OVERVIEW: LAHORE METRO KIA HAI?ORANGE LINE METRO TRAIN [OLMT] Aur Aap Kamil Khan Mumtaz: Architect /Urbanist; Nayyar Ali Dada: Architect; Yasmin Lari: Architect; Arif Hassan: Architect; Dr. Ajaz Anwar: Historian; Salima Hashmi: Educationist/Artist; FeryalGauhar: Social Scientist; I.A. Rahman: President HRCP Human Rights Commission of Pakistan; LCS, Lahore Conservation Society; JAP: Judicial Activism Panel; Husain Naqi, IAP: Institute Of Architects Pakistan; LBT (Lahore Bachao Tehreek); PCATP : The Pakistan Council Of Architects And Town Planners; UIA : Union Of International Architects; PELA : Pakistan Environmental Lawyers Association; HRCP : Human Rights Commission Pakistan; WWF: World Wide Fund For Nature Pakistan; PMA : The Pakistan Medical Association; OCCO : The Office Of Conservation And Community Outreach; PURC: Pakistan Urban Resource Center ; CCP : Concerned Citizens Of Pakistan ; Lok Sujhag; Subh-E-Nau; Shehri; Pakistan Sustainability Network; Chitrkar; Shirkatgah; Shajardost; Civic Forum; Simorgh; (CICF) The Cecil & Iris Chaudhry Foundation; (SAPPK) South Asia Partnership Pakistan. The Laltain www.lahoremetroauraap .com FB: Lahore Metro Aur Aap 06-01-16 The current Orange Line Metro Train Project destroys the possibility of the integrated Lahore Mass Transport System as conceived in 2005-10 Buses on grade will solve Lahore’s transport problems,. They can be supported by the revival of existing North South rails for commuter traffic. Underground trains using Tunnel Boring Machine can be an on going Long Term investment for the future The current plan destroys Lahore. It destroys livelihoods , homes and communities, it destroys heritage, it destroys the environment and the economy on the Green Line.LAHORE METRO Lahore’s new mass transit system primarily consists of 4 transit corridors: GREEN LINE: 27km long Gajju Mattha to Shahdara In operation as the Lahore Metro Bus since 2013 on a Daily Subsidy of PKR4million. . Built as an elevated Bus Viaduct. greatly amplifying noise and compromising security for properties along the route. system is highly damaging for the environment and character of the city.000 daily. Impact: Decreased Property Value.000 – 180. Loss to business.000 riders per day originally current bus estimated ridership ranges between 70. the Lahore Metro Green line was originally a North-South Rail line and had both underground and over-ground sections. alienation of users from built landscape. Kalma Chowk Stop was to be an Interchange Station and was underground. Designed for train with 380. Increased noise and hanging pollution. Making the system overhead. LAHORE METRO: GREEN LINE Lahore’s new mass transit system primarily consists of 4 transit corridors . The Orange Line consists of 25. Railway Station. Originally the OLMT was to connect with PAKISTAN RAILWAYS at Lahore Main Station.000 estimated daily ridership. . Buildings both public and private will be directly impacted by the Orange Line. OLMT’s elevated track will look into properties compromising viability. Lakshmi Chowk. security and value. GPO. and Shalimar through Lahore’s most historic and densely populated areas. Anarkali. Impact: The cut and cover section of the OLMT destroy everything on the surface in its path and will cause the most impact on ground. 250.9km elevated viaduct with heights varying between 59’ – 26’ and a 1.1km long Ali Town to Dera Gujjran Crossing Chauburji.7km long "Semi- Underground” section using Cut and Cover technology.LAHORE METRO Lahore’s new mass transit system primarily consists of 4 transit corridors: ORANGE LINE: 27. LAHORE METRO: ORANGE LINE Lahore’s new mass transit system primarily consists of 4 transit corridors . & Fortress Stadium stops. Mall of Lahore. compromised security at sensitive locations such as Corps Commanders Residence on Aziz Bhatti Road.LAHORE METRO Lahore’s new mass transit system primarily consists of 4 transit corridors: PURPLE LINE: 19km long Data Darbar to Ghazi Road The Route includes Aitchison College. Impact: Expected cutting of trees on Mall road from the High Court to Mian Mir Bridge. . LAHORE METRO: PURPLE LINE Lahore’s new mass transit system primarily consists of 4 transit corridors . LAHORE METRO Lahore’s new mass transit system primarily consists of 4 transit corridors: BLUE LINE: 24km long Chauburji to Eden Avenue Affected sites include. Allama Iqbal Medical College. Kinnaird College. . Lahore College. Impact: Security concerns and viability of Hospitals and Colleges. Loss of foot traffic to existing businesses. Loss of property value. Services Hospital. Siddique Trade Centre. Miani Sahib Graveyard. Loss of vegetation. Barkat Market. LAHORE METRO: BLUE LINE Lahore’s new mass transit system primarily consists of 4 transit corridors: . . 