1CHAPTER-I TOURISM Tamil Nadu's tourism industry is the second largest in India. Tourism in Tamil Nadu is promoted by Tamil Nadu Tourism Development Corporation (TTDC), a Government of Tamil Nadu undertaking. The tagline adopted for promoting tourism in Tamil Nadu is Enchanting Tamil Nadu.. Tamil Nadu is a land of varied beauty. It boasts some of the grandest Hindu temples of Dravidian architecture in the World. The temples are of a distinct style which are famous for their towering Gopurams. The Brihadishwara Temple in Thanjavur, built by the Cholas, the Airavateswara temple in Darasuram and the Shore Temple, along with the collection of other monuments in Mahabalipuram have been declared as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The Rajagopuram of Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple in Srirangam — the largest functioning Hindu temple in the world — is the tallest temple gopuram in the world. Madurai is home to one of the grandest Hindu temples in the World — Madurai Meenakshi Amman Temple. Rameshwaram, Kanchipuram and Palani are important pilgrimage sites for Hindus. The largest Shiva Temple in Tamil Nadu is Nellaiappar Temple situated in the heart of Tirunelveli city. Other popular temples in Tamil Nadu include those in Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Chidambaram, Thiruvannaamalai, Tiruchengode, Aragalur, Tiruttani, Swamithoppe, Tiruchendur and Tiruvallur. Tamil Nadu is also home to many beautiful hill stations. Popular among them are Udhagamandalam (Ooty), Kodaikanal, Yercaud, Coonoor, Topslip, Valparai, Kolli Hills, Yelagiri and Sirumalai. The Nilgiri hills, Palani hills, Shevaroy hills and Cardamom hills are all abodes of thick forests and wildlife. Mukurthi National Park & Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve are the two tiger reserves in the state. Tamil Nadu has many National Parks, Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Elephant and Bird Sanctuaries, Reserved Forests, Zoos and Crocodile farms. Prominent among them are Mudumalai National Park, The Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve, Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and National 2 Park, Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary and Arignar Anna Zoological Park. The mangrove forests in Pichavaram are also eco-tourism spots of importance. Kanyakumari, the southern most tip of peninsular India, is famous for its distinct and beautiful sunrise, Vivekananda Rock Memorial and Thiruvalluvar's statue built off the coastline. Marina Beach in Chennai is one of the longest beaches in the world. The stretch of beaches from Chennai to Mahabalipuram are home to many resorts, theme parks and eateries. The Waterfalls in the state include Courtallam, Hogenakal, Papanasam and Manimuthar. The Chettinad region of the state is renowned for its Palatial houses and cuisine. In recent years, Tamil Nadu is also witnessing a growth in Medical tourism, as are many other states in India. LATEST TRENDS IN TOURISM As a result of the Late-2000s recession, international arrivals suffered a strong slowdown beginning in June 2008. Growth from 2007 to 2008 was only 3.7% during the first eight months of 2008. The Asian and Pacific markets were affected and Europe stagnated during the boreal summer months, while the Americas performed better, reducing their expansion rate but keeping a 6% growth from January to August 2008. Only the Middle East continued its rapid growth during the same period, reaching a 17% growth as compared to the same period in 2007. This slowdown on international tourism demand was also reflected in the air transport industry, with a negative growth in September 2008 and a 3.3% growth in passenger traffic through September. The hotel industry also reports a slowdown, as room occupancy continues to decline. As the global economic situation deteriorated dramatically during September and October as a result of the global financial crisis, growth of international tourism is expected to slow even further for the remaining of 2008, and this slowdown in demand growth is forecasted to continue into 2009 as recession has already hit most of the top spender countries, with long-haul travel expected to be the most affected by the economic crisis. This negative trend intensified as international tourist arrivals fell by 8% during the first four months of 2009, and the decline was exacerbated in some regions due to the outbreak of the influenza AH1N1 virus 3 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN TOURISM There has been an upmarket trend in the tourism over the last few decades, especially in Europe, where international travel for short breaks is common] Tourists have higher levels of disposable income and greater leisure time and they are also better-educated and have more sophisticated tastes. There is now a demand for a better quality products, which has resulted in a fragmenting of the mass market for beach vacations; people want more specialised versions, quieter resorts, family-oriented holidays or niche market-targeted destination hotels. The developments in technology and transport infrastructure, such as jumbo jets, low-cost airlines and more accessible airports have made many types of tourism more affordable. WHO estimates that up to 500,000 people are on planes at any time. There have also been changes in lifestyle, such as retiree-age people who sustain year round tourism. This is facilitated by internet sales of tourism products. Some sites have now started to offer dynamic packaging, in which an inclusive price is quoted for a tailor-made package requested by the customer upon impulse. There have been a few setbacks in tourism, such as the September 11 attacks and terrorist threats to tourist destinations, such as in Bali and several European cities. Also, on December 26, 2004, a tsunami, caused by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, hit the Asian countries on the Indian Ocean, including the Maldives. Thousands of lives were lost and many tourists died. This, together with the vast clean-up operation in place, has stopped or severely hampered tourism to the area. The terms tourism and travel are sometimes used interchangeably. In this context, travel has a similar definition to tourism, but implies a more purposeful journey. The terms tourism and tourist are sometimes used pejoratively, to imply a shallow interest in the cultures or locations visited by tourists. and fosters respect for different cultures and for human rights.g. social and aesthetic needs can be fulfilled while maintaining cultural integrity. which evolved by way of the world economic crisis. is responsible travel to fragile. pristine. dentistry). It helps educate the traveler. in relation to particular medical procedures (e. traveling to take advantage of the price or regulatory differences is often referred to as "medical tourism". directly benefits the economic development and political empowerment of local communities. high-value experiences taking place of once-popular generic retreats. provides funds for conservation. 1987) ECOTOURISM Ecotourism. Identified by American entrepreneur Matt Landau (2007).4 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM "Sustainable tourism is envisaged as leading to management of all resources in such a way that economic." (World Tourism Organization) Sustainable development implies "meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" (World Commission on Environment and Development. essential ecological processes. . also known as ecological tourism. and usually protected areas that strives to be low impact and (often) small scale. India. RECESSION TOURISM Recession tourism is a travel trend. recession tourism is defined by low-cost. Various recession tourism hotspots have seen business boom during the recession thanks to comparatively low costs of living and a slow world job market suggesting travelers are elongating trips where the dollar travels further. particularly in Southeast Asia. Eastern Europe and where there are different regulatory regimes. MEDICAL TOURISM When there is a significant price difference between countries for a given medical procedure. biological diversity and life support systems. which saw the sons of aristocratic families traveling for the purpose of mostly interactive. educational experiences. It is one of the most Beautiful & scenic area among all other places in Tamil Nadu.5 EDUCATIONAL TOURISM Educational tourism developed. CREATIVE TOURISM Creative tourism has existed as a form of cultural tourism. creative tourism has gained popularity as a form of cultural tourism. Jamaica. In educational tourism. or to work and apply skills learned inside the classroom in a different environment. such as in Student Exchange Programs and Study Tours. have endorsed creative tourism as an engaged. including the United Kingdom. because of the growing popularity of teaching and learning of knowledge and the enhancing of technical competency outside of the classroom environment. such as in the International Practicum Training Program. the main focus of the tour or leisure activity includes visiting another country to learn about the culture. Italy and New Zealand. Several countries offer examples of this type of tourism development. AIM & SCOPE TO CHOOSE THIS TOPIC My Topic is ‘PRINCESS OF HILL STATION’S KODAIKANAL’. drawing on active participation by travelers in the culture of the host communities they visit. since the early beginnings of tourism itself. have directed a number of projects for the European Commission. More recently. Meanwhile. who as members of the Association for Tourism and Leisure Education (ATLAS). I . who through the Creative Cities Network. More recently. known as sustainable tourism. including cultural and crafts tourism. They have defined "creative tourism" as tourism related to the active participation of travellers in the culture of the host community. authentic experience that promotes an active understanding of the specific cultural features of a place. creative tourism has been given its own name by Crispin Raymond and Greg Richards. Its European roots date back to the time of the Grand Tour. the concept of creative tourism has been picked up by high-profile organizations such as UNESCO. the Bahamas. through interactive workshops and informal learning experiences. Spain. and also Dry Fruits & Nuts these are also very famous in hilly areas. Adventure Tourism in this place is very sportive & they also conduct events for Tourist which admired me very lot. Lake. Parks. . different kind of flowers etc. This place has different type of Fruits & Vegetables.6 choose this for its Beautiful Hilly areas with many number of Gardens. Cardommon etc. Falls. KODAIKANAL is known for 16-sigths-tour.. Rare spices like Pepper. Generally. For this romantic climate it fetched the title of being the 'Princess of Hill Stations' in the country. Fruits like plums grow abundantly on the wooded slopes apart from a wide variety of flowers. when missionaries established a school for European children here in 1901. whose cosmopolitan influence is felt throughout the town. among which is the famous Kurinji flower which blooms once in twelve years. . It’s surrounded by wooded slopes. purple-blue-coloured blossoms flower across the hillsides every 12 years. is