.67Ca0. G. 90 [2] 578–583 (2007). “Rate mechanisms of a novel thiol-ene photopolymerization reaction”. Vol. 243-249 (2005). Bahadur. Soraru`. C. N. “A methodology for analyzing the variability in the performance of a MEMS actuator made from a novel ceramic”. Bowman. “A Model for NanoDomains in Polymer-Derived SiCO”. Blum and R. and R. Saha. R. S. K. Journal of Polymer Science Part APolymer Chemistry. M. Vol 88[2]. S. K. Kong. Journal of American Ceramic Society. Bowman. Raj. Raj. D. H. A. Vol. Cramer. J219 J220 J221 J222 J223 J224 J225 J226 J227 J228 J229 J230 J231 .J218 “Temperature-dependent variability in lifetime prediction of thermally activated systems”. 2188-2195 (2006). T. Bai and R. Cross. A. Macromoleular Symposia. Raj. and D. Raulli. Scarmi. D. Maute. D. Vol. Vol. M. A. 7106-7108 (2004). 2238-2243 (2005). Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A . 36A [11]. Saha and R. 1556-1558 (2004). Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids. Saha. A. Shah and R. Vol. “Nanodevices that explore the synergies between PDCs and carbon nanotubes”. Russek. “Thiol-ene photopolymerization of polymer-derived ceramic precursors”. M. J. T. Journal of American Ceramic Society vol. Modena. Raj. 88 [1]. Raj. 1913-2919 (2005). “Crystallization Maps for Amorphous SiCO”. Williamson. R. Vol. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions-A. Lu. Raj. H. A. “Characterization of NanoDomains in Polymer-Derived SiCN Ceramics Employing Multiple Techniques”. Raj. Vol. L. S.33MnO3 (LCMO): xSiCN composites”. Saravanan. R. 232-234 (2005). 206. 89[7]. accepted: in press (2006). Sorarù and R. “The Role of Carbon in Unexpected Visco(an)elastic Behavior of Amorphous Silicon Oxycarbide above 1273K”. 35A[5]. Raj. 116[2]. “Passive oxidation of an effluent system: The case of polymer-derived SiCO”. 42[7]. Das. A. R. Raj and C. “Inverse Problems in Stochastic Modeling of Mixed Mode Diffusional and Power-Law Creep for Variable Grain Size”. Frangopol and I. B. Journal of European Ceramic Society. Srivastava. Reddy. S. S. K. Kong. 1752-1757 (2004). Journal of American Ceramic Society. Journal of Applied Physics. G. Vol. R. N. Liew and R. S. and C. N. O'Brien. Williamson. Raj. Cross. Raj. “Influence of Grain Size Variability on the Strain Rate Dependence of the Stress Exponent in Mixed-Mode Power Law and Diffusional Creep”. B. R. J. M. L. N. A. Raj. Y. Reddy. Shah and R. 95[11]. Frangopol. Raj. K. Saha.-J. Journal of American Ceramic Society . D. Raj. 25[2-3].. Journal of American Ceramic Society. “Oxidation Behavior of SiCN-ZrO2 Fiber Prepared from Alkoxide Modified Silazane” A.E. 336-344 (2004). Vol. 351[27-29]. 1471-1476 (2004). Cross.J232 “Titanium Nitride Interconnects for Polymer-Derived Silicon-Carbonitride Semiconductors for Service at Temperatures up to 1300°C”. 38A[3]. Vol. 7785– 7797 (2006). S. E. Tallant. R. Vol. R. Moats. Raj. K. Journal of American Ceramic Society. Shah and R.-Y. K. T. Soraru` and R. A. 3213-3219 (2007). Journal of American Ceramic Society. Bai. Journal American Ceramic Society. Vol. Ryu and R. S. G. Raj. Tallant. T. Raj. Buchheit and D. Sudhir and R. Raj. Vol. T. Sudhir and R. Prasad. Yu. Valentinotti. R. Navrotsky. under review (submitted November 2007). Raj. Journal of American Ceramic Society. “Novel Composites Constituted from Hafnia and a Polymer–Derived Ceramic as an Interface Phase for Severe Ultrahigh Temperature Applications”. Maute. T. “Multilayer Design and Evaluation of a High Temperature Environmental Coating” S. Rixecker. J. B. Peña–Alonso. Raj. 90[10]. 2473-2480 (2006). B. and R. 3706–3714 (2006). 89[4]. S. “Preparation of Ultrathin–Walled Carbon–Based Nanoporous Structures by Etching Pseudo– Amorphous Silicon Oxycarbide Ceramics”. 