54km (Sultanpura – Railway Station) Min.56km (Anarkali – Central) 19 hectares Rolling Stock Depot Dera Gujran 6. Distance = 1.02km Max.1km SW – NE orientation 26 stations: 2 Underground 24 Elevated Av. Distance Between Stations = 1.LAHORE METRO: ORANGE LINE AT A GLANCE Length: 27. Distance = 0.33 hectare Stabling Yard/ Control Centre/ Security Centre/ 2 High-Voltage Substations . OLMT: ROLLING STOCK DEPOT 19 hectares at Dera Gujjran Image Courtesy: NORINCO Technical Proposal . 33hectares at Ali Town 6. OLMT: STABLING YARD OLMT: STABLING YARD. 6.33 hectares at Ali Town Image Courtesy: NORINCO Technical Proposal . OLMT TRACK: Height Profile . on 6’ wide Single Column Piers .OLMT TRACK: SPECS Elevated Double ‘U’ Concrete Viaduct 25’ wide. 229sft .5m/ 73.81’ x L = 102m / 335’ Total Building Area for elevated stations ranges from 4935sqm /53119sft for 10 stations from Chauburji – Ali Town to the largest at Lakshmi Chowk at 6060sqm/ 65.OLMT: ELEVATED STATIONS DESIGN All elevated station dimensions W = 22. 6m .OLMT: ELEVATED STATIONS DESIGN The max. height of these stations from the road to the apex of the curved roof will be 54’- 9”/16. OLMT: ANARKALI STATION . Total Estimated Cost of Current Metro Project = Unknown. Current Metro Project: Used tunnel technology and elevated tracks to minimize physical impact on ground.OLMT: ANARKALI STATION Cost Comparison with other Cities: Lahore Metro cost per Km = $61. Completion Orange Line: 27 months. Time line for completion for whole network (from 2005): 15-25 years. Orange. .9bn Total Cost for Green. Financial Wastefulness: Transport studies conducted via JICA reportedly cost between $1Million and $1Billion.Two transport studies conducted: 2006-2008 Previous LRMTS Metro Proposal Vs. Jakarta MRT cost per Km = $7. Timeline for completion Metro network = Unknown. Purple and Blue Lines 2006 = $6billlion.9million. Orange line estimated cost 2006 = $1.5million. OLMT: CENTRAL STATION DESIGN CENTRAL STATION under Mall Rd.093sft Underground Station. at GPO Chowk Total Building Area = 8370sqm/ 90. . SHALIMAR BAGH: EXISTING . SHALIMAR BAGH: ORANGE LINE . CHAUBURJI STATION: EXISTING . CHAUBURJI: EXISTING . CHAUBURJI: ORANGE LINE . GENERAL POST OFFICE: EXISTING . GOP will receive $0.6B @3% per annum $1B + Interest rolling stock purchase goes back to China via NORINCO . .6B for civil works to be executed by LDA+NESPAK contractors. Estimated total cost of the OLMT is still unknown as several costs to deliver the project are not in the PC1.5B to be paid back in 20years.75B CHINESE LOAN = $1.PROJECT COST OLMT = $1. All payments will be made by the Chinese directly. Interest on loan in the 1st year is PKR5. COSTS NOT INCLUDED IN PROJECT PC 1 . LAND ACQUISITION “990 Kanals” approx. as per project EIA (environmental impact assessment) Media reports suggest a higher figure close to 1600 Kanals . ANARKALI: EXISTING . ANARKALI: ORANGE LINE . . .” Land Acquisition Act 1894.“Provided that no person shall enter into any building or upon any enclosed court or garden attached to a dwelling-house (unless with the consent of the occupier thereof) without previously giving such occupier at least 7 days’ notice in writing of his intention to do so previously giving such occupier at least seven days’ notice in writing of his intention to do so. Protests Around the City . . 000 which is approximately 33% of the total amount. ‘They said the government had promised to pay them Rs 150. and now the government is insisting to give us only Rs.’ http://www.50.com.dailytimes.000 per marla.pk/punjab/22-Dec-2015/unjust-land-prices- harbanspura-residents-protest-against-omt .Compensation Formulas for Land Acquisition are Far Below Market Rates. the market-value of the land at the date of the publication of the notification…. at the time of the Collector’s taking possession of the land. by reason of the acquisition injuriously affecting his other property … in any … manner. or his earnings. 