• The navigator uses many information sources when planning and conducting a voyage. These sources include: • 1. Notices to Mariners • 2. Admiralty Sailing Directions • 3. Admiralty List of Lights and Fog Signals • 4. Admiralty List of Radio Signals • 5. Tide & Tidal Stream Publications • 6. Astronomical Publications • 1. Notices to Mariners is published weekly by United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) for Admiralty Charts and Publications and the Defense Mapping Agency Hydrographic / Topographic Center (DMAHTC) for U.S. Charts and Publications. • Over 60 countries which produce nautical charts also produce a notice to mariners. Therefore you can only correct U.S. charts with the U.S. notice to mariners. Similarly, correct foreign chart using foreign notice to mariners because chart datum often vary according to region and geographic positions are not the same for different datum. a publication correction section. warnings and miscellaneous information. and summary of broadcast nav.• Hydrograms • a listing of important items in the notice. . composing of a chart correction section. List of Lights. • Section I Explanatory Notes. Further guidance on T & P notices.• The content of the Admiralty Notices to Mariners comprises of 6 sections. Radio Signals. Publication List or the Index 1. Reliance on Charts & Associated Publications 4. New Laws and Regulations for NTM 3. Sailing Directions and Radio Navigational Warnings . Updating of Weekly Notice 5. New guidelines for Notices to Mariners 2. List of Lights.• Section II Admiralty Notice to Mariners. Tide Tables are announced in Notices immediately following the above Notices. New charts and new edition of charts published during the week and any charts withdrawn are listed in a notice. List of Radio Signals. and gives notice of forthcoming publications and withdrawals. . The publishing of new editions of volumes of the Sailing Direction or their Supplement. This also mentions other charts affected by these changes. Updates to Standard Navigational Charts & Publications 1. Usually in the last weekly edition of the month. Temporary and Preliminary Notice Temporary (T) and Preliminary (P) are found at the end of Section II. .• 2. All T and P notices in force at the end of the year are reprinted in Annual Summary of Admiralty Notice to Mariners. Alterations to major navigational aids 4. Particulars of recent dangerous wrecks 2. Extensive maritime exercises 7.• Section III Reprints of Radio Navigational Warnings Radio navigational warnings are designed to give the mariners early information of important incidents which may constitute a danger to navigation such as: 1. Significant mulfunctioning of radio navigation aids . Shoal depths 3. Salvage and survey operations in congested waters 5 Movement of oil drilling rig 6. Long Range = for international shipping Local Radio Warnings primarily affects vessel in inshore waters and are normally issued by Port and Harbor authorities. Coastal = for international shipping 3. . Time frequency and other information are given in ALRS Volume 5. The warnings are broadcast from the country of origin. • Coastal Radio Warnings primarily assist the mariners in coastal navigation and between ports as far as the port outer limits.• • • • • 3 Types of Radio Navigational Warnings 1. Local = for local vessel operating inshore 2. issue HYDROLANTS and HYDROPAC warning for the remainder of the Atlantic and Pacific / Indian Ocean areas. the U.S. .• Long Range Radio Warning = The World-wide Warning service comprises 16 geographical sea areas termed as NAVAREAS. In addition to Navarea IV and Navarea XII. • Section IV Amendments to Admiralty Sailing Directions Correction to Sailing Direction which cannot await the supplement are promulgated in Section IV of the weekly notices. Section V Amendments to Admiralty Lists of Lights and Fog Signals The volumes of the Admiralty List of Lights are corrected by Section V. . which includes any relevant alterations mentioned in Section II. are corrected for Section VI.• Section VI Amendments to Admiralty List of Radio Signals The volumes of the Admiralty List of Radio Signals and the notices in the Annual Summary of Admiralty Notices to Mariners related to those volumes. which also includes any relevant alterations mentioned on Section II. . Notes on tidal stream and currents 3. Pilotage . Description of the coast and off-lying features 2. 1. Buoyages system used in the area covered 7. Relevant information about channels & harbors 5. Admiralty Sailing Directions (NP 1 to 72) Also called Pilot Book is published to complement Admiralty charts. Direction for navigation in intricate waters 4. Each volume of the Sailing Directions contains. Information about navigational hazards 6.• 2. In the intervening period each is kept to date by supplement issued at intervals of 1 1/2 to 2 years. . Each volume of Sailing Direction is completely revised at intervals of 5 to 10 years. Regulations. Port facilities 10.• 8. General summary of seasonal current. general rule on the countries within the area 9. ice and climatic conditions with direct access to the sea except Great Lakes and USA. Each new supplement is cumulative and incorporates all previous corrections. B (NP 75) Southern and Eastern side of North Seas 3. C (NP 76) Baltic Sea . List of Lights and Fog Signals (NP 74 to 84) • The Admiralty List of Lights and Fog Signals is published in 11 volumes giving a worldwide tabulation of all lighthouses and lights of navigational significance. Vol.• 3. Vol. A (NP 74) British Isles and North Coast of France 2. • The areas covered by each volume are: • 1. Vol. F (NP 79) Arabian Sea. Vol. Vol. J (NP 82) Western side of North Atlantic Ocean . D (NP 77) Eastern side of Atlantic Ocean • 5.• 4. E (NP 78) Mediterranean Black and Red Seas 6. Vol. Vol. H (NP 81) Northern and Eastern Coast of Canada 9. G (NP 80) Western side of South Atlantic Ocean and East Pacific Ocean 8. Bay of Bengal and North Pacific Ocean 7. Vol. Vol. Characteristics & intensity 5. Vol. Elevation of lights in meters above Mean High Water Spring Level . Vol. L ( NP 84 ) Norwegian and Greenland Seas and the Arctic Ocean For each light the following details are given: 1.