found in Kodaikanal. next due date 2018! Australians will feel at home among the many fragrant gum trees. waterfalls and precipitous rocky outcrops and the winding route up and down is breathtaking. though April to June is very busy. Kodai is the only hill station in India set up by Americans. Its light.7 CHAPTER-II KODAIKANAL Kodaikanal is a stunningly situated and easy-going hill station on the southern crest of the Palani knolls. The legacy of this is the renowned Kodaikanal International School. The mild temperatures here range from 11°C to 20°C in summer and 8°C to 17°C in winter. October and November can be seriously wet. The Kurinji shrub. Kodaikanal provides an escape from the heat and haze of the plains and the opportunity to hike in the quiet sholas (forests). unique to the Western Ghats. some 120km northwest of Madurai. heavy rain can occur at any time. Given the mountainous environment. It’s a much smaller and more relaxed place than Ooty. Kodaikanal with its majestic mountain peaks spiked on the Western Ghats has a bracing climate where temperature do not vary much from summer to winter. Founded by American missionaries in 1845. missionaries established church properties.854 ft above sea level.8 WHERE IS KODAI? Kodaikanal is one of the most beautiful. undulating wooded hill slopes and enchanting waterfalls and the place is a hot favorite with holidayers and honeymooners. HISTORY & HERITAGESeveral dolmens. iron implements. Kodaikanal is steeped in history. Kodaikanal is a very quite and charming hill resort. Even today. The stone circles contained pottery of varied shapes. serene and picturesque hill stations in south India. and civic amenities were in Kodaikanal Hills is an idyllic getaway for regular tourists. stone circles. and similar relics of the megalithic stone age of the 3rd to 6th millennium have been unearthed from this region. Relics and artifacts of the Paliyans who once lived in these hills can still be seen in the Shenbaganur Museum. Blessed with nature's breath-taking beauty. school and hotels were built. braving the dangers of the forests. rock tombs. especially from the lower Palni Hills. which shows that they remained here even after the Stone Age. Situated at an altitude of 6. . Also known as Kodai. there were no roads—people had to travel by bullock-cart and palanquin. In the early days. clubs were opened. brass bangles. it's famous for its lovely starfish-shaped lake. Slowly Kodaikanal developed. Kodai becomes a small paradise when the bluish purple Neel Kurinji (Strobilanthus Kunthanus) flowers on the slopes. trekker and honeymooners. 510 km away from Chennai. giving the hills a unique blue-purple sheen. many of the then ruling princes built summer holiday-homes. 262 km from Coimbatore and 615 km from Bangalore.. located on the southern ridge of the Palani Hills in the Western Ghats in Tamil Nadu. a few Paliyans can be seen near Kukal Cave. the star-shaped lake dominates this sleepy hill-station. etc. Kodai is 120 km north-west of Madurai. It is believed that primitive men resided in this region in those times. GEOGRAPHY The town of Kodaikanal sits on a plateau above the southern escarpment of the upper Palni Hills at 2. The farmers of Vilpatti. There are many high waterfalls and ubiquitous gardens and flower beds in bloom. F. Meadows and grasslands cover the hillsides. the Anamalai Hills and the main body of the Western Ghats. Mighty rocks and cascading streams. . the centre of which is now Kodaikanal Lake a 5 kilometres (3. A precipitous escarpment facing the Cumbum Valley is on the south. there are 2500 tribal people called Paliyans who were ‘hunters and gatherers’ at the turn of the century who shunned contact with the settlers according to accounts dated 1908 by Fr. between the Parappar and Gundar Valleys. The settlers came from the plains nearby. During the 1890s. The modern history of Kodaikanal starts with the formation of Kodaikanal Lake by Sir Vere Levinge. They have a long history of isolation and are now gradually integrating themselves with the settler population which forms the major portion of a total population of around 33. who owned paddy terraces lower down the Silver Cascade valley objected the proposal. North of the town. These hills form the eastward spur of the Western Ghats on the Western side of South India. On the east the hill slopes less abruptly into the lower Palnis. Indira Gandhi National Park. but later realized that it benefited them. It has an irregular basin as its heartland.000. rise up from the valleys. Dahmen S.000 ft). Gigantic Eucalyptus trees and shola forests flourish in the valleys. the Kodai Club (later English Club) started a Boat Club which was the beginning of modern developmental activities in the history of Kodaikanal Hill Station. the Collector of Madurai during 1860-1867.J.1 mi) circumference manmade lake. On the west is a plateau leading to Manjampatti Valley. the revenue head quarters of this region during those days.9 Though the continuity has not been proved. high hills that slope down into the villages of Pallangi and Vilpatti stand guard.133 metres (7. do not have to travel down to the plains.reflexology. sonography (ultrasound). the town is starting to enjoy year-round tourism.10 ECONOMY The Kodaikanal’s economy is predominantly run by tourism. wherein both mordern medicine as well as other forms of medicine are practised. KHMS has a mordern dental clinic as well. continental. There are at least 50 hotels catering to all categories of tourists and over 30 south & north Indian. this includes. thanks to KHMS. Government Hospital is situated on the hillside near Rock cottage on lower shola road. Van Allen Hospital and the Government Hospital. HEALTH The three major medical facilities are the Kodaikanal Health and Medical Services (KHMS). KHMS is a mordern hospital and is well suited for the basic needs of the people. Now it has X-ray. OPD. western and Chinese restaurants. naturopathy. reiki. pathology laboratory. The town's infrastructure changes every year in preparation for the peak tourist season. murma (diagnosis through the pulse). homeopathy. . pharmacy. including child delivery. spinal bath. and remain virtually empty during the off-season. Major roads are converted into one-way lanes to regulate the constant inflow of traffic and special police are brought in for the safety of the tourists and protection of local businesses. but are not equipped with modern medical equipment for complicated diagnoses and surgeries. KHMS offers x-ray (radiology). Dental. and many more small eateries and tea stalls. KHMS is an integrated hospital. cold pack treatment. Due to the rapid development of nearby cities such as Madurai and Coimbatore. The local residents and those from the nearby villages. It was a small municipal hospital until 1927. These hospitals treat patients with common ailments and injuries and perform child delivery and care. OT. Hotels are often fully booked during the high season. Julyseptember October-January The climate of Kodaikanal is very pleasant and cool all round the year. The two colleges here are Kodaikanal Christian College and Sacred Heart College. John's Girls Higher Secondary School. St. Xavier's High School and St. . Bhavan's Gandhi Vidyashram. Mother Theresas University is distinctive as India's only university devoted to exclusively women's issues. A study conducted by the Department of Atomic Energy confirmed that Kodaikanal Lake has been contaminated by mercury emissions. Joseph's Public School . For the visitors who want to know about Kodaikanal. Brindavan Matric Higher secondary School. Recently a new engineering college specializing in Information Technology. St. Kodaikanal Institute of Technology under Anna University. CLIMATE Season Peak Season Low Season Second Season Months April-June Feb-March. Air and water-borne mercury emissions have contaminated large areas of Kodaikanal and surrounding forests. St.11 Maternity ward and other facilities. has been established 22 kilometres (14 mi) below Kodaikanal town.Brindavan Public School. EDUCATION Kodaikanal is renowned for the Kodaikanal International School. here is a briefing of what climate one might expect in the hill station.PETER'S Matriculation Higher Secondary School Kodaikanal Public School and the The other schools are:Zion Matriculation Higher Secondary School. Due to the high altitude the hill station enjoys a temperate subtropical climate. the average temperature hovers around 180 C. The surface temperature during these months vary between 8 degrees and 17 degrees. During the winter season. i. The whole scenery is washed spic and span and the area appears fresh and greener. In comparison with other neighboring cities in the state. Monsoon The month of July sees the onset of monsoon. it is prone to landsides. The waterfalls and lakes surrounding the town are just the perfect reason to spend a short vacation in the vicinity. However. The monsoons last till the month of August and during this time. it is not the best season to visit Kodaikanal. Kodaikanal is very cold.12 The temperature in Kodaikanal varies between moderate to very cold. Summer During the summer months. During the summer.e. The average rainfall is about 1650 mm. drenching the hills and the landscape alike. when the Climate of Kodaikanal is at its very best. which brings showers of rain. annually. Moreover. Kodaikanal experiences rain between the months of June and September. Rainfall in Kodaikanal is mainly due to the north retreating monsoon in this hill station. This is one of the apt times to visit the place. During these months the temperature sometimes fall to the freezing point and beyond. . the hills should be avoided. The surrounding is very colorful during these months. the town offers an extremely cool weather. The best seasons to visit Kodaikanal are the times between April and June and from September to October. the temperature varies between 11 and 20 degree centigrade. It is very soothing to be there during the summer months. which are hazardous. as the place becomes quite slippery. during the months of April and June. i. the weather once again becomes congenial for tourists. Kodaikanal Boat Club with nearly 650 permanent members. and other spaces for meetings. which has hired an archivist and is in process of converting the whole original KMU building into an archives and display center for the school and the community. The KMU library with many valuable old books besides newer materials. and the property was turned over to Kodaikanal International School. The valuable original KMU archives materials have been incorporated into the archives of the school. between September and October. The average temperature remains around 200 C to 100 C. In 1890. a reading room. Kodaikanal Golf Club with over 600 members and an 18 hole golf course. the winter chill becomes quite prominent. which add spice to the weather of Kodaikanal. after October. with temperature sometimes falling to zero in January. In 1923 it built an Edwardian style clubhouse with large central hall for social events and afternoon teas. This can be attributed from the fact that a thin layer of ice can be seen on the surface of the lake. Winter months also experience rain showers. (2008). Established clubs in Kodaikanal are the Kodaikanal Lions Club under the jurisdiction of Lions Clubs International. and provides something of a social venue. is still functioning in one room. the KMU was wound up in the 1980s. With the decline of missionary activity in India.e. the Kodaikanal Missionary Union (KMU) was formed to enable missionaries of the various demominations to come together for recreation and to develop mission strategy and outreach in cooperation with each other. Yet. CIVIL SOCIETY Kodaikanal has several clubs and civil society organizations operating for social. . spread over 143 acres and The Indian Club on Poet Thyagarajar road.13 Winter During the winter months. charitable and environmental goals. 