Modul 1BAHASA INGGRIS KEPERAWATAN Program D3 Diba Artsiyanti E.P. BAHASA INGGRIS KEPERAWATAN Program D3 Modul 1 Oleh: Diba Artsiyanti E.P. STIKES ‘AISYIYAH BANDUNG Daftar Isi PETA MODUL........................................................................................................................................... 6 UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION AND PATIENT ADMISSION ............................................................................... 7 A. Introduction and Questions for Patient Admission .................................................................... 7 B. Vocabulary .................................................................................................................................. 7 C. Conversation ............................................................................................................................... 8 D. Writing ........................................................................................................................................ 9 E. Grammar ................................................................................................................................... 10 Basic English Structure .................................................................................................................. 10 To be in English ............................................................................................................................. 10 Pronouns as objects ...................................................................................................................... 10 Variations in sentence................................................................................................................... 10 Auxiliaries in English...................................................................................................................... 11 UNIT 2: MEDICAL PROFESSIONS ........................................................................................................... 12 A. Vocabulary ................................................................................................................................ 12 B. Listening .................................................................................................................................... 12 C. Grammar ................................................................................................................................... 13 Simple Present Tense .................................................................................................................... 13 Present Continuous Tense ............................................................................................................ 13 D. Reading and Grammar Exercise ................................................................................................ 14 E. Writing ...................................................................................................................................... 14 UNIT 3: HOSPITAL.................................................................................................................................. 15 A. Vocabulary ................................................................................................................................ 15 Medical Instruments ..................................................................................................................... 15 Departments in a hospital............................................................................................................. 15 B. Grammar ................................................................................................................................... 16 Prepositions of Place and Movement ........................................................................................... 16 C. Listening .................................................................................................................................... 17 D. Writing ...................................................................................................................................... 17 UNIT 4: ACCIDENTS AND EMERGENCIES............................................................................................... 19 A. Vocabulary ................................................................................................................................ 19 B. Grammar ................................................................................................................................... 19 Imperatives ................................................................................................................................... 19 Asking for instructions .................................................................................................................. 20 C. Listening .................................................................................................................................... 20 D. Writing ...................................................................................................................................... 21 E. Vocabulary 2 ............................................................................................................................. 21 F. Conversation ............................................................................................................................. 22 G. Writing ...................................................................................................................................... 23 UNIT 5: PAIN.......................................................................................................................................... 24 A. Vocabulary ................................................................................................................................ 24 Types of Pain ................................................................................................................................. 24 Review on Body Parts ................................................................................................................... 24 B. Conversation ............................................................................................................................. 24 C. Listening .................................................................................................................................... 25 D. Reading ..................................................................................................................................... 25 E. Grammar ................................................................................................................................... 26 1. Review on present tenses ..................................................................................................... 26 2. Past Tenses............................................................................................................................ 27 F. Conversation 2 .......................................................................................................................... 28 G. Writing ...................................................................................................................................... 28 UNIT 6: SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS............................................................................................................ 29 A. Vocabulary ................................................................................................................................ 29 B. Listening .................................................................................................................................... 