1894 Article 23. the Court shall take into consideration – first.fourthly. if the acquisition has been made for a public purpose and a sum of 25%on such market-value if the acquisition has been made for a Company. in consideration of the compulsory nature of the acquisition. the Court shall award a sum of 15% on market-value. the damage (if any) sustained by the person interested. if. . In addition to the market-value of the land as above provided. the Reasonable expenses (if any) incidental to such change. In determining the amount of compensation to be awarded for land acquired under this Act. and sixthly.PUNJAB LAND ACQUISTION ACT. fifthly. in consequence of the acquisition of land … (persons are) compelled to change residence or place of business. the damage (if any) bona fide resulting from diminution of the profits of the land between the time of the publication of the declaration under section 6 and the time of the Collector’s Taking possession of the land. footpaths etc. amenity plots.RELOCATION COSTS Relocation costs of all public services. railway infrastructures. new land/new builds/ refurbishment/additional construction of those that are partly acquired. . clinics. Permanent loss to services in catchment areas. Other examples of unaccounted costs include costs for repairs. relocation etc. Serves 250 families in Anarkali/Jain Mandir area. police and fire stations. For example the Institute for Disabled Children. of public schools. post offices. . ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE REQUIRING MITIGATION MEASURES (from EIA Report) Disruption in daily routine/ activities of locals and visitors Structural Stability in the patch where cut and cover will be done. Solid waste generation and due management during construction and operation; Accidental leaks/spills of hazardous chemicals from construction activities & machinery Contamination of Ground water by construction activities; and Relocation of Public Utilities (water, gas, power lines etc.) Construction of tunnel will affect Archeological/cultural sites during Construction 27 civilians have been killed by the movement of heavy machinery for the Orange Line since the project began in .Health and safety issues of workers & commuters. 16.• OLMT EIA states total environmental cost at Rs. This includes Rs. • No money is allocated for actual mitigation measures during construction.150 for Tree Plantation and Rs. 18.000 for environmental monitoring.150. 100.936. Rs. 576.000 environmental training cost. .512. Disturbance to public movement during construction . .Air + Noise Pollution due to the operating of construction machinery during gestation phase of the project. . .14 billion. Brecorder.28B and is to last for 50years.Permanent Subsidy Permanent Subsidy.com/br-research/44:miscellaneous/4530:is- orange-line-worth-the-cost/. Net subsidy on fares for the OLMT will be $1. The subsidy will be Rs 151 per trip. To date the subsidy has been $0. 20. Permanent (estimated) Subsidy on OLMT PKR171/passenger is the break even cost of a trip/passenger each fare kept at Rs. Green Line PKR 4 million/day (GOPb).38B/year (http://www. Per annum the subsidy alone is $0. Increased illness as well as heat related death. Temperature rise in the city. 3653 trees will be cut. Including 2907 mature trees ( GOPb figures from EIA report) . Secondary effect on increased energy requirements and health related costs in Lahore.PERMANENT ENVIRONMENTAL & HEALTH IMPACT: Urban Heat Island Effect from tarmacization and removal of green spaces. The elevated viaducts act as heater tubes and also concentrate pollutants and increase the life of diseases. Plus choice of viaduct technology will have the following effects. . . . . . paris.Impact on Heritage PC1 does not include cost of damage prevention to building stock 400 years old & younger Loss of future revenue in tourism in Billions of $ Istanbul. delhi & other cities have preserved their heritage . . Government College from outdie . from inside Government College . Compromised environment in the garden. reduced access. Elevated viaduct section . Protected under UNESCO World Heritage Convention 1972. with garish views of the concrete viaduct. Shalimar Gardens circa 1642. National Antiquities Act 