POLYMER ADDITIVESOleon is the leading company in the production of oleochemicals in Europe. The concept we have chosen combines technical performance and environmental compatibility: our products meet the most stringent market requirements, and the renewable property of our raw materials, vegetable oils and animal fats provides a response to the latest environmental legislations. Trends today show that this concept meets the future needs of our society. ST Po l IN ym er D Ad U di tiv es R IA L trade name products Radia® 1 - esters glycerine fatty acids fatty alcohols dimer acids technical oils biodiesel specialty oleochemicals raw materials - vegetable oils (palm, rapeseed, soy, sunflower, coconut, etc.) - animal-based fats All our raw materials are non-toxic and biodegradable Oleon Ertvelde, Belgium (also head office) Glycerine, fatty acids & alcohols production, biodiesel, R&D Oleon production sites Oleon Oelegem, Belgium Fatty esters production, dimer acids, R&D Oleon Emmerich, Germany Specialty fatty acids production, ketones, technical oils, vitamins, R&D Oleon Sandefjord, Norway Fatty esters production safety quality environment Oleon pledges to conduct its activities and products in a manner that safeguards the environment, and the health and safety of its personnel, local communities, consumers and the general public. To ensure safety and environmental control, the production is ISO 14001 certified. An Internal Safety Management System based on the principles of ISRS and OHSAS 18001.3 ensures the health and safety of its personnel and the surrounding public. To guarantee the quality and consistency of Oleon products and services, the quality assurance system ISO 9001 is implemented and certified throughout the whole organization. Information contained in this publication is true and accurate to the best of our knowledge. The nominal values stated herein are obtained using laboratory test specimens. Oleon and its affiliated companies do not accept any liability whatsoever arising from the use of this information or the use, application or processing of any product described herein. No information contained in this publication can be considered as a suggestion to infringe patents. The Company disclaims any liability that may be claimed for infringement or alleged infringement of patents. Table of contents 3 6 10 14 18 22 26 30 34 36 General information Radia® polymer additives Lubricants and mold release agents Antistatics Antifogging Plasticizers and viscosity regulators Pigment dispersion Radia® oleochemical additives for the processing of rubber Radiasurf® emulsifiers Polyol esters Germany (in production since 1908). Radiacid® fatty acids are derived from animal fats and oils such as beef tallow and from vegetable oils such as soybean oil.oleochemicals General Information Radia ® 3 Oleochemicals are derived from a naturally renewable resource: natural fats and oils. In recent years Oleon Research has developed many new environmentally friendly oleochemicals. The production of Radia® oleochemicals is an integrated operation from fatty acids. Oleochemistry uses the biodegradable. etc. fatty or waxy substances. natural fats and oils: they are non-toxic. technical oils and vitamins. the leader on the European oleochemical scene. base oils for biodegradable lubricants. Almost all fatty esters display the inherent advantages of their raw materials. non-toxic and non-irritant viscous liquid with a plasticizing and lubricating activity. such as a biodegradable drilling mud fluid. . Belgium (which went into production in 1958). supplying chemical reactivity. and it contains three free hydroxyl groups. glycerine and fatty acids. hydrogenated triglycerides and glycerine with other acids and alcohols leads to a wide range of oily. Radiacid® fatty acids are produced by Oleon in its plant at Ertvelde near Ghent. governments and industry are increasingly aware of the combination of efficiency and environmental compatibility offered by oleochemicals. markets a wide range of fatty acids. Oleochemistry splits these raw materials to obtain their constituents. palm oil. rapeseed oil. each with its own specific physical and chemical properties. specialty and performance chemicals. Today. along with ketones. Over the years these plants have grown to their present status: not only one of the biggest but also one of the most modern and efficient oleochemical plants worldwide. non-toxic and non-irritant properties of natural fats and oils to produce a wide range of chemicals. non-irritating and biodegradable. deinking chemicals and non-VOC solvents. fatty alcohols. and its Kosher plant in Emmerich. fatty esters The performance-directed esterification or transesterification of our own fatty acids. fatty alcohols. In Ertvelde fatty acids. In the Emmerich plant the production of specialty fatty acids takes