Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, 8th Ed..pdf

Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook ABOUT THE EDITORS Don W. Green is Deane E. Ackers Distinguished Professor of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering and codirector of the Tertiary Oil Recovery Project at the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas, where he has taught since 1964. He received his doctorate in chemical engineering in 1963 from the University of Oklahoma, where he was Dr. Perry’s first doctoral student. Dr. Green has won several teaching awards at the University of Kansas, and he is a Fellow of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers and an Honorary Member of the Society of Petroleum Engineers. He is the author of numerous articles in technical journals. The late Robert H. Perry served as chairman of the Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Oklahoma and program director for graduate research facilities at the National Science Research Founda- tion. He was a consultant to various United Nations and other international organizations. From 1973 until his death in 1978, Dr. Perry devoted his time to a study of the cross impact of technologies within the next half cen- tury. The subjects under his investigation on a global basis were energy, minerals and metals, transportation and communications, medicine, food production, and the environment. Copyright © 2008, 1997, 1984, 1973, 1963, 1950, 1941, 1934 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Click here for terms of use. PERRY’S CHEMICAL ENGINEERS’ HANDBOOK EIGHTH EDITION McGraw-Hill Prepared by a staff of specialists New York under the editorial direction of Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Editor-in-Chief Madrid Mexico City Don W. Green Milan Deane E. Ackers Distinguished Professor of New Delhi Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, San Juan University of Kansas Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Late Editor Robert H. Perry Copyright © 2008, 1997, 1984, 1973, 1963, 1950, 1941, 1934 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-159313-6 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-142294-3. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. 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Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. DOI: 10.1036/0071422943 its author. please click here. Professional Want to learn more? We hope you enjoy this McGraw-Hill eBook! If you’d like more information about this book. . or related books and websites. . . . . . See also the alphabetical index in the back of the handbook. . Abbott . . . Frank Seibert. . Douglas LeVan. . . . . . . . . . Thomas J. . . . . . . W. . . . . . . . B. . . . . . . . . Beimesch. Z. . . Ian C. Hecht. . . . . . B. . . Biegler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Heat and Mass Transfer Hoyt C. . . . Poling. . 15 Adsorption and Ion Exchange M. . . . . . . . . . Fair . . . 1 Physical and Chemical Data Bruce E. . . . . . . . . . . . Dunson. . . . Hugh D. . . . Prince. Knaebel . . . . . . . Pereira . . T. . . Richard L. . . Gassman. . . . . . Hrnjak. 16 Gas-Solid Operations and Equipment Mel Pell. . . . . . consult the title page of that section. . F. . . 11 Psychrometry. George W. Daniel G. . . . . Maloney . . . . . . . . Van Ness. . . . . R. . . Noble. Darryl W. Timothy Fan. . . . . . Michael M. . . . . For more information about this title. Seborg . . . Christian Schwartzbach. . . . . . . . Tim Langrish. . 3 Thermodynamics Hendrick C. . . . . . . . . W. . . James J. Carmo J. . . . . . . . . Timmerhaus . . . . . Steinmeyer. . . . . . Leib. . . . . . . . . . . . . Wilson . . . John P. . . . . . . . . Rowley. . . Predrag S. . . . . F. . 6 Reaction Kinetics Tiberiu M. . . Wankat. . D. . . . . . . . Penney. Giorgio Carta . . . . Victor M. Lise Dahuron. . . . . David Nadel. Knowlton . . . . . . Andrew W. . . Kenneth L. . . . . . . Goldschmidt. . . . . . . . Thomson. . . . . . Kemp. . . . . . . . Evaporative Cooling. Loren C. . . . . McAvoy. . . . . . . . . . . . . James B. . . . . . . Genskow. . Dale E. click here Contents For the detailed contents of any section. . . . . George H. . . Finlayson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sarofim. . . Bruce S. . Bernhagen. . R. . . Patrick M. . . Shilling. . . . . . Boyce. . . . Geyer. . . . . . . . . Kent S. . Paul M. . . . and Phase Separation Henry Z. . . Edwards. . . . . . . 17 v . A. . . . . . . Crocker. . E. . Edgar. . . . . . . . . . Terry W. . . . . Tilton . . . . . . . . . Victor H. . . . . . . . . . Friend. . Silcox. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Heat-Transfer Equipment Richard L. Frank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Other Liquid-Liquid Operations and Equipment Timothy C. . Phase Dispersion. . . . . (Francis) Lee Smith . . . . . . . . . . . . Mathias. . . . . 13 Equipment for Distillation. . 2 Mathematics Bruce A.12 Distillation M. . . . Taylor . . . . . Wayne B. . F. . . . . Cowley. Greg Shinskey. . 8 Process Economics James R. Lorenz T. . . . . Klaus D. . . . Wayne E. . . . 5 Fluid and Particle Dynamics James N. Holden. . . Couper. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kaiser. . . . James R. . . . Geoffrey D. . . . . . . . M. . . . . . . . and Solids Drying Larry R. . . . . . . . . Section Conversion Factors and Mathematical Symbols James O. . Malone. . . . . . Adel F. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shawn Testone. . . Waite. . David Johnson. Kister. . . . Phillip C. . . . . . . . . Cecil L. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hottel. . Hertz. . . . . 9 Transport and Storage of Fluids Meherwan P. . . . . . . . Fidkowski. . . . . . . . . . William D. Walter . Ted M. . . . . . Doherty. . R. . . . . . Gas Absorption. Vincent Wilding . Smith. . . . . . Larry Skoda. . . . . . 7 Process Control Thomas F. (Francis) Lee Smith . . . . . . Benson. . Jack E. . Laronge. . . . . . Daniel R. . . . . Herb Lutz. . . . . . Gary J. Robert Ormsby. . . . . . . . . . . . . Weiss. 22 Process Safety Daniel A. John M. . Thomas M. . . . Terence P. . . . . . . . . . . . . . McGowan . Bedell. . . . Trevor A. . . . Wolfgang Witt. . Edgar B. Peter J. F. . . . Charles E. Ralf Weinekötter. Terry Allen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leung. David A. Johnson. . . . . . 25 Index follows Section 25 . . John G. . High. Schmalzer. . . . . . . Pereira. . . . Ellis. . . . . . . . . Prugh. Schiappa Richard Siwek. . . . . . Howard G. . . Snow. . . . . Wu Chen. . . L. McIlvried III. . Johnston. . Erik Gommeran. Scott. . . Dennis Hendershot. . . Angela Summers. Robert W. . . . . . Lowenhaupt. . . . . Michael Krumpelt. . . Srivastava. Stanley Grossel. . Kevin M. Robert R. . . . Tiberiu M. Crowl. Peter Harriott. Douglas E. Richard A. . Prudich. . . . . . 18 Reactors Carmo J. . . John Winslow. Grantges J. Tingyue Gu. 19 Alternative Separation Processes Michael E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Daniel C. Wells. . . Rameshwar D. . Litster . . . . . . . Keith P. James D. . . (Francis) Lee Smith . . Frank. . . Baczek. . Frank A. . . . . Brooks. Vincent Conrad. Kent Brown. . . . . Thomas F. . . . . Taylor. . Ian Munro. . . . . . 24 Materials of Construction Oliver W. . . . Fred Schoenbrunn. Stoecker II . . . and Utilization Walter F. . . . . Laurence J. . Podolski. 21 Waste Management Louis Theodore. G. . . . Oldshue. . . . . . . . . . J. . . . . . . . James Y. . Todd W. . . . . Sharp. . . Ronald Willey. . . . . Santoleri. Daniel H. . . . Simon J. . . . . Thomas O. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Britton. Guanghui Ma. . . Ennis. . Galen Hodge. . . . . Kletz. . . . . . Douglas Sphar. . Owens. . . . . . . Richard H. . Smith. Moore. . Winschel. . Massood Ramezan. . Stiegel. . . . . . . . . . . Conversion. Klunder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . John D. . . Carl A. Donald C. . . . Gupta. Pope. . Tim J. Zhiguo Su . Julian C. . . . Joseph J. McGillicuddy. Dickey. McNulty. Richard W. . David K. James K. Wisdom .vi CONTENTS Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment Wayne J. . . . Laurence G. . . . Daniel E. . Theodore Hutton. . Wheeldon. . 23 Energy Resources. . Ram B. Kenneth N. . . . . . . . . . . . . David S. Huanlin Chen. . . . Genck. . . . . . Raymus. . John L. . (Francis) Lee Smith. . . . 20 Solid-Solid Operations and Processing Bryan J. Wenping Li. . . Joseph C. . . . . . . . Leib . . . . . Woodward . . . Spicer III. . . . . . Siebert. . . Walter L. McKenna. . . W. . Loftus. . . . . Laros. . . Craigie. . DuPont Central Research and Development (Sec. Chairman and Principal Consultant. LLC (Sec.S.D.E. B. Neolytica. Conversion. and Utilization) Patrick M. 25.E. Professor of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering. 1934 by The McGraw-Hill Companies. Global Market Manager E-CAT & Sedimentation. B. Manager. Dorr-Oliver EIMCO (Sec. Dorr-Oliver EIMCO (Sec. Inc. Ph. 1997. Mathematics) Meherwan P. Benson. Technical Associate Director. Senior Research Associate (retired). 21. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering. Koch Knight LLC (Sec.E. Materials of Construction) Kent Brown. Ph. Ph. P.E. The Procter & Gamble Company (Sec. 1984. Transport and Storage of Fluids) Laurence G. 16.S. Click here for terms of use. Heat-Transfer Equipment) Lorenz T.Ch. M.. 4. 1941.D.E. Adsorption and Ion Exchange) Huanlin Chen. 12. Professor.D.&Chem. Liquid- Solid Operations and Equipment) Giorgio Carta. Consulting Scientist. Bernhagen. Bedell. Dorr-Oliver EIMCO (Sec. Energy Resources. Thermodynamics) Terry Allen. Abbott. Ph..D. 1973. Brooks. (Sec. Ph. 11. Paste and Sedimentation Technology. Alternative Separation Processes) vii Copyright © 2008.E. Carnegie Mellon University (Sec. 23. B.D. P. Inc. 1963. Principal. Professor Emeritus. The Boyce Consultancy Group. 18. Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment) Wayne E. Britton. Sedimentation Product Manager N. 1950.A. (Sec. and Solids Drying) Charles E.E.. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (Sec.M.Ch. Bayer Professor of Chemical Engineering. Psychrometry.S. Solid-Solid Operations and Processing) Frank A. Contributors Michael M. Howard P. Deceased. 10. Corporate Engineering. Boyce. Ph. . (Sec. Baczek.Civ. Biegler. B.S. M.Eng.D.D. 24. ENVIRON International Corp. 18. P. Zhejiang University (Sec. Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment) Daniel C.E. Beimesch. 20.Ch.Sc. 18. Process Safety Consultant. B.S. Ph. Evaporative Cooling. University of Virginia (Sec. Department of Chemical Engineering. Process Safety) Kevin M. 3. Sales Manager—Fired Heater. Vice President Engineering and Construction. Foster Wheeler North America Corp.. Finlayson. 2. B. Foster Wheeler USA (Sec. Frank. Gas Absorption. I. (Sec. The Dow Chemical Company (Sec. Process Engineer. 18. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering. Ph. Frank. University of Arkansas—Fayetteville (Sec. Edgar.A.D. 15. and Phase Separation) Timothy Fan. 10. Inc. Department of Chemical Engineering. Inc. Phase Dispersion. B. Ph. Research Specialist. 18. Equipment for Distillation. Process Safety) Lise Dahuron. 17.S. (Sec. P. B. Crocker. Process Safety) Daniel G. Genck. iPowder Systems. Consulting Chemical Engineer (Sec. Inc. Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment) . and Utilization) James R. Professor of Chemical Engineering. Couper. Craigie. M. F. Process Director. Professor of Chemical Engineering. Transport and Storage of Fluids) Laurence J. Gas-Solid Operations and Equipment) Thomas F. LLC (Sec.E.D. Process Economics) Terry W. D.. Air Products and Chemicals Inc. Research Scientist and Sr. M. Senior Consultant.M. University of Texas—Austin (Sec. 13. Ph.Chem. Phase Dispersion. The Ralph E.Ch.E. Inc. Solid-Solid Operations and Processing) James R. 15. Michigan Technological University (Sec. (Sec. Inc. Chief Project Engineer. Fisher Controls International. Ph. Ph. S. Transport and Storage of Fluids) Z.S. Aker Kvaerner. Rehnberg Professor. Distillation) James B.. Sr. 18. Doherty. 10. (Sec. Senior Consultant. duPont de Nemours & Co. Crowl. E. Equipment for Distillation. Edwards. University of Texas (Sec. President. (Sec. (Sec. Fidkowski. P. Ph.S.. 8.D. Product Manager. Ennis. 8. Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment) Vincent Conrad. Professor Emeritus. Consultant. Transport and Storage of Fluids) Daniel E. 14. P. Sedimentation Centrifuges and Belt Presses.E.D. President. Materials of Construction) B. Process Control) Victor H. Energy Resources. 14. Senior Research Specialist. B.D.S.D.. 13. Technical Services Development.E. Professor of Chemical Engineering. 21.S. Professor of Chemical Engineering.D. 18. P.D. 9.. Group Leader. Dow Chemical Company (Sec.. Process Control) Wayne J. and CEO. Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment) Bryan J.Ch.E. Inc. Ph. Physical and Chemical Data) George W.D. P.D.E. Genck International (Sec. CONSOL Energy Inc. 3.E. Friend National Institute of Standards and Technology (Sec. Ph. 23.viii CONTRIBUTORS Wu Chen. Technical Leader. Gas Absorption. ABS Consulting (Sec.D. DuPont Engineering (Sec. 10. Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Other Liquid-Liquid Operations and Equipment) Walter L. (Sec. B. Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment) M. Ellis.D. Principal Division Consultant (retired). T.E. M.D.. Dickey. 24.Sc. Ph. Fluid/Particle Specialist. MixTech. Ph. Final Control Systems. Dunson. Gassman. (Sec.Sc. Cowley. University of California—Santa Barbara (Sec. The Dow Chemical Company (Sec. Distillation) Bruce A. and Phase Separation) Daniel A. Ph. Mathematics) Timothy C.M. University of Washington (Sec. Ph. Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Other Liquid-Liquid Operations and Equipment) David S. Krauss Maffei Process Technology. Composite Resources.D. E&G Associates. 23.S. 25. Fair. Ph. B. Conversion. Ph. l. Chilworth Technology. M.S. Johnston. Alternative Separation Processes) Peter Harriott. University of Texas (Austin) (Sec. and Solids Drying) Henry Z.E. and Phase Separation) . Inc.&Ind. (Bud) and Mary Beth Baird Endowed Chair and Professor of Chemical Engineering. Psychrometry. Evaporative Cooling. C. techn. P. Alternative Separation Processes) Hugh D. P. Professor Emeritus. Ohio University (Sec. Geyer. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Sec. Heat-Transfer Equipment) L. P. Process Safety) Tingyue Gu. 23. C. Gas Absorption. 25. Kister. High. Transport and Storage of Fluids) Victor M. Solid-Solid Operations and Processing) Stanley Grossel. DuPont Central Research and Development (Sec. Evaporative Cooling. Ph. Ph.Sc. B.D. PB Energy Storage Services. 21. 12.. Process Safety) Darryl W. Ph. 12. 12. Senior Engineer.. P.S. E. Evaporative Cooling. p. 11. Ph. Psychrometry. Hecht. 23. Senior Business Development Engineer. 11. 20. ARKEMA. M. Johnson.E.Mech.Eng. Cornell University (Sec.E. School of Chemical Engineering...E.Eng. 18. 20.S.Sc.S.E. Mechanical Engineering. Psychrometry. Principal Investigator—U of I Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Center.I.Eng.c. Burgoyne Consultants (Sec. Fluor Corporation (Sec. The Dow Chemical Company (Sec.S.. M.E. Process Economics) W. Ph.Res. Process Research Leader. President. 14.. KBR (Sec. Assistant Professor. Executive Vice President. Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering. Professor Emeritus of Chemical Engineering.D. Equipment for Distillation. (Sec. 5. Kaiser. Ph. B. 11. University of Belgrade (Sec. Purdue University (Sec. and Solids Drying) Dennis Hendershot. President. and Solids Drying) Wayne B.. Alumni (Chair) Professor of Chemical Engineering. Manager.E. 23. 23. Department of Chemical Engineering. Process Safety) Keith P. Deceased.E. Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment) John P. 20. Inc. Principal Process Safety Specialist. GlaxoSmithKline (Sec. Hrnjak. Auburn University (Sec. Senior Technical Manager. F.Ch. S.Ch. (Sec. A&A Technology. CONTRIBUTORS ix Larry R.C. B. Heat- Transfer Equipment) Robert W..D. Kemp. Theodore Hutton.D. The Procter & Gamble Company (Sec. Associate Director. G. B.S.S. Materials of Construction) David Johnson. Heat-Transfer Equipment) Erik Gommeran. C.P. Front-End Loading and Value-Improving Practices Group.D. (Materials Engineering). Hottel.. 15. Phase Dispersion. V.A. Heat Exchanger Specialist. Alternative Separation Processes) Ram B.Mech. C.E. 25.S. M.E. Ph. Galen Hodge. C. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Materials of Construction) Bruce S. B.Eng. Goldschmidt.D. M. 10. Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Other Liquid-Liquid Operations and Equipment) Hoyt C. Dr. Genskow Technical Director.E. MBA Principal Engineer. Unwin Company (Sec. M. Holden. Coroprate Engineering Technologies. (Sec. M. P. P. Gupta. Senior Fellow and Director of Fractionation Technology. Assistant Professor. Heat and Mass Transfer) Predrag S. Transport and Storage of Fluids) Ian C.Ch. (Sec. Materials Technology Institute (Sec. (Cantab). Process Safety & Design (Sec. M. Process Safety) F. The Procter & Gamble Company (Sec. sc.. Hertz. Inc. 10. Research Associate. Steel Tank Institute and Steel Plate Fabricators Association (Sec. Professor Emeritus. 9.D. Ph.M.D. Consultant. 14. Conversion Factors and Mathematical Symbols) Paul M.S. Krauss Maffei Process Technology. 8. Energy Resources. Ph.Chem. J. and Solids Drying) Thomas M.D. D.E. Department of Chemical Engineering. Fuel Cell Technology. 24. Adsorption Research. Conversion. Malone. Laros. 13.Phil. Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment) James D. McAvoy. Adsorption and Ion Exchange) Wenping Li. China (Sec. Leib. CONSOL Energy Inc. P. and Phase Separation) Thomas J. Litster. Emeritus Professor of Chemical Engineering. Mathias. Alternative Separation Processes) M. Lawrence Wilson Professor of Engineering.M. Director. 24. (Sec. 20. Process Safety) Edgar B.D. Professor of Chemical Engineering.D. Institute of Process Engineering. ENVIRON International Corp. Ph. Ph. Ph. Dorr-Oliver EIMCO (Sec. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company (Sec. 24. Loughborough University (U. Conversion. Visiting Professor. Thomas M.S.D. 19. Department of Chemical Engineering. R&D Manager. Inc. Evaporative Cooling. Product Manager. Kletz. Ph. National Energy Technology Laboratory. Professor. The University of Sydney (Australia) (Sec. Filtration Centrifuges and Filters. 20. Coke Laboratory.Phys. McGowan. and Utilization) Tim Langrish. Waste Management) . E. D. 7. 25.x CONTRIBUTORS Trevor A. Principal. Energy Resources. Manager. Ph. Energy Resources. Lowenhaupt. Beijing. and Utilization) Douglas E. Inc.Sc. Conversion.D. President. Klunder. Department of Chemical Engineering. Argonne National Laboratory (Sec. Reactors) Joseph C. Leung Inc. 18. 5. 18. M. 23. Technical Director. Ph. Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment) Thomas F. Principal Consultant. Process Safety) M. 12. Loftus. Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment) Tiberiu M. Ph. Leung. Adjunct Professor. 1. Knowlton.S. (Sec. P. B. McGillicuddy. Department of Chemical Engineering. Solid-Solid Operations and Processing) Peter J. DuPont Engineering Research and Technology. U. Energy Resources. Ph. Group Leader.D. Douglas LeVan. Department of Energy (Sec. (Sec. Vanderbilt University (Sec. Ph. Psychrometry. Equipment for Distillation. 23. Process Control) James K. and Utilization) Herb Lutz Consulting Engineer. (Sec. Gas Absorption. Gas-Solid Operations and Equipment) Michael Krumpelt. Project Manager. Professor of Chemical Engineering and Dean of Engineering.D.Phil. President. 16. Reaction Kinetics. Sec. and Utilization) Kent S.E. Laronge. Technical Director.S. Phase Dispersion. Conversion. Inc. School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering. 22. Knaebel.D. M. Distillation) James O. TMTS Associates (Sec. 17.D. Senior Process Consultant. Ph. University of Queensland (Sec. President. University of Kansas (Sec. Particulate Solid Research.D. Inc.D.K.). Texas A&M University (Sec. Heat and Mass Transfer) Ted M.D.S. Agrilectric Research Company (Sec.. Ph. Alternative Separation Processes) Guanghui Ma. Laronge. University of Maryland—College Park (Sec. University of Massachusetts—Amherst (Sec. (Sec.E. 21. 24. Ph. (Sec. Fluor Corporation (Sec. Ph. Maloney. CAS. Millipore Corporation (Sec. Professor. M. (Sec. State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering. D. 18.D.D. F. Materials of Construction) Tim J. Inc. Senior Principal Mechanical Engineer. and Utilization) Grantges J.E. Ohio University (Sec.D. 19. Raymus.D. Heat and Mass Transfer) James Y.Sc. AcuTech Consulting Group (Sec. Conversion. (Sec. 18. Consulting Engineer. B. and Utilization) Bruce E.E. CONTRIBUTORS xi Howard G. Ph. E. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Sec.Sc. 23. Deceased. The Dow Chemical Company (Sec. Inc. Ph. Materials of Construction) William D. China (Sec. Argonne National Laboratory (Sec. Science Applications International Corporation.S. Moore. Bioindustrial Technologies. M. 25.E. Senior Consultant. Electrochemical Technology Program. C.E. Process Safety) Mel Pell. Inc. Reaction Kinetics. B. 23. Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment) Robert Ormsby..S. and Phase Separation) Carmo J.S. University of Arkansas (Sec. Inc. Professor of Chemical Engineering. Podolski. Process Safety) Jack E. 23. Noble. 20.. Alternative Separation Processes) Richard W.D. Inc. University of Toledo (Sec. Beijing. President. P. (Microbiology) President and Owner.D. Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Other Liquid-Liquid Operations and Equipment) Michael E. Phase Dispersion. Ph. Aker Kvaerner. Ph. 2. Pope. ESD Consulting Services (Sec. ETS International.S. Chemical Engineer. P. I.. Prudich. Electrostatics Consultant. (Sec. B. Ph. Solid-Solid Operations and Processing) Richard L. 15. du Pont de Nemours and Company (Sec. Ph. Waste Management) . P. Waste Management) Terence P. National Energy Technology Laboratory (Sec. T.P. Prugh. Manager of Packaging Engineering (retired).. Science Applications International Corporation.D. 17. Oldshue.E. Sec. Conversion. 21.E. P. M. Energy Resources.. Energy Resources. 22. Chilworth Technology.S. Process Engineering Associate.D. Professor of Chemical Engineering.Ch. Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment) David A. P. Ph. M. 18.. Dupont de Nemours and Co. & Santoleri Associates (Sec. Prince. (Sec. Senior Consultant. Senior Process Safety Specialist.. National Energy Technology Laboratory (Sec.E. P.D.D. Transport and Storage of Fluids) James J. 10. M. Physical and Chemical Data) Daniel H. Ph.E. Physical and Chemical Data) Joseph J. President. Corrosion Probes.P. and Utilization) John D. McNulty. Ian Munro. 2.E. Energy Resources. Adjunct Professor of Chemical Engineering at Beijing Institute of Chemical Technology.E.. Gas-Solid Operations and Equipment) W. Inc. Reactors) Walter F.. (Sec. Process Safety Consultant (Sec. President. Conversion. 23. M.D. 25. McKenna. Gas Absorption. RMT Inc. Process Safety) J. 14.D. Inc. (Sec.. Equipment for Distillation. P.E. Pereira. (Sec. 24. President. 24.D.E.A. Materials of Construction) David Nadel. Poling Department of Chemical Engineering.S. President and Chairman.D. 22. R. Raymus Associates. McIlvried III. MBA. (Sec. Santoleri. McNulty and Associates. DuPont Engineering Research and Technology. Union Carbide Corporation (Sec. Brigham Young University (Sec. MBA DuPont Fellow. 7. Process Safety) Massood Ramezan. Ph.. Ph. 5. Inc. CE [UK] Research Affiliate. M. Oldshue Technologies International. I. E. Rowley Department of Chemical Engineering. Penney. President. Program Manager.E. Ph. 24. Department of Chemical Engineering. Ph. Owens. B. Siebert. Washington University. Evaporative Cooling. and Solids Drying. 5.Chem. Conversion. B. Ph.D. Houston. Louis. Ph. Martin Department of Chemical Engineering. Shilling. Aker Kvaerner. Niro A/S (Sec. Combustion.M. P..E. Ph. (Sec.D.Sc.Ch. Mo.E. M. Sec. Sharp.D. 14. Ph. Steinmeyer. Dorr-Oliver EIMCO (Sec. P. B. 8. and Phase Separation) . Retired. Energy Resources. Smith. Frank Seibert. 21. Materials of Construction) Geoffrey D. P. 24. Sec. Professor Emeritus. Principal. Environmental Consultant (Sec. Ph. Monsanto Company (retired) (Sec. President.S.. Fossil Energy Program Manager. The Dow Chemical Company (Sec. Gas Absorption. Materials of Construction) Dale E. (Sec. Ph. Ralph E.E. Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment) Richard H. Silcox.E. 18... (Sec. University of Utah (Sec. Process Control) (Francis) Lee Smith. 12. 23. Sarofim. Process Control) A. P. University of Arkansas (Sec. P.D. Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Other Liquid-Liquid Operations and Equipment) Robert R. Separations Research Program.S. Spicer III.E.E.. Inc. M.) (Sec. Professor of Chemical Engineering. 22. Evaporative Cooling. Conversion.. University of Utah (Sec. Scott & Associates (Sec. Heat and Mass Transfer) Carl A. (Sec. 12. North Central Research Institute. M. and Reactors. Combustion. Heat and Mass Transfer) Richard Siwek. P. B. E. Conversion. Principal Engineer.D. Wilcrest Consulting Associates. 21.Eng.. B. Ph. Affiliate Professor of Chemical Engineering. Sc. Ph. Waste Management.E.S. Schiappa. Technology Development (retired).E. University of California—Santa Barbara (Sec. Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment) Christian Schwartzbach. DuPont Central Research and Development (Sec. Cecil L. National Energy Technology Laboratory (Sec. Process Control) Oliver W. 15.S. Argonne National Laboratory (Sec. Waste Management) Richard L.Ch..D. Koch Heat Transfer Company LP (Sec. 11. and Utilization) Julian C. The University of Texas at Austin (Sec. Srivastava. P. 5. Cornell University (Sec. Process Safety) Rameshwar D. Smith.E. and Utilization) D. Smith Inc.A. and Utilization) Fred Schoenbrunn. Consultant (retired from Foxboro Co. Science Applications International Corporation. 25. Psychrometry.Ch. Energy Resources. 23. Process Economics. Phase Dispersion.E.S. 22.E.E. B.S.E. 10. Transport and Storage of Fluids) Cecil L. FireEx Consultant Ltd. Equipment for Distillation. P. Scott. President and Principal. Presidential Professor of Chemical Engineering. Professor and Head. Distinguished Fellow. Process Safety) Larry Skoda. Principal.S. Seborg. Heat-Transfer Equipment) F. Psychrometry. Ph.E.D.D. St. Professor of Environmental Engineering. Snow. Vice President of Engineering. Technical Manager.xii CONTRIBUTORS Adel F.D. Manhattan College.D.D. M. and Solids Drying) Simon J..D. Greg Shinskey.Ch. 18. Research Associate. Director. 8.E. President and Principal. Manager. Product Manager for Minerals Sedimentation. Solid-Solid Operations and Processing) Douglas Sphar. Process Safety) David K. Solid-Solid Operations and Processing) Thomas O. Texas (Sec. 24. Inc. B. Professor of Chemical Engineering.. Ph.M. Managing Director. and Reactors. 24. Schmalzer. Ph.S. Sec. 25. IIT Research Institute (retired) (Sec. School of Chemical Engineering. 8. B..E. Engineering Advisor. Principal Piping Engineer. Energy Resources. M. 9.M.&Ch. Siebert Materials Engineering. 23. Transport and Storage of Fluids) Phillip C. University of Colorado (Sec. Tilton. M. Diplomate AAEE Partner and North American Director of Compliance Assurance. Energy Resources.S. P. China (Sec. Ph. De Dietrich Process Systems (Sec. Dorr-Oliver EIMCO (Sec. Department of Chemical Engineering. (Sec. Ph.Eng.D.E.Civ. (Sec. Professor and Director. Brigham Young University (Sec. EnTech Control. Conversion. CONTRIBUTORS xiii Gary J. B. M.Geol.E.S.D.. Purdue University (Sec. 24.Eng. Professor of Chemical Engineering. 