What is a Chain? A series of connected links, usually made of metal. It is a reliable machine component, which transmits power by means of tensile forces. Used primarily for power transmission and conveyance systems. Though he obtained a patent on bicycle chain in 1832. . it turned out to be used not for bicycles but for load transmission. a Frenchman.HISTORY OF CHAINS Leonardo da Vinci. This is said to be the beginning of the chain's history. is the one who put it into practical use.made a fairly accurate sketch of a structure that is now called the chain. This chain is known now as "Gal chain". who is famous for the "The Last Supper" mural in Milan. Medier Gal. Features of Chain Drives Chain drives are the most economical way to transmit power to the rear wheel. and is more versatile. They also convey the greatest percentage of engine power. . Chain can accommodate long shaft-center distances (less than 4 m). It is easy to cut and connect chains. It is possible to use chain with multiple shafts or drives with both sides of the chain. . Speed reduction of up to seven to one. and not as smooth as a shaft or belt drive. while transmitting the same torque. .y The sprocket diameter for a chain system may be smaller than a belt pulley. y They also require the most maintenance. are dirty. Basic Structure of Power Transmission Chain . Conventional and bushingless chain . the inner link plates are extruded so that the inner plates also serve as the bushings Bushingless Bicycle Chain Components Schematic Diagram of Bushingless Bicycle Chain .Bushingless chain In the bushingless chain. and industrial and agricultural machinery. .Roller chain This type of chain is most commonly used for the transmission of mechanical power in bicycles. motorcycles. This bearing is where the chain wear occurs and where lubrication is needed. by side plates. exploded view of all roller chain components Chain is a series of journal bearings joined together. O-ring chains The o-rings fit into the gap between the rollers and the links that surround each roller and hold the entire chain together. These chains are most notably used in motorcycles . o-rings prevent dirt and other contaminants from entering the inside of the chain linkages. which causes significant wear. These rubber fixtures form a barrier that holds factory applied lubricating grease inside of the rollers while still applying sufficient lubrication to the chain body. or simply for aesthetics. . but some are chrome-plated or stainless steel to prevent rust.Bicycle Chain y A bicycle chain is a roller chain that transfers power from the pedals to the drive-wheel of a bicycle. thus propelling it. y Most bicycle chains are made from plain carbon or alloy steel. tricycle.30 Roller Chain Roller Chain Bushingless Chain Simple drive General purpose With derailleur Sports Racing Pitch 12.38 . child's Infant's Road racing. mountain.Application Category General Infant Special Purpose Nominal Number 1/2 × 1/8 Models of Bicycles Sports. track Inner Link racing. Construction Application Width tandem 3.7 2.7 1/2 × 3/32 12. general-purpose. small-tire. heavy-duty carriage. sand. dirt. These specially developed chains are used as the part of the drive train to transmit the motor power to the back wheel Motorcycle Chain in Action . and high shock loads.Motorcycle Chain y Motorcycles are high-speed applications that operate in tough conditions³rain. y one can freely design the motorcycle's reduction ratio taking into account the specifications and the working conditions.500 m/min. y In the case of a racing motorcycle. which are in the crank cases. by the ease in adjusting the shaft center distance and the number of teeth of the sprocket. . and the chain speed is 1. the engine power may be 180 hp. for example.Why for chains??? y Motorcycle Chains are superior to gears. 95 7.35 7. 50. because of the very demanding working conditions 40 Class Chain Number 420 425 428 Inside Width (mm) 6. and 60) as Standard Roller Chains.35 7.95 50 Class Chain Number 520 525 530 Inside Width (mm) 6. But they have a special width of inner links.53 60 Class Chain Number 630 Inside Width (mm) 9.Construction Motorcycle Chains have the same basic construction and sizes (numbers 40.95 9.53 . .Features y Strength Quad-staked riveting on the pin head helps to retain the link plate on the pin. y Wear life Special coated pins. and seamless bushings with O-rings are used to extend the wear life of the chain. sintered bushings that are oil impregnated. Link plates are thicker (heavy) and the rollers are seamless. Connecting links are press fit. sand. plating. (gold or silver). y Appearance These chains may have special coloring. or mud -O-rings are used to seal the chains.y Resistance to dirt. or glossy finish on the plate . Failure of Motorcycle Chains may result in injury or death. even with the samesized chains.Selection and Handling Usually the specifications differ for each motorcycle or application. Care must be exercised when connecting or aligning the chains. . To improve the durability.In this case. Chains wear rapidly if the O-rings fall off or if the oil in the sintered bushings is depleted.the chain must be replaced. The life of O-ring chain is usually determined by the durability of the O-ring. there should be an oil film on the Oring at all times. . lubrication techniques y the size and condition of the bicycle's sprockets.Chain durability Chain durability is affected by y riding style y gear choice y whether the bicycle is ridden in rain or snow y type of soil in the local terrain y type of lubricant. . Chain problems y Chain stretch y Chain skipping y Improper lubrication y Broken pins . Shaft driven bicycle . Shaft driven motorcycle . y Shaft drives are typically more complex to disassemble when repairing flat rear tires.though lower than that of a properly adjusted and lubricated chain. y They are heavier than the chain drives. y The manufacturing cost is typically higher. without adjustments or maintenance. .y Shaft drives operate at a very consistent rate of efficiency and performance. chains are being developed in several ways: Lighter weight Higher rust and weather resistance Attractive appearance Guarding Lower noise at engagement.Conclusions To keep up with the design enhancements of bicycles. . and heat treatments to improve the performance of the chain. Manufacturers are working on new materials. Motorcycle Chains must have greater durability lighter and smaller.Motorcycles are getting faster and more powerful. . sizes. Therefore. THANK YOU .