place. coconut and palm kernel oils. a lubricant for water-based drilling muds. fatty acids Oleon. Traditionally. natural fatty alcohols and glycerine to oleochemical derivatives. most end uses of oleochemicals have resulted from their lack of toxicity and from the low skin and eye irritation displayed by the hydrocarbon chains present in natural fatty materials. natural glycerine The applications of natural glycerine are based on a unique combination of properties: it is a tasteless and odorless hygroscopic. glycerine and hydrogenated triglycerides are produced. So are the combinations of functions they can perform. and then recombines them with other molecules or with each other. The number of possible fatty esters is virtually unlimited. The harmlessness of oleochemicals ensures that they are extremely well suitable for each step of the manufacture of plastics that comes into contact with food. The use of relatively small quantities of these additives improve the processability of the polymer as well as the performance of the end product. demands of the customer can be translated into an ester that yields the required performance. There are several applications of oleochemicals in plastics. .g. The development and use of a wide variety of additives contributed to this. By changing the following characteristics a wide variety of specifications of the end product can be attained: · · · · · Alcohol type (monoalcohol. Plasticizers change the “brittleness” of a polymer. Antistatic agents avoid the building up of electric charges. Chain length Saturation Degree of esterification Oleochemistry is a tailor-made chemistry. Typical applications for fatty esters are: · · · · Lubricants (both internal and external) reduce friction in process equipments. pentaerythritol. The demand for plastic products increases constantly.FATTY ACIDS AND FATTY ESTERS: PERFORMANCE ADDITIVES FOR YOUR POLYMER APPLICATIONS The past century has witnessed polymers progress from a laboratory curiosity to large volume applications. stearic acid etc. ethylhexanol. polyol) e. etc. oleic acid. polarity or surface tension. For example they can be made with a will defined melting point. Radia® and Radiasurf® esters can be “engineered” to meet the most diverse application requirements.g. butanol. Fatty acid e. Antifogging agents prevent formation of water droplets in film applications. Oleon encourages its customers and potential customers of Radia® oleochemicals to give proper regard to human health and environmental quality. biodegradable and environmentally friendly in general. The composition of these fatty acids is either the natural composition of the triglycerides or a technical cut. 15°C above cloud point or melting point. If a product is required that is not currently available. The presence of GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms) is linked to the use of fatty acids of soybean or corn. These fatty acids are not used in the range presented here. (Wassergefährdungsklasse) of all fatty esters in this brochure is between 0 and 1. Flakes or powder: 25 kg net bags on 1000 kg pallets or in 500 kg net “big bags”.G. non-irritating. as liquids at min.SAFE FOR HUMANKIND AND FOR THE ENVIRONMENT (The environment and humankind: Oleon takes care of everything) All fatty esters presented in this brochure display the inherent advantages of their feedstock. Bulk. For some grades a pure fatty acid is required. . our sales organization will inform you and reach an agreement that takes the minimum batch size of the relevant esterification unit into account. Liquids: 175 kg net drums or containers of ca. The W. Material Safety. STANDARD AVAILABILITY & PACKAGING Given the wide range of esters and our policy of continuous development. 1000 liters. it is almost impossible to guarantee the availability in stock of all esters at all times. natural fats and oils: non-toxic. neutral Weeks White oil VEGETABLE OR ANIMAL ORIGIN The fatty acids that are used to produce these fatty esters are vegetable or animal fats and oils (triglycerides). The origin of the beef tallow and the production process used guarantee that our final products satisfy the European BSE-legislation. Hygiene and Environmental data sheets are available on request for all products.K. Table A / 100 5 % Biodegradability (cecl 33-a-93) 80 60 40 20 0 1 2 3 Rapeseed oil Radia® Mineral oil. 2800. $176.300.1200.150.27.210. $175.105. $176. $181. $177.1210.105.828.811.340 $175.3400. $176.145. $139. $175.320.153.3520.170.140.200.320. $184. $178.170.Radia PolymeR addiTives ® Table 1 / polymer additives TRADE NAME ORIGIN TYPE RL 2002/72/EG (version 27. $139.140.170. $175.3400 $173. $175. $178. $176.110.300. $173. $178. $181. $176.180.105.2800.170.2420.1001.27. 