21. ERM (Sec. 10. 8. The Dow Chemical Company (Sec. Waite. Eng.D.E.S. Taylor.E.. National Energy Technology Laboratory. 10. and Utilization) . Physical and Chemical Data) Ronald Willey. Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment) R. President. Research Services. Ph. B. University of Houston—Clear Lake (Sec. Alternative Separation Processes) Angela Summers.E..D.. Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment) John M. Howard P. Wells. Principal Consultant. and Utilization) John G. and Utilization) W.S. Process Control) Kenneth L. Materials of Construction) Zhiguo Su. Dr. Solid-Solid Operations and Processing) Kenneth N. Dorr-Oliver EIMCO (Sec. 18. 15. R. Lovell Distinguished Professor of Chemical Engineering.M. 22. 2. 18. Process Engineering.Ind.E. E.E. Principal Process Control Consultant. Weiss. Physical and Chemical Data) James N. Heat-Transfer Equipment) Hendrick C.S. Electric Power Research Institute (Sec. CONSOL Energy Inc. 22. Walter. Technology Manager. 4.. Managing Director.E. P. State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering.D. Stoecker II. Energy Resources. 5. 24. Beijing. Department of Energy (Sec. Ph. Ph.. Professor. 13. 20. Ph. Ph. U. Ph. P.D. Clifton L. Stiegel. Liquid-Liquid Extraction and Other Liquid-Liquid Operations and Equipment) Richard A. P. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (Sec. Aker Kvaerner.S.D. Process Manager Industrial Water & Wastewater Technology. Inc. Clarkson University (Sec. Thomson AIChE Design Institute for Physical Properties (Sec.D. 2. Ph. B. Professor of Chemical Engineering. 11. a Division of Emerson Electric Canada (Sec. Director. Conversion. Waste Management) Daniel R. Professor and President’s Teaching Scholar. Winschel. Heat and Mass Transfer) Ralf Weinekötter.D. CAS. Wankat. (Sec.Eng.E. MBA Product Manager Sedimentation Products. P. P. Distillation) Shawn Testone Product Manager. Process Safety) Loren C.. B.S. P. Institute of Process Engineering. 6. B.S. 24. Conversion. Process Safety) Donald C. sc. 23. Department of Environmental Management. SIS-TECH. Thermodynamics) Andrew W. Transport and Storage of Fluids) Louis Theodore. Principal Consultant. Waste Management) George H.Sc. Research Specialist. Gericke AG. I.D. Sr. Van Ness. D.. 23. Taylor. Stoecker & Associates (Sec. Adjunct Professor. Energy Resources. Wilson. du Pont de Nemours & Co. Northeastern University (Sec. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering. Wheeldon. Vincent Wilding Department of Chemical Engineering. Switzerland (Sec. 25. Manhattan College (Sec. Process Manager—Technology. Fluid and Particle Dynamics) Klaus D. techn. Timmerhaus. S. Global Filtration Product Manager. Inc. 24. M. Wisdom. Dr. Department of Energy (Sec. Energy Resources.D. Baker Engineering and Risk Consultants.S. (Sec. and Utilization) Todd W.S. Woodward. Dorr-Oliver EIMCO (Sec. Ph. Conversion.E.Ch. Technology Manager. U. rer. National Energy Technology Laboratory. 21. 18. 23. Sympatec GmbH–System Partikel Technik (Sec.xiv CONTRIBUTORS John Winslow. Solid-Solid Operations and Processing) John L. Senior Principal Consultant. Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment) Wolfgang Witt. nat. M. Technical Director. Process Safety) . GREEN Editor-in-Chief University of Kansas xv Copyright © 2008. Daniel Theimer. Many of these authors are Fellows of the AIChE. and fundamentals of mathemat- ics most useful to engineers. and these persons and their affiliations are listed as a part of the front material. the material in the Handbook has been extensively revised. Many of the ideas developed through his leadership during prepara- tion of earlier editions carried over to the seventh and eighth editions. As there are a significant number of new section edi- tors. Section 2. Maloney (sixth and seventh editions). although his tragic death occurred dur- ing the preparation of the sixth edition. All sections have been updated to cover the latest advances in technology related to chemical engineering. physical and chemical data. Mehrdad Hosni. Perry (fourth to sixth editions). Don W. Abbott and Dr. which covers physical and chemical data. Robert H. Kirkpatrick (fourth edition). A large number of section editors and contributors worked on this eighth edition. Perry both the initiator and editor. distillation. Robert H. Click here for terms of use. Dr. Perry (first to third editions). Chris Sharpe. and materials of construction. Jeremy Steeley. Chris Roatch. I would like to recognize two of these colleagues. Cecil H. gas-liquid processes. and Nick Willis. 1941. among other new information. have guided the preparation of the different editions over the years. The first group of sections includes comprehensive tables with units conversions and funda- mental constants. methods to predict properties. Green (sixth to eighth edi- tions) and James O. . I owe much to the friendship and mentoring of Bob Perry. A number of chemical engineering students at the University of Kansas assisted in the preparation of the index. The second group. Oldshue. Meghan Easter. DON W. Jennifer Lawrence. although content changes are extensive.or coeditor-in-chief. 1963. and liquid-liquid processes. safety and the handling of hazardous materials. The last group covers auxiliary information including waste management. Maxine Younes. Susan Bolton. Casey Morris. who passed away while this work was being prepared. and is listed again as an editor for the current edition. 1973. with John H. Don Claus. 1997. Preface to the Eighth Edition Perry’s has been an important source of information related to the fundamentals and practice of chemical engi- neering since it was first published in 1934. They are Jonathan Ashley. Chilton (fourth and fifth editions). In addition. They will be missed. Kaitlyn Kelly. Several chemical engineers. Bill Eckman. Sidney D. chemical reactors. The organization of this eighth edition is much the same as for the seventh edition. comprising the fourth through the ninth sections. Andrew Becker. has been expanded by well over 100 pages to include. serving as editor. 1984. Jonathan Bunn. data from the AIChE Design Institute for Physical Properties. These include John H. Inc. Justin Ellrich. 1950. Andrew Duncan. and my wife Patricia Green provided extensive sec- retarial assistance. James Y. such as heat-transfer operations. covers fundamentals of chemical engineering. 1934 by The McGraw-Hill Companies. Michael M. The third and largest group of sections deals with processes. Perry was also listed as an editor for the seventh edition. energy sources. This page intentionally left blank . 21-101 absorptivity. 1934 by The McGraw-Hill Companies. 12-5 foam-column theory: to 14-19 adjusted propagation velocity. saturated. 16-66 agglomeration processes. 20-33 design strategy. 16-31 to 16-38 paste rheology. 16-33 to adsorptive bubble separation methods (Cont. 14-23 PuraSiv HR vessel. 20-32 to 20-33 applicability of physical design methods. 20-34 absorption. breakthrough curves. 13-90 fixed-bed transitions. 16-8 equations. 16-38 to 16-48 types of granule growth. 22-38 adsorbed-solution theory. 10-36 tion of. 21-95 acetone: chromatography. 13-13 equipment. 1941. 14-17 conservation equations. 12-4 to 12-5. 7-16 powder feeding. 1973.): absolute humidity. 21-106 activation overpotential. Click here for terms of use. 21-105 acid catalyzed isomerization. 16-58 controlling powder compaction. 21-108 BIP data. 21-105 VLE data. 12-26. 16-18 to 16-25 compact density. 7-19 deformability and wet mass rheology. 14-24 hypersorption. 16-11 to 16-14 compact strength. 13-9 sorption equilibrium. 8-66 factors affecting. 21-103 thermodynamic properties. reaction kinetics. 20-34 14-25 classification. 21-83 A/D integrating. 21-90 absorption in water. 16-25 stress transmission. regimes. 20-34 to 20-35 air. 21-108 Antoine vapor pressure. 16-4 to 16-7 compaction in a channel. Inc. biocatalysis. 8-66 limiting equations. 16-60 growth and consolidation. 9-6 reaction rates. thermodynamic properties. 21-89 BIP data. 21-100 equilibrium. 21-108 acrylonitrile. 8-76 to 8-77. 1997. 8-26 bubble fractionation. 21-108 residue map. 21-108 residue curve. 13-14 design consepts. 21-107 activated complex. 16-58 hiestand tableting indices. 14-22 physical properties. cycle control. 16-50 classification. 16-8 to 16-9 high agitation intensity growth. 20-31 methods of measurement. pollutants. 20-31 to 20-33 nucleation and wetting. 16-63 breakage and attrition. 7-15 hybrid recycle systems. 21-104 activation energy. 1950. 14-18 adiabatic saturation temperature. 16-49 to 16-60 powder compaction. 5-35 pollutants. 21-96 acetic-acid/water separation. 16-64 affinity laws. 16-64 fracture properties. rapid. 16-64 fracture measurements. 14-20 adsorber vessel. 16-58 compaction pressure. 21-82 activity. 16-27 to 16-30 low agitation intensity. 21-105 acetylene. 7-18 dominant effects in absorption with chemical equipment: aerobic fermentation. 20-30 to 20-31 absorption. 2-209 to 2-210 rate and dispersion factors. parameteriza. 13-14 adsorption and ion exchange: granule deformability. 15-8 batch adsorption. multicomponent systems. 1963. 16-49 granule consolidation and densification. 16-46 breaking. 14-20 adsorption: aerobic. 22-37 mechanisms of attrition and breakage. fracture properties. 16-66 21-103 scaling up from laboratory data. 2-473 to 2-475 temperature swing. 16-61 agglomerated materials. 12-28 adsorptive bubble separation methods: examples of the impact of wetting. 7-30 reactions. 21-86 adaptive control. 17-24 mass transfer and kinetic models. 7-6 adsorption-desorption. 21-102 water vapor. 16-61 to 16-63 aerodynamic diameter. 9-5 process selection matrix. 21-82 A/D converter. 20-34 absorption with chemical reaction. 2-210 energy application. computational chemistry. 14-20 to adsorbents: drainage and overflow. 21-91 accounting equation. 13-13 adsorbents and ion exchangers. 16-15 coalescence. 21-86 actuator. 8-84 adsorption: mechanics of the wetting rate process. 16-61 to 16-67 drag-induced flow in straight channels. . 7-32 adsorption-rate controlling. 13-7. 14-25 continuous countercurrent systems. thermodynamic properties. 5-19 to 5-20 cross-flow systems. 2-215 1 Copyright © 2008. acetic acid: UOP nine-bed polybed PSA H2 unit. 21-101 radiant volume. 21-93 acentric factor. 21-89 accumulated depreciation. 21-92 accumulated retained earnings. 17-17 steam regeneration. 13-79 process cycles. 9-4 process descriptors. 5-32 pressure-swing. 7-18 wetting. 7-14 adsorption equilibrium. 16-17 to 16-18 paste extrusion. 1984. Index Abinito methods. 21-82 thermodynamic model for physical and chemical regeneration. 21-107 2-186. dry. 12-26 16-34 definition and classification. 16-65 21-99 Antoine vapor pressure. 16-10 operation. 7-38 adiabatic adsorption. rigorous computer-based absorber design. adsorption cycles: compaction cycles. 14-25 design. 16-60 deformability and interparticle forces. 13-8 unitary refrigerant-based systems. 7-18 estimating emissions from sources. general. 7-35 conic sections. 12-20 argon-nitrogen-oxygen system. 8-12 effects of air pollutants. liquid vapor fixed beds of granular solids. 7-16 to 20-82 binomial theorem. 20-71 to 20-73 air spring effect. 17-52 final purification. 7-35 parametric equations. 22-48 pressure equations. 3-5 bancroft point. 12-22 to 12-25 cash equivalents. 20-83 allocated capital. 20-83 alkyl chloride. 2-228 background. 10-66 high viscosity systems. 22-29 Assman psychrometer. 7-31 anaerobic fermentations. 8-9 configuration. 8-29 schematic. 3-11 to 3-12 comparison of. 7-32 pressure or pressure dam. 13-7. 8-84 viscosity of polymerization. 8-65. 3-10 minimum boiling. combinations. 22-6 properties. 8-70 lyophilization. 22-31 net property and equipment. 7-18. 2-229 to 2-230 load calculation. 29-78 arithmetic-geometric inequality. 7-31 anabolic. 8-67 autocatalysis. 8-89 offset halves. digital technology. 13-13 angular displacement. 9-5 Bernoulli relationship. Greek. mathmatical. 12-17. 3-9 to 3-10 auto-tuning. 8-46 biological APC technologies. 10-66 black-body behavior. plaant. wet surface. 8-58 annular liquid separation bed. pseudo random. thermodynamic properties. 20-82 alarms. 3-5 balance sheet. 13-6 initial product harvest and concentration. 7-30 particulate pollutants. 11-77 accounts receivable. 13-95 selection of unit operation. 7-6 tower packing. 18-15 API gravity. 8-65 taper land. 10-83 to 10-86 Antoine vapor pressure. 10-153 to 10-154 benzene: equipment. 7-31 bearings. progressions. 2-221 to 2-223 beds of solids. 3-10 definition of. trays. 2-211 to 2-214 ASME boiler and pressure code section VIII. 7-39 air pollutants. 20-78 Cauchy-Schwarz inequality. 3-12 thrust-bearing power loss. 22-35 asymtotic solution. 13-99 tilt-pad. 7-16 chromatographic development. 7-31 amplifier network. 9-17 batch dryers. 8-43 equilibrium data. quick reference guide. 6-40 circulation and heat transfer. international standard. 7-34 mechanisms. 16-30 angles and sides of triangles relations. 7-35 straight line. 17-17 BASIC. 7-31 air pollutants. 16-33 block-diagram analysis. 7-34 kinetics. 14-94 alternative columns. 20-76 Holder’s inequality. 9-5 x-y diagram. 20-83 permutations. 13-68 cell disruption. 3-17 to 3-18 lemon bore or elliptical. 10-65 to 10-67 yield coefficients. 7-34 bioscrubbers. 8-8 approximation identities. 3-5 to 3-6 adsorption. 9-10. 7-34 biological systems. 9-6 integration of unit operations. plane: temperature characterisitcs. 13-6 to 13-7. 7-35 asymptotes. 15-9 porous media. 7-31 source-control-problem strategy. 8-43 cylindrical bore. 9-5 Bernoulli’s equation. 7-35 analyzer controller. 10-67 See also solid wastes analytical geometry. 8-86 atmospheric dust concentrations. 6-40 boilers. 10-65 blending: anode. 9-5 Bhelousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. 6-39 boil up/bottom flow ratio. 22-28 total assets. 8-72 plain washer. 12-24 inventories. 16-67 plain journal. thermodynamic properties. 24-35 to 24-41 aromatic extracting. 3-5 baffles. 3-13 circumferential grooved. 20-74 to 20-75 quadratic. 22-48 to 22-51 alphabet. 16-45 drying. 20-83 Minkowski’s inequality. thermodynamic properties. 18-16 Antoine equation. 20-79 to 20-83 alarm. 3-10 homogenous. rate of change. 22-50 ammonia. 9-5 binary signal. 7-35 coordinate systems. 22-11 to 22-12 atmosphere. 10-67 biochemical reactions. 11-77 to 11-78 ASME B16. 20-76 remainder theorem. flow control calculation. 9-6 balanced growth. 12-5 three-lobe. 10-65 chemostat. 3-5 baffle towers. 3-43 bed profiles. 10-66 semibatch. 11-77 assets. 9-5. 22-51 to 2-219 light adsorption. 13-68 clarification methods. 11-76 cash. 20-79 to 20-81 cubic. 24-36 Arrhenius equation. 22-31 total property. 22-28 prepaid expenses. 2-217 electrical or thermal conductivity.5 flanges. 13-8 ventilation. control. 8-69 20-83 theory of equations. 7-18 thrust bearings. 3-10 initial purification: algebraic inequalities. 2-473 to 2-475 batch reactors. 2-515 to 2-517 column packings. 9-5. 9-22 polarography. 8-78 liquid-liquid partitioning. 11-77 current assets. 3-5 backpressure. 6-39 to 6-40 blowdown calculation. 8-51 biofiltration. 7-31 biotrickling filters. 8-22 argon. 12-23 marketable securities. 20-73 determinants. 9-4. 20-84 Lagrange’s inequality. 13-6 to 13-7. automation projects. 22-50 Ambose-Walton modification of Lee-Kesler vapor batch reactor control. 2-224 to 2-227 fluidized beds. 8-26 sequencing of chromatographic steps. 8-59 air conditioning: sion 1. 7-30 amortization. 14-35 precipitation. 20-82 operations. 22-36 fixed assets. 9-5 biochemical reactions.2 INDEX air. 20-75 to 20-76 linear. 9-5 biocatalysis. 7-30 gaseous pollutants. 20-81 algebra. 10-66 BIPS binary interaction parameters. 10-67 batch. 3-10 to 3-11 azeotropic mixtures: types of chromatography. 10-67 CSTR. 13-14 central systems. 1-18 batch process control. 9-5 binary input. 20-76 to 20-78 Carleman’s inequality. bellows element. 8-46 biofilters. 9-5 Txy diagram. 20-80 3-10 autotune function. 9-5 8-80 application. divi. air cooler. 13-68 to 20-76 factor theorem. use in modeling. 3-12 tilting pad. 12-6 mechanism. thermodynamic biochemical separation processes: air quality standards. 10-66 biomass: analog input and output channels. 9-5 thermodynamic properties. 3-11 heterogenous. 3-5 band compression factor. elementary: autocatalytic reaction. 15-80 membrane ultrafiltration. 8-70 control-equipment selection. hazardous. 3-8 autoignition temperature. 10-68 bioreactors. 10-65 chemical reactions. simplified. 24-36 . 16-35 yield coefficients. and probability. 8-94 scale-up of liquid chromatography. 20-73 to 20-74 fundamental theorem of algebra. and equipment. 3-11 types of bearings. 3-10 reactive. 8-67 atomizers. 13-68 protein refolding. electrochemical reactions. 3-10 maximum boiling. 6-39 to 6-40 design issues. 13-94. 13-7. 7-30 analog signal transmission. 10-66 block diagrams. 10-65 dilution rate. 3-8 to 3-9 automation. 13-68 product polishing and formulation. 10-65 Biot number. dimensions of. 14-21 moisture. 19-32 to multi-stage pusher centrifuges. 2-471 to 2-473 example of. 24-40 to 24-41 solubility in MEA. 18-116 calcinations. solid. 18-115 calibration of a measurement device. 13-14 bowls. 7-35 bottom unloading vertical basket centrifuges. 7-33 slurry reactors. 24-39 temperature ratings. 8-24 pusher process steps. vertical. 18-125 boiling point. 13-15 catalytic reactors: centrifugal filtration theory. 18-127 Antoine vapor pressure. 7-10 top unloading vertical basket centrifuges. 18-140 boiler band. 13-13 wall heat transfer. 14-8 rate of filtration. saturated thermody. 7-9. 5-14 to 5-15 thermodynamic properties. 24-38 carbon 1⁄2Mo steel (group 1. 18-29 to 18-131 boundary layer flows. 8-81 homogeneous. 5-15 carbon tetrafluoride (R14). 24-38 carbon steel (group 1. 9-28 sorticanter. 18-116 thermodynamic properties. 24-37 BIP data. 18-128 bourdon tube. 18-122. 18-115 BIP data. 18-115 calciner. pressure. 2-471 to 2-473 catabolic pathway. 13-13 transport reactors. disk stack. 18-127 to 18-133 bonnets. vertical basket. 5-15 carbonyl sulfide. zero angle of incidence. 18-136 butanes: 19-33 single-stage pusher centrifuges. 2-472 7-31 top unloading vertical basket. 16-15 critical speeds. 18-115 bypass valve. def. three-phase decanter. centrifugal force: fire-tube boilers. 19-32 general principles. 6-40 to 6-41 gas-solid. centrifugal separator. 8-75 catalysts. 7-16 pressurized siphon peeler centrifuge. 18-117 cavitations. 18-116 thermodynamic properties. 2-246 pharma peeler. pressure. 18-115 capillary flow. 8-91 solid-waste fuels burned. 15-92 economics. 7-18 continuous filtering centrifuges. BIP data. 2-476 catalyst deactivation. 18-142 g-level. 8-75 wire gauzes. chemical reduction at. 10-108 centrifugal pump. 19-27 classification. 18-130 coefficients. 18-138 design parameters and criteria. 18-117 calorimetry. 7-9 inverting filter centrifuge. 17-17 to 17-18 centrifugal filtration: Ekman layers. 7-16 two-phase decanter. 18-143 to 18-146 butanol. 24-39 absorption in NaOH. 7-35 18-128 bottom products. 8-59 heterogeneous. 18-140 feed acceleration power. 13-12 homogeneous 1D model. 18-142 momentum transfer. 19-33 cake porosity. budget control. pump behavior. 7-22 batch filtering centrifuges. 18-138 curve. multifunctional reactor. 6-41 gas-liquid solid.1 materials). 18-131 to 18-132 flat plate. 18-133 to 18-134 film boiling. 13-13 cylindrical-conical screen-bowl. variation w/rpm. 19-27 to 19-30 cake dryness. 18-129 group contributions for Nannoolal method. 18-116 cis-2: types of. 9-28 scroll screen. 24-37 saturated: disc stack. 13-9 fluidized beds. 7-18 pharma peeler centrifuge. 13-86 19-32 filtering centrifuges. 8-61 fixed beds. 13-101 cash flow. 18-117 Butler-Volmer equation. 18-117 butene: monolith catalysts. 2-232 to 2-233 homogeneous 2D model. 18-122 boiling. normal. 5-15 namic properties. 18-133 continuous cylindrical surface. 18-123 steam-generator circulation system. 18-118 fuel consumption. 18-137 boiling point: cascade factor. 12-74 pusher product moisture gradient. 18-138 bubble tube. 18-124 intermolecular interaction corrections. 8-87 heterogeneous 2D model. 2-234 to 2-235 examples. bromine. 18-117 capacitance probes. 7-32 Coriolis acceleration. 7-35 installation. 19-36 18-115 butryil acid. booster relays. 13-99 cumulative cash position plot. sedimentation. 24-37 carbon tetrachloride: bottom unloading vertical basket. 8-57. 19-33 to 19-36 cake conveyance power. INDEX 3 boilers (Cont. residual. 2-245 installation. 18-132 cylindrical boundary layer. 18-138 industrial: thermodynamic properties. 9-25. 18-140 bubbling FBCs. 19-31 to expression. 8-90 cathode. 19-31 costs. 9-10 to 9-17 centrifugal filtration (Cont. 8-62 catalyst poisoning. 5-14 cascade control. 7-19 top suspended vertical centrifuges. 18-139 circulating FBCs. 8-82 dewatering or deliquoring.): capital cost estimation. 19-36 centripetal and centrifugal acceleration. 6-40 to 6-41 catalytic reactions. electrochemical reaction. saturated. 6-41 fluid-solid. detector. 18-115 to 18-118 VLE data. 8-60 maintenance. thermodynamic properties. catalysis. 18-130 reheat cycle. 18-132 calculation methods. 18-125 Pailhes method. 24-39 temperature ratings for. 7-10 to 18-129 broad-spectrum noise. 18-126 superheaters and reheaters. 18-136 K-value versus pressure. 19-30 to 19-33 cylindrical or conical pusher centrifuge. photos and sketches: fuel characteristics. 24-37 10-128 to 10-129 centrifuge equipment. 2-240 to 2-244. 18-137 initial (IBP). fluid-bed. thermodynamic properties. 13-14 thermal conductivity. 19-35 centrifuge rotor stress. 2-245 peeler cross section. 18-115 . 18-115 cation and anion exchangers. 24-37 2-200 theory. 9-27 pusher solids transport representation. principles diagram. inverted filter. 17-18 costs: Ekman number. 18-131 2-474 solid. 5-14 to 5-15 to 2-247 pusher cross section. 8-55 purchase. 18-133 bubble point temperature. 24-38 carbon steel materials. 13-100 example of. biological reactions. tabular values for minimum centrifugal separation. 18-132 to 18-133 continuous flat surface.5 materials). 18-135 true (TBP). 9-29 sedicanter. 9-10 heterogeneous 1D model. 2-236 to 2-237 moving beds.): fluidized-bed: carbon dioxide: filtering. 18-140 to 18-142 thermodynamic properties. 12-26 labor. 18-119 package boilers. 7-28 siphon peeler centrifuge. 18-115 butterfly valve. 18-116 utility steam generators: temperatures without impact testing for. 18-126 Nannoolal method. 7-16 horizontal peeler centrifuge. solid. 10-109 industrial centrifuges. 18-133 nucleate boiling. 19-36 clarification. 18-131 maximum heat flux. 8-90 effectiveness. 7-22 centrifuge equipment: bolometer. 9-11. 8-44 top-suspended. 24-37 Antoine vapor pressure. 18-136 pool boiling. 7-16 18-128 2-231 solid-liquid. 19-32 introduction. 8-42 catalytic cracking. 19-29 cake liquid saturation. 6-41 biocatalysis. 2-471 to 2-476 cumulative cash position. 18-141 g-acceleration. 9-27 siphon peeler cross section. 19-32 18-138 burst mode. 16-41 to 16-42 conditions and product yields. 18-120 closed-loop system. 24-33 to 24-35 chemical reaction: bulk density. 24-44 cake-slurry interface. 24-31 chemical systems. See suspension firing enthalpy-pressure. 24-6 decanter centrifuges. 8-13 column pressure. 2-145. 2-248 characteristics. 3-17 properties table. 24-44 to 24-45 yield. 18-119 classification. 16-45 characteristics for heat engines. 22-38 transient centrifugation theory. 24-16 polymer dosage. 6-42 to 6-43 wash ratio. 24-5 combustion. 7-14 fouling. 24-6 flammability limits. 16-41 coating flows. 18-117 plate models. 17-23. solid fuels: chemisorption. control of. thermodynamic properties. 18-116 displacement development. 16-42. 24-22 yield stress. 24-32 chemical sensors. 24-45 centrifugal gravity. 24-32 unimolecular. 24-13 suspension firing. 24-21 Rossby number. 24-5 dew point vs. 7-31 gasification. 24-6 pressure atomizers. 18-116 gradient. 24-5 theoretical oxygen and air. 18-120 tailing peaks. 18-75 pitch. 24-12 commodity plants. 16-47 direct hydrogenation. general principles (Cont. 18-115 isocratic. 16-41 typical systems. 18-120 closed loop. 24-15 2-143 chromatographs. 24-6 18-126 to 18-127 identities. 18-118 to 18-127 reversed-phase. 24-18 volumentric and solids throughput. 24-31 to 24-32 trimolecular. control of. 12-53 liquefaction. 7-5 free-swelling index. 2-251 entranced bed. 7-7 origin. 18-116 elution. 24-16 to 24-21 performance criteria. 7-5 mean specific heat. 16-38 chemicals from syngas. use in control. 8-71 chloroform: coal-derived gas compositions. 16-38. 24-5 nozzle-mix. 9-35 Antoine vapor pressure. 24-5 gas burners: check valves. 18-118 circular trigonometric functions. 24-12 to 24-21 fluidized-bed combustion. 24-12 to 24-16 combustion systems. 18-120 circular. 24-17 vibrational harmonics. 24-18 to 24-19 recovery. 24-6 illustrations of different types. 16-41 background. 24-4 staged. 24-6 to 18-121 types: medium-temperature. 9-36 residue map. 18-127 Sanmatsu Kogyo process. 18-78 low-temperature. 24-6 knife-discharge centrifugal clarifers. 16-39 background.): chromatography: coal liquefaction. 24-7 dry. 24-17 sedimentation and filtering centrifuges. 24-31 to 24-32 stoichiometry. 8-62 temperature profiles. 8-66 theoretical considerations. See fuel-bed firing chlorine: production diagram. 2-250 coal gasification. 24-5 fully premixed. 24-44 sedimentation centrifuges. 24-13 comparison of alternative investments. 18-119 to 18-120 clarifiers: high-temperature. chromatographic analyzers. 18-115 ion exchange. 3-16 description. 18-74 needle. background: tubular-bowl centrifuges. 24-6 to 24-7 multichamber centrifuges. 24-6 combustion. 8-74 combustion. 16-45 kinetics. 13-79 current technology. 24-20 to 24-21 power consumption. 24-23 cesium. 24-6 products. 9-36 saturated: gasifier types: complex reactions. 24-6 imperforate bowl test. 24-14 composition of selected refrigerant mixtures. liquid fuels. 16-39 direct liquefaction 24-17 to 24-19 solids purity. 24-23 chain reaction mechanism. 24-6 atomizers. 24-14 complex variables. 3-27 to 3-29 choke. 12-24 to 12-25 columns. 7-30 coal char. 16-58 choice of fuel. industrial waster. 12-6. 18-115 frontal analysis. 3-16 to 3-17 coke. 18-74 petroleum. 24-12 to 24-14 liquids. 24-14 compressibilities: chopped light system. 2-249 chemical reactions. 24-22 selection. 18-120 clarifer-thickner. 24-18 thickening. 16-43 coal-oil coprocessing. 8-63 sulfur content. 24-21 to 24-22 change of state alarm. 4-35 Hargrove grindability index. 3-16 types of: disc nozzle centrifuges. 18-75 colorimetric detection selective oxidation. 8-60 composition. See coal liquefaction fuel-bed firing. 8-5 combined wave. 16-38. 24-5 partially premixed. 18-117 Gaussian peak. 18-120 to 18-121 single angle relations. 16-38 process diagram. 12-18 moisture-free. 24-6 liquid-slurry interface. 24-22 to 24-23 chain or tape float gauge. 3-16 to 3-17 foundry. 7-38 mercury emissions. 8-67 as-received. 16-42 cogeneration. 24-5 various fuel characteristics. 18-120 inclined plate. 18-74 collision theory. 24-19. 18-120 coal. 13-7 to 13-9 gasification-based power systems. 22-38 saturated: background. 24-6 screenbowl centrifuges. 24-16 net present worth method. 24-23 charcoal. sulfur content. pollutants. 16-41 Exxon donor solvent process. See coal gasification combustion Chilton-Colburn analogy. 24-31 to 24-32 bimolecular. 24-31 chemical reactors. 16-44 commercial operations. 8-44 reserves by region. See fluidized-bed chemostat. 8-79 ultimate analysis. 9-36 VLE data. 16-4 coal conversion. 8-62 solids concentration. 24-6 to 24-7 continuous centrifugal sedimentation theory. 24-32 to 24-35 Chebyshev method. gaseous fuels. 8-47 thermodynamic properties. ash-free. 24-7 combustion. 