METRIC STANDARDS for Worldwide Manufacturing Summaries

March 26, 2018 | Author: cicero220358 | Category: International Organization For Standardization, Standardization, International Electrotechnical Commission, International System Of Units, Committee
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METRIC STANDARDS FOR WORLDWIDE MANUFACTURING By Knut O. Kverneland 2012 Edition GO metricUSATM.org, Inc., Statesville, North Carolina, USA 1978-2012 2 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kverneland Knut O., 1937METRIC STANDARDS for Worldwide Manufacturing / by Knut O. Kverneland. Includes indexes. ISBN 0-9744477-7-3 (e-book) 1. Manufacturers – Standards. 2. Metric System. 3. Standards, Engineering The ISO material included in this publication is copyrighted by the International Organization for Standardization (International Organization for Standardization (ISO)) and is reproduced with permission of the American National Standards Institute on behalf of ISO. No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in any form, electronic retrieval system or otherwise or made available on the Internet a public network, by satellite or otherwise without the prior written consent of the American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036. Tables and figures where a standards reference or a company abbreviation is shown in parenthesis have been reprinted with the permission of the organization that hold the copyright of the works cited. All standards identified by an ANSI number are reproduced with the permission by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). ASTM standards are reproduced with the permission by the American Society for Testing and Materials. For a complete list of copyright holding organizations or companies see Acknowledgements and Table 1-1 for their addresses. 3 and as an American. Quite apart from the USA government’s pro-metric stance. for short-derived from its French title. many in my own home country. SI Units and Recommendations for the Use of Their Multiples and of Certain Other Units. It has been decided that all Federal orders to industry from now on shall be given in metric units. There are. 16 mm. which ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is responsible for maintaining. watt. etc. 35 mm. to be invited to provide the Foreword for this second edition of Knut O. All certificates from NIST. Lawrence D. I dare to hope. even in the USA For example. ISO 31 is the work of ISO Technical Committee ISO/TC 12. in my lifetime! It is a particular pleasure for me. deprives them of the greatest freedom of choice. which consist of 14 separate parts. ohm. been given only in SI units. the volume of world trade has increased more rapidly than that of world production. the National Institute for Standards and Technology. from shopping at the supermarket to exporting goods worldwide. It is not only an important standard in itself. have also. ISO 1000. dimensions for film have always been metric: 8 mm. the USA is being forced by market pressure to change. The SI is contained in the International Standard ISO 31.FOREWORD ISO Metric Standards: A Key to World Trade There is an old and wise saying. the SI units such as ampere. Quantities and Units. have been used since the beginning of this country. would be very haphazard affair indeed. Eicher Former ISO Secretary-General 4 . for many years now.” This is certainly true for standard quantities and units. it contributes to a common basis for the international exchange of goods. Most industrialized countries have long recognized the necessity. In nearly every year since the end of the Second World War. Conversion Factors. Units. the International System of Units (SI. “No standards-no trade. and technological know-how. but it also serves as a basis and guideline for many other International Standards. Thus. Without consensus on these. Système international d’unités). Pressure will also increase from American clients as the presence of incompatible systems denies them the possibility to mix and match products. as well as promoting common understanding in the scientific and engineering communities worldwide. or ties them to one supplier because they cannot integrate new equipment with what they already have. the USA. Symbols. Like ISO’s International Standards. and advantage. In industry outside electro-technology is also going metric step by step rather than inch by inch. are still dragging behind. trade. Dr. which has also produced the accompanying standard. however certain sectors which have been completely metric. The reasons for aligning with the international consensus for worldwide use of the SI system become even more compelling as the relative importance of trade over production continues to grow. services. etc. In electro-technology. Kverneland’s book. as ISO Secretary-General. of adopting the metric system of measurement-or to give it its official title. and one for the rest of the world. More than 20 years after most of the industrialized world has gone over to metric measurements. volt. The pressure is coming from American exporters who have to bear the expense of incorporating two systems of basic measurements into their offering: one for the home market.. Quantities. even in the USA All specifications for the defense industry have long been in metric units. it is certain that the largest industrial nation will eventually become metric-maybe. Kverneland is to be commended for his dedication to this project. Massey Ferguson’s need for world metric standards information was apparent. Roy P. In this capacity. It was this work which prompted him to undertake writing of this book. A native of Norway. Mr. Mr. Mr. It should prove to be a valuable reference volume as well in other English speaking countries which are in the midst of or are completing the transition to the metric system. Although many standards-developing groups use dual measurement notation. which provided him with ready access to the computer and to standards data accumulated in its many manufacturing operations around the world. The author joined Massey Ferguson in 1966 as a design engineer. Kverneland received his early education in that country and graduated with a Masters of Science in Mechanical Engineering from the Technical University of Hanover. and a well-deserved vote of thanks must be given to Massey Ferguson for the management support it provided the author in this undertaking. Mr. and has risen through consecutive positions as Engineering Analyst and Standards Engineer until being appointed to the position of Supervisor of Standards. Mr. and Chairman of the American National Standards Committee B4 on Standards for Limits and Fits. as well as those of industrialized nations which are already on the metric system. Mr. He was a member of the Society of Automotive Engineers. Germany. Trowbridge Past Director. they will be using the standards of ISO and IEC. American National Standards Institute 5 . Kverneland’s book is most timely for the USA and Canada. As references in their work. Kverneland also maintains a heavy outside professional commitment. In 1972 and 1973. Kverneland participated as a member of an ad hoc metric study committee of the SAE Off-Road Vehicle Council. Knut O. He has been fully conversant with the metric measurement units since childhood and is completely familiar with their use in engineering. The book will also be a valuable tool in guiding the many technical committees and subcommittees which will be working on the new metric American National Standards. Kverneland was responsible for Massey Ferguson’s North American standards. Because of its international manufacturing operations.INTRODUCTION The publication of Knut O. USA technical committees are now coming to grips with the problem of developing metric-based standards. USA customary system. National standards having a metric base have been virtually unknown in the USA. Kverneland was thus aided in his SAE committee work by the high degree of interest of his company’s management. Kverneland’s METRIC STANDARDS for Worldwide Manufacturing will provide a very useful bridge for those engineers who are required to develop components to metric specifications in advance of availability of applicable American National Standards. the standard sizing and rating practices are still based on the conventional inchpound-gallon. Director of the Detroit Section of the Standards Engineering Society. Engineering Standards General Motors Corporation Past President. He also served on the engineering standards evaluation and promotion subcommittee of the group. and inspection. The proposed drafts ANSI B32.kok. Use the METRIC STANDARDS for Worldwide Manufacturing latest book edition to find ways to cut costs and to increase export of manufactured Products from the company you work for. new cutting tools.org> at ANSI for quotes. and Hexagonal Metal Products. This will help companies reduce the cost of metric training and implementation. This is where tremendously rewarding opportunities come into play. Data from the new ANSI B18. They are therefore well suited for global design.100-2005 on Preferred Metric Sizes for Flat.PREFACE The change to the metric system offers North American manufacturing unique opportunities to introduce new thinking to the old ways products were made. and Hexagonal Metal Products. preferred metric tolerances for holes (4) and shafts (4). in providing a foundation for this volume. It is now up to the reader to make the rationalized selection of standard parts and components listed in this book that will return the most benefits. where it has saved industry there millions. The ISO standard reflects available GO NOGO gages now in use throughout EU. Knut O Kverneland 6 . This public service feature help educate Americans on the correct use of the global metric system. and the ANSI B4. this volume is also one of the most powerful rationalization tools available (see Table 4-1). All these material standards reflect existing ISO standards for nominal sizes and tolerances. coupled with the preferred metric sizes. etc. and ANSI B32. Among other things.5M-2009 12-Point Flange Screws replaced the 12-Spline version. 11 or less threaded fastener sizes may be selected to replace more than 50 sizes used in the old systems (see Table 8-1). This highly integrated ISO tolerance system has been in use in the European continent for 60 years.and Channel Sections. new material stock sizes. A large number of updates have also been made in all chapters of the new edition. Rectangular. “BUY AMERICAN. PREFACE to the 2007 edition: Data from the new standard for Metric Continuous and Double End Studs ANSI B18. Multiply the number of unique fastener sizes that can be eliminated by several thousand dollars each (automotive actual savings).4M has been withdrawn. Square. and will help create USA manufacturing jobs.and Wide Flange-Beams Structural Steel are also referenced and they are pending approvals. The selection of metric material and components must be based on existing international and national metric standards..com/. new gages. Round. which together produce the majority of the worlds products. and Rectangular Tubular Metal Products Other Than Pipe.2. manufacturing and engineering. Contact Rosemary Maginniss <RMAGINNI@ansi. For example. manufacturing and marketing. Several companies now make the electronic version of the METRIC STANDARDS for Worldwide Manufacturing book available on their Intranet. and the preferred fits (10) (see Table 6-1). engineering. Round. and the total dollar savings for your company can very well become quite impressive.100-2005 on Preferred Metric Sizes for Flat. PREFACE to the 2006 edition: Chapter 2 International System of Measuring Units (SI) and Chapter 17 Conversion Factors and Program are now made available free of charge from the web site http://www. T. is another powerful tool available to you. The metric system requires new fastener sizes. Square. Square.31-2005 was added to Chapter 9 and the tables in Chapter 11 now have the preference ratings specified in the American National Standards ANSI B32. IPN. to be used in production. The preferred numbering system.300-200X Preferred Metric Sizes for Equal and Unequal Leg Angles. Therefore. of dollars in reduced costs in manufacturing. PREFACE to the 2012 edition: Chapter 7 is completely replaced by material from the ISO 1938-1: 2012 standard. purchasing. Rectangular. if not billions.” PREFACE to the 2005 edition: Chapter 10 on Steel Material Data and Chapter 11 on Nonferrous Material show data from the recently released American National Standards ANSI B32. The latest national and international standards references are shown in this edition as well as new links to national and international standard documentations sources. the author has compared standards in the eight largest industrial countries of the world.200-200X Preferred Metric Sizes for Round. It also makes the top quality METRIC STANDARDS material immediately available throughout the organization in marketing. The motto the author supports is “SELL AMERICAN” rather than the negative promotion we frequently hear. Standards Engineer Major American Contributing Organizations1 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Industrial Fastener Institute (IFI) Other Contributing American Organizations1 American Gear Manufacturing Association (AGMA) American National Metric Council (ANMC) American Society for Quality (ASQ) American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) American Bearing Manufacturers Association (ABMA) Cemented Carbide Producers Association (CCPA) Institute of Electrical and Electronics (IEEE) Rubber Manufacturers Association (RMA) Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) 1 Contributing International and National Standards Organizations British Standards Institute (BSI) Committee of the Russian Federation for Standardizations (GOST R) European Committee for Standardization (CEN) 1 Addresses of the organizations listed are shown in Chapter 1 Table 1-1.org. Trowbridge. In addition. Eicher.ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The completion of the large project of writing the first edition of this book was possible only because of the extensive cooperation of top management people within the Massey Ferguson organization. The author. Secretary-General of ISO (International Organization for Standardization). during the initial planning stages of the first edition of this book. former president of the American National Standards Institute who. his former employer. USA Massey Ferguson Inc. German Standards Organization (DIN) French Standards Organization (AFNOR) Italian Standards Organization (UNI) International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Japanese Industrial Standards Committee (JISC) Standards Australia International (SAI) Standards Council of Canada (SCC) 7 . Countless hours have been spent typing and updating the manuscript. Manager (Former Supervisor). therefore. I would like to extend special thanks to the family of the late Dr. wishes to express his appreciation to Massey Ferguson. Without Massey Ferguson worldwide resources. for its encouragement and exceptional support in enabling him to undertake and complete the first edition of this volume. ASME Press. Standards engineers. who has expressed his views in the foreword.org. The author wishes to express his sincere appreciation to the following individuals and organizations: GO metricUSATM. have provided substantial input to this publication in the form of national standards information and other data. Roy P. North Carolina.. Statesville. Detroit. USA E. My sincerest thanks also to Mr. J. working for this multi-national company throughout the world. The third electronic edition has been completed with the help of my own resources through the company GO metricUSATM. W. My sincere thanks to the publisher of the second edition of my book. and without the company’s generous backing in stenographic assistance. J. Flewelling. Inc. without access to the company’s computer capabilities. for which I am most grateful.. Lawrence D. Inc. Michigan. the ISO Central Secretariat in Geneva has helped update several chapters of this book. the time required for researching and preparing this manuscript would have been many times greater. that had the vision to take on this large project and to grant me permission to publish the following electronic editions. Carson. visualized the need for such a publication and gave the author encouragement and support. USA TAG ISO/TC2 Chapter 10 E. Erickson – Past Chief Engineer. Morgan – Past Chairman. VR/Wesson Company Chapter 16 Donald Marquardt – ISO/TC176 Ad Hoc Task Force Maureen Breitenberg – USA Department of Commerce. G.Past Chairman. G Looft – Past USA Delegate. Vice Chairman. ISO/TC4 SC9. Honeywell Inc. W. C. Ford Motor Company. B. C. F. Foster-Vice Chairman ANSI Y14. USA Technical Advisory Group (TAG). Litton Industries W. ISO Central Secretariat. Baumgartner . L. ISO David Zimmerman – Interim Secretary. SKF Industries. National Fluid Power Association Chapter 15 W. R. ISO/TC4 SC7. Inc R. Briggs .Past Chairman. Illinois/Eclipse. USA National Committee of the International Electro-technical Commission. ANSI B92. Dehart – Past USA Observer. ANSI B1. I.5. REXNORD Chapter 13 B. Standard Pressed Steel Company Chapter 9 R. Chairman. A. Reece – Past USA Delegate. NIST Roger Frost – Press and Communication Manager. Hull – Past Chief Engineer. McAdams-Past President. The Timken Company A. Cutting Tool Research. Kupchak – Past Chairman. ANSI B94. USA TAG ISO/TC131.Contributing Individuals and their Organizations Chapter 1 Anke Varcin-Head of Promotion and Press Services. Geneva W.Past Chairman. Massey Ferguson Inc Chapter 8 T. W. V. ISO/Technical Committee (TC) 57.Quality Management and Quality Assurance 8 . ANSI B32. D. Westinghouse Electric Corporation Japanese Standards Association. Assistant Chief Engineer. K.Computer Program Consultant. O. Director. John Deere Waterloo Tractor Works Chapter 14 J. Moyer – Past USA Delegate . W. Given – Past Director. The Louis Allis Company. Chapter 5 R. S. Massey Ferguson Inc F. Ltd. Jenninck – Past Assistant Chief Engineer. Japan Iron and Steel Exporters’ Association German Steel Trade Association – VDEH Chapter 12 P. ISO/TC123. General Motors Corporation Chapter 6 F. The Torrington Company C. Lenz . Berry – Member. The Gates Rubber Company Dr. Materials. H. Domzal – Past Senior Project Engineer. Inc J. Cummins – Past Manager. Manager of Engineering. General Motors Corporation W. Stock Drive Products G. ISO/TC176 . Executive Vice President. Michalec – Author and Professor C. USA TAG ISO/TC62. Belford . A Division of Illinois Tool Works. General Electric Company