Natural Fibres forComposites in Ethiopia Tolera List of fibres . Literature reviews on Bamboo and its Abundancy in Ethiopia • In the 1960s. About 481 000 ha were mapped and partly surveyed for the 1997 study. Distribution of lowland bamboo in Ethiopia. Source: Bamboo cultivation manual Eastern Africa bamboo Project . including 129 626 ha of naturally regenerated and 19 000 ha of planted bamboo. The total area of mapped monopodial bamboo is 148 626 ha. Its height ranging from 1 to 10 metres and diameters ranging from 5 to 10 cm. Source: World bamboo resources A thematic study prepared in the framework of the Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005 The botanical name of Ethiopians lowland bamboo is Oxytenonthera abyssinica. including 1 million hectares of lowland bamboo. The area of sympodial bamboo is 700 000 ha. a study by private consultants in 1997 significantly reduced this estimate. the total area of bamboo was estimated at 1.5 million hectares. The currently estimated (as of 2005 it mean) total area of bamboo is 849 000 ha. It is likely that the Ethiopian bamboo area has been shrinking since 1997. 2009 . However. Bamboo Plants Ethiopia has an estimated one million hectares of natural bamboo forest. the largest in the African continent (Mekonnen et al.1981 hectare Source: WBISPP. • Highland bamboo 31. . Adefires Worku. Bamboo Resources in Ethiopia: Their value chain and contribution to livelihoods. 18) A framework of the bamboo production-to-marketing chain in Ethiopia. 2014) Bamboo land coverage in Ethiopia from Ethiopian Forest Resources study by (Moges et al.003 hectare • Lowland bamboo 1.et al. Source:Zenebe Mekonnen. 2005 (p. 2010) shows that.070. • The total resource base of Ethiopia is confined to two indigenous bamboo species out of more than 1500 species of bamboo in the world and 43 species in Africa. which is about 7% of the world total and 67% of the African bamboo forest area. Ethiopia has Africa’s biggest bamboo resources and this plant can be harvested in sustainable cycles on 30%-40% of the mature culms every two years [15]. Source: ECBP-Documentation. with solid culms at maturing age. 8cm diameter and 17m height covers 15% and the monotypic genus lowland bamboo (Oxythenantera Abyssinica). The highland bamboo (Yushania Alpina). 5cm diameter and 7m high covers 85%. . Conference on bamboo applications.Diversity of Bamboo Plants and Utilization in Ethiopia • Different bamboo species are available in Ethiopia. Addis Ababa Ethiopia. “Bamboo Policy in Ethiopia”. 2007. Editor: S. • The Ethiopian natural bamboo forest covers about 1 million hectares. George. Source: Fiber Plants of Africa and their Usage by Japan Association for International Collaboration of Agriculture and Forestry March 2010 . Kenaf is also cultivated in tropical zones and subtropical regions worldwide as a fiber crop. cultivation in lowland swamps is not suitable as it has low moisture resistance. the plant is removed and dried under the sunlight. • The plant does not require a special soil condition.5 m to 4 m in height. After the stem has grown sufficiently. and the fibers are extracted. and filters. however. the fibers are also used as the material for paper. In addition to these six wild Hibiscus spp. • Kenaf is a straight annual plant that grows to 2. and jute bags. Hibiscus cannabinus occurs wild in a range of habitats. mats.).Kenaf plant • Kenaf (Hibiscus spp. • Seeds need to be planted in May to June. Kenaf is reported by many authors of being an Ethiopia origin. The surface skins are peeled off from the stem and the fibers are used as the material for ropes. have been observed in Ethiopia. • Recently. • Kenaf originated in Africa and grows wild mainly in the tropical zone and subtropical regions of Africa. • The suitable temperature for the growing period is 16°C to 27°C and an average rainfall of 500 mm to 750 mm. • The surface skins are peeled off after soaking them in water for 10 to 20 days. electrical insulation. The cultivated species is Hibiscus sabdariffa. dependent on enset as a major food crop. no one agrees» Dr. What mathematical figure to use for the yield per plant and per hectare. Uganda and Tanzania south to Mozambique and South Africa (Transvaal). • Enset is cultivated only in Ethiopia. through Kenya. where it was first domesticated possibly about 8000 years ago. corm and stalk of the inflorescence. cultivates 200–400 plants. Source: http://www. • Enset is the main food for 10-12 million people as of 1997 and 15 million people as of 2013 and in the highlands of south and south-western Ethiopia. But that is where the consensus ends.info/protav8.asp?h=M4. In 1997 • An average family.900 ha of enset.upenn.enset&p=Ensete+ventricosum • "Everyone agrees that measurement of the Enset plantation area is straightforward and we have to rely on the farmer to truthfully report the number of plants he harvested. and west to the Democratic Republic of Congo.edu/eue_web/enset96.htm • The assessment of Enset production for the years 1987 to 1990 was made by the Central Statistical Authority .M5&t=ensete.False banana tree(Ensete) • The wild form of Ensete ventricosum is widespread in tropical Africa from Ethiopia. • Enset is primarily grown to produce a starchy food from the pseudostem.ventricosum. • Ethiopian statistics indicate that there are 167.prota4u. Robert Shank and Chernet Ertiro Source: http://www. The centre of enset cultivation is in the mountains of south-western Ethiopia. and the yearly consumption per person averages from 10 to 20 plants.africa. … Landscape in Sidama zone showing five houses (left-rear and four across the center) with their fenced enset gardens and pasture areas. Photo by Robert Quinlan. • Source: Southern Ethiopia Peoples Regional Administration Ministry of Agriculture. . (Source: FAOSTAT) . it includes non-commercial production and production from kitchen gardens. Figures relate to the total domestic production whether inside or outside the agricultural sector.e. prepared for spinning. including yarn waste and garnetted stock.Sisal • Sisal fibre is obtained from the leaves of the plant. It also is used as an ornamental plant. Unless otherwise indicated. i. Trade data cover fibres that are raw. and tow and waste. production is reported at the farm level. com/statistic-country/ethiopia/sisal%2C%20production%20quantity .factfish.Sisal plant Source: http://www. Bast fibres Source: http://www.com/statistic-country/ethiopia/bastfibres%2C%20others%2C%20production%20quantity .factfish.
Report "Natural Fibres for Composites in Ethiopia.pptx"