18-117 operation.4 INDEX centrifuge equipment. 17-27 sedicanter. 18-120 instrumentation. saturated. 24-22 chain reactions. 8-62 heating value. common angle values. 24-14 comparators. 18-121 to 18-125 plane trigonometry. 24-16 cash flow method. 24-44 Amblers sigma factor. 18-74 collection efficiency. 18-140 coal-ash: flame speed. 7-5 size stability. 24-7 manual disc stack centrifuges. 7-14 composition. 24-4 to 24-6 available heats. 24-33 chemical composition analyzers V. 24-5 twin-fluid. 18-125 closed-loop time constant. 18-125 to 18-126 rectangular. 24-4 excess air. 24-33 chemical dynamics determination. 18-16 curves. 8-43 spin-tube tests. 18-17 resolution. 18-120 solids contact. 24-33 gas phase. 16-32 tricanter centrifuges. 24-6 oil burners. 24-17 to 24-18 throughput capacity. 24-33 chemical equilibrium. general control system. 18-117 peak skew. 8-80 fluidized bed. 18-125 secondary. See global reactions thermodynamic properties. tray and packed bed. 8-62 moving bed. 18-117 to 18-118 peak assmmetry factor. 18-118 to 18-119 closed-circuit cooling. 13-14 cost of gasification-based power systems. 7-6 self-cleaning disc centrifuges. 24-14 to 24-16 uniform annual cost (USC) method. 24-5 flame temperature. 2-144 . pollutants. 7-17 physical properties: system illustrations. ): R 407A. thermodynamics. continuous-flow. 10-54 to 10-56 design. 8-70 fluid. 5-7 to 5-12. 10-47 one-dimensional. 8-16 stress cracking. 10-54 controlling rate factor. 7-8 common. 5-5 forced-draft tower. 22-39 cooling range. 12-19 open inlet-valve unloaders. 8-17. 8-73 intergranular. 8-6 time of contact. impellers. 10-56 coiled tubes. 5-6 to 5-7 induced-draft tower. 8-72 to 8-73 oxygen-concentration cell. 8-73 embrittlement. 8-49 cavitation.and three-dimensional. 5-3 to 5-6 counterflow. 12-26 graphitic. 25-16 prevention techniques. partial pressures. 9-17 circular tubes. 1-17 efficiency curve. 9-17 conversion factors: adiabatic flow with friction in a duct of constant computers in process control. 8-69. 12-17 three-step control. 5-12 compressibility factor. basis for modeling. 10-42 constant-rate period. 8-80 tower characteristic. 7-8 common. isothermal gas flow in pipes and channels. 5-13 cooling towers. 25-4. basis for modeling. 12-21 compressors. 2-143 computer controllers.): computational fluid dyanamics. 10-52 forced convection. 16-25 velocity acceleration. 10-52 to 10-57 comparison. 10-42 conservation of mass. 10-48 conduction. multivariable optimization. U. 25-9 rotator thrust problems. 1-18 polytropic curve. 8-34 anodic protection. 8-69 types of. 5-9 to 5-12 high-temperature attack. 2-144 personal. convection. use in control. 10-70 controller: fretting. 25-6 centrifugal. 10-45 heat source. 10-70 specified. 8-54 concentration effects. 5-10 expansivity. 10-56 falling films. 10-47 two. 6-22 condensation. 5-14 formulas: adiabatic calculations. forced convection (Cont. 10-68 control alarm. 25-9 to 25-10 positive-displacement. 5-3 to 5-4 fogging and plume abatement. 10-52 convection. 10-54 single-loop. 10-56 external flows. 8-72 hydrogen embrittlement. 7-8 computerized cost estimation. 6-22 to 6-26 ASPENTECH ICARUS 2000. 25-23 screw-type. 5-14 temperature. 25-6 surge. 25-4 to 25-6 seal problems. 10-44 vapor shear controling. values of. 16-32 cathodic protection. 12-20 five-step control. 10-70 control switches. 10-42 horizontal tubes. 17-39 applications. 5-14 units. 25-5 wear points in the bearing. 10-68 continuous variable approximation method. 25-10 blade coating. 5-12 to 5-14 1-12 to 1-13 to 6-23 coefficients. 6-24 concentration types. 8-46 compression processes. 25-6 pressure and velocity through. 10-47 8-34 thermal performance. 6-22 banks of horizontal tubes. centrifugal problems. 8-73 non-newtonian flows. 1-20 corporate information systems. 1-14 to 1-16 adiabatic frictionless nozzle flow. 25-5 configurations. 7-30 design considerations. 10-48 conductormeteric analysis. 25-5 compressor map. 10-70 control systems design and simulation. 25-9 reciprocating. 1-21 cross section. 5-12 to 5-14 SI. 8-16 galvanic. 2-146. 12-19 nonlubricatied cylinders. 10-46 mechanisms. 5-9 CBD. determination of. 5-9 to 5-10 cathodic depolarization. pollutants. 5-10 structural stability. 10-56 fin efficiency. 5-11 to 5-12 apparatus. 12-19 reciprocating compressors. 10-69 control network. 5-5 to 5-6 horsepower chart applications. compressibility factors. 17-39 cooling pond. basis for modeling. 5-14 kinematic-viscosity. 25-10 barrel-type compressor. 25-6 journal bearing failures. double-acting water-cooled confidence level. 5-11 to 5-12 laboratory testing. 8-36 fatigue. 10-53 reliability and application trends. 10-56 horizontal tubes. 25-17 impeller problems. 12-20 metallic diaphragm. 10-56 fineed tubes. 10-46 two. 10-40 to 10-48 Stefan-flow mechanism.S. 8-5 calculations. 5-11 AC impedance. 1-17 corrosion: compressors. 10-69 lower and upper. INDEX 5 compressibilities (Cont. 5-12 compressible flow. 12-19 control devices. 8-59 to 8-60 polytropic. 10-42 conservation of momentum. 12-17 to 12-22 4-16 to 4-17 scrubbing. 8-6. 8-8 dealloying. 25-20 . 10-46 conservation of energy. 7-37 spray pond. 8-38 film. 12-21 high-pressure. 12-18 theory of. compressibility factors. alphabetical listing of. 10-47 unsteady-state. 10-44 gas law. 25-14 sliding-vane type. 5-12 to 5-14 U. 25-5 impeller fabrication. theory. 10-52 multiloop. 8-31 hydrogren attack. 5-6 to 5-7 mechanical draft tower. 10-53. 10-69 continuous measurements. 5-12. 7-29 to 7-30 isothermal. 1-3 to 1-11 compression. 12-26 copolymerization. 10-45 vertical intube condensation. 8-31 crevice. film-type condensation. 8-69. 12-21 closed-suction unloaders. 8-6 water makeup. 10-45 steady-state. 10-70 control valves. 10-47 one-dimensional. 18-26. 10-54 tuning. 5-11 inhibitors. 25-10 to 25-11 failure. 8-73 liquid-metal. 5-3 to 5-7 cross-flow tower. 12-19 selection. 25-6 compressors. 10-42 fundamental physical. 8-72 vertical tubes. 7-8 factors: convergent/divergent nozzles (De Laval nozzles). 2-143 6-47 to 6-49 tube banks. 5-7 natural draft tower 12-21 piston-rod packing. 25-10 rotary. 10-68 control limits: EMF. gas. 8-63 new technologies. 12-21 single-stage. customary to SI units. 25-19 straight-lobe type. 25-9 to 25-10 fouling. 5-12 conveyor dryers. 10-47 condensers. 8-74 erosion. 5-10 to 5-12 R 407B. 25-9 rotary. 25-3 thrust bearing failures. 10-69 contact discontinuity. 25-6 air compressors. 10-56 noncircular ducts. 7-8 metric.S. 1-2 work. 10-42 constants: Coriolis mass flowmeters. 12-21 compressor. 12-21 valve losses. 1-17 6-24 to 6-26 volumetric concentration. customary and commonly used units to SI Mach number and speed of sound. 25-4 causes. 10-68 continuous models. 10-52 performance. exact numerical multitples of SI units. 10-67 constrained optimization. 12-20 adiabatic. 25-12 to 25-24 liquid-piston type. 5-5 cycles of concentration. 6-23 to 6-24 mole fractions. 25-4 fabrication techniques. 12-20 clearance unloaders. 12-19 performance characteristics of. 5-12 solids. 25-16 axial-flow. 25-6 choke or stonewall. 10-47 resistances. 10-45 dropwise. 10-47 conjugate gradient.and three-dimentional. 10-56 round tubes. 17-30 stress accelarated corrosion.): cyclone separators. 25-13 to 11-103 exit contraction. control of. 2-96 instrumentation of. 25-25 thermal properties. 11-99 De Priester charts. 2-122 critical properties. 18-58 degree of polymerization. 8-45 solubility and phase diagrams. uniflow. 11-99 thermodynamic properties. 2-468 to 2-471 CSTR: n-propyl alcohol. 18-48 to 18-50 ethyl alcohol. 2-468 to 2-471 specifications. 2-468. 9-10 examples. study. 11-109 axial cyclone. 8-10 multi-informational probes. 25-11 gas purification. 7-32 miscellaneous solids and liquids. 25-19 thermodynamic analyses of cycles. 25-17 expanders. 25-8 direct-contact-refrigeration crystallizer. 17-15 organic. 2-114 cost of capital. 17-32 Fourier transform technique. 7-23 gas probes. 16-9 liquid level. fuel and energy. 11-103 to 11-104 cyclone efficiency. 25-13 to 11-107 solids loading. 2-124 to 2-125 pressure. 8-13. 25-20 flammability and explosion hazards. 17-32 solution-composition. 25-24 to 25-28 to 18-53 decontamination index. 18-40 to 18-41. 18-53 decane. 17-35. 25-15 materials and construction hazards. 9-9 heat effects. 2-138 to 2-142 to 18-40 methyl alcohol. 8-55 linear polarization resistance probes. 9-10 coefficient of variation. 9-10 fractional crystallization. 2-121 countercurrent evaporator. performance of jaw crusher. 17-34 environmental cracking. 17-35 crevice corrosion prediction. 18-42 to 18-44 hydrazine. 11-109 to 11-110 inlet loading. 18-58 and vapors. 11-110 particle acceleration. 2-468 to 2-471 tracers. specific gravities compressibility factor. 2-115 detailed. 25-6 classified-suspension crystallizer. 2-497 . 25-26 cryogenic service. 11-109 cyclone design alternatives. 2-120 Ambrose. 25-23 high pressure gas hazards. 17-21. uniflow cyclone. 17-34 linings.): cryogenic processes. 9-11 geometry of growth. 9-10 crystal formation. 25-22 physiological hazards. 18-81 plant testing. 18-57 to 18-58 to2-123 calculation methods. 25-26 equipment. 17-32 planned interval. 11-104 cyclone inlets. thermodynamic properties. 2-468 current efficiency. 18-39 to 18-50 densities of aqueous inorganic solutions at 1 atm. 25-26 storage and transfer systems. 17-35 test piece. 11-100 effectiveness. 8-89 selected elements as a function of temperature. 17-39 densities of pure substances: crushing. 25-11 11-106 cyclone solids-return seal. 11-107 dead polymer. grass roots. uniform. 7-32 and densities. 2-470 current density. 25-19 safety. 2-252 to 253 critical point. 18-58 defoamers. 18-50 to 18-51 deflagration indices and pressure for selected gases weight loss probes. 17-32 immersion. 17-33. 23-13 cost control. 11-99 to 11-100 MIC: electrical properties. 2-468 to 2-470 modeling. 18-39 to 18-58 dead-time dominant. 11-100 electrochemical noise monitoring probes. 11-109 cyclone collectors. 11-103 cyclone roughness. 11-105 spiral cyclone. 17-31 slow scan. 25-25 operation. 11-100 deactivation. catalytic reactions. 11-99 to 11-109 residue map. 14-129 cost estimation. 13-70 saturated liquid water from the triple point to the cryogenic fluids. 18-58 dead-time element. 17-32 EIS. 17-27 polarization probes. 8-76 dead time. 17-28 to 17-31 cleaning. 9-10 principles of crystallization. 2-116 critical moisture content. properties of. 18-44 2-104 to 2-114 quality of. 17-30 glass-lined. 25-26 crystallizer. in process measurement. 2-118 preliminary. 11-108 to 11-109 cyclone. 17-29 Tafel region. 24-12 product purity. 16-67 battery limits. 11-106 theoretical particle size. 19-8 oxalic acid. 11-104 required cyclone length. 22-36 bulk. 25-16 pressure. 9-10 nuclei formation rate. 25-26 draft-tube-baffle (DTB) evaporator. 8-27 pressure probes. 18-39 ethyl alcohol and water mixtures.6 INDEX corrosion. 18-40 miscellaneous organic compounds. 18-40 glycerol. 11-110 multiclones. 18-81 pH probes. 2-468 to 2-471 cut-power correlation. 18-42 formic acid. continuous: pH. 18-52 equipment. 2-98 to 2-103 crushing and grinding. 18-50 to 18-57 death rate. 25-8 to 25-9 Armstrong crystallizer. 2-121 costs. properties of. control valve consideration. 18-41 to 18-44 densities of aqueous organic solutions: definitive. 19-15 to 19-16 densities of miscellaneous materials: Joback. 25-11 helium and natural gas systems separation. 25-26 crystallization from solution. 11-109 proportions. laboratory testing (Cont. 2-468 to 2-471 cut diameter. 17-36 density. 25-20 temperature. 17-36 electrical resistance. 8-61 flow. 2-120 critical constants. 11-100 design factors. 25-7 to 25-8 types of insulation. See grinding and crushing cyclohexane: mercury from 0 to 350°C. 11-103 helical cyclone. 11-109 barrel friction. 2-497 to 2-504. 25-22 insulation principles. 17-32 linear polarization. 8-18 MIC probes. 18-44 to 18-47 acetic acid. pollutants. instrumentation of (Cont. 17-35 potentiodynamic polarization. 25-26 costs. 7-23 heat flux. 8-86 hydrostatic testing. 25-17 separation and purification systems. decoupling control system. 17-21 2-125 volume. specific gravity. 25-23 process equipment. 17-31 potentiostat. 2-468 to 2-471 current-to-pressure transducer. 9-10 crystallizers with fines removal. control of. 25-16 miniature refrigerators. types and applications. 2-254 to 2-255 parting. 7-23 electrical resistance probes. 18-41 2-119 requirements for. 9-10 crystal nucleation and growth. 11-101 gas flow reversal. 11-107 to 11-108 power rate law. 11-103 inlet contraction. 7-30 classification of 9-10 recovery period. 12-26 yield. 11-107 dead band. 8-47 inorganic and organic liquids. 18-39 isopropyl alcohol. 17-35 slow-strain rate. 7-19 oxydation. 9-10 magma (slurry) density. 21-58 cyclical batch. 11-109 particle collection efficiency curve. structural properties. 17-35 ceramic. 17-36 metallic. 25-11 solids. 25-18 expansion types of refrigerators. 18-52 decantation. two-bed. 18-51 design. 2-113. temperature. 2-16 Fedors’. 9-10 crystallography. 25-26 double-pipe scraped-surface crystallizer. 18-47 ethyl alcohol and water mixtures. 2-97 cryogenic processes. 17-35 gases. See product polymer ion probes. 25-11. 2-117 order-of-magnitude. 25-23 refrigeration and liquefaction. 25-12 air-separation systems. 25-22 heat exchangers. 13-8 to 13-11 25-26 superconductivity. 18-58 deionizing system. 3-35 liquid-liquid dispersion stability. 13-58 difference equations. 23-38 digital valve controller. 24-41 pressure swing. 16-53 accentric deviations Z(1) from compressibility continuity. 5-45 equilibrium stage correct. 7-36 azeotropic. 8-67 in packed beds. 3-36 wear-related surface alterations. 8-68 13-25 to 13-27 23-39 production controls. 15-43 tray efficiencies. 5-54 to 5-57 overall column. 13-25. 23-38 safety. 2-502 differential transformer. 2-502 differentials. 3-20 immiscible liquids. 13-52 to 13-55 low leak rate. 3-19 to 3-21 distillation: calculation methods. 13-116 cubic equation of state relationships. 13-4 mixtures. 8-63 to 15-44 specifications. 13-93 to 13-98 23-40 discrete device states. 8-49 application. 3-35 dispersion units. 13-46 to 13-55 limitation of effects of failures. single station. 13-65 to 13-67 derating factors. 15-43 to 15-44 thermodynamic data and models. 2-501 derivatives. 13-5 variable coefficients. 15-42 systems. 16-31 trays. 13-55 calculation methods. response curve. 2-503 estimation of liquids. 2-502 differential data analysis. 13-89 to 13-91 MACRS modified accelerated cost recovery self-diffusivity. 15-72 region diagrams. 13-59 method of undetermined coefficients. design procedures. 13-114 Soave equation of state. 16-22 to 16-23. 23-38 properties. 13-56 to 13-58 Spencer-Danner-Li method. 5-52 solvent effects. 13-116 cubic equation of state. 7-25 definition of. liquid-liquid. 13-99 to 13-109 making status clear. INDEX 7 density. 13-87 Lee-Kesler method constants for two refer. 16-20 operation. 13-82 to 13-83 incident investigation and human error. 13-25 to 13-55 derivation. 13-72 to 13-77 deuterium oxide (heavy water). 13-43 density function theory. 13-9 recommendations for prevention/mitigation. 8-87 to 8-88 nonequilibrium modeling. 3-36 Sauter-mean diameter. 8-86 heat integration. 13-6 to 13-15 nonhomogeneous. in control systems. 13-85 tolerance. 23-39 discharge coefficient. 3-18 azetropic. 5-45. 13-116 Peng-Robinson equation of state. 3-19 distance-velocity lag. binary systems. 13-5. 8-10 factor for a simple fluid. partial. 13-58 to 13-67 dielectric constant. 13-102 simplification. 9-21 tracer. 15-41 thermodynamic efficiency. 13-16 device-level diagnostics. 5-50 to 5-53 degrees of freedom and design variables. 8-13 binary calculations. 5-51 analysis. 2-256 to 2-257 breakthrough behavior. 13-87 compressibility factors Z(0) for a simple fluid. 16-13 petroleum. 13-103 to 13-108 substitution. 15-42 direct split. 3-19 to 3-20 design. 2-504 multicomponent mixtures. 13-7 . 15-42-15-43 three-phase. 2-503 binary mixtures. 15-41 to 15-42 phase equilibrium data. 2-503 diffusivity. 8-68 Fenske-Underwood-Gilliland (FUG). 2-502 differential gap. 5-52 efficiencies. 23-39 dimensional analysis. 9-22 mass. thermodynamic properties. 13-43 to 13-44 Goodman method. 8-54 modeling. 23-39 dimensionless concentration variables. 5-53 definitions. 13-15 dew-point method. 8-62 Weber number. 13-25. 13-28 to 13-30 ease of control. axial: single stage equilibrium flash calculations. 13-43 to 13-44 calculation methods. 12-4. 3-36 solid-surface wettability. 13-109 to 13-116 ence fluids. 13-85 Lee-Kesler method. 7-38 multicomponent mixtures. 9-22 digital controllers. 2-503 binary mixtures. 15-41 indirect split. 13-6 to 13-14 reduction of order. actions needed for safer and user-friendly plants. 2-504 correlations. 5-50 solvent selection. 5-45 graphical methods. 7-21 simple. 13-11 to 13-14 Rackett method. discrete control models. 16-25 adiabatic flash. 23-39 diphenyl. 13-94. 13-95 determinant. 13-16 diaphragm elements. 8-76 Maxwell-Stefan approach. 3-35 Marangoni instabilities. 2-497 functional notation. 3-88 to 3-89 software. 8-68 Kremser method. 15-43 tower configurations. 3-35 phase dispersal factors. 5-53 to 5-58 Murphree. 8-27 disperser plate. 3-34 to 3-36 holdup. 23-38 digital valves. 13-88 to 13-89 system. 3-18 to 3-19 batch. 13-109 Rackett method. 13-87 to 13-93 depreciation. 13-81 to 13-85 2-500 L’Hospital’s Theorem. 5-50 to 5-52 to 13-58 cubic equation of state. 13-16 to 13-25 example of. 13-68. 15-43 pretractionator. solid. 13-61 to 13-63 substitution. 13-16 dew-point temperature. 9-21 tables. 13-5 IRS publication 535. 15-41 dividing wall columns. 13-58 homogeneous. 7-9 discrete measurements. 13-55 making incorrect assembly impossible. 5-57 to 5-58 Taylor-Baur-Krishna (TBK). 5-45 extractive. 15-41 isothermal flash. 13-114 Tsonopoulos method. 13-6 to 13-25. 16-35 to 13-16 deviation alarms. 9-21 digital field communications. 8-8 reactive. 13-65 to 13-67 Riccati difference equation. 3-19 entrainer selection. 8-59 pseudocritical point. 2-503 diffusion in porous solids. 8-65 continuation methods. 2-503 supercritical mixtures. 8-42 constant level.): differential calculus: displacement purge. 13-109 to 13-110 calculation methods. 13-43 depletion. 13-91 to 13-93 depreciation class lives. 23-38 to 23-41 digital technology for process control. 8-68 inside-out method. 5-45 design/optimization. 13-35 to 13-39 straight-line. 15-43 thermally coupled. 23-39 dimethylpropane (neopentane). 8-59 characteristic diameter. 13-59 to 13-64 factorization. 23-38 2-260 pitchfork boundary. 5-58 to 5-59 with recifilation. 13-35 design. 14-41 digital hardware in process control. 3-20 to 3-21 batch. 9-21 mutual. 2-503 differential pressure controller. thermodynamic applications. 13-110 to 13-111 liquids. saturated. 2-499 operations. 13-15 drop size. 8-18 digital systems. 8-69 multicomponent methods. 13-97 software. 13-33 intensification or minization. 13-15 properties. moisture measurement. 2-258 to 2-259 characterization. gases (Cont. process safety. measurement devices. 23-39 regulatory controls. 3-36 interfacial area. 8-68 tearing method. 8-89 dispersion fundamentals. thermodynamic dispersion. 9-22 interdiffusion coefficient. 13-59 to 13-64 method of variation of parameters. 8-68 simultaneous convergence. 2-498 diffusion. 23-39 direct-fired combustion equipment. 2-209. 13-81 to 13-87. 8-50 design/implementation. 8-64 multicomponent calculations. 23-38 real-time optimization. differentiation. 3-35 emulsion breakage. 8-5 McCabe-Thiele. 13-33 attenuation or moderation. 13-96 to 13-97 dessicant cooling cycle flow diagram. 13-94 detuning. 13-55 solids. 2-503 estimation of gas. 2-503 diffusion limitations. 13-33 knock-on effects. 16-59 discrete logic. 2-499 limits. 8-70. 3-19 operation. 12-72. in control analysis. 12-43 potential and ionization. 24-52 fluid-bed granulators. types of. 12-67 to 12-68 drying kinetics. 12-43. 12-63 gravity settling chambers. 12-65 vacuum freeze dryers. 17-26 drying equipment (solids): ceramic tunnel kiln. 17-59 fuel avoidance. 17-52 account title. tuning rule in control. 17-38 to 17-39 boiler thermal efficiency. 12-29 fiber-bed. high-temperature EP. 12-47 cyclone design factors. 12-44. 17-57 flue gas pollutant removal. dryers. 12-47 case of vortex. 17-30 to 17-31 economizers: film dryers. 17-52 to 17-55 Eckert pressure-drop correlation. 12-53 dust separation. 12-43 performance. 8-18 pneumatic conveying dryers. 12-82 performance curves. tuning rule in control. 12-48 to 12-63 to 12-64 sonic or acoustic agglomeration. 12-109 packed-bed. 24-52 12-82 to 12-87 coal combustion fly-ash. 24-51 fluid-bed dryers. 12-55. 12-74. 8-86 gravity or moving bed dryers. 12-47 to 17-36 economic project. moisture transport mechanisms. 17-54 to 17-55 14-58 dispersion. 12-44. 8-18 layer dryers. 9-5 gas circuit. 17-15 continuous sheeting dryers. 17-55 8-72. solids feeders. 17-27 to 12-81 vacuum horizontal agitated and rotary dryers. 17-27 direct Roto-Louvre dryer. 17-42 to 17-43 batch through-circulation dryers. 12-29 to 12-30 mechanical. 12-44. 12-59 drying software. 12-73 drying curve. 17-15 paddle dryers. 12-59. 12-89 flow pattern. 12-56 mass and energy balances. fluosolids. 17-27 12-80 to 12-81 relative drying rate. 12-51 rotary atomizer 12-91 to 12-93. 12-67 dumb transmitters. 12-46. 17-43 vertical pan dryer. electrical precipitators (Cont. 17-62 dominant lag. 8-29. 12-77 drying operations. thermodynamic properties. 12-4 screw conveyor and indirect rotary dryers. 12-56 cyclone efficiency. 17-55 to 17-56 to 2-262 plate dryers. 17-42 heated agitators. 12-52 to 12-54 12-54. 24-52 to 24-54 fluidization velocity. 23-14 12-45. 12-87 to 12-89 applications of. 12-87 collection efficiency. 12-74. 8-69. 17-56 conventional. 8-46 cyclone arrangements. 12-45. 12-29 polydisperse test dust. 9-4 residence time. 12-45. 17-43 to 17-45 efficiency graph. 12-43. 12-45. Dukler theory. 17-37 to 17-39 condensing. 12-101 to 12-104 drying of solids. 17-40 horizontal pan dryer. 17-28 to 17-63 direct rotary dryers. 24-52 freeze dryers. 12-47 commercial equipment and operations. 17-42 cascading rotary dryers. 12-25 to 12-109 mobile-bed. 12-90 to 12-98 gas pressure drops. purpose of. dust clouds. 2-261 pan dryers. 12-89 mathematical modeling. 12-85 performance models. 16-14 12-99 resistivity issues. 12-87. 12-30 to 12-35 self-induced spray. conventional transmitter. 24-52 filterdryers. packed towers. 17-31 to 17-32 collateral combustion emissions. 17-55 to 17-63 environmental benefits. 16-14 solids return seals. 17-59 double-entry bookkeeping. 12-42. 17-57 distributed database. 12-54. 12-84 conditioning agents. fitting to experimental data. 12-64 to 12-65. 12-46. 12-86 pressure drop. 12-67 vibrating tray. 17-26 12-50 belt conveyor or screen conveyor. 12-34 spray. 12-72. 8-16. 24-54 continuous contact fluid beds. 12-34 venturi. 24-53 continuous fluid beds. 12-86 electrical precipitators. 17-41 to 17-42 continuous agitated dryers. 17-43 tumbler or double-cone dryers. 12-42 air-filtration theory. 12-71. 8-30 12-44. 12-45. debit side. 17-61 Donnan uptake. 12-75 tower dryers. 12-45 Duhem’s theorem. 8-12 cylinder dryers. 12-78 air-filter types. 17-43 agitated flash dryers. charging of particles. 17-46 heat/mass balance. 17-35 receipts. 12-29 to 12-30 electronically agumented. 12-26 to 12-28 plate tower. impingement separators. 17-56 to 17-57 dodecane. 17-47 to 17-49 to 12-56 spray dryers. 12-104 to 12-105 current flow. 8-50. 17-57 technologies. 12-44 ejector venturi. 4-27 to 4-28 dynamic compensation. 17-59 water vapor latent heat.): dust collection. 12-42. mechanisms. 17-32 to 17-33 9-41 to 9-53 entrainment dryers. 17-14 indirect rotary calciner. 17-24 calculations of dimensions. 12-50. 24-52 . 17-52 to 17-54 economc journal. execution and analysis. collection efficiency. 12-44. gas-flow pattern. 17-26 to 17-27 drying (solids) equipment selection. 12-79 to 12-80 thermodynamics. use in control. 12-45. 12-89 to 12-90 8-66 simulation. 8-7 dielectric (RF and microwave) dryers. 12-51 stenters and textile dryers. combustion data for. 12-89 fields of applications. 12-56 to 12-61 mechanical centrifugal separators. 17-49 to 17-51 dryer. 12-51 tray and compartment dryers. 8-41 drying equipment (solids) (Cont. 12-68 period of drying. 17-28 scale up effects. 12-50 spouted bed dryers. 12-63 high-pressure. 17-60 to 17-63 credit side. 12-77. 17-46 to 17-47 drying time. 17-49 dryer modeling. 12-56. 17-29 acid dew point. 17-40 to 17-41 direct rotary kiln. 8-22 continuous through circulation band dryers. 12-73 Dubinin-Radushkerich equation. 12-42. 12-97 to rapping. 12-59. 12-46 particle mobility. 12-97 granular-bed filters. 12-72 mass balance equations. 9-4 ring dryers. 12-28 to 12-29 cyclones. 9-4 gas-solids separations. 12-70. 17-42 centrifuge dryers. 24-54 direct heat vibrating conveyor dryer. 12-45. 12-86 applications. 9-4 drum dryers. 24-52 to 24-54 continuous backmix beds. 12-72. field strength. 12-40 characteristic drying curve. 17-28 to 17-36 example of. 5-14 dynamic models. 8-70 infrared dryers. 17-56 flue gas sensible heat. 17-36 to 17-43 agitated and rotating batch dryers. 17-41 classification. air filters. 17-36 incremental model. 12-90 Kozeny-Carman equation.): distributed control system. 12-63 Stefan flow. 17-56 water dew point. 12-71 to 12-81 characteristic moisture content.8 INDEX distillation column. 17-18 12-43 filter fabrics. control of. 17-29 invoices. 12-61 to 12-62 power supply. 24-52 batch fluid beds. 9-4 heater. 12-86 dry scrubbing. 12-64 particulate scrubbers. 17-28 scaling models. 12-105 to 12-106 dust collection. 12-72. 12-45. 12-68 vacuum tray/shelf dryers. 9-4 dryer classification. 12-35. 12-72. vacuum band dryers. 12-72 scrubber types: conical mixer dryer. 12-31 dust collector design. design and scale-up. 24-52 gas-flow pattern 12-47 electric wind. 12-99 to 12-103 17-46 to 17-51 dry-basis humidity. 12-82 filter types. 17-51 to 17-52 falling rate kinetics. 12-60 cyclone. 12-52 tunnel/continuous tray dryers. 17-14 to 17-16 indirect steam-tube dryer. 12-69. 12-44. 12-40 to 12-48 cyclone separators. 12-105 to 12-106 to 17-59 distributed lags. 12-56. 24-54 continuous plug-flow beds. 17-29 to 17-30 background. 9-4 12-75 fabric filters (bag filters with baghouses). 4-8 to 4-9 solution thermodynamics. air ejectors. 17-60 of formation. 17-56 calculation methods. 7-30 electric wind. 20-67 Domalski-Hearing method. 1899. 2-486 equipment cost. 5-33. 24-4 CWA amendments 1987.. 20-70 ideal gas state. 2-487 ideal gas model: potential and ionization. 7-32 electrodialysis: calculation methods. 22-58 electrofiltration. 2-488 inverse. 20-23 to 20-27 gas. 24-3 to 24-4 cooling water intake regulation. 20-70 to 20-71 corresponding states correlation. 23-80 pretreatment. 17-62 Ct group values for Chickos. 7-15. 22-46 National Environmental Policy Act. 2-478 equality constraints. 7-29 22-12. 17-56 2-200 expressed. 20-71 enthalpy-humidity chart. 20-25 to 20-27 Hottel emissivity charts. 23-94 water splitting. 2-489 equilibrium exchange current. 17-63 enterprise resource planning. 9-12 pump energy requirements.S.S. 8-62 equation 2-42. 8-78 quality legislation. 20-67 to 20-68 controlled-trading program. 2-485 23-74 diffusion dialysis. total maximum daily load (TMDL). 22-6 detonation arresters. 17-60 of fusion: definition. 9-12 energy not transporting ions. 17-62 residual from PVT correlations. 4-14 to 4-15 inflation. 20-70 function of T and P or T and V. 20-68 to 20-69 nonattainment (NA). 17-57 enthalpy: water reuse. 7-7 electrochemical measurement. 1976. 24-4 Federal Water Pollution Control Act. 2-485 equipment. 17-56 potential difference.S. 22-17 electrical precipitators. evaluation of. percent. 20-21 mixer-settlers. pollutants. 23-92 process flow. 23-80 electrodes. 23-95 process description.): condensers. U. equilibrium flash distillation. 9-12 efficiency. 20-67 balance for open systems. 