175. $139.180. $172. $177.842.210.340.210.210. $177.300. $176.200.3400.310.1328 veg glycerol monostearate SE glycerol monostearate (90%) $175.105. $176.117.960. $175. $176.515. $139. $176. $177. $175. $175. $175.320.2800.300.838.3400 $175.1001.27. $175.300.2008) Selected FDA status CFR 21 Radiamuls 2130 Radiamuls 2134 Radiamuls 2150 Radiamuls 2155 Radiamuls 2248 Radiamuls 2345 Radiasurf 2900 Radiasurf 2902 Radia 3059 Radia 3200 Radia 7051 Radiasurf 7125 Radia 7127 Radia 7131 Radiasurf 7137 Radiasurf 7140 Radiasurf 7145 Radiasurf 7146 Radiasurf 7147 Radiasurf 7150 Radiasurf 7155 Radiasurf 7157 Radiasurf 7162 Radia 7171 Radia 7174 Radia 7175 Radia 7176 Radia 7241 Radia 7331 Radiasurf 7345 Radiasurf 7357 Radiasurf 7403 Radiasurf 7423 Radia 7500 Radia 7501 Radia 7505 Radia 7513 Radiasurf 7600 Radiasurf 7641 Radiasurf 7901 Radiasurf 7909 veg veg veg veg veg veg veg veg veg veg veg veg acetylated monoglyceride acetylated monoglyceride glycerol mono-oleate sorbitan mono-oleate polyglycerol monostearate sorbitan tristearate glycerol monostearate (90%) glycerol mono-oleate (90%) glycerol tristearate glycerol tri-12hydroxystearate butyl stearate sorbitan mono laurate 2-ethylhexyl laurate 2-ethylhexyl stearate sorbitan mono laurate (20EO) glycerol mono-stearate (40%) 30401 30401 30610 87680 30960 88240 30610 30610 $172.210. $175. $177.22. $177.27. $177.1323 $175.105.1323 $175.170. $176.300.300. $175. $163.300.340.2010 $175.840.210. $173. $175. $175.210. $181. $178. $177.22.210 veg penta-erythritol tetrastearate isobutyl stearate 2-ethylhexyl oleate sorbitan tristearate sorbitan tri-oleate (20EO) PEG 400 mono-oleate PEG 400 mon.165. $172.160. $163. $139. $184. $177.75.115.03. $175. $175. $178. $181. $184.320.laurate cetyl palmitate stearyl stearate distearyl phtalate isotridecylstearate glycerol monostearate (60%) 30610 30610 30610 30401 88240 79360 77702 77702 $175.300.130.123.105. $176.210. $176.1200.1210. $139.105.75. $177.230 $175.1200. $176. $177.2440. $139.320.150.22.300.2800.2010 $175. $177. $181. $181.2800 $184.3910 (b) $172.300. $178.1001.3400 $178. $176.3400 $172. $139.854 $175.340 $175.320.105.122. $178.2800. $175.120. $181. $176. $573.836. $139. $178.105. $172. $178. $172.320. $173.3400 veg veg veg sorbitan monostearate glycerol mono-12hydroxystearate sorbitan monostearate (20EO) glycerol mono-oleate sorbitan mono-oleate sorbitan mono oleate (20EO) glycerol dioleate penta-erythritol tetraoleate penta-erythritol tetrastearate penta-erythritol monostearate $73. $178. $163.300 $175.105. $178.300.300. $176. $177.105.135. $173.300. $175.1324 veg acetylated monoglyceride . $176.210. $176. $176.170.3760 79040 30610 87840 $175. $184.2800. $176.210.2800.1323 $73. $175.200.3280 87600 $175.121. $163.1323 $73. $178. $139.320. $177. $175.155. $172. $139.200. $163.320. $178. $175. $176. $181.210.210. $176.105.200. $184. $175.300.210.2010 $175. $175. $176. $175.27.3400 $175. $176. $163.310 79280 30610 87680 79120 30610 $175. $139. $175.105. $176. $177. $178. $181.2800. $176. $163.22.1323 $139.1200.135. $139.340. $177.105. $ 173. $177. $176.180.138.125. $184.320. $178.22. $178.2800. $175. $163. $181.105. $173.210.170. $139. $176.300.105. $176. $176.155. $177.210. $175. i = internal e = external fp = flow properties pp = polypropylene prim = primairy plasticizer vis reg = viscosity regulator 7 Lubricants PVC PO ABS PS TPU PC PVC Antistatic PO PS PC Antifogging PVC PO PVC prim prim Plasticizer/ Viscosity regulator PO ABS PS Pigment dispersion PVC PO i pe vis reg pe pe i i e i i/e pp/pe i pp/pe pe vis reg pp vis reg pe vis reg vis reg i pe i i vis reg pe i i e i e e vis reg vis reg pe pe vis reg i/e e i/e i/e pp pe/eva i pp/pe pp/pe prim fp e . Polymer additives . 9 . 1%.1% .5% .5% for rigid type products. molding type molding for rigid PVC type dosage 0.1% .2% 0.2% rigid type dosage: 0. film type.5% gives good surface gloss veg glycerol mono12hydroxystearate glycerol monooleate glycerol dioleate penta-erythritol tetraoleate penta-erythritol tetrastearate penta-erythritol monostearate veg penta-erythritol tetrastearate isobutyl stearate cetyl palmitate stearyl stearate distearyl phtalate isotridecylstearate glycerol monostearate (90%) dosage: 0.5% .1% .1% secondary plasticizer dosage: > 0. molding type molding molding dosage: 0.2% 0.1% .2% rigid type dosage: 0.5% for rigid type products.1% dosage: 0.3%. not for Pb dosage: 0.suitable for transparent products. stabilizer.1% . molding type dosage: 0.1% . not for Pb dosage: 0.2% rigid type rigid.0.1% . plastified type of PVC film type dosage: 0. rigid type of PVC.suitable for transparent products. surface gloss effect. not for Pb Film type Film type dosage: 0. suitable for transparent material dosage: 0. thermoplastics dosage: 0.0.1% . surface gloss effect.suitable for transparent products.lubRicanTs and mold Release agenTs Table 2 / lubricants and mold release agents TRADE NAME ORIGIN TYPE PVC PO ABS PS TPU PC Radiamuls 2150 Radiasurf 2900 Radiasurf 2902 Radia 3059 Radia 3200 