Parmenides Poems (Campbell, E H)

Page |1THE POEM OF PARMENIDES A NEW TRANSLATION WITH TEXT AND COMMENTARY By E. H. Campbell INOPIBUS PRESS: BOZEMAN, MT FIRST EDITION Page |2 © Copyright 2011 E. H. Campbell Page |3 Ad bona dea Empanda Page |4 ABBREVIATIONS Inf. = infinitive mood Impers. = impersonal 1st = first person Inst. = Instrumental Case 2nd = second person Ion. = Ionic 3rd = third person Lat. = Latin α privat. = alpha privative Lit. = literally Abl. =ablative case Loc. = locative Acc. = accusative case Masc. = masculine gender Act. = active voice Med. = medial or middle voice Adj. = adjective Metaph. = metaphorically Adv. = adverb Mid. = middle voice Aor. = aorist tense Mid./Pass. = middle/passive voice Cf. = confere, compare Neut. = neuter gender Collat. = collateral Nom. = nominative case Comp. = comparative Opt. = optative mood Dat. = dative case Orig. = originally Dor. = Doric Part. = participle Enclit. = enclitic Partic. = particle Ep. = Epic Pass. = passive voice Fem. = feminine gender Perf. = perfective tense Fut. = future tense Pl. = plural Gen. = genitive case Pluperf. = pluperfective tense Gk. = Greek poët. = poëtic I.e. = id est, that is Pres. = present tense Impf. = imperfective tense Sing. = singular Ind. = indicative mood Superl. = superlative ........................................................................................................................15 III.................38 XI...........................................43 XVII..... .................................................. .................................................................. ..........................................................................37 X.............................................................................................................................................................................................................43 XVI....................................................................................................................................................48 ........ ..............................................43 XVa..............................................................................................45 XIX......................................................................................................................................................42 XIV.............................................................................................. ............................................ 6 I............................................................................................................................................... 7 II............................................ ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Preface ...................................................................................................................46 Operas Citatas ......................... ..................................................................... ................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................................................................... ......... ........................................19 VII..17 IV..............................................................................................................42 XV.......................................................41 XIII................................................................................... ......................................................... .............................. ............ ............................................................................................................................................................................................................20 VIII..........................................................................40 XII......................................................... ...................................................................................................................................................................... ....................................17 V................................................................................................................................................................................................18 VI....................................................................................Page |5 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS .................................44 XVIII.......22 IX................................. is not even close to good enough for the contemporary student. is the best English translation. To the best of my knowledge. the John Burnet (1892) translation being incomplete. since an good translation has. I shall rely on my readers to supply the necessary corrections when needed. in English. Edward H. that. what is extant comes to us in fragments. and we believe they have. and will not interpret his philosophy. Campbell Bozeman. For my part. with meager knowledge of it. In view of the foregoing. I will not reiterate the biography of Parmenides.Page |6 PREFACE For those who are concerned with such matters. know what went before or what came after each of them. I have. the enumeration of those fragments in the table of contents to this work is a supposed logical order handed over to us by the textual critics of the 19th century. We accept as correct their text as an article of faith. if they did their work right. however. let it. then what we do have is the best text we shall ever have. whereas it is available elsewhere in many places. I must confess my philological powers often failed me. then. each part of the poem is a fragment. therefore. been non-extant. until now. be a spring-board for a new study of this worthy author. 2011 . my translation and commentary are flawed. MT June 23. I have rendered only his poem. leaving context to conjecture. no good translation of the Poem of Parmenides has been produced. The student should note. in translating it putting in enough of myself by translating. therefore. Keep in mind. moreover. produced one. of his poem. and. nevertheless. you will find. Like all things mortal. which has been done poorly. from what was done. ad hoc. We cannot. sing. 13 also = songs.Page |7 I. 14 εἰδότα φῶτα could also mean ‘a knowing light. imperf. 8 9 neut. nom. or know. acc. of πέμπω. lead. act. of βαίνω. of φέρω. sing. 12 masc. nom. nom. fetch. carry. reach. goddess.’ but light knows not. bear. / acc. produce. sing.1 ὅσον τ' ἐπὶ θυμὸς2 ἱκάνοι. part. of φέρω. of ἄστυ.13 which. gen. heart. to see. of ἄγω. going down through every town. sing.. brought forth a man who knows. of δαίμων. abounding in songs and legends. to come to. 11 masc. / acc.3 πέμπον. generally. [1] Ἵπποι ταί με φέρουσιν. 