Chapter 3 PERA Training Charts. ISO/TC32. Buchsbaum – Past President. A. A. and the Metric and Multistandard Components Corporation. sales of standards are transacted through the national standardizing body for the particular country. the publication of METRIC STANDARDS for Worldwide Manufacturing . Detroit. New York. Colorado. Finally.org.. Detroit. Gates Rubber Company. Inc. the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). Brentwood. Outside of the United States. Knut O. Denver. . The author also wishes to express his sincere appreciation to the referenced organizations for granting permission to use their tables. the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). North Carolina. American National Standards. Philadelphia. Ford Motor Company. In the United States. Kverneland 9 . or tables: the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). Ltd. Pennsylvania.. figures and standards in this publication. Without their comprehensive support. figures. would not have been possible.Special Courtesy Note to Contributing Standards Bodies and Companies Tables and figures where a standards reference or a company abbreviation is shown in parenthesis have been reprinted with the permission of the organization that hold the copyright of the works cited. New Hyde Park. Essex. United Kingdom. Michigan. New York. Please always refer to the most recent edition of the referenced standards. with its extensive standards material. Statesville. and GO metricUSATM. Tables and figures without any reference have been reproduced courtesy Massey Ferguson Inc. and Industrial Fastener Institute (IFI). Michigan. Stock Drive Products. New York. Special thanks go to the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). NY. and national standards of other countries may be obtained from the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Chrysler Corporation. International Standards. Hawthorne. the author’s sincere gratitude is extended to the following organizations and companies for granting permission to republish their standards. Tolerances and Deviations 90 Chapter 7 The ISO System of Limits and Fits – Inspection of Workpieces 129 Chapter 8 Screw Threads 156 Chapter 9 Fasteners 196 Chapter 10 Steel Material Data 362 Chapter 11 Nonferrous Material 540 Chapter 12 Bearings 570 Chapter 13 Mechanical Power Transmission Systems 597 Chapter 14 Fluid Power Systems and Components 656 10 .CONTENTS Foreword Introduction Preface Acknowledgements 3 4 5 6 Chapter 1 World Standards Organizations 11 Chapter 2 The International System of Measuring Units (SI) 29 Chapter 3 Engineering Drawing Practice 46 Chapter 4 Preferred Numbers 75 Chapter 5 Surface Texture 82 Chapter 6 The ISO System of Limits and Fits . Chapter 15 Manufacturing Engineering 683 Chapter 16 Quality and Environmental Management System (ISO 9000 and ISO 14000) 749 Chapter 17 Conversion Factors and Program 772 General Index 786 ANSI Index 792 ISO Index 794 11 . were among the first to be developed. length. Preferred Numbers. often for the measure of quantity. Many systems were developed over the years. PRESENT. Key standards groupings with links to ISO search engines are shown in Tables 1-2 and 1-3. standard prefixes. 12 . or vice versa. A need for standards to control such simple parts as fasteners evolved.Chapter 1 World Standards Organizations SUMMARY International standards are herein listed and compared to major industrial (63% of global GDP) national standards throughout this book (see Fig. based on both measuring systems. and related ISO and national standards are shown with hyperlinks to the standards organizations at the end of each chapter. value. National and international standards were developed. Before the invention of the metric system. The basis for most standards is a uniform unit of measure to check mass. the conversion of testing and material specifications. In order to use available expertise in a central location. This obviously generates additional costs in the conversion of drawings. A strong emphasis on cost savings and rationalization of parts and material has been stressed. 1-1 PARTIAL ISO MEMBERSHIP STRUCTURE METRIC AND INCH STANDARDS An increasing number of multinational corporations and their local suppliers operating with two systems of measures and standards have found expenses to be continually increasing. one machine might be designed in an “inch” nation. Since 1875. a number of inch systems were used throughout the world. weight. one of which is commonly known as the customary inch system. time. such as fasteners. 1-1). AND FUTURE By definition. which was constituted following the Metric Convention signed in Paris that same year. and the original metric system was developed in France after the French Revolution. WORLD STANDARDS ORGANIZATIONS MEMBER COUNTRIES LISTED IN ORDER OF GNP ANSI JISC DIN AFNOR BSI UNI SCC SAA USA Japan Germany France UK Italy Canada Australia FIG. etc. hereby making them industrially interchangeable. provides detailed descriptions of the best tools to help rationalize metric sizes and products. This made the worldwide interchangeability of simple standard components. name and addresses as well as email and telephone numbers to a number of important national and international standards sources are shown in Table 1-1. Acronyms. used in determining the weight of silver and gold pieces for the exchange of goods. During the industrialization period. all international matters concerning the metric system have been the responsibility of the Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures (CGPM). volume. The demand for company and trade organization standards grew apace with the formation of larger plants and the wider distribution of manufactured products. and other physical quantities. manufacturing plants developed and became more and more specialized. standards are rules set up and established by authority. impossible. extent. American National Standards for metric products are the basis for all tables in this publication when available. Monetary standards. only to be produced later in a “metric” country. however. ROLE OF STANDARDIZATION: PAST. ISO Members Worldwide list provide contact information for standards organization in each country. substitutions of standard steel sizes and fasteners. Chapter 4. or quality. Pertinent global ISO (International Organization for Standardization) standard numbers are shown for each product. Today. allow free flow of goods to and from EU meeting the ISO standards. Information on the various designations is given at the website http://www. 13 . the countries of Eastern Europe have become increasingly active in the development of international standards. See ISO in Figures.9 months. One result is the adoption of many ISO and IEC standards by the developing countries. the total requirement for national and international standards is on the order of 15 000. The ISO references given at the end of each chapter describe the current status of the standard. for simplicity the author refers to all ISO publications in the text of this book as “standards. However. allow free flow of goods among the EU countries. which is the case in the USA. The EU (European Union) has been in existence for a few years now.” designating a particular document as “ISO…” followed by the appropriate identification number. in which case it would be officially designated by “ISO/R…” preceding the appropriate identification number. The WTO urges governments to make maximum use of International Standards to prevent unnecessary obstacles to the free flow of goods. A further 9000 drafts and proposals are in preparation. therefore. BS EN ISO 898-1 (United Kingdom). 25 West 43rd Street. and 2. This also is happening within many of the social and economic programs of the UN. half of which have been published only in the last ten years. ISO standards adopted as EN standards are put into effect with a minimum effort on the part of EU. which is trying to develop uniform standards for the Latin-American Free Trade Association. which is supported by more than 120 countries. some of the present national standards will become company standards. For example. the Pan American Standards Commission. as is the case in socialist countries. the actual status of a particular ISO document might be: (a) Recommendation. The time required to develop a standard in the Technical Committee has been reduced from an average of 76. there is an accompanying demand for new standards that have never existed at a national level.8 months to 52. only 100 ISO Recommendations were published in the 1950s. and they have published a large number of European Standards identified by the prefix EN (European Norm)1 Approximately 41% of these standards conform to an existing ISO or IEC standard on the subject. and around 1250 new projects are added annually. This number is also suggested if all national standards were to be replaced by ISO standards. (“ISO/DIS…”). Another factor in the use of international standards is the increasing number of international cooperation programs.”) Other suggest that in the future. ISO 898-1 on Mechanical Properties of Fasteners is now identified within EU as: DIN EN ISO 898-1 (Germany). NF EN ISO 898-1 (France). or. 1 Norm means standard in English. A prime example is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).2 months to 7.ISO METRIC STANDARDS – THE KEY TO WORLD TRADE The WTO (World Trade Organization). as industries merge and multinational companies further develop. German. there are over 16 000 ISO standards.org or in ISO catalogs and supplements available from: American National Standards Institute. The scope for new international standards is. 2 Since ISO documents are constantly being upgraded. 4th Floor. The central Secretariat has reduced the processing time for a proposed standard from 10. but there will always be a demand for some national standards to cater to specific local needs. and UNI EN ISO 898-1 (Italy). and two important goals are met such as: 1.2 As an example. has now agreed to use the ISO and IEC standards wherever possible.5 months. The ISO target is to reduce standards development to three years from start to finish by the end of 1996. (b) Draft International Standards. It has been suggested that in a highly industrialized society. and French ACCELERATING PACE IN PUBLICATION OF ISO STANDARDS The above-mentioned factors have accelerated the speed with which ISO develops international standards. and other world organizations. For example. which has been ordering a great deal of its equipment in terms of ISO and IEC standards. recent experience indicates that as new technologies emerge. yet approximately 1400 international standards agreements were reached in the following decade. now replaces the GATT (General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs) with the result being a considerable strengthening of its standards codes. in which case the initials “ISO” followed by the identification number is the appropriate designation. apparently they are using them as the basis for trade in that region and in opening trade channels with the rest of the world as well. Regional trade agreements and related activities in other parts of the world are similarly leading to greater use of international standards. (When more than that number is found in a single country. or a maximum of 20 000. what could be called “company standards” are listed as “national standards.iso. Also. there is usually some duplication and overlapping. (c) An officially adopted international standard. However. New York NY 10036 . increasing continuously. How many international standards are needed is a matter of opinion. and should be understood equally to cover. aimed at the achievement of the optimum degree of order in a given context NOTES: 1.A VISION OF THE FUTURE Since 1986. for example. provisions for common and repeated use. standardization may also take place on a branch or sectoral basis (e. based on the relevant consolidated findings of science.activity of establishing. field of standardization — (deprecated: domain of standardization) — group of related subjects of standardization NOTE: Engineering. The following are the excerpts from the ISO/IEC Guide 2: 1991. 2. method. and the former USSR. any material. agriculture. THE ISO/IEC AD HOC GROUP ON LONG-RANGE PLANNING (LRPG) This is a new group of individuals nominated by the ISO and IEC members for Canada. USA. level of standardization — geographical. political. with regard to actual or potential problems. or economic extent of involvement in standardization international standardization — standardization in which involvement is open to relevant bodies from all countries regional standardization — standardization in which involvement is open to relevant bodies from countries from only one geographical. Important benefits of standardization are improvement of the suitability of products. sizes and durability criteria could be standardized separately. In 1987. and services. in the case of shoes.. subject of standardization — topic to be standardized NOTES: 1. state of the art — developed stage of technical capability at a given time as regards products. if prepared with the cooperation of concerned interests by consultation and consensus procedures. quantities. function. and experience acknowledged rule of technology — technical provision acknowledged by a majority of representative experts as reflecting the state of the art NOTE: A normative document on a technical subject. workshops. could be regarded as fields of standardization. procedure. approval was given to establish two important new groups for this purpose. is presumed to constitute an acknowledged rule of technology at the time of its approval. political. protocol. component. and in individual factories.g. equipment. technology. Standardization. system. processes. and the results of their efforts are presented in the publication A Vision for the Future. and facilitation of technological cooperation. For example. for example. and offices. at association and company levels in industry. In particular. the activity consists of the processes of formulating. The group undertook the task of forecasting future needs for international standardization in specific sectors. interface. transport. the leadership of ISO and IEC has placed increasing importance on the necessity to understand and respond effectively to new needs for international standards. and their consequential impact on the demand for global standardization. UK. ministries). France. 14 . at local levels. ISO DEFINITION OF STANDARDIZATION AND STANDARD The definition of standardization and standard differ in the many publications on the subject. Japan. issuing and implementing standards 2. prevention of barriers to trade. or economic area of the world national standardization — standardization that takes place at the level of one specific country provincial standardization — standardization that takes place at the level of a territorial division of a country NOTE: Within a country or a territorial division of a country. The expression “product.Standards Need for Emerging Technologies. or activity. These two groups have worked interactively since they started operating in 1988. THE ISO/IEC PRESIDENTS’ ADVISORY BOARD ON TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS (ABTT) This is a group of top-level industrial and technology policy leaders invited by the two Presidents to advise ISO and IEC on global trends in technology and industrial development. Standardization may be limited to particular aspects of any subject. and services for their intended purposes. and Units. processes.General Terms and Their Definitions Concerning Standardization and Related Activities. process or service” has been adopted throughout to encompass the subject of standardization in a broad sense. facilitate and economize the procurement of purchased goods (b) Meet the demands of the marketplace. It is not sufficient to study only the internal circumstances. In such a case. components. it appears that a standard cannot often be a completely prepared in one or the other of these two methods. stay within safety regulations set forth by governments 3. characterized by the absence of sustained opposition to substantial issues by any important part of the concerned interests and by a process that involves seeking to take into account the views of all parties concerned and to reconcile any conflicting arguments NOTE: Consensus need not imply unanimity. etc. and semi-finished products 3. conform to regulations imposed by governments and trade organizations 2. the task of standardization will be to create order out of chaos through variety-reduction. and it is important to engage in standardization at an early stage. The quintessence of the standardization technique should be to utilize the basic material. they should always play an important role in any conservative standardization work. A certain type of regularly recurrent part may. facilitate interchangeability requirements with existing products DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARDS The Conditions for a Standard. when the aim is to: 1. It must also be understood that. at least to the extent of working out an experimental standard of a temporary nature. the company is dependent on such external factors as the suppliers’ stocks of products. forms. When there is a question of working out a standard. the customers’ wishes. these are as follows.. Waiting for the right moment to begin a particular standardization is most important. minimize the number of different products sold 5. size standardization. etc. governmental requirements. It would be foolish to create a unique new metric standard without first considering some existing European metric standards. etc. the rules. the conditions must first be analyzed before actual technical standardization work can be carried out. be used in many products in functionally equivalent.consensus — general agreement. The basic material could be comprised of such items as: • • • • • former company standards vendor catalogs national and international standards requirements of the company’s customers competitors’ material Increasingly important are the national and international standards in existence on the subject. with regard to standards. semi-finished products and finished products 4. when the objective is to: 1. A more detailed description of the objectives is as follows: (a) Lower the production costs. and the aids available. IMPORTANT OBJECTIVES OF STANDARDIZATION A primary purpose of standardization is to manufacture goods for less direct and indirect incurred costs and to adapt the finished products to the demands of the marketplace. production. facilitate and systematize the skilled work of designing 2. ensure optimum selection of materials. Lack of a standard is more often the condition. An investigation should be made as to whether an intended standard could possibly impede any technical development already under way. on existing practice In practice. analytical standardization — standard developed from scratch conservative standardization — standard based. but emerges from a compromise between the two. as far as possible. reduce stocks of materials. but constructionally different. in such way that a valid and practical compromise solution is reached. existing standards. Preparatory analysis must be as comprehensive as possible and must take into account both technical and economic conditions. 