6 tennis courts. These include the Kodaikanal People Development Group (KOPDEG) which has been successful in providing employment for marginalized women and marketing their products. .14 Kodaikanal has several Social service societies which promote local trade and increase employment of rural villagers in the town's periphery by participating in its tourism fueled growth. The Made-in-India tagged products from Kopedeg are unique to Kodaikanal and are targeted at foreign tourists who regularly buy them as souvenirs. in the upper Palani hills. as the forest office closes by 11:30 am.21 kms from Kodaikanal in Tamil Nadu is the most beautiful lake in all of South India. South India. It is at the old site of "Fort Hamilton". gets its public drinking water from the lake. Douglas Hamilton wrote: . Tourists are allowed to stay in Berijam till the evening. In 1864.15 CHAPTER .7 kilometers (12 mi) to the SE. The lake. created by a dam with sluice outlets. 18. The Berijam Lake was brought in front of ."The Vicinity of this lake is in my opinion by far the best sight on the Hills" Tourists need special permission from the forest office in Kodaikanal to go there. Periyakulam town.III ATTARACTIONS BERIJAM LAKE Berijam Lake is a reservoir near Kodaikanal town in Dindigul district of Tamil Nadu. The lake’s water quality is excellent. The lake has very pure water and is the main source of water for a town called Periyakulam which is located in the valley below Kodaikanal. the Berijam Lake is one of the popular Kodaikanal Tourist Attractions. is part of a micro– watershed development project. Berijam Lake . This viewpoint is 19 KMs from Kodaikkanal Lake. It is better to be an early bird to get the permission. The most beautiful lake in southern India. Walking down the slopes between the stretches of gigantic trees. The old village of vellagavi can be reached through the rugged bridle path. With its raw natural beauty. close to Kodaikanal. Kodaikanal Berijam Lake is a place to enjoy with lot of activities. The Berijam Lake near Kodaikanal acts as the main source of water for Periyakulam Town. It is a delightful picnic spot situated 21 kms. the Berijam Lake has emerged as a popular tourist attraction in Kodaikanal. Originally a swamp. provided you have a forest pass. the vast clean waters of the lake teem with trout and cyprinus. The way to Berijam Lake is an excellent trekking route. Dolphin Nose To reach Dolphins nose at a distance of 8 kms from the bus stand. A rough curve rounds the hillside which leads to a point where a flat rock projects over an awful chesm of 6600 feet deep. Berijam Lake is an unique experience. A free pass is available from the District Forest Office at Kodaikanal. the area was cleared to discover the lake. nature lovers and tourists. It is advisable to walk in groups and not alone.16 the public eye by the European settlers. making it a anglers heaven. the Berijam Lake with its scenic beauty has caught the imagination of artists. from Kodaikanal lake and easily accessible by a pucca road.There is an old road after crossing Pambar Bridge near levinge stream. The water of the lake is the home to numerous known and unknown species of fish. . On the way. Surrounded by the lush green pine population. beautiful views of plains and steepy rocky eascarpeints called rolling hills can be seen. Sailing around the crystalline water and watching the environs blessed with bluish green hills will please anyone. Reflecting the glory of the mountains all around. one has to follow the route specified here. the tourists usually prefer to trek the uphill region of the Dolphin’s nose and experience the bliss of Mother Nature. The Dolphin’s nose is one of the important itineraries of the Kodaikanal tourist attractions. The best time to trek the undulating landscape of Dolphin’s nose is during the period of October to March when the region experiences a pleasant weather. Dolphin’s nose provides the tourists with a wonderful opportunity to explore their latent sporting talents and sportsman spirit. the Dolphin’s nose provides the visitors with an excellent opportunity to spend sometime in the midst of nature. Far from the maddening crowd of the cities. the serene and calm surrounding of Dolphin’s nose relieves the visitors from the stress and strains of daily mundane life and rejuvenates them with a fresh bout of renewed energy and vigor. Surrounded by lush green forests and exotic mountain ranges. the beautiful place of Dolphin’s nose present the tourists with a memorable experience of a lifetime. Easily accessible from Kodaikanal.17 The Dolphin’s nose offers a bird’s eye view of the picturesque landscape of the hilly region. Endowed with natural scenic beauty. The tourists can enjoy delicious refreshments in the road side tea stalls and small inns while trekking to the Dolphin’s nose. A favorite . to coincide with the peak season. One of the important Kodaikanal tourist attractions. With 325 species of trees. Ornamental plants are cultivated in a nursery for sale. There is a 1857 Eucalyptus tree and a Bodhi tree which adds a religious significance to the park. .Bryant. Dolphin’s nose is an integral part of adventure tourism of Kodaikanal. Bryant Park Just east of the lake and 500 metres from the bus stand. Shenbaganur Museum Shenbaganur museum of Kodaikanal boasts of a vast reserve of the relics of antique pieces of art and craft of the region.18 exploration for those who want to enjoy the vast reserve of forests. The park was planned and built in 1908 by a forest officer from Madurai. and named after him. H.D. the Shenbaganur museum draws several visitors who are enriched with historical knowledge of the ancient times. The park organizes horticultural exhibits and flower shows every summer. is a wonderfully maintained botanical garden. Entrance fee to the park is nominal and it is open all year. shrubs and cactuses. A large section is dedicated to nearly 740 varieties of roses. the park is a rainbow of stunning flowers during the peak season. The Shenbaganur museum is of utmost interest for those who want to know about the rich traditional culture of South India. It is devoted to the . the museum portrays the artistic caliber and creative imagination of the local craftsmen of the region during the ancient times. Shenbaganur museum provides the visitors with a wonderful opportunity to explore the habits of the endangered species. Shenbaganur museum is easily accessible from any part of the city. A favorite spot for nature lovers and admirers of birds. A memorable experience of a lifetime. With its vast plethora of rare piece of art and craft. A unique characteristic of Shenbaganur museum is its wide collection of rare and endangered species of birds and beautiful flowers that imparts a magical spell on the visitors. The store house of traditional artifacts of Kodaikanal.19 A part of the Sacred Heart College of Kodaikanal. The Shenbaganur museum is a welcome distraction from the stress and tensions of regular life. The Shenbaganur Museum has an impressive collection of stuffed-birds and the butterflies. A Theological Seminary was founded in 1895. The Senbaganur museum performs the dual task of satisfying the quest of the historians and those who love nature and its inhabitants. The Flora and Fauna Museum is maintained by the Sacred Heart College. the museum reflects the rich traditional heritage and cultural ancestry of the region. the Shenbaganur museum has preserved the cultural heritage of the region over the centuries. from the Kodaikanal Lake. The fact that 13 professors or alumni have got their names attached to the new general species of insects and plants discovered by them shows how much original work have been done by these students and professors. Anthropological collections of the megalithic Stone Age and South Indian iron age of the Palni Hills collected by A. KM Mathew prepared the botanical inventory of the museum in 1954. tree birds and large high flying birds such as Black Eagle.6 Kms from the lake. Anglade. A wide ranging collection of birds classified into ground birds. water birds. The main inventory of fauna was published in 1953 by E. Crested. birds. locality and other notable information on insects. Ugarte. It is about 5. along the road to Kodaikanal. butterflies. and the endemic flora and fauna of the Palni Hills.20 archaeological remains and the flora and fauna of the hills. . Field notes with date of collection. A gradual accumulation of individual items of natural history since the 1920s formed the major portion of the present museum. Preserved specimens and illustrative sketches and paintings with adequate texts of the all the botanical genera in and around the Palni hills are exhibited in good condition. Many of the dolmens and tombs were later damaged. moths. Bengal Vulture. amphibians.6 kms. It is situated 5. contributed his major collections to the Museum. Fr. snakes. and mammals are kept together with stuffed specimens and illustrative sketches and paintings. One of the best Orchidoriums in the country with more than 300 species is also located here. Rosner and others consist of models of dolmens and tombs. The Museum preserves and exhibits archaeological remains. These collections were made over the last 70 years by the students and professors of the Philosophical seminary of Jesuits called the Sacred Heart College. enhancing the value of the museum exhibits. Numerous photographs and carved models help the viewer to mentally reconstruct the past. A Spanish Father Ugarthe. Honey Buzzard. valley of the pambar river in South East. Anglade in the 1920s using a camera Lucida with all the contours projected with proportionate metal roads and the whole map fixed on a wooden board with iron frame. Coaker’s Walk is a paradise for those who want to spend time in the midst of nature. such as Dolphin's nose in south. The picturesque sight of Coaker’s Walk casts a . fabricated by A. Anglade. Coaker who had discovered the beautiful place way back in the year of 1872. The wooden carvings of the dolmens and other archaeological finding s were also made by A. Situated on the southern slopes of the hill station of Kodaikanal.21 There are 6 large relief maps of the Palni hills and parts thereof. Coaker's Walk It is an important place in the itinerary of Kodaikanal tourist attractions. birds eye view of Periyakulam and even city of Madurai. On a cloudless. Coaker’s Walk has been named after Lt. when sun is behind and cloud and mist is in his front. One must be aware of a attractive happening called 'Brachem Spectre' . clear day one can have interesting sights. A very lucky person can see his shadow on the clouds with a rainbow halo. Coaker’s Walk offers the tourists with a wonderful opportunity to view the exotic landscape of Kodaikanal. 