Medical Study11 -2 01 6 Centre 20 Session 2011-2016 se ss io n We the team of medical study centre session 2011-2016 have copmiled these pharma mnemonics unit wise. We hope our effort of mnemonics collection will help you all in proff. ce nt re We want that this collection must be shared with your friends and fellows .please give us your feed back about this collection in our group and page ALI Zeeshan(QAMC) ATHAR ALI (QAMC) Noreen FATIMA (FJMC) M ed ic a ls tu dy Regards: admin Panel https://www.facebook.com/groups/Medical.study.ce ntre/ http://atharali187.blogspot.com/ atharali187.blogspot.com Pharmacology 11 -2 01 6 Mnemonics M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n 20 General pharma atharali187.blogspot.com 1. Zero order kinetics drugs in high doses APE 11 -2 01 6 Aspirin Phenytoin Ethanol 20 2. P450 inhibitors IQ SMACKD io n Isoniazid ss Quinolones se Spironolactone re Macrolides ls tu dy Ketoconazole ce Cimetidine nt Amiodarone M ed ic a Dapsone atharali187.blogspot.com K Cannot Cause Enzyme Inhibition" Valproate ls tu dy Ketaconazole Cimetidine Ciprofloxacin M ed ic a atharali187.blogspot. Enzymes Inhibitors ce "Vit. P450 inducers GTQ CRABS Grisofulvin Tetracyclin 20 Quinidine Carbamazepine io n Rifampin ss Alcohol se Barbiturates re Sulfa drugs nt 4.com .11 -2 01 6 3. com . ototoxicity causative agents A+.C.B.Erythromycin INH 11 -2 01 6 5.D.blogspot. " Barbiturates Cytotoxic drugs-Nitrogen mustard & cisplatin affect Organ of corti (irreversible) Diuretics-Ethacrynic acid. enzymes inhibitor re se ss io 20 Aminoglycosides* (Profound and irreverible hair cell loss) n Cimetidine Omeprazole Metronidazole M ed ic a ls tu dy atharali187. frusemide cause Ionic changes (reversible) ce COMIC CASE ' nt 6. drugs metabolized by acetylation io SHIP' Sulfonamides including dapsone Hydralazine Isoniazid (INH) Procainamide ce nt re se ss ls tu dy 8. teratogenic drugs :major non-antibiotics TAP CAP: Thalidomide M ed ic a atharali187.blogspot.com . Chloramphenicol Ciprofloxacin Allopurinol Sulphonamides Erythromycin 11 -2 01 6 Isoniazid 20 n 7. Androgens Progestins Corticosteroids Aspirin & indomethacin Phenytoin 11 -2 01 6 20 9. drug with low therapeutic index 'The Queen Likes to Dig Low' Theophylline Quinine Lithium M ed ic a ls tu dy atharali187.blogspot. therapeutic index formula n 'TILE': se ss io TI = LD50 / ED50 ce nt re 10.com . com . G-protein Q: M3 receptor.blogspot. G-protein S: beta 2 receptor G-protein Q: M1 receptor. G-proteins I: alpha 2 receptor . atharali187. G protein for receptors "QISS & QIQ" (Kiss and Kick): G-protein Q: alpha 1 receptor. oral drugs forming insoluble complexes TIAPS ' M ed ic a Read as “Tie-ups”. ss io n 20 G-proteins and their respective receptors in alphabetical order: ls tu dy ce nt re se & 12. Digoxin have 11 -2 01 6 11. G-protein I: M2 receptor. G-proteins S: beta 1 receptor . non-competitive inhibitor drugs atharali187. autoinduction Drugs that induce their own metabolism 20 Auto.blogspot.Car & Rickshaw 11 -2 01 6 ss io n Autoinduction -Carbamazepine & Rifampin re se 14.com . orally ineffective or less effective drugs Pencillin-G Insulin ls tu dy ce nt "Dont put PINS inside the mouth!" Neostigmine Streptomycin M ed ic a 15.Tetracycline with Iron compounds Antacids/Phenytoin with Sucralfate 13. Aspirin se ss io D. theophylline I. drygs metabolised by Acetylation atharali187.blogspot.com . Lovastatin t. Propyl thiouracil 20 S. Sildenafil n A. Disulfiram nt M ed ic a ls tu dy ce PHC IS Primary P-Procainamide H-Hydralazine C-Clonazepam I-INH S-Sulphonamides P-Phenelzine re 16. acetazolamide 11 -2 01 6 Live.A LIVE TIPS AD A. Indomethacin P. zero order kinetic 11 -2 01 6 SWAT . Warfarin. Theophylline Police .17.Salicylate.blogspot. Alcohol.com . LIVER ENZYME INDUCERS 20 SB CCPR M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n SULFAPYRAZONE BARBITURATES CHRONIC ALCOHOL CARBAMEZEPINE PHENYTOIN RIFAMPICIN atharali187.Phenytoin Team – Tolbutamide 18. HYDRALAZINE. Enzyme inducers GPRS Cell Phone 11 -2 01 6 G-Griseofulvin P-Phenyton R-Rifampicin S-Smoking C-Carbamazepine P-Phenobarbitone 20 20. Gi mediated receptors nt ls tu dy Muscarinic Alpha Dopamine ce Type 2 receptor of re MAD 2 M ed ic a Act through GPCR with Gi as Gprotein atharali187.SULPHONAMIDE.PROC AINAMIDE se 21.19. acetylation drugs ss io n DSHIP=DAPSONE...INH..com . .blogspot. ASIN.hCG.beta agonists. a-alpha2 agonist. Thyroid-TSH 11 -2 01 6 22. . p-PTH. ACTH. or KAZOLE: atharali187.com .calcitonin. TORSADES DE POINTES nt M ed ic a ls tu dy ce QUINIDINE DISOPYRAMIDE SOTOLOL PROCAINAMIDE ARSENIC OXIDE AMIADARONE AZOLES re se QUEEN IS SONALI. m-MSH. camp as second messenger ss 23.ADH. C-CRH.blogspot. somany-somatostatin. PRIYANKA. glue-glucagon.io n 20 beta c amp glue lubricates so many thyroids Beta. AMRITHA. Lubricates-LH. blogspot.24. microsomal enzyme inhibitor 11 -2 01 6 PEACOCK VALA M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n 20 P: PHENYLBUTAZONE E: ERYTHROMYCIN A: ALLOPURINOL C: CIPROFLOXACIN O: OMEPRAZOLE C: CIMETIDINE K: KETOCONAZOLE VALA: VAPROATE atharali187.com . blogspot.com . 11 -2 01 6 Imipramine Verapamil Etomidate ss io n 20 Propofol Isoniazid Chlorpromazine Ketamine Lidocaine Diltiazem re se Propranolol Amitriptyline Morphine M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt Also might help to remember there are three induction agents propofol/ketamine/etomidate.25. four antiarrhythmics verapamil/diltiazem/propranolol/lidocaine and five nerve-y drugs amitriptyline/imipramine/chlorpromazine/morphine/isoniazid (neurotoxic!) atharali187. Drugs with high hepatic extraction ratios "I've pickl'd Pam" or "I pickled vamp" if you prefer. competitive inhibition Km is increased in Kompetitive inhibition 11 -2 01 6 27. EXAMPLES OF ACTIVE DRUG PRODUCING ACTIVE METABOLITES ls tu dy ce nt AlloxanthineAllopurinol oxazepamDiazepam digoxinDigitoxin M ed ic a morphineCodeine desipramineImipramine NortriptylineAmitriptyline atharali187.RESERPINE O-OMEPRAZOLE G-GUANTHIDINE I-INHIBITERS[MAO] Chief Minister ADD CIA re se trichloroethanolChlorhydrate Morphine 6-glucuronideMorphine ss io n 28.blogspot.com .26. hit n run drugs 20 ROGI R. DRUGS METABOLISED BY METHYLATION atharali187.29.blogspot. EXAMPLES OF PRODRUG PRODUCING ACTIVE METABOLITES 11 -2 01 6 LEADS Levodopa dopamine Enalapril enalaprilat 20 Alphamethyldopa alphamethylnorepinephrine.com . Dipivefrine epinephrine io n Sulindac sulfide metabolites re M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt Cindy Has A New Motor C aptopril H istamine A drenaline N icotinic acid M ethyldopa se ss 30. blogspot.uses of propranolol ce Angina nt Headach re HATE THE PAST ls tu dy Tension Essential trmors M ed ic a Tensional headach atharali187.Ans Pharma 1. beta 1 selectibe bloker 11 -2 01 6 A-BEAM Acebutalol Betaxolol Esmolol 20 Atenolol io n Metprolol se ss 2.com . contraindication of propranolol io ACID se ss Asthma COPD nt ce Diabetic mellitus re Imbalance of electrolyte 4.Hyperthyroidism Elevated B.blogspot. adverse affects of beta blockers ls tu dy BBC Loses Viewera In Rawalpindi Bradycardia M ed ic a Bronchospasm atharali187.P 11 -2 01 6 Phobia Anxiety Stress 20 Traumatic stress n 3.com . Lipids (increased) Vivid dreams 11 -2 01 6 Impotency Reduced sensitivity to hypoglycemia 5.com .blogspot. non –selective beta blockers 20 PANTOP n Prapranolol io Alprenolol se ss Nadolol Timolol re Oxprenolol ce nt Pindolol ls tu dy 6. cardioselective beta blockers CaN BEAM" Celiprolol M ed ic a atharali187. Betaxolol Esmolol Atenolol. receptors of heart re se ss 20 Think: They "COntain Partial Agonistic Activity" ce 2 Beautiful hearts Marry 2 Be 1" B2 receptor (adrenergic) M2 receptor (cholinergic) and B1 receptor (adrenergic) ls tu dy M ed ic a 9. Pupils in overdoses atharali187.com . Penbutolol Alprenolol Acebutolol n io Celiprolol.Nebivolol (most selective) Bisoprolol. morphine vs amphetamine.blogspot. Oxprenolol nt 8. Acebutolol Metoprolol 11 -2 01 6 7. beta blockers with instrinsic sympathetic activity (ISA) Pindolol. com .11 -2 01 6 MorPHINE is Fine & AmPHETamine is Fat !" Morphine overdose: pupils constricted (fine) Amphetamine overdose: pupils dilated (fat) 20 10. antimuscrinic drugs and their action ls tu dy Inhibits Parasympathetic And Sweat ": IIpratropium Pirenzepine M ed ic a atharali187.blogspot. anticholinergic side effects n "Know the ABCD'S of anticholinergic side effects": Anorexia Blurry vision Constipation/ Confusion Dry Mouth Sedation/ Stasis of urine ce nt re se ss io 11. blogspot.com . MOA of tacrine and edrophonium io TEA ": se ss Tacrine and Edrophonium attach only to Anionic site of enzyme.Cholinesterase(ChE) ce nt re ( Organophosphates attach only to the estatrtic site of Cholinesterase ) ls tu dy 14. edrophonium vs pyridostigmine in myasthenia gravis eDrophonium is for Diagnosis And pyRIDostigmine is to get RID of symptoms n 20 13. reversible anticholinesterases M ed ic a Car PPENDoRi ": Read as "carpentry" atharali187. Atropine Scopolamine 11 -2 01 6 12. blogspot. Muscarinic effects se ss SLUG BAM ": Salivation/ Secretions/ Sweating Lacrimation Urination Gastrointestinal upset ce nt re Bradycardia/ Bronchoconstriction/ Bowel movement Abdominal cramps/ Anorexia M ed ic a ls tu dy atharali187.Physostigmine Pyridostigmine Edrophonium Neostigmine Donepezil Rivastigmine 20 11 -2 01 6 Reversible Anticholiesterases belonging to Carbamates are io n 15.com . cholinergic affects on bowl and bladder ce nt Call inergic/Cholinergic makes us attend natures call ! ": ls tu dy ie.Evacuation of Bowel and Bladder M ed ic a 18. Miosis 11 -2 01 6 16.. organophosphates eefects ( Cholinergic) atharali187. nicotinic affects " MTWThF in rhythm "(days of week): Mydriasis/ Muscle cramps Tachycardia Weakness Twitching hypertension/ hyperglycemia Fasiculation se ss io n 20 re 17.com .blogspot. "If you know these.Methacholine .com .Carbechol . Arecoline. autoreceptors atharali187. cholinergic agonists re Esters: A-MCB ce nt ACh . Muscarine M ed ic a 20.Bethanechol Alkaloids: PMA ls tu dy :Pilocarpine. you will be LESS DUMB Choline ": Lacrimation Excitation of nicotinic synapses Salivation Sweating Diarrhea Urination Micturition/Miosis Bronchoconstriction ss io n 20 11 -2 01 6 se 19.blogspot. M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt It means.blogspot. atharali187. botulinum toxin blocks exocytic release of ACh from the synaptic vesicles at the neuromuscular junction leading to flaccid paralysis.com . cholinergic receptor MuGNiL": se 22. botulinus toxin action ss io n 20 Muscarinic :G protein coupled Nicotinic :Ligand gated ion channel re Think: Botulinum toxin Bottles up Acetyl choline (ACh).Au to receptors ": 11 -2 01 6 The' to' rhymes with 2. So the Autoreceptors are Alpha 2 (for adrenergic pathway) and M2 (for cholinergic pathway) 21. inhibiton of choline uptake during Ach synthesis 11 -2 01 6 H-I-C-Up " Hemicholinium Inhibits Acetyl Choline Uptake 24.com . site of acetyl choline release 20 "PreACh ": se ss io n Acetyl Choline ( ACh ) is released from all Pre ganglionic fibres of ANS "LMNOP": Lipid soluble Miotic ce nt re 25.23. physostigmine vs neostigmine Natural Orally absorbed well M ed ic a ls tu dy atharali187.blogspot. ipratropium action se ss io n Reserpine depletes the Reserves of catecholamines [and serotonin]. so it behaves like Atropine.blogspot. atropine use : tachycardia or bradycardia nt re 28. M ed ic a 29. succinylcholine uses atharali187. ls tu dy ce Atropine is buried in the middle: iprAtropium. Physostigmine A goes with B": Atropine used clinically to treat Bradycardia.com . 20 27. reserpine action 11 -2 01 6 26. depression causing drugs se ss io n 20 PROMS: Propranolol Reserpine Oral contraceptives Methyldopa Steroids nt M ed ic a ls tu dy ce DINED: Dopamine Isoproterenol Norepinephrine Epinephrine Dobutamine re 31. then Sucks ions in through open pore. direct sympathomimetic catecholamine atharali187.blogspot.11 -2 01 6 Succinylcholine gets Stuck to Ach receptor. and drug is used for intubation. You Suck stuff in through a mouth-tube. 30.com . 20 11 -2 01 6 32. Morphine: side-effects MORPHINE: Myosis Out of it (sedation) Respiratory depression Pneumonia (aspiration) Hypotension Infrequency (constipation. atharali187. Bromocriptine [for USA gang members] The CRYPTS are an LA street gang that likes to smoke DOPE.blogspot.com . nt re 34. ce M ed ic a ls tu dy 35. BromoCRYPTine is a DOPamine agonist. Guanethidine: mechanism GuaNEthidine prevents NE (norepinephrine) release. urinary retention) Nausea Emesis se ss io n 33. io n Morphine: effects at mu receptor PEAR: Physical dependence Euphoria Analgesia Respiratory depression 20 36. sympathetic neurotransmitters "No sympathy for a Pair of Aces": Norepinephren is secreted in by the Sympathetic nervous system while Acetylcholine is secreted in the Parasympathetic nervous system. Therefore Prazocin used for urinary retention in BPH. atharali187.blogspot. nt re se Prazocin usage Prazocin sounds like an acronym of "praszz zour urine".com . ce M ed ic a ls tu dy 38. ss 37.11 -2 01 6 Parasympathetic vs. blogspot.20 11 -2 01 6 Beta blockers with CYP2D6 polymorphic metabolism "I Met Tim Carver. the metabolic polymorph": · The following beta blockers require dose adjustment due to CYP2D6 polymorphic metabolism: Metoprolol Timolol Carvedilol (in patients with lower or higher than normal CYP2D6 activity) 39.com . ss se harry potter sees 2 BP and PIPE io n alpha blockers uses M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re harry=hypertension potter=pheochromocytoma sees2= secondary shock BP= benign hypertrophy of prostate PIPE= penile impotence atharali187. blogspot. Parasympathetic action M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n 20 11 -2 01 6 Parasympathetic action @SLUDD + 3D’s Salivation Lacrimation Urination (so Anticholinergics cause urinary retension) Digestion Defecation 3 important Decreases Decrease in heart rate and contractility Decrease in pupil size i.40.com . Miosis Decrease in airway size (so anticholinergics given in COPD) atharali187.e. blogspot. on the contrary.41. is: Water soluble Used in myesthenia gravis Synthetic Poor oral absorption se re nt M ed ic a ls tu dy ce MAP of ABC M= muscarine A= arecoline P= pilocarpine of A= acetylcholine B= bethanechol C= carbachol ss 42.com . Physostigmine vs. cholinergic classification atharali187. neostigmine io n 20 11 -2 01 6 @ LMNOP: Lipid soluble Miotic Natural Orally absorbed well Physostigmine • Neostigmine. reversible anticholinesterase NEW GALLANT DON ED TAKES REVERSE SPY 20 11 -2 01 6 NEW= neostigmine GALLANT= galantamine DON= donepezil ED= edrophonium TAKES= tacrine REVERSE= rivastigmine SPY= pyhsiostigmine/ pyridostigmine ss io n ( gallant means brave) se 44. alpha 1 agonists nt M ed ic a ls tu dy ce M-methoxamine M-midodrine N-naphazoline O-oxymetazoline P-phneylephrine re M.com .blogspot.43.MNOP atharali187. com .45. M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ** drug having membrane stabilising as well as intrinsic sympathomimic action atharali187.blogspot. beta-1 selective blocker NAME-ABC 11 -2 01 6 N-nebivolol A-atenolol M-metoprolol* E-esmolol 20 A-acebutanolol** B-betaxolol C-celiprolol** ss io n *drug having membrane stabilising activity also. blogspot. cholinergic crisi se DUMBELSS M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re Diarrhoea Urination