29 C. Writing ...................................................................................................................................... 30 D. Grammar and Structure (Review) ............................................................................................. 30 UNIT 7: VITAL SIGN CHECKS .................................................................................................................. 33 A. Vocabulary ................................................................................................................................ 33 B. Listening and Conversation ....................................................................................................... 34 Listening ........................................................................................................................................ 34 Conversation ................................................................................................................................. 35 C. Writing ...................................................................................................................................... 35 D. Reading ..................................................................................................................................... 35 E. Grammar ................................................................................................................................... 36 Simple Past Tense ......................................................................................................................... 36 Present Perfect Tense ................................................................................................................... 36 UNIT 8: DEATH AND DYING ................................................................................................................... 38 A. Vocabulary ................................................................................................................................ 38 B. Listening .................................................................................................................................... 38 C. Conversation and Writing ......................................................................................................... 39 D. Grammar ................................................................................................................................... 39 UNIT 9: MEDICATION ............................................................................................................................ 41 A. Vocabulary ................................................................................................................................ 41 B. Listening .................................................................................................................................... 42 C. Vocabulary 2 and Writing ......................................................................................................... 42 Vocabulary .................................................................................................................................... 42 Writing .......................................................................................................................................... 43 D. Reading ..................................................................................................................................... 43 E. Grammar ................................................................................................................................... 43 Passive Voice ................................................................................................................................. 43 LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................................................................. 45 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................................................. 46 PETA MODUL Unit Keterampilan Pengetahuan Kosakata Struktur & Tata Bahasa 1. Introduction and 1. Berbicara Tubuh manusia Kalimat Sederhana Patient 2. Mendengarkan bagian luar Admission 3. Menulis 2. Medical 1. Berbicara Profesi di rumah Simple Present Tense Profession 2. Mendengarkan sakit Present Continuous Tense 3. Membaca 4. Menulis 3. Hospital 1. Berbicara 1. Peralatan Medis Preposisi 2. Mendengarkan 2. Bagian di Verbs of movement 3. Menulis Rumah Sakit 3. Arah 4. Accidents and 1. Berbicara 1. Kata kerja di Imperatives Emergencies 2. Mendengarkan bidang medis 3. Membaca 2. Singkatan dalam 4. Menulis kondisi kedaruratan 5. Pain 1. Berbicara Kosa kata mengenai Simple Past Tense 2. Mendengarkan nyeri Past Continuous Tense 3. Membaca 4. Menulis 6. Signs and 1. Berbicara Kosakata mengenai Mengkaji ulang struktur Symptoms 2. Mendengarkan tanda dan gejala dasar bahasa Inggris, 3. Membaca penyakit Present tenses, Past tenses 4. Menulis dan Imperatives. 7. Vital Sign Check 1. Berbicara Kosa kata terkait Simple Past Tense 2. Mendengarkan pemeriksaan tanda Present Perfect Tense 3. Membaca vital 4. Menulis 8. Death and Dying 1. Berbicara Kosa kata terkait Possibility 2. Mendengarkan kematian 3. Menulis 9. Medication 1. Berbicara Kosa kata mengenai Kalimat pasif 2. Mendengarkan obat-obatan 3. Membaca 4. Menulis UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION AND PATIENT ADMISSION A. Introduction and Questions for Patient Admission QUESTION STATEMENT Name What is your name? My name is Fikri (What’s your name?) (My name’s Fikri) Age How old are you? I am 17 years old (I’m 17 years old) Address Where do you live? I live in Bandung I live on Jl. Banteng No.5 I live at Ciumbuleuit Apartment No.3 Occupation What do you do? I am a student (I’m a student) Origin Where are you from? I am from Soreang (Where’re you from?) (I’m from Soreang) Where do you come from? I come from Soreang Religion What is your religion? I am moslem (What’s your religion?) (I’m moslem) Marital Status What is your marital status? I am single (I’m single) (What’s your marital status?) I am married (I’m married) I am divorced (I’m divorced) I am a widow (I’m a widow) I am a widower (I’m a widower) Nationality What is your nationality? I am Indonesian (I’m Indonesian) (What’s your nationality?) I am Japanese (I’m Japanese) Reason for coming What happened to you? I fell from a ladder to hospital/clinic What is your reason for visiting this I have a severe headache hospital/clinic? (What’s your reason for visiting this hospital/clinic?) B. Vocabulary Admission Contact No. DOB (Date of Birth) Smoking intake First name Alcohol intake Surname Reason for admission Gender Medical history Occupation Allergies Marital Status GP (General Practitioner) Next of kin C. Conversation P = Patient N = Nurse N : Hello, good morning. P : Hello N : My name is Kate Johnson and I’m here to help you with the admission P : All right. N: What is your name? P: Mustafa N: Mustafa P: Right N: So, what happened to you? P : I was working on a ladder. It was raining and I slipped and fell. N: Did you hit your head? P : Yes, I saw stars and felt sick at first. But now it’s OK. N : OK, you may have concussion. First, I’ll take down your details and fill in this form. So, what’s your surname? P : It’s Hussein N : Can you spell that for me? P : H-U-S-S-E-I-N N : What do you do? P : I’m a painter N : Right. What’s your date of birth? P : first of September, eighty two N : OK, and where were you born? P : Karachi, Pakistan N : What’s your marital status? P : Sorry N : Are you married? P : No, I am single N : And do you have a contact telephone number for your next of kin? P : 07709-401229 – it’s my brother, Yusuf. N : Do you smoke? P : Yes N : How many do you smoke a day? P : Twenty a day N : Ok. Do you drink alcohol? P : No. N : Right. Are you allergic to anything? P : No N : Now, family history. Do any of your close family suffers from any of the following – Mental illness? P : No. N : Diabetes? P : My mother’s parrents are both diabetic. N : Tuberculosis? P : No N :HIV/AIDS? P : No D. Writing Surname: ................................................. First name ......................................... DOB: ...................................................... Gender M/F Occupation _____________________________________________________ Marital Status _____________________________________________________ Next of kin _____________________________________________________ Contact No. _____________________________________________________ Smoking intake _____________________________________________________ Alcohol intake _____________________________________________________ Reason for admission _________________________________________________ Medical history ______________________________________________________ Allergies ______________________________________________________ GP ______________________________________________________ E. Grammar Basic English Structure S+V+O+C Or S + to be + C To be in English Subject Present Past Perfect Future I Am Was Been Be You Are Were Been Be We Are Were Been Be They Are Were Been Be He Is Was Been Be She Is Was Been Be It Is Was Been Be Example: a. I see a dog in the shop S V O C b. They are beautiful S to be C Pronouns as objects Subject Object I Me You You We Us They Them He Him She Her It It Variations in sentence a. With verb ( + ) S + V + O + C : They read novels every day ( - ) S + Aux + Not + O + C: They do not read novels every day ( ? ) Aux + S + O + C? : Do they read novels every day? b. With to be ( + ) S + to be + C: They were happy ( - ) S + to be + not + C: They were not happy ( ? ) to be + S + C? : Were they happy? Auxiliaries in English Tense Auxilliary Present Do (I, you, we, they)/Does (He, She, It) Past Did Group Work Fill in the blanks 1. I ____________ not a doctor 2. _________________she send the letter yesterday? 3. She _____________ a dancer 4. London ________________ a big city 5. The cats _______________ cute 6. _____________ you like candy? 7. We _______________ like watching TV 8. The book __________________ interesting 9. ___________ I bring the book last week? 10. The class _________________ so fun 11. _______________they arrive yesterday? 12. ______________we need to read the book every day? 13. He ___________________very kind 14. ___________ they go to the cinema every week? 15. _____________he show up last night? 16. You __________ a smart girl 17. I ____________ a nurse 18. _____________cats like fish? 19. ___________ she often watch movies? 20. _____________ he always sing so loud? UNIT 2: MEDICAL PROFESSIONS A. Vocabulary 1. Jobs Anesthesiologist (U.S)/Anaesthetist (Br.) Pharmacist Cardiologist Physiotherapist Consultant Porter Lab Technician Radiologist Midwife Receptionist Pediatrician (U.S)/ Paediatrician (Br.) Scrub nurse Paramedic Surgeon 2. Verbs for describing jobs Moves Examines Gives Treats Supports Specializes Delivers Prepares Performs Takes 3. Exercise a. A pediatrician _______________________children. b. A ____________________attends births and ________________________babies c. A __________________ __________________ in ilnesses of the heart and blood vessels. d. A ______________________ __________________ equipment, furniture, patients, etc. around the hospital. e. A _____________________ __________________ x-rays and other images f. A _____________________ ___________________ surgeons in the operating theater. g. A ____________________ __________________ medicines to give to medical staff or patients h. A ____________________ responds to emergencies and ________________ first aids i. A _____________________ __________________operations. j. A ____________________ ____________________ samples and tissues under a microscope. B. Listening 1. Mrs. Benson is admitted to hospital. Listen to the five short conversations, and decide who is speaking to her in each one. Write 1-5 2. Listen again. Decide whether the sentences are true (T) or false (F) 1. Mrs. Benson has had a fall 2. This is not Mrs. Benson’s first x-ray. 3. Mrs. Benson can’t find the toilet. 4. She has a heart problem. 5. The consultant sends her home. 6. Mrs. Benson’s appointment is next week. C. Grammar Simple Present Tense Functions: - General facts - Habitual actions (I, You, We, They) (+) S + V1 + O + C I read novels every day (-) S + do + not + V1 + O + C I do not read novels every day (?) Do + S + V1 + O + C Do you read novels every day? (He, She, It) (+) S + V1 + s/es + O + C She reads novels every day (-) S + does + not + V1 + O + C She does not read novels every day (?) Does + S + V1 + O + C Does she read novels every day? Present Continuous Tense Functions: - Actual current activities - Activities that are currently in process - Planned future activities (almost certain) (+) S + to be + Ving + O + C I am reading a novel now (-) S + to be + not + Ving + O + C I am not reading a novel now (?) To be + S + Ving + O + C Are you reading a novel now? (Future planned action) (+) S + to be + Ving + O + C (future) I am going to Jakarta tomorrow (almost 100% possibility) (-) S + to be + not + Ving + O + C (future) I am not going to Jakarta tomorrow (?) To be + S + Ving + O + C (future) Are you going to Jakarta tomorrow? D. Reading and Grammar Exercise Hi Ivana, I write/am writing to say thank you for the birthday card and to tell you how I get on/am getting on. The course is hard work, but I’m enjoying/enjoy it so far. We usually have/are having classes every morning, but his week I’m working/work in Geriatrics all day. It’s interesting, although of course I want/am wanting to work as a scrub nurse. On the geriatric ward I’m making/make beds and checking/check patients’ blood pressure and temperature. I’m learning/learn a lot, and the experience is very useful. I’m going out/go out most Satudary nights, but stay in/staying in and study/studying on other days. Tomorrow I go/am going to a restaurant for my birthday! I make/am making a lot of friends, but I wish you were here too. Write to me! Love, Maria Carmen E. Writing Use the interview sheet and interview your partner. Write a report on your partner based on the interview result. UNIT 3: HOSPITAL A. Vocabulary Medical Instruments Look at these instruments and write down the function and and name of the instruments Example: a. This instrument is for monitoring the heart. The name is ECG (Electrocardiography) b. ............................................................................................................................ c. ............................................................................................................................ d. ............................................................................................................................ e. ............................................................................................................................ f. ............................................................................................................................ g. ............................................................................................................................ h. ............................................................................................................................ i. ............................................................................................................................ j. ............................................................................................................................ k. ............................................................................................................................ Departments in a hospital Which of the departments in the box that do the activity in a-l Pathology Orthopedics (US), Orthopaedics (UK) Cardiology Neurology Physiotherapy Pediatrics (US), Paediatrics (UK) Renal Unit Dermatology Pharmacy Hematology (US), Haematology (UK) Obstetrics Surgery a. Dispense medicines? Pharmacy b. Treats kidney diseases? ------------------------------------ c. Specializes in pregnancy ------------------------------------ d. Studies illnesses and analysies samples?