22-15 concepts. 20-68 Clean Air Act of 1990. 20-69 environmental regulation in the United States. 2-486 equilibrium potential. 4-4 modified Raoul’s law. 23-88 peripheral components. 24-3 metal bioavailability and toxicity. 20-25 table. modulus of. 1969. 2-485 to 2-486 equipment sizing. 22-17 limitations. 17-59 ideal gas state. (Cont. 20-26 spectral. 4-8 to 4-9 handling. 7-17 solid waste legislation and regulations. 22-6 testing and standards. 10-126 combustion products. 20-20 nonrenewable. 7-33 group contributions and corrections. 20-69 environmental issues. 23-96 concentration polarization. 20-69 postulate definition. 12-55 example of. 22-12 zeta potential. 22-17 electric field. 5-32 Toxic Substances Control Act. 17-59 of combustion: enzyme kinetic. 4-28 to 4-29 sparking potential. 2-486 cost-capacity plots. 22-96 constant-area mixing. 4-11 particle mobility. 17-56 Chikos method. 22-17 field warpings. 4-12 two-stage precipitators. 2-488 equilibria. 7-28 source-based effluent limitations. 20-71 vapor pressure correlation. 17-55 Cs group values for Chickos. 4-7 to 4-8 resistivity problems. 10-57 Ely-Rideal kinetics. 4-6 to 4-7 emergency relief device effluent collection and Donnan dialysis. 22-16 collection efficiency. elasticity. 20-69 to 20-79 statistical mechanics. INDEX 9 EFV. 4-11 to 4-12 ionic mobilities. 4-19 single-stage precipitators. 5-31 1976. 8-59 emissivity: Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. evaluation of. 5-32. 23-110 . 5-34 Solid Waste Disposal Act. 22-9. 2-488 equilibrium constant. 4-6 to 4-7 cubic: horizontal flow plate precipitator. 18-20 biological criteria. 4-9 to 4-12 virial. 7-30 design curves. 22-17 cross-flow. 22-9 key procedures. 2-487 algorithms. 17-56 calculation methods. 9-12 equipment and economics. U. 2-478 to 2-485 repressed. 2-489 equilibrium moisture content. 8-63 calculation methods. 22-16 charging of particles. 7-32 of vaporization. 2-196 to 2-200 equipment selection criteria and guidelines. 2-21 to 20-23 emulsions. 17-40 current equipment cost data. 13-102 electrohydraulic actuators. 16-5 electroanaylitical instruments. 20-70 residual from PVT correlations. 22-16 electrical efficiency. U. 20-71 Vetere method. 20-69 inorganic and organic compounds. 22-10 equipment. 20-20 reserves in United States. 2-6 aftercondenser. 12-26 electrode reduction potentials. 22-17 theory. 22-82. 8-33 electrode insulators. process design and operation. 22-17 applications. characterization of. 8-56 22-17. 10-57 electronic digital controllers. 10-57 electrostatic precipitators. 8-91 types of equipment. 2-479 to 2-484 equations of state: field strength. 10-57 to 10-58 electromagnetic solenoid. 22-37 regulatory direction. 20-66 to 20-69 Clean Air Act of 1970. 22-9 inspection and testing of protective limiting current density. 20-20 to 20-21 fossil fuels. 5-21 to 5-22. 22-15 permittivity. 2-487 parameter assignments..S. 8-72 prevention of significant deterioration (PSD). 20-69 environmental enclosures. 20-22 energy balance. 10-58 to 10-58 sampling methodologies. process configuration. 10-57 emf-measuring device. 24-3 to 24-4 control of toxic pollutants. 9-12 energy requirements. electrodialysis reversal. 22-15 electrophoresis. 4-9 to 4-12 sizing and design of equipment. 22-17 conditioning agents. 5-31 Rivers and Harbors Act. mass transfer rate. 2-488 residual properties. performance. 20-66 to 20-67 entrainment separation. 24-3 regulatory direction. 22-17 elastic element method. 12-17 Pfizer’s generalized correlations. 20-67 calculation methods. 10-57 emissions measurements. 17-55 function of T and P or T and V. 2-143 ion transfer. 7-32 Goodman method. nonmetals. 1965. 22-5 flame arresters. 2-485 six-tenths rule. 8-77 environmental regulation in the United States. 8-35. 17-43 of sublimation. 7-30 current flow. safety. 20-67 entropy. 9-13 examples. 22-12 direct-contact (barometric). 5-34 water quality legislation and regulations. 8-92 renewable. 17-55 to 17-63 enhancement factor. 17-62 standard state thermal properties. 22-15 theory. U. 2-488 definition. plant strategies. 2-196 to enzymes. 4-5 23-86 electrodialysis-moderated ion exchange. 20-22 energy resources. 20-69 to 20-70 air quality legislation. 20-19 to 20-20 energy content. 17-56 8-69 water quality trading. 9-13 cation-exchange.. 22-15 alternating current precipitators. 7-15 corona. 22-17 dielectrophoresis. 4-9 to 4-11 electrically augmented scrubbers. optimization. 9-12 membranes. 16-18 Clean Water Act of 1977. principle and theory. 20-24 emulsion polymerization. 22-17 use of. 7-33 transfer coefficient. 17-55 to 17-63 inorganic and organic compounds. 1970. 2-487 cost-indices. separations based on: example. 7-16 electrochemical reactions. 18-20 Bioterrorism Act of 2003. 4-7 power supply. 5-32 to 5-33 Resource Recovery Act. 17-60 postulate definition. 9-13 anion-exchange. 22-55 regulatory direction. 22-4 deflagration arresters. 15-13 system. 23-102 control of. 15-55 terminology. 23-108 11-114 mass-transfer units. 15-16 to 15-17 thermodynamic properties. 15-47 to 15-49 countermeasures and security risk management miscellaneous forms of heating surface. 9-18 to to 15-20 release detection and mitigation. 8-45 single-solvent with extract reflux. 11-117 cross-current. 13-14 total operating. 8-26 extractive reaction. 15-105 security. definition. 12-17 to 12-25 calculation methods. 15-45 23-97 event-triggered recording. 15-105 hazard and risk analysis. process fundamentals. 23-77 thermocompression evaporators. 11-119 to 11-121 calculation procedures. 15-53 extraparticle transport and dispersion mechanisms. 15-53 to 15-55 extraction operation. 11-119 trends. 13-14 continuous. 13-13 total product. 15-48 security management system. security strategies. 15-104 to ethylene. 11-119 extraction factor and general performance relief system flow capacity. 15-18 VLE data. standards. 11-110 to 11-121 15-44 to 15-51 tunable solvents. 13-13 theory. forced circulation. 11-116 dual-solvent fractional without reflux. 15-18 to 15-19 ethernet protocols. 15-48 to 15. 23-78 optimization. 15-13 to 15-15 error. 11-111 15-47 security vulnerability assessment. 15-11 23-109 single-effect evaporators. 11-117 counter-current. 9-18 reversed micellar. 8-88 to 15-46 basic design strategies. 9-20 liquid-solid (leaching). 23-106 11-114 theoretical stage calculations. 23-110 parallel feed. 13-7 resistance.): multiple-effect evaporation. separations. 15-16 thermodynamic properties. 15-51 to 15-53 16-19 . McCabe-Thiele. 23-98 execution rate. 11-116 caprolactam (CPL). 9-20 pH-swing. 15-52 design considerations. 11-114 liquid-based. 15-19 ethyl alcohol. 23-106 primary design problems. 15-104 reactive systems. 23-102 evaporator types and applications. 23-102 expense. 8-45. 9-20 supercritical fluid. 15-11 Antoine vapor pressure. 15-11 preparation of equipment for maintenance. 15-13 pressure relief systems. rapid manufacturing. and 11-114 symmetric separation. 15-44 to 15-47 storage and handling of hazardous materials. 12-26 extraction: liquid-based. 23-76 boiling temperature. 9-20 two-phase. 9-20 reaction-enhanced. 23-98 exchange of sensible heat. 2-263 to 2-264 raw material. 13-12 packaging and shipping.): extraction (Cont. 8-7 extinction. manufacturing-operating. commissioning. 23-75 calculations. 11-120 immiscible solvents. heat exchanger control. 15-105 accessories. 23-109 submerged combustion. containment exothermic reactions. 18-143 15-106 VLE data. 11-114 membrane-based processes. 15-105 evaporators. 15-13 codes. 15-17 site selection. 15-103 to 15-106 pressure relief devices. 15-14 SVA methodologies. sea water evapoators. 16-21 15-105 2-268 to 269 correlations. 15-17 BIP data. 11-120 partially miscible solvents with dilute solute. 23-104 temperature difference. 15-17 ethylacetate: batch. 15-19 2-267 equipment: toluene nitration. 13-7 to 13-8 extent of reaction. 8-44 15-104 evaporation. 15-13 to 15-20 storage. 11-112 overall mass-transfer coefficients. 15-47 concept. 15-103 to BIP data. 15-16 K-value versus pressure. 11-119 computer simulations. 23-75 multi-effect evaporators. 23-74 cocurrent: to15-56 safety instrumented systems. 2-265 to 2-266 expression: hybrid extraction processes. 15-19 ethane: indirect. 15-20 to 15-21 vent systems. 15-103 to 15-104 23-104 horizontal tube. 11-117 shortcut calculations. 15-90 forward-feed. 18-144 extraction. 11-116 to 11-118 15-52 to 15-53 CMS. 11-113 phase-transition extraction. 15-104 process and safety requirements specification. 15-46 to 15-47 established practices. 15-103 to 15-104 evaporative cooling. 15-13 activity coefficient plot. 23-103 disk or cascade. 7-19. 9-20 temperature-swing. 7-7 electrically-enhanced extraction. 9-20 dissociative. 7-37 general overhead. 11-118 to 11-119 emerging developments. 15-19 to 15-20 Antoine vapor pressure. safety. 15-64 heat recovery systems. installation. 11-118 electrically-enhanced extraction. 23-107 short-tube vertical. 15-15 to 15-16 Ergun equation. layout and spacing. mixed feed. 15-45 causes. 18-143 liquid-liquid partitioning. utilization of. counter-current. 23-77 flash evaporators.10 INDEX equipment. 11-111 polymer-bassed. thermodynamic properties. extractor: arrangement of. 13-7 expert systems. 15-56 definitions. 11-117 partially miscible solvents with high solute static. 11-114 solute diffusion and mass-transfer coefficients. 11-118 to 15-105 relief design scenarios. 23-99 direct. cross-current. phase-transition extraction. loss of containment. 7-20 membrane-based processes. 23-99 estimation. thermodynamic properties. 15-105 ethylene glycol. 11-112 rate-based calculations. 18-146 extraction. 11-111 to to 15-58 engineering. 23-74 thermocompression. vapor-liquid separation. 23-102 9-21 biodiesel production. 11-110 to 11-111 solute purification and standard extraction: terminology. 9-21 standard. 15-18 ethanol: scale up of. process design and operation. mass-transfer rate. 9-18 extractions. 11-117 concentration. 9-20 fractional. 16-21 ionic liquids. external mass transfer. 23-106 operation of. 15-103 to Euler integration method. 15-20 to 15-21 salt removal. 15-105 maintaining mechanical integrity. and guidelines. evaporators. digital controller. 11-121 single-solvent with extract reflux. 17-44 Holland expression. emerging developments. 11-114 ionic liquids. 15-45 condensers. 23-104 agitated film. 15-15 key performance indicators. 11-114 to 11-116 Kremser-Souder-Brown equation. 23-102 8-41 stage efficiency. 15-49 to 15-50 sizing of pressure relief systems. 15-50 to 15-51 threats of concern. VLE data. 11-116 dual-solvent with extract reflux. commercial processes. 15-55 to 15-56 validation (EICV). arrangement of (Cont. 23-104 long-tube vertical. 13-14 total manufacturing. 18-143 fine solids. 15-51 to 15-58 extraction cascade. 11-118 fractional extraction calculations. 23-104 flash. 15-103 to 15-104 operating basis. aqueous. 8-46 acid gas.): key procedures (Cont. normally distributed. 7-6 extraction. 8-74 tunable solvents. 23-108 swirl flow. 8-70 compactable filter cakes.49 defining the risk to be managed. potential for. 15-104 evaporation load. 15-9 polymer-based. aqueous. turbulent flow. 18-106 analysis methods. 9-14 resistance factors. 8-47 FCC unit. 10-6 filtering. 18-106 profiles. 12-21 membranes. 17-49 colifilter. 10-49 pollutants. continuous: mechanical gauges. 7-18 compression-permeability. flooding feedback control. 9-14 reverse-flow cleaned. 13-16 fans and blowers. 6-44 string discharge. 17-51 continuous cake filters: capital ratio. 10-13 to 10-14 pressure leaf. 10-6 aids: Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. 20-13 characteristics. column. 18-98 2-516 principles of operation. 17-49. liquid-column. 14-38 scraper discharge. bag. 8-34 scale-up: perfect fluid. effect on signal. 6-43 to 6-44 sing compartment. 18-114 three phase. 18-97 head. 8-63 performance evaluation. 7-28 total pressure. nozzles. 16-19 cake discharge. 9-5 ideal gas. 18-83 flow. 6-43 to 6-44 media: 2-516 falling-film crystallization. 10-7 horizontal plate. 10-6 FIFO. 18-108 Lang method. 7-30 feedback control system. metal. 10-7 internal cake tube. 17-47. 10-7 to 10-10 fiber mist eliminators. 18-105 behavior. 16-6 failure logic. vapors and liquids. 8-73 sizing. 17-49 fired heaters. 18-106 step-counting method. 18-114 flexibility factor k and stress intensification factor i. 10-6 Fick’s First Law. 10-52 filter prices. polymer. 17-48 removable media. 20-10 to 20-12 fabrics. rate. 20-13 fabrics. 18-102 exponential method. 10-52 filtration: calculation methods. 18-113 float-actuated devices. 9-13 10-7 external cake tube. 18-99 seven-tenths rule. in control. Faraday’s law. 10-6 Fick’s 2nd law. 9-13 filter fabrics. 13-16 centrifugal blowers. 18-89 properties and behavior of. 10-9 fiber-optic sensors. 8-21 filtration. screens. expansion feedforward control. 8-59 fermenter. 17-47. 10-6 filament pyrometers. 8-83 fermentation. granular. 8-61 flooding. 18-106 Wroth method. 10-6 filter (electric). 18-99 Garrett method. 17-46 to 17-57 filters (Cont. 17-50 pressure filters. centrifugal-discharge. 18-98 adiabatic. 9-14 removal efficiency. 10-6 filter. 10-8 fiber-bed scrubbers. 22-37. 10-11 Fick’s law. 8-8 stagnation. 17-50 clarifying filters. granular bed. 17-48 roll-discharge. 10-10 fiber saturation point. 18-95 flow characteristics. 18-112 flash point: fan performance. 10-49 selection. 18-98 flash calculations: fan horsepower. 20-10 to 20-13 beds. 18-105 fixed-point level. 18-95 multiplying gauges. 18-96 in control. 18-98 pressure. 18-95 flow measurements: fermentative pathways. in control. shaker fabric. 12-34 factor. 18-97 flammable gas. 17-55 horizontal table. 6-44 tilting pan. 16-7 falling films. 17-17 continuous operation. diffusion. reverse-pulse fabric. diffusion. 7-31 pressure tests. 8-60 feed stream. See indirect-fired combustion isotropic. 18-82. 18-85 flowing fluid. 10-7 to 10-14 nutsche. 9-13 static. 9-13 cake puncture. INDEX 11 fabric filters. 10-6 to 10-7 field-sensing devices. 8-5. 18-109 group contributions for inorganic compounds. 10-8 fiber-film contactor. 2-515 process diagrams. 18-108 flammability limits. 13-15 axial-flow fans. 8-22 constant pressure. 10-50 classification. 3-59 cake washing. data. 10-8 Fibonachi search. orifices. 18-99 fixed capital investment. 2-515 scirocco-type fan. 18-97 Pintar method. 12-26 plate and frame. valve flow. 18-105 limiting behavior. 14-125 leaf. 10-6 fieldbus foundation. 6-43 filter thickeners. woven. See tray columns. 18-103 Guthrie method. 18-106 turnover ratio. 18-93 stagnation. 8-73 first order-transfer function. 10-49 to 10-52 papers. 9-15 total. 10-6 to 10-7 diatomaceous earth. 15-91 filtration. values of. 16-6 Fair’s correlation. 17-49 precoat filters. 12-26 felts. 9-15 reverse-pulse cleaned. 18-112 flooding. 9-14 thermocouples. 18-98 group contributions for organic compounds. 18-83 adiabatic. 17-50 horizontal vacuum. 18-108 Hand method. 17-54 calculation methods. 9-16 resistive thermal detectors (RTDs). 9-14 shaker cleaned. 10-21 . 8-12 theory. 2-515 to 2-516 laminar flow. 18-96 manometer. measures against reference list of specific processes. 23-17 falling-rate period (hindered drying). 18-112 to 18-114 10-119 to 10-120 fast Fourier transform. 22-40 specifications. 17-52 fire and explosion protection. 7-30 constant rate. 8-42 equipment-related factors. 18-98 isothermal. disappearing. 18-113 to 18-114 Flory distribution. 8-5. 8-9 static pressure. 10-6 filter. batch: factor Y. 10-50 prices. 18-99 methods. 10-7 filter press. 17-47. 18-112 to 18-113 flexible batch. 9-15 anemometer. equipment and applications. 17-49 horizontal belt. 9-16 dry. 17-48 financial report. 9-10 temperature. 10-7 batch cake filters: code of accounts. entrainment. 2-515 forward-curved blade blowers. 8-73 correlation. 18-108 study methods. diffusion. 5-45 actual area. 18-99 detailed estimate method. 17-49 equipment perfect fluid. 18-102 discipline method. 10-6 filters: first-order lag. 18-104 estimation. control. 18-94 static head.): air permeabilities. overall. 18-97 ignition by hot surfaces. first in first out basis. 18-95 static pressure. 18-106 fixed-bed: three-compartment bag filter. 9-15 current meter. 20-13 fabrics. 8-58 procedure. 17-17. 9-15. 8-21 filtration rate. 16-7 effect of surface tension. 9-13 collection efficiency. 10-7 perlite. 18-94 piezometer ring. small scale: total pressure. processes. excessive. 8-70 testing. 18-96 equalizers and straighteners. 10-15 fieldbus controller. 13-16 backward-curved blade blowers. 2-515 minimum wetting rate. 8-50 rotary drum. and venturis.): fixed capital investment (Cont.and wet-bulb. 17-43 variable pressure. 7-32 selection of filtration equipment. 8-91 isentropic. 9-10 factors. 6-43 dry. 18-109 order of magnitude methods. 10-19 feedforward dynamic compensator. 10-6 filter. 18-114 Thorton method. 9-15 velocity. 6-34 to 6-36 pneumatic conveying regime. 10-11 axial-flow transverse-momentum. 17-11 sharp-edged. 6-5 temperature. 17-9 weirs. 10-16 cracking. 6-34 catalytic reactions. 6-5 materials tar. variable-area. 17-17 to 17-20 kiel probe. 17-18 accuracy. ultrasonic. 17-6 volumetric meters. 24-31 flow velocity pitot tubes. 10-19 macroscopic and microscopic balances. 10-23 naphthalene oxidization. 17-9 classification. 6-5 instrumentation. pathlines. 17-3 flowmeters. 10-20 perforated plates and screens. 17-16 to 17-20 quench tank. 17-7 permanent pressure loss. 6-34 circulating fluidized-bed combustors. conservation equations. 17-3 guidelines and standards. 17-2 permanent pressure loss. continuity equation. overall. incinerator. 17-16 to 17-20 flow pulsation. 6-32 to 6-33 circulating or fast fluidized-beds. and streaklines. 24-30 flow through orifices. 6-6 to 6-7 heat transfer. 17-19 elbow meters. 10-19 slot distributions. 7-35 current. 6-3 bed height. 6-8 to 6-9 flow measurements. 10-21 bubbling beds. 10-19 turning valves. 24-30 pitometer. 10-17 microscopic balance equations. 24-30 to 24-31 pitot-venturi. 10-14 catalytic reactions. 10-21 fluidized-bed combustion. 17-2 to 17-20 abnormal velocity distribution. two-phase. 7-35 cup meter. 17-11 to 17-12 segmented. 10-21 circulating fluidized-bed combustors. 17-17 bubble model. 24-29 to 24-30 PFRs. flange taps. 10-22 improved coal combustion. 24-29 CSTRS. 17-13 variable-area meters. 6-6 fluid-bed status graph. 6-49 heterogeneous reactions. drying. differential pressure. 6-6 fluidized-bed steam generator. 17-10 .): flow disturbances. 17-17 bubble growth. 6-32 to 6-34 bed weight. hot spots. gas mixing. 17-20 special pitot tubes. 17-20 slotted-edge. 17-20 10-20 fluid and particle dynamesc nomenclature and applications. 6-7 heat treatment. 17-16 rate of discharge. nominal. flow measurement. 10-24 sulfur emissions. 10-16 velocity. 10-1 anemometer. 10-16 fluid flow: 18 vena contracta. 10-14 stirred tank agitation. 10-16 fluid dynamics. FluoSolids. 17-16 multiventuri systems. 10-20 flow straightening devices. 6-34 bubbling or turbulent beds. Bernoulli equation. 17-15 rate of discharge. 10-14 fluid mixing. 17-15 to 17-16 Herschel-type. 6-33 coating. 6-33 to 6-34 cone valve. 17-2 quadrant-edged. 10-21 circulationg beds. 24-30 shielded total-pressure tubes. 17-4 orifice meters. pitot-venturi tubes. 7-17 square-edged. 17-9 to 17-16 selection. 10-23 fluidized-bed systems. 17-9 and venturi tubes. 6-5 to 6-6 multicompartment fluidized-bed. flue gas desulfurization. 10-19 Cauchy momentum and Navier-Stokes equations. 10-18 6-7 gas-solid systems. 17-4 annular. 10-19 6-8 entrainment. 10-22 calcination. 17-6 pressurized fluidized-bed combustion. dimensionless groups. 17-17 reactor shell. 17-16 minimum Hodgson numbers. 10-14 pipeline mixing. 10-14 acrylonitrile production. 10-21 fuel flexibiliby. 17-17 regime diagram. 6-6 to 6-9 dip leg. 10-24 fluidized-bed steam generator. 17-20 pulsating flow. 10-19 compressive and incompressible flow. 10-15 Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. comparison of. 10-21 drying. 10-18 stress tensor. 17-13 technologies. 10-21 mercury emissions. 10-21 noncatalytic reactions. 17-5 differential pressure meters. 10-19 6 pressure measurement. 10-21 fluidized beds. 6-36 pneumatic conveying systems. 17- radius taps. 10-14 chlorination of oletins. 17-6 pipe taps. 10-20 to 10-21 sharp-edged. 17-19 10-14 fluidized beds. 17-17 scale-up. 17-44 adsorption-desorption. 10-13 narrow rectangular notches. 24-29 to 24-31 flow reactors. uses of (Cont. 6-5 lower-velocity fast fluidized-bed regime. 17-13.12 INDEX flow measurements. 6-22 turbine. 17-20 classes. special. 17-14 pressure taps. 17-13 critical flow nozzles. 10-14. 17-20 variables affecting measurement. 10-19 fluid statics. 17-16 to 17-17 swirling flow.): flowmeters. 17-19 pitot-static tube. 17-12 eccentric. 10-21 fluid distribution. 10-11 flowmeters. 10-13 inferential. 10-23 17-19 point velocities. 6-7 Geldart categorization. 17-17 to 17-18 mean. 10-16 total energy balance. 17-11 flow nozzles. 7-35 propeller meter. 10-13 flowmeters. 6-5 l valve. 10-12 rotometers. 6-7 to 6-8 bed-to-surface heat transfer coefficient. 10-23 pressurized fluidized-bed combustion (PFBC). 10-16 to 6-51 higher velocity transport regime. 17-14 flowmeters. 17-2 open-channel flow measurement. 10-11 gas-liquid mixtures. 6-5 to 6-6 hot windbox. 10-16 thermodynamics: phase diagram. 6-7 gas distributor. 17-20 flow nonuniformities. 10-20 perforated-pipe distributions. 10-16 streamlines. weirs. 6-6 fluidization regime. 17-18 to 17-19 pitot tubes. 10-13 rectangular. 17-11 mass meters. general: duct flow. 10-24 fluidized-bed seal leg. Reynold’s number. 10-23 pipe flow. 10-15 triangular-notch. 10-23 polyethylene production. mass. 17-18 coefficient of discharge. 17-20 critical flow conditions. 10-13 flowmeters. 17-20 perfect gas. 10-18 fluid flow. kinematics. 10-23 particulate emissions. 17-17 to 17-20 velocity meters. noncatalytic. 10-22 coating. 17-5 venturi meters. 17-16 order of reliability for square-edged orifices beds of solids. 8-59 to 8-60 physical contacting. 10-19 one-dimensional flow. 10-13 flowmeters. 4-15 physical contacting. uses of. 10-23 nitrogen oxide emissions. 10-17 mechanical energy balance. 10-19 laminar and turbulent flow. 10-17 mass balance. 10-22 adsorption-desorption. velocity. 10-13 liquid-solid mixtures. fluidization vessel. 10-11 to 10-12 gas-solid mixtures. 6-35 to 6-36 powder classification diagram. 10-20 units. 4-15 plenum chamber. 16-21 vane anemometer. 10-11 coriolis. 17-19 pitometer. velocity (Cont. 10-23 incineration. 10-13 broad-crested. other. 10-16 vorticity. 6. traversing for. 17-16 to 17-17 reactions. 17-5 corner taps. 17-15 critical pressure ratio. 17-7 to 17-9 critical flow. 17-20 profile effects. 17-20 discharge coefficients. 17-15 to 17-16 permenant pressure loss. 10-16 momentum balance. 17-16 rotary valve. 10-16 to 10-18 macroscopic equations. 10-19 fluid dynamics. 10-11 flowmeters. 10-21 heat treatment. 10-19 rate of deformation tensor. 10-18 mass balance. 17-13 fluorine. 7-14 operating variables. 17-19 of. 5-40 fluoseal. 24-12 Kenics static mixer. 22-48 viscoelastic. 12-12 miscellaneous batch mixers. 6-4 front-end loading. thermodynamic properties. 18-32 evaluation of. 10-151 concentration-solidification curve. onion skinning. 17-12 conical mixers. frictional losses in pipeline elements. 8-68 two-phase theory of fluidization. 6-4 design principles. 24-43 table feeder. 7-32 indirect. 14-17 marine transporation. 17-2 FORTRAN. 17-10 plowshare mixers. 6-16 gas distributor. 22-41 rheopectic. 22-41 shear-thining. 17-5 to 17-6 freezing.): well-stirred combustion chamber.): bubbling or turbulent beds. 24-47 membrane filtration. 17-13 formation and combustion reactions. 17-12 scale-up of continous mixers. 2-271 heat source. 8-62 portable tanks. 24-44 adiabatic. 6-4 types: condensation. 24-28 solids discharge 17-13 high-intensity mixers. 18-35 fuel fired furnace models. 24-43 solids discharge. 17-12 Banbury mixers. 17-7 BIP data. 14-16 fluidizing velocity. 17-18 process design considerations. 17-12 equipment selection. 6-17 design diagrams. progressive. 17-12 flutec. 5-6 classical isothermal design method. sources and significance. 24-47 selection of solvent and nature of solvents. 17-12 2-200 fuzzy logic control. 17-12 ideal gas sensible enthalpies. 6-5 polarization curves. 24-48 to 24-50 absorption. 17-13 pan mullers. 24-49 gaseous fuels. 6-5 characteristics of. 13-14 transport disengaging height. pastes and doughs. 18-34 dimensional approach. 8-70 gas absorption. 17-10 Stefan-Maxwell equation. 18-37 dimensionless approach. 19-21 pipe lines. 6-4 to 6-5 reaction electrochemistry. INDEX 13 fluidized-bed systems. 18-38 atmosphere. 18-36 to 18-37 solid-oxide. 14-16 systems. calculation of 14-9 dilatant. minimum. 17-12 scale-up of batch mixers. viscous. 17-12 formic acid: total transport regime. bulk transport of. 6-4 characteristics. 5-3 classical adiabatic design method. 6-16 to 6-17 gas phone mass-transfer units. 24-43. 17-12 inorganic and organic compounds. 24-47 combustion. 10-149 applications. 5-49 to 5-50 heating mode: staging methods. 18-32 underfeed firing. 14-17 fluosolids. 24-28 to 24-29 knife-gate valves. mixing fuel fired furnace models (Cont. 6-5 schematics. 10-149 expansion and exit losses. 17-14 roll mills. 24-43. 18-35 polymer electrolyte. 10-151 frequency-shift keying. 5-40 to 5-43 fast fluidized (Circulating) beds. 6-19 to 6-20 gas pressure drops. 24-50 miscellaneous. 5-50 direct. 10-151 6-16 gas-absorption systems. 18-34 to 18-35 fuel-bed firing. 18-35 phosphoric acid. 2-202 melting furnace. selection. 10-149 contraction and entrance losses. 24-43 solids feeders. 4-19 to 4-20 seal legs. 24-12 Holo-Flite processor. 18-32 to 18-34 definition. 24-44 temperature control. 24-42 solids flow control. 17-13 2-271 continuous furnace. heat-effects. 2-270 to batch furnace. 17-13 Sulzer static mixer. 18-35 performance parameters. 6-17 to 6-19 design of absorber-stripper systems. 24-48 to 24-49 liquefied petroleum gas. non-Newtonian. 14-13 tank cars. 8-26 solids circulation. 20-4 gas blanketing system. properties: overhead. 17-5 free radicals. nature of. type UA. 24-12 Ferrel continous mixer. industrial: size reduction. 24-42 solids mixing. design of. 5-39 22-30 . 24-49 hydrogen. attrition. 12-26 equipment considerations. 20-4 to 20-5 rigorous design methods. 22-51 continous mixers. 17-11 twin-screw extruders. 5-41 to 5-43 heat transfer surfaces. 17-18 coefficients. 9-41 to 9-48 design procedures. 10-150 curved pipes and coils. 17-11 heating and cooling mixers. 22-47 fluids. 2-201 underfiring. use in control. 14-10 fluids. 8-92 container ships. 5-39 to 5-40 gaseous pollutants. 18-34 to 18-37 direct methanol. electrochemical reactions. 18-32 fugacity: solids mixing. 6-5 background. pastes and doughs. 12-26 size enlargement. resistance coefficients. 13-13 ganging alarm. 24-28 size enlargement. 18-32 function libraries. 18-32 definition. 18-37 to18-38 furnaces. 17-13 ribbon blenders. 17-13 intensive mixers. 17-46 tank trucks. 18-35 molten carbonate. control of. 17-12 formal potential. viscous. multiple-pipe.): fluids. 17-14 function and process cycle. 24-10 to 24-12 AP Conti paste mixer. 18-36 long plug flow furnace. 24-43 liquid injection. 10-151 component separation. 24-44 standpipes. 17-46 portable tanks. 10-151 equivalent length and velocity head methods. 6-4 fuel cells: liquid-to-gas ratio. 14-15 to 14-17 fluidized-bed: Fourier Law. 6-4 efficiency. drums. See natural gas motionless mixers. 18-38 overfeed firing stokers: pressure drop. 6-4 to 6-5 fittings and valves. 14-7 Deborah number. 5-39 to 5-43 natural gas. 24-45 to 24-51 biological APC technologies. 4-20 screw feeder. 12-54 comparison of design methods. 24-49 acetylene. 18-37 to 18-39 funicular state. 24-43. pug mills. 5-40 to 5-41 gas mixing. 22-44 viscosity. 4-19 to 4-20 two-phase model. 