15 . STANDARDIZATION TECHNIQUES Two basic principles for the preparation of a standard are commonly used. The work should be started as soon as the possibilities of direct cost savings in purchasing. for example. the production program of competitors. and indirect cost savings in engineers’ time can be established. inventory. while a company standard prepared after the conservative principle might be based directly on the applicable international standard. delegates from 25 countries decided to create a new international organization “the object of which would be to facilitate the international coordination and unification of industrial standards. began to function officially on February 23. ISO. The objective of ISO is to promote the development of standardization and related activities in the world with a view to facilitating international exchange of goods and services. the number of correspondent members was 37. technological. and the scientific community. the committee determines its own program of work. Its technical work is carried out through 2940 technical bodies utilizing more than 30 000 experts. The results of ISO technical work are published as International Standards. governments worldwide. Within this scope. are eligible for Council membership. scientific. A listing of acronyms and addresses for standards organizations is found in Table 1-1. a substantial increase in worldwide productivity can be visualized. The designer should. and have seats in the General Assembly. While some attempts were made in the 1930s to develop international standards in other technical fields. The scope of ISO covers standardization in all fields except electrical and electronic engineering standards. ISO/IEC JTC I 16 . use internationally standardized parts and components. They may attend the General Assembly as observers. the number of member bodies was 94. By January 2003. A more recent trend in international standardization is to draft a new standard directly when a need for it has been established. Nearly all the present correspondent members are governmental institutions. This would result in an increase of the demand for the standard sizes and a decrease in manufacturing costs for the parts. Correspondent members do not take an active part in the technical work. it was not until ISO was created that an international standards organization devoted to standardization as a whole came into existence. users (including consumers). With the above principle applied to the increasing world flow of material and products. ISO brings together the interests of producers. The remainder have close links with the public administration in their own countries. but are entitled to be kept fully informed about the work of interest to them.” It follows that only one such body for each country is accepted for membership in ISO. A correspondent member is normally an organization in a developing country which does not yet have its own national standards body. whenever possible. and economic activity. resulting in the publication of 14 000 ISO standards. Work in the field of information technology is carried out through a joint ISO/IEC technical committee. Origin International standardization started in the electro-technical field some 90 years ago. in the preparation of International Standards. A new international standard generated by applying the analytical principle follows the organization levels in a numerical order. By January 2003.NORMAL DEVELOPMENT LEVELS OF A STANDARD The most common standardization levels are: • • • • • company standard professional society or trade standard national standard regional standard international standard The normal path through which a standard must pass in the developmental stages depends on the organization level and the standardization technique applied. Technical Work The technical work of ISO is carried out through technical committees (TC). Member bodies are entitled to participate and exercise full voting rights on any technical committee of ISO. More than 70% of the ISO member bodies are governmental institutions or organizations incorporated by public law. Members A member body of ISO is the national body “most representative of standardization in its country. Following a meeting in London in 1946. STANDARDS ORGANIZATIONS INTERNATIONAL LEVEL ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies. USER ACCEPTANCE OF STANDARDS The development cycle of the standards is completed when the user applies the standards in his or her work. 1947. which are the responsibility of the International Electro-technical Commission (IEC).” The new organization. and to developing cooperation in the sphere of intellectual. The decision to establish a technical committee is taken by the ISO Technical Management Board which also approves ISO scope. at present comprising 146 members. first draft. draft international standard (DIS) — a committee draft which has received substantial support from the participating members of the technical committee and is transmitted to the Central Secretariat for registration. as follows (a) When the required support cannot be obtained for a DIS to pass the approval stage. 550 subcommittees. Since the resources are limited. but it is automatically disbanded on completion of its task. Technical reports of types (a) and (b) are subject to review not later than three years after their publication. To ensure coordination of work in all matters of common interest. the committee may decide that the publication of a technical report would be appropriate. This is then circulated to the P-members and all the other Member Bodies for final letter ballot. the committee may decide. The aim of such a review is to reexamine the situation. EVOLUTION OF AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Prior to July 1971. A technical report of type (b) may be used for “pre-standardization” purposes. to be known as a “Technical Report. i. A given subject may undergo several successive committee drafts. establish subcommittees (SC) and working groups (WG) to cover different aspects of its work. Additional revenue. as international standards. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been authorized has the right to be represented on that committee. Each technical committee or sub-committee has a secretariat. The decision to publish the technical report requires a simple majority vote of the Pmembers of the committee. to achieve the agreement necessary for the publication of an international standard to replace the technical report. by the Technical Board on behalf of Council. ad-hoc working group — a group that may be formed to deal with a matter on which it is required to report to the parent committee at the same meeting in which it is formed. is gained from the sale of international standards and other publications. For each working group. there were 188 technical committees. data obtained from a survey carried out among the national bodies. subsequently. the procedure had never been invoked. all new proposals are submitted for consideration by the ISO member bodies. established in 1987 by the ISO and IEC Councils. a decision was made to publish all ISO draft Recommendations as draft international standards and. subjects proposed and approved by ISO were known as “ISO Recommendations. by a simple majority vote of its P-members. The descriptions which follow reflect current terminology. or a new technical committee will be established. 2175 working groups. priorities must be considered. in turn. A proposal to begin work in a new field of technical activity normally comes from within ISO itself. for example. At the same time a new category of document. but it may also originate from some other international organization. a convener is appointed by the parent committee. and if possible. and in the case of subcommittees. The group may function between meetings of the parent committee. the committee may decide. In mid-1971. If accepted. assigned to an ISO member body: in the case of technical committees. liaisons are established between related technical committees. working groups (ISO/TC/SC/WG) —The technical committees and subcommittees may set up working groups composed of a restricted number of individuals to prepare working drafts for standards development. (b) When the subject in question is still under technical development or where for any other reason there is the future but not immediate possibility of an agreement on an international standard. 17 . Such a document will be entirely informative in nature. however. etc. draft proposals — a draft submitted to the participating (P) members of a technical committee for study which is intended eventually to become an International Standard. By January 2003. second draft. Subcommittees are charged with the study of one or several items within the scope of the technical committee. by a simple majority vote of its P-members. FINANCE ISO is maintained by the financial contributions of its members.Information Technology. by the parent committee.” Although the ISO charter included provision for the approval and publication as ISO standards. subcommittees (ISO/TC/SC) — This is the level at which most of the technical decisions are made and is also the level at which much of the technical liaison takes place. international standard — a draft international standard which has been adopted by a two-thirds majority vote of the Pmembers of the technical committee and approved by 75% of all the Member Bodies voting technical report — there are three types of technical reports. or data on the “state of the art” in relation to standards of national bodies on a particular subject). and 24 ad hoc study groups. the amount varies according to the circumstances of the country concerned. to publish such data in the form of a technical report.” was introduced. or in case of doubt concerning consensus. either the new work will be referred to the appropriate existing technical committee. (c) When a committee has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an international standard (this may include. Each technical committee may.. Therefore. data on work in other international organizations. that the document should be published in the form of a technical report.e. stating the relationship between the two organizations. teaching. ANSI provides the machinery for creating voluntary standards. some of which are referred to in this publication ECISS (European Committee for Iron and Steel Standardization) — revised and republished most of the EURONORM standards as European standards (EN). 18 . 1-1 and their addresses are given in Table 1-1. professional groups. Comprises national electro-technical committees of EEC and EFTA countries. Canada. COPANT (Pan American Standards Commission) — comprises national standards bodies of USA and 11 Latin American countries. Regional standards are not envisaged. Other subject areas are the responsibility of ISO.” The Standards Institute. CENELEC or ETSI. is the USA clearinghouse and coordinating body for standards activity on the national level. and United Kingdom) and EFTA (Iceland. NATIONAL STANDARDS ORGANIZATIONS ANSI (American National Standards Institute) — Only a brief review of the various functions ANSI fulfills will be presented in this book. Greece. ISO undertakes. France. The CENELEC Electronic Components Committee produces harmonization documents with which national standards can be brought into line. French and German). are published without variation of text in the countries accepting them as the national standard. and the Pacific Area Standards Congress (PASC). There are 12 working groups. Australia. Spain. Regional standards published and available from ANSI in the Spanish language. and professional bodies. An EN is available. French: Norme) is a document that has been adopted by one of the three recognized European Standardization Organizations: CEN. ISO and IEC form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. PASC (Pacific Area Standards Congress) — comprises national standards bodies from the USA. To ensure the necessary technical coordination. the International Electro-technical Commission (IEC). Denmark. numerous liaisons have been established between ISO and IEC committees. Luxembourg. More details about the ANSI organization are available from the institute upon request. Germany. nationally accepted standards under the designation “American National Standards. In the technical work. ANSI has the distribution of their national standards in the USA. with built-in quality assessment. ISO and JEC have established a formal agreemer4. REGIONAL STANDARDS ORGANIZATIONS ASAC (Asian Standards Advisory Committee) — setup in 1966 under ECAFE (Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East). It is agreed that questions related to international standardization in the electrical and electronic engineering fields are the concern of IEC. They are composed of representatives of the various organizations which deal with questions of electrical standardization at the national level. Some 1000 companies are affiliated with the Institute as company members. The American National Standards Institute is the USA member of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Through these channels American interests make their position felt on the international level. the Pan American Standards Commission (COPANT). It is a federation of trade associations. An EN standard (German: Norm. in consultation with IEC. The members of the IEC are the national committees. to safeguard any electro-technical interests which may be involved. and New Zealand. and consumer organizations. The Netherlands. CEN (European Committee for Standardization) — comprises national standards bodies of the EU (Austria. if accepted by 71% of CEN members. in principle. Finland. Sweden. under whose auspices this work is being done. Japan. ECSC (European Coal and Steel Community) — the ECSC has produced more than 150 steel material (EURONORM) standards. and a joint ISO/IEC technical committee has been established in the field of information technology. governmental authorities. Italy. Ireland. other national standards bodies at the ISO — The eight national standards organizations with the largest gross national products are listed in Fig. Norway and Switzerland). It serves to eliminate duplication of standards activities and to weld conflicting standards into single. technical societies. ISO and IEC have established a joint ISO/IEC Technical Programming Committee. Portugal. CENELEC (European Committee for Electro-technical Standardization) — electro-technical counterpart of CEN. Over 1300 working groups prepare European standards which. in the three official languages of CEN (English. Belgium. one for each country.INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION (IEC) The International Electrotechnical Commission came into being in 1906. Most of them are recognized and supported by their governments. In accordance with this agreement. In matters of international standardization not related to any particular technology. users. which are required to be as representative as possible of all electrical interests in the country concerned: manufacturers. agma.org 269 429 0300 http://www.org 973 882 1170 New York NY 10016-5990 USA ASQ American Society for Quality 600 North Plankinton Ave Milwaukee. VA 22314-1587 USA American Iron & Steel Institute [email protected] 1-1 ACRONYMS AND LINKS TO IMPORTANT STANDARDS ORGANIZATIONS Acronyms Std Prefix Organization Address Email Web Page Phone Fax ABMA American Bearing Manufacturers Association info@americanbearings. NY 10036 USA http://www.fr 33 1 49 17 90 00 AGMA American Gear Manufacturers Association [email protected]/~hillger/anmc. 202 682 8000 http://www.asme.org 202 367 2155 [email protected] 301 656 0989 [email protected] 202 367 1155 http://www.org 703 684 0211 1001 N Fairfax Street.colostate. Suite 500 http://www.org 202 962 4739 4340 EW Highway.asq.org 33 1 41 62 80 00 2025 M Street NW Suite 800 Washington DC 20036 USA AFNOR.org 800 248 1946 http://www.afnor.org 440 338 5151 St Joseph MI 49085-9659 USA American Society for Metals International ASM* 9639 Kinsman Rd Materials Park OH 44073 USA ASME American Society for Mechanical Engineers Three Park Ave 440 338 4634 infocentral@asme. Association française de normalisation NF 11.org. WI 53203 USA 973 882 1717 cs@asq. DC 20036 USA ANMC* American National Metric Council [email protected] 269 429 3852 [email protected] 800 336 5152 http://www. avenue Francis de Pressensé 93571 Saint-Denis La Plaine Cedex France http://www. Suite 401 Bethesda MD 20814-4411 USA ANSI API American National Standards Institute 1220 L Street NW Washington DC 20005-4070 USA ASAC Asian Standards Advisory Committee ASABE American Society for Agricultural and Biological Engineers 2950 Niles Road 202 682 8114 [email protected] 212 642 49 00 25 West 43rd Street 4 floor New York.org 703 684 0242 Alexandria.com 301 718 6508 http://lamar.steel.asm-intl. NW Suite 705 http://www.org Washington.api.americanbearings.org 202 452 7100 AISI* 1140 Connecticut Ave.org 800 843 2763 http://www.ansi.org 212 398 00 23 American Petroleum Institute [email protected] 414 272 8575 414 272 1734 NOTE *Books but no standards 19 .org http://webstore. fr/en/committees/cipm [email protected]. http://www.be 32 25 50 08 19 [email protected] 32 25 50 08 11 36 rue de Strassart 1050 Brussels Belgium http://www.copant.cee-nl.org 32 25 19 69 19 CENELEC.html .org 610 832 9555 standards.mx/default.din.com 44 20 89 96 74 00 leh@wherryassoc. EN European Committee for Standardization infodesk@cenorm. NORM [email protected] 610 832 9585 http://www.com 440 899 0010 http://www.de 49 30 26 01 0 http://www. Contact DIN-Beuth NOTE *Books but no standards 20 http://www.bsi-global.copper.htm http://www.de/beuth http://www.ccpa. Italian.net http://www. Piso 11 Caracas Venezuela DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung Burggrafenstrasse 6 10787 Berlin Germany ECSC European Coal and