----------------- e. Treats diseases of the skin? -------------------------------- f. Performs operations on patients? ------------------------ g. Designs special exercises for patients? ------------------- h. Studies blood disorders? ----------------------------------- i. Treats bones? ------------------------------------------------ j. Specializes in the heart? ------------------------------------ k. Deals with sick children? ------------------------------------ l. Treats disorders of the nervous system? ---------------- Other Departments Psychology Internal Medicine Psychiatry Oncology Nutrition Intensive Care Unit Central Sterile Supply Pediatric Care Unit B. Grammar Prepositions of Place and Movement a. Preposition of Place In Outside Opposite On Near Under On top of Next to Over At the top of By At At the bottom of In front of On the left Inside Behind On the right b. Preposition of movement Up Through Left Down Across Right Into Along To Out of Past Around Away from Back to c. Verbs used together with prepositions of movement Go Take Carry come Push Complete the sentences with the appropriate prepositions. 1. The toilets are __________________ the ground floor, _____________________reception 2. I always keep a pen ____________________my pocket. 3. Press the button _______________________your bed if you need the nurse. 4. I’ll put your bag ________________________your bed, out of the way. 5. The restaurant’s _______________________top of the building, so take the lift! 6. Reception is ______________________the main entrance, ___________________the left 7. See that door over there? The car park is just ___________________________ 8. He’s _____________Ward 3, _______________________the end of this corridor C. Listening Listen to these people giving direction and fill in the blanks a. A : ........................here and the door you want is just.......................... Go...............the door and give your prescription to the man ..........................counter B: So, it’s just outside here? A: Yes, just across the corridor. b. A: .................................the hospital ......................these swing doors. ...........................the corridor, take the first ......................, and it’s the second door on your................... B: ........................the swing doors, .............................the corridor, first..................., second.............. A: That’s right. c. A:....................................this corridor and turn left at the....................... Go ......................the next corridor. Take the...........................left and go..................................along that corridor. The ward you want is right .........................................., ......................................you. B: Thank you D. Writing Put the words under the correct picture Exercise 1 Read the following descriptions, and then look at the map and follow the directions. Write down the name of the place that you reach in the end 1. Go straight on. Then take the first left on to Green Street. Walk past the library and it’s the building next to the library on the left. 2. Go straight on. Go past the traffic lights. You will see a shop on the right. Go past that and it’s on the right next to the shop. 3. Go straight on. Go past the traffic lights and go straight on until you get to the roundabout. At the roundabout turn left. Go past the theatre. It’s the building next to the theatre, opposite the hospital. 4. Go straight on. Go past the traffic lights and take the second right on to King’s Road. Go past the bookshop. It’s the building next to the bookshop opposite the café. Exercise 2 Look at the map again. Work in pairs. Give directions to your partner on how to go to a place (factory, museum, etc.). Take turns. Exercise 3 Write down the directions you gave to your partner in Exercise 2 UNIT 4: ACCIDENTS AND EMERGENCIES A. Vocabulary Apply Keep Squeeze Check for Make sure Sterilize Immerse Puncture Swab immobilize Remove Treat a. ....................a clean, sharp needle with alcohol. b. .....................there is no glass or other foreign body in the wound. c. Use the needle to .........................the blister d. Don’t.............................burnt clothing e. ..........................................a main artery if necessary f. ..........................the injured person lying down g. ...............................the injured body part once the bleeding has stopped h. ......................................the person for shock i. Don’t ...............................severe large burns in cold water j. ..............................signs of circulation k. ...............................with iodine or rubbing alcohol l. ...............................antibiotic ointment and cover with a bandage B. Grammar Imperatives Functions: Tell somebody what to do - Check for signs of circulation - Apply the pads to his chest Tell somebody not to do something - Don’t remove the clothing - Don’t move the person To emphasize what is important - Make sure the wound is clean - Make sure you don’t touch his body Pattern: V+O+C Close/the door/next to you to be + C Be/here at nine o’clock Asking for instructions - What do I do now? - Do I have to immobilize his leg? - Shall I take off the dressing now? - What dosage should I give him? C. Listening 1. Listen and put the pictures in order 2. Listen again, underline the correct option in italics a. The nurse gives two/three breaths into the patient’s mouth b. The paramedic counts up to three/four after each push down on the chest c. The nurse pushes down on the chest fifteen/sixteen times d. They set the charge on the defibrillator at 100/200 e. The nurse applies the pads on each side of/above and below the heart f. The patient starts to respond after the first/second charge from the defibrilator g. The patient is given lidocaine/atropine h. The dosage is 200 ml over one minute/100 ml over two minutes 3. Complete each sentence with a verb from the list, then listen again to check Check Hold Repeat Give Press Set up give Put Stand Support 1. ...........................him CPR 2. ................................him mouth-to-mouth first. 3. ................................his head 4. Right, .........................his nose closed, then 5. ..............................your hand on his chest 6. ....................clear of his body. 7. Then.............................the buttons and hold for two seconds 8. ...............................his pulse again 9. OK. ..........................the procedure 10. Well done. Now...........................an IV and give D. Writing Write an SOP based on the CPR instructions in the Listening Part E. Vocabulary 2 Cardiac monitor Oxygen regulator Defibrillator Drug box Bag-valve mask Ramp IV pump Stretcher Bags of blood Suction unit Oxygen cylinders Ambulance chair AMBO Ambulance AMI Acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) ATA Actual time of arrival BHT Blunt head trauma C Critical Cat Category CPR Cardiopulmonary resuscitation CVA Cerebrovascular accident (stroke) DoA Dead on arrival Dx Diagnosis ETA Estimated time of arrival Fx Fracture ICU Intensive care unit N/A Not appropriate Pos Possible Pt Patient RTA Road traffic accident SHO Senior house officer S/N Staff nurse UNK unknown F. Conversation O = operator C = caller D = ambulance dispatcher O : Emergency services. Which service do you require? C : Ambulance, quick! O: Connecting you. D : Ambulance emergency. What number are you calling from? C : There’s