Radia 7051 Radia 7131 Radiasurf 7140 Radiasurf 7146 Radiasurf 7150 Radiasurf 7162 Radia 7171 Radia 7174 Radia 7175 Radia 7176 Radia 7241 Radia 7500 Radia 7501 Radia 7505 Radia 7513 Radiasurf 7901 veg veg veg glycerol monooleate glycerol monostearate (90%) glycerol monooleate (90%) glycerol tristearate glycerol tri12hydroxystearate butyl stearate 2-ethylhexyl stearate glycerol monostearate (40%) dosage: 0. rigid type of PVC.5% dosage: 0.2% .1% . surface gloss effect.5% for plastified type.1% . foam type.3% foam type. surface gloss effect.0.5% pe type.5% for rigid type products.5% .1% . stabilizer.5% gives good surface gloss dosage: > 0. transparent.0.3%.0.0.1%. not for Pb mold release dosage: 0. thermoplastics dosage: > 0. for transparent products.8% dosage: > 0. 2.70 25 58 . 11 25°C 100°C 40°C 100°C method value PHYSICAL FORM OXYDATION STABLE ACID VALUE IODINE VALUE MELTING CLOUD POUR POINT °C POINT °C POINT °C SPECIFIC WEIGHT kg/m 3 VISCOSITY mm 2/s COLOR FLASH POINT °C liquid waxy solid paste powder flakes.1R 5Y . powder.5 <1 <3 <3 <1 <2 <2 <3 <2 <3 <1 < 1.63 84 .6 3. powder.5 <3 <1 <3 75 .3R 10Y .1. waxy solid liquid waxy solid flakes.4 5. The polarity and crystallinity of the polymer matrix will direct the selection of the lubricants.85 80 . powder.7 13 4.63 50 .95 85 . waxy solid paste liquid flakes.63 56 . These are particularly suitable for applications which require thermal stability. waxy solid liquid powder ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ + ++ ++ ++ ++ <1 <5 <4 <3 <4 < 0.70 52 . By changing the alcohol and degree of esterification.5R 15Y . powder.1R 240 > 200 235 145 Lovibond 5 1/4" Lovibond 5 1/4" 5Y . By changing the fatty acids products from liquid to waxe can be obtained.100 <1 <4 <1 <1 <1 <5 75 . waxy solid flakes.5 < 1. the polarity of the ester can be tuned.5R < 65 5Y .6 5.2 16 33 (80°C) 20 17 2.Oleon offers a large range of lubricants. powder.6R 5Y .0. powder.85 <2 80 .25 < 10 20 7 852 854 - 804 807 885 925 894 876 7.95 <1 <1 <1 <1 <2 <1 <1 <1 <2 65 .3R 5Y .2.59 40 . the physicochemical properties of oleochemical esters can vary a lot. Special interest is found in our range of saturated fatty esters.5R 10Y .60 64 .1 14 28 14 APHA APHA Lovibond 1" Lovibond 1" Lovibond 1" Lovibond 1" Lovibond 1" Lovibond 1" < 10 <0 < -3 6 -9 -19 950 920 924 886 < 20 18 853 <9 6 855 912 (80°C) 868 804 805 795 864 809 7.47 59 .7R 50Y .1 - Lovibond 1" Lovibond 1" APHA Lovibond " Lovibond 1" Lovibond 1" APHA Lovibond 1" .54 59 . Due to the nature of our chemistry.1R 10Y .1R 5Y . waxy solid flakes.1R < 200 5Y . both internal and external.5R 5Y .2.1R 5Y .56 55 . for polymer processing.90 < 10 6 950 902 934 77 20 Lovibond 1" Lovibond 1" 15Y .5R < 65 < 100 5Y . waxy solid liquid liquid liquid waxy solid waxy solid flakes.70 65 .1R 260 > 150 200 220 230 260 240 270 300 290 260 290 180 210 220 240 230 220 20 .0.2 10 77 39 65 2. . 13 Lubricants and mold release . for sheets 0.6%.6%.0.3%. the antistatic effect can be tailored to meet the requirements of your application.0.0.6% in combination with ethoxylated amine (2/1) expandable Radiasurf 7147 veg sorbitan monostearate (20EO) plastisol Radiasurf 7423 PEG 400 mono laurate film Radiasurf 7600 glycerol monostearate (60%) dosage: 0.0.0.2% .2% in combination with ethoxylated amine (2/1).2% . for Injection molding 0.5% 2% plastified and rigid PVC dosage: 0.1% .5% 2% plastified and rigid PVC expandable .15% .3% provides a balance between antistatic and lubricant dosage: 0.2% . for PE film 0.3% .anTisTaTics Radiasurf® grade fatty acid esters meet the most stringent requirements of the polymer industry.5%. Foam stabilization 0. for PE film 0. for sheets 0. Table 3 / antistatics TRADE NAME ORIGIN TYPE PVC PO PS PC Radiamuls 2248 veg polyglycerol monostearate foam and film type.0.3% . for Injection molding 0.3%. LLD film and LD/ EVA film Radiasurf 2900 veg glycerol monostearate (90%) dosage: 1.5%.1% . By reaction of polar alcohols of different chain length with non polar fatty acids of different chain length.0.6% in combination with ethoxylated amine (2/1) Radiasurf 7901 glycerol monostearate (90%) dosage: 1.2% in combination with ethoxylated amine (2/1).0.15% .0. Foam stabilization 0. 70 912 (80°C) 33 (80°C) Lovibond 1" 5Y .7 APHA < 80 240 flakes. powder ++ <2 <1 56 .10 9 1033 976 41 6.1R 220 .1R 225 powder ++ <3 <2 65 .1R > 200 paste ++ <2 <1 1010 190 24 Gardner <8 260 liquid ++ <3 <1 5 .15 25°C 100°C 40°C 100°C method value PHYSICAL FORM OXYDATION STABLE ACID VALUE IODINE VALUE MELTING POINT °C CLOUD POINT °C POUR POINT °C SPECIFIC WEIGHT kg/m 3 VISCOSITY mm 2/s COLOR FLASH POINT °C flakes.60 - 954 - 15 Gardner <8 244 waxy solid ++ <5 <2 65 .70 902 20 Lovibond 1" 5Y .60 - 893 - 15 Lovibond 1" 5Y . powder ++ <2 <2 50 . Antistatics . 