• 10. used for index purposes 2. South of the Equator 11. Number. Approximate Latitude & Longitude 4. Name & descriptive position 3. K (NP 83) Indian and Pacific Ocean. A new edition of each volume of the list of lights is published at intervals of about 18 months. sectors. Range of visibility in sea miles 7. Phases. arc of visibility. . important temporary information and other relevant remarks. period of illumination. 8. Description of the structure in which the light is situated & the height of the structure above the ground in meters.6. Also any minor associated light which do not merit separate numbering. • 4. New edition of these volumes are published annually. . Admiralty List of Radio Signals • The Admiralty List of Radio Signals ( ALRS ) provides a comprehensive source of information on all aspects of Maritime Radio Communications. The contents range from a complete listing of stations handling maritime public correspondence to a full range of services essential to compliance with the GMDSS ( Global Maritime Distress and Safety System ). The ALRS consists of 8 volumes. Vol. 1 Coast Radio Stations NP281(Parts 1&2) Maritime Public Correspondence Stations identified by DSC MMSI codes Ship Reporting System including AMVER Details about how to use Inmarsat Maritime Satellite Services Piracy & Armed Robbery Reporting Procedures Worldwide coverage in two parts Updated from Weekly Notice to Mariners Revised Annually . Listing of all Radio Direction Finding Stations Listing of all Radar & Radio Beacon Services Latest Electronic Position Fixing System details International Time Signal Broadcast details Over 40 explanatory diagrams to supplement text Worldwide coverage Updated from Weekly Notice to Mariners Revised Annually . Legal Time & Radio Time Signals (NP282).• Vol. Electronic Position Fixing Systems. 2 Radio Aids to Navigation. Vol. 3 Maritime Safety Information Services NP 283 ( Parts 1&2) All Maritime Radio Weather Services listed All Maritime Safety Information Broadcast listed Over 160 color diagrams showing worldwide weather broadcast areas Worldwide listing of Navtex & Facsimile station Submarine and Gunnery warning details ( Subfacts and Gunfacts ) Radio Facsimile worldwide listing of stations /frequencies/ index of map areas . Worldwide coverage in two parts Updated from Weekly Notice to Mariners Revised Annually Vol. 4 Meteorological Observation Stations ( NP 284 ) Essential for both professional & amateur meteorologist All MET observation stations listed Worldwide coverage Revised every 18 months . 5 Global Maritime Distress & Safety System ( GMDSS ) NP 285 All worldwide communication requirements for distress.Vol. search and rescue SOLAS compliant guide for GMDSS Pull out chart coverage for MERSAR Color diagrams for operational DSC ranges Essential information for GMDSS operator Updated from Weekly Notice to Mariners Revised Annually . 4 & 5) Detailed Pilot Information Global Vessel Traffic Services Information Color diagrams depicting Reporting Points. 6 Pilot Services.3.2. Vessel Traffic Services and Port Operations NP 286 (Parts 1.Vol. Pilot Boarding Positions and ports Harbor VHF facilities listed Worldwide coverage in five parts Updated from Weekly Notice to Mariners Revised Annually . 8 Satellite Navigation System NP 288 Major Satellite Navigation System explained Information on the correct use & limitation on these system Descriptions & examples on the over reliance on these system Advantages and disadvantages DGPS Dynamic worldwide listing of beacons transmitting DGPS Updated from Weekly Notice to Mariners Revised Annually .• Vol. 2 Atlantic and Indian Ocean Vol. Mediterranean Sea Vol.• 5. . Vol. Tide and Tidal Stream Publications • Admiralty Tide Tables (ATT) are published in 3 volumes annually. 1 European waters incl. Part 1 Gives daily predictions of the times and heights of high and low water for a selected number of standard ports. 3 Pacific Ocean and Adjacent Seas Each volume is divided into 3 parts. Part II Gives time and height difference for prediction of high and low water at a much larger number of secondary ports. where they are known. Part III Give the Harmonic Constants for use with the Simplified Harmonic Method of Tidal Predictions for those ports.1 contained in Annual Summary of Admiralty Notice to Mariners . Admiralty Tide Tables are corrected annually by Notice to Mariners No. The calculated altitude and azimuth of the heavenly body being observed s extracted from the tables and compared with the true altitude to obtain a position line. . Astronomical Publications Sight Reduction Table for Marine Navigation ( NP401) Published in 6 volumes. each covering a band of 15º of Latitude Contain data necessary for the solution of sights of heavenly bodies. LHA and declination at interval of 1º. Values of altitude and azimuth are tabulated for all combination of latitude.• 6. 1 Contains tables for selected stars for all latitudes and new edition is issued every 5 years.• Sight Reduction for Air Navigation consists of 3 volumes NP 303 (1) to (3). Vol. 3 ( Latitude 40º to 89º ). . Contains tables for integral degrees of declination providing for sights of the sun. These tables are permanent. moon and planets. Vol. 2 ( Latitude 0º to 39º ) and Vol. Royal Greenwich Observatory and the National Almanac Office. . It is compiled jointly by HM Nautical Almanac Office.• The Nautical Almanac ( NP 314 ) Tabulates all the data for the year required for the practice of astronomical navigation at sea. Naval Observatory and published annually b HMSO.S. U. The altitude and true bearing of a star at any time can be obtained using a superimposed transparent grid.• Star Finder and Identifier ( NP 323 ) • Consists of star chart on which are printed the navigational stars and on which the position of planets and other stars may also be plotted. .