22 magical spell on the visitors who are enthralled and enchanted with the bewitching beauty of the place. Located at a short distance of 1 kilometer from the crystal clear lake of Kodaikanal, Coaker’s Walk is known for its long winding paths, lush green forests and colorful flowers that adorn the place. The tourists can enjoy the natural splendor of Kodaikanal from the Coaker’s Walk. The tourists are required to purchase a ticket for entering the Coaker’s Walk. Surrounded by beautiful nature, the Coaker’s Walk relieves the visitors from the stress and strains of daily mundane life. Coaker’s Walk has captured the imagination of the world and is the favorite tourist spot for nature lovers. The valley views along paved Coaker's Walk (admission Rs 2, Camera Rs. 5, Time: 7 am to 7pm) are superb when the mist clears. There's an observatory (admission Rs. 3) with telescope about halfway along. You can start from either end, near Greenlands Youth Hostel or Villa Retreat, and the stroll takes all of five minutes. Greenlands Youth Hostel and Villa Retreat can organise guided walks, and guides can also be arranged through the tourist office (Rs. 50 to 70 per hour). A pathway for lovers of panoramic view, perching on the steep slope of Mount Nebo, just one kilometer from the Lake is called Coaker’s Walk in memory of Lt. Er. Coaker. It was he who identified the place and constructed the path in 1872. Located at an elevation of over 2000 meters, it is the highest viewpoint in Kodaikanal. On clear mornings, as the sun rises over the Palni Hills in the east, the ocean-like view of the plains lying 2000 meters below, beyond layers and layers of mist covered mountain ranges is an enchanting sight. 23 Kodaikanal Lake Visitors spent most of their time in and around the Lake, enjoying water sports, boat rides and other past times and sports activities inside the Lake and walking, horse riding, cycling etc., along the road circumventing the Lake. Fishing and swimming which are not generally allowed in Kodaikanal Lake to members of the Kodaikanal Boat Club. Temporary membership is given to visitors for a part of the year. A magnificent star-shaped lake glitters like a jewel the Emerald Green wooded slopes. Black tapped road is a focal point of Kodai. This lake was created in 1863 by Sir Vere Hentry Levinge (1885), who was the Collector of Madurai, retired and settled in Kodai. He constructed the bund to form a lake and stocked the lake with fish. He brought the first boat from Tuticorin. In 1890, a boat club was formed and the members sailed in the boat. The hills receive the rainfall during North-East Monsoon months of October, November and December. The lake is spread over 60 acres and surrounded by fine tarred road of 5 kms length, the maximum depth in 1962 was 11.5m but it is now about 9m due to siltation. It is recognized as Kodaikanal's most popular geographic landmark and tourist attraction. Rowboats and pedalos can be hired at the Kodaikanal Boat Club with its main entrance near only the five-star hotel in Kodaikanal, The Carlton. 24 Horses and bicycles can be hired beside the lake for short periods. The 5 kilometres of this lovely lake is a favourite walk for the locals and tourists alike. The Kodai Lake has immensely contributed to the beauty and attraction of the picturesque hill station of Kodaikanal. He transformed the marshy lakeside into a spectacular lake by strengthening its banks and bringing beautiful boats from Tuticorin. The Kodai Lake of Kodaikanal has a star like shape if seen from a height. One can trek or drive along the beautiful lake, which is bordered by a well maintained road. The Kodai Lake is a hot bed of fun and leisure activities like boating, and fishing. We can enjoy a horse ride in the shores of the lake or cycle around the lake. We can just sit on the edge of the lake and relish the paradisaical view. Children will be extremely happy to enjoy the pony rides or just play around the greeneries. Several wonderful hotels surround the lake. One can watch the beautiful scenery of the lake while sipping a cup of coffee in the balcony of his hotel. Standing by the lake and watching the sunset is an unforgettable experience. Today lakhs of tourists walk around, sail on, ride on horses & cycles and admire the lake. Fishing can also be done obtaining permission from Inspector of Fisheries. Ponyrides by children and adults walking around the lake are part of Kodai Holiday. The lake at Kodai is beautifully landscaped and it appears to be de rigueur for Indian families to get out on a boat. Both the Kodaikanal Boat and Rowing Club and Tamil Nadu Tourist Development Corporation hire similar boats for similar prices: Rs. 20 to 40 for a two-seater pedal boat to Rs. 125 (including boatman) for a kasmiri shikara (covered gondola - like boat) for 30 minutes. glowing in the colors of the seasonal blooms adds to the charm and the picture perfect beauty of the place. it is interesting to note that there exists a small and enigmatic chamber between the two pillars that is appropriately named the Devil's kitchen. Three perfectly vertical rock formations standing shoulder to shoulder. Sited 8 km from the lake tower. The tourists can stand and view the rocks from a comfortable vantage point where a garden has also been provided. A small and beautifully tended garden. The sudden movement of thick fog across the . engulfed by the tranquil quietude. besides the lake for short periods.25 It is now one of the Kodaikanal’s most popular geographic landmarks. rising from the verdant valley.4 kms. from the Kodaikanal Lake. The cool. The tourists can even enjoy horse rides and bicycle rides by hiring horses and bicycles. It is situated 7. Annual boat pageant is held in May every year as a part of Summer. Pillar Rock The Kodaikanal Pillar Rocks are made up of three massive granite rocks whose heights extend up to 400 feet. The rock pillars have hidden nooks and corners and cavernous chasms that exude an aura of mystery that delights all adventure enthusiasts. dark shadows of the Pillar rocks of Kodaikanal are a good place to picnic and relax at leisure. In fact. The temple was built by Leelavathi Ramanathan. is enthralling. Born as a European. The deity. veiling and unveiling the Pillar Rocks from view. It is easily accessible from the heart of the city. . She patronized the construction of the temple that was erected in the year 1936. The Kurinji Andavar Temple at Kodaikanal is located at a short distance from the lake. off and on. The temple is dedicated to the worship of Lord Muruga who is believed to be the 'God of the Hills'. Lord Muruga is also referred to as the 'Sri Kurinji Easware' meaning the Lord of the Kurinjis. Kurinji Andavar Temple One of the most reputed places of worship in Kodaikanal is the Kurinji Andavar Temple that stands at a distance of 3 kilometers from the picturesque lake in Kodaikanal.26 rocks. The tourists may also arrange vans or auto-rickshaw etc. The Kurinji Andavar Temple of Kodaikanal derives its name from the Kurinji flower that blooms in abundance in the hill slopes of Kodaikanal. she was influenced by the religion of Hinduism and adopted the religion. chasms and thick woods in the shadow of the rocks attract the adventurous. From its spectacular location. Caves. the Kurinji Andavar Temple in Kodaikanal captures the majestic view of the Palani and Vaigai dam. Buses and taxis play from the city commuting the tourists from the center of the city to the temple. One can get a good view of Vaigai dam and Palani hills from the hill on which the temple is located. Kurinji Andavar Temple is at a distance of 3 Kms from the lake.27 The majestic structure of Kurinji Andavar Temple commands devotion in the tourists who arrive to visit the temple at Kodaikanal. Thousands of devotees visit this temple during the summer festival to seek the blessings of Lord Muruga. From this temple. The excess water in the Kodai Lake comes down as a fall at . This is a famous shrine dedicated to Lord Muruga. Tourists can have a bath here. This temple is associated with the Kurinji flower which carpets the hill side and blooms once in 12 Years. This is the first attraction that unfolds in front of a tourist on the Madurai Kodaikanal road. It is 180 feet high. one can have a view of Palani and Vaigai Dam. Hence Lord Muruga is referred as God of Hills here. " Kurinji " means " Hilly Region " in Tamil literature. " Andavar " means God. This temple is located at about 5 km from the bus station and the summer festival that is most anticipated event by the locals is celebrated in the month of May every year. Silver Cascade Silver Cascade is 8km from Kodai lake. The crystal clear water contains various minerals and taking a bath in this fall is very refreshing. The frothy water coming down through piles of rocks will attract any person. Any nature lover can sit and enjoy the beauty of this falls for hours.28 about 8 kms from Kodaikanal. It is ideal to visit the Bear Shola Falls during rainy season to enjoy the beauty of the falls in its fullness. The Lake. The final approach to this quiet area is a gently climbing foot-path. It is one of the most ideal picnic spots in Kodaikanal town and is at a distance of about 2km from the lake. forms a beautiful waterfalls along the road to Kodaikanal. . During the rainy season the falls increases in quantity and roar down in frightening cascades and is an unforgettable experience. It is like a pit stop for vehicles and tourists as there are shops selling fruits and other forest products. because in earlier days bears used to come and drink water from this fall. The approach road to this falls is a rugged hill path and hence suitable means of transportation is necessary to reach the falls. Bear Shola Falls The Bear Shola falls is another favorite tourist spot in Kodaikanal and it is called so. Its a cave known more to the locals. Turning aside from the road that leads from Pillar Rocks to Berijam Lake. These dangerous caves are highly protected now. These are strange rock formations resulting from erosion of soil from cliffs. previously called Devil’s Kitchen. in the road after "Green Valley View" and "Pillar Rocks". and tourists can see sections of the cave system from a far. and taking a short walk through a pine forest. are deep bat-infested chambers between the three gigantic boulders that are the Pillar Rocks. The entrance to these caves are now block for everyone because of the high risk involved. Watch out for the deep hidden ravines.With loose and wobbly rocks. made popular by the Tamil movie Guna. you can reach the Devil’s Kitchen or Guna’s Caves. . Short treks up the adjacent hill will give panoramic views of valleys 1500 feet below. Very steep and risky to get in. these caves are also known as the Devil's kitchen for there is amusing variety of plants and small insects that are found here. Small wild animals and several bird species can be observed here. The scary sights of the cave are loved by teenagers who stand outside the cave and shout their names to hear their scaring echoes.29 Guna Caves Guna caves. These caves have a bat infested chamber which sets between three boulders which has a mention in a book as well. The deep narrow ravines of the caves are now closed to public due to the tragic deaths of