17 . Furthermore the biodegradability of the products is appreciated. the antifogging effect can be tailored to meet the requirements of your application. The antifogging agents produced by Oleon are highly appreciated in applications that come into contact with food. ld / eva film paste - Radiasurf 7125 veg sorbitan monolaurate pp paste + Radiasurf 7137 veg sorbitan monolaurate (20EO) film. in combination with Radiasurf 2902 or 2150 for film in combination with Radiasurf 2150 liquid - Radiasurf 7157 sorbitan mono-oleate (20EO) viscous liquid + Radiasurf 7403 PEG 400 mono-oleate liquid - Radiasurf 7423 PEG 400 monolaurate film type liquid ++ Radiasurf 7641 veg glycerol monostearate SE pe / eva solid ++ . powder ++ Radiasurf 7150 glycerol mono-oleate for pvc film in food.anTifogging Radiasurf ® grade fatty acid esters meet the most stringent requirements of the polymer industry. sheet type liquid - Radiamuls 2248 veg polyglycerol monostearate flakes.film type. pe & eva film type in combination with Radia 7641 liquid ++ Radiasurf 7145 veg sorbitan monostearate flakes. By reaction of polar alcohols of different chain length with non polar fatty acids of different chain length. in combination with Radiasurf 7157 for pvc film in food. Table 4 / antifogging TRADE NAME ORIGIN TYPE PVC PO PHYSICAL FORM OXYDATION STABLE Radiamuls 2150 veg glycerol mono-oleate for flexible pvc in food. food type for agricultural film with less then 8% eva. Also in agrofilm applications fatty acid esters perform very well as antifogging agent. in combination with Radiasurf 7157 for agricultural film with more then 8% eva. Many of our products are referenced in Europe and US as approved for food contact. food type film. powder ++ Radiasurf 2902 veg glycerol mono-oleate (90%) lld . 10 9 1033 976 41 6.5R 260 <3 <1 5 .85 < 10 6 950 77 - Lovibond 1" 15Y .24 5 3 1082 1028 224 28 Gardner < 10 290 <3 35 .44 <6 -3 1016 959 49 9.7 APHA < 80 240 <3 <3 902 22 Lovibond 1" 5Y .1R 200 .60 - 943 - 51 Gardner <6 230 <1 75 .60 - 954 - 15 Gardner <8 244 <4 80 .85 < 10 6 950 894 77 - Lovibond 1" 15Y .19 25°C 100°C 40°C 100°C method value ACID VALUE IODINE VALUE MELTING POINT °C CLOUD POINT °C POUR POINT °C SPECIFIC WEIGHT kg/m 3 VISCOSITY mm 2/s COLOR FLASH POINT °C <1 75 .3R 240 <2 <2 50 .3R 240 <2 18 .2.5 Lovibond 1" 10Y .100 25 934 145 235 <6 < 10 23 21 1025 983 1180 33 Gardner <5 200 <2 <2 -10 -12 1107 160 Gardner <5 250 <7 <1 50 . . 21 Antifogging . children’s toys and medical devices. vis reg paste ++ Radiasurf 7125 veg sorbitan monolaurate 2-ethylhexyl laurate sorbitan mono laurate (20EO) glycerol monooleate paste + Radia 7127 veg liquid ++ Radiasurf 7137 veg liquid ++ Radiasurf 7150 vis reg dosage: 20%. Radia® esters have the advantage of being non-VOC. secondary plasticizer for pvc processing aid for pvc dosage 0% . viscosity reducers are used to adjust the viscosity of the blend. vis reg liquid - Radia 7051 butyl stearate vis reg vis reg dosage: 3% . Short chain fatty esters are well suited for this purpose. This makes them especially suited for applications like food wrap film. Compared to many of the classical solvents used. In plastisol applications. vis reg dosage 0% . Plasticizers from oleochemical origin have the advantage that they are approved for food contact applications. vis reg vis reg liquid - Radia 7241 isobutyl stearate liquid ++ Radia 7331 2-ethylhexyl oleate PEG 400 monooleate acetylated monoglyceride liquid - Radiasurf 7403 liquid - Radiasurf 7909 veg general purpose plasticizer oily liquid ++ . Table 5 / plasticizers and viscosity regulators TRADE NAME ORIGIN TYPE PVC PO ABS PS PHYSICAL FORM OXYDATION STABLE Radiamuls 2130 veg acetylated monoglyceride acetylated monoglyceride glycerol monooleate general purpose plasticizer general purpose plasticizer liquid ++ Radiamuls 2134 veg liquid + Radiamuls 2150 veg vis reg dosage < 10%.9% typically 5% .PlasTicizeRs and viscosiTy RegulaToRs Plasticizers play an important role in the applicability of polymers like PVC. The plasticizing performance for these products is equal to the well-known DOP.9% typically 5%. secondary plasticizer for chloroprene and cellulosic.5%. Shore A hardness 95 90 85 80 Shore A hardness (-) Before heat ageing After heat ageing 75 70 65 60 55 50 40phr DOP 23 40phr Radiamuls 2130 40phr Radia 7909 70phr DOP 70phr Radiamuls 2130 70phr Radia 7909 25°C 100°C 40°C 100°C method value ACID VALUE IODINE VALUE CLOUD POINT °C POUR POINT °C SPECIFIC WEIGHT kg/m 3 VISCOSITY mm 2/s COLOR FLASH POINT °C <2 <1 <0 <-6 970 910 16 Lovibond 1" 20Y .5R 260 <2 <1 <0 < -6 994 910 13.6 Lovibond 1" 20Y .6 APHA < 65 180 < 0.85 < 10 6 950 894 77 - Lovibond 1" 15Y .44 <6 -3 1016 959 49 9.25 20 852 804 7.1R 190 <3 35 .6 APHA < 65 200 <6 < 10 23 21 1025 983 1180 33 Gardner <5 200 <1 <1 < -10 < -35 856 5 2 APHA < 25 170 <2 <2 -10 -12 1107 160 Gardner <5 250 <1 75 .9 Lovibond 5 1/4" 10Y .3R 240 <1 <1 < 20 18 853 804 7.2 2.2 2.3R > 180 .3R 240 < 0.5 <1 20 .8 2.5 Lovibond 1" 10Y .2.7 Lovibond 1" 20Y .3R > 180 <2 < 10 <0 -6 913 16 3.3R 210 <1 75 .85 < 10 6 950 77 - Lovibond 1" 15Y .5 60 .70 < -15 -30 865 8. Plasticizers . 