Steel Community EURO- EURONORM standards issued in German. BS British Standards Institution 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL United Kingdom CCPA Cemented Carbide Producers Association 30200 Detroit Road Cleveland OH 44145 CDA* Copper Development Association.org 212 251 7200 http://www.bipm.asp 310 Utrechtseweg Arnhem Netherlands CEN.astm.lu/ecsc/home.cenelec.org 212 251 7234 West Conshohocken PA 19428-2959 BSI.org 32 25 19 68 71 http://www.TABLE 1-1 ACRONYMS AND LINKS TO IMPORTANT STANDARDS ORGANIZATIONS (CONT'D) Acronyms Std Prefix ASTM Organization Address American Society for Testing and Materials 100 Barr Harbor Drive Email Web Page Phone Fax [email protected] 44 20 89 96 90 01 http://www. Inc 260 Madison Avenue 16th Floor New York NY 10016 CEE International Commission on Rules for the Approval of Electrical Equipment http://www.din.com/units/cgpm. Dutch.org 440 892 1404 questions@cda. European Committee for Electro-technical EN Standardization 35 rue de Stassart 1050 Brussels Belgium CGPM Central Conference of Weights and Measures (see OIML) CIPM International Conference on Weights and Measures (see OIML) COPANT DIN Pan American Standards Commision Manuel Díaz Portocarrero Torre Fondo Comú[email protected] 49 30 26 01 12 31 Order.org (Refer to ANSI) 58 25 74 29 41 58 25 74 29 41 directorate. jsa.or.org 41 22 749 01 11 http://www. de la Voie-Creuse.or.iec.org 703 841 5900 Rosslyn.org 216 241 5901 [email protected] 414 778 3344 414 778 3361 inquiries@nist. Case postale 56 1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland JISC. Inc 445 Hoes Lane POB 1331 Piscataway NJ 08855-1331 USA IFI Industrial Fastener Institute 6363 Oak Tree Boulevard Independence Ohio 44131 USA ISO International Organization for Standardizn 1.org 33 1 42 82 17 27 NOTE *Books but no standards 21 . ch.nist.oiml.nema.com http://www.nfpa.jp 81 3 35 01 9471 http://www.org 800 678 4333 http://standards.asp 81 3 35 86 2014 IEC IEEE International Electro-technical Commision Central Office.ch http://www. http://www.or.ieee.jsa.ch 41 22 919 0211 41 22 919 0300 [email protected] 81 3 35 83 8005 http://www.iso.org 33 1 48 78 12 82 http://www.gov 301 975 6478 [email protected] 216 241 1482 http://www.or.gov biml@oiml. VA 22209 USA National Fluid Power Association 3333 N Mayfair Road Suite 211 [email protected] 1-1 ACRONYMS AND LINKS TO IMPORTANT STANDARDS ORGANIZATIONS (CONT'D) Acronyms Organization Email Phone Std Prefix Address Web Page Fax info@iec. Chemin de la Voie-Greuse 1202 Geneva Switzerland NEMA NFPA National Electrical Manufacturers Assocn [email protected] 81 3 35 80 8637 Order. JIS Japanese Industrial Standards Committee 4-1-24 Akasaka Minato-ku.or.jp/default_english.or.org 41 22 733 34 30 [email protected] 703 841 3200 1300 North 17th Street Suite 1752 http://www..jp 16.jsa.industrial-fasteners. 3 rue de Varembe 1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. JSA* Tokyo 107-8440 Japan Japanese Standards Association 4-1-24 Akasaka Minato-ku Tokyo 107-8440 Japan JSA* Japanese Standards Association [email protected] [email protected] 301 975 8295 Milwaukee WI 53222-3219 USA NIST National Institute of Standards & Technology USA DoC 100 Bureau Drive Gaithersburg MD 20899 USA OIML International Organization of Legal Metrology Rue Turgot 11 75009 Paris France http://www.org 732 981 0060 732 981 9667 rharris@indfast. uni.com 39 02 70 02 41 http://www. WA 98607-8542 UNI Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione Via Battistotti Sassi 11/b USCTI* USMA IT-20133 Milano United States Cutting Tool Institute 10245 Andasol Ave Northridge CA 91325-1504 NOTE *Books but no standards ISO Members Worldwide 22 .sme. Inc 400 Commonwealth Drive Warrendale PA 15096 SCC Standards Council of Canada 270 Albert Street.scc. RMA Canada.org 603 610 7101 1950 Lafayette Road.3000 1400 K Street NW Suite 900 Washington DC 20005 SAA. Suite 200 Ottawa.ul.sae. etc) Rubber Manufacturers Association Email Web Page Phone Fax TISI (Thailand) http://www. New Zealand India.com 216 241 0105 US Metric Association [email protected] 202 682 4854 [email protected] http://www.org http://www. Box 1 Portsmouth NH 03801 http://www.com 360 817 6278 uni@uni. Peru.org. Inc cec.edu/~hillger 818 368 7443 Camas. Chile. Thailand.com 216 241 7333 1300 Sumner Avenue Cleveland OH 44115 http://www.us@us. China.org 313 425.rma. Japan. AS Standards Australia 20 Bridge Street Sydney NSW 2001 Australia SAE Society of Automotive Engineers. Russia.pascnet. Lake Road http://www.org.ca 613 238 32 22 http://www.org 724 776 4841 724 776 0790 [email protected]/roster.colostate.standards. Colombia. Republic of Korea.au 612 8206 6001 [email protected] 39 02 70 10 61 49 [email protected] [email protected] 603 926 0750 [email protected] 202 682 4800 http://www.ca 613 569 78 08 Standards Engineers Society [email protected] 818 363 5606 http://lamar. Vietnam.ses-standards.uscti. Australia.pascnet.au 612 8206 6000 http://www.colostate.TABLE 1-1 ACRONYMS AND LINKS TO IMPORTANT STANDARDS ORGANIZATIONS (CONT'D) Acronyms Std Prefix Organization Address PASC Pacific Area Standards Congress (USA.W. Ontario K1P 6N7 Canada SES* SME* Society of Manufacturing Engineers One SME Drive Dearborn MI 48128 ULI 313 425 3400 Underwriters Laboratories.org 800 733 4763 http://www.com 877 854 3577 2600 N. PublicationList?CLASSIFICATION=GENERAL ISO Technical Program Information on the titles and stages of development of all draft standards. Other video films are also available. rims and valves TC 33 Refractories TC 34 Food products TC 35 Paints and varnishes TC 36 Cinematography 23 . (Monthly) ISO/IEC Guide 2: 1991 General terms and their definitions concerning standardization and related activities. and secretariats for each technical committee.org/iso/en/prods-services/otherpubs/General. ISO General Information Publications.STANDBY TC 20 Aircraft and space vehicles TC 21 Equipment for fire protection and fire fighting TC 22 Road vehicles TC 23 Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry TC 24 Particle characterization including sieving TC 25 Cast irons and pig irons TC 26 Copper and copper alloys TC 27 Solid mineral fuels TC 28 Petroleum products and lubricants TC 29 Small tools TC 30 Measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits TC 31 Tyres. and committees reporting to the ISO Council. Approximately 40 Guides.Energy efficiency and renewable energy sources – Common terminology TC 1 Screw threads TC 2 Fasteners TC 4 Rolling bearings TC 5 Ferrous metal pipes and metallic fittings TC 6 Paper. designated ISO/IEC Guide Nos. list of all new draft ISO standards and newly published ISO standards. http://www. English and French.STANDBY TC 19 Preferred numbers . TABLE 1-2 TECHNICAL COMMITTEES (TC) JTC 1 Information technology JTC 2 Joint Project Committee . organizational structure. technical divisions. See website. HOW TO FIND AND ORDER INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL STANDARDS Grouping of International Standards by Technical Committees (TC) see Table 1-2 and by International Classification for Standards (ICS) see Table 1-3. Order international or national standards from ANSI or the applicable web page shown in Table 1-1. CEN Catalog Complete list of EN standards (German: Norm. the Memento contains general information on the organization and administration of the work of ISO. French: Norme) and tables of corresponding material standards for CEN National Affiliate Members. board and pulps TC 8 Ships and marine technology TC 10 Technical product documentation TC 11 Boilers and pressure vessels TC 12 Quantities and units TC 14 Shafts for machinery and accessories TC 17 Steel TC 18 Zinc and zinc alloys . Welcome to the On-line Catalogue of European Standards with links to most European national standards organizations and their standards catalogs. and are listed in the ISO catalog. cover subjects related to international standardization. calendar of ISO meetings.iso. ISO Memento Information. (Biannual) ISO/IEC Directives Part 1 Procedures for technical work Part 2 Methodology for the development of International Standards.RELATED ISO PUBLICATIONS AVAILABLE FROM ANSI ANSI Catalog Contains listing with prices of ANSI standards published annually. For all EN and national standards in Europe see CEN above and use websites shown. (Biannual) ISO Bulletin Standardization news. Part 3 Drafting and presentation of International Standards. on the scope of responsibility. In addition. ISO Video Film International standardization 18 min video cassette VHS. 2-57. (Annual) ISO Participation This table indicates the membership of technical committees. reinforced concrete and pre-stressed concrete TC 72 Textile machinery and accessories TC 74 Cement and lime TC 76 Transfusion. chain slings. petrochemical and natural gas industries TC 68 Financial services TC 69 Applications of statistical methods TC 70 Internal combustion engines TC 71 Concrete. equipment and offshore structures for petroleum. components and accessories TC 112 Vacuum technology TC 113 Hydrometry TC 114 Horology TC 115 Pumps TC 117 Fans TC 118 Compressors and pneumatic tools. and blood processing equipment for medical and pharmaceutical use TC 77 Products in fibre reinforced cement TC 79 Light metals and their alloys TC 81 Common names for pesticides and other agrochemicals TC 82 Mining . infusion and injection. shock and condition monitoring TC 109 Oil and gas burners TC 110 Industrial trucks TC 111 Round steel link chains.STANDBY TC 83 Sports and recreational equipment TC 84 Devices for administration of medicinal products and intravascular catheters TC 85 Nuclear energy.Protective clothing and equipment TC 96 Cranes TC 98 Bases for design of structures TC 100 Chains and chain sprockets for power transmission and conveyors TC 101 Continuous mechanical handling equipment TC 102 Iron ore and direct reduced iron TC 104 Freight containers TC 105 Steel wire ropes TC 106 Dentistry TC 107 Metallic and other inorganic coatings TC 108 Mechanical vibration.TC 37 Terminology and other language and content resources TC 38 Textiles TC 39 Machine tools TC 41 Pulleys and belts (including veebelts) TC 42 Photography TC 43 Acoustics TC 44 Welding and allied processes TC 45 Rubber and rubber products TC 46 Information and documentation TC 47 Chemistry TC 48 Laboratory equipment TC 51 Pallets for unit load method of materials handling TC 52 Light gauge metal containers TC 54 Essential oils TC 58 Gas cylinders TC 59 Buildings and civil engineering works TC 60 Gears TC 61 Plastics TC 63 Glass containers TC 67 Materials.STANDBY TC 130 Graphic technology TC 131 Fluid power systems TC 132 Ferroalloys TC 133 Sizing systems and designations for clothes TC 134 Fertilizers and soil conditioners TC 135 Non-destructive testing TC 136 Furniture TC 137 Footwear sizing designations and marking systems TC 138 Plastics pipes. fittings and valves for the transport of fluids TC 142 Cleaning equipment for air and other gases TC 145 Graphical symbols TC 146 Air quality 24 . machines and equipment TC 119 Powder metallurgy TC 120 Leather TC 121 Anaesthetic and respiratory equipment TC 122 Packaging TC 123 Plain bearings TC 126 Tobacco and tobacco products TC 127 Earth-moving machinery TC 129 Aluminium ores . nuclear technologies. and radiological protection TC 86 Refrigeration and air-conditioning TC 87 Cork TC 89 Wood-based panels TC 91 Surface active agents TC 92 Fire safety TC 93 Starch (including derivatives and by-products) TC 94 Personal safety -. gas expansion turbines). escalators and moving walks TC 179 Masonry . opinion and social research TC 226 Materials for the production of primary aluminium TC 227 Springs TC 228 Tourism and related services TC 229 Nanotechnologies TC 230 Project Committee: Psychological assessment TC 231 Project Committee: Brand valuation TC 232 Learning services for non-formal education and training TC 234 Fisheries and aquaculture 25 . industry and administration TC 155 Nickel and nickel alloys TC 156 Corrosion of metals and alloys TC 157 Non-systemic contraceptives and STI barrier prophylactics TC 158 Analysis of gases TC 159 Ergonomics TC 160 Glass in building TC 161 Control and protective devices for gas and/or oil burners and appliances TC 162 Doors and windows TC 163 Thermal performance and energy use in the built environment TC 164 Mechanical testing of metals TC 165 Timber structures TC 166 Ceramic ware. glassware and glass ceramic ware in contact with food .STANDBY TC 167 Steel and aluminium structures TC 168 Prosthetics and orthotics TC 170 Surgical instruments TC 171 Document management applications TC 172 Optics and photonics TC 173 Assistive products for persons with disability TC 174 Jewellery TC 176 Quality management and quality assurance TC 177 Caravans TC 178 Lifts. lead.STANDBY TC 223 Societal security TC 224 Service activities relating to drinking water supply systems and wastewater systems – Quality criteria of the service and performance indicators TC 225 Market.TC 147 Water quality TC 148 Sewing machines TC 149 Cycles TC 150 Implants for surgery TC 153 Valves TC 154 Processes.STANDBY TC 209 Cleanrooms and associated controlled environments TC 210 Quality management and corresponding general aspects for medical devices TC 211 Geographic information/Geomatics TC 212 Clinical laboratory testing and in vitro diagnostic test systems TC 213 Dimensional and geometrical product specifications and verification TC 214 Elevating work platforms TC 215 Health informatics TC 216 Footwear TC 217 Cosmetics TC 218 Timber TC 219 Floor coverings TC 220 Cryogenic vessels TC 221 Geosynthetics TC 222 Personal financial planning .STANDBY TC 192 Gas turbines TC 193 Natural gas TC 194 Biological evaluation of medical devices TC 195 Building construction machinery and equipment TC 197 Hydrogen technologies TC 198 Sterilization of health care products TC 199 Safety of machinery TC 201 Surface chemical analysis TC 202 Microbeam analysis TC 203 Technical energy systems TC 204 Intelligent transport systems TC 205 Building environment design TC 206 Fine ceramics TC 207 Environmental management TC 208 Thermal turbines for industrial application (steam turbines.STANDBY TC 180 Solar energy TC 181 Safety of toys TC 182 Geotechnics TC 183 Copper. zinc and nickel ores and concentrates TC 184 Automation systems and integration TC 185 Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure TC 186 Cutlery and table and decorative metal hollow-ware TC 188 Small craft TC 189 Ceramic tile TC 190 Soil quality TC 191 Animal (mammal) traps . data elements and documents in commerce. Terminology. Safety 17 Metrology and measurement. Transport. programme and portfolio management TC 259 Project committee: Outsourcing TC 260 Human resource management TC 261 Additive manufacturing TC 262 Project committee: Risk management TC 263 Coalbed methane (CBM) TC 264 Fireworks TC 265 Carbon capture and storage (CCS) TC 266 Biomimetics TC 267 Facilities management CASCO Committee on conformity assessment CIE International Commission on Illumination COPOLCO Committee on consumer policy IIW International Institute of Welding IULTCS International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies REMCO Committee on reference materials TMB Technical Management Board VAMAS Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards TABLE 1-3 INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION FOR STANDARDS (ICS) 01 Generalities.120 25 Manufacturing engineering 27 Energy and heat transfer engineering 29 Electrical engineering 31 Electronics 33 Telecommunications. Administration. Physical phenomena 19 Testing Analytical chemistry. industrial enterprises and regions TC 258 Project. Jewellery 43 Road vehicles engineering 45 Railway engineering 47 Shipbuilding and marine structures 49 Aircraft and space vehicle engineering 53 Materials handling equipment 55 Packaging and distribution of goods 59 Textile and leather technology 61 Clothing industry 65 Agriculture 67 Food technology 71 Chemical technology 26 . dyestuffs and extenders TC 257 General technical rules for determination of energy savings in renovation projects. Standardization.040 21 Mechanical systems and components for general use 23 Fluid systems and components for general use Measurement of fluid flow. Audio and video engineering 35 Information technology. Documentation 03 Services. management and quality. Company organization. see 17. see 71. Office machines 37 Image technology 39 Precision mechanics. Natural Sciences 11 Health care technology 13 Environment. Sociology 07 Mathematics.TC 235 Project Committee: Rating services TC 236 Project Committee: Project Management TC 237 Project committee: Exhibition terminology TC 238 Solid biofuels TC 239 Project Committee: Network services billing TC 240 Project Committee: Product recall TC 241 Project Committee: Road-Traffic Safety Management System TC 242 Energy Management TC 243 Project Committee: Consumer product safety TC 244 Industrial furnaces and associated processing equipment TC 245 Project Committee: Cross-border trade of second-hand goods TC 246 Project committee: Anti-counterfeiting tools TC 247 Fraud countermeasures and controls TC 248 Project committee: Sustainability criteria for bioenergy TC 249 Traditional chinese medicine TC 250 Project committee: Sustainability in event management TC 251 Project committee: Asset management TC 252 Project committee: Natural gas fuelling stations for vehicles TC 253 Project committee: Treated wastewater re-use for irrigation TC 254 Safety of amusement rides and amusement devices TC 255 Biogas TC 256 Pigments. Health protection. iso.ISBN 978-92-67-10510-9 ISO Focus A selection of centre spreads from ISO Focus+ magazine of the last two years provide the theme for the ISO 2012 calendar. Entertainment. Edition: 1 ISO Strategic Plan 2011-2015.org/iso/en/prods-services/otherpubs/Handbooks.PublicationList?CLASSIFICATION=HANDBOOKS Technical product specification Compilation on CD-ROM of the entire collection of Technical Product Specification (TPS) standards which are essential to manufacturing on a global basis. the economic benefits of standards. A number of ISO books (formerly named Handbooks) are available and listed on the following ISO link: http://www. ISO Calendar 2012. and other communication along global supply chains. energy.73 Mining and minerals 75 Petroleum and related technologies 77 Metallurgy 79 Wood technology 81 Glass and ceramics industries 83 Rubber and plastic industries 85 Paper technology 87 Paint and colour industries 91 Construction materials and building 93 Civil engineering 95 Military engineering 97 Domestic and commercial equipment. standards in everyday life. globally relevant International Standards through its members and stakeholders. via seven key objectives. social responsibility and space exploration. It allows the 242 standards to be accessed easily and rapidly and puts this "library" of standards into a conveniently transportable format. Year of publication: 2011. ISBN 978-92-67-10542-0 27 . as well as providing a common language for product and contract specification. Topics covered include motor vehicle safety. Sports ISO Handbook 1 Documentation and information. to the global vision for ISO in 2015: to be the world's leading provider of high quality. Technical product specification Year of publication: 2009 Edition: 1 . accessibility of buildings. Solutions to Global Challenges The route map. plus the ISO technical work programme of draft standards. there is an alphabetical index and a list of withdrawn standards. Periodicity: Annual ISO Catalogue 2011 The ISO Catalogue includes more than 18 500 published International Standards classified according to the International Classification for Standards (ICS) and by Technical Committee (TC). the ISO system's output. The listings are presented by subject according to the International Classification for Standards (ICS).ISO in figures for the year 2010 Significant statistics on ISO and ISO's work for 2010. Edition: 1. Year of publication: 2011. ISO's partners and ISO's path forward. Edition: 3. Lists in numerical order and in technical committee order are also given. ISBN 978-92-67-10546-8 ISO in brief A four-page introduction to the ISO standardization system. In addition. 