twelve youths there. there is a famous shrine dedicated to Lord Muruga known as Kurniji Andavar. this temple is associated with the Kurinji flowers which blossom in all around. The Bright purple-blue. Since the blue in colour. . Botanists take special interest and the lay down alike as it blossoms only once in twelve years unlike the other common flowers. or ten feet in height the hill slopes of the Western Ghats at an altitude during the blossoming season are seen carpeting the mountain slopes. Now plantations and dwellings occupy much of their habitat. Hence. the two famous hill stations of Tamil Nadu. which are about eight. Kurinji has again flowered in some parts of Kerala and Tamil Nadu.30 Kurinji Flower The Kurinji flowers grow on bushy shrubs. The Kurinji bushes are also found in some hilly tracts of kerala like Munnar and Iduki and here the flower is known as Nila Kurinji (blue Kurinji) as there is a whitish-yellow Kurinji too. they came to be called Nilgiris (Blue Mountain). which grows mainly in Kodaikanal and Udhagamandalam (Ooty). They used to cover the Nilgiri Hills and Palani Hills like a carpet during its flowering season. Apart from Nilgris. Neelakurinji grow in grass lands of Eravikulam. near Munnar in Kerala during the season from August to December. bell shaped Kurinji flower is an typical kind of flower. hills between Klavarai in Tamil Nadu and Vattavada. It is interesting that the ancient tamil country was divided into five geographical zones of these hill region was called Kurinji. In Kodaikanal. At Yellappetty. . Patches of kurinji occur in the remaining sholas near Koviloor.31 Where does Kurinji Bloom? In 2006. Koviloor is a few hours drive from Munnar in Kerala.) Thus. Trekkers could spot kurinji by the sides of the old Munnar Kodaikanal road. (It flowers earlier in some areas of Kodaikanal. The peak season will be between August and September. you have to trek to the hills south of the Yellapetty estate Neelakurinji: When will it Flower? Gregarious flowering of neelakurinji (Strobilanthes kunthiana) takes place once in 12 years between July and December. The biggest flowering was at the Eravikulam National Park. Trekking would require permission from the Forest Department. A jeep road connects Koviloor to Klavarai and Kodaikanal (Tamil Nadu). another mass flowering can be expected to take place near Munnar in 2014 there is a group of plants in the locality whose flowering cycle is four years ahead of the rest of the community in the region. The plants can also be located at places such as Yellapetty and Kanthalloor outside the protected areas. Kurinji (neelakurinji) bloomed gregariously at several places near Kodaikanal (India) and Munnar. after the 2006 flowering. The road need not be motorable all the time (especially during monsoon). Local variations are possible. The tourists may capture the virgin beauty of the Western Ghats from atop the Perumal Peak. It is at the spot where the first sod was cut by Sir Thomas Moir for the construction . The trek begins from the foot of the Perumal Peak which is located at Neutral Saddle. the Perumal Peak is a trekker's delight. A spectacular view of the wooded region around. The journey for about 4 hours which includes the ascent and the descent of the Perumal Peak. The region is easily accessible from the hill town of Kodaikanal. It is a favourite spot for trekkers.3 kilometers from the town of Kodaikanal. Climbers begin their ascent from the Neutral Saddle. Perumal Peak is separated by a short distance of 11. Trekking in the Perumal Peak requires no permission. Moier Point This is an excellent view point near the entrance to the Berijam Lake road. One of the most frequented excursions to visit Kodaikanal. Perumal Peak Perumal Peak or Perumal Malai Peak is a high peak at Kodaikanal in the Perumalmalai hills.32 However. one could not be sure whether these plants would survive for the next season. The next massive flowering in the Nilgiris-Palanis-Munnar belt is expected only in 2018. The Perumal peak is a paradisaical place for the trekkers. that are a part of the greater Western Ghat mountain range in Tamil Nadu. Trekking in the Perumal Peak is easy and does not require prior experience in the adventure sport. The tourists may travel to Neutral Saddle by the buses or private cars that can be hired from the town. About 11 km from Kodaikanal. The beginners may enjoy a beautiful hike from the foot of the Perumal Peak to the top. The tourists may traverse the small hamlet called the Perumal Mallai Village where the Neutral Saddle is located. Fairy Falls Situated just 5 km away from the town center. The source of Pambar river. A lovely view of the valley can be seen. . The crystalline waters that fill the basin at the base of the falls are frequented by tourists for bathing.33 of the Goschen road (Forty Mile Road) in 1929. This can be reached through an artistic bathing basic.6 Kms from the lake. which is 3 Kms from Pillar Rock to Berijam lake road. which joins the Vaigai River lower down. is also within the town limits. There is a memorial pillar at the spot mentioning the above event and the opening of the road. A view of the valley below from the Moir Point will be ever treasured by the viewers. It is the overflow of the Township Reservoir running south and forming the enchanting fairy falls. These falls are nothing short of a destination blessed by nature itself. Fairy Falls have become a famous destination for picnics among localities. It is an delightful picnic spot which is 1. Unlike other areas this park is very quite. A large variety of exotic flowers can be seen here. this place was once called as "Suicide Point". managed by the township on the way to Kurunji Temple. the Green Valley View point. As the valley is very deep and dangerous. but the name has been changed due to the negative implications. and those who love calm timepassing can prefer this park. It was once known as ‘Suicide Point’.34 Chittiar Park Chettiar park. There is little garden park situated.5 Kms from the lake and very near to Golf club. Tucked away in the northeastern corner of the town. Green Valley View It is about 5. . on the way to Kurinji Andavar Temple. and is still a favourite haunt of suicide-attempters. It commands a beautiful view of the entire Vaigai Dam. Bushes cut and kept in beautiful shapes adorn the garden temple. Near the Kodai Golf Club. is Silent Valley View which provides a breathtaking view of Silent Valley. there are several view points to please the eyes of the tourists. The Kukkal caves are situated at a distance of 40 kilometers from Kodaikanal. The flora of the region is rich in the vegetation growth of the orchids and the shola . Children may be allowed to see only with precautionary defence steps. Children visiting this place has to be taken care by their parents as the valley is very deep and will at its very best when viewed between early mornings and late afternoons. this Silent Valley View gives a thrilling valley view. Just a little away from the Pillar Rock . Kukkal Caves A trip to Kodaikanal -kukkal Caves. Going along the Berijam Lake Road. The journey from Kodaikanal to Kukkal caves will take the tourists through the rich forested area near Kodaikanal.Berijam Lake Road. From Pillar Rock to Berijam lake road.35 Silent Valley View The Silent Valley view is another important and attractive place that should not be missed by any nature enthusiast. is one of the thrilling excursions from Kodaikanal that the tourists may undertake. accessible with free pass issued from the District Forest Office at Kodaikanal. It is situated at a little distance from the Pillar Rock and is seen on the Berijam lake road and the breathtaking view of this valley will be soothing to the eyes. Just a few feet off the road is the Silent Valley Viewpoint (also known as Cap’s Valley View). The panoramic view of this place will make the tourists to spend a lot of time watching the scenic beauty. The Kukkal caves are some of the oldest carved caves of the region. The caves are situated above sea level. Amongst the notable tourist attractions that are peppered all over hill station. it is speculated that rather than living. The Kukkal Caves near Kodaikanal provides the tourists with a captivating view of the valley. According to the dictionary. However. the people kept their valued possessions in the . the Kodaikanal Dolmen Circle deserves special mention. A stroll in the early morning through the wooded regions is an exciting experience for the traveler. Dolmen Circle Kodaikanal.36 trees. dotting the Indian subcontinent. Kodaikanal Dolmen Circle is one of the leading anthropological sites. dolmens are a tripod like structure that buttress a megalithic crypt and date as far back as the Neolithic era. The innumerable dolmens and kistavens provide a fascinating insight into the lifestyle of the prehistoric man. the paradisaical hill resort is a tourist's haven that transports the weary city slicker to an Utopian Elysium. The valley is home to a number of bisons. Extensive research and years of excavation have revealed that the dolmens served the purpose of abodes or hideouts for the ancient man. Pre-historic remains are to be seen here. Thalaiyar Falls Thalaiyar Falls. Driving up the Ghat road. several copper and brass ornaments and utensils have been unearthed in the dolmens. India. . However. Original burial urns unearthed in this region and models of dolmens may be seen in Shenbaganur museum.37 dolmens. In fact. also known as the Rat Tail Falls is located near Kodaikanal. It is 18 kms from the lake. While one dolmen circle is sited at the ghat road in the propinquity of Periakulam. the ravages of time and centuries of repeated neglect have resulted in their gradual depletion. It is tall and is the highest waterfall in Tamil Nadu. The primary functioned as a burial ground for the ancient man. the other rests at a stone's throw distance from the bucolic hamlet at Pannaikadu and forms a fine spectacle as it dominates the Kodaikanal skyline from its elevated position at the summit before Pattiveerampatti. Dindigul district Tamil Nadu. the third highest in India On a clear day Rat Tail Falls is visible from a great distance on a cliff face that just out of the plains. Unfortunately. it appears across the valley as a long thin white strip of cascading water on a background of black rock. there are only two such stone structures that remain standing and intact in the Indian subcontinent. Just below one wall is a large flat rock about 5ft wide. Looking back up to the side. The only noise is the water pushing around the stone walls. Three or four adjacent smaller cascading falls can be seen as you go down the stream. The wilderness surrounding the falls abounds in rare flora and fauna. One can walk along the wall and get near the center of the Falls. one can watch the water in freefall. There is a basin like formation at the bottom fit for bathing. .38 Rat Tail Falls very edge at the top of the Falls has a concrete wall. The noise of the crashing below doesn’t rise up. It is evenly cut step-like rock formation gives more beauty to the cascading effect of the clear waters. and some smaller falls just upstream. Endemic birds and butterflies attract nature lovers to this scheduled spot. two parts from either side concentrating the flow of water to focus the falls into a better rat tail shape. Pambar Falls The overflow of Township Reservoir runs south forming the Fairy Falls and proceeds to join the Vaigai River forming the Pambar Falls on the way. One can get down to the edge of it to look directly straight down what seems a mile to see a tiny little river at the bottom continuing placidly through the forest. It is also known as ‘Grand Cascade’ as the view of the falls is quite majestic. mostly silent. The telescope is well placed and a small fee is collected for the use. It was introduced from Britain. This man-made pine forest. Mr. is a popular pilgrimage centre. . Kodaikanal hills and other areas of the Western Ghats. Bryant started the Kodaikanal pine plantations in the south-west of Kodaikanal PLEASURE TRIPS Palani Temple The ancient hill temple at Palani.39 Telescope House At the north end of the Coaker’s Walk is a Telescope House which was constructed for the benefit of the visitors. with pinecones lying all around. with a view to growing valuable timber. is an ideal place for picnic. The Kurinji Andavar Temple near Kodaikanal is easily visible from here. plush. 