PROJECT REPORT ON PACKAGE DRINKING WATER BOTTLING PLANT POLLUTION.Name: Calcutta University Roll No Registration No.: College Roll No. This project could not "e completed without the a"le guidance and support of # • Prof. I would like to express my sincere thanks to Prof.Dipankar Dasgupta (Head of the department. &orking on this project has proved to "e an enlightening experience for me . I am very glad to work on topic given. Dr.Acknowledgement This report is an outstanding prospect to convey my gratefulness to those many people whose timely guidance went a long way in finishing this project work from commencement to achievement. COMMERCE) • Prof. It has helped me to gather many information. $ast "ut not least I would like to thanks my family mem"ers% friends and all those people who helped me for the completion of my project and deeper understanding of the concept of performance appraisal. Dr Mousumi Singh Sengupta principal of our college! for giving me an pursuing the project. Ananya undu Dey (pro!e"t super#isor). No 1.CONTENTS Sl. 5. 4. Topic Pg. Abstract Introduction Study Methodology Result and Discussion .No. 3. 2. Access to safe drinking water is indicated by the number of people using proper sanitary sources. borehole condition. out for a run or anywhere that water is not easily accessible. It's comforting to have a ready supply of drinking water with you when you're in the car. public standpipe.6. hiking in the mountains. . Bottled water is a healthier alternative when it comes to staying hydrated on the go. protected dug well. Conclusion Biblography ABSTRACT The main selling point of bottled water is the convenience. Without bottled water. 7. These improved drinking water sources include household connection. many people may turn to sugar-laden sodas and juices to quench an inconvenient thirst. vender-provided water. not quality of water). steam (water vapour). rivers or ponds.protected spring. and rain water collection. and gaseous state. A water moleculey covalent bonds. Sources that don't encourage improved drinking water to the same extent as previously mentioned include: unprotected well. . ice. and ventilated improved pit latrine. but it often co-exists on Earth with its solid-state. unprotected spring. pour-flush latrine. open pit latrine. INTRODUCTION Water contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms that are connected b Water is a chemical compound with the chemical formula H2O. bottled water (consequential of limitations in quantity. connection to septic system. and tanker truck water. Water is a liquid at standard ambient temperature and pressure. Unimproved sanitation facilities are: public or shared latrine. These facilities include connection to public sewer. Access to sanitary water comes hand in hand with access to improved sanitation facilities for excreta. Surface Water: Water present on the surface of the earth in the form of oceans. wells. rivers. rivers. Rain Water: Rain water collects on the earth in the form of surface water and underground water. tube wells. etc. ponds and springs are natural sources of water. lakes. Rivers flow into the sea. The water in rivers and lakes comes from rain and melting of snow on mountains. streams.Sources of Water: Rainwater. oceans. ponds and streams is called surface water. Dams. Underground Water: . canals. are man-made sources of water. lakes. hand-pumps. Sometimes due to high pressure. sinking tube wells. "sparkling") due to contained gases.. This is underground water." at developed cities such as spas. bath where the water was used primarily for bathing. Traditionally.e. etc. or wells.Some of the rainwater seeps through the soil on to the non-porous rocks below. It can be obtained by digging wells. baths. therapeutics. Mineral water may be effervescent (i. such as salts and sulfur compounds. this water sprouts out in the form of springs. and well where the water was to be consumed. mineral waters were used or consumed at their spring sources. or recreation. Mineral water Mineral water is water from a mineral spring that contains various minerals. Importance . The term spa was used for a place where the water was consumed and bathed in. often referred to as "taking the waters" or "taking the cure. Further in the body..With two thirds of the earth's surface covered by water and the human body consisting of 75 percent of it. headaches and consequently reach a state of pathology. it regulates the activities of fluids.. in his book 'your body's many cries for water'... and replenishing nutrients and