5 neut. town. nom. to come. send. pres. bring forth. one’s lot or fortune. pres. perf. 3 3rd sing. god. the power controlling the destiny of individuals: hence. life. 4 3rd pl. part. ind. 7 fem. leading me on a fated path abounding in legends. pl. pres. 6 neut. / acc. light.8 ἣ κατὰ πάντ' ἄστη9 φέρει10 εἰδότα11 φῶτα·12 Mares carry me along and sent me as far as my heart desires. of οἶδα. man. ind. fem. of φάος. or neut. pl. men do. 10 3rd sing. bring. ind. step. soul. spiritual or semi-divine being inferior to the Gods. pl. act. opt. to go. act. pres. 2 masc. act. of φώς. act. .4 ἐπεί μ' ἐς ὁδὸν βῆσαν5 πολύφημον6 ἄγουσαι7 δαίμονος. sing. 14 1 3rd pl. convey. to walk. of ἱκάνω. acc. of πολύφημος. genius. act. sing. nom. nom. attain to. mid. from or on both sides. mid. [10] εἰς φάος.Page |8 τῇ φερόμην·15 τῇ γάρ με πολύφραστοι φέρον16 ἵπποι [5] ἅρμα τιταίνουσαι. 22 masc. ind.18 And brought to it I was by wise horses in a chariot. ind of ἵημι. pres. of ἡγεμονεύω. kindle. 21 fem. gen. send. sing. nom. 18 3rd pl. ind. send away. imperf. ὠσάμεναι28 κράτων29 ἄπο χερσὶ30 καλύπτρας. pl. nom. girl. pres. abl. light up. mid. 26 pres. and maidens lined-up led the way. lead the way. 27 neut. press by weight. throw. pl. pass. imperf. Ἄξων δ' ἐν χνοίῃσιν19 ἵει20 σύριγγος21 ἀυτήν αἰθόμενος22—δοιοῖς23 γὰρ ἐπείγετο24 δινωτοῖσιν κύκλοις ἀμφοτέρωθεν25 ὅτε σπερχοίατο πέμπειν26 Ἡλιάδες κοῦραι./pass. 23 Adj. of φέρω. dat. of φέρω. hurl. imperf. of σῦριγξ. 16 3rd pl. of ἐπείγω. 20 3rd sing. 24 3rd sing. dat. dat. pl. act. neut. act. of πέμπω. acc. act. . a pipe. act. / pass. house. two. a shepherds pipe./pass. dismiss. ind. 17 fem. = burn. gen. part. pl. κοῦραι17 δ' ὁδὸν ἡγεμόνευον. of αἴθω. sing. imperf. of χνόη.. 19 fem. ind.31 15 1st sing. axel box. of κόρη. προλιποῦσαι δώματα27 Νυκτός. 25 Adv. of δοιοί. loc. inf. of δῶμα. both. 42 Adj. neut. pl. sing. head. sing. of μέγας. acc. big. there. mid. aor. gen. to be filled. 39 fem. of σφεῖς. they. on both sides. pl. nom. of πύλη. arm. pl. .Page |9 And in their boxes from their axels pipes burning flames sent. gen. to be filled. acc. pl. lintel of a door. belonging to the upper air. hand and arm. forsaking their homes for the night Ἔνθα32 πύλαι33 Νυκτός τε καὶ Ἤματός εἰσι κελεύθων. of κάλυπτρα. pl. gen. Ether. thrust back their veils. mid. hand. pl. vast. abl. high. by weight were on both sides pressed. 38 a threshold. 36 neut. 41 πλῆντο 3rd pl./pass. path. gen. 33 fem. push. ind. 37 Adv. abl. great.34 καί σφας35 ὑπέρθυρον36 ἀμφὶς37 ἔχει καὶ λάϊνος οὐδός·38 αὐταὶ39 δ' αἰθέριαι40 πλῆνται41 μεγάλοισι42 θυρέτροις·43 28 fem. of κέλευθος. satisfied. of ὠθέω. of πίμπλημι. of αἰθέριος. pl. acc. be full of. pl. nom. 31 fem. of ὑπερθύριον. when sun maidens. top. part. dat. mighty. 35 fem. nom. 34 fem. pl. 29 neut. or fem. have enough of a thing. because both in circles whirling. with their hands from their heads. peak. them. these 40 fem. one wing of a pair of double gates. aor. dat. 32 Adv. of κάρα. dat. 30 fem. where. thereupon. thrust. nom. of χείρ. pl. road. of instrument. veil. pl. of manner. of ὠθέω. pl. wisely. pl. of λόγος. act. pl. 55 masc. thus. sing. 56 Adv. part. dat.46 Where there are the gates of the paths of Night and Day and on both sides they a lintel and a marble threshold have.52 ὥς σφιν53 βαλανωτὸν54 ὀχῆα55 ἀπτερέως56 ὤσειε57 πυλέων58 ἄπο· ταὶ δὲ θυρέτρων59 43 neut. 47 Then. 57 3rd sing. dat. 45 fem. / neut. of ὀχεύς. persuade. dat. 50 masc. masc. [15] Τὴν δὴ47 παρφάμεναι48 κοῦραι μαλακοῖσι49 λόγοισιν. 48 παρφάμενος. they. mid. ind. soft. gentle. bolt. masc. acc. 46 ἀμοιβαῖος = giving like for like. giving like for like. dat. door. circumspectly. them. aor. of θύρετρα. speak gently to. part. shove. . push. the keys holds. sing. anything used for holding or fastening.P a g e | 10 τῶν δὲ Δίκη πολύποινος44 ἔχει κληῖδας45 ἀμοιβούς. sing. appease. opt. swiftly. of μαλακός. now. of κλείς. aor. dat. of σφεῖς. And Justice much-avenging. nom.50 πεῖσαν51 ἐπιφραδέως.. force back. Med. / fem. And these as a mighty doors Ether filled. of πείθω. 44 πολύ + ποινος = much-avenging. acc. 52 Adv. of παράφημι. 51 neut. to thrust. 53 masc. persuade. advise. pl. pres. 54 βαλανόω. acc... 49 Adj. quickly. 65 σύριγξ. acc. 71 partic. pl. 64 masc. acc. turn around.. fly up. metaph. act. brass. 61 3rd pl. likewise. hold. act. naturally. thus τῇ ῥα Δι = ‘so the Goddess’ where Δι is poet. hurry off. 73 masc.’ 63 πολύχαλκος. dual perf. mid. join. dat. vast. 74 masc. fit together. high-road. so. part. gate 59 neut. maidens wisely persuade. 60 neut. ind. act. have. door. of πύλη. given in return. And then. immense. nom. of θύρετρα. dat. highway. of ἁμαξιτός. of γόμφος. sing. acc. 69 fem. bolt. of ἀραρίσκω. gen. gen. with gentle words. pipe. giving like for like. interchanging. 76 Adj. nom. of ἄξων. part. carriage-road. 77 neut. 66 ἀμοιβαῖος. pl. of ἰθύς. so then. make. nom. pl. sing. chariot. for Διι. 62 fem. pin. of ποιέω. aor. axle. 75 3rd pl. acc. fly away. pl. neut. of ἀναπέτομαι. sing. pl. pl. nom. . pl. of εὐθύς. straightforward. 58 fem. aor. door. or masc. nom. straight. sing. as it appears.P a g e | 11 χάσμ' ἀχανὲς60 ποίησαν61 ἀναπτάμεναι62 πολυχάλκους63 ἄξονας64 ἐν σύριγξιν65 ἀμοιβαδὸν66 εἰλίξασαι67 [20] γόμφοις68 καὶ περόνῃσιν69 ἀρηρότε·70 τῇ ῥα71 Δι72 αὐτέων73 ἰθὺς74 ἔχον75 κοῦραι κατ' ἀμαξιτὸν76 ἅρμα77 καὶ ἵππους. imperf. 70 neut. whirl. of περόνη. ἄρα. straight course. of ἔχω. ‘to be on the wing. 67 ελίσσω. then. τῇ<Δι is dative of instrument. 72 changed from δι’ in Deils text. yawning. traversed by wagons. gen. retributive. of αὐτός. reciprocal. sing. ind. turn about. of ἀχανής. 68 masc. sing. so too maidens chariot and the horses down the highway. act. 84 Adv. acc. words. so very. Just as by the Goddess bolts and pins were held straight in their course. aor. thus. ind. 83 3rd sing. dative of instrument. πρόφρων. act. aor.83 ὧδε84 δ' ἔπος85 φάτο86 καί με προσηύδα·87 And the cheerful Goddess welcomed me. sing. speak to. 82 fem.P a g e | 12 Then their fastening bolts quickly forced back from the wings of the doors a yawning chasm made brazen axels in pipes likewise whirl. of δεξιτερός. exceedingly. ind. 80 fem. aor. mid. and right with right hand took. . of ὑποδέχομαι. seize. and these immortal words spoke: ὦ κοῦρ'88 ἀθανάτοισι89 συνάορος90 ἡνιόχοισιν. in this wise. mid. word. imperf. of αἱρέω. welcome. nom. acc. 81 fem. sing.91 78 fem. ind. utterance.79 χεῖρα80 δὲ χειρί81 δεξιτερὴν82 ἕλεν. ind. of ἔπος. hand. 86 3rd sing. grasp. 87 3rd sing. of χείρ. take with the hand. acc. of χείρ. Καί με θεὰ πρόφρων78 ὑπεδέξατο. dat. right-hand of two. so. of φημί. cheerful. of ὅδε. receive into one’s house. sing. address. 79 3rd sing. of προσαυδάω. 85 neut. sing. ἀλλὰ θέμις τε δίκη τε. of βροτός. pl. 96 Adv. come to. nom. 89 neut. dismiss. ταῖς οὐκ ἔνι106 πίστις ἀληθής. well-rounded. of ἀθάνατος. need. nom. arrive at.’correlates with ἠδὲ infra. boy. . 