Miosis Bronchospasm Excitation cns and neuromuscular Lacrimation Sweating Salivation atharali187.com .46 Cardioselective Beta Blockers n 20 11 -2 01 6 New Beta Blockers Acting Exclusively At Myo Cardium Nebivolol(most cardioselective) Betaxolol Bisoprolol Atenolol Esmolol Acebutolol Metoprolol Celiprolol ss io 47. com .48. CARDIOSELECTIVE B BLOCKER io ss se re M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt ATENOLOL METOPROLOL ESMOLOL BETAXOLOL ACEBUTALOL n ameba atharali187. lipid insoluble b blocker Not soluble a b c 11 -2 01 6 Nadolol Sotalol Atenolo acebutolol Betaxolol bisoprolol Celiprolol 20 49.blogspot. ANTICHOLINESTERASE RaGING REVERSE.PHYSIOSTAGMINE TAKE -TACRINE GREAT -GALANTAMINE M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n 20 DON –DONEPEZIL atharali187.50.RIVASTIGMINE POLICE.blogspot. reversible Anticholinestrases 11 -2 01 6 ANTI.com . com . Uses of beta blockers atharali187.20 M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n HM HAT CM CD PAGE H-Hypertension M-Myoardial infarction H-Hypertrophy obstructive cardiomyopathy A-Angina pectoris T-Thyrotoxicosis C-Congestive Heart failure M-Migraine C-Cardiac arrythmias D-Dissecting aortic aneurysm P-Pheochromocytoma A-Anxiety G-Glaucoma E-Essential tremors 11 -2 01 6 51.blogspot. Effects of Beta blockers on Heart and Bloodvessels 20 11 -2 01 6 SORAB got CHF S.Dec Cardiac output.com .Prolong Systole O.Dec Refractory period of myocytes A.Methoxamine atharali187.Noradrenaline Marry. Beta blockers contra in renal failure ss io "ANS" re se Atenolol Nadolol Sotalol nt 54.blogspot.Dec Oxygen consumption R.52.Dec SBP nd DBP on Chr Administration C. sympathomimetic hypertensives M ed ic a ls tu dy ce Many.Dec automaticity B.Dec Force of contraction n 53.Dec Heart rate F.Mephenteramine People. Cardiac work & total coronary blood flow H.Phenylephrine Never. theophylline n io ss se nt re ADRENALIN USES ABC HIL A-ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK B-BRONCHOSPASM C-CARDIAC ARREST H-HEAMOSTATIC AGENT I-INSULIN INHIBITION L-LOCAL ANAESTHETIC 20 56.com .tolbutamide T. zero order kinetics-ITS AWESOM text WHATT are these drugs.55. ADRENALIN ce 57.aspirin T.warfarin H.blogspot. AGONISTS OF DOPAMINE M ed ic a ls tu dy B-BROMOCRIPTINE A-ANTICHOLINERGICS(CENTRAL) L-LEVODOPA atharali187. 11 -2 01 6 W.hydantoin A. com . amiodarone : adverse affects atharali187.blogspot. aspirin side affects Asthma Salicylism Peptic ulcer / Premature closure of PDA Intestinal blood loss Reye's syndrome Idiosyncracy Noise (tinnitus) se ss io n 20 11 -2 01 6 "ASPIRIN" 2.CVS PHARMA 1. hypertension management re "ABCD" ACE inhibitors/Angiotensin receptor blockers Beta blockers Calcium channel blockers Diuretics ls tu dy ce nt M ed ic a 3. antiarrythmic drugs: clases M ed ic a " i' M BAC in rhythm ": atharali187. Pigmentation Check for Corneal deposits PFT.Photosensitivity.com . TFT " Plz.blogspot.Plz Check PFT.Pulmonary fibrosis LFT. antihypertensive : contraindicated in pregnancy n DARSAN ' Diuretics Angiotensin I antagonists Reserpine Sodium nitroprusside ACE inhibitors Non selective β blockers ce nt re se ss io ls tu dy 5.Liver damage (pseudoalcoholic liver injury) TFT. LFT.Thyroid dysfunction 11 -2 01 6 20 4. Beta blockers (Antiadrenergic agents) III. 8. ca ++ channel blocker:uses ls tu dy Ca++ MASH: Cerebral vasospasm/ CHF M ed ic a atharali187.Calcium channel blockers 6. receptors of heart M2 receptor (cholinergic) and B1 receptor (adrenergic) io B2 receptor (adrenergic) se ss n 20 "2 Beautiful hearts Marry 2 Be 1" 7.blogspot.com . patent ductus arteriosus treatment nt re Come IN and Close the Door": ce INdomethacin is used to Close the PDA.Membrane stabilizing agents (Na channel blockers) II.11 -2 01 6 I.Agents widening AP IV. com .blogspot. > Captopril (an ACE inhibitor): side effects CAPTOPRIL: Cough Angioedema/ Agranulocystosis Proteinuria/ Potassium excess Taste changes Orthostatic hypotension Pregnancy contraindication/ Pancreatitis/ Pressure drop (first dose hypertension) Renal failure (and renal artery stenosis contraindication)/ Rash Indomethacin inhibition Leukopenia/ Liver toxicity atharali187.angina Migraine Atrial flutter. fibrillation Supraventricular tachycardia Hypertension 11 -2 01 6 M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n 20 9. side effects 6 P's: Prolongs action potential duration Photosensitivity Pigmentation of skin Peripheral neuropathy Pulmonary alveolitis and fibrosis Peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 is inhibited > hypothyroidism nt re 12. > Warfarin: action. monitoring WePT: Warfarin works on the extrinsic pathway and is monitored by PT. though. > Clopidogrel: use CLOPIdogrel is a drug that prevents CLots. Warfarin se ss io n 20 11.blogspot.com . > Warfarin: metabolism SLOW: ∙ Has a slow onset of action. an Oral Platelet Inhibitor (OP M ed ic a ls tu dy ce 13. atharali187. > Amiodarone: action.11 -2 01 6 10. ∙ A quicK Vitamin K antagonist. Small lipidsoluble molecule Liver: site of action Oral route of administration. > Antiarrhythmics: classification I to IV MBA College ∙ In order of class I to IV: Membrane stabilizers (class I) Beta blockers Action potential widening agents Calcium channel blockers atharali187. 20 14. Monitor Xa concentration.blogspot.11 -2 01 6 14. Enoxaprin (prototype low molecular weight heparin): action.com . > Thrombolytic agents USA: Urokinase Streptokinase Alteplase (tPA) M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n 15. monitoring EnoXaprin only acts on factor Xa. rather than APTT. interactions HMGCoA: ∙ Side effects: Hepatotoxicity Myositis [aka rhabdomyolysis] ∙ Contraindications: Girl during pregnancy/ Growing children ∙ Interactions: Coumarin/ Cyclosporine nt re se ss io n 17. > ACEI: contraindictions PARK: Pregnancy Allergy Renal artery stenosis K increase (hyperkalemia) atharali187.blogspot.com . contraindications. > HMGCoA reductase inhibitors (statins): side effects. > Antiarrhythmics: class III members BIAS: Bretylium Ibutilide Amiodarone Sotalol M ed ic a ls tu dy ce 18.20 11 -2 01 6 16. remember you have the airway and can give the above drugs. as above. bare bone version is ALE. ∙ Drug delivery is enhanced if diluted with 10cc NS and rapid introduced for aeresolization. nodal tachy.blogspot. a fib. Arrhythmias nt re 20. SVT Causes SNAP Sinus tachy. ce 21. > Endotrachial tube deliverable drugs O NAVEL: Oxygen Naloxone Atropine Ventolin (albuterol) Epinephrine Lidocaine ∙ If you can't get IV access established. and have necessity to administer resuscitative meds.com .se ss io n 20 11 -2 01 6 19. ∙ Alternatively. paroxysmal atrial tachy ls tu dy ARHYTHMIAL 4PC Atrial Myxoma M ed ic a Rh heart dis atharali187. blogspot.com . Hypertension THyrotoxicosis IHD. > Atrial Fibrillation ss io ARITHMATIC se Alcohol re Rh fever ce ls tu dy Hypertension nt IHD Thyrotoxicosis 11 -2 01 6 Mitral valve dis Mitral stenosis / MI / Myxoma (atrial) M ed ic a ASD atharali187. Alcohol 20 Pneumonia / PE / Pericardial eff. cardiomyopathy n 22. > Supraventricular tachycardia: treatment ABCDE: Adenosine Betablocker Calcium channel antagonist Digoxin Excitation (vagal stimulation) atharali187.blogspot.Toxins. Idiopathic/Infective endocarditis 11 -2 01 6 Cardiomyopathy/Constrictive pericarditis Sympathetic acts on Sodium channels (SS). 