41[23]. E. Castellan. R. Raj. Ernst. Vol. T. “Mechanical Design for Accommodating Thermal Expansion Mismatch in Multilayer Coatings for Environmental Protection at Ultrahigh Temperatures”. 89[8]. H. 295-297 (2007). R. G. R. Journal of American Ceramic Society. Raj. 90[10]. F. Deposition. Sicurelli. Journal of American Ceramic Society. Vol. Poli. 165. Mark. R. J. R. J233 J234 J235 J236 J237 J238 J239 J240 J241 J242 J243 J244 . A. 90[1]. F. Morcos. Shah and R. Peña–Alonso. 516–522 (2007). Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A. Raj. Müller. 90[2]. V. 3[2]. Raj. S. 3171-3176 (2007). 1380-1387 (2006). 113-126 (2006). A. L. 90[1]. 170-176 (2007). Journal of Power Sources. Prasad. Journal American Ceramic Society. 315-323 (2007). R. “Synthesis. Raj. and M. Journal of American Ceramic Society. Vol. “Diffusion Reactions as Al–MgAl2O4 Interfaces – and the Effect of Applied Electric Fields”. 89[12]. R. “PicoScale Catalyst for Hydrogen Generation from NaBH4”. Journal of American Ceramic Society. Vol. Vol. Shah and R. Journal of Materials Science. E. M. Raj. Carturan and R. J. “Effect of Steam Velocity on Hydrothermal Oxidation/Volatilization of Silicon Nitride”. “Novel Polycrystalline Alumina Constructed with Refractory Interfaces Deriving from a Polymer Precursor”. Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology. Microstructure. D. “Thermodynamically Stable SixOyCz Polymer–Like Amorphous Ceramics”. and D. Vol. R. Saha. “Mechanical and Tribological Behavior of Polymer–Derived Ceramics Constituted from SiCxOyNz”. Raj. Wagner and R. Vol. Cross. V. R. Y. Callone. Vol. Varga. J. “A Phenomenological Model (and Experiments) for Liquid Phase Sintering”. and Tribological Behavior of Thin Film Silicon Carbonitride Derived from Poly(urea)methyl Vinyettottil Silazane”. 628– 637 (2007). Saha. 93[4] 1127-35 (2010). Bettoti. G.. A. Vol. 91[9]. A. Raj. R. Vol. K. Raj. Singh. Saha. Das. M. A. andV. “Nanoceramic–Metal Matrix Composites by In-Situ Pyrolysis of Organic Precursors in a Liquid Melt. Raj. “A Model for the Evolution of Grain Size Distribution During Superplastic Deformation. Vol. 91[10]. "Lithium Insertion in Polymer-Derived Silicon Oxycarbide Ceramics. A. Callone. J246 J247 J248 J249 J250 J251 J252 J253 J253 J254 J255 J256 . RM. D. P. M. 4862-4869 (2008). Ferraioli. Raj. C. L. A. “Thermodynamically stable SiwCxNyOz polymer-like. 3291-3297 (2008). D. R. P. J. Pavesi. 447-456 (1986) M. F. AH. Vibrataional Spectroscopy. 3451-3454 (2008). 39A. 91[7]." Journal of Electronic Materials. D. 545[1]. Soraru. T.” Journal of Americal Ceramic Society. H. Raj.” Journal of Materials Science. R. Poli. Vol. “Study of the pyrolysis process of an hybrid CH3SiO1. Raj. K. Chokshi. Raj. Dutta. “A low-cost method for producing highperformance nanocomposite thin-films made from silica and CNTs on cellulose substrates. Navrotsky. 2391-2394 (2008). Vol. RM." Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Sudarshan. Soraru. Das. 43[14]. R. Ahn. Y. Varga. Fletcher. P. and G. Morcos. R. L. Raj. L. Ahn. “A Huge Effect of Weak dc Electrical Fields on Grain Growth in Zirconia. Surappa. K. Vol. Morcos. Muller. Vol.5 Gel into a SiCO Glass. Renavikar. 2422-2424 (2008). GD. Shah. Raj. F. Kumar. J.J245 “Shear strength and sliding at a metal–ceramic (aluminum–spinel) interface at ambient and elevated temperatures”. “Intensely photoluminescent pseudoamorphous SiliconOxyCarboNitride polymer-ceramic hybrids. Yu.” Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A–Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science. Carturan.” A. Liu. Varga. Acta Materialia. Raj. “Energetics of SixOyCz polymer-derived ceramics prepared under varying conditions. M. E. JM. D. Ahn. Ahn. P. L.” Journal of Americal Ceramic Society. Vol. G. Ernst and R. 92[8]. “Study of the Pyrolysis Process if a Hybrid CH3SiO1. Chen. Acta Metall. 61-68 (2007). Pavesi. Sanchez-Jimenez and R. Raj. Wakharkar. 30493057 (2007). Ferraioli.” Vibrational Spectroscopy. Vol. Mueller. R. 1856-1859 (2009). and R. 38[12] 2735-45 (2009).” G.5 gel into a SiCO glass. 55[9]. PaveSib. "Liquid Phase Sintered Solders with Indium as Minority Phase for Next Generation Thermal Interface Material Applications. I. Bettotti. 61–68 (2007). Chokshi. L. Mariotto.” Journal of Americal Ceramic Society. Vol. Navrotsky.” Journal of Americal Ceramic Society. D. Ghosh and R. and R. E. 91[7]. Blum. G. 34[3]. Y. K. F. R. T. R. G. Poli. L. “Porous Al2O3-Spinel Based Polycrystals That Resist Free-Sintering. Farraioli. 2969-2974 (2008). Nagaraj. T. Raj. G. Raj. Lee. SR. Ghosh. P. amorphous ceramics made from organic precursors. S. Mariotto. 45[1].” Journal of Americal Ceramic Society. 93[11] 3556-59 (2010). R." Journal of Power Sources. Raj. Raj. Yang. Y. Shah. Ahn and R. Raj. Raj. R. "Ultrahigh figure-of-merit for hydrogen generation from sodium borohydride using ternary metal catalysts. "Compression Creep of Alumina Containing Interfacial Silicon. andH. R. Shen and R. "Superefficient thin film multilayer catalyst for generating hydrogen from sodium borohydride. R. "Flash Sintering of Nanograin Zirconia in < 5 s at 850 degrees C. andR. 196[2] 741-46 (2011).” Acta Materialia. Shen. "Silicon-oxycarbide based thin film anodes for lithium ion batteries. "Thermodynamic measurements pertaining to the hysteretic intercalation of lithium in polymer-derived silicon oxycarbide. andR. andR. "Inverse Problems in Stochastic Modeling of Mixed-Mode Power-Law and Diffusional Creep for Distributed Grain Size. E. J. Hu. Ceccato. Castellan. Terauds. Cologna. Hu. M." Journal of the American Ceramic Society. P. 196[1] 69-75 (2011). Conrad. L.-H." Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 41A[2] 308-17 (2010). 196[14] 5945-50 (2011). 93[10] 2935-37 (2010). J. E. 58. R. Ahn.-H. and Nitrogen." Journal of Power Sources. “Colossal Anelasticity in Polycrystals Deforming under Conditions of Diffusional Creep. "Giant piezoresistivity of polymer-derived ceramics at high temperatures." Journal of the American Ceramic Society." Journal of the American Ceramic Society." Journal of Power Sources. Raj. andR. Raj. Vol. J258 J258 J259 J260 J261 J262 J263 J264 J265 J266 J267 J268 . Vakifahmetoglu. Raj. andR.J257 E. A. Sanchez-Jimenez. P. Ceccato. Carbon. 93[9] 2567-70 (2010). andP. 93[4] 954-58 (2010). Raj. D. andR." Journal of Power Sources. Raj. Colombo. "Ultrahigh-Temperature Semiconductors Made from Polymer-Derived Ceramics. D. Rashkova. Lee and R. 195[12] 390006 (2010). J. H. Ryu. 30[11] 2203-07 (2010). Raj. Bai and R. J. S." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions aPhysical Metallurgy and Materials Science." Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Q." Journal of the European Ceramic Society. Sanchez-Jimenez. Raj." Journal of Power Sources. 93[6] 1668-76 (2010). C. Raj. andR. Downs. Raj. "C-rate performance of silicon oxycarbide anodes for Li plus batteries enhanced by carbon nanotubes. Derived from a Polysilazane Precursor. "Transient Viscous Flow During the Evolution of a Ceramic (Silicon Carbonitride) from a Polymer (Polysilazane). "Enhanced Sintering Rate of Zirconia (3Y-TZP) Through the Effect of a Weak dc Electric Field on Grain Growth. K. Wang. L. D. P. B. 702-708 (2010). 