24-44 slide valve. 24-29 pneumatic conveying. use of regulator. or bottles. 17-12 trough-and-screw mixers 18-35 example. 17-12 fluoSeal. 6-5 thermodynamic valves. 20-5 gas chromatography. 17-5 Antoine vapor pressure. 24-12 miscellaneous continous mixers. 18-38 to 18-39 comparison to suspension. 22-42 time-dependent. 7-20 materials of construction for bulk transport. scale-up (Cont. mixing of: alkaline. 18-32 to 18-34 cross-feed (mass-burning). 2-217. 2-195 to muffle furnace. 14-11 Newtonian. 24-47 adsorption. 8-50 single-stage FluoSolids roaster. 14-10 Bingham plastic. 20-5 gas absorption solvent rate. 24-46 to 24-47 14-7 rheology. 18-32 coefficient: stand pipe. 17-8 10-151 to 6-20 gas phase reactors. 14-16 fractionation. 14-7 to 14-10 tanks. 12-34. continous mixers (Cont. 14-17 fluids. 9-42 equipment. 18-32 to 18-33 spreader. 17-20 Fourier number. 17-12 ideal gas sensible entropies. 14-17 noncatalytic 17-6 free moisture content. 17-11 single-screw extruders. 24-46 gaseous emissions. 24-42 gas circulation. 17-12 flux expressions. 24-28 to 24-29 size reduction. 24-45 scrubbing chlorine from air. 8-87 gas diffusivity. 14-9 deformation and stress. 14-90 differential. 21-73 air filtration theory. suspension. pressure-measuring. 18-70 to 18-71 upward gas flow phase diagram. 21-71 VERT filter list. 2-196 to 2. storage of. 10-148 flow-line interception. 18-67 to 18-68 size. 17-3 partial molar. 18-66 to gas-liquid systems. 7-14 grinding and crushing. 10-9 industrial waste secondary clarifiers. strain gauges. 18-74 vertical reverse jet contactor. 10-149 diffusional deposition. equilibrium data sources. 14-108 sonic agglomeration. cost. 10-8 to 18-68 14-86 piezoelectric transducers. operating variable. 10-148 design. 21-46 high efficiency particulate air. modeling. 21-145 mass transfer. 18-67 gas-liquid reactors. 4-21 to 4-22 torque rquirements. 10-9 gravity sedimentation operations: spray towers in liquid-limited systems-hollow multiplying gauges. 17-26 to 17-27 scale: granulator vessel. 14-102 thermal deposition. industrial practice. 21-71 dry scrubbing. 18-67 absorption tables. 18-68 loop reactors. 7-31 testing for thickening: fluidization regime diagram. 17-2 to 17-6 21-23 detention. 10-8 attrition. 14-102 particle deposition. 21-144 cost of column. continuous piloting. effect on stability. gravity settling. portland cement. gas-liquid. 21-110 gas-in-liquid dispersions. 17-21 to 17-23 scale: granule size and primary feed particles. 18-68 air fluidization diagram. 10-9 numerical solutions. 10-9 clarifier and thickener testing. 17-28 21-111 equipment selection. 4-22 to 4-23 scale-up factors. 17-51 lime. 18-68 pneumatic conveying regime. 18-68 gas-solid. 10-9 layering. 17-26. 17-27 engineering approaches to design. 17-2 residual-property relation. 18-71 gas-solids separation. 17-54 global reactions. 10-8 batch bench-scale settling tests. 17-53 globe and angle. 14-86 pressure transducers with fluid-mounted inclined-plate clarifiers. 12-84 testing for clarification. 17-6 models. 21-143 gas-liquid contactors. electric sensing devices.14 INDEX gases. 21-146 contact heat transfer. 17-26. 17-6 excess: to 18-70 vibrofluidization. 10-8 coalescence. 10-8 effects of mixing. 14-111 nomenclature of. pressure. 18-69 particulate fluidization. cavern storage. design features. 21-68 isolated fiber efficiency. 14-106 performance. 18-67 steady-state systems. 17-26 scales of analysis. aeration behavior. 21-110 methods of gas dispersion. 17-4 excess-property relation. 18-74 gas-liquid phase dispersion. 17-4 Gibbs energy: determination of thickener basin area. 17-27 granulation processes. 10-8 sedimentation testing. 18-67 surface tension. 21-117 storage in pressure vessels. 10-149 electrostatic precipition. 10-7 coagulent and/or flocculant selection. bottles and pipe lines. 18-19 mercury barometer. 21-71 . 18-74 classification. 14-91 draft gauge. 4-22 thickener-basin depth. 17-26. lime. 10-148 gas-solids separation (Cont. 18-67 ing nozzles. 18-72 to 18-73 high efficiency air cleaning.): granulation processes. suspension: bourdon-tube gauge. 17-26. 4-18 grinding. 17-24 to 17-28 21-110 gas holders. 10-8 21-147 cooling. 8-74 biological materials—cell disruption. 10-9 graphical implementations. 15-98 spray towers as direct contact condensers. 18-67 unstable systems. 4-23 to 4-26 optimization of flocculation conditions. 17-52 to 17-55 inorganic and organic compounds. 10-8 feed characterization. 2-486 thickeners. 21-71 cyclone scrubbers. 17-27 scale: granule volume element. 7-9 types. bypassing limits spray tower performance in gas differential U tube. 14-88 tube size for. 19-45 mechanical pressure gauges. 18-74 droplet size. 21-146 devolatilizers. 17-51 finish-grinding of cement clinker. 14-98 mechanisms. 14-85 deadweight gauge for high pressure. 21-71 emmision control. 10-8 modeling individual growth mechanisms. 19-39 manometers. changes of. 18-70 solid types. 8-34 dry-process cement. 14-91 open gauge. 18-74 interfacial area. types of. 19-38 to 19-41 10-7 semi-continuous bench-scale tests. 17-55 Gibbs-Duhem equation: types. 7-5. 17-27 practice. 8-50 simple spray towers. 14-91 diaphragm. 14-85 compound gauges. 10-9 21-144 dispersion. bulk settling. 10-8 circular clarifiers. 21-146 converting liquid mass-transfer data to direct inclined U tube. 17-54 partial molar properties. 17-2 Geng Wang equation. 18-68 choking velocity. 17-5 fundamental property relations: to 18-69 simplified fluid-bed status graph. 4-19 underflow pump requirements. 21-113 axial dispersion. 19-41. 17-27. 10-8 rectangular clarifiers. 7-31 cement. 17-45 21-113 to 21-123 wet-process cement. 21-71 atmospheric pollution measurements. 18-20 Geldart diagram. impact of droplet or bubble two-fluid U tube. 17-52 glycolysis. characteristics of dispersion. 10-8 to 10-9 clarifiers: cone atomizing nozzles. 17-45 granulation. 21-143 theory of bubble and foam formation. 21-113 10-148 to 10-149 inertial deposition. 10-7 18-67 14-7 Gauss-Jordan decomposition. 17-42 granular-bed filters. 18-71 to 18-74 air filters. 10-149 dust collection. 17-51 gypsum. 18-74 basics of interfacial contactors. 17-27 controlling processing in practice. 17-24 golden search. systems. and gypsum. 14-100 gauge. 21-146 mass transfer data. 18-67 examples. 10-9 solution of the population balance. 14-88 gauges based on height of liquid column. control and design. 10-7 specifications for design and sizing. 10-9 gravity decanter (horizontal). 21-117 differential thermal expansion. 10-8 clarifier-thickener. 21-144 cost of internals. 21-144 gas-liquid column costs. 14-91 manometric fluid. 10-9 population balance. bubbles and droplets. 17-27 controlling growth and consolidation in solution of gases in liquids. 17-27 controlling breakage in practice. 18-21 Geldart’s classification. 10-7 settleable solids and sedimentation. 14-88 piezoresistive transducers. 21-113 materials. 17-54 200 operations. 12-93 solids recycle. 10-9 analytical solutions. 10-8 simulation of granulation circuits with recycle. 14-91 mechanical. 14-86 conditions. froths and hollow cone atomiz. 17-2 and related properties. 17-28 controlling wetting in practice. 21-22. 14-91 inverted differential U tube. manometers. 14-88 gauges. fluid bed and mixer. 17-43 to 17-45 cleanable granular bed filters. 21-112 mass transfer. 18-18 closed U tubes. 17-21 to 17-63 Gibbs energy of formation. 180-70 two-phase fluidization theory. 14-86 diaphragms. 17-45 fixed granular bed filters. 14-91 micrometers. 21-71 evaporation lifetimes. 18-66 to 18-67 gas-liquid-solid. 18-73 automatic filters. Bourdon-tube. 10-9 nucleation. 14-90 open U tube. 17-5 genome. 23-27 contact electrification. molding powders. 23-29 ignition sensitivity of dusts as a function of disk attrition mills. 23-10 impact breakers. 2-271 dust explosions. 23-29 protective measures. 21-72 grinding rate function. 21-68 performance of bead mills. 21-57 parameters for scale-up. 21-67 chemical reactions. 21-61 (SADT). chemical cereals and other vegetable products. 21-60 identifying potential reactions. Raymond ring-roller mill. pressure data from. 21-67 depressuring systems. 23-30 asbestos and mica. 21-65 life-cycle considerations during process colors and pigments. 21-65 scale-up considerations.): reactivity. 21-61 designing facilities for avoidance of unintended terminology. 23-29 23-8 media mills and roll mills. 21-53 hazardous materials and conditions. 21-70 grinding processes. wet grinding. 21-52 differential thermal analysis (DTA). roll press. 7-28 dust. decomposing. coke and other carbon products. 21-61 self-accelerating decomposition temperature confined explosions. 21-68 quench systems. 21-73 closed-circuit milling. 23-28 and dusts. and rearranging characterizing explosive behavior for vapors 21-61 substances. 23-30 carbonates and sulfites. INDEX 15 grinding and crushing. 23-22 . 21-71 tumbling mills. 23-10 prebreakers. 21-54 23-13 powder coatings. 21-55 combustion and flammability hazards. 21-68 inhibitor injection. 23-9. 21-65 considering inherently safer approaches to coal. 21-55 ture. 21-55 23-11 processing waste. 23-15 performance. 21-72 solution for continuous milling. 23-11 21-62 uncontrolled reactions. 21-68 grinding (Cont. 21-63 sources of reactivity data. 23-17 dispensers and emulsifiers. charge dissipation. 21-54 vent sizing package (VSP2TM). 23-30 nonmetallic minerals. 21-72 residence time distribution. 21-68 designing processes for control of intended causes of hazardous discharges with liquids. 21-52 flammability diagram. 21-71 vertical mills. 21-58 scale-up and control of grinding circuits. 21-70 batch grinding. 21-65 endothermic compounds. 23-29 static electricity. 23-28 fire triangle. 23-26 chemicals. 23-22 microfluidizer. 21-72 annular gap mills. 21-69 material and ball charges. 23-29 boiling-liquid expanding-vapor explosions. flammability: gums and resins. 23-12 performance. 21-69 stirred media mills. 21-66 temperature of no return (TNR). 7-32 limiting oxygen concentration. 21-72 design. 23-27 charge induction. 21-66 intended chemical reactions (Cont. 21-68 dump systems. dispersion and colloid mills. 21-70 multicompartmented mills. modeling. 2-218. 23-30 silica and feldspar. 21-53 aerosols and mists. 21-67 calculations. 21-64 reactivity testing. wet/dry grinding. 21-71 manufacturers. 21-60 oxidizers and organic peroxides. clays and kaolins. 21-53 estimating flammability limits. 23-8 performance. 21-63 analyses. 21-53 mixing cell calorimetry (MCC). 23-8 jaw crushers. 21-59 23-8 operation. 23-11 types. 21-58 scale-up based on energy. 21-62 substances. 21-59 ignition sources and energy. 23-28 vapor cloud explosions. 23-30 talc and soapstone. 21-60 peroxide formers. 21-61 spontaneously combustible and pyrophoric detonation and deflagration. 23-26 bituminous coal. 21-68 planetary-ball mills. 23-10 grinding and crushing equipment. 23-27 chemicals. 21-70 vibratory mills. 23-23 mill efficiencies. 23-30 fertilizers and phosphates. 23-23 overview. 23-25 soaps. 23-9 control of crushers. 21-57 Hatta number. 21-61 water-reactive substances. 23-13 opposed jet mill. 23-13 spiral jet mill. 21-72 attritors. 8-64 vapor mixtures. 23-12 design. 21-69 wet-ball milling. 23-28 deflagration index. 21-53 shock sensitivity. designing processes for control of flour and feed meal. 23-29 relation between flammability properties. 23-28 23-13 to 23-14 grinding and crushing equipment. chemical dust explosion device. 21-69 performance. wet/dry hazardous materials and conditions. 21-72 continuous-mill simulation. 21-55 flammability limit dependence on pressure. 23-8 gyratory crushers. 23-30 pharmaceutical materials. 23-30 other carbon products. designing mitigation systems to handle flammability limits in pure oxygen. compositional chemistry. 21-65 ment systems. 21-67 (ARSSTTM). 23-22 capacity and power consumption. 21-70 dry-ball milling. pigments and soaps. 21-68 short-stop system. 21-66 reactivity hazards. 23-8 hammer crusher. 21-72 dry vs. 7-38 apparatus for collecting explosion data for design and operation. 21-71 design. soybean cake and other pressed residence time distribution. 21-70 operation. 23-29 23-12 roll ring-roller mills. 21-57 Hartree Fock. 21-55 flammability limit dependence on tempera- design and operation. 21-57 hazardous materials and conditions.): grinding and crushing equipment. 21-61 reactivity: 23-13 design and operation. 21-72 horizontal media mills. 21-72 data on behavior of grinding functions. 23-30 polymers. 21-72 grinding rate functions. 21-65 development. 21-66 advanced reactive system screening tool metalliferous ores. 21-56 solution of batch-mill equations. 23-26 23-24 media selection. 23-15 comparision of crushers. polymerizing. 21-64 hazard and operability (HAZOP). 23-25 anthracite. 21-69 residence time distribution. 21-63 reactive hazard reviews and process hazard coke. 21-67 23-26 starch and other flours. 7-36 liquid mixtures. 21-53 boiling-liquid expanding-vapor explosions. 21-60 incompatible materials. industrial practice (Cont. 23-27 charge-dissipative materials. 7-36 minimum ignition energy (MEI). 23-7 grinding and crushing equipment. 23-8 to rubber. 21-64 23-30 crushed stone and aggregate. 23-28 apparatus for collecting explosion data. 21-59 Hall effect sensors. fluid-energy. 23-29 brush discharges. 23-27 explosions. 23-30 types of milling circuits. 21-61 reaction. 21-62 endothermic reactions. hammer mills. 23-9 cage mills. 21-58 batch time. 23-30 ores and minerals. 21-56 halon. 21-65 semibatch reactions. 23-11 roll crushers. 21-58 half-cell reaction. 21-64 accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC). 23-23 pressure homogenizers. 21-69 breakage function. 21-57 modeling of milling circuits. 21-64 onset temperature. 21-59 half-life method. pan crushers.): soybeans. 21-66 exothermic reactions and runaway reactions. cakes. 23-11 other jet mill designs. 21-62 design of emergency relief and effluent treat. hicom mill. 7-30 Haber equation. corrosion in. 23-38 11-63 mechanics and kinetics. 12-4. 7-22 continuously stirred tank reactor. 3-18 2-498 organic compounds in water (at infinite dilution hysteresis effects. 13-70 spark discharges. 23-32 clad tube sheets. 8-41 ideal reactors: air flow control. 12-5. 12-5 causes of equipment underpressurization. shell side. 11-55 activity coefficient plot. equipment for. 11-45 humidity. 2-495 heat of formation. 12-5 safeguards against toxicity hazards. 23-34 fabrication. 13-14 substances. 8-76 ingestion toxicity. 13-12 asphyxiation and toxicity hazards. 12-88 I/P transducers. 11-46 humid heat. 2-276 to OSHA’s respiratory protection standard. 5-61 static electricity. 11-48 2-277 23-36 nonmetallic heat exchangers. 23-22 graphite heat exchangers. 11-52 heat-transfer resistances. 23-23 costs. 11-53 2-273 electrostatic charging. 23-22. principle types of. 22-49 23-24 humidification chambers. 16-68 physiological effects of reduced carbon dioxide ceramic. 11-12 humid gas density. 11-40 2-278 ideal gas heat capacity group contributions. 11-43 Huckel. 7-12 . 11-63 homopolymerization. 23-24 to 11-60 K-value versus residue. 2-274 to 2-275 spray nozzles. See para-hydrogen statistical mechanics. 7-15 liquid heat capacity group parameters. heat-transfer equipment for. 11-41 hydrogen. construction of. 11-58 13-45 data compilition. 23-22 cascade coolers. 11-60 high-frequency process disturbances. equipment for. 7-30 physical hazards. 23-23 fan drivers. 8-87 air cooled heat exchangers. 12-6 vacuum hazards. 7-6 hydrogen bromide synthesis. 11-59 thermodynamic properties. fans. 6-44 to 6-45 calculation methods. 8-67 atmospheres. 12-17 23-34 features of. 23-31 spiral tube exchangers. 11-59 HETP. 13-13 inerts hazards. 13-14 powders. 23-34 characteristics of tubing. aqueous. 23-36 solids. 11-48 thermodynamic properties. 11-45 caviation. flammability. 23-32 printed-circuit heat exchangers. 2-489 to 2-498 material of construction. 12-6. 2-495 heats and free energies of formation. 11-46 electric hygrometer. 8-11 sources of inerts. 23-37 11-63 h-transformation. 8-40 Antoine vapor pressure. 12-4 23-34 costs of. inorganic and organic hydrogen sulfide. 13-44 to hazardous materials and conditions. 12-16 protective measures for equipment. 22-48 mists. 2-279 to liquids. 12-28 modified Kopp’s rule. 6-45 to 6-46 gases. 7-7. to 2-497 heat pump. 2-186 to 2-195 2-282 calculation methods. thermodynamic properties. 12-17 hazardous waste storage and containers. 23-32 hairpin/double-pipe. 23-31 sheeted solids. 13-14 guidance for the corrosivity of chemical control. 2-490 outside-packed floating-head. 2-490 heat flow controller. heat exchangers. 2-206 terms for Goodman method. 11-46 wet-bulb method. 11-40 gravimetric method. 12-16 to 12-17 consequences of vacuum damage. 2-489 nonmetallic construction. 2-196 to 2-200 2-283 to 2-284 rule. 8-61 internal floating head. thermodynamic properties. 11-46 pulsating flow. 23-36 applications. 23-36 construction. heat exchangers: 12-76. 12-53. 11-59 activity coefficient plot. 2-498 heats of solution: hydrometallurgical PFD example. 7-29. 11-40 water hammer. 12-16 22-90 impervious graphite. 11-60 to step growth. principles of. percentage absolute. 11-49 K-value versus pressure. 23–37 finned double pipes. 11-48 residue map. 11-36 sling or whirling psychrometer. 23-37 solidification. ideal gas.16 INDEX hazardous materials and conditions. 2-490 U-tube. 11-35 dew point method. 8-86. 16-44 terminology. 23-22 trim coolers. 2-490 pull-through floating-head. 11-52 references. 11-39 hydrazine. multitube hairpins. 11-58 hexane: dosage equation. 2-497 and room temperature). construction of. air cooled heat exchangers heat-transfer surface fouling. high-viscosity process valve. 11-11 mechanical hygrometer. solids. 2-495 heats of combustion. 23-31 bimetallic tubes. 8-66 atmospheres. 11-60 high/low alarms.): helium. low conversion. level mesurement. 7-38 probit equation. 2-489 packed lantern ring. 23-31 fusion of solids. 2-203 to hygroscopic material. 23-34 construction. 23-37 baffles and tube bundles. static electricity. 11-36 humid volume. 23-37 TEMA-style shell-and-tube. 11-60 to 11-69 high-order lag. 11-52 heptane: personnel and clothing. 23-34 design considerations. 11-53 Henry’s Law: electrostatic discharges. falling film. 11-45 humid enthalpy. chemical kinetics. table. 11-59 height equivalent to a theoretical plate. 11-60 residue map. table. thermodynamic properties. 11-37 hydrogen. 6-44 to 6-46 heat capacity. 12-16 equipment limitations. inorganic hydrogen peroxide. 2-495 inorganic compounds in water. 23-24 compact and nontubular heat exchangers. thermodynamic properties. 11-48 to 11-49 BIP data. fixed tube sheet. 16-45 high and low temperature. 6-45 Benson method. 12-5 skin-contact toxicity. 23-23 bayonet-tube exchangers. 7-30 high and low pressure. 7-15 inhalation toxicity. 7-6 hydrogen chloride. 2-495 compounds. 23-37 PDYF. 11-55. thermodynamic properties. 11-40 hydraulic transients. toxicity: plate and frame exchangers. 2-272 to corona. 8-44 static electricity (Cont. 7-30 overinerting. 23-22 design considerations. 2-498 heat-transfer coefficient. heat exchangers for. 15-10 Goodman method. 13-12 propagating brush discharges.): (Cont. 13-70 chemical incompatibility hazards. 12-57. heat-transfer equipment for. 11-51 estimation of. 2-496 heat of reaction. 13-66 to 13-67 2-80 Ruzicka-Domalski method. 11-43 hydrocyclone flow patterns. 7-10. 11-60 high-level computer language. 11-46 humidity measurement. 8-41 2-280 calculation methods. 11-51 constants: external causes of incendive static discharges. partial pressures. saturated. 23-32 11-64 to 11-69 homogeneous catalysis. 23-36 divided solids. 11-60 Higgins contractor. Element contributions for modified Kopp’s compounds. 15-102 2-491 to 2-495 tube side. 12-26 group values and nonlinear correction. 2-205 hyperbolic trigonometry. 23-23 atmospheric sections. 11-49 to 11-53 heat-transfer rate. 11-33 to 11-46 HTU. para. 12-16 head devices. 8-72 physiological effects of reduced oxygen Teflon. 14-90 plug flow reactor. 7-22 close-clearance. 9-6 methods of integration. 16-54 expenses. effect of. 3-37 Sips. transfer coefficient-impact of droplet size. types: operations. 8-78 incompressible flow in pipes and channels. 24-41 intermodal communications. 9-6 input conversion network.): design (Cont. 6-15 to 6-16 z-transform. 6-14 partial fractions. 12-36 . 18-14 inert purge. economic.): approach to equilibrium-finite contactor with no liquid phase reaction. 16-54 administrative. 3-23 isotachic pattern. 8-63 cost of sales. 17-36 physical properties. 7-12 simple vertical. vacuum flow. 3-24 to 3-25 ISA symbols. 6-12 integral transforms. 8-70 residence time. 9-25 Karr column. 8-31 harmonic progression 3-26 reaction networks. 3-45 baffled. 24-41 to interaction number. 3-17 bottom line 9-6 trigonometric series. 7-12 function: interlocks. 3-39 Joule-Thomson effect: residence time distribution. 16-69 dividends. 3-37 to 3-40 approximate inversion-curve locus in reduced slip flow. 9-6 intellectual capital. 24-41 function of T and P or T and y. 6-10 integrated absolute error. 3-36 to 3-37 Toth. 6-9 to algebraic substitution. 6-11 integral equations. 6-20 to 6-22 open channel flow. 16-35 entrance and exit effects. 6-11 to 6-12 Laplace transform. 24-41. 3-26 gas diffusivity. 8-26 Asahi countercurrent process. 7-12 fired reactors. 3-37 to 3-40 nonisothermal flow. 9-6 regeneration. 24-41 interpolation and finite differences. 9-6 goodwill. 16-69 example of. 3-26 to 3-27 intraparticle diffusion. 9-23 sample techniques. use in control. 18-14 viscous-liquid. 6-9 numerical solution. 7-12 vertical-tube. 6-12 to 6-13 convolution integral. 7-12 24-41 turbulence. 16-13 laminar flow. 3-23 isosteric heat of adsorption. 14-90 series. 8-40 net income. 9-5. 12-35 to 12-36 convection tube bank. 9-6 particular scrubber. 3-24 isobutane. 18-10 series summation and identities. 9-6 licenses. 6-15 relation to differential equations. 15-84 arbor. 17-20 Maclaurin’s series. 9-6 integral calculus: ionic self-diffusivities. 12-26 recycle reactor. 18-9 binomial series. 9-10 consolidated. 9-23 kinetic models. 24-41. 3-26 to 3-27 investment capital. 17-19 logarithmic series. 3-23 isolation. 17-22 24-42 interest. 9-5. 3-26 observed order and activation energy. 3-46 side-entering. 14-89 residence time. 6-13 mechanical energy balance. 4-6 to 4-7 design: reactor-feed stream. 7-12 vertical cyclindrical helical. 3-46 impeller Reynolds number: convergence and divergence tests. 3-26 equally spaced forward differences. 24-41 bypassing. 7-12 fractionator-feed preheater. 3-45 to 3-47 large tanks. 16-39 drag reduction. 6-15 intelligent alarm. 6-14 to 6-15 integral control. 16-13 laminar and turbulent flow. 2-137 surface roughness values. 16-52 divided differences of higher order. 8-62 ion exchange: depreciation. 3-26 inverse trigonometric functions. 3-25 to 3-26 linear interpolation. use in control. single-row. 24-41 internal energy: impellers: heat-transfer fluid. 3-24 to 3-25 irreversible reaction. 3-45 top-entering. 9-23 experimental methods. 9-6 infrared analyzers. 16-37 molecular flow. cylindrical. 12-32 horizontal-tube box with side-mounted continuous compounding. 3-39 to 3-40 jet behavior. 2-288 to 2-289 operating income. 9-9 ammortization. 9-6 Taylor’s series. 6-10 classification. 3-22 to 3-23 isobutene. 3-27 spline functions. 9-5 fixed bed. 24-42 bypassing. 14-90 steady state. 9-5 ion exchangers: general. 3-25 Lagrange interpolation formulas. 8-84 Himsley continous system. 3-26 external mass-transfer resistance. 3-36 linear. 16-13 noncircular channels. 3-26 reaction rate. 9-6 in-line blending system. 16-8 income before extraordinary loss. 3-23 constant pattern behavior. 3-26 inventory evaluation and cost control. 18-11 partial sums. 9-6 definite integral. thermodynamic properties. 8-16 Joule-Thomson coefficient. 6-10 to 6-11 methods of solution. 16-68 selling. 7-20 radial flow. 24-42 compounding-discounting. 13-5 coil design: effective rates. 24-41 postulate definition. 7-20 implementation of MPC. 3-26 intraparticle transport mechanisms. 3-26 effectiveness factor. continuously stirred tank reactor indirect-fired combustion equipment. electrochemical reactions. thermodynamic properties. 3-39 non-Newtonian flow. 16-12 6-15 direct formula. 16-34 turbulent flow. design data. 6-13 to 6-14 Fourier cosine transform. INDEX 17 ideal reactors. 7-21 incineration. 6-13 Fourier transform. 9-23 moisture determination. 9-6 intangibles. 8-69 ion electrodes. 7-32 cross-tube convection. 9-6 indefinite integral. 18-9 exponential series. 18-14 inequality constraints. simplified. hot windbox. 3-54 square-root spreading. 8-49 constant-density system. 24-41 types of. 3-24 BET. 8-14 constant separation factor. 24-42 simple. 16-20 income taxes. 9-6 patents. 7-20 axial flow. 7-5 interest income. 3-23 to 3-24 isotherms: economic pipe diameter: series expansion. 9-5 mixed-bed. 3-45 fluid characteristics. 3-39 coordinates. 9-6 information technology. coil interfacial mass-transfer rates. 3-46 tanks. 4-4 axial-flow. 7-20 types: arithmetic progresson. 9-23 kinetic control. 7-12 column reboilers. control of. 7-20 incinerator. 24-41 internal diffusion. 9-6 properties. 6-15 trigonometric substitution. 8-68 2-137 velocity profiles. 24-42 discrete compounding. double-fired heater. 3-46 to 3-47 unbaffled. 9-6 pore size classification. 9-6 methods of integration. 7-10. 9-23 Kachford and Kile. 8-69 indirect-fired combustion equipment. additional references. 2-286 to 2-287 net sales. control. 12-36 horizontal-tube cabin. 14-89 (Cont. 9-6 sums for numbers to integer powers. 16-13 friction factor and Reynold’s number. 9-4. 3-36 to 3-37 Freundlich. 16-18 income statement. 8-33 central differences. 6-11 intelligent field devices. 18-9 geometric progression. 18-14 infinite series: equally spaced backward differences. 8-31. 16-9 to 16-11 gross margin. 18-12 definitions. 15-92 to 15-93 screw-conveyor extractors. 2-147 liquid phase reactors. 7-33 phase velocity. reaction kinetics. 15-11 Lagrange multipliers. 8-61 nonpetroleum: solutrope. 9-4 extractant. 15-10 computational fluid dynamics (CFD). 12-5. 13-13 current liabilities. 15-11 Lapple equation. 19-20 to 19-21 uses. 15-10 Wilson. partial. 13-8 to 13-9 long-term liabilities: mass-transfer coefficients. electrochemical reactions. 18-61 growth on foreign nuclei. 14-98 kuhni column. 8-63 life-cycle analysis and multimedia analysis. 7-37 closed and balanced. 15-10 analytical correlations. 18-65 cross-flow extraction. 15-10 Knox equation. 18-65 liquid-liquid extraction. 15-60 to 15-62 leaching cycle and contact method. 15-10 kinetic rate equation. 15-15 ladder diagram. 15-10 definition of. 18-66 liquid/liquid equilibrium. 15-8 law of mass action. 18-64 two-fluid (pneumatic) atomizers. thermodynamic properties. See petroeum fuels throughput. 15-6 to 15-22 15-63 graphical method. 16-22 Sauter-mean drop diameter. 18-64 spray angle. 15-84 to 15-85 Lurgi frame belt. 15-11 SKK. 9-5 interfacial tension. 24-10 theoretical stage. 12-26 characteristics. 18-60 droplet size distribution. 15-10 miniplant tests. 13-13 current part of long term debt. 22-100 linear programming. 15-83 to 15-84 Kennedy extractor. 14-93 15-8 methods of operation. 8-91 phase inversion. 9-5 mass-transfer units. 15-79 to 15-80 Pachuca tanks. 15-11 15-63 software packages. 9-4 distribution ratio. 15-11 Marguiles. 15-58 to Bonotto extractor. 9-5 flood point. 15-62 to process and operating conditions. 16-44 liability account. 15-10 K-values: level measurements. leaching. 15-10 landfill sites. 15-11 latent heat of evaporation. 15-59 composition diagrams. 14-96 liquid-liquid extraction. 15-103 separating agent. 15-58 to 15-59 process selection and/or design. 15-7 to 15-10 organic compounds. 9-5 k-value. 2-148 to 2-149 liquid-column pressure measure. 