20 23. Sinoatrial node: innervations ss io n Parasympathetic acts on Potassium channels (PS).com . M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se 24. blogspot.11 -2 01 6 M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n 20 25. > Ventricular tachycardia: treatment LAMB: Lidocaine Amiodarone Mexiltene/ Magnesium Betablocker atharali187.com . > Sinus bradycardia: aetiology "SINUS BRADICARDIA" (sinus bradycardia): Sleep Infections (myocarditis) Neap thyroid (hypothyroid) Unconsciousness (vasovagal syncope) Subnormal temperatures (hypothermia) Biliary obstruction Raised CO2 (hypercapnia) Acidosis Deficient blood sugar (hypoglycemia) Imbalance of electrolytes Cushing's reflex (raised ICP) Aging Rx (drugs.blogspot.com . such as highdose atropine) Deep anaesthesia Ischemic heart disease Athletes atharali187.M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n 20 11 -2 01 6 26. CAD Thyroid: hyperthyroid Endocarditis Sick sinus syndrome re se ss io n 28. > Atrial fibrillation: management ABCD: Anticoagulate Betablock to control rate Cardiovert Digoxin atharali187. > Atrial fibrillation: management ABCD: Anticoagulate Betablock to control rate Cardiovert Digoxin M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt 29.com . > Atrial fibrillation: causes PIRATES: Pulmonary: PE.blogspot.20 11 -2 01 6 27. COPD Iatrogenic Rheumatic heart: mirtral regurgitation Atherosclerotic: MI. com .blogspot. Epi. > Sinus tachycardia TACH FEVER: Tamponade/ Thyrotoxicosis Anemia CHF Hypotension Fever Excrutiating pain Volume depletion Exercise Rx (Theo.n 20 11 -2 01 6 30. etc) M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io 31. Vfib/Vtach drugs used according to ACLS "Every Little Boy Must Pray": Epinephrine Lidocaine Bretylium Magsulfate Procainamide atharali187. Dopa. Shock. Poppa Shock": Shock= Defibrillate Everybody= Epinephine Little= Lidocaine Big= Bretylium Momma= MgSO4 Poppa= Pocainamide atharali187. Big Shock. Little Shock. Momma Shock.M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n 20 11 -2 01 6 32. Shock. > Ventricular fibrillation: treatment "Shock. Everybody Shock.com .blogspot. atharali187. amphet. theo. highoutput states Infarct Bad valves (mitral stenosis) Stimulants (cocaine.com . anemia.blogspot.re se ss io n 20 11 -2 01 6 33. > Atrial fibrillation: causes of new onset THE ATRIAL FIBS: Thyroid Hypothermia Embolism (P. caffeine) M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt 34.) Alcohol Trauma (cardiac contusion) Recent surgery (post CABG) Ischemia Atrial enlargement Lone or idiopathic Fever.E. > Hypertension: secondary hypertension causes CHAPS: Cushing's syndrome Hyperaldosteronism [aka Conn's syndrome] Aorta coarctation Phaeochromocytoma Stenosis of renal arteries ∙ Note: only 5% of hypertension cases are secondary. Hyperkalemia/ Hypomagnesmia/ Hypoxemia Pulmonary embolism Acidosis Drug overdose M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n 35.20 11 -2 01 6 > PEA/Asystole (ACLS): etiology ITCHPAD: Infarction Tension pneumothorax Cardiac tamponade Hypovolemia/ Hypothermia/ Hypo.com .blogspot. rest are primary atharali187. 11 -2 01 6 36. > Preeclampsia: classic triad PREeclampsia: Proteinuria Rising blood pressure Edema 37. > Postural Hypotension HANDI 20 Hypovolaemia / hypopituitarism, n Addisons ss io Neuropathy (autonomic) se Drugs (vasodilators /TCADs, diuretics, antipsychotics), M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re Idiopathic atharali187.blogspot.com 11 -2 01 6 38. > Deep venous thrombosis: genetic causes ALASCA: Antithrombin III Leiden (Factor V) APC (Activated Protein C) Sprotein deficiency Cprotein deficiency Antiphospholipid antibody se ss io n 20 39. > Deep venous thrombosis: diagnosis DVT: Dilated superficial veins/ Discoloration/ Doppler ultrasound Venography is gold standard Tenderness of Thigh and calf M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re 40. > Virchow's triad (venous thrombosis) "VIRchow": Vascular trauma Increased coagulability Reduced blood flow (stasis) atharali187.blogspot.com 11 -2 01 6 41. > Myocardial infarct, complications ABCDE x2 Arrhythmias / Aneurysm Bradycardia / ↓BP Cardiac failure / cardiac tamponade Dresslers / Death! Embolism / Extra (VSD, pap muscle rupture) 42. Lines of treatment of pulmonary oedema: 20 DOLMA ss io n Digoxin, Oxygen, Lasix, Morfine, Aminophylline. (Dolma is a very famous food in the middle east.) ce nt re se 43. > M.O.N.A “MONA” treatment for acute MI. Morphine, Oxygen, Nitrate, Aspirin M ed ic a ls tu dy 44. > Coronary artery bypass graft: indications DUST: Depressed ventricular function Unstable angina Stenosis of the left main stem Triple vessel disease atharali187.blogspot.com 20 11 -2 01 6 > Acute Coronary Syndrome: initial treatment ABCD: Aspirin Beta blocker Coagulation (anticoagulation with heparin/LMW Heparin) Double product control (decrease heart rate and blood pressure) 46.com .blogspot.45. M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n > MI: therapeutic treatment "O BATMAN!": Oxygen Beta blocker ASA Thrombolytics (eg heparin) Morphine Ace prn Nitroglycerin atharali187. 20 11 -2 01 6 47.com . elderly Diabetes mellitus BP high: hypertension Elevated cholesterol Tobacco io re se ss > Thrombus: possible fates DOPE: Dissolution Organization & repair Propagation Embolization n 48. M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt 49. > Atherosclerosis risk factors "You're a SAD BET with these risk factors": Sex: male Age: middleaged.blogspot. atharali187. blogspot.io n 20 11 -2 01 6 > Cardiovascular risk factors FLASH BODIES: Family history Lipids Age Sex Homocystinaemia Blood pressure Obesity Diabetes mellitus Inflammation (raised CRP)/ Increased thrombosis Exercise Smoking M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss 50.com . MI: immediate treatment DOGASH: Diamorphine Oxygen GTN spray Asprin 300mg Streptokinase Heparin atharali187. LOOPS LOSE CALCIUM atharali187.Methyld dopa 11 -2 01 6 R . io n AMIODARONE .Clonidine 20 P – Propranolol 52..THROID DISORDERS (hypo/hyperthyroidism) ls tu dy 53. diuretic decreases calcium M ed ic a which diuretic loses calcium in urine.Reserpine C .CORNEAL MICRODEPOSITS T.PROXIMAL CONVULATING TUBULE ce nt re P .51.IMPORTANT SIDE EFFECTS se ss PCT .blogspot.com . Centrally acting anti-hypertensives M .PULMONARY FIBROSIS C. 54. Side Effects of Thiazide Diuretics M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re G = Glucose L = Light-headedness (orthostatic hypotension/ low vol/ low sodium) U = Uricemia C = Calcemia atharali187. Urticaria S: susceptibility to bleeding P: Peptic ulcer I: Idiosyncratic reactions R: Reye's syndrome I: rInging in the ears(tinnitus) N: Nephropathy io se ss Mnemonic : HYPER GLUC Hyper = Increased n 55. Side Effects of Aspirin 20 11 -2 01 6 ASPIRIN A: Allergy like reactions e.blogspot.g.com . blogspot.central sympatholytic-clonidine.56.com .Nitrites.Organic nitrates. Nitric oxide donors M ed ic a And the rest :Na nitroprusside. Anti-hypertensives used in emergencies 20 11 -2 01 6 Saurav Ganguly HELP S-sodium nitroprusside G-Glyceryltrinitrate H-hydralazine E-esmolol L-labetalol P-phentolamine n 57.cardioselective b-blocker. atharali187. anti-hypertensives giving in pregnancy se ss io anti-hypertensives given in pregnancy -3Cs -Ca channel blocker. nt ls tu dy H:Hydralazine P:Propofol N:Nebivolol ce Highly Pro Nitric re 58. v. heparin n 20 11 -2 01 6 H=HYPERSENSITIVITY & hyperkalemia E=excessive beeding P=PROLONG APTT A=ALOPECIA R=REDUCED PLATELET & BONE MASS i. atharali187.thrombocytopenia osteoporosis I=i.e.. digitalis re se Digitalis toxicity is aggravated by KOMAR (READ IT AS KUMAR) of CaLIFORNIA ls tu dy ce nt KOM-hypoka. route N=aNtagonise by protamine sulphate ss io 60.59.hypomag Advance age Reanal insufficiency California in block letters suggest hyperCALCEMIA M ed ic a KEEP ON REVISING.com .blogspot.hypoxe.. drugs contraindicated in heart failure 11 -2 01 6 Napolean _Narcotics including Opioids Bonaparte _Benzodiazepines Says_Salicylates Hello_Hypnotics To _Tranquilizers Don_Diuretics 20 62.61.com .blogspot. fibrinolytics ss se re M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt S-STREPTOKINASE T-TENECTEPLASE U-UROKINASE A-ALTEPLASE R-RETEPLASE t io n STUART atharali187. 