25 . PigmenT disPeRsion Table 6 / pigment dispersion TRADE NAME ORIGIN TYPE PVC PO PHYSICAL FORM OXYDATION STABLE Radiamuls 2155 Radiamuls 2345 Radiasurf 7345 Radiasurf 7357 veg veg sorbitan mono-oleate sorbitan tristearate sorbitan tristearate sorbitan tri-oleate (20EO) pe pe pe pe viscous liquid solid waxy solid oily liquid ++ ++ ++ . 27 25°C 100°C 40°C 100°C method value ACID VALUE IODINE VALUE MELTING POINT °C SPECIFIC WEIGHT kg/m 3 VISCOSITY mm 2/s COLOR FLASH POINT °C <7 <2 < 15 <2 62 .50 50 .60 994 944 954 400 22 15 Gardner Gardner Gardner <8 <8 <6 < 10 250 244 250 250 1000 110 Gardner .76 <2 <1 37 .60 50 . . 29 Pigment dispersion . This complex will increase both the rate and the efficiency of sulphur vulcanization. etc. processing promotors. Synthetic rubbers are called elastomers. . the natural rubber. PBD (polybutadiene). Eco-safe plasticizers Radia fatty esters are non volatile and environmental friendly products. the saturated aliphatic chains of stearic acids will prevent the sticking of the rubber to molds and to other processing equipment. Crosslinking with sulphur will improve their mechanical and physical properties. it can also be man made in a variety of fashions.Radia oleochemical addiTives foR The PRocessing of RubbeR ® Rubber The term rubber is a very vague one. Stearic acid reacts with zinc oxide to form zinc stearate. There is the rubber coming from trees. What distinguishes rubber from plastic is viscoelasticity. Radiacid stearic acids The recommended product Radiacid 404 and Radiacid 406 are partially hydrogenated stearic acids. etc. include: vulcanizing agents to actually create crosslinks between the molecular chains. antidegradants to delay ozone and oxidation attack. rubbers and fibers. Basic compoundings concepts Ingredients which are added. most notably carbon black. Zinc oxide and stearic acid The addition of zinc oxide to rubber compounds increases the cross linking. Besides that. pigments. reinforcing fillers to add strength and other properties. Next to their auxiliary vulcanizing activity. Fatty esters or a blend of fatty esters with hydrocarbons can be used. The specifications of these products are listed on the next page. Some of the more common types are SBR (styrene butadiene rubber). Unvulcanized natural or synthetic rubbers are soft and plastic. used in SBR rubbers. Polymers are materials consisting of long chains of molecules and include plastics. which means having both elastic and viscous properties. 209 38 . Lovibond 5 1/4". C18:1 cis content Titer.47 solid (2) 53 .44 5Y .31 RADIACID Acid value.62 flakes (3) 49 .7R 0446 190 . Iodine value. max.44 5Y .47 paste (1) 44 .52 solid (2) *250 ppm antioxidant (BHT) added = stabilized grade (1) bulk.1R min 60 0444 196 . °C Appearance at 20°C Standard availability 0404 203 .211 8 50Y .1R 0406* 203 . flakes: bags on 25 kg net on pallets of 1000 kg. . Color.210 < 20 44 .209 38 . max. "big bags" on request. max. 180 kg net drums (2) bulk (3) bulk. The processing of rubber . 33 . powder 11 3 17 4 15 15 5 8 5 3 O/W W/O O/W W/O O/W. defoamer W/O. defoamer SORBITAN ESTERS Radiasurf 7357 Radiasurf 7355 Radiasurf 7137 Radiasurf 7353 Radiasurf 7147 Radiasurf 7157 Radiasurf 7155 Radiasurf 7125 Radiasurf 7145 Radiasurf 7345 ethoxylated sorbitan trioleate (20 EO) sorbitan trioleate ethoxylated sorbitan monolaurate (20 EO) sorbitan dioleate ethoxylated sorbitan monostearate (20 EO) ethoxylated sorbitan mono-oleate (20 EO) sorbitan mono-oleate sorbitan monolaurate sorbitan monostearate sorbitan tristearate liquid liquid liquid liquid paste liquid liquid paste flakes.RadiasuRf emulsifieRs ® Table 8 / composition of Radiasurf® emulsifiers H.L. defoamer O/W O/W O/W O/W O/W. powder flakes. defoamer W/O. powder flakes. powder flakes. powder powder powder 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 W/O W/O W/O W/O W/O W/O W/O W/O. defoamer O/W.B. antistatic W/O . powder flakes. defoamer O/W O/W. powder flakes.anticorrosion W/O W/O W/O. defoamer POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL ESTERS Radiasurf 7425 Radiasurf 7402 Radiasurf 7423 Radiasurf 7403 Radiasurf 7442 Radiasurf 7443 Radiasurf 7473 Radiasurf 7444 Radiasurf 7447 Radiasurf 7404 Radiasurf 7446 Radiasurf 7445 Radiasurf 7417 Radiasurf 7454 Radiasurf 7414 PEG 400 monococoate PEG 200 mono-oleate PEG 400 monolaurate PEG 400 mono-oleate PEG 400 dioleate PEG 400 dioleate PEG 400 monostearate PEG 600 dioleate PEG 400 di-isostearate PEG 600 monooleate PEG 600/200 dioleate PEG 400 diricinoleate PEG 1500 monostearate PEG 600 distearate PEG 600 monostearate liquid liquid liquid liquid liquid liquid paste liquid liquid liquid liquid liquid flakes. powder liquid liquid 2 2 2 W/O.anticorrosion O/W W/O. powder flakes. powder