15-82 to 15-83 dispersed-solids leaching. 9-4 distribution coefficient (k). 15-11 mass-transfer models. 9-5. 24-10 standard extraction. 15-10 LAN-based. 15-10 Kister and Haas spray regime. 15-8 equipment. 24-11 solvent extraction. 8-58 acetic acid recovery example. 15-11 deferred income taxes. 24-10 staged contactor. 18-60 rotary atomizers. 8-70 linear driving force approximation. 9-5 distribution constant (k). 8-29 selectivity. 15-80 to 15-82 percolators. 15-85 to 15-86 Hildebrandt total-immersion extractor. 15-85 gravity sedimenter. 18-65 counter-current extraction. 9-5 flooding. 7-6 liquid-in-gas dispersions. 14-95 scheibel extraction column. 9-5 fractional extraction. 18-65 dispersed phase. 15-10 ladder logic. 8-43 extraction solvent. 14-92 rotating-impeller columns. 15-10 total liabilities.): Arrhenius temperature dependence. 14-93 hydro metallurgical applications. 14-97 agitated extraction columns. 15-10 lab-on-a-chip. 9-4 extract. 7-17 example of. 8-7 liquid chromatography. equipment. 15-11 lag phase. 14-59 asset account. 18-61 liquid-sheet breakup. 17-46 revenue account. 14-92 rotating-disk contactor. 15-87 type of reactor. 14-93 pulsed-liquid columns. 18-65 continuous phase. 15-92 to 15-93 rotocel extractor. 15-10 scale-up. 18-63 isolated droplet breakup-in a velocity field. 15-59 to extractor-sizing calculations. 9-4 equillibrium stage. 15-11 liquid-liquid mixes design. 13-13 accounts payable. 18-64 liquid breakup into droplets. 15-86 to 15-91 temperature. 15-10 kinetics. 2-290 to 2-291 Lefebvre formula. 9-5 mixed solvent as solvent blend. 15-10 Kozeny-Carman equation. 18-62 to 18-63 pipeline contactors. 9-4 emulsion. 15-59 to 15-60 solvent choice. 15-10 Ivan Laar. surface-reaction controlling. methods. 14-92 raining-bucket contactor. 14-98 distillation impracticalities. definitions (Cont. 15-10 graphical correlations. 15-87 to 15-88 terminal stream compositions and quantities. 14-94 extractor selection. 15-11 miscellaneous materials. 7-35 least squares. 15-11 2-147 tar sands. 15-11 flooding phenomena. 15-79 to 15-86 de Smet belt extractor. 14-93 single-stage. mechanism. 14-97 volumetric efficiency. 15-88 to 15-89 . 18-60 dropwise distribution. 18-59 to 18-66 atomizers. complex. 14-98 multistage. 15-11 Uniqual. 4-35 hydrodynamics of column extractors. 18-59 to 18-60 droplet breakup-high turbulence. 8-35 limiting reactant. 15-10 laser level transmitter. 18-63 droplets. 15-11 Kuhni column. 8-60 feed. 15-11 Kister and Gill correlation. 15-11 Hadden’s method. 24-7 to 24-11 solutes. 15-8 Bollman-type extractor. 8-72 limit switches. 13-12 accrued expenses. economic. economic. 15-10 Kirchhoff’s law. 18-64 entrainment due to gas bubbling/jetting through leum gases (LPG). 9-6 modifier. 15-11 mixer-settler equipment. 2-145 to shale oil. 7-19 limiting current. 9-10 partition ratio (k). thermodynamics. 15-8 batch-stirred tanks. 13-9 to 13-15 liabilities. 8-62 separation factor. 18-61 spontaneous (homogeneous) nucleation. 14-93 removal of acid residue from liquefied petro- BMA diffusion tower. 15-86 to 15-87 18-65 dilutant. 14-91 reciprocating-plate columns. 9-5 liquid-liquid extraction. 18-66 definitions: axial mixing. 9-4 dispersion. 13-13 income taxes payable. 18-60 to 18-64 effect of physical properties on drop size. 15-10 krypton. 18-65 counter-current cascade. 15-11 elements and inorganic compounds. 14-92 aromatic compound petrochemical separation. 15-11 Langmuir-Hinshelwood rate. last in first out basis. 7-7 raffinate. high-performance. 9-5 feed as carrier solvent. 18-65 to 18-65 cross-current extraction. 18-64 to 18-66 “upper limit” flooding vertical tubes. 13-9 bonds and notes. 12-93 extraction facter. 7-35 ledger. 15-91 to 15-92 tray classifer. 18-62 effect of pressure drop and nozzle size. 7-35 liqui-Cel membrane contactors. 22-21 pK a. structured packing. 15-10 inorganic compounds (J/kmol). 13-7 notes payable. 14-95 centrifugal extractors. 18-61 liquid-column breakup. 15-10 latent heats: coal-derived. 18-61 to 18-62 hydraulic (pressure) nozzles. 17-46 liquid fuels. 8-39 liquid-liquid extraction. 5-19 ledger accounts. 8-50 LIFO. 15-10 Laplace transforms. 14-91 antibiotic recovery from fermentation broth. 14-42 expense account. differential contactor. 2-155 petroleum. 14-93 15-8 definitions. 18-61 a liquid.18 INDEX kinetic parameters. 15-83 level control. 18-63 fog condensation-the-other way to make little 15-93 continuous dispersed-solids leaching. 16-13 cupronickel. 19-44 to 19-46 principles. 25-36 activity coefficients. 17-43 10-142 high-temperature metals. 25-34 from the bulk. 25-5. 7-30 ethylene trifluoroethylene. 25-44 separation factor. 5-43 to 5-83 polyethylene. 5-60 to 5-61 McCabe-Thiele method. 8-50 cement. 10-141 bronze. thermodynamic basis. 5-59 to 5-61 singular-value decomposition. 15-97 to 15-98 correlations. thermosets. 3-42 bubble columns. 25-36 22 to 15-32 lumping. 16-27 principal component analysis. 10-142 duplex. 3-4 hydrocyclones. 25-35 packed columns. 15-27 Chilton-Colburn analogy. 15-78 to 15-79 Loeb equation. 8-48 inorganic. 25-32 Constantinov and Gani method. 25-33 features and design concepts. thermodynamic properties. 5-66 to 5-68 titanium. 7-33 measurement. 5-49.): equipment (Cont. 17-36 USTs versus ASTs. 13-24 container materials and safety. 10-143 cast iron: center-fed crystallizers. 10-142 6Mo family alloys. concrete. 15-23 to 15-24 mass flow network. 25-44 recommended model systems. 2-471 to 2-472 standards. 25-32 to 25-34 salting-out. 5-65 matrix computations. 15-96 submerged objects. 8-67 brick. 17-56 Hastelloy alloys. 25-37 15-103 5-82 stress rupture. spray and trayed towers. INDEX 19 liquid-liquid extraction. 16-27 to 16-28. properties (Cont. 25-41 data collection equations. 25-37 phase equilibrium data source. 15-23 to 15-25 management information systems. 5-69 to 5-70 equality of matrices. 5-63 to 5-64 matrix algebra. 10-143 aluminum and alloys. 10-143 theories. serial interface. 10-143 austenetic. 8-63 perfluoroalkoxy. 8-61 shop-fabricated storage tanks. 15-25 to 15-27 cofficients. 15-90 to 15-91 loading ratio correlation. 15-23 mass flow controllers. 25-33 min and max solvent-to solvent ratios. 25-47 suspended-fiber contactor. 3-41 to 3-43 examples. 5-68 tantalum. saturated. 8-69 Monel 400. and bubbles in agitated sys. 10-140 rate equations in absorbent particles. 19-46 to 19-47 concentrated systems. 10-144 ceramic-fiber insulated linings. and bubble columns. 15-74 to 15-78 low alarms. 15-27 to 15-32 mass fraction. 15-32 effects of concentrations. 25-31 calculation methods. 3-42 packed. 3-41 liquid-liquid reactors. 5-61 to 5-62 operating line. 5-80 to 5-82 zirconium.): 2-292 copper and alloys. 25-34 ionizable organic salts and pH. 13-16 to 13-25 tubular reactors. 15-70 to 15-74 long-term scheduling. 5-83 QR factorization. 25-37 to 25-44 15-24 mass action law. 3-42 to 3-43 agitated stir tanks. 15-69 to 15-70 low level. materials of construction. 3-41 to 3-42 types of. 15-101 to 15-102 tems. 13-24 calculation of tank volume. 5-75 to differentiation. 15-28 mass spectroscopy. 15-99 constant separation factors. 3-40 settlers. nonmetallics. 2-471 state and local jurisdictions. 15-89 to 15-90 load cells. 15-32 effects of chemical reactions. 7-23 aboveground storage tank types and options. 5-74 thermoplastics. 8-60 lead and alloys. low temperature metals. 25-49 baffle tray columns. direct mass. 25-6 equipment and applications. 15-22 to 15-25 magnetic flowmeters. 10-144 pinch point. 15. 25-6 melting point. 10-142 materials of construction. 15-101 packed two-phase contactors. 15-23 manufacturing expenses. storage of. manufacturing resource planning. low-frequency process disturbances. 15-28 to 15-32 mass ratio. 5-61 polyvinylidene fluoride. 8-71 incoloy. 20-7 to 20-9 open tanks. 10-146 mass-transfer controlled. 15-98 to 15-99 5-76 integration. 15-26 definitions. 10-143 carbon steel. 10-145 mass-transfer coefficients. mixer-settler lithium. 25-34 coalescers. 16-24 B-line. switch. 25-51 second-order groups contributions. drops. 20-9 to 20-10 secondary containment ASTs. 9-18 to 9-21 nickel alloys. 19-42 to 19-47 external mass-transfer control. 8-60 ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene. 3-41 sizing methods. 15-101 to 15-102 effects of total temperature. 25-36 spray columns. 16-8 pond and underground cavern storage. 25-37 phase diagrams. 15-102 single flat plate. 25-41 experimental methods. 5-77 to 5-79 LU factorization. 10-140 material balance. 12-4 fluorinated ethylene propylene. 25-37 liquid-liquid extraction. 25-34 axial dispersion coefficients. 20-3 environmental regulations. 25-41 liquid-liquid phase separation equipment. 25-31 first-order groups contributions. 15-96 effects of total pressure. 15-63 to 15-69 logical operators. salting-in and non-ionic solutes. 25-41 temperature effect. 25-34 static extraction columns. 5-59 to 5-60 construction. 25-34 specialized equipment. 20-9 posttensioned concrete. 2-471 variable-volume tanks. 5-74. 10-140 solid diffusion control. 2-472 . nonmetallics: sieve tray columns. normal. bubbles. 25-32 phase diagrams. 25-44 thermodynamic models. 25-34 other separators. 15-102 particles. 25-33 comparison of processes. 5-83 matrices. 19-42 to 19-44 interfacial mass transfer area. 15-97 to 15-100 volumetric. 12-6. 20-6 to 2-10 fire codes. ferritic. 19-41 to 19-42 falling films. 5-61 polyvinyl chloride. 15-22 to 15-23 magnetically coupled devices. 10-143 stainless steel. 7-38. 7-39 glassed steel. 25-41 plait point. 10-142 brass. 25-37 data quality. 3-4 ultrafiltration membranes. 16-27 feed stage location. 12-4 furon. 25-45 to 25-46 mechanical scrubbers. 8-66 creep. 16-30 matrix operations. 10-140 materials: mechanical deactivation. 14-24 MCM-41. 20-3 elevated tanks. equipment. 5-45. 8-68 organic. 3-41 vented decanters. 15-101 flow in pipes. 2-472 venting. 20-3. 13-19 to 13-22 atmospheric tanks. 20-8 fixed roofs. 25-46 to 25-51 melt crystallization: double-wall. 16-14 to 16-17 epoxy. 25-31 end-fed crystallizers. mechanism reduction. 5-82 to 5-83 rubber. 15-96 to effects of system physical properties. 5-83 polytetrafluoroethylene. 16-31 firebrick. 25-34 electrotreaters. 15-63 to 15-79 local equilibrium theory. 5-68 tinplate. 12-53. 19-43 fixed and fluidized beds. 5-74. 8-59 to 8-60 porcelain. 16-17 mechanical centrifugal separators. mathematical constants. 13-19 to 13-22 pressure tanks: optimum reflux ratio. 19-46 diluted systems. 3-40 to 3-41 design considerations. 15-99 to 15-100 drops. 25-41 centrifuges. 20-4 separation distances. 8-66 glass. properties: comparison of features. 15-27 to 15-28 mass transfer. 13-19 to 13-22 liquids. 3-40 decanters with coalescing intervals. 10-141 martensitic alloys. 10-144 low-alloy. 3-40 to 3-41 overall process considerations. 25-37 tie-line correlations. 25-36 extraction factor. 5-62 to 5-82 matrix calculus. 5-75 to 5-76 mathematical signs. 25-47 feed characteristics. 13-22 types of. 8-76 boundaries. 7-31 driving force. 23-11 uniformity. 8-29 process configurations: methanol: advantages. 16-56 high performance polymers. 8-87 selectivity and permeability. 18-23 background. 7-29 kinetic diameters. 20-43 to 20-44 residue curve. 13-13 capacitance method. 20-63 methyl chloride. 20-43 methyl acetate: moisture content and gradient. 20-54 to 20-56 liquids and gases. 8-70 plane geometric figures with curved mixers-settlers. 20-57 applications. 13-90 modular field-mounted controllers. thermodynamic properties. 20-58 flow schemes. 7-31 principles of operation: chemical. 19-50 to 19-53 advanced materials.): mixing: background and definitions: K-value versus pressure. 20-58 sensitivity of composition and temperature. 8-91 metabolite. 20-56 to 20-57 Monod kinetics. 7-30. 8-63 economics. 7-29 helium. gas separation: Antoine vapor pressure. 18-22 metabolic flux analysis. 3-7 to 3-8 jet mixers. 7-29 examples: methyl ethyl ketone: number chain length distribution. 12-6 membrane types. 20-57 properties. 6-26 to 6-30 energy requirements. 7-31 valves. 8-45 multiplexer. 7-33 irregular areas and volumes. 20-56 multiphase flow. 7-31 liquid-liquid extraction. 8-77 plasticization. 3-54 limiting cases. unaccomplished. 20-56 slurry bubble column reactors. 8-29 batch and fed-batch. 24-11 to 24-12 methane: mechanical agitation. 20-57 grow rate. 18-24 nanofiltration. 13-70. 20-60 microprocessor-based transmitters. 20-61 characterization and tests. 22-103 mesh equations. control of. thermodynamic moisture. 18-21 multivariable control. 19-53 to 19-56 caulked. 13-30 to 1332 pumps. 13-14 disadvantages. 8-31 NFF. 20-37 to 20-38 thermodynamic properties. 12-4. 20-44 to 20-45 BIP data. 20-57 residue map. flammability. 16-40 vapor recovery. 2-293 orifices. 20-60 examples. 18-22 thermodynamic state functions. integration of. 2-295 nozzles. 8-66 trickle bed reactors. 18-20 National Electric Code. 20-57 Monte Carlo simulations. 20-60 to 20-61 membranes. 17-42 membrane systems. 20-55 CSTRs. 20-54 solid/liquid or slurry. 20-54 gases and solids. 20-58 water. simulated. 20-40 to 20-41 percent concentration. 20-56 MPC. 20-54 bioreactors. 13-14 moisture measurement. requirements for low-temperature dispersion. 20-59 description. agitated: natural gas. 2-300 to 2-301 mole fraction. 3-21 mercury: line mixer. 8-22 polarization. 7-31 equations. 18-24 analysis. 12-4 membrane replacement. 6-30 to 6-32 fouling. 18-22 municipal waste. 18-21 3-21 to 3-22 3-6 definition. 19-49 to 19-50 partial pressure pinch. plane geometric figures with straight boundaries. 20-61 ceramic. 3-8 mixed potential principle. 7-33 multiple transition system. 8-29 continuous. 20-56 fluidized GLS reactors. 20-60 fouling. 8-12 temperature effects. 18-21 partial derivatives of all thermodynamic solid geometric figures with plane boundaries. 8-34 to 2-294 packed tubes. 20-61 inversion. 16-32 miscellaneous formulas. 20-38 to 20-39 explosion apparatus. 7-30 vessels. 18-21 multivariable optimization. 20-59 to 20-60 equipment configuration: moving bed systems. 20-60 track-etched. 23-12 model predictive control. 20-56 multi-input. saturated. 2-57 equation. 8-31 diafiltration. 20-60 polarization. 7-31 gas permeation units. 3-6 to 3-8 microscopic reversibility. 20-57 product inhibition. 20-55 electrochemical reactors. 23-12 ratio. 20-60 process limitations: agitated slurry reactors. 8-5 . 12-17 pipe lines. 8-63 description. 20-61 from solids. 20-59 cassettes. 19-18 to 19-20 applications. 20-59 economics. thermodynamic moments: oxygen-nitrogen. 20-58 microfiltration: of distribution. 3-8 mixed-feed evaporator. 6-30 system design. 7-18. 20-61 properties. 3-6 injectors. 20-44 residue map. 19-56 to 19-57 organic. 18-22 multivariable statistical techniques. 8-39 Merkel equation. 13-79 moisture bound. 7-29 gas dehydration. 10-127 drop size. 20-58 food and dairy. 12-26 commercial modules. 18-22 metabolic network. 7-29 carbon dioxite-methane. 20-55 to 2-56 multiphase reactors. 12-26 membranes. See reverse osmosis metabolic pathways. 12-26 TFF. 20-61 to 20-63 methyl butane (isopentane). 20-57 motorized valves. 7-31 purposes. 19-57 metallic. 21-50 coalescence. 2-304 molecular weight distribution. flow. 13-13 moving horizon. 7-18. 20-60 conventional design. 20-43 to 20-45 Antoine vapor pressure. 7-35 types of: stretched polymers. 13-12 maximum mixedness. 20-57 methyl pentane (isohexane). 12-4 product losses. modules: methane in air. 6-26 to 6-32 time effects. 15-89 multiport. 18-23 supercompressibility. 20-57 BIP data. 20-56 substrate inhibition. 8-26 saturated. 20-36 to 20-37 pressure versus time data obtained from gas mixing times. 24-10 to 24-11 toughness tests for. 3-6 equipment. 2-302 to 2-303 method of. 24-11 metals. pressure as a function of volume model development. 13-79 number molecular weight distribution. 2-296 to 2-297 mobile-bed scrubbers. multi-output systems. 24-11 flammability diagram for. 18-21 multivariable calculus and thermodynamics. 20-58 pharmaceutical. 20-54 motion conversion. 20-54 types: catalytic. 18-23 negative feedback loop. 19-49 to 19-60 modules and housings.20 INDEX membrane separation processes: methane (Cont. leacheate. 20-40 to 20-43 thermodynamic properties. 7-29 hydrogen. 7-31 Barrer conversion factors. weight chain length distribution. 3-21 enthalpy-log-pressure. polymers. 18-21 state functions. 24-10 to 24-12 metal powders. 20-58 13-79 to 13-80 weight molecular weight distribution. unbound. 7-7 multiple reactions. 18-21 functions. 2-298 to 2-299 moisture change. 8-69 single-pass. 20-42. 18-23 liquefied. line mixers. 3-22 solids bounded by curved surfaces. 19-57 mensuration formulas. 12-26 compression. 20-60 ceramics. 19-20 component transport. 20-62 properties. thermodynamic mole ratio. 8-65. 8-28 ordinary differential equations: mass-transfer-rate expression. 12-58 stiffness. 14-57 noise control. energy balances (Cont. initial value physical properties. packing.): oxidative phosphorylation. 4-15 ordinary differential equations. numerical first order. 2-305 to 2-306 open systems. 13-70 global optimization. 3-54 modeling and prediction. 14-13 nonhygroscopic material. 14-73 method of continuity (homotopy). 8-34 mass. column efficiency. 14-72 false position. 8-5 removal systems. calculation. 3-31 wetting. 3-47 molecular dynamics. 16-55 substrates. 3-30 minimum wetting rate. 12-106 to 12-109 random packings. 3-44 linear equations. 2-318 to 2-319 out-of-control situation. 7-38 Nusselt number. 17-37 finite difference method. 14-15 sharp-edge. 22-72 operating curve. gas-liquid systems. 8-62 singularities. 8-59 partial differential equations. 3-30 liquid holdup. 14-79 polynomials. 10-18 computer software. 3-48 implicit methods. 3-44 to 3-45 separable variables. 3-44 distinct real roots. 8-34 HTU and K data. 7-38 Chebyshev’s equation. 4-14 oxygen. 14-63 first-degree least squares with three points. thermodynamic properties. 3-52 HETP prediction. 9-6 steady-state. 14-73 nonlinear programming. 2-307 to 2-308 operating expenses. thermodynamic operating points. 8-25 parabolic equations in two or three energy balances: oxidation. 17-13 hyperbolic equations. discharge coefficients for. thermodynamic properties. fundamental mass transfer. bifurcations. 8-34 orifice meter. 3-47 singular problems and infinite domains. 14-12 nonharmonic frequency. 9-17 overflow. 8-66 3-64 pressure drop. 14-68 thermodynamics. 3-56 to 3-58 Ohmic control. 22-43 to 22-44 temperature. high and low boiling. 12-19 mixed integer programming. 3-30 stripping equations. 7-33 overload conditions. 22-54 operating margin. 8-27 finite volume methods. 3-50 nonlinear models. VLE. purpose of controller. 3-67 to 3-69 packed-tower design. 8-81 quadrant-edge. 14-54 2-311 to 2-312 optimization. enthalpy- Newton’s linearization. 5-61 adaptive meshes. 3-30 aging of packing. 14-56 noise measurement. 3-70 packed-column flood and pressure drop. 14-53 properties. 8-50 Hermite’s equation. 7-38 equations of balance. 7-37 orifices: numerical solution. 3-56 octane. 3-47 computer software. 3-32 to 3-34 weighted. 3-44 to 3-45 exact equations. 3-47 spreadsheet solutions. 3-50 to 3-51 para-hydrogen. 3-49 to 3-50 paramagnetism. 2-313 to 2-315 development of optimization models. 3-47 Galerkin finite element method. 3-51 linear model. 3-44 linear nonhomogeneous. 3-58 . single reaction. limit cycles. 14-69 numerical integration (quadrature). 3-51 to 3-54 maldistribution and its effects on packing smoothing techniques. 3-48 stability. 14-80 Newton-Raphson method. 9-18 to 9-21 packed bed height. 2-310 operation and troubleshooting. 8-19 chlorine. catalytic reduction. 7-37 trapezoidal rule. 7-37. 9-10. 3-44 dependenct variable missing. 14-79 nonlinear regression. 14-73 method of Wegstein. thermodynamic properties. 3-48 to 3-51 parameter estimation. 14-73 normal logic. 3-30 operating curve. 8-18 Euler’s equation. 4-14 oxide sensors. 8-19 optimization methods without derivatives. 3-53 to 3-54 factors affecting HETP. 7-37 two-dimensional formula. 14-68 characteristics. 3-45 linear homogeneous. scale-up. 3-31 to 3-32 preflooding. boundary value effect of errors. 3-54 to on/off control. 7-14 enthalpy-pressure. quench tank for. INDEX 21 neon. 2-309 open-loop system. 14-73 successive substitutions. 9-39 structured packings. calculation. thermodynamic properties. 3-66 to 3-67 flood and pressure-drop prediction. 3-45 complex roots. 14-54. 3-53 implications of maldistribution for packing design numerical derivatives. 3-60 to flood-point definition. 3-32 absorption and stripping. 14-67 Gaussian quadrature. 14-55 nodes. single reaction. 3-50 to 2-282 Romberg’s method. 3-60 to 3-70 packed-bed scrubbers. 3-48 numerical solution. 8-63 net worth economic. 3-30 transfer units. 3-31 loadings. 3-47 to 3-48 ordinary differential equations. 3-30 packed-tower design. 2-240. 14-11 to non self-regulating. 17-42 nitrous oxide. 3-32 comparison of various packing efficiencies for nozzles: Legendre’s equation. 4-11 nonlinear equations in one variable. 8-90 Laguerre’s equation. 14-12 thermodynamic properties. 8-94 3-56 open systems: override control. 9-6 packed columns. 8-81 single-variable. 12-26 unconstrained. 3-58 offsite capital. 16-48 parabolic equations in one dimension. effect off. 8-8 packing objectives. 3-44 independent variable missing. 8-59 elliptic equations. 3-30 height. 3-30 distributors. 14-63 nozzle amplifer. 14-53 nitrogen tetroxide. 3-47 orthogonal collocation 3-53 efficiency. 3-44 higher order. 4-14 ozone conversion to oxygen in prescence of nitrogen: open-loop method. 14-72 methods of perturbation. 3-31 two liquid phases. absorber. 3-58 O’Connell correlation. 4-15 to 4-16 problems: effect of pressure. 3-48 problems: underwetting. 3-47 sensitivity analysis. 14-63 Nukiyama and Tanasaws equation. 14-76 Newton-Raphson procedure.economic. 14-73 non-self regulating. 2-316 to 2-317 to 3-66 calculation of transfer units. 8-35 Bessel’s equation. 7-38 organic pollutants. 3-30 to 3-31 high viscosity and surface tension. 2-281 parabolic rule (Simpson’s rule). 16-55 objective function. 3-54 to 3-59 occupational safety and health act. 2-323 Newton’s method. saturated. 14-67 NTU. 14-63 numerical differentiation. 14-13 nonlinear decouplers. 3-51 network of reactions. 2-320 to 2-322 neutralization-extraction hybrid. 3-52 to 3-53 HETP vs. thermodynamic properties. 14-67 computer methods. 8-34 HETP data for absorber design. 14-60 nitrogen trifluoride. opportunity cost. 14-69 three-point formulas. 3-47 differential-algebraic systems. 8-81 gradient-based nonlinear programming. 4-15 concentration. 14-59 nomograph. thermodynamic properties. 3-65 14-13 nonane. 3-47 numerical solutions. 14-70 second-degree least squares with five points. 14-72 method of successive substitution. 7-16 dimensions. 7-31 Nernst equation. 3-44 special differential equations. 14-11 methods. 8-12 overpressure protection. 3-51 to 3-52 practice. partial pressures over various parametric pumping. 4-14 to 4-15 oxygen-nitrogen mixture at 1 atm. 14-11 nitrogen oxides. 3-32 packing efficiency. 15-19 entropy balance. 3-44 multiple real roots. 7-32 general. 4-11 solutions. partial. 4-13 Descartes rule. 3-32 underwetting. 3-30 diameter. 21-45 pervaporation (Cont. 24-9 wall effects. 13-12 flammability properties. 14-127 gravitational photo sedimentation methods. 6-55 to 6-56 21-51 kinematic viscosity. 20-64 to 20-65 vapor pressure. 14-114 particle shape factor. 21-47 hydrophobic. 24-23 to 24-24 other collectors. 7-35 gravitational x-ray sedimentation methods. 21-18 K-value versus pressure. 2-468 . 21-14 carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons. 24-25 separations of unstable systems. 4-18 to 4-19 energy required and scale-up. 21-14 lean premixing. 24-24 pH-auxostat. 17-25 powders. 2-477 to 2-478 static image analysis. 21-16 sulfate. 2-467 ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy. 21-10 distribution. 21-15 performance index. 1-111 particle shape. 21-16 examples: tion of. 21-47 membranes. 4-19 energy laws. 21-17 nitrogen oxides. 17-24 typical grinding circuits. and thermal NOx. 6-55 liberation. 17-24 types of grinding. 20-65 empirical QSPR correlations. 7-14 hydrodynamic diameter. 20-64 to 20-66 Gibbs-Duhem equation. 24-9 time-dependent motion. 21-46 pH neutralization. 13-70 heat capacity. 24-24 chemical defoaming techniques. collection of. electrostatic precipitators. 8-38 photoelectric pyrometer. sampling and sample splitting. 21-49 operational factors. control in flames: fine mists. 21-12 pattern tests. 20-65 dust. 24-24 to 24-25 physical defoaming techniques.22 INDEX partial molar properties: particle size reduction. 2-509 Stokes’ diameter. 6-54 to 6-55 temperature stability. 21-8 gas-phase continuous systems. 21-51 heat capacity. 24-9 nonspherical rigid particles. 21-48 hydrophilic. 17-24 operational considerations. dry. 21-13 enrichment factor. 21-46 requirements for fuel oils. 16-31 photoconductors. 2-324 to 2-325 latent enthalpy. 14-126 dynamic image analysis. 8-58 laser diffraction methods. 21-45 pH measurement. 6-51 to 6-56 size reduction combined with size classifica. 8-30 surface tension. 21-13 flue gas recirculation. 2-486 to 2-489 sieving methods. PFBC unit. 24-10 particle dynamics. 21-14 definitions. 14-126 21-18 emission control. 21-50 properties. 21-12 thermodynamic properties. 2-463 to 2-517 Lorenz-Mie theory. 24-23 automatic foam control. 8-63 process-gas sampling. 14-25 at-line. 24-24 separation of foam. 21-46 specification. pervaporation: thermal properties. 21-18 perforate and siphon centrifuge coparisn. 24-23 particle size analysis. 21-15 peat. air and fuel staging. 20-64 particle density. 21-14 peak-to-peak amplification. sampling reliability. 21-13 fuel. 21-8 phase separation. 24-24 liquid-phase continuous systems. 6-53 size reduction combined with other operations. 21-19 17-25 energy requirements for inertial-impaction on-line. 24-9 liquid drops in liquids. 21-12 pentane: density. 21-45 vapor feed. 20-65 corresponding states (CS). 14-125 in-line. 20-65 computational chemistry (CCC). 14-113 particle size analysis. 21-52 pour point. 8-58 image analysis method. 17-36 photobodies. 21-14 pollution control. 6-51 to 6-56 mill wear. 12-53 data. 17-24 eration. particle-size analysis in the process environment. 22-53 efficiency. 21-12 particulate formulation. thermal expansion. 14-128 Fraunhofer theory. 21-8 collection mechanisms. 14-129 dynamic light scattering method. 21-15 permeability. 14-112 diffraction patterns. 24-8 particle measurements. 24-7 physcial properties: light scattering. heat of combustion 24-9 liquid drops in gases. 24-9 spherical particles. 12-26 thermal conductivity. 21-16 description. 14-123 verification. 24-23 particle growth and nucleation. 8-19 photometric moisture analysis. 2-467 to 2-468 surface area determination. 17-23 particulates specification. 21-46 phase rule. 14-129 focused-beam techniques. 2-489 to 2-497 shape factor. 17-24 hygroscopicity. 8-64 light extinction. 14-112 centrifugal sedimention methods. 21-11 grindability methods. 17-24 to 17-25 particles. 21-15 pendular state. 21-51 ultimate analyses. 21-19 particulate emissions. gas sampling. cohesive and free-flowing. 21-16 particulates: foam prevention. 24-7 to 24-8 atmospheric pollution. 12-54. 21-14 particulate scrubber. 21-51 commercial. 24-24 types of gas-in-liquid dispersions. 4-18 breakage modes and grindability. 6-51 to 6-52 size classification. 20-66 particle dispersion. dry grinding. 14-128 electrical sensing zone methods. 2-515 to 2-517 sedimentation balance methods. 21-10 continuous phase uncertain. 21-11 design and selection of collection devices. 20-65 viscosity. 21-52 relative density. 2-509 to 2-513 spectroscopy. principles. 14-126 methods and equipment. deagglom. 14-111 particle Reynolds number. 21-52 thermal conductivity. 6-52 to 6-53 other systems involving size reduction. 12-76 particle sizing. 