1975 Projected View of Elevated Track from inside the garden Impact: Obstructed view. Remains Shalamar Hydraulic Works will also be concrete pylons with the viaduct wrapping itself around the remains of the monument. Chauburji circa 1646 Protected under: National Antiquities Act 1975 Impact: Endangered by Project during construction phase as well as further traffic & noise stresses post construction. Elevated viaduct section. Possible Structural Damage compromised views. limited access. Projected impaired views of the monument from the road . Protected under Antiquities Act 1975. Elevated Viaduct Section. Impact: obstructed views. Saruwala Maqbara integrated site: Built between 1655 . Dai Anga’s Tomb. possible structural damage due to vibration and extreme proximity.Gulabi Bagh. . reduced access.18th century these sites make up a continuous heritage property. restricted access. Obstructed view.Buddhu ka Awa: Built 17th Century. protected under Antiquities Act 1975. Impact: Possible structural damage due to vibrations. Elevated viaduct section . Less than 30' away from the elevated track. unique "Early English“ architectural style buildings commissioned by the British. Impact: Damage due to vibrations in gestation period. compromised viability due to proximity of elevated track. MOMINPURA GRAVEYARD: Pre-Mughal graveyard of specific importance to Lahore's Shia community.JANI KHAN'S TOMB: Built 1748. Obstructed view. reduced access. Impact: Further obstructed view. Cut and Cover Section . protected under Antiquities Act 1975. built 1627. MAHABAT KHAN'S GARDEN: Built in late 16th or early 17th Century. protected under Punjab Special Premises Preservation Ordinance 1985. Punjab Special Premises. Further impact un-assessed but within 200' of underground Central Station. LAHORE HIGH COURT: Built 1889. visual impairment. protected under Antiquities Act 1975. After protests the government has recently provided verbal reassurances to the Shia Community that the graveyard will not be touched. added noise. ZEBUNNISA'S TOMB: Built in 1669. protected under Antiquities Act 1975. NAULAKHA PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH: Built 1853. Impact: Losing front parking lot due to underground Central Station and permanent exit/entry and ventilation structures. Elevated viaduct section. Impact: Restricted access. Protected under Antiquities Act 1975. 1985. compromised security and privacy. compromised vistas. Impact: Restricted Access. Impact: Losing front wall and trees. Elevated Viaduct Section. elevated viaduct section. Impact: Land being taken by Project Pumping Station. SHAH CHIRAGH: Mughal era shrine and mosque. obstructed view elevated viaduct section. CATHEDRAL CHURCH OF THE RESURRECTION: Built 1887. Impact: Losing area/graves. Anarkali: To be demolished for Anarkali interchange station. but Cut and Cover section of Project Alignment abuts next to it. Loss of an underprivileged community living here since decades in some cases since and prior to Partition. but in very close proximity to the Central underground station.Lakshmi Mansions: Built 1935. . Impact: Recently removed or destroyed Kapurthala House. Impact: Uncertain. Impact: Destruction of the Art Deco Kapurthala estate. SUPREME COURT BUILDING LAHORE: Punjab Special Premises Preservation Ordinance. AIWAN-E-AUQAF BAGH: Being demolished to make way for Central Station. Impact: Uncertain. Punjab Special Premises Preservation Ordinance 1985 DELHI MILESTONE ON MCLEOD ROAD: Punjab Special Premises Preservation Ordinance 1985. 1985. AIWAN-E-AUQAF: Built in the 19th Century. 25 properties include sites protected under the National Antiquities Act 1975 and/or The Punjab Special Premises (Preservation) Ordinance 1985 which state that no new construction can happen within 200ft of a listed site. At Shalimar Bagh the World Heritage Convention 1972 mandates a 250’ distance. The OLMT alignment from Chauburji to Shalimar passes through the most historic areas of the city oblivious to the specified distance on these locations. Key heritage sites being affected are listed as: . Circa 1849. . Protected under Punjab Special Premises Preservation Ordinance 1985. GPO circa 1849. . Nabha Road Veranda being cut where marked. Front Garden being taken. . . 3 m Court Boundary Wall 1. 