organic matter. gives a wonderful essay on water and its vital role in the health of a water 'starved' society... blood and glandular secretions. dissolving." ... He writes: "Since the 'water' we drink provides for cell function and its volume requirements. cells. transporting. nervousness. fatigue. lymph. displaying symptoms of irritability. dizziness. An average adult body contains 42 litres of water and with just a small loss of 2. Dr F.as a result chronic dehydration causes symptoms that equal disease. Batmanghelidj.. the decrease in our daily water intake affects the efficiency of cell activity. while carrying away waste material. weakness. Water circulates through the land just as it does through the human body. it is evidently clear that water is one of the prime elements responsible for life on earth.7 litres he or she can suffer from dehydration. tissues. either harmful chemical substances are found in the layers of earth which enter into water or it may be contaminated due to pathogenic microorganisms.M ARKE T P OTENTIAL Unfortunately sufficient safe potable water is not available everywhere in the country. the body suffers from water born diseases. Due to this. The demand for purified water becomes more during summer season. but . it has become imperative to process and bottle safe potable water f o r t h e m a n k i n d in prevailing conditions. If such water is consumed. Although few companies have already entered in the bottling of safe potable water and mineralised water. railway stations. restaurants. The product is widely accepted in offices. and hospitals and to some extent even in rich house-holds. So there is good scope for establishing the units for processing and bottling plain and mineralised drinking water in different parts of the country. . airport. bus stands.still huge gap is there in between demand and supply at all metropolitan-cities and towns. these machines are typically located outside of supermarkets. but excluding "flavored and enhanced water. . In North America. and are particularly devastating to babies and young children. according to a study conducted by Case Western Reserve scientists. This chemical is a known hormonal disruptor causing miscarriages and birth defects. retail bulk. vending. Thailand. home and office delivery. Customers bring their containers A number of cities and companies worldwide have vending machines that dispense purified water into customer's own containers. “Synthetic xenoestrogens. BPA has even been linked to insulin resistance and Type 2 Diabetes.” Responsible baby bottle industries are producing BPAfree bottles that are clearly marked. All dispensers filter the location's tap water. decreased testosterone levels in men.STUDY The Beverage Marketing Corporation defines the bottled water market segment as "retail PET. Purified water vending machines Bottle-less drinking water vending machine inPattaya. domestic sparkling and imports".” one of which is Bisphenol A or BPA “are linked to breast cancer and uterine cancer in women. 000 water vending machines (year 2010) located throughout the United States and Canada. Since its inception in 1983. . Counter-top filtration systemsalso are sold in grocery and department stores that make tap water more palatable. ranging from carbon filtration to reverse osmosis and the degree of filtration ranges from making the tap water more palatable to removal of specific minerals and contaminants. Many plumbers install final purification devices into the homes and businesses of customers. Glacier Water has experienced significant growth in machine placements and has created an extensive network of approximately 17. Several methods of treatment are offered. Glacier Water is by far the largest.Of all the water vending companies. Reverse osmosis can even remove some microbiological contaminants. stainless steel has been proven as a safe container for water or food for generations because they do not leach any contaminants into its contents. Reverse osmosis water purification systems can remove up to 90% or more of certain inorganic chemicals. however. Similar to glass. including Giardia cysts. Whether that is intended symbolically or as an attempt to fit so many products designed for soda cans or plastic bottles. However unless equipped with an activated charcoal post-filter.Similar in principle to traditional canteens that have been used for generations. is uncertain. they are built to resemble contemporary water bottles. stainless steel containers for carrying one's personal water supply (drawn from the home or public supply) now are being marketed. reverse osmosis by itself does not remove dissolved gases and organic chemicals such as radon and trihalomethanes Bottled water service An officewater cooler with a reusable 5-US-gallon !" #$ bottle . sometimes even daily. water in glass bottles (jugs) was provided to electric coolers in areas of businesses without plumbing.It is not uncommon for business or individuals to subscribe to a bottled water service. A known quantity is pumped into the above tank where the water is . Traditionally. These services deliver water either monthly or weekly. Plastic containers have replaced those glass jugs METHODOLOGY Processing and Bottling Raw water to be processed is collected in tanks. The water after coagulation is allowed to settle for an hour.dozed with alum for coagulation with heavy metals or insoluble matters. The impurities may be removed by Reverse Osmosis techniques also. The water is then passed through sand filters for trapping of undisclosed impurities The bottles after capping are shrink wrapped (Optional) and packed in corrugated boxes of one dozen each. The supernatant water is taken to the chlorination tank where primary disinfection is brought about by bubbling chlorine gas. The following chat of the process is as follows:Raw Water from Source ↓ Raw Water Storage ↓ Raw Water Lifting Pump ↓ Sand Filter ↓ Activated Carbon Filter ↓ Base Exchange Softener ↓ Ultravioliet Disinfection ↓ Micro Filteration System ↓ . .High Preasure Pump System ↓ Desalting ↓ Mixing ↓ Storage of Treated Water ↓ Polishing Filteration ↓ UV Disinfection System ↓ Filling Sealing & Capping M/C REASULT AND DISCUSSION Packaged Drinking Water Plant is complete design of TURNKEY BASIS. Passed from beginning to end the Purification Plant and stored SS Tank.Water Purification Equipment. Bottling is done as an incessant operation . screws the cap on it. After Purification water has taken to the Bottling Segment. High Pressure Pump. Capping. Membrane with Housing . then final Mineral Water is Labeled. and Promoted. . Packed.Plant assembling machines like Filter Assembly(Sand/Carbon/Bag Filter).Purification is a process Rinsing. Pouch Filling Machines and so on. Filling. We are also providing documentation and training on plant operation and quality control.Fully Automatic or Semi Automatic Bottle Filling Machine. Water is get from external source of allowed passing through the Purification Unit and then after stored in SS Tank. rinses. The unit automatically fills. For each Capital is use of water has increased and given the limited supply of fresh water so it is difficult for countries to make available its population the fresh water. PET Stretch blowing Machine.Ultraviolet(UV System). The first step is Drinking water it’s Purification. SS Storage Tank . CONCLUSION In conclusion. discouraging an unsustainable dependence on plastic bottles. with environmental nuisances. . At a national or state level. or a comparable product. and economic problems. in the form of extreme expense compared to tap water. health-related issues. such as false claims by bottlers. the bottled water industry is wasteful in several different areas. at international. like petroleum usage and poor recycling. promoting the cleanliness and safety of municipal drinking water will boost public confidence in tap water. aid groups can distribute Lifesaver bottles. However. Finally. and local levels. eliminating many plastic bottles. implementing and improving beverage container deposit laws will increase recycling rates and benefit the environment. national. there are solutions to these problems. Internationally. to disaster-stricken areas. -. 7. Jump up^ B/ard vs. ?etrieved2 A(ril -7th.-. Springs and bottled water of the world: Ancient history. %a. 4SB0 5-56. Regulation of Bottled Water: Appendix2 B%ineral 9aterB ?etrieved -. Berlin. occurrence. Aood and Crug Administration.7!86!-6.iune balnear< = o glum< bun<> in Ca(ital. -.!.5--8 D. ^ %ineral 9aters of the 9orld.. retrieved !5 +ul."E56E)C . Jump up^ Bucure:ti. Jump up^ ACA U. +ud.!! 6. ?etrieved -. * Tanner. /eidelberg. Soft 9ater )&(lainedB. ?etrieved2 A(ril -7th.S. 'hili( ). -.. Home page 5. source.--. quality and use. Jump up^ ?uinele de la Baile /erculane si Borsec nu mai au nimic de oferit in @iarul Ainanciar.". Jump up^ )U Cirective -. +anuar.Bibliography '.5.!! (.. T. sta. !"th.!$.. -. -. #a%oreau&.!. ed. -."-. -..!. 0ew 1ork2 S(ringer-3erlag. 5th..
Report "Project Report on Package Drinking Water Bottling Plant Pollution"