53 kms from Kodaikanal. Telescopic views of distant valleys and nearby towns. Pine Forests The pine tree is not a native of India. The deity is Dandayudha Pani Swamy. natural carpet of pine needles. give a great experience to the tourists. denoting Lord Muruga holding the staff in his hand and commands a charming view of Idumban hill. In 1906. with very distant views during clear days. the floor covered with a soft. The materials used for bathing (abhishegam) the idol. It is situated on the banks of the River Vaigai and is known as ‘Athens of the east’ due to its great historical and cultural importance. from Kodaikanal. Murugan stands as one who has renounced all worldly pomp and exuding male physical beauty and youthful vigour. and many diseases have been reportedly cured. milk. It was made by Siddha Bhogar combining 9 poisonous substances (Nava Pashana). It has now been included in the ‘Seven wonders of the modern . viz. Meenakshi Madurai Temple Madurai city is situated 120 kms.40 Wearing only a loin cloth. sandal paste etc. are believed to acquire medicinal properties while being poured over the idol. It is the oldest city in Tamil Nadu and the cultural capital of the state.. the native name for the place. each pillar producing a different musical note and thousands of other architectural and sculptural wonders make this temple unparalleled and incomparable. It is the largest and oldest of its kind in India. which the city has evolved and revolves. The name Dindigul is an English variant of ‘Thindukkal’. The temple is open between 5. Sri Meenakshi Amman Temple. It was famous for its academy of critics. In 1790 Tipu was defeated and . It is also a great shopping centre for traditional and modern artefacts and handicrafts. Dindigul Fort Dindigul is a district headquarters situated at 93 kms from Kodaikanal it got its name from a large rock hillock on which a fort has been constructed. There are also two great museums.30 pm and again between 4 pm and 9. In 1784 it came under Tipu Sultan. who constructed more rooms inside the fort and strengthened the walls and the popular name for the fort is still ‘Tipu’s Fort’.am and 12. an imposing palace and other cultural. It came into being 2000 years ago and was renovated in the present form during the reign of Thirumalai Nayak. its long corridors with matchless musical pillars. educational and religious centres in Madurai city. Thiruparakundram and Koodal Azhagar Temple are the most famous. Azhagar Koil. Greek and Indian documents record the existence of Madurai City from the 4th century BC as the heartland of Dravidian culture. a hall of thousand pillars( Ayiramkal Mandapam) with 985 pillars each with a life-like and life-size sculpture. Its four massive gateways. which refers to the pillow like (Thindu) formation of the rock (kal).30 pm. learning and commerce.41 world’ by popular choice. The fort was built at height of 280 feet in the year 1605 by the then Madurai King Muthukrishna Naicker and completed in 1659 by Thirumalai Naicker. The greatest attractions in Madurai city are the ancient and grand temples of world renown. poets are who were highly esteemed by both kings and commoners of that age. which is actually Sri MeenakshiSundareswarar twin temple. It is an enormous complex covering an area. Meenakshi Amman Temple. deciduous forests. sholas and deciduous forests will arouse interest. The climate and the plentiful clean water sources are additional attractions to the long trekking tourists. very few of them are reported to be really dangerous to humans. Water falls. Kodai – Vilpaty – Ganesapuram – Puliamarathope – Palani A 6 ½ hours trek of 16 Kms distance. kms.42 the fort came into the hands of British. It is open from 9. takes you to Vilpatty village and from there. It is now a protected archaeological site. semi evergreen forests. scrub jungle. Kodaikanal – Dolphin’s Nose – Vallagavi – Kumbakkarai (8 Kms) It takes 5 to 6 hours. The return trip would be very rough and the hiking needs strong physique. There are hundreds of short trekking routes in this area. Better take a guide. Trekking Paths It is at the centre of the Palni Hills with 2068 sq. . The main long trekking routes favoured by trekkers are given below. a zigzag steep path runs along the river Palar. Very few days in a year are inconvenienced by heavy downpours of harsh rain. Be alert. open grasslands and rocky crags all make these cool mountain slopes the dream destination for the trekker.00 am to 6. Coffee plantations are in abundance. It has various types of forest cover makes Kodaikanal an ideal site for trekking. The heat of the sun is never felt as in the plains of Tamil Nadu. Elephants may cross.00 pm and an entry pass is required. Kodai – Thoppi thoki parai – Periyur – Periyakulam Roughly a 5 hours & 19 KM trek includes a steep rise and one can have a glimpse of Guar. Though wild animals are easily sighted. Kukkal – Kudiraiyar Dam A difficult 13 Kms long trek route takes 5 hours for a trained trekker. 43 . Mount Perumal The uphill task from Perumal Malai village will take you to 2234 metres altitude. small sholas. Vandaravu range. Gundar Valley A day’s trip. It is advisable to have a guide. Pig Valley – Pallangi – Kodai Orchards. Pumbarai village etc. .44 Pallangi – Porunthalur Dam A 5 hours trek covering 14 Kms runs through sholas. rushing streams. rice fields and the Pallangi village will enthuse the visitors. Manavanur sheep farm. Up & Down trek will be 3 ½ hours duration. and falls will arouse interest. Gundar River. second highest in the Palani hills is normally a full day affair. trek forests and plantations. Vembadi PeVak It gives you a magnificent view of Berijam lake. For a longer stretch go upto Pambar falls. The scenic location adds to the enjoyment of the game and the climate which is usually dry and cool is most suitable for the recreation. Wattle forests. sholas. Leving (Pambar) Stream A short walk from Kodaikanal. Trekking to this 2466 metre peak. RECREATIONS Golf There is a golf course of international standard and specifications that attract many golf lovers to this place. It is an excellent picnic spot. The risk factors have been taken into account and life-saving devices like life jackets are provided together with the services of well trained personnel. Fishes like trout and cyprinus are found in plenty in these lakes and no angler will ever be disappointed without getting a good catch. sail boats and shikkaras are available for hire for specified times inside the Kodaikanal Lake. Angling Permission for angling is given only to the members of the Kodaikanal Boat Club. Tourists are assisted in this by trained personnel and they take care of those who ride these animals for the first time in their lives. . Boating Single and doubles row boats. pedal boats. The morning and evening sunlight and the cool breeze make a horse ride along these mountain slopes a treasured experience.45 Cycling There is a well metalled path around the lake and several paths leading into the wooded hills around. Tourists mostly enjoy riding around the lake at a slow pace drinking in the scenic beauty of the placid waters and the verdant hills on either side of the path. Horse Riding There are several places where horses and ponies are available on hire for riding for specified time. temporary membership of the Kodaikanal Boat Club is issued to the visitor who is interested in angling in the waters of the Kodaikanal Lake and the Berijam Lake. punts. Boats to accommodate any number of passengers from a single person to a dozen are readily available. These animals are well trained and well fed and look neat and healthy. Bicycles of different sizes and makes are available on hire for riding on these roads. However. The scenic hills around the Lake and the vast expanse of the Lake itself combine to give the visitors a most unforgettable experience. Forests are essential to the existence of Gaur. They are quick and sharpsighted. the fauna depending on such vegetation are also disappearing at an alarming rate. They have been sighted in the vicinity of Berijam Lake and surrounding sholas. Nilgiri Tahr (Hemitragus hypocrius) A close relative of Himalayan tahr. usually seen in flocks of varying sizes.46 Rare Species The lower Plains were cultivated with cash crops like coffee. . and the disappearance of forest cover will certainly result in the disappearance of these magnificent creatures. Now the original vegetation of the Plains. and standing 190 Cms. cardamom. Now they are found in isolated pockets in Western Ghats south of Nilgiri's from 1200-2000 Mtrs. etc.. Indian Bison (Bos gaurus) Gaur is one of the most impressive of worlds wild oxen with adult bulls weighing upto 1000 Kgs. But most of the grasslands have been planted with the forest cover has been systematically decimated. oranges. Close on the hills of the disappearance of the vegetation. Madhyapradesh and the Himalayan foot hill regions of Assam and Bhuttan. it was common once in South India. the construction works and orchard plantations have taken their toll. is restricted to some scheduled spots. The upper Plains were more intact recently. Some of the important plants and animals to be urgently protected are described below. elevations. at the shoulder. containing the relics of an extremely ancient vegetation system. In India they are now reduced in numbers. being limited to scattered populations in the Western Ghats. at the beginning of the last century leaving little of the original vegetation which had remained there for centuries. Adding to these. Several species of flora and fauna are either extinct or on the average of extinction. Asiatic Elephant (Elephas maximus) This is the second largest land mammal living on earth today. They are slowly disappearing together with the shola trees that fall to the axe of the greedy timber traders.000 of these remain in the whole world. because of his greed for ivory and land. Lion Tailed Macaque (Macaca silenus) This is one of the most endangered of all monkeys in the world. The total population available in India is around 15. The great mane of this species distinguishes it from all other macaques. This tree has medicinal value also. which is found only in the shola grasslands