28 . ISBN 978-92-67-10550-5 ISO Annual Report 2010 Year of publication: 2011. Year of publication: 2011. CataloguePlus 2011 on CD-ROM This CD-ROM contains information on all published ISO standards and other publications. 001 mm -3 mm (millimeter) = 10 m Length m (meter) -2 cm (centimeter) = 10 m -1 dm (decimeter) = 10 m 2 hm (hectometer) = 10 m 3 km (kilometer) = 10 m 2 -6 2 mm (square millimeter) = 10 m 2 -4 cm (square centimeter) = 10 m Area 2 m (square meter) 2 -2 dm (square decimeter) = 10 m 2 2 4 2 6 3 1 hm = 1 ha (hectare) = 10 000 m 2 3 3 1 µL (microliter) = 1 mm -6 3 1 mL (milliliter) = 1 cm cm (cubic centimeter) = 10 m 3 2 -9 mm (cubic millimeter) = 10 m m3 (cubic meter) 2 2 hm (square hectometer) = 10 m km (square kilometer) = 10 m Volume 1 a (are) = 100 m 2 -3 dm (cubic decimeter) = 10 m 3 1 L (liter) = 1 dm -9 mg (milligram) = 10 kg kg (kilogram) 3 Mass of water. TABLE 2-1 SI UNITS Quantity Symbol (Name) Prefix and Symbol* Other Metric Unit -9 nm (nanometer) = 10 m -6 µm (micrometer) = 10 m micron = µm = 0.Chapter 2 The International System of Measuring Units (SI) SUMMARY The metric system is simple and easy to learn. Do not become confused with all the details given in this chapter. however. learn the most common units for length. Preferred units are shown in bold.6 m/s (meter per second squared) -6 µN (micronewton) = 10 N -3 mN (millinewton) = 10 N Force N (newton) daN (dekanewton) = 10 N See NOTE (2) 3 kN (kilonewton) = 10 N 6 MN (meganewton) = 10 N 3 1 mg = 1 Mg = Temperature 3 3 1 kL (kiloliter) = 1 m µg (microgram) = 10 kg 3 (1) for Mass 3 3 3 2 . area. and temperature shown in Table 2-1. You should. You probably will not see most of the units in practical use. mass. -6 Mass(1) -3 g (gram) = 10 kg 3 Mg (megagram) = 10 kg 1 µL = 1 mm 1g= 1 mL = 1 cm 1 kg = 1 L = 1 dm 1 kL = 1 m 1 tmetric = 1000 kg K (kelvin) Speed m/s (meter per second) Acceleration m/s2 The absolute temperature o C (degree Celsius) o TK = TO + tC = 273. How the metric units relate to inch units are covered in Chapter 17.15 + C 1 km/h = 1/3. See conversion program. volume. Prefixes are shown in Table 2-2. 02 kg (force). 2. 9.80665 m/s2. care must be taken to determine whether force or mass is intended. The dekanewton has some usage in EU since 1 daN = 1. In the metric system there are separate distinct units for mass and force. The kilogram is restricted to mass. Considerable confusion exist in the use of the term “mass” and “weight. Heat J (joule) 3 kJ (kilojoule) = 10 J 6 MJ (megajoule) = 10 J 1 kWh (kilowatthour) = 1000 W x 3600 s = 3. The term “weight” is commonly used where the technically correct word is mass. energy (N•m = J).5% between various points on the earth’s surface. Because of this widespread nontechnical use. g).6 106 J = 3. and weight is proportional to it. for example. The newton is the unit of force and should be used in place of the “kilogram-force. the word weight should be avoided in technical reports. The force required to restrain it against free fall is commonly called weight. Therefore. such as delicate weigh The term “mass” should be used to indicate the quantity of matter in an object. . The acceleration of free fall varies in time and space. it will experience the acceleration of free fall (acceleration of gravity. 1 hpmetric = 75 kgf•m/s = 735 W 9 GW (gigawatt) 10 W Notes: *Preferred in bold 1. While at any point in time and space. Work.” The newton instead of the kilogram-force should be used in combination units which include force. the difference of local g from the agreed standard value. pressure or stress (N/m2 = Pa). mass does not. In converting quantities that has been presented as weight. Stress Pa (pascal = N/m2) -3 mPa (millipascal) = 10 N/m 3 2 2 1 mbar (millibar) = 100 Pa 2 kPa (kilopascal) = 10 N/m 6 MPa (megapascal) = 10 N/m 9 GPa (gigapascal) = 10 N/m 1 bar = 100 kPa 2 2 10 bar = 1 MPa = 1 N/mm 2 -3 mJ (millijoule) = 10 J Energy.” Mass is the property of matter to which it owes its inertia. Observed g can differ by over 0. weight can therefore vary. and power (N•m/s = W). must be taken into account for precise measurements where g is involved.6 MJ 9 GJ (gigajoule) = 10 J -6 µW (microwatt) 10 W Power W (watt = J/s = N•m/s) -3 mW (milliwatt) 10 W 3 kW (kilowatt) 10 W 6 MW (megawatt) 10 W 1 W = 1 J/s = 1 N•m/s metric horsepower.TABLE 2-1 SI UNITS (CONT’D) Quantity Symbol (Name) Prefix and Symbol* Other Metric Unit -6 µN•m (micronewton x meter) = 10 N•m Torque N•m -3 mN•m (millinewton x meter) = 10 N•m 3 kN•m (kilonewton x meter) = 10 N•m 6 MN•m (meganewton x meter) = 10 N•m -6 µPa (micropascal) = 10 N/m Pressure. If a body at rest on the earth’s surface is released from the forces holding it at rest. See definitions. TABLE 2-3 SI BASE UNITS (ANSI SI 10) Quantity length mass time electric current thermodynamic temperature* amount of substance luminous intensity *See Temperature on p.37 Unit meter kilogram second ampere kelvin mole candela Symbol m kg s A K mol cd .1 = E-01 centi c 10-2 = 0.001 = E-03 10-6 nano n 10-9 pico p 10-12 femto atto f a 10-15 10-18 zepto yocto z y 10-21 10-24 Classes of units The metric units are divided into two classes: base units and derived units. see Table 2-1 TABLE 2-2 SI PREFIXES SI prefix name Symbol Multiplication factor yotta Y 1024 zetta exa peta tera giga mega kilo hecto deka Z E P T G M k h da 1021 1018 1015 1012 109 106 103 = 1000 = E+03 102 = 100 = E+02 101 = 10 = E+01 deci d 10-1 = 0. For recommended application of prefixes. forming what are properly called “multiples and submultiples of metric units”.01 = E-02 milli micro m µ 10-3 = 0.Units and symbols SI prefixes The prefixes listed in Table 2-2 are used to form names and symbols of the decimal multiples and submultiples of the SI units. Note that throughout this publication the word “quantity” means a measurable attribute of a phenomenon or of matter. Base units The metric system is built upon the seven well-defined base units of Table 2-3. These prefixes or their symbols are attached to names or symbols of units. which by convention are regarded as independent. The symbols for derived units are obtained by means of the mathematical signs for multiplication. quantity of heat siemens henry volt ohm joule S H V Ω J A/V Wb/A W/A V/A N•m force frequency (of a periodic phenomenon) newton hertz N Hz kg•m/s2 1/s illuminance lux lx lm/m2 luminous flux magnetic flux magneric flux density power. specific energy imparted kerma.Derived units Derived SI units are shown in Table 2-4. TABLE 2-4 SI DERIVED UNITS WITH SPECIAL NAMES AND SYMBOLS (ANSI SI 10) Quantity angle. and use of exponents. TABLE 2-5 SI DERIVED UNITS WITH SPECIAL NAMES FOR HUMAN HEALTH (ANSI SI 10) SI unit Quantity Name Symbol Expression in terms of other SI units activity (of a radionuclide) becquerel Bq 1/s absorbed dose. solid steradian* sr m2/m2 = 1 Celsius temperature** degree Celsius electric capacitance o C K farad F C/V electric charge. stress lumen weber tesla watt pascal lm Wb T W Pa cd•sr V•s Wb/m2 J/s N/m2 NOTES: *See last paragraph of History on p. work. the metric unit for surface tension is usually expressed as N/m instead of kg/s2 and that for electric dipole moment is usually expressed as C•m instead of A•s•m. electromotive force electric resistance energy. absorbed dose index gray Gy J/kg dose equivalent.37 It is frequently advantageous to express derived units in terms of other derived units with special names. Derived units are formed by combining base units according to the algebraic relations linking the corresponding quantities. the SI unit for speed is the meter per second (m/s or m•s-1) and that for density is kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m3 or kg•m-3). For example.42 **See Temperature on p. for example. division. quantity of electricity coulomb C A•s electric conductance electric inductance electric potential difference. plane SI unit Name radian* Symbol rad Expression in terms of other SI units m/m = 1 angle. dose equivalent index sievert Sv J/kg . radiant flux pressure. Those SI derived units that have special names and symbols are listed in Table 2-5 and 6. kinematic volume wave number coulomb per cubic meter volt per meter coulomb per square meter joule per cubic meter joule per kelvin coulomb per kilogram joule per kelvin watt per square meter candela per square meter ampere per meter joule per mole joule per mole kelvin joule per mole kelvin newton meter henry per meter farad per meter watt per square meter watt per square meter steradian watt per steradian joule per kilogram kelvin joule per kilogram joule per kilogram kelvin cubic meter per kilogram newton per meter watt per meter kelvin meter per second pascal second square meter per second cubic meter 1 per meter Symbol Gy/s m/s2 rad/s2 rad/s m2 mol/m3 A/m2 kg/m3 C/m3 V/m C/m2 J/m3 J/K C/kg J/K W/m2 cd/m2 A/m J/mol J/(mol•K) J/(mol•K) N•m H/m F/m W/m2 W/(m2•sr) W/sr J/(kg•K) J/kg J/(kg•K) m3/kg N/m W/(m•K) m/s Pa•s m2/s m3 1/m Unit of mass Among the base and derived units of SI. the unit of mass (kilogram) is the only one whose name. Names and symbols of decimal multiples and submultiples of the unit of mass are formed by attaching prefixes to the word gram or prefix symbols to the symbol g.TABLE 2-6 SI DERIVED UNITS WITHOUT SPECIAL NAMES (ANSI SI 10) SI unit Name Quantity absorbed dose rate gray per second acceleration meter per second squared angular acceleration radian per second squared angular velocity radian per second area square meter concentration (of amount of substance) mole per cubic meter current density ampere per square meter density (mass density) kilogram per cubic meter electric charge density electric field strength electric flux density energy density entropy exposure (x and gamma rays) heat capacity heat flux density. contains a prefix. dynamic viscosity. for historical reasons. irradiance luminance magnetic field strength molar energy molar entropy molar heat capacity moment of force permeability (magnetic) permittivity power density radiance radiant intensity specific heat capacity specific energy specific entropy specific volume surface tension thermal conductivity velocity viscosity. . and it is recommended for use in all international communications. However.Other units Units from other systems To preserve the advantage of SI as a coherent system. flow. and eventually it should be replaced. hour. Do not use the minute and second except for special fields such as astronomy and cartography. 11:15 (instead of 11:15 a. TIME: The international (military) designation is: 13:32 (instead of 1:32 p.). is preferred in all applications. speed). None of these terms is SI. which is almost 2205 lb. day.602 177 33(49) x 10-19 J 1 u = 1. the short ton of 2000 lb. This unit should not be introduced into any new fields. month. etc. and the author recommend its use in USA. .m. vehicle speed is often expressed in unit kilometer per hour (km/h) Plane angle The SI unit for plane angle is the number 1. which is also called by its special name radian (rad). thus 1 Mg = 1000 kg.660 540 2(10) x 10-27 kg volume mass energy mass NOTE: 1. Use of the degree and its decimal submultiples is permissible when the radian is not a convenient value. together with its multiples and submultiples. The name liter with its new symbol and SI prefixes are easy to write and speak. The date April 2. Energy The SI unit of energy. Volume The SI unit for volume is the cubic meter (m3). and other calendar units may be necessary. TABLE 2-7 UNITS IN USE WITH SI (ANSI SI 10) Quantity time1 plane angle Unit minute hour day week. or a multiple or submultiple of it such as cubic kilometer (km3). The unit to use is the megajoule. 2012 is written as follows. The author therefore recommends using the SI prefix mega with gram. The terms “metric ton” and “tonne” are restricted to commercial usage. which should be used in technical calculations. minimize the use of units from other systems with SI. where time relates to life customs or calendar cycles. etc. The liter (L) has the exact volume of one cubic decimeter (dm3). This unit. the minute. Mass The SI unit for mass is the kilogram (kg). or a multiple or submultiple formed by attaching a SI prefix to gram (g).) DATE: The all-numeric writing of dates varies in different parts of the world. is preferred for all applications.m. The ton is also used for volume (register ton) and power ratings (air conditioning). The kilowatthour is widely used as a measure of electric energy. degree minute second liter metric ton or tonne electronvolt unified atomic mass unit Symbol min h d o ' " L. and the metric ton of 1000 kg. ISO 8601 : 2012-04-02 . use of second (s) – the SI base unit s (second) is recommended in all applications where energy or power might be calculated (torque. Such use should be limited to those listed in Table 2-7. USA : 4-2-2012 Europe : 2-4-2012 EU and many other countries have adopted the ISO standard for the writing of all-numeric dates in their standards. For example. l t eV u Value in SI units 1 min = 60 s 1 h = 60 min = 3600 s 1 d = 24 h = 86 400 s 1o = (π/180) rad 1' = (1/60)o = (π/10 800) rad 1" = (1/60)' = (π/648 000) rad 1 L = 1 dm3 = 10-3 m3 1 t = 1 Mg = 103 kg 1 eV = 1. Time The SI unit for time is the second (s). Use this unit. The name “ton” has been given to several large mass units that are widely used in commerce and technology: the long ton of 2240 lb. cubic centimeter (cm3). the joule. This statement applies to the units designated by the general abbreviation “esu” (for electrostatic cgs unit) and “emu” (for electromagnetic cgs unit). phot. Centimeter-gram-second (cgs) units Avoid all units with special names peculiar to the various cgs systems (measurement systems constructed by using the centimeter. Gage pressure is positive if above ambient pressure and negative if below. It also applies to the unit names formed with the prefixes ab and stat. the hectopascal (1 mbar = 1 hPa). rd rem Value in SI units 1 nautical mile = 1852 m 1 nautical mile per hour = (1852/3600) m/s 1 ha = 1 hm2 = 104 m2 1 bar = 100 kPa 1 b = 100 fm2 = 10-28 m2 1 Ci = 3. Attachments to unit symbols for methods of designating gage pressure and absolute pressure. and second as base units). TABLE 2-8 UNITS IN USE TEMPORARILY WITH SI (ANSI SI 10) Name nautical mile knot hectare bar barn curie roentgen rad rem Symbol ha bar b Ci R rad. including those units that have been given special names – gauss. The hectare (ha) is a special name for the square hectometer (hm2). defined for mechanics. if the term “vacuum” is applied to numerical measure it should be made clear whether negative gage pressure or absolute gage pressure is meant. stilb. biot. fluid mechanics. avoid the cgs units for electricity and magnetism. and with proper SI prefixes it should be used in all applications. Pressure. gram. Among these units are the following. the abampere and statvolt. the millibar should be called by its SI name. poise. oersted. See Editorial guide. stress and vacuum The SI unit for pressure and stress is the pascal (newton per square meter). and lambert. dyne. using SI prefixes as appropriate. Pressure and vacuum . maxwell. Because one bar equals 105 Pa. stokes. These units should not be introduced where they are not presently used. and franklin.58 x 10-4 C/kg 1 rad = 1 cGy = 10-2 Gy 1 rem = 1 cSv = 10-2 Sv Length The International nautical mile is now defined as 1852 m long. Do not use old metric units for pressure and stress such as kilogram-force per square centimeter (kgf/cm2). Further. and it is used in nautical and aerial navigation to express distance and speed. Both gage pressure and absolute pressure are expressed in pascals. Area The SI unit for area is the square meter (m2). or other non-SI units.Units in use temporarily with SI Units in use temporarily with SI are shown in Table 2-8. Gage pressure is absolute pressure minus ambient pressure (usually atmospheric pressure). for pressure. such as torr and millimeter of mercury. for example.7 x 1010 Bq 1 R = 2. Large land or water areas are generally expressed in hectares or in square kilometers (km2). gal. gilbert. and photometry: the erg. . Pressure below ambient is often called vacuum. 