63. 20 11 -2 01 6 I=Impotence M=Menstrual irregularities H=Hirsuitism G=Gynaecomastia A=Acidosis P=Peptic ulcer(aggravates) n And last but not the least is the pnemonic itself states the main sideeffect=Hyperkalemia M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se Queen Proclaims Diso'sPyramid QUINIDINE PROCAINAMIDE DISOPYRAMIDE ss io 64. Side effects of Spironolactone I May Have Got Additional Potassium. antiarrythmic class I A atharali187.blogspot.com . antiarrythmic class I C Fleeting Programme Maker Flecainide Propafenone Moricizine Spironolactone M ed ic a Triameterene atharali187.65.com .blogspot. K sparing diuretscs Epleranone 20 66. antiarrythmic class I B IBuy Lido's Mexican Toffees 11 -2 01 6 IB= Lidocaine Mexiletene Tocainide n io ls tu dy ce nt EAST Amiloride ss se re 67. indications.1. Antibiotics contraindicated during pregnancy MCAT: 20 Metronidazole 11 -2 01 6 Chemo-Pharma Chloramphenicol io n Aminoglycoside se ss Tetracycline re 2.blogspot. Etoposide: action. side effect ce · Action: nt "eTOPoside": ls tu dy Inhibits TOPoisomerase II · Indications: Testicular carcinoma M ed ic a Oat cell carcinoma of lung atharali187.com . blogspot.Prostate carcinoma · Side effect: 11 -2 01 6 Affects TOP of your head. major side effects of isoniazid M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss isoniazid or isonicotinic acid hydrazide(INH) I-INSANITY(psychosis) N-NEURITIS(peripheral neuritis) H-HEPATITIS atharali187. Bleomycin: action "Bleo-Mycin Blows My DNA to bits": Bleomycin works by fragmenting DNA (blowing it to bits).com . causing alopecia 3. 20 My DNA signals that its used for cancer (targeting self cells) io n 4. com .SAM (name) S-Sporotrichosis A-Actinomycosis M-Mucormycosis Itraconazole PChB (phy.bio) P-Paracoccididomycosis Ch-chromomycosis B-Blastomycosis Ampho+5FC DC & CC (jingle) DC-dissem. candidiasis CC-cryptococcosis amph/itr HP-histoplasmosis ss io 6. antipseudomonal aminoglycosides: 11 -2 01 6 mnemonic: TAG T: tobramycin A: amikacin n 20 G: gentamycin M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se amphotericin B. antifungals-DOCs atharali187. antipseudomonal aminoglycosides a small one.5.chem.blogspot. METRONIDAZOLE-SPECTRUM OF ACTION se 8.blogspot.20 n io ss SPECTRUM OF ACTION A-Amoebiasis B-Bacteroides fragilis C-Clostridium perfringens D-Dracunculus medinensis E-Pseudomembranus Enterocolitis F-Fusobacterium G-Giardiasis H-Helicobacter Pylori S-Anaerobic Streptococci T-Trichomonas 11 -2 01 6 7.com . Rifampin M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re 4R's RNA polymerase inhibitor Revs up Microsomal P450 Red/Orange body fluids Rapid Resistance if used alone atharali187. com .9.Antianabolic effect P .Diabetes insipidus V . s/e of tetracyclines atharali187.Vestibular toxicity to BAT .Kidney damage A .Increased intracranial pressure L .Liver damage De .Photoxicity I . jab Chance: Chancroid Gine: Granuloma Inguinale Ap: Agranulocytosis patients PC: Pneumocystis carinii par M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se KAPIL DeV to BAT K . Uses of cotrimoxazole n 20 11 -2 01 6 Utre: Urinary Tract Infections Reti: Respiratory tract infections par Tight: Typhoid Body: Bacterial Diarrhoeas & Dysentery lekar.blogspot.Bones And Teeth ss io 10. super infections M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss Hypersensitivity reactions like rashes.Gray baby syndrome io n Super. pain on injection 20 G.blogspot. angioedema atharali187.Irritative effects like nausea.com . vomiting. Adverse effects of chloramphenicol Adverse effects of Chloramphenicol- 11 -2 01 6 BIG Super Hypersensitivity B. diarrhoea.11. fever.Bone marrow depression I. R.Atypical pneumonia due to mycoplasma pneumoniae 20 B .Plague atharali187.blogspot.Cholera M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se Productions.brucellosis tretment io n R. Chopra Productions V -Venereal diseases (lymphogranuloma venerum and granuloma inguinale) Are.(used as 1st choice drugs in.12. Relapsing fever ss Chopra.com .) V Are B. uses of tetracyclines 11 -2 01 6 Uses of tetracyclines .Rickettsial infections. bactericidal drugs I M Bactericidal Because A Very Quiet Person is Rarely Protected M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n 20 11 -2 01 6 Isoniazid Metronidazole Beta lactams Bacitracin Aminogycosides Vancomycin Quinolones Pyrazinamide Rifampin Polymyxin atharali187.com .13.blogspot. antibiotics c/I in pregnancy se ss io n 20 Sulfonamides Chloramphenicol Nitrofurantoin Tetracyclin Oxazolidinon Novobiocin Clindamycin Trimethoprim Macrolide Ethambutol M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt SAFETY S .SULPHONAMIDES A .14.TETRACYCLIN Y – clindamYcin atharali187.FQs E . bacteriostatic drugs 11 -2 01 6 Static Causes Non Total Or Non Complete Though Massive Elimination re 15.ERYTHROMYCIN ESTOLATE T .com .blogspot.AMINOGLYCOSIDES F . ...............16.........blogspot....PYRIZINAMIDE I......STREPTOMYCIN P..... macrolides M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n RACE R-roxithromycin A-azitromycin C-clarithromycin E-erythromycin...RIFAMPICIN E.antitubeculosis drugs SPIRE 11 -2 01 6 S.......ETHAMBUTOL 20 17.. atharali187.........ISONIAZIDE R.....com ............. 20 n io ss se M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re ¤First line drugs. (PRIEST) Pyrazinamide Rifampin Isoniazid Etambutol STreptomycin ¤second line drugs (Please TAKE Carbon Copy) Paraamino salicylic acid Thiacetazone Amikacin Kanamycin Ethinamide Capreomycine Cycloserine ¤Newer drugs. (CAR Of Century) Ciprofloxacin Azithromycin Rifabutin Ofloxacin Clarithromycin 11 -2 01 6 18. Antitubercular drugs. K.D.Tripathi atharali187.blogspot.com 19. anti psedomonal drugs 11 -2 01 6 Amin Beta Pseudo Polyp Roq! Amin-Aminoglycosides Beta-beta lactams 20 Pseudo-pseudomonas io n Roq-fluoROQuinolones se M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re MY FAITH is NEUROTOXIC MY-MYelosuppression F-Flu like symptoms A-Alopecia I-Interstitial nephritis T-Thyroiditis H-Hepatotoxicity is NEUROTOXIC ss 20. ADR of Interferons atharali187.blogspot.com 21. Penicillin DOC in M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n 20 11 -2 01 6 "P.M.(Prime Minister) Pass List of An Strict Act of Superfast Train's Tt." P-Pneumococci M-Meningococcal meningitis Pass-Pasturella multocida List-Listeria An-Anthrax Strict-Streptococci Act-Actinomyces Superfast-Syphillis Train's-Trench fever Tt-Tetanus atharali187.blogspot.com blogspot.Mercaptopurine Pyrimidine Antagonist: 5. Anticancer drugs atharali187.com .TEPA Nitrogen Mustards: MCI CM Mechlorethamine Cyclophosphamide Ifosfamide Chlorambucil Melphalan VECTA Vinca Alkaloids: Vincristine Vinblastine Epipodophyllotoxin: Etoposide Camptothecin Analogues: Irinotecan Topotecan Taxanes: Paclitaxel Docetaxel Anti metabolites: Folate Antagonist: Methotrexate Purine Antagonist: F ATM Fludarabine Azathioprine 6.Thioguanine 6.FU Cytarabine 11 -2 01 6 22. Tripathy ALKYLATING AGENTS: TANEN / NEAT N Triazine: Dacarbazine Alkyl Sulfonate: Busulfan Nitrosoureas: Carmustine Lomustine Ethylenimine: Thio.D.M ed 20 n ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io From K. Asparaginase Imatinib Lastly Drugs altering Hormonal Milieu atharali187.blogspot.11 -2 01 6 20 n io M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss Antibiotics: ADD MMB/ DMD MBA Actinomycin D Doxorubicin Daunorubicin Mitomycin C Mitoxantrone Bleomycin Misc: HPCL I Hydroxyurea Procarbazine Cisplatin Carboplatin L.com . .23. erythromycin uses 11 -2 01 6 it is used against. ANTI-MALARIAL DRUGS io ss se re M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt 4-aminoquinolines quinoline-methanol cinchona alkaloids biguanades diaminopyramidines 8-aminoquinoline sulfonamides nd sulfone tetracyclines amino alcohols naphthoquinone sesquiterpine lactones n 20 "A Q can B D Answer Surely bt Teacher make's Answer NonSense" atharali187.chancroid 24.diphtheria white.whooping cough chocolate.com .blogspot.pneumonia dairy. ' pure dairy white chocolate' pure. com .blogspot.20 n se ss io SULPHONAMIDES S=Steven johnson syndrome U=urtecaria L=Leukopenia P=Photo-sensitivity H=Haemolytic anemia/Hepatitis O=Oobstruction of urinary tract N=Nausea.Vomiting. SULPHONAMIDES nt Buy at 30 sell at 50 re 26. antibiotic action on protien synthesis ce At aminogycoside tetracycline 30 s ribosome M ed ic a ls tu dy Sell streptomycin erythromycin lincosamide linasolide 50 s ribosome atharali187.diarrhea?Nephritis A=Agranulocystosis M=Malaise/Megaloblastic aneamia I=Increase risk of Kernicterus in new born D=Depression?drug fever E+Eosinophilia S=Skin rashes 11 -2 01 6 25. nafcillin re D .dicloxacillin ce M ed ic a ls tu dy M – mezlocillin nt O atharali187.27.oxacillin se N .blogspot. penicillinase resistant penicillin n C . Doxycycline DOC 11 -2 01 6 RELY on RICH doxy RElapsing fever LYmes disease RIkketsial infections CHlamydial infections conditions where Doxycycline is drug of choice 20 28.com .cloxacillin ss io O . blogspot.29.com . Oncology (Monoclonal antibodies in chemotherapy) BAC TIGeR 11 -2 01 6 B-BeVacizumab A-Alemtuzumab C-Cetuximab 20 T-Trastuzumab I-Ibrituximab G-Gemtuzumab R-Rituximab io ss se M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re T drugs against bacteroids CefaTetan CefameTazole CefaxiTin n 30. cepholo against bacteroids atharali187. blogspot. AMPHTERICIN B atharali187. DAPTOMYCIN 11 -2 01 6 DAPTOMYCIN D-depolarisation ( MOA) A-all infections P-pulmonary surfactant is it's inhibitor TO-TO be avoided in pneumonia MY.com . MRSA ce nt re se ss io n Drugs effective in MRSA Victoria Terminal Se Lekar Dadri Root is Closed Vancomycin Teicoplanin Streptogramins Linezolide Daptomycine Cotrimoxazole Rifampicin M ed ic a ls tu dy 33.31.Myopathy CIN-CI dal (bactericidal ) 20 32. blogspot. New) se Isha Virani never remembers to pin up her dress M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re Isha virani is for ifavirenz. encephalopathy R espiratory strida I ncreased temperature (fever) C hills I mmediate hypersensitivity (anaphylaxis) N ephrotoxicity—important! B ronchospasm ss 34. atharali187. never remembers is for nevirapine d in the dress means delaviridine.NNRTIs (Edited.com .io n 20 11 -2 01 6 A nemia M uscle spasms P hlebitis H eadaches/hypotension/hypokalemia T hrombocytopenia E mesis. 35. io n 20 Abaca is for abacavir! Zoo is for Zalcitabine! Ass that is "a" is for "azt" and "S" is for stavudine! Lambs is for Lamivudine! Dianosaures is for Didanosine 11 -2 01 6 Abaca's (Abaca is an african negro man! just to remember) African Zoo for Ass .blogspot. edited) Its for remembering NRTIs category drugs. Lambs and Dianosaurs .com . ANTIVIRAL drugs are: Acyclovir | in herpes infection except N Nevirapine & Nelfinavir T Trifluridine I Idoxuridine | infection V Vidarabine | se A | which are used in HIV M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re | Nevirapine & Nelfinavir atharali187. ss 36. NRTIs (New. com .blogspot.Indinavir | Protease | R Ritonavir | inhibitors | 11 -2 01 6 I | in HIV | infection A AZT or Zidovidine L Lamivudine | Reverse transcriptase | 20 | inhibitors | io n 37. Uses of Fluoroquinolones (shared by Gajanan Taywade) M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss {3G SPECTRUM CT} atharali187. 20 11 -2 01 6 3G: Gonorrhoea. RIBAvirin: se ss RSV Influenza B nt re Arenaviruses (Lassa. but these special bacteria make them CALM (Ineffective) remembr: CALM M ed ic a C=CLAUSTRIDIUM atharali187.com . Bolivian. Gastroenteritis & Gram -ve Infections S: Septicemia P: Prophylaxis E: Enterocolitis C: Chancroid T: Typhoid R: RTI U: UTI M: Meningitis C: Conjunctivitis T: Tuberculosis io n 38. Cephalosporins are active against many bacteria. etc.blogspot.) ls tu dy ce 39. atntiviral and antifungal causing nephrotoxicity atharali187.HEXYLRESORCINOL OF .11 -2 01 6 A=ACTIVE ENTEROCOCCI L=LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES M= MRSA (METHICILLIN RESISTENT STAPHYLOCOCCI 40. antihelmenthic io n 20 for tapeworm DIFFICULT .DISCHLORPHEN QUESTION . antihelminthic ls tu dy ce nt re for roundworm PRESS -PIPERAZINE THE -THIABENDAZOLE HANDLE .QUINACRINE NOT .SENTONIN DOOR – DIETHYLCARBAMAZINE M ed ic a 42.OIL OF CHENOPODIUM SIDE .blogspot.NICLOSAMIDE ANSWERED – ASPIDIUM se ss 41.com . antibiotics. 11 -2 01 6 Mnemonic: SIGMA CAT FAG Sulfonamides Indinavir Ganciclovir 20 Metronidazole io n Acyclovir ss Cidofovir nt ce Foscarnet re Tetracyclines se Aminoglycosides ls tu dy Amphoterican B Glycopeptides (Vancomycin) M ed ic a 44.com .antibiotics inhibiting 30s vs 50s atharali187.blogspot. streptogramin. coli Klebsiella re PEcK M ed ic a 46. CCELL at 50 11 -2 01 6 30S: Aminoglycosides (gentamicin.com .target of first generation cephalosporins nt ce ls tu dy Proteus E.target of 2nd generation cephalosporins atharali187. amikacin. tobramycin) [bacteriocidal] Tetracyclines [bacteriostatic] ss io n 20 50S: Chloramphenicol [bacteriostatic] Clindamycin [bacteriostatic] Erythromycin [bacteriostatic] Lincomycin [bacteriostatic] Linezolid [variable] se 45.buy AT 30.blogspot. HEN PEcKS 11 -2 01 6 H.com . flu Enterobacter Nesseria ss io n 20 Proteus E.side effects of vancomycin nt NOT ls tu dy ce Nephrotoxicity Ototoxicity Thrombophlebitis ("red man" syndrome) M ed ic a 48.drugs for pseudomonas atharali187.blogspot. coli Klebsiella Serrati re se 47. blogspot.properties og aminoglycoside atharali187. flu E.spectrum of ampicillin/amoxicillin M ed ic a ls tu dy ce 50.TCP 11 -2 01 6 Ticarcillin Carbenicillin Piperacillin Also 3rd gen cephs Ampicillin/amoxicillin HELPS kill enterococci nt re se ss io n H. coli Listeria Proteus Salmonella enterococc 20 49.com . therefore they are not effective against anaerobes io n NOT re se ss Nephrotoxic (esp when used with cephs) Ototoxic (esp when used with diuretics) Teratogen M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt 51.blogspot.Mean" GNATS cannot kill anerobes 11 -2 01 6 "Mean" = bacteriocidal Gentamicin Neomycin Amikacin Tobramycin Streptomycin 20 Require O2 for uptake.com .tetracyclin are effective against atharali187. Tetracyclines (TTC): tRNA Tries but can’t. Prevents translocation. ce nt re 53.blogspot.VACUUM THe BedRoom io n 20 11 -2 01 6 Vibrio Acne Chlamydia Ureaplasma Urealyticum Mycoplasma Tularemia H. Prevents the aminoacyl-tRNA from attaching to the A site of the ribosome. Macrolides: Prevent the Movement of ribosomes. thus the only one inhibiting Peptide bond formation (by peptidyltransferase). M ed ic a ls tu dy 54. atharali187. pylori Borrelia Rickettsia se ss 52. ChloramPhenicol: The only one with a “P”.com . A.effects via Mu opiates receptors 20 "SACRUM" Sedation Analgesia Constipation Respiratory depression Euphoria Miosi nt re se ss io n ls tu dy S. Prevents translocation CNS Pharma 1. Clindamycin: Makes ribosomes Cling to mRNA.blogspot.M.C " ce 2.T.I.com .11 -2 01 6 55.O.antipsychotics:uses Schizophrenia Organic brain syndromes M ed ic a atharali187. morphine adverse effects atharali187.lithium adverse effects io n LITHIUM" Lethargy / Leucocytosis Intentional Tremor Teratogenicity Hypothyroidism Insipidus [Diabetes insipidus] Urine excess ls tu dy ce nt re se ss Metallic taste M ed ic a 4.Mania Anxiety Tetanus Intractable cough Control of vomiting 11 -2 01 6 20 3.com .blogspot. com .blogspot.Miosis Oliguria Respiratory depression Pruritus Hypotension Infrequency (constipation) Nausea Emesis (Vomiting) ss io n 20 11 -2 01 6 MORPHINE " se 5.lithium uses re LIBRA ' Leukopenia Inappropriate ADH secretion syndrome (SIADH) Bipolar disorder ls tu dy ce nt Recurrent neuropsychiatric syndrome Agranulocytosis M ed ic a atharali187. 