in Western Ghats.47 Rhododendron (Nilgiricum) This is a unique evergreen tree. palms. They are found in the evergreen rain-forests of Nilgiris and other parts of the Western Ghats and are now in danger of extinction due to their habitat loss and poaching. Only less than 40. Red bright flowers that appear on these trees are extremely beautiful. An adult requires about 270 Kgs.000. There is clearly a real threat to the continued existence of the elephant in this region due to developmental activities that destroy their natural habitat. The elephant's only serious enemy is man. of such food daily. The elephant is purely vegetarian and subsists on a wide variety of woody plants. FLORA & FAUNA Flora . Its leaves and flowers are used for preparing medicines for rheumatic fever and many other diseases. bamboos and other grasses. Wild mallows. The streams abound in mountain game fish and rare varieties of small fishes. ferns. Fauna Mornings and evenings on the hill-slopes reverberate with the sweet songs of endemic birds. oranges. Several small and harmless wild animals like the malabar giant squirrel. cherries. There are also rare frogs. etc. PLANTATION & SPECIES The terrain. warblers. sambar deer. Thrushes. apple and other fruits are found in and around Kodaikanal. Plantations of coffee. hill mynas. Many rare varieties of wild orchids grow spontaneously on the trees and rocks. wedged between steep slopes and watered by perennial streams gurgling down the valleys. etc. Besides these. wild rabbits etc. shrikes. Colourful butterflies. The trees are so old and so tall that you feel miniaturised by the strength of nature. orchards of plums. . hemp. climate and soil of the Palni Hills are ideal for cultivation of commercial cash crops. creepers. woodpeckers. The grasslands are home to rare plants including the Neelakurinji that turns the hills with carpet flowering every 12 years. thrive in the shade of the shola lands. pigeons. barking deer.. moths and other insects abound in the sholas and grasslands.. parakeets. flycatchers.48 The sholas are found in the valleys. lichens. pepper and cardamom are seen on large tracts of the hill slopes. beans. abound in the green shade. toads and other amphibians in the streams. bulbuls. balsams. b. pepper was used in India not only as a spice or condiment. From ancient times. .49 Cardamom It is the most popular spice in the world with the widest range of uses. pungent and highly aromatic and is used in foods. Organic pepper and c. at the fairest of rates: a. medicines and preservatives. Pepper oil and oleoresin. It is hot. Pepper The ‘Black Gold’ that attracted the Europeans to the Malabar Coast like a loadstone is historically the most famous Indian spice. beverages. but also as a medicinal ingredient in hundreds of Ayurvedic preparations. The dried mature fruit of cardamom (Elettaria Cardamomum) is used as whole or discarding the outer skin. Its oil is used for flavouring foods and beverages and in perfumes. India offers three types of pepper products. Black and white pepper. produced in flawless scientific quality and manner. at present. to the spice-hungry world. Most food and bakery items are made more appetising by the addition of the warm and slightly pungent aroma of cardamom. Sarawak. Sarawak and Brazilian compete with modern Indian black and white pepper varieties in the world market. which was not very steady during the recent years. However the worst is over according to agriculture experts. . It grows on bushes and has hard beans of semi-globular shape. both black and white. The price of coffee fluctuates according to European demand. is available at bargain rates in the spice shops of Kodaikanal. dried and powdered to get coffee powder. Coffee Coffee is one of the most popular homely refresher drinks in the world. hygienically packed. The whole bush turns white with aromatic flowers with any garden flower in beauty and fragrance. Black pepper varieties like Lampong. The white flowers and green and red berries are themselves a pleasing sight. Brazilian and Sri Lankan and white pepper varieties such as Muntok. Best quality Indian pepper. which are husked. of which the most popular traditional Indian varieties are Alleppey black pepper and Tellicherry black pepper.50 There are several varieties of pepper. Mauritius. beginning on the last day of the Tamil month Margazhi. Most of the people in Kodaikanal are engaged in work connected with tourism. Tamilians are a major chunk of the Dravidian race that predominantly populate South India. by cleaning their homes and premises and lighting bonfires of whatever can be disposed of by burning. On the second day of the festival. Tamil being the mother tongue of more than 80 million people is the most widely spoken language. called chakkara pongal is prepared and offered to the Sun God. as the most income generating employment.51 CHAPTER . It begins with bhogi pongal to thank god for the harvest. The last century saw the Tamilian population spread to 20 countries such as Malaysia. Sri Lanka and some other small pockets of civilisation that stretch up to Baluchistan and Iran. Fiji. South Africa etc. plantations and horticulture. FESTIVALS Pongal It is the four-day harvest festival celebrated in January. or soorya pongal. Norway and Denmark have more Tamilians than weden. The others are Tamilians who came during the last two centuries from the plains around. The booming tourism industry is attracting more and more educated people to it. They are now gradually being integrated into the main stream community life. a delicacy made of cooked rice and jaggery. There are 22 languages classified as Dravidian. Singapore.IV PEOPLE & CULTURE In Kodaikanal only 2500 are indigenous tribal people called Palians who were ‘hunters and gatherers’ who shunned contact with the settlers in the early days of settlement. Elaborate kolams (designs made with rice flour) are drawn on the door way of every home early in . falling on the first day of the Tamil month Thai. jallikkattu. jallikkattu. as per Tamil calendar. or kaanum pongal. or uzhavar thirunal. or mattu pongal. . It is also the day of the labourers. is held in several places on the plains of Tamil Nadu. On the fourth day. On the third day. Adventurous men risk their lives to overcome and control ferocious bulls which are reared for this special purpose and let loose. a native version of bull fight. a day set aside to thank the agricultural labourers. is held at certain places. Jallikkattu On the fourth day of the Pongal festival. falling on the third day of the Thai month of the Tamil calendar. the cattle are bathed and adorned with beads and flowers.52 the morning. a native version of the bull fight. and people visit their relatives and family members who are away. 53 Money or gold may be tied to the sharpened horns of the bulls as prizes for the victors. feasting with dinners and merry making. participate in this dangerous traditional sport. new clothes and delicious food specialities. the Institute of Natural History. The Hindu population celebrate the festival with fireworks. So the Christmas celebrations in Kodaikanal always had a special European flavour to it. These are followed by sumptuous dinner. . Special ceremonies. In earlier times. special church services. Sweets are presented to friends and neighbours without caste. Christmas The modern history of Kodaikanal is intertwined with the advent of the British and other European pioneers who discovered the beauty of the place in the 19th century. Deepavali Deepavali is the festival of lights that celebrates the victory of good over evil. decorations. Miladi Sherif It is the birthday of Prophet Muhammad celebrated during the month of April. Miladi Sherif is used by the Muslims as an occasion to express their communal harmony with the members of other communities by distributing their delicacies to neighbours and friends. are also conducted in the temples. class or religious distinctions. jallikkattu was prevalent as a contest for selecting a bridegroom for a well-sought-after belle. hundreds of young and middle aged men. The Muslim community gather at mosques and specially arranged prayer enclosures for religious services. even to this day. the Kodaikanal Christian College and other educational institutions and churches were established by the Christian community which consisted mainly of Europeans. It falls in the month of October-November. Carroll singing groups with Santa Claus. and yet. Many participants get injured during this contest and even deaths are common place. illuminations. The Sacred Heart College. and even teenagers. mark the festival that extends to the New Years Eve. attended by scores of devotees. When he arrived Kodai. The meaning of Kodaikanal is "the Shade in Summer". Its rich Christian culture and tradition. Parday bungalows. He reached Kodaikanal travelling by horse for 4 days even in Thunder and heavy rain.54 Mother Salette Kodaikanal. The festival is marked by special services and a special procession. Clark. there was only Baynes. One of the ancient churches is the "Mother Salette" church. irrespective of religion. which is 133 years old. a Hill station situated in Southern India. creed or faith.This festival attracts a congregation of people from all over south India. is known for its beautiful and ancient churches. a unique carnival takes place at this church. . The sculptural elegance of the churches in Kodaikanal add to the natural beauty of the surroundings and provide not just inner but aesthetic pleasure as well. still stands apart. Every year on the 14th and 15th of august. Father Louis belongs to Christ Church. He came to Kodaikanal on 1952 for the first time. The credit of being the first catholic priest goes to Father Louis Saint Ceer. Parker. This brings about the conclusion to a Nine-day festival. After viewing this he returned to the plain. After some days they owned the Baynes bungalow under their responsibility on September 29. So Baynes bungalow was now called as La-providence. But it's sold out now. This is the first pilgrimage place in India for Mother Salete. when brother Lamothy built the body of the Church. Huge crowd of people will travel from plain for 3 days and reach Mother Salete Church. Father Rettary became the first president of the church. So this festival was banned up to 1893. Soon after. the festival was celebrated for Mother Salete. So from 1866 onwards every last Sunday of May. That bungalow was changed as a rest house for the members of Christ Church. a lady. the last sunday of May. In the year 1866. In 1866 the day. La-providence. This church was made towards his feeling and to heel others as well. The foundation for Mother Salete Church was laid on 1865 February 28. In the same year March 17 the building work was started with the blessings of Father Saint Ceer. the priest was cured and he vowed to setup a church in India that would mirror the church of La Salete in France. gave 20. . The British people complained about the disturbances of the crowd.000 rupees as donation for the reconstruction of the bungalow. In 1858. Mother Salete Church was dedicated by Keanos. thank's offering was fulfilled. He happened to choose the mountainous region Kodaikanal to built this special House of God because the church he wished to emulate encased with in the mighty mountain rains of the alps.55 In the year 1860. Father Saint Ceer was severely affected by viral fever. With lots of hope he prayed to the Lady of La Salete. May 24th Father Louis sait came with his father Rettary and stayed in Baynes bungalow at Kodaikanal. Mrs. Kacondys helped hand to build up Mother Saleth Church. To show him gratitude she donated some amount which was helpful for raising the church. cleaned properly and arranged in such way that it invites visitors to purchase. 