21-17 residue map. 17-24. 18-132 physical constants. 2-497 to 2-504 mercury porosimetry. particle fracture vs. 24-24 phosgene synthesis. 2-468 to 2-477 single-particle light interaction methods. 21-50 petroleum fuels: wet. 21-16 unburned carbon. 20-63 physical properties. 17-24 industrial uses of grinding. 21-11 electrically qugmented collectors. 16-10 fine size limit. 17-24 wet vs. 14-126 gravitational sedimentation methods. classifica- Stokes’ law. 20-65 fume. photon correlation and cros. 21-13 partition ratio. 14-124 acoustic methods. 12-26 prediction and correlation. 21-51 safety. 2-504. 24-8 to 24-10 gas bubbles. 21-11 14-113 21-19 spinning riffler. source control. 21-19 particulate fluidization. 21-51 considerations: particle dispersoid properties. 21-18 dehydration. 14-127 gas adsorption. 20-64 Gibbs energy. 21-14 organic from water. 17-19 particle-size analysis. 14-112 Brownian motion. 21-12 cryogenic grinding. 14-125 particle-size measurement. 6-53 to 6-54 tion. 21-8 to 21-10 collection equipment. 21-19 particles and particle dispersoids characteristics. 2-478 to 2-486 correlation. estimation methods. 2-513 to 2-515 small-angle x-ray scattering method. 21-15 cenospheres. 14-126 differential electrical mobility analysis (DMA). 21-14 24-25 mist and spray definitions. 21-48 modules. 2-468 ultrafine particle size analyzer. 17-24 dispersing agents and grinding aids. 21-17 sulfur oxides. 4-27 particle Nusselt number. 24-10 Stokes’ settling diameter. 8-58 Leeds and Northrup. 21-18 soot. 17-24 to 17-26 single-particle fracture. 6-56 theoretical background. 24-9 hindered settling. prompt. 17-6 fiber mist eliminators. 21-12 to 21-13 mineral matter.): equation of state parameters. 24-9 to 24-10 terminal settling velocity. 8-26 isokinetic sampling. 10-76 loads and displacement strains. 10-88 assembly and erection. fitting piping systems. 10-124 physisorption. 2-467 pipe. 10-107 plastic-lined steel pipe. 10-77 maximum reactions for simple systems. 19-16 grooved joints. 10-87 required weld quality assurance. 10-105 with conical ends. 10-87 piping systems. 10-100 metallic components. 8-93 diaphragm. estimation methods. 10-135 group contributions (GC). 19-8 flared-fitting joint. forces of piping on process classification of (Cont. nonferrous metal. 10-123 PID controllers. 10-107 polypropylene. 10-74 effects of support. 8-61 butterfly. 10-99 tilting-disk check valves. metals. 5-16 welded joints. and terminal move. flexibility classification for. 2-7 to 2-27 thermoplastic used as linings. 10-114 tracers. 10-135 glass-lined steel pipe and fittings. types of. 10-101 straight-pipe threads. 10-98 concrete pipe. 10-81 10-120 Planck’s Law. 8-77 union joints. 10-94 to 10-95 temperature. 2-467 to 2-468 malleable-iron threaded fittings. 10-87 test conditions. 10-85 ambient influences. 10-87 flexibility stress. 10-115 pneumatic measurement devices. 10-88 cold spring. 10-103 glass pipe and fittings. metallic with nonmetallic pipe and locations of orifices and nozzles relative to. hanger-spacing ranges for RTR pipe. 22-24 V-clamp joints. 7-16 tubing joints. 10-88. 10-115 pneumatic amplifier. 10-123 molecular simulations. piping system materials. 10-101 seal weld. choosing the best. 10-106 bolting. 10-107 flanged-end pipe. 10-97. cost rankings and cost ratios for. 10-93 pressure. 10-88 requirements for analysis. 22-24 butt-welding fittings. 10-121 physical properties. 10-98 of. 10-108 clamped-insert joint. 10-121 organic compounds. fabrication. heat tracing of. 10-123 titanium. piping materials. copper and copper alloys. 8-58 miscellaneous mechanical joints. linings. 10-108 kynar liners. 10-105 flanges. 8-59 check and lift-check. 10-74 piping systems. 8-65 pressure-seal joints. pure substances: limit for. copper and red-brass tubing. 10-103. 8-48 bite-type fitting joints. 10-106 flanged-end fittings. 10-111 pipe. 10-103 miter bends. 8-89 O-ring seal joints. 10-20 piping systems. 10-76 pressure design of metallic components. 10-81 maximum reactions for simple systems. 10-77 anchors for expansion joints. 10-93 types of heat-tracing systems. 10-81 classification of fluid services. elements and inorganic compounds. 10-101 methods of pipe joining. 10-90. 10-99 general considerations. 10-137 pipe fittings: dual-plate check. 10-103 socket weld. 22-32 to 22-35 silver brazed joints. 8-63 angle. 10-102 branch connections. 8-35 specific material consideration. 10-81 category D. properties for. 10-124 Plank’s distribution law. 2-28 to 2-46 thermosetting resin pipe. 17-42 compression-fitting joints. 8-5 10-75 piping systems. 10-107 polyethylene. 10-107 polypropylene liners. 10-107 reinforced-thermosetting-resin (RTR) pipe. 10-93 joining nonmetallic pipe. 8-63 valves. 10-90 safeguarding. 10-137 pilot-operated regulator.): machinery and piping vibration. or soldering. 10-126 economic considerations associated with pollu- elbow fittings. tracing. 10-107 plug. types of. 10-88 piping systems. 10-89. 10-96 steam-tracing system. 10-78 to 10-80 hard-drawn copper threadless pipe. 10-100 fused silica or fused quartz. 10-113 modeling. 10-105 piping system materials. 10-107 polyvinylidene chloride liners. 10-108 plate towers. piston power. 8-65 poured joints. 10-76 ments. 10-77 pipe supports and attachments. 22-25 flanged fittings. fitting and bends. selection of. 8-39 high-silicon iron. selection of. brazing. 10-123 nickel and nickel-bearing alloys. 10-99 dimensions for glass pipe and flanged joints. 10-104 dynamic effects. 10-98 10-108 rubber-lined steel pipe. 10-81 expansion joints. 10-105 pipes. 10-104 pipe joining. 10-81 category M. 10-140 threaded joints. cost comparison of. 10-105 gates. 10-123 theory and empirical extensions.): and bends (Cont. 22-29 soldered joints. dimensions of. 10-104 examination methods. 10-100 10-104 10-136 piping systems. 10-120 physical property specifications. 10-90 preheating and heat treatment. 10-81 elastic behavior. 22-24 . 10-76 limits of calculated stresses due to sustained standard dimensions. 10-137 piezoelectric method. 10-113 con iron. 8-59 ball. 10-89 10-121 point alarm. 10-90 displacement strains. 10-102 welded pipe and tubing. dimension of. 10-111 standard dimensions for coil lengths. 10-106 swing check. 10-101 seamless pipe and tubing. 10-105 10-86 design conditions. 10-82. 10-108 standard copper water tube sizes. 10-115 control techniques. 10-76 reactions: standard dimensions for straight lengths. 10-76 maximum reactions for complex systems. 10-123 pollution prevention. 8-86 packed-gland joints. thermoplastic. 2-468 reducing elbow fittings. 10-120 pollutants: seal ring joints. 8-71. 10-98 design criteria. dimensions of. 10-107 plug-flow reactor: expanded joints. 10-121 piping systems. pipe. 10-139 to 10-140 piezoelectric transducers. 10-93 elastic behavior. 10-106 flanged joints. nonmetallics. oxidation of. 10-108 piping systems. pneumatic transmission. 10-107 10-107 globe. 10-98 piping systems. 10-123 flexible metal hose. 10-107 plastic pipe. 10-114 emission statistics. recommended temperature expansion joints. ductile iron. 10-81 displacement strains. 10-89. 16-4 specific material consideration. 10-132 dozen”). 10-114 pneumatic controller. 10-89 bending and forming. 10-123 pollution prevention incentives (“a baker’s 10-92 typical weld imperfections. metallic pipe. 10-91 to welding. 10-104 piping and instrumentation diagram. pipe. 10-108 aluminum. carbon and alloy steel. 10-126 barriers to pollution prevention (“the dirty pipe. barriers and incentives. support fixtures. 10-135 piezoelectric crystal. 10-87 support fixtures. acceptance criteria for welds and cast iron and ductile iron. cyclic effects. INDEX 23 physical properties. anchor. 10-89. 10-96 electric tracing. 10-98 cement-lined carbon-steel pipe. 10-85 air condensation effects. 10-126 tion-prevention programs. nomenclature for. 10-130 to 10-131 ductile-iron pipe. 10-96 thermal expansion and contraction effects. 10-90 displacement strains. 10-89 total displacement strains. 10-98 weight effects. 10-89 values for reactions. 10-126 dozen”). 10-105 ring joint flanges. 10-98 steam tracing versus electric tracing. design of. 10-115 polluting gases. and high-sili. 10-89 thermal expansion and flexibility. economics piezoresistive transducers. 10-75 pipe supports and attachments. 8-68 push-on joints. cast iron. 10-97 fluid-tracing systems. 10-137 piezoelectric transmitter. 10-123 plant capacity. 10-90 reduced ductility. 10-108 PTFE and PFA lined steel pipe. 22-23 prilling operations. 23-64 polymer live. 8-86 linear models. 8-55 process modules or blocks.): type and extent of required examination (Cont. 3-90 local. 10-158 selection criteria. 21-20 technical. 10-152 process models. 8-55 thermodynamics. 9-39 to 9-40 pressure-vessel cost and weight. 8-94 23-45 Mollier diagram. 8-96 types of discharge. 7-35 vacuum. 8-55 process simulation. 8-55 process technology. 10-131 time value of money. 23-53 vertical-flow. 16-19 process actions. bidispersed. 14-58 process plant. polymers. 8-50 process drawing and fault tree for explosion of an Powell’s method. 8-53 additional ASME code considerations. static: dynamics. 9-6 code administration. flowability. 8-94 logic model methods. 23-66 polymerization bread. 21-20 statistical. 22-22 lined vessels. 10-73 polydispersity. 8-49 pressure vessels. 23-53 horizontal-flow. 7-15 empirical models. 8-95 NFPA 704 system for hazard identification. 10-128 productostat. 23-55 pore structure. 8-7 definitions. ethical issues. 8-55 product polymer. 8-48 mechanical damage. 8-38 process safety analysis: polyethylene. 10-151 magnetic-particle examination. 22-22 21-136 government regulations. codes and standards. 10-129 profit margin. 9-22 high-strength steels. 3-89 to 3-90 pressure. 14-45 code contents and scope. 8-54 processor-based positioners. 8-70 to 8-71 CCPS preliminary screening for chemical positioner application. 8-86 nonlinear models. 17-60 process gas sampling. 23-43 positioner/actuator stiffness. active vs passive. 8-33 surface tension. 3-90 pressure measurements. 21-20 safety. piping: implementation. 23-50 power-law rate. 8-53 care of pressure vessels. 23-71 to polymerization rate. 12-64 to 12-65 cost. 7-29 interlocks. 10-135 feasibility analysis. 10-158 visual examination. 10-158 types of examinations for evaluating 22-23 pressure-drop correlations: imperfections. 10-157 examination—category D fluid service. 8-35 corrosion. 9-23 . 17-24 decision making. 10-10 invasive. solenoid actuated. 8-86 brittle fracture. 9-22 vessel design and construction. 3-89 average. 16-10 languages. 8-55 classification. examination. vessels with unusual process plant. 8-48 temperature extremes. plastic pressure vessels. inspection. 7-29 process capability indices and ratios. 8-55 biochemical degradation. 10-151 prior use. 23-48 blast-furnace pipe. 10-158 examination methods. 10-133 depreciation. 8-54 product quality. 22-1 probability of propagation. 22-22 construction (Cont. 3-89 pressure relief valves. 8-7 criteria. 17-17 process control: atmospheric dispersion. 10-73 Polonyi potential theory. 8-96 accuracy of discharge rate predictions. 10-131 cash flow. 23-49 preforming. thermodynamic properties. 8-6 ranking methods. and testing. 22-23 tray columns. 23-47 to 23-53 precipitator: process dynamics. 23-44 powder flow behavior. development of. 10-158 type and extent of required examination. 17-61 accuracy. 10-129 economic balance. 10-74 pollution-prevention hierarchy. 8-20 atmospheric dispersion models. 2-17. 16-21 to 16-23 safety interlocks. 8-72 risk analysis. 8-94 HAZOP guide words associated with time. 10-157 pressure testing. 7-29 failure mode and effect analysis. 8-94 parameters. 8-7 reactivity hazards. 10-128 amortization. 8-6 23-74 polymerization reactions. 10-73 sources of information. 21-20 subroutine libraries. 10-74 industry programs. bulk. 8-58 measurement span. 10-10 electrical classification. 23-41 to 23-47 porosity. 8-95 discharge rates from punctured lines and vessels. 10-158 process plant. 10-158 normally required. 10-157 radiographic examination. 12-38 to 10-155 process optimization. common characteristics. 8-32 product technology. 8-94 HAZOP guide words used with process saturated. 10-73 Polyani linear approximation. 10-159 examination and inspection. 7-30 national standards. 10-155 range and span.24 INDEX pollution prevention.): assessment phase. 23-61 to 23-66 polymer characterization. 10-157 requirements for heat treatment. 10-158 impact testing. 22-22 packed tower. internal. 9-27 vessels with unusual construction. growing. 9-21 graphite and ceramic vessels. 8-78 physical access. production limitation. 8-34 testing. 7-29 advanced. 8-71 assessment. 23-45 to 23-47 posting. 8-55 commercial packages. 15-94 to estimation of damage effects. 19-21 to 19-25 integrity. 9-21 vessel codes other than ASME. 12-39 ASME code section VII. 7-15 sieve tray column interface control. 7-29 15-96 parameters affecting atmospheric dispersion. 12-38 to 12-40 ASME code developments. 22-27 pressure vessels. 10-134 assessment phase material balance calculations. 7-30 controlled-cycling operation mode. 7-29 steady-state process control. 7-29 hazard and operability studies. 10-131 taxes. divisions 1 and 2. pollution-prevention assessment procedures. See polymer. 10-131 factors. 9-22 concrete pressure vessels. 8-96 hazard analysis. examination. 10-158 liquid-penetrant examination. 2-326 risk. 3-89 to 3-90 specifications for piezometer taps. 8-49 pipe and tubing sizes and ratings. 8-96 air receiver. economic. 15-94 23-62 polymerization kinetics. 8-54 version of a risk analysis process. 10-129 profitability: other regulations and standards. 17-62 process measurements. 23-47 failure. inspection. 23-52 water-film. 10-156 repeatability. 8-64 pressure-piping codes. 10-73 planning and organization. 8-96 23-61 pore diffusion. 8-55 process states. 7-30 metal fatigue. 8-96 23-54 stirred bulk polymerization. 10-159 10-126 production monitoring. 8-35 23-46 yield stress. 15-93 to 15-94 project review and audit processes. 7-29. 16-14 process actions. 9-4 plant safety in. 17-60 process gain. real-time. 23-41 positive displacement meter. 2-236 regulatory. 22-23 principal component analysis. and testing. 10-156 reliability. growing considerations: to 23-66 polymer. 7-23 valves. 10-132 depletion. polymerization chain. 8-59 physical models. 10-126 production scheduling. OSHA. potassium: hazard. 8-54 estimation. 10-159 ultrasonic examination. 10-10 materials of construction. 7-38 process analyzers. sampling systems. polymerization. benefits of. 8-55 process topology. 8-39 international regulations. 10-39 opaque surfaces. analog. 10-33 direct exchange areas. 9-32 to 9-33 work performed in pumping. reciprocating. 10-38 variable composition. 10-30 rate-of-drying. 8-29. 8-66 selection. 5-19 to 5-20 psychrometric calculations. 10-27 screw pumps. 5-30 to 5-35 propylene. 8-61 Bowen chart. 8-63 calculation formulas. 10-25 pumps. 8-65 interconversion formulas. 9-7 pump performance curve. 10-72 quantitative measures. 9-7 available. 12-10. 12-6 to 12-9. 12-6 vertical pumps. 10-32 to 10-37 constant-composition. 2-477 Salen-Soiininen. 16-52 discounted cash flow (DCFROR). 8-46 classification. 8-91 to 8-92 exterior-bearing type. range resistor. 10-29 liquidity ratios. 10-33 enclosures. 10-39 heterogeneous gas-liquid-liquid. 9-33 to 9-34 circular. 10-37 from gases. 10-36 principle moments of inertia 2-476 psychrometric ratio. financial. 10-36. 9-7 NPSH reductions for pumps handling hydrocar. 8-72 guide vanes or diffusers. 10-31 debt/equity ratio. 10-32 modified. 9-30 velocity. 10-27 thermodynamics: break-even analysis. 12-6 to 12-15 system curves. 10-43 reaction initiation. 5-27 proportional control. def. 10-27 postulate definition. 10-26 pumps. 10-37 radiation pyrometers. 10-30 ratio pyrometers. 12-6 horizontal and vertical. 10-43 reaction initiation efficiency. 10-29. 8-34 propanol. 8-12 air lift. diaphragm pumps. 10-26 pumps. 10-40 radiation. 9-30 velocity head. 9-32 pumps. 10-40 programmable logic control. 7-6 static discharge head. 5-31 psychrometer coefficient and equation. 10-71 to 10-72 feasibility analysis. 10-27 phase rule. 10-33 accuracy. 10-31 ratios. 8-65 acid egg or blowcase. 10-28 pumps. 5-16 to 5-19 proportional element. 13-13 double-suction. 4-5 sensitivity analysis. 10-29 Raleigh-Jeans Formula. 10-30. 10-29. 5-34 to 5-35 pseudo-steady-state. 8-50. 10-30. 12-6 pumps. 10-33 positive deviation. gas phase. 10-33 radar level transmitters. 2-476 to 2-477 Mollier chart. 8-58 governing standards. 7-6 static suction head. 7-6 total dynamic head. 10-34. open impeller. 10-41 heterogeneous gas-liquid. 13-13 impeller. propeller and turbine: homogeneous gas. 8-92 duplex double-acting pumps. process control. 4-27 payout period (POP) plus interest. 10-27 jet. 12-13 to 12-16 selection. 10-34 radiative equilibrium. 2-329 to 2-300 volute-type. 10-40 heterogeneous liquid-solid. 17-17 fluid-displacement. 7-6 friction head. 7-5 specifications. 10-33 programming languages. 8-69. 12-21 interior-bearing type. 9-33 canned-motor. 10-27 regenerative pumps. 10-36 rotary or reciprocating pumps. 10-28 power pumps. 10-29 profitability ratios. terminology (Cont. 4-5 to 4-8 relative sensitivity plot. 7-6 . 10-31 rate-determining step. 8-14 performance curves. 10-35 quasi-newtonian methods. 8-50 volute. specific speed variations. 10-25 to 10-27 capacity-type. 10-32 to 10-33 reaction equilibrium. 10-36 radiation-density gauge. 10-41 heterogeneous liquid-liquid. 10-33 quadratic programming. 7-14 process pumps. 10-26 plunger pump. 10-34. problems. 10-33. 8-18. 7-30 capacity. 10-30 rate factors. 10-25 purge/concentration. 9-30 viscosity. 10-36. 10-32 rapping. 9-7 bon liquids and high-temperature piston pumps. 8-74 open. 9-30 to 9-32 transfer of momentum. thermodynamic properties. 8-9 shrouded or closed-type. 8-58 psychrometric charts. 5-26 methods for various humidity parameters. 12-7 wet-pit. 7-14 terminology. 10-32 negative deviation.or semiopen-type. flow variation of. 9-32 total suction head. electromagnetic. 8-42 K-value versus pressure. 17-61 to 17-62 pulse-width-modulated combination. 10-38. 2-475 to 2-477 Grosvenor chart. 10-35.): pumps. 10-29 example of. 13-14 double-suction single-stage. 10-28 plunger pumps. 5-15 to 5-43 proportional band. 10-37. 10-33. BID data. 7-38 thermodynamic properties. 7-6 power input and output. 8-58 Monte Carlo technique. 10-35 black body. 10-35 BIP data. 10-34 mean beam length. INDEX 25 profitability (Cont. 16-18 pump. 10-33 equilibrium criteria. 10-32. positive-displacement. 10-29 leverage ratios. 10-25 injectors. reaction kinetics. 2-327 to 2-328 chemical pump. 10-33 pyrometers. 10-35. 10-36 calculation methods. 10-25 axial flow (propeller) pump. 10-27 flow variations. 10-43 reaction kinetics: centrifugal force. 10-39 radius of gyration. 13-68 pulse testing. 8-35. 9-7 net positive suction head (NPSH). 13-12 affinity laws. 10-30. 10-38 Antoine vapor pressure.: close-coupled. 5-20 to 5-24 proportional-integral derivative. 10-39 heterogeneous gas-sold. 12-5 pneumatically actuated diaphragm pumps. 7-6 mechanical impulse. 9-32 action of. 8-15 multistage. 15-85 psychrometric software. 12-15 vertical process.): pumps. 8-56 to 8-58 uncertainty analysis. 12-11 dry-pit. 10-37 heterogeneous solid-solid. 10-33 quality control. 8-35 propane: characteristics. 5-16 psychrometry. 10-25 overload. 10-38. 10-32 rate meter. 10-31 activity ratios. 13-15 pulse inputs. 7-6 measurement of performance. sealing. 9-7 water. 10-44 adiabatic. 10-26 turbine. 4-17 to 4-26 tornado plot. 10-33 augmented black view factors. 10-25 cavitating-type. 12-6. 10-39 heterogeneous gas-liquid-solid. 10-29 to 10-32 RC filter. 10-39 flames and particle clouds. 9-9 NPSH calculation. 5-24 to 5-30 control. 10-72 qualitative measures. 10-29 reactant. 10-31. 9-33 casings. vibration monitoring. 12-12. 13-68 pulsed liquid columns. 10-25 ejectors. NPSH. 10-32 Raoult’s law: pthalic anhydride. 12-6. 7-14 pumps. 12-3 to 12-17 diaphragm pumps. 15-85 gear pumps. 10-36 electron density distribution. swing adsorption. 8-13 single-suction. 9-34 total static head. 10-27 metering or proportioning pumps. 12-13 to 12-14 pumps. reaction kinetics. types of. 7-17 range of operation. centrifugal. 10-26 vibration spectrum. 12-4 10-31. 10-32 Raman spectroscopy. 10-24 to 10-40 simplex double-acting pumps. 8-61 propionil acid. 10-27 PVT systems: net present worth (NPW). 10-28 reciprocating pumps. adjustable-speed. 9-34 diffuser-type. 12-3. 12-14 sump pump. 10-39 raining-bucket contactor. frequency range. 4-26 to 4-27 Strauss plot. 10-25 duplex single-acting. 7-6 electromagnetic force. 10-41 homogeneous liquid. 8-59 pumping horsepower. 10-36 quantum Monte Carlo. 10-26 machinery faults. 7-6 displacement. 17-43 reactions network. 11-85 saturation humidity. 8-52 robbins chart. 18-80 constant volume. 8-70 semiempirical methods. 20-47 to 20-48 chaotic behavior. 7-38 homogeneous liquid. 18-80 batch. 7-23 system analysis. 8-64 elementary. 3-4 configurations. 7-35 definition of. 8-28 selectivity. 7-6 vertical kilns. 7-6 centrifugal compressors. 11-82 saturation constant. control of. control of. 7-31 sanitization. 7-39 configuration. 7-6 rotary kilns. 11-87 saturation temperature. 17-40 sharp interface model. 7-10. process control. 7-12 solute retention. 7-11 open-hearth. packed column. polyethylene. 19-36. 20-49 lumping and mechanism reduction. 7-34 retained earning statements. 7-34 distillation process control. 7-38 recirculation. 17-28 reaction rate 7-34 residual error. 7-25 steam-jet (ejector) systems. 7-13 particle and oxidant removal. 19-8 checkerbrick. 7-5 total 13-22 rotor dynamics. 19-8 blast-furnace stoves. gravity: reactors. 7-14 reduction-oxidation. 7-38 real-number system. 7-27 saturated liquid. 7-27. 7-11 Ljungstrom heaters. 8-46 reaction product. 17-43 volume reaction model. 7-5 refrigerants: response plot. 7-34 relative-humidity. 17-22 reaction mechanism discrimination. 14-65 reaction networks. 11-79 to 11-82 venturi. 12-4 gas-liquid reactions. 7-27 saturated liquid. 20-48 theoretical methods. 17-41 pressure drop. 2-419 Runge Kutta method. 19-11 to 19-13 multistage systems. 11-94 mechanical. 7-28 refrigeration: safety restrictions. 7-6 condensers. 24-55 to 24-56 sedimentation recovery versus g-seconds. 12-26 self-diffusion coefficients.): reactors (Cont. 8-66 statistical model. with batch processing. 24-56 economics. 13-26 rotary dryer. 20-48 isothermal constant volume. 24-56 membrane types. 8-69 diffusion control. surface tension. 7-34 replacement analysis. 17-39 reactor case studies. 19-38 osmotic pressure. 7-34 relative volatility: self-operated regulators. 20-48 temperature-controlled. 7-38 reflux condensers. 8-9 batch reactor. 7-34 residence time: separation factor. 24-54 to 24-55 Securities and Exchange Commission. 2-331 to 2-399 slow reaction regime. 8-5. 7-38 reflux ratio. 11-83 saturation vapor pressure. 19-36 component transport. 8-43 Robbin’s correlation. noncatalytic. 7-23. 20-49 to 20-50 oscillations. 7-33 regulators. process control. 8-43 semi-batch. 11-82 to 11-90 saturated air. 9-4 set point. 24-56 instrumentation. 12-5 gas-solid noncatalytic reactions. 7-34 response surface analysis. 7-26 other refrigeration systems applied in the Scheibel column. 8-93 flow reactors. 7-34 remote control units. 13-19 to 13-21 rotameter. 20-49 nonchain. 7-16 redox neutral. 24-55 controls. 20-49 reaction mechanism. velocity of rubidium. 15-83 diffusion models. 11-79 to 11-82 2-400 reactor modeling: regenerators: second-order element. 7-14 refractive index. 8-7 fast reaction regime. 10-71 reaction rate. 7-9 evaporators. 7-39 recuperators. multivariable control. 8-47 gas-liquid-solid. residence time. 2-420 mass transfer time. 7-25 lithium bromide cycle. 11-90 to 11-96 scrubbers. 11-92 ejector-venturi. 17-17 organic compounds (inhibited glycols). 7-9 internal. operations. 19-5 impingement. 8-63 semiclassical method. 13-7 self-tuning. 10-70 reaction propagation. 8-35 reactions: capacity control. 12-5 nonchain. 12-4. 13-91 to 13-93 reaction mechanism reduction. 7-11 regenerative burners. pollutants. 12-4 reactions. 11-98 performance curves. 11-96 to 11-98 mobile-bed. 7-11 miscellaneous systems. 16-14 multiphase reactors. process modeling. with batch processing. 7-10 glass-tank. 8-92. 18-78 liquid-phase reactions. 24-54 to 24-55 sedimentation. methods of calculation. 7-34 relative gain. 16-40 integral data analysis. 2-420 2-400 reaction-diffusion regime. 7-9 external. 17-42 reactor (high pressure). 8-26 . flow measurement. 12-4. thermodynamic properties. 19-17 to 19-20 separators: noncatalytic gas-solid. 8-49 solid-solid. 7-34 serial interfaces. heat and mass transfer. 7-38 homogeneous gas. 8-25 batch reactors. 7-37 mechanical centrifugal. 12-11 endothermic. process optimization. digital hardware. 7-23 industry. 7-35 relative humidity. 18-75 conversion. 7-5 refrigerants. 20-46 multiple steady states. 7-36 examples. 8-30 design considerations (osmotic pinch). 11-90 fibrous-bed.): retention factor. 7-15 compressors. 7-34 table. 12-26 liquid solid. 19-37 applications. 16-21 catalytic gas-solid. self-induced. 7-39 receding horizon approach. 8-44 pretreatment and cleaning. 20-48 to 20-49 7-38 recycle ratio. 8-19. 20-45 to 20-47 isothermal constant pressure. 7-26 ammonia water cycle. 24-56 18-119 laboratory. 17-38.26 INDEX reaction kinetics (Cont. 7-27 positive displacement compressors. 7-11 schematic. 7-5. 17-58 independent reactions. 9-36 sensible heat. 7-28 thermodynamic properties. thermodynamic properties. 17-41 parametric sensitivity. saturated. 19-13 safety in. 8-61 amplification factor. 7-35 resistance thermometer. 7-8 sound in. 7-78 order of. 22-37 reactor concepts: 11-97 self-induced spray scrubbers. 11-98 spray. 24-55 design criteria. 8-60 procedure. 8-56 sequence logic. 24-55 equipment. 11-87 scalable process control systems. 7-35 conversion. 19-61 secondary refrigerants (antifreezes or brines). 11-96 sampling point. 7-32 Reynolds number. velocity of sound in. 7-36 noncatalytic: reverse osmosis: BR equation. 8-52 diavolumes. 7-7 bioreactors. 7-9 minimum. saturated. thermodynamic properties. 8-92 to 8-94 selective process control. 17-41 reaction control. recycle. 7-14 gaseous at atmospheric pressure. 9-5 semibatch reactor. 10-71 reaction termination. 7-6 semibatch. 17-36 solid catalysis. reactor dynamics. 8-69 gas-liquid. 11-82 seawater. 7-5 equipment. reaction yield. 17-40 to 19-11 cascade systems. process control. 13-19 to 13-21 Robinson equation. 11-85 saturated volume. 19-10 vapor compression systems. 20-47 prediction of mechanisms and kinetics. centrifugal designs. 21-117 dispersion. 21-20 high-speed mixers. 18-25 aerated cohesion. 22-89 measuring the degree of mixing. 22-92 transport segregation. 8-36 solenoid valves. 2-402 shear cell measurements. 18-17 deaeration measurement. bulk. price index. 21-28 simultaneous reactions. 7-23 solid-liquid. 21-27 packing. 21-30 application of. 21-22 hydrodynamics. 10-59 to 10-65 size enlargement. 21-142 22-92 segregation in solids and demixing. 21-82 hopper flow characterization. storage. 21-123 coefficient aof internal friction. 21-38 sintering and heat hardening. 17-44 powder shear cells. on-line procedures. characteristics and handling. 21-21 scale-up and operation. 21-135 materials-recovery systems. 8-54 coordinate systems. Beverloo equation. suspension: yield behavior of powders. 22-90 industrial relevance of solids mixing. sealing of. 10-63 slurry reactors. 22-98 solids. 21-34 drying and solidification. formulation design. 21-27 lubricant. 21-38 moisture control in tumbling granulation. 16-10 methods of flow characterization. 21-28 product. and processing. solids. 21-32 mixed stockpiles. 21-142 processing techniques for solid waste. 