6. drugs for alzheimer 11 -2 01 6 DR.GangaTejwani d=donepezil r=rivastigmine g=galantamine t=tacrine 20 7. s/e phenytoin n adverse effect of phenytoin: M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se P-450 interaction Hirsutism Enlarged gums Nystagmus Yellow skin(discolouration) Teratogenicity Osteomalacia Interference with B-12 metabolism Neuropathies-ataxia,vertigo ss io PHENYTOIN atharali187.blogspot.com 8. antiepileptics' classification 11 -2 01 6 B - barbiturates D-deoxybarbitarates H - hydantoin I - iminostilbene S - succinamide A-aliphatic carbxylic acid B -benzodiazepines C - cyclic GABA analogue P - phenyl triazine N - newer drugs 20 BD HISAB Ce PiNa io se re M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt Olanzapine (Zyprexa) Risperidone (Risperdal) Clozapine (Clozaril) Aripiprazole (Abilify) (Seroquel) Quetiapine ss ORCAS (Brand names in parentheses) n 9. ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS atharali187.blogspot.com 10. Side effects of clozapine 11 -2 01 6 Side effects of clozapine MASS M myocarditis A agranulocytosis* S seizures S sialorrhea io ss 12. Adverse effects of Diazepam n 20 11. short acting BZDs TOM Triazolam Onazelam Midazolam M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ADVERSE effects of Diazepam-DIAzEPAN D-Dizziness,disorientation,dry mouth I-impaired vision A-Amnesia z E-elderly P-Psychomotor skill impairment A-Ataxia, apnoea in sleep N-Neonatal resp depression, night awakening atharali187.blogspot.com CARBA MEAN 15. Adv.blogspot.Parkinsonism management M ed ic a SALAD atharali187.VIT K DEFICIENCY A.13.com .ARRYTHMIA 11 -2 01 6 HOT MALIKA H.HIRSUTISM N HYPERTROPHY OF GUM O. effects of Carbamazepine 20 M.ATAXIA L.LYMPHDENOPATHY I.MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA A. PHENYTOIN ADVERSE EFFECT n io ss 14.OSTEOMALACIA T-TERATOGENICITY nt ls tu dy ce C-Confusion A-Ataxia R-Rashes B-Blurring of vision A-Aplastic anaemia re se Adv effecta of Carbamazepine(anti-epilepsy) Mnemonic.INHIBIT INSULINE K. blogspot.pergolide) M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n 20 16.benztropine) Amantididne 11 -2 01 6 L.com . MAOIs: indications MAOI'S: Melancholic [classic name for atypical depression] Anxiety Obesity disorders [anorexia.dopa +decarboxylase(carbidopa) Dopamine receptor agonists(bromocriptine.Selegline Anticholinergics(trihexyphenidyl. atharali187. · Note MAOI is inside MelAnchOlIc. bulemia] Imagined illnesses [hypochondria] Social phobias · Listed in decreasing order of importance. blogspot. SSRIs: side effects SSRI: Serotonin syndrome Stimulate CNS Reproductive disfunctions in male Insomnia n 20 11 -2 01 6 17. atharali187. Opioids: effects BAD AMERICANS: Bradycardia & hypotension Anorexia Diminished pupilary size Analgesics Miosis Euphoria Respiratory depression Increased smooth muscle activity (biliary tract constriction) Constipation Ameliorate cough reflex Nausea and vomiting Sedation M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt 19.com .io ss re se 18. Inhalation anesthetics SHINE: Sevoflurane Halothane Isoflurane Nitrous oxide Enflurane · If want the defunct Methoxyflurane too. make it MoonSHINE. se ss io n 20 22. Benzodiazepines: actions "Ben SCAMs Pam into seduction not by brain but by muscle": Sedation anti-Convulsant anti-Anxiety Muscle relaxant Not by brain: No antipsychotic activity.blogspot.com . M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re 23. Benzodiazapines: ones not metabolized by the liver (safe to use in liver failure) LOT: Lorazepam Oxazepam Temazepam 11 -2 01 6 21. Benzodiazepenes: drugs which decrease their metabolism "I'm Overly Calm": Isoniazid Oral contraceptive pills Cimetidine · These drugs increase calming effect of BZDs by retarding metabolism. Anesthesia: 4 stages "Anesthesiologists Enjoy S & M": Analgesia Excitement Surgical anesthesia Medullary paralysis atharali187.20. 11 -2 01 6 ce nt re se ss io n 25. Sodium valproate: side effects VALPROATE: Vomiting Alopecia Liver toxicity Pancreatitis/ Pancytopenia Retention of fats (weight gain) Oedema (peripheral oedema) Appetite increase Tremor Enzyme inducer (liver) ls tu dy 26. Methyldopa: side effects METHYLDOPA: Mental retardation Electrolyte imbalance Tolerance Headache/ Hepatotoxicity psYcological upset Lactation in female Dry mouth Oedema Parkinsonism Anaemia (haemolytic) 20 24.benzodiazepine actions SAMA M ed ic a Sedation atharali187.com .blogspot. blogspot.com .Anticonvulsive Muscle relaxant 11 -2 01 6 Anti-anxiety 27.Benzodiazepine side effects 5 As Addiction 20 Additive sedation Amnesia io n Ataxia ss Abjection (depression) re SHINED ce ls tu dy isoflurane nt Sevoflurane Halothane se 28. Gen anesthetics NO Enflurane M ed ic a Desflurane atharali187. Hyperthyroidism sign and symptoms atharali187.progestorone actions ls tu dy ce nt re PROGESTE: Produce cervical mucous Relax uterine smooth muscle Oxycotin sensitivity down Gonadotropin [FSH.11 -2 01 6 Endocrinology 1.blogspot.com . LH] secretions down Endometrial spiral arteries and secretions up Sustain pregnancy Temperature up / Tit development Excitability of myometrium down M ed ic a 3.Pituitary hormones ss io n 20 FLAGTOP: Follicle stimulating hormone Lutinizing hormone Adrenocorticotropin hormone Growth hormone Thyroid stimulating hormone Oxytocin Prolactin se 2. com .oestrogen functions atharali187.blogspot.adrenal gland functions nt re se ss io ACTH: Adrenergic functions Catabolism of proteins/ Carbohydrate metabolism T cell immunomodulation Hyper/ Hypotension (blood pressure control) M ed ic a ls tu dy ce 5.20 11 -2 01 6 THYROIDISM: Tremor Heart rate up Yawning [fatigability] Restlessness Oligomenorrhea & amenorrhea Intolerance to heat Diarrhea Irritability Sweating Musle wasting & weight loss n 4. aldosterone:regulation of secretion from adrenal cortex atharali187. oestrogen.Hypercalcemia nt re se RNAs Renin-angiotensin m echanism Na concentraton in blood ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) Stress ss io 6. LH) Osteoporosis decrease (inhibits bone reabsorption) Granulosa cell development Endocrine: increases prolactin secretion. but then blocks its effect Nipple development Sex drive increase Uterine contractility increase oXytocin sensitivity increase M ed ic a ls tu dy ce 7.blogspot.n 20 11 -2 01 6 OESTROGEN SUX: Organ development (sex organs) Endocrine: FSH and LH regulation Secondary sex characteristics development Tropic for pregnancy Receptor synthesis (of progesterone.com . com . Moans": Bones: pain in bones Stones: renal Groans: pain Psychic moans/ Psychological overtones: confused state 8. Stones. · Clinical features: Papillae (branching) Palpable lymph nodes "Pupil" nuclei (Orphan Annie) Psammoma bodies within lesion (often) · Also. has a Positive Prognosis (10 year survival rate: 98%) atharali187.11 -2 01 6 Bones.blogspot.Pheocromocytoma 20 PHEochromocytoma": Palpitations Headache Edisodic sweating (diaphoresis) n 9.Thyroid carcinoma M ed ic a ls tu dy ce 10.thyroid storm nt re se ss io Most Popular is Papillary. Groans. hypothyroidism atharali187. · cAMP: Tx involves high dose of beta blockers (beta receptors work via cAMP) n M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt 12.blogspot.com .cushing synjdrome