1887. medicinal herbs and oils. they make the picnickers to buy things. Her busy daughter felt sick and she was cured by the water of Salete inty with the advice of Saint Ceer. almost all can be seen in street side small shops. All the commodities are brought from far away places. In the year 1883. Father Saint Ceer expired on January 17th. The statue of Mother Salete was given as a gift to John. In between 1884 and 1885 the Church was extended 5 mtrs by its sides and the front portion is affixed with several spires that end in the figure of the cross and square bell tower was also established. hot snacks. Flowers. In the year 1869 Mr. Very few Europeans will be there at Kodai on this occasion. Summer festival programmes in the month of May includes Flower Show. In a nutshell the daily activities of Kodai people is centered around inflow of tourists. In last five years the boom in . Woollen material. the Baptist by Fara Bishop of Grenoble. By making a attractive display of items. Dog Show and Boat Shows. One could see school crowd after school hours and on weekends. children toys. Holy Michael's statue was given as a memorial statue to Father Michael Besard.Natigan the engineer at Dindigul gave 19 acres of land for Mother Salete Church.56 In the year 1904 the steps were taken to recelebrate the festival and it was succeeded on August 15th. Daily Activities The foremost activity of the residents are to make their living out of tourists. His Holy Body was burried at the entrance of the Mother Salete Church. Vegetables. handmade articles. ' The entrance of Mother Salate Church ' was established. Shopping Spot The Residents of Kodai grumble since essential household things are always in short supply as everything has to come up in lorries. Bone and Walnut wood articles. . Souvenirs. receptionists. Handicraft Kashmir Handicrafts center in Anna Salai is famous for shawls. Exquisite embroidery. Brass. waiters. sells goods crafted by development groups and uses the commission charged to help the needy. home made chocolates. cooks whose activities vary according to their profession. dried flowers are also available in a wide range of prices. brown bread. Leather items. gifts and momentoes can be bought easily and upto fullest satisfaction. run by the voluntary organisation Corsock.57 hotel industry resulted in hike of workers. Butter. Eco-nut in Pt. However the need of tourist viz. Kodai Cheese. managers. Jewellary. In Anna Salai excellent fresh vegetables available in the town market of the bazaar.Road has good whole foods. enough of warm cloths. the owners. gardeners. Muffins which will be very tasty. Cottage Crafts Shop (Anna Salai). Jams. Peanut. (Coordinating Council for Social Concerns in Kodai). room boys. Cheese. Apart from coffee estates in the plantations. AGRICULTURE IN KODAIKANAL The main occupation of the people of Kodaikanal is agriculture. Cauliflowers and other vegetables attract the picnickers which are seen everywhere in markets. are notable which are available for sale.58 On PT Rd you'll find Kashmiri shops. The people of the place are very hospitable and are ready anytime to welcome the visitors open handedly. cheap stuff to keep you warm on chilly nights. Peaches.Tue. etc. Potatoes in huge volumes. Being one famous travel spot on the map of India. In addition to this a lot many vegetables are also grown here. Among the different kinds of flowers.good. Various varieties of fruits are found in Kodaikanal like peaches. The vegetables and fruits in Kodaikanal are famous for their freshness and quality. Daturas. as well as the Potter's Shed (Time: 9am . The weather helps for cultivation of these fruits and vegetables in large volumes. How to reach Kodaikanal: Kodaikanal is a famous tourist destination in India since long. pears. Pears. 9am . Plums and all the other fruits of temperate hills are grown here. Dahlias. The road leading south to the lake is sometime lined with stalls run by Tibetans selling warm clothing. eucalyptus trees. cultivating orchards. Kodaikanal is located about 520 km .5pm Wed) with fine ceramics. grapes. sweet smelling Madonna lillies. flowers. Shawls and other fabrics . proceeds go to help disadvantaged children.8pm Thu . It is one of the Hill stations in the southern region of India that offers so many things to the tourists visiting this destination. The place is rich in the extensive farming of a lot of vegetables and fruits.. Grapes . it is very well connected with the major cities. blue gum. pines. wattles and fruit trees are most profitable business here. 64 km. Kodaikanal is 120 km away from Madhurai and about 262 km away from Coimbatore.264 km.80 km.160 km.160 km. taxis and vans are available and a limited number of city buses are also available but there are no auto-rickshaws.197 km. By Road: Kodaikanal has a good network of roads connecting other cities to the hill station. Kodai Road Station which is 80 km / 50 miles in south east and Dindigul Railway Junction which is 100 km / 62 miles in east.90 km. Kodaikanal is connected by road with Coimbatore. By Air: The closest airports to Kodaikanal are: one in Madhurai and the other in Coimbatore. there are various options available to reach Kodaikanal. By Train: The nearest Railway stations are Palani Railway Station which is 64 km / 40 miles in north. Trichy.175 km. Madurai120 km. Munnar.59 away from Chennai. Ooty. Kumili. Kodai Road. Palani. Local Transport: Rental bicycles. 262 km away from Coimbatore. 120 km away from Madurai and 615 km away from Bangalore. Periyar. . Chennai. Once you reach any of these cities.520 km. As a tourist destination Kodaikanal offers you an amazing holiday. Discovered by American missionaries. Situated in the state of Tamil Nadu. Beautiful landscape. It's cool. The fresh and spectacular scenic beauty of this hill resort. With its intoxicating air. cycling and walking trails. In local terms its popularly referred as 'Kodai'. So plan your visit to this amazing place. and the lake provides boating. This hill resort in South India welcomes to a mesmerizing summer retreat.60 CHAPTER-V CONCLUSION Kodaikanal is also known as the 'Switzerland of the East' and the 'Princess of Hill Stations'. Kodaikanal is one of the most explored destinations of southern India. Kodaikanal is an ideal summer resort for the travel buffs of the southern regions. horse riding. . among the Palani Hills. breathtaking scenery and serenity that you can hardly find in any other hill station. which are stocked and waiting to be unearthed. this popular lakeside resort town is a magnet for nature lovers year-round. this town is spread out around a star-shaped Lake. lush vegetation.a land to feel free and lively. Carp fishing and Trout fishing are available in nearby streams. and create a perfect vacation in one of the most charming hill resorts in India. and it means "end of the forest" or "gift of the forest" or "summer forest". lush green velleys and its cool climate makes Kodaikanal one of the most popular hill stations. crystal blue lakes and colonial charm . Kodaikanal has several scenic natural attractions which are enjoyed by its visitors and make it a popular destination. "Kodaikanal" is a native Tamil word used since the discovery of this area.000 feet above sea level. Kodaikanal being nearly 7. with soaring hills. virtually. which provides a panoramic view of the lofty hills. The resort is. Another superb vantage point. and Bear Shola Falls. graftings and hybrids.shaped lake. Kodai is also blessed with the rare bloom of the . Nature seems to have blessed Kodai in all her magnanimity. Kodaikanal lies pretty in the Palani Hills of Tamil Nadu. famous for its rare collection of flowers. Kodaikanal is an ideal hill resort for the tourists from all over. The summer retreat of Kodaikanal literally means ‘gift of the forest’. There are ample opportunities available for Trekkers. as outlined in a pamphlet available at the District Forest Office. has granted Kodai international fame. The Coaker's Walk offers some fantastic views of the surrounding plains. which blossoms once in 12 years. tranquil woods. is the venue of great horticultural shows. Pillar Rocks. a heaven for trekkers and avid nature lovers. Kodaikanal also has a lovely golf course. Events for Tourists You can enjoy customary boat-ride or a horse-ride to negotiate and explore this exotic hill resort. that embrace Kodaikanal.It is the only hill resort developed by Americans in India. a fact evident from the immense profusion of exotic flora and fauna of the area.61 Specialties of Kodai With its spectacular rocks. Amongst its other natural attractions is a star . The splendid Bryant Park. set in a dreamy locale. founded in 1898. lovely lake and intoxicating air. is the country's only Solar Physical Laboratory. The hillplantain fruits and plums are known for their freshness and taste. where golf enthusiasts can enjoy playing golf. are the Green Valley View. The amazing orchid collection at the Shenbaganur Museum. The Boat Club offers umpteen pleasure and racing trips. held every year in May. You have an option of about 17 routes of varying lengths. in beautiful scenic surroundings. Some of the popular picnic spots in the resort. The hill town is renowned for its educational institutions of international repute.The pride of Kodaikanal is the 'Kurinji-flower'. dedicated to Lord Murugan. is the Kurinji Andavar temple. Another major attraction of this area. Horses and bicycles can be hired beside the lake for short periods. which is recognized as Kodaikanal's most popular geographic landmark and tourist attraction. The Kodaikanal Lake is an artificial. The Guna caves.62 highly elusive Kurinji flower. made popular by the Tamil movie Guna.Kodaikanal promises to be an ideal getaway. thus rendering it a bird . Kodaikanal is a boon for the people of Tamilnadu because it is easily accessible to them.watcher's delight. for those craving for an invigorating yet soothing holiday. away from the madness of the city.The Bryant Park is a wonderfully maintained botanical garden. The park organizes horticultural exhibits and flower shows every summer. are deep batinfested chambers between the three gigantic boulders that are the Pillar Rocks. which is situated on the southern crest of the Palani knolls. Ornamental plants are cultivated in a nursery for sale. Rowboats and pedalos can be hired at the Kodaikanal Boat Club. 120 kms from Madurai. roughly star-shaped lake. the park is a rainbow of stunning flowers during the peak season. Kodaikanal is a lovely hill station. To conclude. . The deep narrow ravines of the caves are now closed to public due to the tragic deaths of twelve youths there. With 325 species of trees. shrubs and cactuses. once in 12 years. previously called Devil’s Kitchen. The Kurinji last bloomed in 1992. The resort is also home to various species of birds. that makes a dramatic appearance.