184 kJ 1 kgf = 9. units with which they may be replaced.806 65 m/s2 1 Gal = cm/s2 = 10-2 m/s2 1 cal/cm2 = 41.1 Pa•s st sb St Torr 1 st = 1 m3 1 sb = 1 cd/cm2 = 104 cd/m2 1 St = cm2/s = 10-4 m2/s 1Torr = (101 325/760) Pa 1 x unit = 1.806 65 N langley cal/cm2 maxwell Mx metric carat metric horsepower micron millimeter of mercury mm. do not use units that are not part of SI (as well as non-SI names for multiples and submultiples of SI units. grad. such as micron for micrometer).84 kJ/m2 = 4. and emu systems. esu.0665 kPa calorie (physics) calorie (nutrition) candle candlepower dyne cp dyn 1 cal = 4. or m of water millimicron mho oersted 1 fm = 10-15 m 1 g = 9. etc.325 kPa fermi Gal γ G 1 γ = 1 nT = 10-9 T 1 G = 10-4 T gon kcal kgf 1 gon = (π/200) rad 1 kcal = 4. Except for the special cases discussed in the previous text.184 kJ 1 cd 1 cp = 1 cd 1 dyn = 10-5 N erg erg 1 erg = 10-7 J fermi G. in many cases. Some of these are used only in special fields. These include all units defined only in the cgs.0021 x 10-13 m 1 γ = µg = 10-9 kg 1 λ = mm3 = 10-9 m3 stere stilb stokes torr x unit γ (mass) λ (volume) γ λ .1 nm = 10-10 m are a 1 a = 1 dam2 = 100 m2 atmosphere. others have found broad application outside the USA. 1 mmHg = 133. These are examples of several metric and related units other than those of SI that have been defined over the years.184 x 104 J/m2 1 Mx = 10-8 Wb 75 kgf•m/s µ 1 carat = 200 mg = 2 x 10-4 kg 1 hpm = 735. grade kilocalorie kilogram-force cal Cal 1 atm = 101.5 W 1 µm = 10-6 m mmHg mmH2O. mµ mho Oe 1 mµ = 1 nm = 10-9 m 1 mho = 1 S 1 Oe = (1000/4π) A/m phot ph 1 ph = 104 lx poise P 1 P = dyn•s/cm2 = 0. standard atmosphere.Units and names that are not to be used Table 2-9 lists deprecated units and.184 J 1 Cal = 4. TABLE 2-9 EXAMPLES OF UNITS AND NAMES THAT ARE NOT TO BE USED (ANSI SI 10) Name Symbol Value in SI units ångström Å 1 Å = 0. g (as a unit) gal gamma gauss gon. etc.3 Pa 1 mmH2O = 9.806 65 Pa. technical atm at 1 at = 98. cm. possible confusion may occur because in its form it appears identical to the unit of moment of force or torque. see note (1) Table 2-1. and angular acceleration are. Similar comments apply to solid angle. Kinetic energy The kinetic energy of a body of moment of inertia Ι (SI unit kg•m2) rotating with angular velocity ω (SI unit 1/s) is Ι•ω2/2. instead of the number 1 when expressing the values of these quantities. Angular momentum Angular momentum (moment of momentum) is linear momentum (SI unit kg•m/s) times moment arm. their SI unit is N•m. 1. but no such distinction is possible in the associated units.Some comments concerning quantities and units Mass. the SI unit is joule. without changing the product. its SI unit is kg•m2. In practice. Thus. trade associations and other organizations that are responsible for standardizing such products may adopt. its SI unit is kg•m2/s. respectively. as shown in Table 6. and rad/s2 are usually used. Wide use is also made of the degree Celsius (oC). Quantities and units used in rotational machines Angle. Work The work done by a moment of force or by a torque (SI unit N•m) in a rotation through an angle (SI unit 1) is moment of force or torque times angle of rotation.15 K by definition. rad/s. thus the SI units of the quantities of angle. The joule (J = N•m). nominal metric designations as deemed appropriate. Moment of force (bending moment) Because moment of force (bending moment) and torque are equal to a force times a distance (moment arm or lever arm). and angular acceleration The coherent SI unit of plane angle is the number one. Note that if the unit of rotational work is written as N•m rather than as J. Impact energy absorption This quantity. Use this unit to express thermodynamic temperature and temperature intervals. designate one of the critical dimensions of the product. Celsius temperature t (which replace centigrade temperature) is related to thermodynamic temperature T by the equation t = T – To. In vector algebraic expressions or vector diagrams. and 1/s2. the International Temperature Scale of 1990(ITS-90) serves as the basis for high-accuracy temperature measurements in science and technology. Others. for clarity. where To = 273. Nominal dimensions Many dimensions used to identify commercial products are nominal values – values like “2 by 4” lumber and one-inch pipe that exist in name only and are used for the purpose of convenient designation. is measured in terms of work required to break a standard specimen. force and weight For a discussion of the treatment of these and related quantities in SI. Moment of inertia This quantity (Ι ) is a property of the mass distribution of a body about an axis (Ι = ∑m•r 2). angular velocity. like the inch-based trade sizes of nuts and bolts. it is often convenient to use the special name “radian” (rad). angular velocity. its SI unit is joule. its SI unit is joule. the distinction between work and moment of force or torque is obvious because work is the scalar product of force and displacement while moment of force or torque involves the vector product of force and moment arm. Although individuals should not convert such designations into SI units. the unit rad. shall not be used as a name for the unit of moment of force or of torque. it is a special name for expressing Celsius temperature and temperature intervals. However. Temperature The SI unit of thermodynamic temperature is the kelvin (K). which has the special name “steradian” (sr). The total angular momentum of a body of moment of inertia Ι (SI unit kg•m2) rotating with angular velocity ω (SI unit 1/s) is Ι•ω (SI unit kg•m2/s). which is a special name for the SI unit of energy and work. often incorrectly called “impact resistance” or “impact strength”. which is equal to the unit kelvin. its coherent SI unit is also the number 1. 1/s. . underlining may be used as a substitute for italics.. so is the language of measurement.g. Note: In “degree Celsius”. and second of plain angle. “degree” is lower case and “Celsius” is capitalized. -4 degrees Celsius or 1. Print unit symbols in upright type regardless of the typestyle used in the surrounding text. Rules for writing SI unit symbols Recommended use of SI units with names and symbols are shown in Table 2-1 and prefixes in Table 2-2. Do not alter unit symbols in the plural. such as A for area. Do not follow unit symbols by a period except when used at the end of a sentence.37lm. Use symbols. not abbreviations. a space shall be left between them. g for gravity acceleration and t for time. 1.5 meter. 2. 4. in which case the first letter of the symbol is capitalized (e. the symbol “L” is recommended for USA use. m for mass. Names of units may be plural for numeric values greater than 1. 0 degrees Celsius. Symbols. 1. -1 degree Celsius.37 lm (for 2. 0 degree Celsius. Any use of the script “ell” as a symbol for liter is deprecated. Prefix symbols use either lowercase or uppercase letters as shown in Table 2-7. . Example: Meter is the unit used for some Olympic events. 7. “degree centigrade” is obsolete. Its symbols are identical in all languages. Unit symbols retain their prescribed form regardless of the surrounding typography. k for kilo M for mega. Uniformity of usage facilitates comprehension and leads to clarity in communications. Since the letter symbol “l” can easily be confused with the numeral “1”. and does not constitute a standard. The short form for metric units and prefixes are called symbols. Other symbols are generally lower case*.1 meter. Force is measured in newtons. The first letter of a symbol is capitalized when the name of the unit is derived from the name of a person. headings and other instances in which all main words are capitalized. Examples: Unit Name meter liter kilogram newton pascal Symbol m L* kg N Pa *In 1979. not 35mm.Editorial guide Introduction The metric system is the international language of measurement. -0. The importance of precise use of capital and lowercase letters is shown by the following examples. Just as the English language is governed by rules of spelling. 5. 2. The exception is the symbol for liter. Examples: G stands for giga. not 20 C. n for nano Names of units and prefixes are not capitalized except at the beginning of a sentence and in those titles. L. 0. Plural name usage. For o o example. g for gram K for kelvin. the CGPM approved “L” and “l” as alternative symbols for liter. use “A”. m for milli N for newton. For example.g. In typewriting or longhand. This Editorial guide is a recommended practice intended to serve as a guide to accepted and consistent USA usage of the metric system. equal to 0 or less than -1. ½ liter. EXCEPTION – No space is left between the number and the symbol for degree. and 20 C. Italic letters are reserved for quantity symbols. If the value of a quantity is expressed as a numerical value and a unit symbol. 100 m. 3. Examples: When you add 15 g of salt … The length of the field is 350 m. and not “amp”. All other values take only the singular form of the unit name.37 lumens). Examples: 1 m. write 35 mm. for units. Write letter unit symbols in lowercase (e.2 degree Celsius.1 meters. Do not leave any space between the prefix and unit symbols. W.. Pa). for ampere. not 2. punctuation and pronunciation. cd) unless the unit name has been derived from a proper name. minute. 6. Examples: 100 meters. thus. Unit symbols The symbol for a compound unit that is the product of two or more units is indicated by either a raised dot. Units formed by multiplication and division Unit names 1.” “kPa (absolute). do not attempt to construct SI equivalents of the abbreviations “psia” (pounds per square inch.” nor kilojoules thermal (energy). To avoid ambiguity in complicated expressions. for newton meter Examples: N•m or N m For limited character sets where the raised dot is not possible. watt per square meter 4. cubic meter.” For the same reason. “ … an electric power of 1. henries for the plural of henry. Symbols. nameplates. EXCEPTION – The names for hertz. The symbol for a quotient of two or more units is indicated in one of the following ways: Examples: m/s or m•s-1 or m s Do not use more than one solidus in the same expression unless parentheses are inserted to avoid ambiguity. the use of a modifier in parentheses. and in table headings. kWh.” and “hectare. the first letter of a unit name is not capitalized except at the beginning of a sentence or in capitalized material such as a title.” which are often used to distinguish between absolute and gage pressure.” “kilohm. Use a space (preferred) or a hyphen: Examples: newton meter or newton-meter In the case of watt hour the space may be omitted. qualify the name of the quantity appropriately. do not use MWe.” or “V (ac).4 MW. Use the word “per” and not a solidus: Examples: meter per second. Spelled-out unit names are treated as common nouns in English. the raised dot is often omitted. Thus. 3. but not J/mol/K Mixtures Do not mix symbols and unit names in the same expression. such as “kPa (gage). use a space. . kilowatthour (a non-SI unit).” is permitted. graph labels. Use plurals as required by the rules of English grammar. Vac.” In all other cases where the unit name begins with a vowel. a modifier may be placed before the unit name: Examples: square millimeters. for example. unit symbols are preferred over unit names. thus. Thus. Product. both vowels are retained and both are pronounced. VAC. Powers. absolute) and “psig. thus: Examples: watthour 2. or by a space. Examples: J/(mol•K) or J•mol-1•K-1 or (J/mol)/K. lux and siemens remain unchanged in plural. “megawatt electrical (power).” Where space is limited. the final vowel in the prefix is commonly omitted: “megohm. 2. Quotient. Use the modifier “squared” or “cubed” placed after the unit name: Examples: meter per second squared In case of area or volume. Do not leave a space or place a hyphen between the prefix and unit name. kJt. For example.” If the context leaves any doubt as to what is meant. such as on gages. Examples: joules per kilogram or J/kg Do not write: joules/kilogram nor joules/kg nor joules•kg-1 Attachments to unit symbols Attachment of letters to a unit symbol as a means of giving information about the nature of the quantity under consideration is incorrect.Rules for writing unit names The handling of unit names varies internationally because of language differences. Use instead “ … at a gage pressure of 13 kPa” or “ … at an absolute pressure of 13 kPa. In three cases. which is preferred. The following rules should be followed in USA: 1. In the case of kW•h. not meter/second 3.” “volts ac. as is the space. only one prefix should be used in forming a multiple or submultiple of a compound unit. except in very weak materials. but 1500 meters of 2-mm diameter wire. In tables of values of the same quantity. because of conflicts with the SI prefixes. the following factors may justify deviation from these prefixes: 1.e.e.3 nm.3 mµm 2. one can eliminate zeros (i. the centimeter is usually used for body measurements and clothing sizes. For example. Thus. not 2. express it by using a power of ten applied to the unit. one particular multiple or submultiple is often used. Prefixes in compound units A compound unit is a derived unit that is expressed in terms of two or more units. Roman numerals. Examples: kilogram. 10 kilometer run or 10 km run. Examples: 1 cm3 = (10-2 m)3 = 10-6 m3 2.Rules for writing SI prefixes In general. etc. deka. use the SI prefixes to indicate orders of magnitude.23 nm).4 µµF If a value is required outside the range covered by the prefixes. square hectometer. give preference to prefixes representing 1000 raised to a positive or negative integral power. Selection When expressing a quantity by a numerical value and a unit. Examples: mm for dimensions on engineering drawings MPa for stress.5 m.3 km). for which kPa may be more convenient GPa for modulus of elasticity in most materials. A common unit-multiple is preferable even when some of the numerical values may require up to five or six digits before the decimal point. In expressing area and volume.5 ns-1 = 2. Ordinarily.3 km) and leading zeros in decimal numbers (i. Do not use M to indicate thousands (as in MCF for thousands of cubic feet or in MCM for thousands of circular mills) nor MM to indicate millions. 0. Never use prefix alone..3 x 103 m becomes 12. the millimeter is used for linear dimensions in engineering drawings even when the values lie far outside the range of 0. 2. for example. A prefix should not be used without a unit. not 13 L 580 mL Slang. cubic decimeter. deci and centi may be required. For simplicity. not 40 mm wide and 1. Normally the prefix should be attached to a unit in the numerator. Examples: 40 mm wide and 1500 mm long. 13..5 m long.1 and 1000. 12. not 1. provide a convenient alternative to powers-of-ten notation preferred in computation (i. For certain quantities in particular applications. therefore.58 L. Mixing prefixes should be avoided unless the difference in size is extreme. except elastomers kg/m3 for mass density In a table of values for the same quantity. not 10 K run. 12 300 m becomes 12.5(10-9 s)-1 = 2. 3. or in a discussion of such values within a given context. the same unit multiple should be used for all items even when some of the numerical values may require up to five or six digits before the decimal point. give preference to a prefix that yields a numerical value between 0. Two units should not be used for one quantity. SI prefixes. cubic centimeter. Examples: kV/m is usually preferable to V/mm MJ/kg is usually preferable to kJ/g kg/m3 is usually preferable to g/cm3 (NOTE – 1000 kg/m3 = 1 kg/dm3 = 1 g/cm3) Compound prefixes Do not use prefixes formed by the juxtaposition of two or more SI prefixes. the prefixes hecto.e.1 mm to 1000 mm. nor C to indicate hundreds. not kilo. Examples: 3.4 pF.001 23 µm becomes 1. rather than by a single special name. Examples: 1.5 x 109 s-1 7 mm2/s = 7(10-3 m)2/s = 7 x 10-6 m2/s .. An exception to this is when the kilogram occurs in the denominator. However. not 3 m 50 cm or 3 m 500 mm. it is preferable to use the same unit multiple throughout.. Examples: 2 MJ = 2 x 106 J Powers of units An exponent attached to a symbol containing a prefix indicates that the multiple or submultiple of the unit (the unit with its prefix) is raised to the power expressed by the exponent. or in a discussion of such values within a given context. 5 g.46 24. etc. “volume. In numbers of four digits on either side of the decimal marker the space is usually not necessary. Because billion means a thousand million in the USA but a million million in most other countries. have sometimes been defined as powers of two. kilo has been used to mean 1024 (i. Because the names for numbers one billion and larger are not uniform worldwide. therefore. such as those where the denominator is 2.2 cm3/m3.2 x 10-6. The coherent SI unit is then the ratio of two identical SI units and may be expressed by the number one (for example. fixed space to separate the groups. EU use 23. write a zero before the decimal marker. as for example refractive index. How the terms billion. mega has been used to mean 1048 576 (i. however. are defined as the ratio of two compatible quantities. Examples: 0. m/m = 1). etc.1334 Where this practice is followed.” respectively. the practice of inserting spaces to separate groups of numbers is not customary. the width of the space should be constant even if.” or “the amount-ofsubstance fraction Pb in the sample is 2. counting from the decimal marker toward the left and the right. Billion . This practice frequently leads to confusion and is deprecated.478. or the friction factor. as is often the case in printing. relative mass density. trillion. the abbreviations ppm for parts per million and ppb for parts per billion.. a quantity of dimension one may be expressed by the ratio of units (for example.478) may cause ambiguity. recommended international practice calls for separating the digits into groups of three. Avoid. but they would not be permissible if the words “mass”.141 596 73 722 0.46 Hyphens are used when a quantity is placed in an adjectival sense. The number one is generally not written out explicitly when a quantity of dimension one is expressed numerically. The percent symbol (%) may be used for the number 0. which are more understandable and. 210). Such quantities have a dimensional product – or dimension – equal to 1 and are therefore expressed by pure numbers. therefore.” are permissible. Decimal notation is preferred with metric measurements. Numbers Decimal marker In the USA.7 x 10-3. the decimal marker is a dot on the line. 1.jimloy. justified spacing is used between words. such as in engineering drawings and financial statements. preferred.Prefixes defined as powers of two In the computer field the SI prefixes kilo. 3 or 4.com/math/billion. Outside the USA.01. respectively.e. etc. A 35-mm film … The width is 35 mm. Examples: Multiplication factor Prefix Symbol Term USA Other countries 1 000 000 000 000=1012 tera T trillion billion 1 000 000 000=109 giga G billion milliard Quantities expressed as pure numbers Certain so-called dimensionless quantities.” and “amount of substance. mm/m = 10-3). Examples: 25. 220). When writing numbers less than one.7 mmol/mol. do not use terms such as parts per billion and parts per trillion. When expressing the values of quantities of dimension one. More generally. and using a thin. .9).htm.0 EXCEPTION – Uniformity of inscription on drawings with limit dimensions. the comma is widely used as the decimal marker. These three fractions can also be expressed as 0. Examples: 25 not 25.75 kg and 0.. but simple fractions are acceptable (except on engineering drawings). avoid the term and similar terms for large numbers in international communications. the meaning has to be clear. Examples: 2. giga.00 25 not 24. To avoid this potential source of confusion. relate throughout the world is well outlined at the following site: http://www. relative permeability. In some applications.7 L are preferred. 