Viral Diseases of the SkinPrepared by: CATHERINE A. LIM,RMT,M.BIO.ED. Papilloma Virus • causes warts • transmitted by direct contact • genital warts are caused by a specific variety – can lead to cervical cancer • viral DNA inserts into the host’s chromosome and turns off normal tumor suppression uiowa.http://www.lib.html .edu/hardin/md/wartspictures. Treatment • remove virus infected cells by Liquid Nitrogen. Acetic Acid • burning or surgery . Small Pox • transmitted by aerosols • raised pustules allover the body are seen after the infection has become systemic – all tissues and organs can be destroyed • world-wide immunization with attenuated virus in the 1060’s eliminated all cases • only in highly protected laboratories – bioterrorism threat? . . gov/agent/smallpox/smallpox-images/smallpox3.http://www.htm .bt.cdc. Vaccine successful due to the following: • Humans are the only hosts • The symptoms are easy to recognize • There are no asymptomatic carriers • The antibody made is totally protective • There is only one serotype . Chicken Pox and Shingles • Virus. spread by aerosol. but is the same virus • Chicken Pox is highly contagious. one of the Herpes Family • called Varicella Virus during the initial infection (Chicken Pox) • called Herpes Zoster when it recurs as Shingles. 2 week incubation period where there are no symptoms but the virus can be spread . aging.Chicken Pox and Shingles • Localized infection of raised watery lesions • When the initial infection is over the virus enters the peripheral nerves in the skin and travels to the central nerve ganglion in the back – viral DNA inserts into the chromosomes of nerve cells and there is no more viral replication at this time • Viral reproduction can be triggered years later due to stress. etc • Virus then begins to reproduce and travel to the skin of the back and trunk causing painful. watery lesions • Chicken Pox vaccine available. illness. attenuated virus • No treatment except for the symptoms – alleviate the itchiness . . edu/Hardin/md/dermnet/shingles.SHINGLES http://www.uiowa.html .lib. Monkey pox http://content.org/cgi/content/full/339/8/556 .nejm. Herpes Simplex I – Cold Sores • direct contact with cold sore • local infection – raised watery lesion • becomes latent – virus will reside in the facial nerve ganglia. UV light. etc . viral DNA inserts into nerve cell chromosome • triggered to reproduce by stress. http://www.uiowa.edu/hardin/md/dermnet/coldsores.html .lib. Treatment • treat symptoms. use topical cream containing antiviral agent Acyclovir • only kills actively reproducing virus not when it is latent so must use whenever cold sores appear . Measles (Rubeola Virus) • aerosol transmission • red pin point rash throughout body • can become systemic and attack the brain (encephalitis) • 1-2 million deaths/year • vaccine. Mumps. part of MMR (Measles. Rubella) attenuated virus vaccine given to infants . . spontaneous abortion • Part of the MMR vaccine. stillbirth. brain damage. deafness. attenuated virus . • most problem in the First Trimester – birth defects. blindness. crosses the placenta. flat rash throughout body • Problem: will damage fetus if Mom has rubella.Rubella Virus (German Measles) • Aerosol transmission • Localized infection – red. . That’s All Folks! THANK YOU!!! .