196[5] 2875-78 (2011). M. J270 J271 J272 PATENTS P001 P002 P003 P004 P005 P006 P007 P008 P009 P010 “US Patent No. S.939. Prette.C.552.198: Producing Alpha Alumina Whiskers”. F. 1990.-S. Raj. Patent # 5. “US Patent No 4. Raj and S. L. .886.J269 2D.R. Raj. Moon and R. 1984.732. issued March 22.142: Superplastic Forging of Zirconia Ceramics”. Y. Sass. Seydel and R. C. G. Sglavo. R. VanBaren. “US Patent 4. M. P. issued December 12.120: Superconducting Rotating Assembly”.719: Superplastic Forging Silicon Nitride”. 1989. Raj.C.T. Cologna. Raj. “US Patent 4. Panda. E. R. Moon and R.S.C. E. Raj. "Flash-sintering of Co2MnO4 spinel for solid oxide fuel cell applications. 196[4] 2179-86 (2011). Seydeland R. “US patent 4. P. "Cyclic stability and C-rate performance of amorphous silicon and carbon based anodes for electrochemical storage of lithium.806. P. R.778: Superconducting Rotating Assembly”.711: Use of Silicon in Liquid Sintered Silicon NItrides and Sialons”." Journal of Power Sources. “US Patent No 4. Raj. V. 94[2] 316-19 (2011). 1973. L. “High Sensitivity Creep Tester”. Cologna.S. Patent # 4. 94[2] 391-95 (2011). IBM Patent Disclosure Bulletin. Raj. andR. R. Cologna and R. G. L. U. 1991. issued July 18. "Flash-Sintering of Cubic Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia at 750 degrees C for Possible Use in SOFC Manufacturing. "Surface Diffusion-Controlled Neck Growth Kinetics in Early Stage Sintering of Zirconia.C. 1989. Baik. “Enhancing Bonding at Metal Ceramic Interfaces”." Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 1985. Raj and F. Jagota and R. Raj and S. Seydel.840: Use of Silicon in Liquid Sintered Silicon Nitrides and Sialons”. February 21. 196[4] 2061-65 (2011). issued July 3. “US Patent 4. issued November 12. U. with and without Applied DC Electrical Field.941. A.871. S. Panda and E.849. Ahn and R. 1989. 1988. R. Raj. Chen and F. R. M. 4. Issued December 24." Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Raj.R. Raj.487.496. issued December 11. F. Shieu." Journal of Power Sources. Prette.074. andR. A. Baik. Raj. “Composites of Magnesia-Aluminate Spinel-Silicon Carbide Fibers”. Panda. 173. R. Saha and S. S. PB Ref: 13743. November 2006. S. Xue. A. U. Raj. R. 1992. S. Patent Disclosure filed with University of Colorado at Boulder. “Method and Apparatus for CVD Using Liquid Delivery System with an Ultrasonic Nozzle”. S.2001. Noh. November 2006. issued April 27. Raquel Peña–Alonso.354.P011 P012 P013 P014 P015 P016 “Diamond Like Coating on Metal or Ceramic Materials that Contain a Dispersion of Diamond Particles”. R. P017 P018 P019 . U. issued December 22. R.602. 7.206. 2001 by Patton Boggs LLP. Patent No: 5. Patent Disclosure filed with University of Colorado at Boulder. US Patent Application filed on April 30. 1992. “Nanocomposite Ceramics of Oxide And Non-Oxide Phases and Methods for Producing Same” R.083. Avedisian and R. Raj. T. 2003.720. Patent No: 5.102. Giovanni Carturan. (Approved: in the process of being issued).260. A. Patent No: 5. Raj and A. Raj. “Non-Beading Thin-Film. Sievers. Ref No.101.U. V. NonProvisional Patent Application filed November 7.037B.451. J. issued Apr. September 19.183. Li-Anne Liew and Rishi Raj. (Approved: in the process of being issued). A. “A Novel Substrate for Hydrogen Catalysis”. 1993. Patent No: 5. issued February 2. Metal Coated Ceramic Substrate”. and T.”. and Rishi Raj. 1995. Versteeg. Marco Cologna. R. “Infra Red Diamond Composites”. L. U. Sievers. J. “Co-Fired Multilayer Ceramic Tapes that Exhibit Constrained Sintering”. U. “MicroGlow Plug and Process for Producing Same. S. Raj. A. U. Shah. S. Vincenzo Sglavo and Rishi Raj. 1993. C. Raj.-W. Patent No: 5. “Microfiber Solid Oxide Fuel Cell”.