been a terrible accident. D : OK, caller. Can you first give me your number so if we get cut off, I can call you back? C : I’m on a mobile. It’s zero zero seven nine double three triple six. D : And where is the emergency? C : Here, just outside my house D : It’s OK Sir, keep calm. I need to know where. Are you at the scene now? C : Yes. D : Where are you? C : I am on Second Avenue in Newton D : Second Avenue, right. And your name? C : Alexander. Alexander Petit. D : OK, Alexander. Tell me what’s happened. C : A lorry. It’s a tanker. It was this terrible noise. A big crash and the shop wall fell down. The driver – he doesn’t look too good. D : Try to calm down, Alexander. Now, let’s take it slowly. You say that a tanker has crashed into a shop? C : Yes. D : In Second Avenue? C : Yes. Is an ambulance coming? D : It’s on its way now. Don’t worry. But I need some information from you to give to the ambulance crew. Tell me who has been injured. C: The driver’s been thrown out of his can. He is not moving and I think someone in the shop has been hurt too. It’s Mrs. Williams, I think. A wall has fallen on her and there’s a lot of blood coming from her head. She’s not moving. The driver doesn’t look good. My God! I think he’s having a heart attack! D: What about the tanker? Do you know what it’s carrying? C: No, but there’s some liquid leaking from the back. It smells like petrol. D: Hello, Alexander? C : Hello, I can hear the ambulance now. G. Writing Date : 15/03 Time of call: 01.26 Type of emergency: RTA Ambo ETA: 01.40 Ambo ATA: 01.32 Pt 1. M cat. C Pos. AMI Pt. 2. F cat. C BHT The ambulance was called out on the fifteenth of March at ............................................to a serious........................after someone had made an emergency call. A tanker carrying petrol had crashed into the wall of a shop. The ambulance’s ...............................................was 1.40 a.m. but its ................................................................was earlier. There were two casualties.......................................was a male. He was not moving and possibly suffering an..................................He was categorized ............................................ ..............................was a female. Blood from her head indicated that she was suffering a............................. UNIT 5: PAIN A. Vocabulary Types of Pain Throbbing pain Sharp pain Burning pain Shooting pain Dull ache Gnawing pain Cramping pain Review on Body Parts Head Adam’s apple Bottom Stomach Neck Nape Hair Ankle Shoulder Back Face Nail Armpit Waist Eyes Sole Chest Hip Nose Heel Arm Thigh Chin Temple Hand Knee Cheek Forehead Elbow Leg Lips Ear Palm Foot Mouth Earlobe Fingers Toes Nostrils Eyebrows B. Conversation Nurse (A) : Good morning, Mr. Smith? How are you today? Patient (B) : I’m not feeling well today, actually. A : What’s wrong? B : There’s a pain around my stomach. It’s quite bad. A : What kind of pain is it? B : It’s a burning pain A : Do you always have it? B : It never goes away. Never. A : Is it getting worse? B : No, it’s staying the same. C. Listening Try to complete these phrase, then listen again and check. 1. Are you still ................ pain 2. Well, ..........................pain around my stomach 3. I ........................a slight pain, just here....................my right side. 4. I’ve .................................this throbbing pain.........................my head. 5. I.....................getting this terrible pain............................ my left arm. D. Reading PAIN Pain is a vital part of our body defenses, and without it we could not survive. Pain warns us about things that are dangerous, and so helps us avoid damage to our body. If the body is already damaged, pain helps with healing because it makes us protect our injuries. Some babies are born with a rare condition that makes them unable to feel pain. They do not learn the lessons that the pain teaches, and as a result, suffer from many fractures and infections. Pain happens when nerve endings in our skin and our internal organs send messages through the central nervous system to our brain. The brain itself cannot feel the pain. There are two types of pain – acute pain, which lasts a short time and is removed when the cause is cured, and chronic pain, which can last a lifetime and cannot be usually treated. Chronic pain must be managed using drugs or other method. Drugs relive pain in two ways. Some block the nerves’ messages and prevent them getting to the brain. Others change the way the brain receives the messages, reducing their effect. Many methods of controlling chronic pain without drugs have been developed. These include hypnosis, acupuncture, massage, and electronic stimulation of nerves. Pain sometimes works in strange ways. It is possible, for example, to suffer serious injury but not feel any pain – soldiers in battle may not feel pain from wounds until after the battle. The opposite can happen too – patients who lose a limb can continue to feel pain in the limb long afterwards, even though it is missing. This ‘phantom limb’ pain is an example of neuropathic pain, caused by damage to the remaining nerves. True or false 1. People who are born unable to feel pain are unlucky. 2. Pain starts in the brain 3. Chronic pain last longer than acute pain 4. All drugs which stop pain work directly on the brain 5. ‘Phantom limb’ pain is felt by people who have lost an arm or leg E. Grammar 1. Review on present tenses Choose the correct option: Present Simple or Present Continuous. 1. Mark usually goes / is going home on foot. 2. Listen! Ted plays / is playing the piano. 3. My mother is a good cook. Everything she cooks / is cooking is excellent. 4. Now Stanley answers / is answering the phone. 5. They often watch / are watching TV in the evening. 6. Today Jessica goes / is going to school by car. 7. The dog sleeps / is sleeping under the table right now. 8. Water boils / is boiling at 100º Celsius. Fill in the blanks with either the Present Simple or Present Continuous form of the verbs in brackets. 1. Jason _______________(not / listen) to the radio very often. 2. Turn off the TV. You ______________(not / watch) it. 3. Where ______________ Sally usually ______________(spend) her summer holidays? 4. Mr. Watson ______________(take) very good photos. Look! He ______________(take) a photo of you right now. 5. It always ______________(rain) at the weekend. But today the sun ______________(shine). 6. My friends ______________(leave) for Budapest tomorrow. 7. Carol ______________ (phone) her grandmother every day. She ______________(phone) her now. 8. Bob and Tom’s parents usually ______________(drive) them to school, but today they ______________(go) by bus. 2. Past Tenses Simple Past Tense Functions: To describe past events. Does not relate to the present. Pattern: (+) S + V2 + O + C I met my highschool friend yesterday (-) S + did + not + V1 + O + C I did not meet my highschool friend yesterday (?) Did + S + V1 + O + C Did you meet your highschool friend yesterday? Past Continuous Tense Functions: To describe an activity that was happening in the past. Usually used in conjuction with Simple Past Pattern: (+) S + to be (past) + Ving + O + C I was reading a novel (-) S + to be (past) + not + Ving + O + C I was not reading a novel (?) To be + S + Ving + O + C Were you reading a novel? To in past tenses Was – I, you, he, she, it Were – they, we, you (plural) Exercise 1. My son .........................a firework when it................................and ......................his hand (explode, hold, burn) 2. I..........................of the car. My dad .................................the door and.....................my fingers (get out, break, close) 3. My mum..................................is in the bathroom. She...........................and .................her