105 masc. 88 κοῦρος. immortal. lad. 102 aor.’ 100 Adv. of ἱκάνω.. ἡνιόχεύω. sing. 103 ‘and. ours 94 neut. ‘in no wise. of ἡμέτερος. for ἡνιόχέω. dat.’ 97 προπεμψα aor. sing. sing. pres.. deathless. 104 εὐκυκλος. poet.. mid. sing. gen. joy. go. mid. Χρεὼ101 δέ σε πάντα πυθέσθαι102 ἠμὲν103 Ἀληθείης εὐκυκλέος104 ἀτρεμὲς ἦτορ [30] ἠδὲ βροτῶν105 δόξας. want.. learn. 91 fem. for κόρος.P a g e | 13 [25] ἵπποις ταί σε φέρουσιν ἱκάνων92 ἡμέτερον93 δῶ. dat. house. reach.94 χαῖρ'. charioteer.95 ἐπεὶ οὔτι96 σε μοῖρα κακὴ προὔπεμπε97 νέεσθαι98 τήνδ'99 ὁδόν—ἦ γὰρ ἀπ' ἀνθρώπων ἐκτὸς100 πάτου ἐστίν—. part. outside. Ion. 93 Adj. neut. 101 fem. delight. 99 fem. acc. to send before. pl. accompanying. act. inf. of δῶμα. nom. our. sing. of ὅδε = ‘this here. mortal. 90 fem. 98 pres. of προπεμπω. 95 χαρά.. acc. of νέομαι. inf. 92 masc. of πυνθάνομαι.. / pass. ’ 107 ἔμπης = notwithstanding. charioteers and horses accompanying. acc. act. 108 2nd sing. of χράω. you to our abode carrying. come to know.108 ὡς τὰ δοκοῦντα109 χρῆν110 δοκίμως111 εἶναι διὰ παντὸς πάντα περῶντα. acc. to deliver an acceptable oracle— 106 3rd sing. part. of δοκέω. nevertheless. these things too you will nevertheless learn. but is both right and just. 110 pres. pass through.112 ‚O lad. 112 neut. fancy. inf. of περάω. of ἔνειμι = ‘to be possible.. the well-rounded truth. and your heart unmoved by mortal opinions— in which it is not possible for there to be true faith. delight not in the ill fate which sent you on this here path. of μανθάνω. think. fut. deliver and oracle 111 Adv. ind. act. and pl. pl. for it is far from that tread by men... penetrate. traverse. acceptable. pl. mid. But want for yourself to everything learn. of δόκιμος. how things are to be thought. pres.P a g e | 14 Ἀλλ΄ ἔμπης107 καὶ ταῦτα μαθήσεαι. 109 neut. learn. . attend. act. 117 masc.’ Cf.. solitary. 127 128 fem. nom. narrative. 113 3rd sing. Εἰ δ’ ἄγ’ ἐγὼν = ‘come on. both similar and opposites. Εἰ δ' ἄγ'113 ἐγὼν114 ἐρέω. sing of ἐγώ. belonging to a way. bring. 114 masc.115 κόμισαι116 δὲ σὺ μῦθον117 ἀκούσας. Ep. pl μουνας. inf.P a g e | 15 because of being passed in every way through everything. of νοέω. the Goddess of persuasion. mid. act. aor.’ cf. myth. . ind. 121 fem. τὲ<καί is not used when one clause is subordinate to another and cannot have the force of ‘both<and. 118 masc.129 [5] ἡ δ' ὡς οὐκ ἔστιν τε καὶ ὡς χρεών130 ἐστι μὴ εἶναι. imperf. nom. act. 122 fem. act. acc. speech. aor. gen. nom.118 αἵπερ119 ὁδοὶ120 μοῦναι121 διζήσιός122 εἰσι123 νοῆσαι·124 ἡ μὲν125 ὅπως126 ἔστιν τε καὶ127 ὡς οὐκ ἔστι μὴ εἶναι. II. hear. for εἵπερ 120 ὁδος. word. Ion. ind. part. of ὀπαδέω. inquiry. lead. πειθοῦς128 ἐστι κέλευθος ἀληθείῃ γὰρ ὀπηδεῖ. 124 aor. 115 1st sing. act. to follow. Liddell and Scott. alone. τὲ καί. sing. 119 Dor. of ἀκούω. I. gen. or mere persuasion. imper. 125 ἡ μὲν anticipates ἡ δ’ infra where ἡ = πειθω 126 Conj. 123 3rd pl. tale. of δίζησις. Smyth’s Greek Grammar: 2974 . wait upon. think.. attend. conduct. pres. sing of Πειθώ. sing. 129 3rd sing. often serves to unite components. of μῦθος. ind. of εἰμί. that which is conveyed by word of mouth. of ἄγω. of manner. of ἐρέω I will say. care for. ind. of κομίζω.. act. accompany. pres. sing. fut. 116 2nd sing. 137 conditional partic. Thus I show you the straight path to learn to be. act.. act. 135 pres. fate. nom. that which is expedient or right.. practicable. inquire. opt.142 Come you! I will tell. to be accomplished. To a myth you heard you have attended. act. to the word or words which it influences. pres. acc. learn. 139 enclt. 140 possessive adj. 142 2nd sing.. show. opt. of the 3rd sing.P a g e | 16 τὴν δή131 τοι132 φράζω133 παναπευθέα134 ἔμμεν135 ἀταρπόν·136 οὔτε γὰρ ἂν137 γνοίης138 τό γε139 μὴ ἐὸν140 οὐ γὰρ ἀνυστόν141 οὔτε φράσαις. .. it being necessary. 132 Dor. 134 πυνθανομαι. of σύ.’ 141 neut. calling attention to the words it follows by limitations. of ἀνυστός. as if indeed the paths for inquiry to think are one. subj. inf. aor. perceive. straight path. 130 131 Particle used to give greater exactness. on the one hand the path of persuasion to truth in the manner is is it follows not is is not to be on the other hand not is. of φράζω. ‘it’s own. necessity. sing. of εἰμί 136 fem. know by observation. form a judgment. 138 2nd sing. of ἀτραπός. point out. of φράζω. sing. act.. Ion. sing. Liddel and Scott. ask. sing. cf. of γιγνώσκω. since it was necessary. dat. and Ep. know by reflection. to learn by asking. πευθομαι. that which must be. neut. think. for σοί. in the protasis. aor. show. a path with no turnings. must not be. 133 1st sing. / ind. point out. partic. nom. neut. steady./pass. all the same. to be present so as to help./pass. of ἄπειμι. stand by. imper. 149 3rd sing.e. nor it if I had not it pointed out. inf. mid. for it is possible not. sing. acc. act. nom. and of things. of λεῦσσω. of πάρειμι. firm. pres. sing. still. τὸ γὰρ αὐτὸ νοεῖν ἐστίν τε καὶ εἶναι.’ 145 146 masc. behold. of things. acc. mind. 150 neut.’ 147 148 Adv.P a g e | 17 for neither could you by observation have known it. For it is the same to think it and it to be. see. of νόος. mid. sing. disperse. pl. pres. of ἔχω. to be by. to be away or absent. to be spread or scattered. to be away or far from. part. of ἀποτμήγω. act. gen. . ind. 152 neut. fut. part. III. Λεῦσσε143 δ' ὅμως144 ἀπεόντα145 νόῳ146 παρεόντα147 βεβαίως·148 οὐ γὰρ ἀποτμήξει149 τὸ ἐὸν τοῦ ἐόντος150 ἔχεσθαι151 οὔτε σκιδνάμενον152 πάντῃ153 πάντως154 κατὰ κόσμον155 143 2nd sing. act. nevertheless. παρά + εἰμί = ‘to have come to be. notwithstanding. to be by or near one. pl. be divided .. to cut off from. ἀπό + εἰμί = ‘to have passed away. IV. neut. ready or at hand.. 144 Conj. dat. i. steadfast. to look or gaze upon. pres. of σκίδνημι. to be by or present. certain. to be wanting. of εἰμί. 151 pres. sure. contrive. sing. organize. put together. on all sides. being neither scattered in all directions in the Cosmos. sing. unite. 160 Adv. . attain to. it shall not itself be cut off from being. mid. Ξυνὸν157 δὲ μοί ἐστιν.. having being. common. 1st sing. subj. altogether.P a g e | 18 οὔτε συνιστάμενον. ὁππόθεν158 ἄρξωμαι159· τόθι160 γὰρ πάλιν ἵξομαι161 αὖθις. of ἄρχω. befits. pertains to. of κόσμος. completely. reach. 155 masc. there. mid. 156 neut. aor. 161 162 Adv. to be first. arrangement.. nom. back again. whence. acc.. order. 154 Adv. associate. for there I again shall return. 153 Adv. by all means. nor completely combined. back. combine. frame. approach as suppliant. fut./pass. part. from what place 159 1st sing. it becomes. 158 Adv. public. mid.162 And it is to me all the same whence I shall have begun. proper. for. of ἱκνέομαι.156 And in your mind clearly see things not being coming to be. general. V. of συνίστημι. 