1. except for uniformity in tables. the common practice in the USA of using a comma to separate digits into groups of three (as in 23. That is. is acceptable (except on engineering drawings) Nonsignificant zeros are normally not used. ½ g.e.9 kg/kg. Expressions like "The mass fraction of Pt in the sample is 90% (or 0. In certain special applications.” “the volume fraction of CO2 in the sample is 1. and 2. were not in the three expressions. Examples: A 3-meter pole … The length is 3 meters. mega. compares national standards with them. the gram. The 14th CGPM in 1971 added a seventh base unit. practical measurements in metric units began to be based on the meter-kilogram-second (MKS) system. participated in this conference. and supplementary units. A unit of time was added to produce the centimeter-gram-second (CGS) system. the definition based upon the wavelength of a krypton-86 radiation was replaced by one based on the speed of light by the 17th CGPM in 1983. International System of Units. the newton per square meter. . Measurement of additional quantities required for science and commerce has necessitated development of additional fundamental and derived units. the 20th CGPM in 1995 eliminated supplementary units as a separate class in SI. capacity.. remain unchanged. It was not until 1790. Numerous other systems based on the meter and gram have been used. and mass. In order to increase the precision of realization of the SI base unit meter. yotta (Y) for 1024. The importance of the regulation of weights and measures was recognized in Article 1. The 12th CGPM in 1964 made some refinements. ohm. The mass of a cubic centimeter of water. international standardization began with an 1870 meeting of 17 nations in Paris that lead to the May 20. and it was adopted also in scientific and technical circles. the unit of electric current. at the time of the introduction of the International System. A General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) was also constituted to handle all international matters concerning the metric system. Because of the experimental difficulties in realizing a Planck radiator at high temperatures and the new possibilities offered by radiometry. The class of supplementary units contained two units: the radian (rad) for plane angle and the steradian (sr) for solid angle (see Table 3). was adopted as a practical measure to benefit industry and commerce. thus defining the MKSA system. the joule per kilogram. th The 10 CGPM in 1954 adopted a rationalized and coherent system of units based on the four MKSA units. and the siemens (S) as a special name for the unit of electric conductance. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) represents the United States in these activities.e. the mole.History Development of the International System of Units (SI) The decimal system of units was conceived in the 16th century. When SI was established by the 11th CGPM in 1960. About the year 1900. and approved the pascal (Pa) as a special name for the SI unit of pressure or stress. Since then. Section 8. The option of using them or not using them in expressions for other SI derived units. and revised the definition of the candela. with the radian and steradian classified as derived units. was selected as a base unit. Considering that plane angle is generally expressed as the ratio between two lengths and a solid angle as the ratio between an area and the square of a length. or volt-for a fourth base unit. and the becquerel (Bq) as a special name for the SI unit of activity of a radionuclide. i. coulomb. SI consists of only two classes of units: base units and derived units. and approved two special names: the gray (Gy) as a special name for the SI unit of absorbed dose. The 15th CGPM in 1975 added prefixes for 1018 and 1015. and conducts research to establish new standards. exa (E) and peta (P) respectively. both for metric and customary weights and measures. derived units. In 1935. Meanwhile. that the French National Assembly requested the French Academy of Sciences to work out a system of units suitable for adoption by the entire world. the 11th CGPM left open the question of the nature of these supplementary units. zepto (z) for 10-21. the international meter and kilogram became the fundamental standards of length and mass in the United States. The metric system was legalized in this country in 1866. including the United States. This system was based on the meter as a unit of length. It also adopted a special name sievert (Sv) for the SI unit of dose equivalent in the field of radioprotection. when there was a great confusion and a jumble of units of weights and measures. The CGPM meets at least every six years in Paris and controls the International Bureau of Weights and Measures. area. it had three classes of units. volume. the recipocal ohm or the ampere per volt. 1875 Convention du Mètre and the establishment of a permanent International Bureau of Weights and Measures near Paris. Because of this interpretation. In 1893. Subsequently the ampere. However. Thirty-six countries. as is convenient. one per second. when the United States Constitution was written in 1787. This implies that the quantities plane angle and solid angle are considered dimensionless derived quantities. base units. and yocto (y) for 10-24. The 11th CGPM in 1960 formally gave it the full title. Physicists soon realized the system’s advantages. for which the abbreviation is “SI” in all languages. adopted in 1881 by the International Electrical Congress. the 16th CGPM in 1979 adopted a new definition of the SI base unit candela. however. The 19th CGPM in 1991 added the prefix zetta (Z) for 1021. which in turn preserves the metric standards. renamed the unit of temperature as the kelvin (K). the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) acted favorably on a proposal originally made by Professor Giovanni Giorgi in 1901 and recommended that the MKS system of mechanics be linked with the electromagnetic system of units by adoption of one of the units-ampere. and the 13th CGPM in 1967 redefined the second. in 1980 the CIPM (the International Committee for Weights and Measures of the CGPM) specified that in the International System the supplementary units radian and steradian are dimensionless derived units that may be used or omitted in expressing the values of physical quantities. the measurement of optical radiation power. plus the Kelvin as the unit of temperature and the candela as the unit of luminous intensity. The metric system of 1875 provide a set of units for the measurement of length. it is responsible for • Establishing the fundamental standards and scales for measurement of the principal physical quantities and maintaining the international prototypes. Poland.15 exactly) MISCELLANEOUS PRESSURE BASES International standard atmosphere = 0. Portugal.15) = (Celsius degrees + 273. Spain. Austria. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures) has its headquarter near Paris. Brazil. • Carrying out comparisons of national and international standards. the United States of America. At each meeting it receives the Report of the International Committee on the work accomplished. Czech Republic. Norway. Israel. Korea (Republic of). • Confirming the results of new fundamental metrological determinations and the various scientific resolutions of international scope. Iran. Indonesia. Bulgaria. Sweden. Japan. Netherlands. New Zealand. Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures). which itself comes under the authority of the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM. The technical atmospheric pressure is defined in the German standard DIN 1314 as 1 kg-force/cm2. Turkey. France.0332 kgf/cm2 = 14. 48 nations were members of this Convention: Argentina (Republic of). • Carrying out and coordinating the determinations relating to the fundamental physical constants that are involved in the above-mentioned activities. Korea (Democratic People’s Republic of). Système International d’Unités). 1 technical atmospheric pressure1 = 1 at = 0.96 in Hg absolute pressure = atmospheric pressure + recorded pressure ata = at + atϋ (gauge) atϋ = atmospheric overpressure (Germany) NOTE 1. Canada. Chile.101325 MPa (megapascal) = 1. In October 1995. The BIPM operates under the exclusive supervision of the International Committee for Weight and Measures (CIPM. China (People’s Republic of). United Kingdom. which is the modern form of the metric system. Belgium. Germany. Russian Federation. Slovak Republic. its upkeep is financed jointly by the member nations of the Convention du Mètre. Pakistan. Italy. Ireland. Mexico. • Adopting the important decisions concerning the organization and development of the BIPM.98067 bar = 1 kgf/cm2 = 1 kp/cm2 = 14. Thailand. South Africa. Uruguay. Australia.223 lbf/in2 = 735. placed at its disposal by the French Government. The task of BIPM is to ensure worldwide unification of physical measurements.6 mm Hg = 28. Romania. Singapore. Finland. Hungary. STANDARD CONDITIONS AND PHYSICAL CONSTANTS STANDARD CONDITIONS Standard gravity acceleration g = 9. Dominican Republic Egypt. • Ensuring the coordination of corresponding measuring techniques. Cameroon. International des Poids et Mesures). and it is responsible for • Discussing and instigating the arrangements required to ensure the propagation and improvement of the International System of Units (SI.01325 bar = 1. India. Comité.697 lbf/in2. Switzerland. in the grounds of the Pavillon de Breteuil (parc de Saint-Cloud). .1740 ft/s2 Absolute temperature (Thermodynamic temperature) K (kelvin) = (oC + 273.01325 105 N/m2 = 1.80665 m/s2 = 32. and it approximates the barometric pressure at sea level. Denmark. Venezuela. The General Conference consists of delegates from all the member nations of the Convention du Mètre meets at present every four years.The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM. ions.) NOTE-It follows from this definition that the temperature of the triple point of water is 273. second: The second is the duration of 9 192 631 770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the cesium-133 atom. (Adopted by the 9th CGPM in 1948.) 5. mole: The mole is the amount of substance of a system that contains as many elementary entries as there are atoms in 0. (Adopted by the 13th CGPM in 1967. (Adopted by the 17th CGPM in 1983. is the fraction 1/273. 6.Definition of SI Base Units Translation of the original French definitions of the seven base units of the International System are given in the following item 1 through 7. kilogram: The kilogram is the unit of mass. candela: The candela is the luminous intensity. (Adopted by the 16th CGPM in 1979.012 kilogram of carbon-12. The freezing point of water at standard atmospheric pressure is approximately 0.) The metric system is covered in national standards as shown in Table 2-10. in a given direction. TABLE 2-10 SI SYSTEM STANDARDS Global USA Japan Germany France UK Italy Canada Australia ISO ANSI JIS DIN NF BS UNI CSA AS 1000 SI 10 Z8203 1301 X02-004 3763 10003 Z234.) 2.) 4. would produce between these conductors a force equal to 2 x 10-7 newtons per meter of length.2 1000 .) 3. it is equal to the mass of the international prototype of the kilogram. (Adopted by the 13th CGPM in 1967. kelvin: The kelvin.) When the mole is used. of negligible circular cross section. ampere: The ampere is that constant current that. molecules. 1.16 K (0. (Adopted by the 1st and 3rd CGPMs in 1889 and 1901. other particles.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water. unit of thermodynamic temperature. if maintained in two straight parallel conductors of infinite length. of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 x 1012 hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian. electrons. meter: The meter is the length of the path traveled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299 792 458 of a second. the elementary entries must be specified and may be atoms. and placed one meter apart in vacuum. or specified groups of such particles. (Adopted by the 14th CGPM in 1971. 7.01 K below the triple point of water.01 oC). Interpretation of SI for the United States and Metric Conversion Policy for Federal Agencies. Individual standards dealing with quantities in space and time.Part 13: Information science and technology IEC 80000-14:2008 Quantities and units -. NIST Special Publication 330. molecular physics. and Certain Other Units) AS 1000 Metric (SI) System (Australia) ASTM E 29-93a.Part 7: Light ISO 80000-8:2007 Quantities and units -.Part 1: General ISO 80000-2:2009 Quantities and units -.Quantities and units ISO 80000-1:2009 Quantities and units -. units and symbols.Part 10: Atomic and nuclear physics ISO 80000-11:2008 Quantities and units -. heat. 6th edition. NIST Special Publication 811. UNI 10003 Metric (SI) System (Italy) RELATED PUBLICATIONS ISO STANDARDS HANDBOOK Quantities and units SI units and recommendations for the use of their multiples and of certain other units. 1993 3 Ed 345 p ISBN 92-67-10185-4 .Part 14: Telebiometrics related to human physiology IEC/NP 80003-1 Physiological quantities and their units -.Part 5: Thermodynamics IEC 80000-6:2008 Quantities and units -. NIST Technical Note 1265.Part 6: Psychology National USA ANMC Metric Editorial Guide.Part 4: Mechanics ISO 80000-5:2007 Quantities and units -. 1991 Edition.Part 3: Space and time ISO 80000-4:2006 Quantities and units -. 1995 Edition.Part 8: Acoustics ISO 80000-9:2009 Quantities and units -. rd electromagnetic radiation.Part 6: Electromagnetism ISO 80000-7:2008 Quantities and units -. periodic phenomena. 1992 Edition. 1991 Edition.) BS 3763 Metric (SI) System (UK) CSA Z234.2 Metric (SI) System (Canada) DIN 1301 Metric (SI) System (Germany) JIS Z8203 Metric (SI) System (Japan) NF X02-004 Metric (SI) System (France) NIST Special Publication 304.1-1993 American National Standard Letter Symbols for Units of Measurement (SI Units. general principles concerning quantities.Part 2: Physics ISO/CD 80003-3 Physiological quantities and their units -. 1993 Fifth Edition ANSI/IEEE/ASTM SI 10-2010 Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System ANSI/IEEE Std 260.Part 4: Biology IEC/NP 80003-5 Physiological quantities and their units -.Part 1: Modalities ISO/CD 80003-2 Physiological quantities and their units -. Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI). nuclear physics. Customary Inch-Pound Units. etc. chemistry. mechanics. The Modernized Metric System – International System of Units. NIST Special Publication 814.Part 9: Physical chemistry and molecular physics ISO 80000-10:2009 Quantities and units -. Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications BIPM.RELATED ISO STANDARDS TC 12 .Part 5: Culturology IEC/NP 80003-6 Physiological quantities and their units -. Guidelines for Realizing the International Temperature Scale of 990 (ITS-90). electricity and magnetism.Part 3: Chemistry IEC/NP 80003-4 Physiological quantities and their units -. (This publication is in two parts: the official French text followed by an English-language translation.Part 12: Solid state physics IEC 80000-13:2008 Quantities and units -. 1991 Le Systeme International d’Unites (SI).Part 11: Characteristic numbers ISO 80000-12:2009 Quantities and units -.Part 2: Mathematical signs and symbols to be used in the natural sciences and technology ISO 80000-3:2006 Quantities and units -. The International System of Units (SI). clear. and will also provide a sound basis for standardization in related fields.. used in the USA. Computer Drafting. printed or not. Show linear dimensions in inches and decimals on inch drawings. Inch. 8. This will simplify and cheapen ordering. GENERAL INFORMATION ON ENGINEERING DRAWINGS INTRODUCTION The material presented in this chapter is intended to serve as a general guide in finding national and international standards on the subject of Engineering Drawing. far more sizes of paper are used than are really necessary. they do not fulfill the present need for consistency between the sizes of paper and printed matter for various purposes. while the origin of others was due to chance. Metric.5 x 11 in. The ISO paper size. The internationally recognized symbols shown in Fig. Do not change existing inch-dimensioned drawings unless necessary. 3-1 are recommended used whenever practical. is principally used in Europe and in most of the emerging nations. which will save time and reduce costly errors. and at a future date must be produced in another nation. Symbols need no translations and take minimal drawing space. and consistent ranges. Use of Symbols. Computer drafting is recommended. A number of excellent CAE/CAD/CAM computer software are available now. papermaking. and storage and filing equipment. use. still captures a large percentage of the world market. The purpose of the ISO standard is to improve the present position by providing a rationally designed ISO system of trimmed sizes which can bring about a reduction in the number of sizes and create more rational. and is estimated to represent an increasing portion of the world usage of letter-size paper. A4. Consequently.Chapter 3 Engineering Drawing Practice SUMMARY The following are some suggestions for rationalizing and reducing cost in the drawing practice area. It is of great importance for multinational companies to use internationally recognized drawing practices. In many countries. Prepare drawings with metric dimensions only. printing and converting machinery and equipment. dispatch. Some of the considerations made before including the ISO paper sizes in ISO 216 were as follows. Where a machine is initially designed and manufactured in one country. and storage. ISO PAPER SIZES (ISO 216) The familiar letter-paper size. the company will avoid substantial extra expense by producing the machine from the initial drawings. Do not use feet and fractions. production. Many of them came into existence under conditions different from those prevailing today. nor do they meet the many requirements for a coherent relationship between the sizes of paper. . 5459.2692.7083 USA ANSI Y14. GLOBAL ISO 1101.201 2.The ISO symbols are specified in the above national standards. as well as its size.5458.2 shows the three machining symbols not yet adopted by ISO. International and national dimensioning and tolerancing standards.2 AUSTRALIA AS 1100. The Canadian standard CSA B78. FIG 3-1 COMPARISON OF SYMBOLS (ANSI Y14.5M JAPAN JIS B0021 GERMANY DIN 7184 FRANCE NF E04-121 UK BS 308-PART 3 ITALY UNI 7226 CANADA CSA B78. 1. the size tolerances control the geometric form of a feature. 3.NOTES: 1. Rule No.5M) . Where no geometric tolerance is specified. 