liquid liquid liquid flakes. VALUE MAIN FUNCTIONALITIES TRADE NAME CHEMICAL NAME PHYSICAL FORM PROPYLENE GLYCOL ESTERS Radiasurf 7201 Radia 7204 Radia 7208 propylene glycol monostearate propylene glycol dioleate propylene dicaprylate/caprate flakes. defoamer W/O. defoamer W/O GLYCERIDES Radiasurf 7136 Radiasurf 7140 Radiasurf 7141 Radiasurf 7142 Radiasurf 7143 Radiasurf 7146 Radiasurf 7149 Radiasurf 7150 Radiasurf 7153 Radiasurf 7600 Radiasurf 7900 Radiasurf 7901 glycerol monolaurate 45% glycerol monostearate 45% glycerol monostearate SE 45% glycerol monostearate 55% glycerol monostearate 50% glycerol mono-12-hydroxy-stearate 45% glycerol mono-oleate 55% glycerol mono-oleate 45% glycerol monoricinoleate 45% glycerol monostearate 60% glycerol monostearate 90% glycerol monostearate 90% flakes. powder paste paste 13 7 13 12 9 9 11 10 9 13 10 9 16 11 13 O/W O/W O/W O/W O/W. defoamer O/W. defoamer O/W O/W. 28 42 .70 200 230 230 230 230 260 240 240 240 230 220 220 . The “Hydrophile Lipophile Balance” is a value between 0 (most lipophilic) and 20 (mostly hydrophilic).60 250 240 250 240 260 260 230 200 230 250 83 80 360 - <3 <3 <3 <2 <2 <3 <5 <1 <3 <2 <3 <3 saturated saturated saturated saturated saturated saturated unsaturated unsaturated unsaturated saturated saturated saturated 6 6 -6 - < 10 < 10 < 10 - 40 .40 200 220 240 250 260 260 250 270 260 250 280 300 260 250 250 107 94 149 175 .10 < -6 5 .62 55. .21 < 10 -6 - 26 .60 58 .L.50 39 .5 64 . keeping the fatty and aqueous phases in a finely dispersed and stable state. between 6 and 17 will favor oil-in-water emulsions.L. Oleon can offer a wide range of ester based emulsifiers. The H.UNSAT.60 50 . The type of emulsion required will determine the type of emulsifier needed: with a predominant affinity either for water or for oil.5 .59.2 saturated unsaturated saturated -13 -36 <0 < -30 37 .B.42 30 . values of nonionic surfactants and their applications 0 05 10 15 20 Defoaming agents W/O (water in oil) emulsifiers O/W (oil in water) emulsifiers Solubility promoters for aqueous systems 35 VISCOSITY AT 40°C mm2 /s ACID VALUE mg KOH/g SAT. The hydrophilic part of their molecules orients itself towards the aqueous phase and forms a network of hydrogen bonds.8 <3 <2 < 0.70 56 .70 65 . surfactants with an H.Emulsification is a major function of Radiasurf® nonionic surfactant esters.L.46 55 .60 65 . POUR POINT °C CLOUD POINT °C MELTING POINT °C FLASH POINT °C 20 6.70 123 - <4 <3 <3 <3 <5 <5 <3 <5 <5 <3 <6 <5 <3 <5 <3 saturated unsaturated saturated unsaturated unsaturated unsaturated saturated unsaturated saturated unsaturated unsaturated unsaturated saturated saturated saturated 9 -9 8 -3 -13 -14 15 -12 18 6 -9 - 5 .10 <6 <0 <0 < 20 < 10 15 .B. Table B / H.B value indicates the functionality for which the esters will be the most suitable (table B).195 190 179 326 1180 - <2 < 15 <2 < 10 <2 <2 <7 <6 <7 15 unsaturated unsaturated saturated unsaturated saturated unsaturated unsaturated saturated saturated saturated -21 -14 -12 -21 21 3 -10 21 - -5 < -11 -10 -1 25 5 7 23 - 50 .B. Combinations of different emulsifiers often offer a synergetic effect.60 55 .L. between 1 and 6 will favor water-in-oil emulsions. scale. Emulsifiers with an H. This affinity is often measured on the H.L.42 - 210 250 200 34 35 41 44 50 51 54 55 60 64 55 .B. excellent cold temperature behavior and high oxidative resistance make them high performance base stocks for a wide variety of technically high demanding applications. powder flakes. Our saturated line of esters with their high viscosity index. Table 9 / composition of polyol and complex esters TRADE NAME CHEMICAL NAME PHYSICAL FORM PROPYLENE GLYCOL ESTERS Radia 7204 Radia 7208 propylene glycol dioleate propylene glycol dicaprylate/caprate liquid liquid GLYCERIDES Radiamuls 2375 Radia 7104 Radiasurf 7162 Radiasurf 7363 Radia 7512 Radialube 7373 glycerol triheptanoate glycerol tricaprylate/caprate glycerol diolate glycerol trioleate glycerol tristearate glycerol trisostearate liquid liquid liquid liquid powder liquid NEOPENTYL GLYCOL ESTERS Radialube 7302 Radialube 7304 neopentyl glycol dicocoate neopentyl glycol dioleate liquid liquid TRIMETHYLOLPROPANE ESTERS Radialube 7368 Radialube 7359 Radialube 7361 Radialube 7362 Radialube 7364 Radialube 7561 Radialube 7375 Radialube 7365 Radialube 7573 Radialube 7380 trimethylolpropane tricaprylate/caprate trimethylolpropane tricocoate trimethylolpropane trioleate trimethylolpropane trioleate trimethylolpropane trioleate trimethylolpropane trioleate trimethylolpropane tritallowate trimethylolpropane trioleate trimethylolpropane trioleate trimethylolpropane tri-isostearate liquid liquid liquid liquid liquid liquid liquid liquid liquid liquid PENTAERYTHRITOL ESTERS Radia 7177 Radia 7178 Radia 7171 Radiasurf 7156 Radia 7179 Radia 7176 Radiasurf 7175 pentaerythritol tetracaprylate pentaerythritol tetracaprylate/caprate pentaerythritol tetraoleate pentaerythritol mono-oleate pentaerythritol tetraisostearate pentaerythritol tetrastearate pentaerythritol monostearate liquid liquid liquid liquid liquid flakes. high flash and fire point and excellent lubricity of our range of unsaturated polyol esters they are a very good base oil for industrial fluids. powder POLYGLYCEROL ESTERS Radiamuls 2254 Radiamuls 2253 polyglycerol polyricinoleate polyglycerol polyricinoleate liquid liquid .Polyol esTeRs Because of the good cold stability. 