20.9 m 10.5 m 19.6 m of GPO Top Slab Pile Wall Base Slab .2 m Building Line of Building Line of Supreme Court Distance from Existing 6.0 m Distance from Existing GPO Building Building Boundary Wall of Supreme 2. St Andrew’s Presbytarian Church Nabah Rd Circa 1860S . . . Protected under Antiquities Act 1975.Baba Mauj Darya: Built in 1591 by Emperor Akbar. . and the saint interred in 1604 is an active religious site. Mauj Darya Mosque: A part of the Shrine Complex. After recent protests the GOPb has given verbal reassurances that the shrine/grave itself will not be touched. Cut and Cover Section . this mosque is being demolished then being “rebuilt”. Impact: being demolished and rebuilt.ANARKALI STATION Impact: Shrine being cut in half as per NESPAK plans. GOPb in a public meeting declared it as “Protected antiquities list. . P.O Chowk Revised Influence Zone Central Original Influence Zone Chauburji Station . Revisited Area to minimize the Construction Influence on S/C Building G. 000 passengers/day + Purple Line x passengers per /day + Blue Line x passengers/day . Projected ridership 250. According to the PC 1 for the Orange Line economic viability of the project is based on ridership. Govt estimates. Orange Line.PROJECT VIABILITY.000 passengers /day + Green Metro Bus Line 170. reduction in vehicle use/petrol consumption and time saved of the riders. Plus job creation. 4 % % of the population of the Punjab served by the Orange Line = 0.2 % .8% % of the population Lahore served by the Orange Line= 2.Total population of Lahore = 11 million % of the population of Lahore served by the Orange Line + Green Line = 3.2% % of the population of the Punjab served by the Orange Line plus Green Line = 0. The Metro System once built will not service the majority of city dwellers. This has not resulted in lesser traffic on Ferozepur Road. . This in turn translates into longer engine running hours.REDUCTION IN VEHICLE DEPENDENCY & FUEL : Considering the Green Line as a test case for the efficiency of the Metro System: Most bus commuters use another form of transport to get to and from the bus stations. more fuel consumption and more pollution. Reconstruction of the Ferozepur road traffic flow system by the same agencies/contractors undertaking the Orange Line road work has led to increased distances between nodes and generated traffic jams and bottle necks. Green line of being in use the corridor has not led to accelerated development on or better services on the transit corridor. After 2yrs. Metro Bus Authority in assessing its “success” only factors in users of the bus system. businesses. • Removal of existing public transport jobs from roads wagons etc . businesses etc. In high population. Post construction . station maintenance and manning of station shops is a small percentage of total jobs lost due to displacement of homes. 250 wagons have been reportedly removed from the Ferozepur road route . • Removal of existing shops. poor areas from Chauburji –Shalimar. jobs created to meet operating system requirements. hawkers will lead to GDP losses to and harm the urban poor more so. the damage to both social and economic networks may be irreversible.Job Creation via OLMT? • Job creation through the transit corridor’s construction is temporary and non-renewable. . Property Value & Urban Renewal? • Loss of remaining property value along elevated route . http://epd. Power supply system High Voltage Substation For the whole line. The electricity management plan during construction will be given by LESCO at the time of relocation of concerned poles in respective areas.T Station and Shahnoor Station.Energy Consumption: The train will run on the existing energy grid of Lahore.E.pdf . which are located nearby U. Each high voltage substation is connected to 132kV power supply from the upstream local substation Dedicated power supply of around 80 MW capacity has to be derived from existing grid station system of LESCO.punjab. two high voltage substations are designed.gov.pk/system/files/Section-3-Project%20Description. http://energy. In Punjab. at present.gov.pk/ . Punjab with 68% of the consumption of generated power and gas is worst affected and has to endure both power and gas load shedding with adverse social and economic consequences.punjab.LOAD SHEDDING IN LAHORE: 6-12 HOURS/DAY Pakistan has been facing