157 ξυνὸς = κοινὸς. in all directions. in that place. that which is fitting. ind. wholly. pres. of στῆθος. struck with terror. for it is to be and nothing not is. 173 δίκρανος. sing. pl. bid. perf. Cf. thereupon. Χρὴ τὸ λέγειν τε νοεῖν τ' ἐὸν ἔμμεναι·163 ἔστι γὰρ εἶναι. act. . two-headed 174 fem. perf. see. act. know. nom. Πρώτης γάρ σ' ἀφ' ὁδοῦ ταύτης διζήσιος166 <εἴργω>. ind.167 αὐτὰρ168 ἔπειτ'169 ἀπὸ τῆς. ind.165 It is necessary to speak it and to think the being to be. of φράζω. 171 masc. 167 1st sing. of εἰμί. form. order. pres. this I bid thee ponder./pass. mid. 175 neut. hinder. mould and πλήσσω. nevertheless. mid. act. order. seat of the will. 168 but. nom. inquiry. inf. 170 post.172 δίκρανοι·173 ἀμηχανίη174 γὰρ ἐν αὐτῶν στήθεσιν175 ἰθύνει176 πλακτὸν177 νόον· οἱ δὲ φοροῦνται178 163 pres. Symth 2840. 166 fem. the breast as the seat of feeling and thought. μηδὲν δ' οὐκ ἔστιν· τά σ' ἐγὼ φράζεσθαι164 ἄνωγα. in truth. of δίζησις. 164 pres. ponder. of ἔργνυμι = εἴργω. pos. subj.. dat. ἣν δὴ170 βροτοὶ εἰδότες171 οὐδὲν [5] πλάττονται. want of means. 165 1st sing. pres./pass. shut in. inf. gen. command. of ἄνωγα. 169 Adv.P a g e | 19 VI. sing. part of οἶδα.. of πλάσσω. to be sure. act. pl. 172 3rd pl. confine. οἷς τὸ πέλειν180 τε καὶ οὐκ εἶναι ταὐτὸν νενόμισται181 κοὐ ταὐτόν. astounded. 179 masc. nevertheless. part. 178 3rd pl. VII. from that which men have. come into existence.P a g e | 20 κωφοὶ ὁμῶς τυφλοί τε. then. of φορέω. be 181 3rd sing. customary practice.’ . ind. πάντων δὲ παλίντροπός ἐστι κέλευθος. perf. act. and dazzled like a disorderly tribe—to whom it is customary for a thing to come to be this and not to be this. repeated. pres. τεθηπότες. amazed. 177 πλακτός. nom. 182 ‘the seat of the will. act. 182 lacks means to straighten their twisted mind. inf. for their heart. 180 pres. ind. But just as they are perpetually young. blind. of τέθηπα. Οὐ γὰρ μήποτε183 τοῦτο δαμῇ184 εἶναι μὴ ἐόντα· 176 3rd sing. / pass. make straight. ind. in truth. act. seen nothing. become.179 ἄκριτα φῦλα. of νομίζω. mid / pass. forming two heads. To you I ought hinder from this first path. and everything is a winding road. twisted. perf. mid. pres. repeated or habitual action. to be astonished. of ἰθύνω. of πέλω. pl. acc. of δαμάζω. sing. gen. thought. act. direct you down this road. urge on. of ἠχεω. much contested.. κρῖναι δὲ λόγῳ πολύδηριν193 ἔλεγχον194 ἐξ ἐμέθεν195 ῥηθέντα. sing. aimless. fut. 191 masc. acc. acc. act. that which is perceived. of ἄσκοπος.. of βιάω. refutation. shut in. . distribute. 184 3rd sing. 185 fem. and from this path of inquiry shut-off your perception. drive on. aor. acc. imper. sound heard.196 For never will this overcome—to be is not being. aor. act. sing. shut off. pres. pres. of ἐγώ. gen. 192 3rd pl. 195 fem. guide. sing. And let not custom urge. heedless. to sound. 186 2nd sing.P a g e | 21 ἀλλὰ σὺ τῆσδ' ἀφ' ὁδοῦ διζήσιος185 εἶργε186 νόημα·187 μηδέ σ' ἔθος πολύπειρον188 ὁδὸν κατὰ τήνδε βιάσθω.189 νωμᾶν190 ἄσκοπον191 ὄμμα καὶ ἠχήεσσαν192 ἀκουήν [5] καὶ γλῶσσαν. 189 3rd sing. pass. 190 neut. gain the mastery over. 193 πολύ + δηρις. of δίζησις. of νόημα. 187 neut. sing. sing. inconsiderate. 183 Adv. deal out. nom. argument of disproof. on no account. wandering eye. 194 masc. imper. sing. constrain. ind. acc. pres. ind. / acc. of ἔλεγχος. 188 fem. of ἐρῶ. sing. overpower. direct. sing. pass. act. perception. of ἔργω. 196 masc. subdue. inquiry. part. never. of νωμάω. or word of mouth. of πολύπειρος. acc. neut. much experienced. mid. part. / fem. 202 οὐλομενος = οὐλος. without end.205 ἐπεὶ νῦν ἔστιν ὁμοῦ206 πᾶν. of σῆμα. / pass. mid. 197 2nd sing. uncreated. 198 3rd sing. for it is perfect and unmoving. leave. sing. of ἀτρεμής. nom. mid. calm. ἐστι γὰρ οὐλομελές202 τε καὶ ἀτρεμὲς203 ἠδ' ἀτέλεστον·204 And myth alone still leads you by the right path it being forsaken for it is. whole. . complete. pl. / pass. pres. nom. endless. of ὁδοω. of ἀτέλεστος. opt. of ἀγένητος. unoriginated. 200 neut. sign. perfect. VIII. token. Μόνος δ' ἔτι μῦθος ὁδοῖο197 λείπεται198 ὡς ἔστιν· ταύτῃ δ' ἐπὶ σήματ'199 ἔασι πολλὰ μάλ'. of λείπω. nom. unmoved. lead by the right way. quit. mark. ὡς ἀγένητον200 ἐὸν καὶ ἀνώλεθρόν201 ἐστιν. and for this there are very many signs. 201 neut. already endless. pres. nom. 204 neut.P a g e | 22 but with reason distinguish my much contested refutation to be mentioned. as uncreated and unmoved being is. nom. indestructible. [5] οὐδέ ποτ' ἦν οὐδ' ἔσται. 203 neut. / acc. continuous. 199 neut. ind. of ἀνώλεθρος. ind. sing. of δίζημαι. fut. of γέννα. 207 neut. sing. of ὁμός. aor. mid. birth origin. of εἰμί. sing. 209 fem. thinkable. ind. grow. holding together. of φημί. sing. look for. 210 2nd sing. seek out. of ἐαω.207 συνεχές·208 τίνα γὰρ γένναν209 διζήσεαι210 αὐτοῦ;211 πῇ πόθεν αὐξηθέν;212 οὔτ΄ ἐκ μὴ ἐόντος ἐάσσω213 φάσθαι214 σ' οὐδὲ νοεῖν· οὐ γὰρ φατὸν215 οὐδὲ νοητόν216 ἔστιν ὅπως οὐκ ἔστι. 211 Adv. nom. of φατός. mid. part. 212 neut. holding together. of συνεχής. acc. act. forbid. . of αὐξάνω.. there. one alone. inf. one.P a g e | 23 ἕν. fut. fut. 215 neut. And not ever was and not ever shall be. sing. nom. 206 Adj. mid. nom. for what beginning shall you look for there? How was it to have grown? Not from not being I will not permit you to say or even think. 208 neut. spoken. one and the same. sing. 214 pres. nom. neut. 205 3rd sing. since now everything is the same. of νοητός. 213 1st sing. increase. descent. pass. 216 neut. ind. gen. 223 φῦν;224 οὕτως ἥ πάμπαν225 πελέναι226 χρεών ἐστιν ἥ οὐχί. nom. want. aor. grew? Thus. part. itself. gen. 219 3rd sing. as μή is the contrary of will and thought. ind. sing. last. altogether. nom. sing.P a g e | 24 for it is neither spoken nor thought and as such is not. Τί δ' ἄν μιν217 καὶ χρέος218 ὦρσεν219 [10] ὕστερον220 ἥ πρόσθεν. 218 neut. latter. or it is not at all. nom. all at once.. of πελομαι. form of οὐ. 223 neut. having been first. sing. make to grow. call forth. aor. neut. 220 Adj. 222 τοῦ μηδενὸς. to become. 227 Adv. contrary to fact. of ἄρχω. 225 Adv. of ὕστερος. act. from nothing and what need called it forth sooner rather than later. need.227 And what thing is itself. incite. acc. . act. from nothing. engender.. nothing. nom. 226 aor. inf. mid. Οὐδὲ ποτ' ἐκ μὴ ἐόντος228 ἐφήσει229 πίστιος230 ἰσχύς231 217 Pron.221 τοῦ μηδενὸς222 ἀρξάμενον. produce. 224 3rd pl. urge on. of μηδείς. before. of ὄρνυμι. 221 Adv. Att. earlier. to be first. wholly. neut. sooner. ind. beget. act. of φύω. either became all at once of urgent desire. aor. sing. of ἐφίημι. faith. strength. make an end of. and poët. distinguishing. 234 aor.. allow. neither allowed to give birth nor to destroy because Justice releases bonds not of it but holds.241 228 neut. pres. might. of εἰμί. because of. slacken.238 [15] ἀλλ' ἔχει· ἡ δὲ κρίσις239 περὶ τούτων ἐν τῷδ΄ ἔστιν· But never from not being will it send forth that which gives strength of truth that which was born through itself. mid. part. And the difference between these is in this: ἔστιν ἥ οὐκ ἔστιν· κέκριται240 δ' οὖν. trust. loosen. fetters.P a g e | 25 γίγνεσθαί232 τι παρ' αὐτό· τοῦ εἵνεκεν233 οὔτε γενέσθαι234 οὔτ' ὄλλυσθαι235 ἀνῆκε236 Δίκη χαλάσασα237 πέδῃσιν. 