Nonverbal communicationNonverbal communication is the process of communication through sending and receiving wordless (mostly visual) cues between people. Non verbal communication accompanies the verbal and appears as an element of strengthening it. The most common forms of nonverbal communication are facial expressions, gestures, posture, attitude, clothing, communication with distances, communication time. They confirm or deny the verbal message, according to their manifestations. According to experts, a substantial portion of our communication is nonverbal. The importance of nonverbal communication was demonstrated in 1967 by Albert Mehrabian. After a study, he was concluded that only 5% of the message is transmitted through verbal communication, 38% is transmitted through voice, and 55% body language. Recent studies have shown that up to 93% of all communication takes place at a nonverbal and paraverbal level. Gestures, appearance, posture, facial expressions, voice are overwhelmingly more important than what is actually being it said. Every day, we respond to thousands on nonverbal cues and behaviors including postures, facial expression, eye gaze, gestures, and tone of voice. From our handshakes to our hairstyles, nonverbal details reveal who we are and impact how we relate to other people. Scientific research on nonverbal communication and behavior began with the 1872 publication of Charles Darwin's The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. Since that time, there has been an abundance of research on the types, effects and expressions of unspoken communication and behavior. While these signals are often so subtle that we are not consciously aware of them, research has identified several different types of nonverbal communication. In many cases, we communicate information in nonverbal ways using groups of behaviors. For example, we might combine a frown with crossed arms and unblinking eye gaze to indicate disapproval. FUNCTIONS Non verbal communication fulfills a number of functions: repeat function, shows what was communicated verbally and accentuated the message; Completion function related with repetition adds something to the words; Substitution function, shows what could have been communicated verbally Regularization function, helps to clarify the situation depending to the context. non verbal communication based to the use of specific signs and symbols. Gestures Deliberate movements and signals are an important way to communicate meaning without words. smell. which makes us aware of nonverbal messages can sometimes contradict to what we say. even against our will. head and neck language. TYPES of non verbal communication: Sensorial (or sensory) is based on what you received through the senses of sight. Think for a moment about how much a person is able to convey with just a facial expression. Facial Expression Facial expressions are responsible for a huge proportion of nonverbal communication. the look on your face may tell people otherwise. the facial expressions for happiness. sadness. posture. 1. While you may say that you are feeling fine. while a frown can signal disapproval or unhappiness. shoulders. components associated of written language: pagination. our facial expressions may reveal our true feelings about a particular situation. and . paralanguage associated to the words: voice intonation. Consider how much information can be conveyed with a smile or a frown. touch and taste. Common gestures include waving. In some cases. esthetics occurs via various forms of artistic expression and communicate different arts emotions. anger and fear are similar throughout the world. affiliation of individuals and how to present themselves: clothing. disposition affect mood.Non verbal communication is unintentional betrays our emotion or attitude. While nonverbal communication and behavior can vary dramatically between cultures. A smile can indicate approval or happiness. personality. pauses. pointing. hearing. posture. such as those related to religion or social status. emphasis. 2. In the sphere of paralanguage can be included: motor and gestural paralanguage: arms. 4. The same words said in a hesitant tone of voice might convey disapproval and a lack of interest. Other gestures are arbitrary and related to culture. When said in a strong tone of voice. Body Language and Posture . Paralinguistics Paralinguistics refers to vocal communication that is separate from actual language. This includes factors such as tone of voice.using fingers to indicate numeric amounts. Consider the powerful effect that tone of voice can have on the meaning of a sentence. inflection and pitch. listeners might interpret approval and enthusiasm. loudness. 3. While these nonverbal behaviors can indicate feelings and attitudes. When people encounter people or things that they like. coldness. 6. the amount of personal space needed when having a casual conversation with another person usually varies between 18 inches to four feet. interest and attraction. characteristics and personality level of familiarity. Research on body language has grown significantly since the 1970's. including hostility. and leg-crossing. Eye Gaze Looking. Proxemics People often refer to their need for "personal space. Frequent blinking indicates anxiety. Pupils decreases is the expression of unsincerity or disliking. For example. but popular media have focused on the over-interpretation of defensive postures. the personal distance needed when speaking to a crowd of people is around 10 to 12 feet. On the other hand. the rate of blinking increases and pupils dilate.Posture and movement can also convey a great deal on information. situational factors. staring and blinking can also be important nonverbal behaviors. arm-crossing. 5. especially after the publication of Julius Fast's book Body Language. Looking at another person can indicate a range of emotions. The amount of distance we need and the amount of space we perceive as belonging to us is influenced by a number of factors including social norms. Look to one side or can not look to someone denote lack of interest." which is also an important type of nonverbal communication. research suggests that body language is far more subtle and less definitive that previously believed. . Haptics Communicating through touch is another important nonverbal behavior. CONCLUSIONS . sympathy and other emotions. Harry Harlow's classic monkey study demonstrated how the deprivation of touch and contact impedes development. Appearance can also alter physiological reactions. There has been a substantial amount of research on the importance of touch in infancy and early childhood. Appearance Our choice of color. judgments and interpretations. Baby monkeys raised by wire mothers experienced permanent deficits in behavior and social interaction. familiarity. Just think of all the subtle judgements you quickly make about someone based on his or her appearance. which is why experts suggest that job seekers dress appropriately for interviews with potential employers. These first impressions are important. hairstyles and other factors affecting appearance are also considered a means of nonverbal communication. clothing. Research on color psychology has demonstrated that different colors can evoke different moods.7. Touch can be used to communicate affection. 8. transfer messages through other forms of communication than verbal or written. gestures. When people interact.about. Editura Didactică şi Pedagogică. http://psychology.“Pedagogia Comunicării” Bucureşti. because the message. sometimes unintentionally. . Whenever communicating using pictures and gestures emphasize and implement. Dinu Mihai. in a light as clear. Soitu Laurenţiu. "If you want to be ready to understand more. our information is need to remain imprinted in our interlocutor thought as clear and real. education or life experience. verbal message. 1997.com/ 2. 3. Editura Ştiinţifică. I saw that often we communicated through facial expressions. The moment between people exchange information. silence or anger. each person must take account the characteristics of individual personality . they can use pictures.For having a correct interpretation of non-verbal languages. even when not interacting. beyond words! " REFERENCES: 1. posture. appearance and color.“Comunicarea” Bucureşti. smile . 1997. crying . looking to see what is beyond laughter. we all communicate something.