head. (hit, fall, get dressed) 4. I................................to music, when suddenly I........................................a whistling in my ear and I..............................deaf. (hear, go, listen) 5. I......................................in the park, and a man......................me and..........................me (punch, chase, run) F. Conversation 2 Questions to assess pain Where does it hurt? Does it hurt all the time? When did it start hurting? Does the pain stay in one place or move around? How much does it hurt? Can you describe the pain? Does anything make the pain feel better? What makes it worse? Nurse (A) : Good morning, Miss Coldwell? How are you today? Patient (B) : I’m not feeling well. This is so painful. A : Where does it hurt? B : My head. Oh, it is so painful A : How much does it hurt? B : It hurts so much that I find it hard to open my eyes A : Does the pain stay in one place or move around? B : It stays on my temples. A : Can you describe the pain? B : It is a constant stabbing pain. A : Does anything make the pain feel better? B : I feel better when I lay down. A : What makes it worse? B : If I see bright lights, it hurts more. Do the same conversation with your partner and note down the information that your partner gives you. G. Writing See the pain report below. Write a similar pain report using the information you have collected from your partner The patient experiences abdominal pain. It began suddenly last night as mild but constant pain all over the abdomen. Now, the pain is worse and is on the right hand side of the abdomen. The pain is worse when he coughs. UNIT 6: SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS A. Vocabulary A rash Dizziness Numbness Bruising Fever Vomiting Constipation Itching Runny nose A cough Diarrhea (US), Diarrhoea (Br.) Sickness Cramp A lump Sneezing Deformity Nausea A sore throat Spots Swelling Aching Tiredness Redness Dizziness B. Listening Listen to the patients describing their symptoms and match each one with their condition Listen again and tick the words you hear from this list Listen again and fill in the blanks 1. How ..............it feel? 2. A little deformed, .....................? 3. ................... painful when you move it? 4. ...........................move your toes? 5. How...............................feeling? 6. ...............................a sore throat? 7. ...............................redness? 8. .......................going? 9. ..........................dizzy at all? 10. When................................sick, mostly? 11. .......................pain C. Writing Write down a report on the patient’s signs and simptoms for the patients in the listening part. Example for Patient 1: Patient has a huge lump just a bove the ankle with quite a lot of bruising. The ankle is a little deformed and swollen. She has difficulties to move her toes because she cannot feel them. D. Grammar and Structure (Review) Basic English Structure a. Statement (+) S + V/to be + O + C His name is Mr. Bracknell b. Negative (-) S + V/to be + not + O + C His name is not Mr. Bracknell c. Interrogative (?) V/to be + S + O + C Is his name is Mr. Bracknell? Wh- question a. What is your name? b. Where are you from? c. Where do you live? d. What is your date of birth? e. Where were you born? f. What is your marital status? Simple Present Tense Functions: - General facts - Habitual actions (I, You, We, They) (+) S + V1 + O + C I read novels every day (-) S + do + not + V1 + O + C I do not read novels every day (?) Do + S + V1 + O + C Do you read novels every day? (He, She, It) (+) S + V1 + s/es + O + C She reads novels every day (-) S + does + not + V1 + O + C She does not read novels every day (?) Does + S + V1 + O + C Does she read novels every day? Present Continuous Tense Functions: - Actual current activities - Activities that are currently in process - Planned future activities (almost certain) (+) S + to be + Ving + O + C I am reading a novel now (-) S + to be + not + Ving + O + C I am not reading a novel now (?) To be + S + Ving + O + C Are you reading a novel now? (Future planned action) (+) S + to be + Ving + O + C (future) I am going to Jakarta tomorrow (almost 100% possibility) (-) S + to be + not + Ving + O + C (future) I am not going to Jakarta tomorrow (?) To be + S + Ving + O + C (future) Are you going to Jakarta tomorrow? Imperatives Tell somebody what to do - Check for signs of circulation - Apply the pads to his chest Tell somebody not to do something - Don’t remove the clothing - Don’t move the person To emphasize what is important - Make sure the wound is clean - Make sure you don’t touch his body When asking for instruction - What do I do now? - Do I have to immobilize his leg? - Shall I take off the dressing now? - What dosage should I give him? Simple Past Tense To describe past events. Does not relate to the present. (+) S + V2 + O + C I met my highschool friend yesterday (-) S + did + not + V1 + O + C I did not meet my highschool friend yesterday (?) Did + S + V1 + O + C Did you meet your highschool friend yesterday? Past Continuous Functions: To describe an activity that was happening in the past. Usually used in conjuction with Simple Past I was reading when he knocked the door (+) S + to be (past) + Ving + O + C I was reading a novel (-) S + to be (past) + not + Ving + O + C I was not reading a novel (?) To be + S + Ving + O + C Were you reading a novel? To be in past continuous Was – I, you, he, she, it Were – they, we, you (plural) Exercise 1. Last year I (not / work) hard enough for English, that's why my marks (not / be) really that good then. 2. During my last summer holidays, my parents (send) me on a language course to London. 3. It (be) great and I (think) I (learn) a lot. 4. Before I (go) to London, I (not / enjoy) learning English. 5. But while I (do) the language course, I (meet) lots of young people from all over the world. 6. There I (notice) how important it (be) to speak foreign languages nowadays. 7. Now I (have) much more fun learning English than I (have) before the course. 8. At the moment I (revise) English grammar. 9. And I (begin / already) to read the texts in my English textbooks again. 10. They (build) a new power station at the moment. 11. When I was buying the stamps somebody (call) my name. 12. ‘What time (Kevin come)?' 'An hour ago.' did Kevin come 'What time (Kevin 13. I (not go) to the cinema last night. I was too tired. did not go I (not go) * to the 14. Carol invited us to the party but we (not go). We had other things to do. did not go Carol invited us to 15. I saw Bridget at the museum when I was going to the restaurant but she (not see) me. UNIT 7: VITAL SIGN CHECKS A. Vocabulary Admission Surname Obs (Observation) Sleeve Oxygen Sats (Saturation) Hold out ...hand Weight Lead Weigh Spygmomanomater Scales Diastolic pressure Tympanic thermometer Systolic pressure Blood pressure cuff Roll up DOB (Date of Birth) BP (Blood Pressure) First Name B. Listening and Conversation Listening Stephen (S) : Good morning, Mr. Bracknell. I’m here to do your ...........................Obs. Mr. Bracknell (B) : Obs? S : .................................... It’s your weight, temperature, pulse and respirations. Also, your ........................ and oxygen sats – that is the amount of oxygen in ......................... B : Oh, right S : I’ll weigh you first. Can you stand on ........................., please? B : Yeah, sure. What’s my weight? S : Let me see. It’s 78 kilos. B : Oh well, that’s all right. S : Yes, that’s fine. Now, I’m going to take ......................................... B : OK S : I’m going to take it in your ear with this tymphanic ................................ B : That’s new. S : Yes. ....................................... your head to one side for me, please? B : Sure. This side? S : That’s fine. I’ll just wait for the beep. Right. It’s .............................. three B : Now what? S : I’ll put the ............................... cuff on. Can you roll up your sleeve, please? B : Sure, no problem S : Can you put .............................. out straight? That’s it. I’ll put on the blood pressure cuff. B : That’s for my blood pressure? S : Yes, the machine will read your blood pressure and ...................... B : OK. What’s the other lead for? S : It reads the amount of .............................. in your blood. B : Oh yes. I remember. ......................., right? S : Yes, very good. Can you ......................... your hand, please? B : This hand? S : That’s fine. I’m going to clip the lead onto ............................. so it’ll give me a reading for oxygen sats. B : Mm. So, how are my readings? Are they normal? S : Let me see. Your BP’s a hundred and twenty .......................seventy five. That’s quite normal B : That’s good. Is ..................... all right, too? S : It’s 68. That’s fine B : What about the ..........................? S : Your oxygen sats are 98%. That’s fine too. Now, I’ll finish by noting down your respiration – they were 16 ....................per minute. I counted them while Conversation Do the conversation with your partner by asking these questions and by doing vital sign checks. Fill in the medical record in the writing part based on the information you collected. What is your name? How old are you? Where do you live? What do you do? Where are you from? What is your religion? What is your marital status? What is your nationality? What is your reason for visiting this hospital/clinic? Do you have any allergy? C. Writing Surname: ................................................. First name ......................................... DOB: ...................................................... Gender M/F Occupation _____________________________________________________ Marital Status _____________________________________________________ Next of kin _____________________________________________________ Contact No. _____________________________________________________ Smoking intake _____________________________________________________ Alcohol intake _____________________________________________________ Reason for admission _________________________________________________ Medical history ______________________________________________________ Allergies ______________________________________________________ Blood Pressure ______________________________________________________ Temperature _______________________________________________________ GP ______________________________________________________ D. Reading Tongue Diagnosis Zetsu shin is used in traditional Chinese medicine. Practitioners examine the tongue in order to diagnose illness and to find out about the personality of the patient. Complete the text about zetsu shin using the words below. Disorder Balance Sign State Condition Problems Effectively Indicates Thinking Aggressive Color Blood ..............................are associated with a white tongue. Yellow.....................................a disordered liver and gallbladder. Blue or purple shows up a ...........................................in the digestive system. Purple on the underside shows the immune system is not working................................. A dark red tongue can be a .........................................of inflammation or ulcers in the body. Movement The flexibility of the tongue shows the general ...................................................of the digestive system. Width A wide tongue is good, for it shows a physical and psychological.................................. A narrow tongue indicates sharp ........................................ Tip A rounded tip shows a...........................................of good physical and mental health. People whose tongues have a pointed tip have............................................personalities. E. Grammar Simple Past Tense Functions: - Past stories - No connection with the presence (+) S + V2 + O + C I met the patient yesterday (-) S + did + not + V1 + O + C I did not meet the patient yesterday (?) Did + S + V1 + O + C Did you meet the patient yesterday? Present Perfect Tense Functions: - Starting in the past until now - Emphasize on effect (+) S + has/have + V3 + O + C She has taken care of the patient since yesterday (-) S + has/have + not + V3 + O + C She has not taken care of the patient since yesterday (?) Has/have + S + V3 + O + C Has she taken care of the patient since yesterday? Exercise Before I (visit)...............................Australia, an Australian friend in London (tell)......................me that I would learn ‘the Australian salute’. “What is that?” I (ask)....................... “You’ll find out when you get there,” he (say)...........I (arrive)....................in Perth last week. Since then I (stay)...........................at a nice hotel near a beautiful beach. I (never visit)....................................Australia before and I am enjoing my stay. Yesterday, an Australian friend (suggest).........a tour into ‘the bush’. I (agree)........................at once. The first thing I (notice).....................when we (to be) .....................in the bush (to be)................................the flies. I suddenly (remember)................................the conversation I had had in London before I (come)...............................here. “What’s the ‘Australian salute’? I (ask)...........................while I waved my right arm to keep the flies away. “That’s it!” my friend said as he (wave)............................back! UNIT 8: DEATH AND DYING A. Vocabulary 1. Match the words with a definition 1. Terminal a. (of an accident or illness) that causes death. 2. Fatal b. To become more and more weak or ill. 3. Go downhill c. An examination of a body to find out how the person died. 4. Coma d. The use of machines to keep a person alive. 5. Life support e. (of an illness) that cannot be cured, and causes death. 6. Pass away f. A room in a hospital where dead bodies are taken and stored. 7. Mortuary g. An unconscious state that a person cannot wake from. 8. Post-mortem h. A polite word meaning ‘to die’ 2. Complete these sentences using the words in number 1. a. This boy has serious head injuries. He has been in a.......................................for a week. b. The patient stopped breathing, and is now on a.....................................machine. c. We need a porter to take the body to the.............................................. d. I’m afraid your father................................in his sleep last night. e. There was a...........................................accident outside the hospital. Both drivers were killed. f. The.......................................showed that the elderly lady died of a stroke. g. After a bad fall, Mr. Deans ....................................very fast and died the following weak. h. This gentleman has.................................cancer. With treatment, he may live another year. B. Listening 1. A nurse visited Henry Jacobs in the days before he died. Listen to him reporting to his supervisor and answer the questions. a. When did the nurse first visit Mr. Jacobs? b. What happened at four on Monday? c. When did Mr. Jacobs die? 2. There are some things that can happen when a person is dying. Listen again and circle the things that the nurse mentions. a. The patient’s hands, arms, and feet become cool. b. They become incontinent. c. They hallucinate (see people or things that are not really there). d. They want to sleep all the time. e. They have difficulty breathing. f. They become restless (unable to rest). g. They lose consciousness. h. They become confused about time, place, and who people are. i. The color of their skin changes. j. Their breathing becomes irregular. k. They don’t want to eat or drink. C. Conversation and Writing 4. Work in pairs. Report on a death of a patient based on the information on your card to your partner. 