229 3rd sing. Ion. gen. inf. inf. let go. ὥσπερ ἀνάγκη. dual aor. loosen. pl. bodily strength. act. of ἰσχύς. 235 pres. sing. of χαλαω. nom. ind. destroy. act. sing. part. 239 fem. of ὄλλυμι. gen. fut. of γίγνομαι. ind. sing. for the sake of. mid./pass. bonds. 233 Prep. ἕνεκα. act. send. of ἀνίημι. of γίγνομαι. force. act. 231 fem. confidence. inf. separating. acc. 238 dat. aor. 232 pres. 237 fem. nom. 230 fem. on account of. 236 3rd sing. that which gives trust or confidence. mid. of πίστις. . pl. act. acc.244 οὐ γὰρ ἀληθής ἔστιν ὁδός. at any rate. opt. unheard of. according to necessity. of γίγνομαι. τὴν δ' ὥστε πέλειν245 καὶ ἐτήτυμον246 εἶναι. put asunder. 241 fem. pres. nameless. inf. pres. not thought on. of εἰμί. necessity. 244 neut. οὐδ' εἴ ποτε μέλλει252 ἔσεσθαι.258 240 3rd sing. ind. inf. come into existence. pass. of πέλω. sing. then. in that case. 243 neut. sing. nom.253 Τὼς254 γένεσις255 μὲν ἀπέσβεσται256 καὶ ἄπυστος257 ὄλεθρος. acc. of ἐάω. let. of ἀνόητος. 247 Adv. 251 3rd sing. acc. pres. opt. 249 neut. let be. to be 246 neut. be destined. 248 3rd sing. constraint. part. truthful. come into a new state of being. sing. real. part. mid. be. aor.P a g e | 26 τὴν μὲν ἐᾶν242 ἀνόητον243 ἀνώνυμον. act. perf. of μέλλω. 242 neut. true. separated. of γίγνομαι. of εἰμί. 250 3rd sing. 245 pres. acc. sing. act. of κρίνω. become. the one permitted being the nameless unheard of. separate. 252 3rd sing. . and being. aor. ind. for it is not a true path. distinguish. ind. of ἀνώνυμος. 253 fut. sing. sing. mid. Πῶς δ' ἂν ἔπειτα247 πέλοιτὸ248 ἐόν;249 πῶς δ' ἄν κε γένοιτο;250 [20] εἰ γὰρ ἔγεντ'. permit. nom. nom. and the other being to be and to be real. let alone. Is or is not. of ἐτήτυμος. of πέλω. thereupon. pass. mid. act. pres.251 οὐκ ἔστι.. there. opt. modal Particle used with Verbs to indicate that the action is limited by circumstances or defined by conditions. sing.271 254 Adv. . answering πῶς. comp. 257 masc... 263 Adv. is destined to it shall be. seeing that. of συνόχωκα. and if not. sing. of διαιρετός. sing. sing. of πᾶς. divided. quench.268 οὐδέ τι χειρότερον. shut up. pres. all. to be collapsed or enclosed. nom.269 πᾶν δ' ἔμπλεόν270 ἐστιν ἐόντος. 259 neut. after. nom. a death unheard. since. neut. ἐπεὶ260 πᾶν261 ἐστιν ὁμοῖον·262 οὐδέ τι τῇ263 μᾶλλον. of ἔργω. the whole. 265 ἄν. sing.. 264 Adv. 255 fem. of μάλα. 267 Pron. destruction. nom. neut. Οὐδὲ διαιρετόν259 ἐστιν.264 τό κεν265 εἴργοι266 μιν267 συνέχεσθαι. quite. rightly. when. ταύτῃ here. shut in.P a g e | 27 And how would a being thing be set in motion? And how would it come to be? For if it came to be itself. 258 masc. vanish. 262 neut. 260 Conj. extinguish. nom. ruin. nom. 266 3rd sing. 261 Adj. mid. 268 pres. is not. unheard of. like. itself. origin 256 ἀποσβέννυμι. death. acc. separated. generation.. act.. sing. Genesis died thus. die. exceedingly. very. sing. of ὅμοιος. nom. resembling. inf. approach.P a g e | 28 It is not even divided. sing. pres. of εἰμί. unceasing. part. 280 neut. sing. pres. pl. of εἰμί. part. since all is alike. of μέγας. dat. 278 neut. to fetter./acc. contiguous. large. of δεσμεύω. acc. act. sing. but yet. [25] Τῷ ξυνεχὲς272 πᾶν273 ἐστιν· ἐὸν274 γὰρ ἐόντι275 πελάζει. full of. sing. sing. nom.276 Αὐτὰρ277 ἀκίνητον278 μεγάλων279 ἐν πείρασι280 δεσμῶν281 ἔστιν ἄναρχον282 ἄπαυστον. without leader. motionless. conjoined. neut. 276 3rd sing. 273 neut. of ἄναρχος. 272 neut. limits. part. nom. 269 Ep. nom. moreover. of συνεχής. nom. act. act. still. draw near. 275 neut. pres. 282 neut. ind. put in chains. 279 Adj. sing. but everything is full of being. never-ending. pres. of εἰμί. sing. 281 neut. sing. sing.285 ἀπῶσε286 δὲ πίστις287 ἀληθής. nom. 270 neut. but. and not that which is empty. of ἄπαυστος. great. part.283 ἐπεὶ γένεσις καὶ ὄλεθρος τῆλε284 μάλ' ἐπλάχθησαν. 274 neut. gen. ends. of πεῖραρ. continuously. of πελάζω. nom. every. 271 neut. besides. pres. sing. act. 283 neut. 277 Partic. for χείρων. act. itself being enclosed. nom. of ἀκίνητος. and not something more here or there. dat. pl. however. of ἔμπλεος. nom. may not shut itself in. gen. .. forthwith. everything is contiguous. 285 3rd pl. τό μιν300 ἀμφὶς301 ἐέργει. of ἑαυτοῦ. act. sing. . pass. 293 Adv. identical. sing.. be placed. Ταὐτόν288 τ' ἐν ταὐτῷ289 τε μένον290 καθ' ἑαυτό291 τε κεῖται 292 [30] χοὔτως293 ἔμπεδον294 αὖθι295 μένει·296 κρατερὴ297 γὰρ Ἀνάγκη πείρατος298 ἐν δεσμοῖσιν299 ἔχει. since birth and death were far away thrown. wait. But of great things.302 284 Adv. ind. powerful. dat. continue. nom. 298 neut. pres. sing. itself. οὕτως.P a g e | 29 For it. neut. firmly standing. of πλάσσω. pres. 294 neut. sing. pres. 295 Adv. linger. 296 3rd sing. strong. of μένω. and never-ending. is leaderless. sing. part. straightway. there. 292 3rd sing. act. limits. sing. gen. the same. motionless is in ends fettered. nom. ind. of ταὐτός. nom. of κεῖμαι. aor. 290 neut. of ἀπωθέω. push. act. remain. far away. ind. remain. on the spot. but true faith pushed. 297 fem. trust. ind. lie.’ 289 Adj. for its own being to being draws near. sing. far. hurl. ends. of πίστις. pass. neut. of ἔμπεδος. 291 Adj. 288 τὸ + αὐτό = ‘the same thing. aor. 286 3rd sing. of Place. of Time. stay. of πεῖραρ. nom. of μένω. here. 287 fem. acc. mighty. fem. shut out or keep away from. fasten. itself. thought. for it is in need not. ind. bind. miss.. sing.. to fetter. / acc. and thus placed firmly stands. pres. neut. of δέω. nom. shut up.308 [35] Οὐ γὰρ ἄνευ309 τοῦ ἐόντος. pres.307 The same in the same and remaining itself throughout. 305 fem. nom. in the same place remaining. on both sides. sing. mid. neut.P a g e | 30 οὕνεκεν303 οὐκ ἀτελεύτητον304 τὸ ἐὸν θέμις305 εἶναι· ἔστι γὰρ οὐκ ἐπιδεές·306 μὴ ἐὸν δ' ἂν παντὸς ἐδεῖτο.. because. sing. pl. unfinished. acc. be in want of. ind. right. 301 Adv. οὕνεκα. of ἔργω. 307 3rd sing. on both sides. apart. subj. being is law. pres. unaccomplished. in two ways. but everything left lacking. of ἀτελεύτητος. to lack. 302 3rd sing. for in fettering bonds mighty Necessity holds is itself. nom. imperf. ἐπιδεής. act. 304 nom.. 303 Conj. stand in need of 308 neut. 300 Pron. ind. act. shut in. 3rd pl. shut in. 299 3rd sing. wherefore. act. in need of. put in chains. ἐν ᾧ310 πεφατισμένον311 ἐστιν. acc. law. wherefore unfinished is not. 306 Adj.. not being was. sing. sing. / pass. . Ταὐτὸν δ' ἐστὶ νοεῖν τε καὶ οὕνεκεν ἔστι νόημα. unfulfilled. of δεσμεύω. idea.. fut. aor. how much.325 εἶναί τε καὶ οὐχί. καὶ τόπον326 ἀλλάσσειν327 διά328 τε χρόα329 φανὸν ἀμείβειν. of φατίζω. 319 pres. of πείθω. leave out of the question. of οὖλος. outside. motionless. 