substantial shortages in the power sector and the province of Punjab is no exception. there is a demand- supply gap of about 4000 MW which is increasing at a rate of 6% per annum. Security, Privacy & OLMT: • 25.4 km of the track is elevated at a height of a 2.5-6 story building. The track is at points very close to buildings on either side • 250,000 passengers will be able to see into 100,000s of homes • Current Security measures will be rendered ineffective. • Churches, mosques, schools, hospitals and public buildings will be vulnerable to terrorist attack Lahore Metro Cost/km = $61.9million (2015-17) Rio de Janeiro Metro Cost/ Km = $31.1 million (2015) Source: Transport Development in Asian Megacities, Shigeru Morichi, Surya Raj Acharya editors, Springer Books, 2013) THE LARGER QUESTION: WATER + SANITATION/ EDUCATION VS. ALLOCATED FUNDING FOR TRANSPORT & ROADS + TRANSPORT SUBSIDIES 2015-16 PUNJAB'S DEVELOPMENT BUDGET FOR 2015- 16: Education $0.55B including School Education, Higher Education, Special Education, Literacy, Sports and Youth Affairs. Water Supply and Sanitation- Punjab development budget for 2015-2016 is $0.24B 25.6% of Pakistan has access to clean drinking water. 113/124: Pakistan’s current standing on the Human Capital Index due to poor performance on educational outcomes. (Human Capital Report 2015, World Economic Forum) Development budget for Roads and Transport (not including most Orange train related costs) is $0.92B this year alone. TRANSPORT & ROADS + BUILDINGS+ TRANSPORT SUBSIDIES Punjab Developmet Plan 2015-16 (Rs Billions) Education.61 .564 Health & Family Orange Metro Line Planning. 28.03 Development. 166. 95.725 Water Supply & Loan.4 Sanitation. 30. 0.33 Livestock. 10. 55. Public Building & Urban Transport. 5.725 Roads. 24 Industries.106 Labor & HR.065 Agriculture . 7.THE LARGER QUESTION: WATER + SANITATION + EDUCATION + HEALTH + LABOR + AGRICULTURE + LIVESTOCK + INDUSTRY VS. Total Estimated Cost of Current Metro Project = Unknown NORINCO Technical Proposal forms the basis for the OLMT Project.Financial Wastefulness: Two Transport studies conducted by JICA reportedly cost between $9M and $1B between 2006-2008 Previous LRMTS Metro Proposal Vs. Orange line estimated cost 2006 = $1.75bn + Total Cost for Green. Purple + Blue Lines 2006 = $6billlion. Current Metro Project: Used tunnel technology and elevated tracks to minimize physical impact on ground. Timeline for completion Metro network = Unknown. Not the JICA study. Time line for completion for whole network (from 2005): 15-25 years. . Orange. NESPAK. Punjab Metrobus Authority. TEPA. the threat to heritage sites and the environment. detailed plans. Approved by Housing. the EIA report.LACK OF INDEPENDENT OVERSIGHT Public Hearing in June 2015. Not disclosed. P and D dept . Urban Development & Public Health Engineering Department (HUD & PHED)- . the same company hired as consultants to monitor the build. The PC1 was also prepared by NESPAK. Checked and Approved by General Manager Operations. exact land to be acquired. Concerns were raised about land acquisition. The exact route. none were sufficiently addressed. and the current DG archaeology have been asked for information/public documents in writing no information has been forthcoming The EIA was prepared by NESPAK. the Lahore Commissioner. 3 sections of the EIA were placed on line by the GOPb only The LDA. INFORMED AND LAWFUL MANNER . CONDUCT A FULL PUBLIC REVIEW OF THE PROJECT CONSULT STAKEHOLDERS ESPECIALLY THOSE DIRECTLY AFFECTED. PROCEED IN A MORE DEMOCRATIC.DDEMANDS: STOP CONSTRUCTION IMMEDIATELY. establish bus lanes. TBM spread over decades will not put a huge pressure on the economy as this is doing. it is still being built. . London Underground started being built in the 19th century. These cover much of the route of the Orange and Purple Lines Widen pavements not roads For long term planning (next 25-100 years). cycle lanes. High taxation on private cars will relieve traffic and pollution Revitalize and refurbish the existing North South alignment Railway Tracks. Use the existing tracks for commuter traffic. use Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) with specific focus on heritage and human costs with regards to station exit entry positions.VIABLE ALTERNATIVES Increase buses on grade on existing roads.