5. Based on the report from your partner, write a death certificate using the following form. DEATH CERTIFICATE Name : Age : Date of Death : Place of Death Date last seen by the doctor : Please tick one of the followings: - There wll/ will not be a post-mortem - the death will be reported to a coroner Cause of death 1a Primary cause of death 1b Due to 1c Due to Other important conditions - - D. Grammar Expressing possibility May She may come tomorrow. Might It might rain this afternoon. Could Tony has developed a rash. He could be allergic to penicillin. Perhaps He says his ear hurts. Perhaps he has an infection. Maybe She is talking to herself. Maybe she’s having hallucinations. It is possible that It is possible that he has cancer. Exercise Complete these sentences using an item from the top group and a verb from the bottom group. May Might Could Maybe Perhaps It’s possible that Left Is Has gone Be Go Have to 1. I can’t find my phone. I ____________________ ___________________ buy another one. 2. I ________________________ _________________ a little late for my shifit. My bus isn’t here yet. 3. I ________________________ ______________________________ to the cinema tonight. I haven’t decided yet. 4. Marie isn’t here? _______________________ she _____________________ill today. 5. The bed is empty. ______________________Mrs. Lewis _______________home. 6. You’ve lost your notebook? __________________________ you ________________________ it at the reception. UNIT 9: MEDICATION A. Vocabulary A painkiller An antihistamine A sedative A stimulant An anti-inflammatory An antidepressant An inoculation A laxative An antibiotic A supplement Which type of medicine matches these condition? a. Infection f. Headache b. Malnutrition g. Swelling c. Constipation h. Vaccination d. Weakness i. Allergy e. Minor surgery j. Depression Match the pictures with the name Syringe Suppository Capsules Inhaler Adhesive patch IV drip Ointment Tablespoon Dropper B. Listening 1. Listen to the nurse giving information about patient’s medication. Match each patient with the problem they have and with a medication type. Patient Problem Medication Mr. Gupta Allergy Antibiotic Mr. Gill Constipation Painkiller Mr. Sawyer Skin infection Laxative Mr. Thomas Respiratory tract infection Antibiotic Mr. Cheong Abdominal pain Antihistamine 2. Listen again and write down the dosage for each patient a. Mr. Gupta ..........................mg of Morphine every ................hours b. Mr. Gill a ...............mg infusion of Clindamycin over a ........ hour period c. Mr. Sawyer one ................mg tablespoon of metamucil.............times a day d. Mr. Thomas .....................mg of Cephalexin every........................hours. e. Mr. Cheong an injection of ................. mg of dimotane every..............hours. C. Vocabulary 2 and Writing Vocabulary Common abbreviations for medication dosage Abbreviation Frequency q.d. Every day q.h. Every hour q.2.h Every two hours q.3.h......(q.4.h., q.5.h, and so on) Every three hours.......(every 4 hours, every 5 hours, and so on b.i.d Twice a day t.i.d Three times a day q.i.d Four times a day q.a.m. Every morning h.s. At bedtime a.c. Before meals stat Immediately Common abbreviations for medication route Abbreviation Meaning PO Per oral, through mouth. IM Intramuscular injection IV Intravenous Example: Amoxicillin PO t.i.d Writing Try writing down the dose and route you’ve heard in the listening part in abbreviation. D. Reading Read the following text Pandemics and Tamiflu When someone who has flu sneezes nearby, you take tiny droplets of their saliva into your lungs. The droplets contain viruses that are looking for a new home. They get into your lungs and then into your blood, and can quickly take over your whole body, using it as a factory in which they can reproduce. At any time, a deadly macterium or a virus can become very successful and spread across the world, killing millions of human beings. When this happens, it is called a ‘pandemic’. There was a pandemic in 1918. An influenza virus called H1N1 or ‘Spanish flu’ killed between 50 and 100 million people. More people died from H1N1 than were killed in the First World War. Since 1918, the H1N1 virus has mutated. Now, there is a mutation called H5N1. When this mutation first appeared in China in 1996, there was a desperate search for a medicine to deal with it. The pharmaceutical company Roche came up with a drug called Tamiflu. Tamiflu does not kill H5N1, but stops it making copies of itself. If given early enough, vaccinations of Tamiflu could perhaps save many lives. However, the virus will continue to mutate, and might become resistant to Tamiflu. The next mutation may already be with us by the time you’re reading this! Exercise Decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F) 1. A pandemic is a type of virus. 2. Viruses reproduce outside your body. 3. More people died from Spanish flu than were killed in the First World War. 4. H1N1 is the name of a pandemic. 5. H5N1 is an antiviral drug. 6. Tamiflu is made by Roche. 7. Tamiflu stops H5N1 spreading. E. Grammar Passive Voice Function: Passive voice digunakan ketika fokus dari kalimat adalah tindakannya, dan bukan orang yang melakukan tindakan tersebut. Pattern: S + to be (according to the tense) + V3 + O (if necessary) + C Example: Tamiflu was invented in 1996 S to be V3 C He was hit by a bus yesterday S to be V3 O C Exercise: Rewrite the following sentences in passive voice. 1. He opened the door. 2. The mayor will write a decree. 3. The car has hit the cat twice. 4. He doesn’t read the book. 5. She has eaten two slices of bread. 6. Rani sang three songs. 7. The lecturer wrote three textbooks. 8. The patient has not taken the medicine. 9. The nurse bathe the patient. 10. The man has painted the wall. LAMPIRAN INTERVIEW SHEET 1. Ask your partner: Name: Address: Where they are from: Age: Occupation: Hobby: 2. Ask the following questions to your partner: Why do you want to be a nurse? What kind of nurse would you like to be? Why? Where do you hope to work? What are you good at? What do you usually do in your free time? EXAMPLE OF REPORT SHEET I would like to introduce my friend. His name is Farhan. He lives on Jalan Sekeloa No. 2 Bandung. He is originally from Cianjur. He is now 20 years old. He is a student and he likes hanging out with his friends. He also likes fishing and singing, although he admitted that his voice is not really good. He wants to be a nurse because he likes working with people and she’s interested in science but she really doesn’t like doing paper work. He’d like to be a pediatric nurse because he really enjoys working with children. He hopes to work in a children’s hospital in Australia because the nurse’s pay there is good and he wants to go around Australia to meet the kangaroos and koalas. He is good at talking to people and making them feel comfortable. He is also very organized. In his free time he plays guitar and hangs out with his friends on weekend. DAFTAR PUSTAKA 1. Allum, V., Patricia McGarr. 2013.Cambridge English for Nursing:Pre-intermediate.Cambridge University Press: UK. 2. Alexander, L.G..1998. Longman English Grammar Practice (Intermediate). Longman Group:UK. 3. Eastbook, J. 1987. Basic English Grammar Exercise.Oxford: UK 4. Grice, T.2013. Oxford English for Careers: Nursing 1. Oxford University Press: UK. 5. Grice, T., James Greenan. 2013.Oxford English for Careers: Nursing 2. Oxford University Press: UK 6. Hoshima, Alice, Anne Hogue. 2005. Writing Academic English. Pearson Longman: UK. 7. Pyle, Michael A., Mary Ellen M.P.1995. Cliffs TOEFL Preparation Guide. Cliffs: US.
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