320 3rd sing. 318 neut. destroy. alternate. of ἐπιδέω. think. dat. far from. this. of εἰμί. act. 316 3rd sing. put aside. as far as. sing.. away from. 322 3rd pl. act. pl. to say. of γίγνομαι 325 pres. except.P a g e | 31 εὑρήσεις312 τὸ νοεῖν·313 οὐδὲν γὰρ <ἥ> ἔστιν ἥ ἔσται314 ἄλλο πάρεξ315 τοῦ ἐόντος. take a new position. ἐπεὶ τό γε Μοῖρ' ἐπέδησεν316 οὖλον317 ἀκίνητόν318 τ' ἔμεναι·319 τῷ πάντ' ὄνομ' ἔσται. 312 2nd sing. prevail. sing. pass. aor. ind.320 ὅσσα321 βροτοὶ κατέθεντο322 πεποιθότες323 εἶναι ἀληθῆ. part. convince. . inf. sing. inf. perf. besides. persuade. of εἰμί. 313 pres. acc. nom. change. exchange. nom. of εἰμί. of ἀλλάσσω. pass inf. 327 pres. 321 Adv. region. find. before. mid. speak. make to believe. ind. pass. that. fut.. 326 masc. sing. in so far as. ind. of ὅς. ind. acc. whole. fut. report. mid. to bind. complete. of ὄλλυμι. act. mid. inf. part. of ἀκίνητος. of νοέω. of εὑρίσκω. + gen. perf.330 309 Prep. place. 310 neut. except. 317 neut. inf. 314 3rd sing. acc. 323 masc. without. ind. act. act. + gen. 324 pres. 315 Prep. 311 neut. how far. act. of τόπος. exclusive of. of κατατίθημι. entire. perf. [40] γίγνεσθαί324 τε καὶ ὄλλυσθαι. sing. you will find. on account of. is to think it. having convinced it to be truth.. . through. yet. pierce through. because it is thought. mid. sing. change. or shall be. being spoken. acc. from every side. 334 neut. bring to an end. since Fate bound it and the whole thing motionless to be. part. of χρώς. act. inf. 335 Adv. to be and to be not. act. 329 masc.P a g e | 32 And same it is to think. pierce. of πείρω. for none either is. gen. well-rounded. aor. to it is every name. 336 fem. of σφαῖρα. in so far as men leave it out of the question. utmost. in that. sing. For it is not without being.335 εὐκύκλου336 σφαίρης337 ἐναλίγκιον338 ὄγκῳ. / pass. perf. sing. Αὐτὰρ331 ἐπεὶ πεῖρας332 πύματον. transfix. acc. body. determine. of ἀμείβω. between. 333 neut. being born and being destroyed. 332 2nd sing. 337 fem. 331 Part. ind. another thing.333 τετελεσμένον334 ἐστί πάντοθεν. and through bodies light to be exchanged. skin. however. of πύματος. sing. and to change place. acc. exchange.339 328 Prep. of τελέω. sing. 330 pres. sphere. gen. except from being. of εὔκυκλος. ball globe. but. last. neut. neut. of βαιός. little. necessity. nor that which is smaller. stop. of ἐναλίγκιος. reach. form the center.348 οὔτ' ἐὸν ἔστιν ὅπως349 εἴη350 κεν ἐόντος 338 Adj. for it is neither that which is greater. 343 Adj.P a g e | 33 μεσσόθεν340 ἰσοπαλὲς341 πάντῃ· τὸ γὰρ οὔτε τι μεῖζον342 [45] οὔτε τι βαιότερον343 πελέναι344 χρεόν345 ἐστι τῇ ἥ τῇ. 339 masc. 344 πελω 345 χρεών. 346 3rd sing. . equal in every way from the center. cease. dat. equal. opt. set by fate in motion. a well rounded sphere. small. Ion. sing. like resembling. mid. great. 341 Adj. fem. size. sing. pres. like a mass. comp. Οὔτε γὰρ οὐκ ἐὸν ἔστι. comp. sing. nom. come to. large. well-matched. nom. χρεόν. cause to cease. 347 pres. of παύω. for this or that. of μέγας. 340 Adv. from the middle. But since you through the utmost pierced. equal in the struggle.. of ἱκνέομαι. neut. nom. fate. of ὄγκος. sing. pass. bulk. inf. few. act. mass. that which must be. τό κεν παύοι346 μιν ἱκνεῖσθαι347 εἰς ὁμόν. it has been from every side to an end. arrive at. nom. 342 Adj. 350 3rd sing. 362 Prep. of εἰμί. nor is being as it might be. both<and. 356 neut. of κῦρος. ὁμῶς355 ἐν πείρασι356 κύρει. weaker. supreme power. from every side. alike. of ἥσσων. comp. and. 349 Conj. sing. comp. 357 neut. design. ind. 359 1st sing. of μάλα. like. together. resolve. 355 Adv. common. pres.. thought. concerning. . as. mind.. sing. neut. understanding. ends.352 ἐπεὶ πᾶν ἐστιν ἄσυλον·353 οἷ γὰρ πάντοθεν354 ἶσον. 352 Adj. of παύω. of ἄσυλος. cause to cease. nom.357 For not is not being. 351 Adv. 354 Adv.. opt. dat. of πεῖραρ. act. neut. inferior. limits. sing. it would itself stop. 358 Pron. to reach itself one likeness. acc. [50] Ἐν τῷ σοι358 παύω359 πιστὸν λόγον ἠδὲ360 νόημα361 ἀμφὶς362 ἀληθείης·363 δόξας364 δ' ἀπὸ τοῦδε365 βροτείας366 348 Adj. + gen. sing. a purpose. nom. for they. act. pres. inviolate. ὁμός. that which is thought. 361 neut. authority. likewise. dat. 353 Adj. since everything is safe from violence. on every side. in such manner as. equally as. dat pl. of σύ. just as. being the more and the less. a thought. very. the same equally in limits to power. stop. 360 Conj. safe from violence.P a g e | 34 τῇ μᾶλλον351 τῇ δ' ἧσσον. cease. of ἀπατηλός. that which is uttered in words.’ . 374 3rd pl. of βρότειος. pl. human. producing illusion. Lat. act. 366 fem. judgment. of ἀλήθεια. of ἐμός. opinion. one. word. acc. thought. opinion 375 376 pres. / acc. gen. 365 neut. acc. neut. pl. name. 377 Adj. sing. pl. tale. learn. of μανθάνω. form. of εἷς. words. producing illusion. mortal. sing. part. this. pl. pres. nom. of ἀκούω. token. ind. specify. gen. fem. aor. a means of knowing. order. forma. of mortal mould. 378 ‘it is necessary. act. 371 Adj. notion. gen. acc. gen. and thoughts about truth. of κατατίθημι. sing.. organ by which one perceives or knows. act. pres. 368 masc. and from this learn men’s opinions. or fem. inf. hear. speech. or fem. arrangement. come to know. call. 372 masc. of δόξα. 373 fem. 370 neut. imper. a mark. 369 Adj. judgement.372 With that I end my faithful purpose. hearing the order of my words. 364 fem. of γνώμη. of κόσμος. gen. pl. neut. Μορφὰς373 γὰρ κατέθεντο374 δύο γνώμας375 ὀνομάζειν·376 τῶν μίαν377 οὐ χρεών378 ἐστιν—ἐν ᾧ379 πεπλανημένοι380 εἰσίν— 363 fem. sing. of ἔπος. 367 2nd sing. my. acc. utterance. acc. acc. pl. of ὅδε. of μορφή. mid. fem. shape. sing. of ὀνομάζω.P a g e | 35 μάνθανε367 κόσμον368 ἐμῶν369 ἐπέων370 ἀπατηλὸν371 ἀκούων. sing. nom. mine. sing. appearance. sing. gen. intelligence. τῷ δ' ἑτέρῳ μὴ τωὐτόν· ἀτὰρ κἀκεῖνο392 κατ' αὐτό τἀντία νύκτ' ἀδαῆ. judge. nom. sing. sing. acc. over against. of ἐκεῖνος. acc. mid.. opposite. acc. heavy. nom. face to face. of them. to make to wander. choose. pl.386 τῇ μὲν φλογὸς387 αἰθέριον πῦρ.P a g e | 36 [55] τἀντία381 δ' ἐκρίναντο382 δέμας383 καὶ σήματ'384 ἔθεντο385 χωρὶς ἀπ' ἀλλήλων. in neut. of ὅς. mid. pick out. 3rd pl. masc. perf. / neut. of φλόξ. place. ignorant. sing.. or neut. aor. / acc. 382 383 neut. masc. sing. pl. one is not necessary—that in which wandering about is— 379 neut. 380 3rd nom. 394 ἐμβριθής. against. sing. easy. pl. 384 neut. sing or neut. of ἤπιος. distinguish. / acc. of ἀλλήλων. μέγ' ἐλαφρόν. ἤπιον388 ὄν. sign. 388 Adj. of δέμας. masc./fem. gen. gen. nom. ἀντίος. sing. . / acc. flame. blaze. estimate. mild. of ἐλαφρός. adjudge. / acc. or neut. of πλανάω. sing. masc. bodily frame. 385 3rd pl./pass. light in weight.. expound.. of τίθημι. put. mutually. ind. gen. of ἑαυτοῦ. nom. each other. decide. give judgment.. on every side. For two forms of ways to name were lain down. mid. 390 Adj. 391 Adv. part. 392 neut. lead wandering about 381 Adj. sing.. light to bear. one another. as Adv. 387 masc. 389 Adj./neut. unknowing how to. dat. sing. of κρίνω. ind. aor. 393 ἀδαής. in every direction. interpret. mark. put asunder. 