re se ss io A SCHISM among the Axis during WWII": Addison disease Subacute thyroiditis Cretinism/ Cold intolerance/ Constipation Hashimoto's disease Infectious-subacute thyroiditis Silent thyroiditis Myxedema coma 20 11.11 -2 01 6 Storm HITS girls cAMP": Thyroid storm due to: Hyperthyroidism Infection or Illness at childbirth Trauma Surgery · girls: Thyroid storm more common in females. infection. granulomatous such as TB histiomycosis hypOtension/ hypOnatermia Nelson's syndrome [post adrelectomy.com .addison disease re se ss io n ADDISON: Autoimmune DIC (meningcoccus) Destruction by cancer.11 -2 01 6 CUSHING: Central obesity/ Cervical fat pads/ Collagen fiber weakness/ Comedones (acne) Urinary free corisol and glucose increase Striae/ Suppressed immunity Hypercortisolism/ Hypertension/ Hyperglycemia/ Hirsutism Iatrogenic (Increased administration of corticosteroids) Noniatrogenic (Neoplasms) Glucose intolerance/ Growth retardation 20 13.Goiter atharali187. increased ACTH] M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt 14.blogspot. vascular insufficiency Iatrogenic Sarcoidosis. steroid side effects re CUSHINGOID Cataracts Ulcers Skin: striae.15.blogspot. bruising ls tu dy ce nt Hypertension/ Hirsutism/ Hyperglycemia Infections Necrosis.dibetes complicatins ss io n 20 SHAKE: Stroke Heart attack Amputations Kidney disease Eyes (vision loss) 11 -2 01 6 GOITRE: Goitrogens Onset of puberty Iodine deficiency Thyrotoxicosis/ Tumor/ Thyroiditis [Hashimoto's] Reproduction [pregnancy] Enzyme deficiencies se 16.com . thinning. avascular necrosis of the femoral head M ed ic a atharali187. blogspot.com .growth hormone toxicity 20 HE-SSP Hyperglycemia Scoliosis re nt Pseudomotor cerebri se Slipped capital femoral epiphysis ss io n Edema ls tu dy PMA ce 18. obesity Immunosuppression Diabetes 11 -2 01 6 17.Glycosuria Osteoporosis.growth hormone toxicity in adults Peripheral edema Myalgia M ed ic a Athralgia atharali187. com .blogspot.Follitropin alfa and Hcg toxicity 11 -2 01 6 OMG-Humna Doing Exercise Ovarian hyperstimulation Multiple pregnencies Gynecomestia in MEN 20 Headach Deoression io n Edema ss 20.19.amidarone side effects ls tu dy ce nt re se 6 P's: Prolongs action potential duration Photosensitivity Pigmentation of skin Peripheral neuropathy Pulmonary alveolitis and fibrosis Peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 is inhibited -> hypothyroidism 21.oxytocin side effects M ed ic a Hair-PUFF atharali187. prednisone –toxicity 20 BG-SMOAG Behavioural changes io n Glucose intolerance ss Salt retension Osteoprosis ls tu dy ce Growth Inhibition nt Adrenal suppression re se Muscle wasting 23.blogspot.com .Fludocortisoe-toxicity CSS M ed ic a Cogestive heart failure atharali187.Hypotension Placental abruption 11 -2 01 6 Uterine rupture Fetal distress Fluid retension 22. Tamoxifere-toxicity THE Thromboembolism Hot flushes 20 Endometrial 24.blogspot.Anastrozole-toxicity io n A-ROAD-MATCH re Osteoarthritis ce nt Arthritis Disk herniation se Reduced bone mineral density ss Athralgia ls tu dy Musculoskeletal Disorders Arthrosis Cervical spondylosis M ed ic a Hot flushes atharali187.Salt and fluid retension Symptoms of glucocorticoid 11 -2 01 6 23.com . PTU-mechanism re se ss io n Somatotropin (growth hormone) Thyroid hormones (thyroxine and triiodothyronine) Epinephrine Norepinephrine Glucagon Glucocorticosteroids ls tu dy ce It inhibits PTU: Peroxidase/ Peripheral deiodination Tyrosine iodination Union (coupling) M ed ic a 28.com .blogspot.Prednisone –clinical applications HOM 11 -2 01 6 Hematalogic cancer Organ transplantation Many inflammatory conditions 26. Hormones that Increase Blood Glucose 20 "STENGG" nt 27.25.steroid side effects atharali187. 11 -2 01 6 20 n io nt 29.insulin mixing re se ss BECLOMETHASONE: Buffalo hump Easy bruising Cataracts Larger appetite Obesity Moonface Euphoria Thin arms & legs Hypertension/ Hyperglycaemia Avascular necrosis of femoral head Skin thinning Osteoporosis Negative nitrogen balance Emotional liability ls tu dy ce "Not Ready.blogspot.com .coricosteroid side effects atharali187. Ready Now": Air into NPH Air into Regular Draw up Regular Draw up NPH M ed ic a 30. 11 -2 01 6 ls tu dy ce nt OLPER(milk ) Lansoprazole 20 re 1.com .blogspot. the PPIs Omeprazole n se ss GIT-Pharma io CUSHINGS BAD MD: Cataracts Up all night (sleep disturbances) Suppression of HPA axis Hypertension/ buffalo Hump Infections Necrosis (avascular) Gain weight Striae Bone loss (osteoporosis) Acne Diabetes Myopathy. moon faces Depression and emotional changes Pantoprazole M ed ic a Rabeprazole atharali187. Stool Softeners. ss io Or "Bios" M ed ic a ASTHMA-PHARMA atharali187. Stool Softeners.blogspot. Osmotic laxatives.com .Esomeprazole 2. se ls tu dy ce nt re Bulk laxatives. Stimulant(irritant)laxatives. irritant(Stimulant)laxatives.types of laxatives 11 -2 01 6 Types of laxatives "Boss" n 20 Bulk laxatives. Osmotic laxatives. com . NSAIDs. beta blockers.blogspot.management of asthma ASTHMA 2. etc) Infections (URTI/LRTI) Pollutants (at home.asthma participating agents M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n DIPLOMAT: Drugs (aspirin.1. at work) Laughter(emotion) Oesophageal reflux (nocturnal asthma) Mites Activity and exercise Temperature (cold) 20 11 -2 01 6 Adrenergics Steroids Theophyllines) Hydration Mask atharali187. Asthma: management of acute severe “O SHIT“: Oxygen (high dose: >60%) Salbutamol (5mg via oxygen-driven nebuliser) Hydrocortisone (or prednisolone) Ipratropium bromide (if life threatening) Theophylline (or preferably aminophylline-if life threatening atharali187.com .blogspot. Asthma acute attack: 5 life threatening signs SHOCK: Silent chest Hypotension One third of best/predicted PFR Cyanosis Konfusion re M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt 5.11 -2 01 6 3. AAAA PPPP: Airway obstruction Angina Anxiety Asthma Pneumonia Pneumothorax Pulmonary Edema Pulmonary Embolus se ss io n 20 4. NSAIDs-classification: SOFIA PaBe.blogspot.NSAIDS-PHARMA M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re NSAID: N-ursing and pregnancy S-erious bleeding A-llergy/ Asthma/ Angioedema I-mpaired renal function D-rug (anticoagulant) se 2.. S-salicylate O-oxicame derivatives F-fenamic acid deri I-indol deri A-aryl acetic acid deri P-propionic acid deri -pyrrolo pyrrolo deri -pyrazolon deri -paramine phenol deri B-benzoxazocin deri atharali187.com . NSAIDs: contraindications ss io n 20 11 -2 01 6 1. com .M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n 20 11 -2 01 6 Prostaglandin-pharma atharali187.blogspot. DINO-DINOPROST 2 FArari-F2A [A for Alpha] CAR-CARBOPROST so DINOPROST n CARBOPROST r PGF2alpha M ed ic a ls tu dy ce Note: DINOPROSTONE is PGE2 which is remember by 2 kidney stonE bt DINOPROST is PGF2alpha.PROSTAGLANDINS confusion 11 -2 01 6 A)All have "1 MISS" means MISoprostol is PGE1. atharali187. So DINOPROSTONE is PGE2.blogspot. io n 20 C)DInoproSTONE DI=2 Remember that "stonE" in both(2) kidney n "stonE" has "E".com . B)cErviprimE has 2E so cErviprimE is PGE2. nt re se ss D)DINO mario has 2 FArari CAR. com .com/gro ups/Medical.facebook.By 11 -2 01 6 ALI Zeeshan (QAMC) ATHAR ALI (QAMC) ss io n 20 NOREEN FATIMA(FJMC) ce GROUP nt re se our group.blogspot.centre/ atharali187.study. page and blog PAGE M ed ic a ls tu dy https://www. 11 -2 01 6 https://www.blogspot.facebook.com/ atharali187.com .com/pa ges/Medical-study-centresession-20112016/1451699768417480 20 BLOG M ed ic a ls tu dy ce nt re se ss io n http://atharali187.blogspot. blogspot.com .ls tu dy ic a ed M re . nt ce se io ss n 11 -2 01 6 20 4 atharali187. atharali187.blogspot.com ls tu dy ic a ed M re nt ce se io ss n 11 -2 01 6 20 .