18-25 air-augmented flow. 12-58 solid analytical geometry: 21-28 signal processing. 21-81 flow indices. 3-15 wall yield locus. 21-130 solid-liquid separations. types of. 2-401 shear cell standards validation. 21-25 simple wave. 10-59 compaction microlevel processes. 21-137 types of solid wastes. 21-82 flow function. 10-59 strength testing methods. 21-23 shaft sealing elements. 21-134 fluid motion. aqueous solution. 22-98 21-105 drum granulators. rotating. 21-118 thermal processes. generation of. 10-62 slugging. 10-62 soda-lime. equipment and practice. See drying of solids granulator-dryers for layering and coating. permeability and aeration properties. 22-82 homogeneous fluidization. thermodynamic properties. 21-28 seal environment. 21-27 mixing by feeding. 21-135 pumping. 10-65 sodium hydroxide. 21-123 SHS. 22-84 permeability and deaeration. 21-20 piston and molding presses. 21-137 on-site handling. equipment. 18-18 Darcy’s law. 3-13 to 3-14 underconsolidated. 22-86 minimum bubbling velocity. 8-24 powder flowability. 21-21 controlling granulation rate processes. 21-34 controlling granulation rate processes. 8-76 21-122 angle of repose. 21-77 effective angle of power friction. 21-127 properties of solid wastes. 21-28 Sherwood chart. 21-118 landfilling of solid waste. 22-100 solids drying. 21-25 seal cage or lantern ring. 21-26 floating. 21-30 bunker and silo mixers. 21-27 seal arrangement. 21-74 effective angle of wall friction. 21-31 butt and skive joints. 21-22 mass and energy balances. 10-63 porosity and density. 10-64 concentration. 21-38 scale-up and operation. 22-96 mixing. 21-20 particle motion and scale-up. 21-33 spray drying. 10-64 mechanics. 21-33 screw and other paste extruders. 10-63 smart transmitters. 10-63 granulation rate processes. 21-37 flash drying. 21-126 solid wastes. 21-80 effective coefficient of wall friction. 21-28 sintering. 10-62 Smith predictor technique. 18-24 21-20 granulation rate processes. 22-82 permeameters. 18-17 yield locus. 10-62 sodium: powder yield loci. 21-22 fluidized-bed and related granulators. 21-130 mass transfer. Sherwood number. 21-136 quantities of solid wastes. 21-139 sources of industrial wastes. 21-27 packing seal. 21-82 effective yield locus. 21-39 . 22-90 geneity. 22-82 Geldart’s classification. 10-63 flow property tests. INDEX 27 shafts. 21-133 separation. 21-77 21-28 main seal body. 21-32 secondary packing. 21-133 solid-solid reactors. 21-130 leaching. 10-62 skeletal density. 21-22 draft tube designs and spouted beds. 21-25 labyrinth seals. equipment. 22-90 mixing mechanisms: dispersive and convective prilling. 22-92 mixture quality: the statistical definition of homo- thermal processes. 18-18 solids. 10-63 key historical investigations. 21-136 processing and resource recovery. 21-38 21-121 Carr and Hausner ratios. 22-83 Kozeny-Carman relation. 20-28 Dixon classification. 21-82 flow functions and flowability indices. 21-27 rotating mixers or mixers with rotating compo- 21-76 critically consolidated. equipment selection. 21-20 roll presses. critical state line. 10-63 product characterization. 21-135 concentrations of WTE incinerators. 18-149 dense-phase conveying. 21-29 materials. 21-27 noncontact seals. 21-23 throttle bushings. 21-22 powder flow patterns and scaling of mixing. 21-73 solids. 21-36 tableting presses. 10-63 process vs. 21-27 centrifugal granulators. 19-48 to 19-49 Ergun’s relation. 21-20 controlling granulation rate processes. 21-28 mechanical seal selection. 22-88 solids. methods and application. 21-20 pressure compaction processes. 21-20 21-125 hazardous waste. 10-63 physiochemical assessments. 8-91 unconfined uniaxial compressive yield stress. shear plane. 10-64 saturated. 21-120 ultimate disposal. 21-134 heat transfer. 8-66 pneumatic conveying. 21-28 mechanical face seals. 21-123 sources and types. 21-25 nent. 21-123 solid wastes. 21-80 internal angle of friction. 7-29 overconsolidated. 2-403 time flow function. 10-63 redispersion test. 21-24 ring seals. 21-32 solids mixing. 17-2 Mohr-Coulomb. 21-135 on-site storage. 10-62 Mollier diagram. 21-134 extraction. 22-89 ideal mixtures. 3-14 wall adhesion. 21-80 effective coefficient of powder friction. 18-16 dilute-phase conveying. 21-130 speed for just suspension. mixing principles. 21-34 tumbling granulators. summary of compaction expressions. bulk flow properties. 21-29 seal gland plate. 21-143 recovery of biological conversion products. 21-23 solids metering. 22-83 fluidization measurement. 21-23 single-input single-output systems. 21-22 mixer granulators. 10-62 scope and applications. 21-81 isotropic hardening. 21-119 solid wastes. 22-86 minimum fluidization velocity. 16-32 lines and planes. bulk flow properties (Cont.): internal and external seals. 21-25 size enlargement. 10-63 permeability. 8-12 surfaces. 21-22 scale-up and operation. 10-63 size and shape. 21-139 on-site handling. 21-28 fixed. 7-5 space curves. principles. disc granulators. 21-73 mass discharge rates for coarse solids. 21-40 size enlargement. 21-28 seal face combinations. 3-14 wall friction measurements. 21-137 on-site processing of solid wastes. 21-74 direct shear cells. 19-48 excess gas velocity. 21-33 spray processes. 24-7 fixed-bed. 21-20 low-speed mixers. 21-20 pellet mills. enthalpy. 2-132 specific gravity. 9-17 Parachor method. 24-28 . aqueous solution at 1 atm. 2-131 classification of. 15-12 preliminary design considerations. 15-33 to 15-34 steady-state multiplicity. 15-33 to factorial design of experiments and analysis of devolatilization. ideal solution model. 7-29 specific humidity. 7-30 binary liquid solutions. 2-132 units conversions. 8-13 solid-fluid. miscellaneous materials: storage and process vessels. Cp/Cv ratios. 15-38 to 15-39 temperature rating. cost of. 24-26 NRTL-SAC. suspension firing. pressure-temperature surface tension. 4-21 organic solids. 2-514 Donahue-Bartell collection. 20-15 viscosity. 8-37 method. 15-32 error analysis of experiments. 2-513 to 2-515 assessing liquid-liquid miscibility. 15-34 to rating. 2-513 design. 15-12 spray scrubbers. thermodynamic properties. 15-40 static air horsepower. 2-132 to 2-184 Stokes’ law. measurement of. 20-16 density difference. 7-30 excess properties. 8-47 retained earnings. 3-86 to 3-88 pulverized coal furnaces. 24-26 solvents. 2-126 to 2-129 miscellaneous liquids and solids. dispersion. 2-165 to 2-170 enthalpy-concentration. 24-25 15-34 variance. Jasper method. 2-513 15-38 type 316 (group 2. 2-156 structured batch logic.1 materials). 2-513 Du Nouy’s method. design. 16-12 step size. 7-38 concepts. 2-130 degrees Twaddell. 7-8 gases in water. 20-14 stability. grindability. 2-185 strain gauges. 19-21 solution polymerization. 15-12 spray column with two-phase dispersed. 12-5 steepest descent method. 9-10. 2-183 chemical reaction. 8-61 stoichiometric balances. 24-27 to 24-28 thermodynamic screening calculations. 16-12 STNS. moisture in coal. 8-34. 4-39 to 4-40 capacity vs. 20-16 freezing point. 24-26 MOSCED. nonaqueous. 24-26 to 24-27 Hanson model. statistical control. 3-86 cyclone furnaces. supply chain management. 9-6 carbon dioxide. biochemical reactions. 12-21 Parachor group contributions for Knotts Fu. 2-185 storage facilities. 7-6 extraction. 15-32 to 15-33 3-72 to 3-73 char oxidation. 4-20 to 4-21 fit to hyperbolic functions Cp. 12-4 supercritical fluid separations: solvent properties.28 INDEX solids mixing process. 21-42 model categorization. 2-131 sound intensity. 15-12 miscellaneous effects. relations connecting property changes of inorganic and organic liquids. 10-110 calculation methods. 8-34 goal and task formulation. 8-35. 5-16 batch mixing. behavior of. 15-34 measurement data and sampling densities. 24-25 to 24-28 Robbins’ chart. pressure. 9-6 chlorine. 15-34 least squares. 8-53 thermodynamics: to 2-163 styrene polymerization. 10-149 sulfur dioxide over water. 16-13 step growth. state of. 8-59 15-32 to 15-41 type 304L and 316L. 1-19 constant volume. 24-25 thermodynamic data. 2-513 15-41 temperature ratings for. 7-5 hydrogen chloride. 7-29 feeding and weighing equipment for a batch heterogeneity. temperature ratings for. 20-16 to 20-17 construction materials. 24-27 LSER. 2-176 to 2-406 to 2-409 property changes of mixing. 4-21 2-181 sulfuric acid. 20-3 specific heats. 2-409 mixing and excess properties. 15-40 start-up expenses. 4-26 gases at 1 atm. 16-12 stirred-tank reactor. 15-34 to 3-78 low-NOx burners. 8-9 polymer-fluid and glass transition. aqueous solutions. 7-18 stoichiometry. 15-34 tests of hypothesis. 2-174 to 2-175 2-405 ideal gas mixture model. 2-182 substrates. 3-70 to 3-88 suspending agent. 15-12 stainless steel: transport. 15-13 stability limit. 15-39 to type 316 (group 2. 2-131 specific growth rate. 21-44 isotherm classification. as function of temperature and degrees Baume´. specific heats. 20-14 solute selectivity. 2-130. 10-140 to 10-159 atures. pressure. Li. 7-29 Wilhelmy method. 9-6 ammonia-water at 10 and 20°C. 20-15 mutual solubility. 8-69 solvent screening methods. 3-84 to 3-86 configurations. 7-37 solution crystallization. 9-6 carbonyl sulfide. 15-12 design calculations. 17-41 to 17-42 phase equilibria: industrial hygiene. 15-12 spray nozzles. 21-42 sorption equilibrium: Stefan-Bolteman Law. 15-12 stack gas emmissions. 15-13 specification limit. 15-40 enumeration data and probability distributions. 15-11 S-shape step response. 20-15 multi-use. definition of. 8-61 analysis. 4-35 hydrogen sulfide. desirable: specific rate constant.2 materials). 9-6 air. Brock-Bird method. 15-33 status alarms. 2-132 specific heats. 4-19 to 4-20 fit to a polynomial Cp. 2-404 to fugacity. 24-26 to 24-27 UNIFAL. 3-78 to 3-84 overfire air. 1-19 stoichiometric matrix. 24-26. selected elements. partial vapor pressure. 20-16 to 20-17 availability and cost. thermodynamic pulverizers. liquid-liquid extraction. 14-95 mass transfer. 16-12 step response coefficients. 17-56 inorganic compounds in water at various temper. 8-30 mixing process. 7-9 Henry’s constant. 17-41 liquid-fluid models. state-task networks. 24-27 sonic methods. 2-171 to 2-173 sum of squares of residual errors. 17-28. oils. 12-28 stockholders’ equity. 8-38 applications. yw. 2-514 high-throughput experimental methods. 20-15 interfacial tension. partial. 17-42 cosolvents and complexing agents. 22-40 density-pressure diagram. and Wang ternary system correlation. pressure. 22-37 surfactants and colloids. 13-59 solubilities: sorption isotherm. 15-71 crystallization by reaction. 2-514 15-41 statistics. 12-36 to 12-38 steady-state steady-flow processes. 15-12 nonatomizing reverse-jet froth. 8-89 solution: elements and inorganic compounds. 20-15 loading capacity. 7-9 Henry’s constant at 25°C. thermodynamic properties. computer-aided. 22-37 thermodynamic. 2-131 sorptive separations: common stock. 8-44 mixing with batch or continuous mixers. 8-6. 24-27 UNIQUAL. 7-38 capacity vs. 2-131 specialty plants. 21-43 experiments. 10-110 calculation methods. 15-12 flow regime. ideal gas state sulfur dioxide. 3-73 fantail vertical firing. 20-18 environmental requirements. 20-15 to 20-16 partition ratio (Ki+yi/xi). pure compounds: stroke test. 2-164 supercritical conditions. 1-19 isothermal constant-pressure ideal gas. 21-42 surface excess. 15-13 split operator technique. 4-21 inorganic and organic compounds.2 materials). 9-4. 24-27 Sonntag equation. 8-67 reburn. 7-8 chlorine dioxide. 8-81 preferred stock. 8-59 2-133 specific heats. 16-5 paid in capital. 10-110 liquid mixtures. 15-12 type 304 (group 2. 7-39 tangential firing. 4-19 inorganic and organic compounds. lower. 22-38 physical properties: safety. 10-109 suppressed-zero ranges. ideal gas state sulfur hexafluoride. 11-13 Txy diagram. 11-15 laws: sucrose solutions. 2-137. 18-6 and cooling of tanks (Cont. 2-450 single-component. 11-70 insulating materials at low temperatures. 11-24 thermometers. 19-48 installation practice. 2-460 multicomponent. 8-65 calculation. 8-89 Antoine vapor pressure. heating and cooling vessels. 2-454 to 2-455 Filippov correlation. 7-38 vertical thermosiphon. 2-510 evaporative cooling. 9-19. thermal decomposition. 2-462 batch operations: system selection. combustion or pollutants. 2-445 calculation methods. 2-456 to 2-458 Li correlation. effect of. 11-4 thickeners. 14-38 pressure drop. 11-7 trace solute separations. 2-511 solids. 11-11 to 11-13 thermocompressor. 11-29 gases and vapor pairs (1 atm). 8-56 2-439 to 2-444 condensers. 2-446 to 2-447 noncondensables. 8-9 thermal afterburners. 4-26 to 4-27 liquids at 1 atm. 2-512 vibratory devices. 8-66 Chung-Lee-Starling method. 22-46 cylindrical rotating shell. 7-31 calculation methods. 11-71 insulating materials at moderate temperatures. 18-16 Teflon immersion coils. 2-461 thermal conductivity group contributions for thermal expansion coefficients. 16-34 liquids. 11-24 transducers.): time-delay compensation. 2-134 air. 8-54 Stiel-Thodos method. 11-24 to 11-31 transcription. thermodynamic properties. 11-29 transfer functions. effect of. 4-39 saturated liquids. 11-22 throttling process. 7-14 thermal conductivity. 9-22 scraped-surface exchangers. 2-409 reboilers. 14-31 reversed. 11-16 lost work. 4-31 to 4-32 thermophysical properties. 11-30 transition state theory. 11-5 operating. 11-76 2-461 thermal design of heat-transfer equipment: insulation materials. 18-82 cowncomers. 2-511 thermal inertia. 2-509 to 2-513. 2-433 fluid properties. 11-13 thermodynamic properties. 7-20 dual flow trays. 14-34 countercurrent or cocurrent flow. 2-463 bubble-cap trays. 11-14 equilibrium: viscosities. 11-31 toxic materials ERPG values and other toxicity example of. design of. 2-510 fluidization. 2-135. 2-512 tank coils. 8-45 metals. 2-510 emissivity. 11-22 to 11-23 first law. 11-30 process characteristics. 7-23 economic thickness of 11-72 to 11-76 insulating materials at high temperatures. 2-512 thermal diffusivity. 2-510 solid elements. 7-16 forced-recirculation. 2-463 baffle trays. 2-138. 14-34 mean temperature differences. applications. 11-13 K-value data. 2-461 thermal deactivation. 13-14 SUVA AC 9000. 14-39 fouling and scaling. 9-22 single-phase heat transfer. costs: centrifugal force deentrainment. 11-13 to 11-18 calculations: vapor. 7-6 gases. thermodynamics. 8-58 to 2-460 solids. 2-136 thermal conductivities: for Baroncini method. 2-510 thermal expansion: gases. 2-136 alloys at high temperatures. 7-31 baffled shell-and-tube exchangers. 2-410 to 2-411 horizontal thermosiphon reboilers. 2-135 Prandtl numbers: Missenard method. 2-510 radiative heat transfer. mixed or crossflow. 11-18 criteria. nonmetal. 11-22 activity coefficient plot. 14-31 fin tube coils. 18-18 jacketed vessels. 4-3 derating (“system”) factors. removal of. 8-56 solids processing. 11-22 second law. 10-125 building and insulating materials. 2-136. transport properties at atmospheric baroncini method. 14-34 heat exchanger design approach. 2-450 extended or finned surfaces. 16-48 telemetering. 4-5 tray columns. INDEX 29 suspensions: thermal design of heat-transfer equipment. miscellaneous heat transfer from. 14-36 control of. 11-20 to 11-21 liquids (25°C). 11-23 nomenclature and units. 2-510 miscellaneous substances. gas-liquid systems. 12-54 selected elements. 11-30 transmitter networks. 11-28 diffusivities: calculation methods. 13-14 contactive heat-transfer. 8-56 organic liquids. heating time constants. 11-23 to 11-24 liquid/vapor phase transition. 8-8 BIP data. 4-13 to 4-14 entrainment (jet) flooding. 18-82 clearance under the downcomer. 2-317. biological systems. 4-16 fractional hole area. 11-23 property relations: downcomer backup flooding. 11-23 mathmatical structure of. 11-11 thermodynamics: refrigeration and building insulation materials. 18-20 spiral baffles. 8-55 classification. 13-12 synthesis reactions. 23-33 to 23-34 TCA cycle. 5-3. 2-241 to 2-426 applications. 4-6 spray entrainment flooding prediction. 11-5 to 2-239 temperature measurements. 11-4 equipment. 8-41. 2-511 volume expansion: refrigerants. 2-462 liquids. VLE. 14-26 to 14-34 transients and operating periods. 2-510 linear expansion: pressure. 11-22 three-state controller. 8-44 double-pipe heat exchangers. thermal design of. 13-13 convective heat-transfer. 7-33 gas-liquid-solid. thermal design of. 11-18 thermal mass flowmeters. 2-451 Sastri-Rao method. 4-4 vapor. 11-22 toluene: solid-liquid. and flash. 11-30 transition state complex. 14-40 low fins. 11-30 transport properties: liquid mixtures. 2-512 solidification. inorganic and organic substances: miscellaneous types of 11-16 chemical reaction 4-35 to 4-38 gases. 14-36 deposits. 2-427 to 2-432. 11-14 K values. 14-31 . 2-451 thermal conductivity correlation parameters liquids. 7-31 tetrahydrofuran: conductive heat transfer. 8-89 hole sozes. design of. 11-10 translation. thermal diffusivity. bimetal. inorganic and organic substances. 14-34 bayonet heaters. 13-8 t statistics. effect of. flooding. 14-36 high fins. 2-452 to 2-453 long-tube vertical. 8-13 flow regimes on trays. 11-22 Tofel empirical equation. inorganic and organic substances. 4-13 downcomer choke flooding. 14-17 external coils or tracers. 11-18 to 11-20 thermistors. 11-23 liquid phase. 8-24 gas-liquid. table. 11-24 thermophysical properties. 4-38 to 4-39 to 2-438 forced-circulation. 13-8 kettle reboilers. 11-5 to 11-11 values for. 11-7 to 11-11 trans-2-butene. 11-13 tortuosity. biological systems. 11-12 thermocouples. 2-448 to 2-449 short-tube vertical. 8-60 2-462 external heat loss or gain. 11-21 to 11-22 Thiele modulus. 4-38 to 4-40 2-330. 11-27 transmitters. 2-238 temperature control. 8-57 tray columns. 11-12 analysis of processes. 11-13 X-Y diagram. 8-62 drying rate. 2-512 thermal insulation: chromium alloys. 2-459 Sastri-Rao method. 7-20 taxes. 11-17 ideal work. 2-461 evaporators. 2-302. 14-29 heating and cooling of tanks. 11-19 thermal regeneration. thermal design. 11-5 to 11-6 nonmetallic solid substances. 11-22 thrust limit. 2-81 vapor channeling. 2-94 rigorous testing. 1-17 water over aqueous NH3 solutions. surface tension. 14-53 UOP cyclesorb process.): turbulence. 2-477 swirling flow. liquid from 0 to 100°C. 10-20 modeling. 8-38 pressures. 8-82 turbine inlet cooling: water. vapor pressures capacity and efficiency comparision. 14-48 uranium. agitated. 14-14 valve assemblies. 14-50 common. 5-20 to 5-24 refrigeration. 2-81 empirical efficiency production. 19-16 pure substances: velocity ration versus Reynolds number. total vapor viscosity. 8-55 pressures. 24-56 solids: venturi meter. 2-419 laminar region. 2-91 14-51 base and supplementary. partial in terms of temperature. 10-21 turbulent flow.): multipass balancing. 10-58 vapor/liquid equilibrium: trays vs random packings. 8-19 2-79 thermocouples. 14-48. 2-505 turbines. 2-504 to 2-509 temperature effects. 6-46 NH3 over aqueous NH3 solutions. 4-28 stripping equations.30 INDEX tray columns. 4-28 to 4-29 tray efficiencies in tray absorbers and strippers. partial pressures. 4-32 to 4-34 algebraic method for dilute gases. 14-32 closure models. up to 1 atm. gas-liquid systems. gas-liquid systems (Cont. abnormal distribution. total vapor tray considerations. 14-81 vacuum levels attainable with various types of K-values. 18-18 water over aqueous sulfuric acid solutions. dynamic measurements. 8-80. 8-39 pressures. 20-50 to 20-51 solutions. partial pressures. 14-80 diffusion pump. 1-2 pressures. 24-57 pressures. 20-50 20 to 55°C. 2-478 vibrofluidization. 14-14 equipment. 17-6 evaporative. 14-29 applications. 16-56 water over aqueous SO2 solutions. 2-87 froth emulsions. 8-79 modified Raoult’s law. 2-80 gases. 19-9 Wagner vapor pressure equation. 10-7 known process models. 2-89 factors favoring packings. 14-42 economics. partial calculation methods. solutions (Cont. 6-46 to 6-47 vapor pressure. 20-50 water in saturated air over aqueous H3PO4 valve trays. 14-15 valve design. 8-59 schematic. 6-36 to 6-39 vapor pressure. 10-13 tuning method: inorganic and organic liquids. quick opening. 2-81 tray efficiencies. partial pressures. 10-7 turbidostat. 10-6 benefits. 4-35 14-15 valve positioner. valve design. 2-89 turndown. 8-82 factors favoring trays. 2-477 minimum Hodgson numbers. 18-25 technologies: Clausius-Clapeyron equation. 24-57 pressures. 17-40 to 17-41 background. 8-84 to 4-35 steam stripping. 8-79 results for methanol/acetone. 8-62 water over aqueous HCl solutions. 14-27 flux behavior. 8-84 solute/solvent systems. partial pressures. 2-89 Jossi-Stiel-Thodos method. mole scale-up from a pilot or bench-scale column. sizing. 2-86 dumping. 24-57 HCl over aqueous HCl solutions. 2-92 tray capacity enhancement. 14-32 NH3 over aqueous NH3 solutions. 6-36 to 6-37 calculation methods. 2-84 to 2-85 vapor and liquid-load definitions. 19-46 Reidel equation. thermodynamics. 8-52 of the system. 2-89 density. 2-48 vena contracta region. valve design. 14-47 ultraviolet and visible radiation analyzer. partial factors affecting. 20-54 water and CH3OH over aqueous methyl loss under downcomer. 12-26 various liquids. partial pressures. 2-82 to 2-83 14-80 water-sulfuric acid-nitric acid. 8-65 water. 8-74 thermodynamics. 10-58 vaporization/implosion transitions. 8-18 inorganic compounds. and kinematic viscosity of water and air thermal energy storage (TES). 2-309. 7-35 water ice from 0 to −40°C. 2-94 definitions. 2-65 to static. 14-40 design considerations: solutions. 14-47 properties. 1-2 water over aqueous NH3 solutions. 8-83 definition. 4-16 pressures. partial experience factors. 10-20 transition region. 8-60 HI over aqueous HI solutions at 25°C. 6-47 solutions. 14-48 modules and systems. 24-56 solutions: view factors. 7-37 tube banks. and flash. partial pressures. 14-14 value-improving practices. 10-60 data reduction. 4-30 to 4-31 to 14-15 value. 10-7 process model is uknown. 4-31 to 4-32 tray-tower design. 14-44 single pass TFF. fluid cracking. 14-29 ultrafiltration: pressure. with special names. 10-58 calculations: trays vs structured packings. 14-50 units and quantities: pressures. leaching and extraction. additional common. 6-46 to 6-47 HNO3 and water over aqueous HNO3 outlet weir. 9-48. 20-53 to 20-54 water and HBr over aqueous HBr solutions at transition between flow regimes. 14-51. jackets and coils. 14-26 sures. 14-32 component transport: solutions. partial calculation. 1-2 water over aqueous sodium carbonate theoretical efficiency prediction. 14-46 solute passage/retention. partial pressures. 8-78 variance-covariance matrix. 2-93 tray spacing. partial pres- tray area definitions. 2-88 radial trays. 2-94 pressure drop. 2-505 . 2-48 vena contracta condition. weights. 20-50 sulfur trioxide over aqueous sulfuric acid truncated dowcomers/forward push trays. 2-477 to 2-478. 4-34 graphical design procedure. 2-478 vessels. 14-44 under damped. VLE. 14-14 valve control devices. 14-29 eddy spectrum. 8-91 valves for on/off applications. 20-53 sulfuric acid over aqueous sulfuric acid entrainment. 12-4. 14-81 vacuum equipment. 14-80 vacuum systems. 17-37. 6-37 to 6-39 liquids: velocity. 8-19 water over aqueous H3PO4 solutions. other hydraulic limits. 14-14 materials ratings. 24-57 calculation methods. 24-56 to 24-57 acetic acid aqueous solutions. 14-48 continuous. 4-35 trip valves. 14-52 uniform cycle. derived. 14-52 units. 14-40 solute flux. SI: percentages. 20-52 sulfuric acid over aqueous sulfuric acid tray columns. 2-55 to 2-60 resisitive thermal detectors (RTDs). 8-79 gamma/phi approach. 16-59 solutions. 2-48 venture-scrubber models. 17-16 water over aqueous NaOH solutions. partial scale-up from an existing commercial column. 2-90 14-50 derived. 4-31 trend alarm. 2-477 order of reliability for square-edged orifices and tubular reactor. 2-81 fundamentals. tray towers and packed towers. 14-49 upper specification limit. 2-477 venturi tubes. comparison. 14-81 vacuum. 14-34 time averaging. 8-67 valve types. 6-37 Antoine equation. partial weeping. 14-48 UOP sorbex process. 14-50 unit operations control. supercooled liquid from 0 to −40°C. 14-47 membranes. 8-80 turbine flowmeters. 9-52 equation-of-state approach. total pressure. 4-28 algebraic method for concentrated gases. 2-504 turbine meter. 20-53 solutions. 20-54 alcohol solutions. 10-20 tracers. 8-85 extrapolation of data with temperature. 22-60 residue maps. 22-65 wood.S. 12-4. 8-30 Hsu method group contributions. 12-5. 22-63 wet density. 13-79 examples. 22-75 ideal. costs. 7-18 determination of kinetic and stoichiometric workstations. 4-38 to 4-39 VOCs. 12-26 calculation methods. 13-79 multizone enclosures. lost. 5-24 to 5-27.): thermodynamic properties. 22-62 toxic substances. kinematic. 5-25. 22-77 humidity. 22-78 weights and measures. 22-77 to 13-80 two zone enclosure. 2-509 gravity sedimentation. physical-chemical treatment (Cont. 22-63 Antoine vapor pressure. 22-69 temperature. 16-8 dissolved solids. 22-77 water treatment ion exchange cycles. 16-10 22-66 working capital. 22-64 flooding in wetted-wall columns. 14-82 viscous materials. 20-5 to 20-6 inorganics. 22-63 zone melting.): Reichenberg group contribution values. 2-506 stabilization. 5-36 to 5-37 physical-chemical treatment. 22-64 wetted-wall columns. 22-65 wet-dry cooling. 2-508 primary. 2-416 liquids. 22-72 flowmeters. 22-63 residue curve. 16-54 calculation methods. 22-76 sensitivity of composition and temperature. categories. 5-28 to 5-29 pH and alkalinity. 18-28 secondary treatment. 22-63 wastewater treatment. 22-62 z transform. INDEX 31 viscosity. 18-30 biological fluidized beds. 14-83 double. 16-38 Hsu method. 22-3 wastewater. 2-307. characteristics and treatment. 12-25 parameters. 24-7 kneading. 22-64 wet-bulb temperature. 22-62 water: applications. treatment. 22-51 design of biological treatment systems. 22-67 xenon. 9-10. 22-62 saturated solid/vapor. 22-62 BIP data. double arm. 2-506 stripping. 8-37 liquid mixtures. 2-506 membrane processes. 14-85 anchor. process control. 6-41 to 6-42 lagoons. 22-80 western electric rule. 9-6. 22-78 weighting factor. 13-9 Reichenberg method. equalization. 2-417 to 2-418 rotating biological contactors (RBCs). thermodynamic properties. 22-69 work: planetary. 24-7 trickling filters. 22-76 2-412 methodology. matrix formulation. 10-7 industrial reuse. 8-70 volumetric humidity. 13-9. U. 13-7. 12-5 pseudo constants. 22-63 8-19 grease and oil removal. 18-28 screens. 2-506 ion exchange. 12-4 Grunberg-Nissan equation. 13-13 zone method. gases (Cont. 9-9. 8-60 packed-bed fixed-film systems. 22-64 Ziegler and Nichols closed-loop method. 20-6 neutralization. 13-90 electrical network analog. 5-26 . 18-31 priority pollutants. 18-31 activated sludge. 13-70. 12-6 UNIFAC-VISCO group interaction chemical precipitation. water (Cont. 5-27 to 5-28 organics. total. 22-74 reactor concepts. 16-10 UNIFAC-VISCO method. removal for air. 22-78 thermodynamic properties. 2-505 22-79 water substance along the melting line. characteristics and treatment. triple shaft. 22-74 21-133 vortex shedding. 22-59 solids. 7-30. 22-64 whole effluent toxicity (WET). 22-68 Wurster coaters. 2-413 to 2-415 2-505 chemical oxidation. 2-95 Yoon-Thodos method. 2-506 pretreatment. 8-8 wastewater. mixing (pastes and doughs): grit chambers.): wastewater. 5-16 helical ribbon. 22-74 waste fuel analysis. 5-36 to 5-39 oil and grease. 5-25 adsorption. 13-14 component separation. 22-77 VLE data. von Deemter equation. customary. 22-60 Wien equation. 2-507 objectives. 22-79 wet basis. 2-505 concentration: thickening and flotation. 22-78 wave shape. sizes and capacities. 20-5 nutrients and eutrophication. water content of air. 22-64 mass transfer. 5-27 advanced oxidation process. 22-62 zeolites. 4-39 voidage. 9-17 volumetric growth rate. 1-18 to 2-508 sludge processing. 16-44 fixed-film reactor systems. 2-506 membrane bioreactors (MBRs). 22-78. 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