386 Adj. dat. separate. token.393 πυκινὸν δέμας ἐμβριθές394 τε. of σῆμα.389 ἑωυτῷ390 πάντοσε391 τωὐτόν. weighty. resemble. not the same. for ἀτάρ. [60] Τόν σοι ἐγὼ διάκοσμον395 ἐοικότα396 πάντα φατίζω. 397 1st sing. betroth. IX. however. mid. or division. perf. but there. of φατίζω. will overcome the opinions of men. at some time. the gentle flaming ethereal fire being. sing. Αὐτὰρ399 ἐπειδὴ πάντα φάος καὶ νὺξ ὀνόμασται400 καὶ τὰ κατὰ σφετέρας401 δυνάμεις402 ἐπὶ τοῖσί τε καὶ τοῖς. the being of ignorant night. be analogous to. to say. ind. report. Ep. act. act. for itself is the same in every direction. speak. 398 2nd sing.397 ὡς οὐ μή ποτέ τίς σε βροτῶν γνώμη παρελάσσῃ. but. be surpassed. sing. fut. part. but yet.398 I should tell you. nom. . subj. but to the other the opposite. acc. call by name. on the one hand. battle-order. acc. act. / acc. promise. arrangement. or masc. of διάκοσμος. be like.P a g e | 37 and face to face distinguished bodies and signs were placed apart from one another. perf. part. of ἔοικα. and a thick heavy body. 399 Conj. name. 396 neut. engage. to itself. the division of everything has been the like. a mighty weight. 395 masc. pl. how you. of παρελαύνω. 400 ὀνομαίνω. pres. of αἰθέριος. of αἰθήρ. dat. X. 411 neut. acc. mark. gen. make to grow. . brought to light. token. power. sing. of σῆμα. pl. 406 ἄφαντος. high in air. physically clean. Ether. full. of καθαρός. pl. at once everything is filled with light and invisible night. 413 neut. gen. pure. 404 neut.. light.P a g e | 38 πᾶν πλέον403 ἐστὶν ὁμοῦ φάεος404 καὶ νυκτὸς405 ἀφάντου406 ἴσων ἀμφοτέρων. secret. 403 Adj. of πλέος. clean. α privat. unlooked for. thine. their. pl. sing.. fair. equal. act. of φαίνομαι. ον. clear. strength. everything is named light and night. or upper air. aether. produce. pl. sky. pl. on high.’ 408 masc. holy. gen. engender. sing. sing. clear. 409 ἔισος. obscure. night. acc. genuine. their own. distinct. spotless. neut. invisible. sing. of φύω. of νύξ. Εἴσῃ409 δ' αἰθερίαν410 τε φύσιν411 τά τ' ἐν αἰθέρι412 πάντα σήματα413 καὶ καθαρᾶς414 εὐαγέος415 ἠελίοιο416 401 fem. acc. 410 fem. 412 masc. neither of the two. part. aor. pure. fem. of δύναμις. 402 fem. of οὐδέτερος. dat. forgotten. since neither is next to not one. of ἴσος ἀμφότερος = ‘of both alike. like. acc.407 ἐπεὶ οὐδετέρῳ408 μέτα μηδέν. 415 εὐαγής. of φάος. gen. nom. to both equal. alike. beget. sign. sing. Since. dat. 407 fem. of σφέτερος. 414 Adj. 405 fem. pl. / neut. however. of ἥλιος. of πεδάω. on both sides. in two ways. fut. moon.. pres. thence. 417 fem. 432 neut.. nom. pres. mid. ind. pl. apart.. necessity. any matter of religious awe. ind. 426 fem. sing.420 ἔργα421 τε κύκλωπος422 πεύσῃ423 περίφοιτα424 σελήνης425 [5] καὶ φύσιν. inquire about. ind. aor. 430 Adv. 419 Adv. acc. pl. sing. sing. bind with fetters. ind. of σελήνη. 423 2nd sing. learn. 3rd sing. pierce. knowledge. 421 neut. aor. learn something from a person. of οὐρανός. acc. neut. 422 κύκλωψ. of φύω. act. heaven. sing. aor. acc. produce. sing. the Sun. sing. transfix. of πυνθάνομαι. of εἴδησις. acc. or masc. thing. 431 3rd sing. sing. acc. torch. act. hold. of ἐκγίγνομαι. περί + φοιτάω. of λαμπάς. want or lack of a number. / acc. gen.437 416 masc. have. of πείρω. 425 fem. mid. 420 3rd pl. of ἐπιδέω. ind. 3rd sing. gen. destroying. 424 περίφοιτος. bind. act. work. make to grow. destructive. of ἔχω. deed. part. 429 neut. of ἔργον. acc. . Cyclops. fasten on. mid. act. 428 Adv. gen. 435 3rd sing. ind. pl. 433 434 fem. want. pl. nom. spring from. of ἀίδηλος. gen. part. aor. act. 418 Adj. round eye. εἰδήσεις426 δὲ καὶ οὐρανὸν427 ἀμφὶς428 ἔχοντα429 ἔνθεν430 ἔφυ431 τε καὶ ὥς μιν ἄγους΄432 ἐπέδησεν433 Ἀνάγκη434 πείρατ'435 ἔχειν436 ἄστρων. aor. whence.P a g e | 39 λαμπάδος417 ἔργ' ἀίδηλα418 καὶ ὁππόθεν419 ἐξεγένοντο. 427 masc. be in need of.. wandering about. of ἄγος. move. heavenly. inf. 440 neut. 3rd pl. Olympus 443 Adj. 437 neut. pass. gen. in the sky. nom. 442 Mt. extremest. ind. of ἔχω.’ 441 οὐράνιος. and you will see both sides holding heaven. 444 neut. of θερμός. constellation. 438 γαῖα καὶ ἥλιος ἠδὲ σελήνη = ‘Earth and Sun and Moon.’ 439 masc. 447 pres. / acc. nom. ind. and the burning might of stars set in motion arose. XI. dwelling in heaven. of γάλα. 436 pres. πῶς γαῖα καὶ ἥλιος ἠδὲ σελήνη438 αἰθήρ τε ξυνὸς439 γάλα440 τ' οὐράνιον441 καὶ ὄλυμπος442 ἔσχατος443 ἠδ' ἄστρων444 θερμὸν445 μένος ὡρμήθησαν446 γίγνεσθαι. set in motion. gen. milk. and the pure and holy things of the torch of Sun and whence destructive things arise.P a g e | 40 And you alike shall learn both the origins of the heavens and. lie at anchor. pl. pass. remotest. have. sing. act. / pass.. and the things of the round faced wandering Moon and their origins.. nom. whence they grew and how necessity with awesome stars transfixed those who attempt. sing. Milky Way and Olympus most remote. pl. / acc. impel. common. of ἄστρον. of ἄστρον. aor.447 How Earth and Sun and Moon and common Sky. 445 neut. mid. hot. furthest. masc. to be moored. of ὁρμάω. ‘the milky way. of ὁρμέω. of γίγνομαι. sing. inf. last. a constellation. aor. hold. all the signs. sing. . 446 3rd pl. nom. act. begin. of μέσος. ind. gen. masc. sing. ind. acc. 465 Adj. 450 451 masc. mix. dismiss. send. of κυβερνάω. let go. 462 neut. of στυγερός. abominable. in the middle of. of ἄρσην. personified as the good or evil genius. hated. 458 masc. or mingling. sing. opt. of πίμπλημι. neut. sing. mid. sing. male thing. nom. aor. 461 πέμπω. steer. bringing forth. / neut. dat. blaze. sing. mid. of ἵημ. offspring. sing. inf. fill. young. 457 Adj. pres. ind. Αἱ γὰρ στεινότεραι448 πλῆντο449 πυρὸς ἀκρήτοιο. sing. flame. of φλόξ. one’s lot or fortune or fate./pass.. delivery. make full. the power controlling the destiny of individuals: hence. 460 3rd sing. μετὰ δὲ φλογὸς451 ἵεται452 αἶσα·453 ἐν δὲ μέσῳ454 τούτων δαίμων455 ἣ πάντα κυβερνᾷ·456 πάντα γὰρ <ἣ> στυγεροῖο457 τόκου458 καὶ μίξιος459 ἄρχει460 [5]πέμπουσ'461 ἄρσενι462 θῆλυ463 μιγῆν464 τό τ' ἐναντίον465 αὖτις466 448 449 3rd pl. 463 Adj. . neut. 454 Adj. acc. female. divine power. 459 <ἣ><μῖξις. masc. pre. masc. dat./fem. μείγνυμαι. the mixing. hateful. act. pres. opposite.P a g e | 41 XII. of ἄρχω.450 αἱ δ' ἐπὶ ταῖς νυκτός. 455 456 3rd sing. gen. of ἐναντίος. of τόκος. divinity. gen. 464 dual pres. 453 Αἶσα = Destiny. of θῆλυς. 