3 9.8 14 13.54 280 290 300 280 250 290 260 1100 1650 91 132.5 17.5 10.63 - > 200 240 270 290 260 > 250 18 24 4 5.3 9.5 7 9.5 12.UNSAT.35 <2 <2 < 0.5 <3 <1 <2 <2 saturated saturated unsaturated unsaturated unsaturated unsaturated unsaturated unsaturated unsaturated saturated < -42 < -5 < -40 < -40 < -40 < -25 5 < -45 < -45 < -18 < -30 -9 < -20 < -20 < -20 < -20 10 -24 -25 -14 - > 235 > 250 > 300 > 300 > 300 > 280 > 280 > 300 > 300 > 250 26 30 65 104 142 - 5.37 VISCOSITY AT 40°C mm2 /s VISCOSITY AT 100°C mm2 /s VISCOSITY INDEX ACID VALUE mg KOH/g SAT.5 <3 <2 saturated saturated unsaturated unsaturated saturated saturated saturated <0 -4 -30 -27 < -30 - <0 -1 < -3 <0 -15 - 59 .1 <2 < 0.4 2.8 140 170 195 195 195 195 180 190 190 136 < 0.3 < 0.7 17 - 144 140 185 130 140 - <1 < 0.5 12. POUR POINT °C CLOUD POINT °C MELTING POINT °C FLASH POINT °C 25 6.2 unsaturated saturated -13 -36 <0 < -30 - 250 200 10 16 39 40 71 2.63 50 . .3 9.3 5.3 8 10.7 167 183 <2 <4 unsaturated unsaturated -30 -36 - - 290 290 .8 5.3 12.1 <2 <2 <3 <2 saturated saturated unsaturated unsaturated saturated saturated -47 -12 -9 -18 -15 < -25 < -10 <0 < -10 -13 58 .1 <1 <1 < 1.5 8.7 3.8 73 132 196 178 142 < 0.9 121 207 <1 <1 saturated unsaturated -9 < -21 -4 -32 - 250 275 20 35 46 46 46 46 55 68 68 92 4.1 159 106 <2 < 0. low erucic . average 3.5 0 0 T T 0.5 0 1.5 19 18 2 2 1 1 T T 1.5 0. .high erucic 0 0 1 0.5 6 6 4 1 0 0 1 1 4 6 4 10 20 25 10 30 30 15 12 10 1 19 18 3 T T 3 T T 0 1 (1) Up to 7 unsaturations. The average molecular weight is given for the fatty acids only.5 1 0 0. (2) Tall oil contains approximately 45% fatty acids.5 5 2 9 5 5 2 10 4 44 45 53 56 13 13 0.NATURAL FATS AND OILS Table 10 / composition of natural fats and oils SATURATED ACIDS CAPROIC CAPRYLIC CAPRIC LAURIC MYRISTIC PALMITIC STEARIC ARACHIDIC C20 BEHENIC LIGNOCERIC C24 MYRISTOLEIC C14:1 MAX C6 C8 C10 C12 C14 C16 C18 C22 MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN Coconut oil Palm kernel oil Palm oil Cottonseed oil Olive oil Groundnut oil Rapeseed oil Corn oil Soybean oil Sunflower oil Grapeseed oil Safflower oil Linseed oil Castor oil Tall oil (2) Tallow Lard Fish oil T=Traces .5 0.5 8 6 43 20 7 6 3 0 8 7 3 11 12 48 23 16 12 6 5 12 11 6 8 8 7 2 1 1 4 1 1 3 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 2 1 3 3 6 3 3 6 3 3 5 7 5 4 4 5 2 T 0 T 1 1 0 2 0 0 1 T 0 3 T 2 1 T T 2 T T 0 0. 42% rosin acids and 13% terpenes. 0 AVERAGE AVERAGE C20:3 C22:3 G12/100 G MG KOH/G MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX 0 0 0.5 45 3 60 8 0 14 2 8 5 14 12 T T 0 2 8 14 50 100 82 85 100 91 115 125 120 123 140 170 82 165 48 65 160 11 23 55 115 90 100 120 108 125 140 135 140 150 200 90 170 58 68 190 250 245 195 192 190 185 185 170 188 190 187 189 188 189 177 175 195 188 190 264 255 205 200 195 192 198 185 195 195 194 197 194 195 187 185 200 198 195 40 33 25 45 46 35 16 18 3 17 21 6 20 22 33 30 17 26 5 15 15 20 17 26 28 39 36 26 32 15 23 20 24 20 .5 0 1 1 2 2 5 10 35 23 65 1 2 40 50 9 19 20 25 15 13 18 4 39 2 0 10 6 4 14 35 40 14 8 19 40 35 85 56 65 25 49 30 32 25 20 22 5 54 46 52 20 T T T T 85 90 1 5 5 15 0 30 5 60 1 1 8 42 4 20 18 11 34 43 54 62 70 13 4 35 4 6 4 3 4 11 54 15 35 28 25 62 56 70 73 75 17 5 47 10 12 10 2 0 0 1 4 2 3 3 15 25 10 25 0.OH LINOLEIC LINOLENIC C18:3 POLY UNSATURATED ACIDS LICANIC MIXED UNSAT C20 (1) MIXED UNSAT C22 (1) CLUPANADONIC C22:5 IODINE VALUE SAPONISOLIDIFICATION FICATION VALUE POINT °C C18:1 C20:1 C22:1 C18:2 C18:3.39 UNSATURATED ACIDS PALMITOLEIC C16:1 OLEIC GADOLEIC ERUCIC RICINOLEIC C18:1. APHA cOLOR STANdARdS LOVIBO N D 51/4” COmpARISON CHART GARDN E R Y R LOVIBO N D 1” Y R . °C AOCS Cd 3a-63 AOCS Cd 1-25 AOCS Cd 13-60 AOCS Cd 3-25 AOCS Ce 1b-89 AOCS Cc 3-25 AOCS Cc 6-25 AOCS Cd 11-57 Section II AOCS Ca 14-56 AOCS Ca 2e-84 AOCS Cc 13b-45 Colorscan AOCS Td 1a-64 Colorscan AOCS Td 1b-64 Colorscan AOCS Cc 9a-48 . Lovibond Color. Apha Flash point. Gardner Color.SS Methods of Analysis Acid value Iodine value Hydroxyl value Saponification value Fatty acid composition Melting point Cloud point alpha-monoglycerides Free glycerol Moisture Karl Fischer Color. . . Derivatives Industriezone Ter Straten Vaartstraat 130 2520 Oelegem .com Oleon Benelux Assenedestraat 2 9940 Ertvelde .Base oleochemicals Assenedestraat 2 9940 Ertvelde
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