452 3rd sing. sing. and among the fire destiny is sent forth. for everywhere the mingling begins of hated offspring sends both a female thing to mix with male things. roam. wander. and in the midst of this Destiny everywhere steers. . XIII. Πρώτιστον469 μὲν Ἔρωτα470 θεῶν μητίσατο471 πάντων. erotic love. Νυκτιφαὲς472 περὶ γαῖαν ἀλώμενον473 ἀλλότριον474 φῶς. sing. 468 fem. first of all.468 For the more narrow circles were filled with pure fire and those around them with night. pass. or thing.P a g e | 42 ἄρσεν467 θηλυτέρῳ. pres. 472 νυκτι + φάος = ‘evening light. contrive. acc. of μητίομαι. of ἄρσην. foremost. sing.’ 473 neut. masc. sing. male. sing. of πρώτιστος. acc. part. a male thing to mix with a female thing. rove. perpetrate. dat. of ἔρως. 470 masc. devise. back again. First of all Gods created was erotic Love. of ἀλάομαι. of θηλυς. moreover. XIV. mid. the female sex.475 466 Adv. acc. ind. nom. 467 neut. 471 3rd sing. and again the opposite thing. back. sing. 469 Adj. aor. again. of ὑδωρ + ὁρίζω = ‘boundary of water. 484 Adj. the Sun. XVI. nom. part. unrewarded. acc. act. XVA. of παπταίνω. sing. a mixing. of αὐγή. foreign. pl. of εἶπον. of ἥλιος. always. offer.’ 481 aor. look cautiously or timidly. strange. beam. compounding.P a g e | 43 A strange evening light roams the Earth over. αἰεὶ476 παπταίνουσα477 πρὸς αὐγὰς478 ἠελίοιο. blending. far-roving. 483 masc. sing. ὑδατόριζον480 εἶπειν481 τὴν γῆν A boundary to water to the Earth promised. ever. XV. of ἀεί. idle.479 Forever casting a timid glance at the glow of the Sun. 476 Adv. 477 fem. masc. gleam. much wandering. 480 ὑδατος gen.484 τὼς485 νόος486 ἀνθρώποισι487 παρίσταται·488 τὸ γὰρ αὐτό 474 Adj. light. sing. fruitless. gen. of μέλεος. of φάος. of ἀλλότριος. nom. . pl. 478 fem. 475 neut. nom. pl. inf. of κρᾶσις. Ὡς γὰρ ἕκαστος ἔχει κρᾶσιν482 μελέων483 πολυπλάγκτων. neut. say. of or belonging to another. 482 fem. of πολύπλαγκτος. acc. sing. gen. promise. pres. act. 479 masc. eternity. speak. gen. glow. dat. of νόημα. to have certain thoughts for or towards./pass. dat. character. prudent. thus 486 masc. 497 . dat. understanding. pl. live. of of μέλεος. nom.496 So that each has a mix of fruitless wandering for them to men the mind is thus disposed. 491 fem. pres. fruitless. dat. have living thoughts. pl. property. idle. 496 neut. come and stand by. comprehend. cause to stand. 485 Adv. thought. pres. gen. pl. 494 Adj. masc.. for it is all perception. 495 neut. nature. 492 masc. that which is perceived. quality. sing. be near at hand. for the same is the very one who is wise of the fruitless character of men both to each and every one. λαιοῖσι498 δὲ κούρας. of ἄνθρωπος. of φρονέω. 487 masc. nom. ind. or fem. acc. unrewarded. sing. nom. of παρίστημι. full. of ἄνθρωπος. pl. masc. δεξιτεροῖσιν497 μὲν κούρους. ind. act. 488 3rd sing. sing. sing. perception. place beside. bring to one’s side. dispose for one’s own views or purposes. pl. stand beside or near. sing. 493 Adj. 3rd sing. every. of πλέος. bring over by force.P a g e | 44 ἔστιν ὅπερ φρονέει489 μελέων490 φύσις491 ἀνθρώποισιν492 καὶ πᾶσιν493 καὶ παντί·494 τὸ γὰρ πλέον495 ἐστὶ νόημα. of πᾶς. come to the side of another. have understanding. bring to terms. XVII. nom. mid. 489 490 fem. be wise. of πᾶς. commingle. to mix. vigor.502 venis503 informans504 diverso ex sanguine virtus505 temperiem506 servans507 bene condita508 corpora fingit. to make safe. nom. 510 fem. ind. attractiveness. keep. off-spring. sing. acc. of Venus. 511 neut. 506 fem. sing. of misceo. manliness. pl. engage. loveliness.. pres. rescue. act. of temperies. act. mix thoroughly. of vena. a due mingling. intermingle. sing. abl. deliver. of servo. dirae517 498 499 Adv. Femina virque simul499 Veneris500 cum germina501 miscent. proper mixture. of virtus./acc. nom. 513 3rd pl. contend. of condo. elegance. vein 504 505 fem. of permisceo. to fight./abl. sing.509 nam si virtutes510 permixto511 semine512 pugnent513 nec faciant514 unam515 permixto516 in corpore. sing. sing. of pugno. 500 fem. excellence. preserve. act. bud. at once. or fem. bravery. to mix together. strength. charm. a sprig. abl. of fingo. combat. make by joining. and girls on the left XVIII. act. handle. found. 512 neut. courage. of germen. blend. sprout. pres. settle. grace. pl. part. blood vessel. masc. offshoot. build. simultaneously. ind. save. abl.P a g e | 45 Boys on the right. tempering. intermingle. nom. guard. nom. nom. pass. give battle. pres. protect. together. acc. perf. to touch. keep unharmed. 503 fem. 509 3rd sing. . establish. Goddess of Love. temper. part. subj. temperature. mingle. 501 neut. sing. pres. manhood. 502 3rd pl. 507 508 neut. to put together. gen. seed. at the same time. pl. beauty. pl. of semen. of sexus. produce. to mix together. build. sing. now.. to make. act.P a g e | 46 nascentem518 gemino vexabunt519 semine520 sexum. of facio. boding. now if the virtues have been mixed with seed in one body contend. fem. part. acc. proceed. of εἰμί. nom. suppose. perf.omened. mix thoroughly. produce. of φύω. act. or masc. be produced. pass. sing. ill . 515 Adj. sing. pl. sing. fashion. act. erect. pl. of Dirae. act.521 At once women and men out of love with off-spring mix from veins diverse forms from diverse blood tempers virtue. XIX. dread. portentous. 521 masc. subj. 517 fem. 516 neut. make to grow. making safe a well founded body. sing. opine. 525 3rd pl. of semen. pres. 522 neut. gen. nom. construct. abl. Οὕτω τοι κατὰ δόξαν522 ἔφυ523 τάδε καί νυν524 ἔασι525 καὶ μετέπειτ'526 ἀπὸ τοῦδε τελευτήσουσι527 τραφέντα·528 514 3rd pl. to be born. of nascor. pres. act. seed. commingle. 518 masc. compose. 526 . acc. ind. dat. of δοκέω./abl. frame. one. imagine. / acc. awful. of unus. of dirus. part. ominous. they shall be vexed by dreadful off-spring by the seed of the sex. ind. 519 520 neut. of permisceo. think. pres. the Furies. intermingle. fearful. begin life. part. sex. aor. aor. sing. 523 3rd sing. 524 Adv. be begotten. or Adj. educate. curdle. each one. nom. pl./neut. support. rear. 530 531 neut. aor. name. aor. of ἐπίσημον. any distinguishing mark. maintain. sing. each. sing. this was made and now is And afterwards from this achieves completion And to these men gave names to distinguish each one 527 neut. a device 532 Adj. of slaves. or masc. sing. put an end to. put off. dogs and the like. masc. put. of κατατίθημι./acc. lay down from oneself.P a g e | 47 τοῖς δ' ὄνομ'529 ἄνθρωποι κατέθεντ'530 ἐπίσημον531 ἑκάστῳ. part. aor. sing. . according to your opinion. cattle. of τρέφω. put down. 3rd pl. / acc. settle. nom. mid.532 So. make big. offer as a prize. dat. lay aside. ind. bring up. / acc. rear and keep. pass. thicken or congeal a liquid. acc. 528 529 neut. nom. pass. of ὄνομα. part. of ἕκαστος. Crane. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press: 1984.P a g e | 48 OPERAS CITATAS Liddell. Cambridge. On Nature.perseus.htm Perseus Digital Library Project. Ed. URL: http://www. An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon. Herbert Weir.free. revised by Gordon M. Henry George and Robert Scott.edu Smyth. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Parmenides. .fr/parmenides. Greek Grammar. MA: 2007. Gregory R. Diels Hermann Alexander with English translation by John Burnet (1892): Philoctetes: http://philoctetes.tufts. Lessing. Tufts University: Somerville.