125 1.313 0.219 0.375 0.73 9.25 0.46 19.5 14 14.563 6. Preferred sizes are shown in ANSI B4.53 11.3 25 31.16 34.5 40 . is shown from 4 to 40.2 and ISO 497.625 0.11 5/32 11/64 3/16 7/32 1/4 9/32 5/16 11/32 3/8 7/16 0.5 12.156 0.281 0.188 1.69 5/8 11/16 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 3/16 1 3/8 1 9/16 0.3 7.93 39.875 5 6 6 8 10 10 12 16 16 20 25 25 30 40 40 GO STOP 5 6. Here is how the preferred metric nominal sizes were developed and how these chosen sizes reflect preferred metric standard sizes for threaded fasteners.Chapter 4 Preferred Numbers SUMMARY The preferred numbering system has played a major role in the development of metric standards.4 28. TABLE 4-1 PREFERRED SIZES (ANSI B4.29 9/16 0.88 17.5 5 5. bars.58 30. The preferred metric sizes are used for nominal sizes in countries where the metric system has been in use for several years.05 22.23 25.97 4.3 8 10 10 12.35 7.375 1.5 6 7 8 9 10 11 3.76 5. simply by multiplying or dividing the numbers shown in Table 4-1 by 10 or multiples of 10.5 5 5.6 6. The R5. steel plates.438 4 4 4 4.2 12 12.563 16 18 20 22 25 28 30 35 40 15.4 25 28 31.5 14 16 16 20 25 1. which.7 1/2 0.2) Preferred Size mm (ISO 497) Preferred Size Inch Preferred Numbers (ISO 3) R5’ R10’ R20’ mm Fractions Decimals R5 R10 R20 4 4 4 4.172 0. etc already in use throughout the world.75 0. R10 and R20 series refers to the Renard 5 (first-choice sizes 60 % increments). Its first known application was in the 1870’s by Charles Renard.1 8 9 10 11. a French army captain who reduced the different diameters of rope for military balloons from 425 to 17.37 4.688 0. How do the preferred metric sizes relate to the inch sizes and the preferred numbers are shown in Table 4-1. You might want to extend the preferred metric size range. Renard 10 (second-choice sizes 25 % increments) and Renard 20 (third-choice sizes 12 % increments) series of preferred numbers standardized in ISO 3.188 0.5 40 40 CAUTION 16 18 20 22.94 8. This is a geometrical series of numbers adopted worldwide. sheets.5 35.14 7.344 0.56 6. B. consider tolerance required as shown in Chapter 6 and Table 5-3. as in Fig. consists of two legs of unequal length inclined at approximately 60 deg. Cost or machining time increases with finer surfaces as shown in Fig. A horizontal bar.3 3. 5-1D). treatment or coating c = sampling length (see Table 5-7) d = direction of lay (see Table 5-8) e = machining allowance f = other roughness values (in brackets. SURFACE TEXTURE VS.2 2000 N12 1. . roughness numbers. indicates that removal of material by machining is not permitted. TABLE 5-1 ROUGHNESS NUMBERS (ISO 1302) Nominal micrometers: microinches: value of Ra ISO Roughness number: 50 25 12. 5-1A. however. A circle. and is based on research carried out on machine tools from 1 to 10 years old. maybe quoted on drawings. 5-3. a = roughness value Ra (CLA) or in grade numbers N1 through N12 (see Table 5-1). 1 The roughness numbers in the N Series are not recognized by ANSI B46. 5-3. as in Fig. b = production method. to the line representing the considered surface.8 0.6 0. Maximum (a1) and minimum (a2) surface roughness limits (if required) are shown here. 5-1D indicates the position of the surface-texture specifications (listed below) in the symbol. as in Fig. The use of the “N” series of roughness numbers is recommended to avoid possible misinterpretation on drawings that are apt to be internationally exchanged. PRODUCTION COSTS A typical relationship of surface texture and production time (cost) is shown in Fig. Machining of surface is required. Position of specifications in the symbol (ISO 1302).1 standard. FIG. 5-1B. C. The chart.2 0. SYMBOLS USED FOR INDICATION OF SURFACE TEXTURE The basic surface texture symbol. Results obtained from common production processes in terms of Ra values (micrometers) are shown in Table 5-4. The chart. Use of the N Series of Roughness Numbers1 Instead of the micrometer values. is not intended to be used for making comparisons between different processes. 5-3. and Fig.4 0. Machining of surface is optional. and D. indicates that removal of material by machining is required.025 1000 500 250 125 63 32 16 8 4 2 1 N11 N10 N9 N8 N7 N6 N5 N4 N3 N2 N1 In order to choose the optimum roughness average level. shows a series of curves displaying production time in relation to Ra values for the range of common machining processes.Chapter 5 Surface Texture SUMMARY The internationally adopted system of measuring surface texture is to use the roughness average parameter designated Ra (Table 5-1).05 0. as in Fig. Machining of the surface is optional.5 6. 5-1C. Fig. Machining of surface is not permitted. 5-1 SURFACE TEXTURE SYMBOLS (ISO 1302) A.1 0. NOTE: The symbols in “D” deviate slightly from the ANSI B46. N1 to N12. cutting tools. between clearance and interference. 6-2. 1 Transition fit for basic sizes in range from 0 through 3 mm. GO metricUSATM.htm. The CD is now available from ANSI. and h6) as shown in Table 6-1.kok.GOmetricUSA. or on the sites:www. greater interference is permissible. The above shaft tolerances are now covered in the new ANSI B32. Tolerance Zones for holes are shown in Fig. NOTE *Complete ISO System of Limits and Fits is now stored a CD KOK ISOTOLTM Computer Tolerancing Software. the tightest fit usable with cast iron. but can be freely assembled and disassembled. material stock. but good for large More Clearance temperature variations. If held to these tolerances.com/order. TABLE 6-1 DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED FITS (ANSI B4. Now also available on-line at the site shown below. or heavy journal pressures. and locate accurately. and gages are generally available throughout the world. H9/d9 D9/h9 Clearance Free running fit not for use where accuracy is essential. material stock. Inc. high running speeds. but to move and turn freely H7/h6 H7/h6 Locational clearance fit provides snug fit for locating stationary parts. H8. The hole basis fits have four preferred hole tolerances (H11. Select the basic size from Table 4-1 and one of the ten fits from Table 6-1 and read or cut and paste limit dimensions and clearances (interferences) from Tables 6-2 through 6-6 or CD.2) ISO SYMBOL Hole DESCRIPTION Shaft Basis Basis H11/c11 C11/h11 Loose running fit for wide commercial tolerances or allowances on external members.Chapter 6 The ISO System of Limits and Fits Tolerances and Deviations SUMMARY* The ISO System of Limits and Fits is a coordinated system of hole and shaft tolerances for engineering and manufacturing used for cutting tools. Interference H7/s6 S7/h6 Medium drive fit for ordinary steel parts or shrink fits on light sections. and H7).org. H9. Fits H7/u6 U7/h6 Force fit suitable for parts which can be highly stressed or for shrink fits where the heavy pressing forces required are impractical. the shaft basis fits have four preferred shaft tolerances (h11. 6-1 and for shafts in Fig. H8/f7 F8/h7 H7/g6 G7/h6 Sliding fit not intended to run freely.org or www. H7/p6 1 P7/h6 Locational interference fit for parts requiring rigidity and alignment with prime accuracy of location but without special bore pressure requirements. gages. etc. More Interference . Transition H7/k6 K7/h6 Locational transition fit for accurate location.1002005 standard. h7. a compromise Fits H7/n6 N7/h6 Locational transition fit for more accurate location where Fits Close running fit for running on accurate machines and for accurate location at moderate speeds and journal pressures. h9. 907 0.000 11.029 MIN 14.966 0.000 23.169 24.000 19.036 6.935 0.061 15.110 21.000 18.935 0.000 18.000 6.013 9.950 0.029 7.980 0.074 19.035 17.110 22.989 0.005 8.935 0.260 8.050 18.795 0.006 14.000 8.959 0.994 0.000 14.795 0.035 11.830 0.000 MAX 15.015 10.000 17.061 16.041 20.760 0.005 9.795 0. S = Second Choice.000 8.000 7.000 0.980 0.018 14.006 15.989 0.110 11. T = Third Choice.095 15.000 13.883 0.090 6.972 0.112 9.000 0.006 17.007 24.065 23.000 19.112 10.983 0.000 0.980 0.000 MAX 19.994 0.883 0.050 13.984 0.015 8.993 0.907 0.984 0.136 15.000 T19 F20 T21 S22 .000 0.021 23.905 0.959 0.041 24.169 20.050 7.890 0.994 0.074 21.095 18.980 0.000 17.000 MAX 18.095 17.000 8.000 0.994 0.015 7.000 0.016 16.983 0.034 24.260 10.016 18.074 23.029 MIN 12.983 0.000 22.061 17.024 MIN 7.110 19.061 13.112 8.924 0.018 16.000 0.000 10.110 12.907 0.760 0.920 0.000 6.136 13.966 0.043 10.000 11.000 0.989 0.112 7.000 0.000 8.080 8.000 18.035 14.034 23.760 0.016 14.000 20.960 0.033 20.018 10.021 19.984 0.983 0.000 22.890 0.795 0.018 13.983 0.035 12.018 13.000 12.980 0.000 10.033 21.043 12.760 0.080 9.000 T23 MAX 23.050 9.016 13.015 8.005 7.000 13-989 0.061 18.993 0.000 23.021 20.980 0.007 20.000 7.960 0.907 0.984 0.065 22.950 0.924 0.130 23.007 23.000 0.015 7.061 14.000 6.169 22.000 10.090 7.000 9.984 0.995 0.090 9.169 21.000 20.050 15.987 0.052 23.972 0.029 8.260 9.022 9.370 24.130 22.029 MIN 13.795 0.000 12.050 12.315 16.029 MIN 16.000 MAX 16.966 0.035 13.000 MAX 14.959 0.960 0.000 23.315 11.050 8.065 19.991 0.000 14.018 17.130 19.000 T24 MIN MAX 24.016 11.021 21.036 8.018 18.110 14.000 17.000 14.000 9.095 12.021 23.986 0.050 16.110 13.052 20.040 9.027 11.000 15.000 19.907 0.000 16.016 17.029 MIN 18.020 19.987 0.989 0.000 MAX 8.935 0.315 14.000 9.890 0.022 6.006 16.029 MIN 15.994 0.986 0.041 23.000 MAX 20.130 20.110 16.110 17.950 0.036 9.024 MIN 9.034 MIN 20.000 0.987 0.907 0.006 18.043 16.000 10.830 0.984 0.993 0.370 22.000 0.993 0.029 10.016 12.987 0.000 21.007 19.016 15.959 0.000 23.315 18.993 0.007 21.041 19.986 0.000 21.021 19.989 0.370 20.022 7.966 0.000 16.027 16.950 0.315 15.795 0.890 0.020 22.000 13.036 7.018 12.027 13.000 0.000 22.000 MAX 12.987 0.315 17.980 0.020 20.018 11.029 9.013 8.022 8.986 0.050 10.035 18.905 0.980 0. ANSI B4.984 0.061 11.110 20.995 0.033 22.035 16. tooling and gages is anticipated for sizes marked with "S" (Second Choice) and "T" (Third Choice).024 MIN 8.041 22.065 24.021 18.950 0.000 8.991 0.960 0. 2.018 16.000 20.021 22.015 9.905 0.000 12.000 MAX 9.000 22.000 21.050 17.029 MIN 11.015 9.018 12.950 0.007 22.000 9.027 10.905 0.TABLE 6-2 PREFERRED HOLE BASIS CLEARANCE FITS (ANSI B4.920 0.989 0.021 22.980 0.034 MIN 19.000 10.095 16.966 0.994 0.095 11.050 14.000 12.130 21.315 12.080 7.000 14.169 19.136 12.000 14.013 10.989 0.2 lists limit dimensions for nominal sizes marked "F" (First Choice) only.000 20.136 11.905 0.995 0.991 0.890 0. Select nominal sizes to preference rating as follows: F = First Choice.000 MIN NOTES: 1.095 13.136 14.883 0.370 21.000 21.000 6.090 8.043 11.018 14.000 21.000 MAX 17.065 21.972 0.050 11.015 6.052 18.074 20.169 23.052 22.018 11.000 MAX 21.065 20.924 0.000 0.040 7.000 9.991 0.905 0.795 0.987 0.950 0.760 0.000 7.000 MAX 11.935 0.000 7.080 10.000 MAX 10.000 15.987 0.760 0.018 17.795 0.000 7.013 7.033 19.980 0.959 0.000 16.043 17.260 7.000 15.000 11.000 MAX 22.959 0.040 8.052 19.000 13.000 19.315 13.029 MIN 17.074 22.000 15.034 MIN 21.006 12.987 0. 23.033 18.110 23.018 15.883 0.000 19.000 12.000 0.983 0.006 13.000 16.980 0.950 0.907 0.005 10.2) mm LOOSE FREE RUNNING BASIC SIZE S7 F8 S9 F10 S11 F12 T13 S14 T15 F16 T17 S18 HOLE SHAFT H11 c11 CLOSE RUNNING DIFF HOLE SHAFT H9 d9 SLIDING LOCATIONAL RUNNING DIFF HOLE SHAFT H8 f7 CLEARANCE DIFF HOLE SHAFT H7 g6 DIFF HOLE SHAFT H7 h6 DIFF MAX 7.984 0.000 0.043 15.130 18.905 0.006 11.020 24.110 24.920 0.000 18.987 0.136 18.000 17.966 0.000 13.883 0. A cost penalty for material stock.027 14.993 0.994 0.995 0.924 0.000 20.883 0.987 0.000 15.021 24.000 11.000 0.052 21.972 0.033 23.966 0.905 0.027 15.920 0.000 22.027 17.994 0.040 10.074 24.043 14.830 0.890 0.000 0.830 0.041 21.370 23.966 0.095 14.061 12.110 15.136 17.024 MIN 10.020 21.021 21.983 0.000 MAX 13.000 17.000 16.000 18.000 6.018 15.907 0.983 0.935 0.034 MIN 22.980 0.035 15.043 13.370 19.020 23.136 16.000 11.021 20.110 10.027 12. 006 17.028 -0.018 12.033 -0.000 7.039 17.000 19.000 13.000 18.014 20.021 24.015 -0.048 20.001 -0.010 MIN 8.012 15.019 7.000 14.039 11.021 23.000 23.015 0.010 MIN 10.000 20.000 16.044 MAX 15.019 0.054 S11 F12 T15 S18 T21 S22 T23 T24 H7 DIFF 0.000 19.000 8.017 13.021 23.015 -0.010 11.021 21.000 19.024 0.000 14.029 0.018 14.018 15.015 9.044 F16 MAX 16.018 12.035 -0.044 T19 MAX 19.015 10.012 -0.037 0.015 0.000 16.028 24.020 MIN 21.000 18.019 10.014 10.012 0.018 13.039 13.015 20.024 0.021 19.035 22.022 -0.044 T17 MAX 17.001 -0.018 11.015 -0.054 -0.000 18.013 -0.023 16.013 -0.015 0.019 0.024 0. 2.000 7.015 MIN 17.000 15.048 19.000 19.015 -0.000 17.018 17.029 0.018 17.035 -0.000 24.037 -0.000 16.014 9.015 0.018 -0.018 11.037 0.021 20.000 7.018 17.015 -0.037 -0.023 -0.012 0.018 11.035 -0.028 20.023 17.000 14.028 19.000 7.000 15.000 23.035 21.039 -0.000 17.018 18.015 8.015 -0.005 10.024 9.021 20.000 18.021 24.019 22.000 13.000 10.023 14.017 14.018 -0.012 MIN 11.015 8.048 0.000 9.021 19.000 12.001 -0.2) mm LOCATIONAL TRANSN LOCATIONAL TRANSN LOCATIONAL INTERF BASIC SIZE HOLE SHAFT H7 k6 MAX 7.035 -0.010 -0.015 -0.000 21.010 8.035 -0.000 13.024 8.000 22.022 -0.015 7.018 11.033 -0.035 -0.019 19.028 0.018 -0.000 15.000 17.048 0.000 14.000 15.048 21.037 0.023 0.000 7.018 14. 24.012 14.018 -0.054 MAX 24.020 MIN 19.029 0.002 -0.014 19.015 -0.022 -0.035 -0.044 -0.015 9.000 9.012 16.012 0.000 16.010 14.010 9.001 19.032 -0.008 10.001 23.018 11.018 -0.021 21.039 -0.039 -0.054 -0.054 MAX 21.054 -0.039 16.000 16. tooling and gages is anticipated for sizes marked with "S" (Second Choice) and "T" (Third Choice).000 T13 MAX MIN MAX S14 DIFF HOLE SHAFT DIFF HOLE SHAFT DIFF HOLE SHAFT 7.039 12.000 17.028 22.002 -0.015 0.044 -0.000 13.032 7.000 10.018 18.006 12.035 19.001 -0.013 -0.015 7.000 18.015 19.015 9.015 24.000 16.017 17.010 10.054 -0.000 9.029 18.000 12. S = Second Choice.000 22.018 16.000 21.015 MIN 13.018 15.029 15.015 10.032 9.041 -0.015 8.021 24.006 16.029 0.000 12.033 -0.021 19.021 23.010 16.018 13.028 -0.054 MAX 22.023 -0.006 13.019 21.010 -0.018 16.044 -0.006 23.006 24.023 -0.018 16.010 S9 H7 DIFF n6 F8 p6 FORCE H7 S7 H7 MEDIUM DRIVE u6 .021 20.054 -0.028 0.023 13.037 -0.012 0.015 -0.035 23.044 -0.002 -0.019 23.006 11.015 12.015 7.032 -0.037 -0.008 9.014 22.041 -0.012 -0.006 14.021 22.017 16.000 10.015 10.000 24.010 MIN 9.029 17.022 -0.006 20.015 MIN 16.006 18.000 11.018 -0.033 -0.028 -0.021 21.033 -0.015 MIN 18.015 -0.012 -0.023 11.020 MIN 22.020 MIN 23.001 24.041 -0.035 -0.039 15.000 18.001 12.000 17.029 13.028 -0.000 8.018 14.000 12.012 -0.029 0.033 -0.019 9.021 19.039 -0.021 21.023 15.010 15.021 22.000 14.000 8.032 8.008 8.010 MIN 7.039 18.018 14.015 MIN 15.000 23.001 MAX 8.048 23.010 13.012 -0.000 12.023 18.029 11.005 8.014 8.028 -0.048 0.021 20.012 13.054 MAX 23.015 9.000 22. T = Third Choice.000 22.033 -0.021 24.015 7.000 8.000 10.000 17.000 22.014 21.041 -0.015 0.000 11.001 -0.029 12.022 -0.018 14.014 23.010 12.001 22.044 MAX 14.023 0.028 -0.015 7.017 15.012 12.021 23.044 -0.000 15.010 17.018 16. Select nominal sizes to preference rating as follows: F = First Choice.000 11.028 -0.017 18.000 8.018 15.029 0.017 12.024 10.000 10.021 24.035 24.001 MAX 5.001 20.041 -0.048 MIN NOTES: 1.015 9.012 18.044 -0.029 0.039 14.000 13.018 16.012 -0.015 MIN 14.028 -0.048 0.029 0.006 15.018 18.032 -0.018 12.015 10.035 -0.029 0.029 14.054 F20 MAX 20.039 -0.018 18.018 13.019 20.000 20.015 8.018 12.032 -0.000 7.014 F10 s6 HOLE SHAFT -0.023 -0.000 24.035 -0.000 11.028 -0.015 23.032 10.000 13.008 7.000 9.028 0.018 -0.000 21.000 19.048 0.012 0.018 15.000 23.024 0.021 22. ANSI B4.001 -0.006 21.000 23.001 MAX 11.019 8.006 19.044 MAX 18.021 22.000 21.039 -0.001 21.2 lists limit dimensions for nominal sizes marked "F" (First Choice) only.012 -0.028 0.012 0.028 23.029 16.012 17.021 21.010 18.002 -0.035 20.018 12.000 9.021 20.020 24.017 11.028 -0.000 11.002 -0.000 20.010 -0.028 21.012 -0.028 0.023 12.044 12.019 0.018 13.044 13.018 18.019 24.000 15.018 -0.035 -0.023 0.000 14.018 17.018 13.023 0. A cost penalty for material stock.015 -0.015 21.035 -0.054 -0.044 -0.028 -0.023 0.000 21.044 -0.006 22.022 -0.023 0.015 8.039 -0.013 7.000 20.000 20.005 7.028 0.023 0.048 0.024 7.012 0.000 11.000 24.021 23.041 -0.037 0.000 24.000 9.018 17.021 19.028 -0.001 -0.000 10.014 24.021 22.010 -0.001 MAX 10.018 15.000 8.048 22.015 22.002 -0.019 0.TABLE 6-3 PREFERRED HOLE BASIS TRANSITION AND INTERFERENCE FITS (ANSI B4.033 -0.012 11.039 -0.015 10.005 9.020 MIN 20. 982 0.040 7.987 0.020 23.024 14.006 14.061 15.015 8.000 0.043 13.065 22.093 16.028 23.000 0.043 18.050 8.043 11.041 23.136 13.000 0.000 0.170 9. S = Second Choice.000 0.018 16.989 0.982 0.991 0.982 0.000 18.024 15.000 0.117 22.136 15.021 21.024 MIN 7.034 MIN 21.065 19.991 0.000 10.000 0.000 0.028 22.985 0.000 MAX 10.991 0.029 MIN 13.016 12.053 24.007 23.050 10.982 0.315 18.035 14.021 24. ANSI B4.000 0.000 MAX 17.035 10.957 0.000 0.890 0.018 15.169 23.093 18.315 12.007 19.020 10.041 19.989 0.076 8.000 0.987 0.000 0.040 9.985 0.024 18.000 0.240 19.315 13. Select nominal sizes to preference rating as follows: F = First Choice.007 MIN NOTES: 1.989 0.000 0.964 0.TABLE 6-4 PREFERRED SHAFT BASIS CLEARANCE FITS (ANSI B4.035 12.000 0.000 0.315 17.005 8.000 0.000 8.205 17.006 15.000 0.315 16.005 6.095 12.000 0.000 0.080 8.000 MAX 21.000 0.000 0.007 20.370 20.035 9.000 0.000 MAX 14.093 17.040 8.169 20.000 20.000 0.040 6.020 22.028 24.000 0.000 9.074 21.000 0.000 F12 MAX 12.006 10.095 16.205 14.240 22.029 MIN 17.040 10.000 MAX 18.987 0.080 7.065 24.000 0.006 16.000 22.000 0.095 11.029 7.982 0.240 20.076 7.982 0.890 0.110 22.016 13.957 0.006 14.080 9.053 21.029 MIN 11.050 15.000 0.050 13.018 13.053 20.043 16.948 0.000 0.989 0.095 16.095 14.000 0.005 8.061 13.110 22.013 7.260 10.007 22.870 0.043 17.987 0.028 19.000 0.041 21.034 MIN 20.989 0.000 0.006 17.074 23.093 14.000 0.016 13.000 6.370 23.053 19.095 18.000 0.989 0.987 0.029 8.000 0.050 9.890 0.000 0.021 22.948 0.370 24.000 0.016 16.035 17.890 0.000 0.117 24.170 8.006 12.370 22.000 0.006 13.987 0.000 0.020 19.015 7.989 0.020 22.050 11.050 14.035 15.000 MAX 22.061 11.979 0.040 9.005 7.034 24.095 15.065 23.000 12.964 0.065 19.018 12.000 0.006 13.315 15.095 10. tooling and gages is anticipated for sizes marked with "S" (Second Choice) and "T" (Third Choice).000 15.957 0.035 13.034 MIN 23.016 11.005 9.000 0.006 11.000 0.093 11.020 24.370 19.982 0.015 10.000 19.000 0.000 0.169 22.050 16.000 MAX 16.007 21.050 11.000 0.050 14.050 17.000 0.076 9.013 8.013 10.987 0.000 0.000 0.957 0.979 0.024 17.007 20.370 21.013 7.136 14.034 MIN 22.112 7.989 0.007 21.000 0.2) mm BASIC SIZE LOOSE RUNNING HOLE SHAFT DIFF FREE RUNNING HOLE SHAFT DIFF CLOSE RUNNING HOLE SHAFT DIFF SLIDING HOLE SHAFT LOC CLEARANCE DIFF HOLE SHAFT DIFF C11 h11 D9 h9 F8 h7 G7 h6 H7 h6 MAX 7.987 0.985 0.080 7.016 11.000 17.000 MAX 9.890 0.205 15.000 0.029 MIN 18.095 11.110 23.000 0.890 0.000 14.948 0.870 0.065 21.205 18.040 8.000 MAX 13.240 23.050 10.050 7.021 20.035 16.000 0.957 0.035 18.065 21.989 0.035 7.016 15.989 0.053 23.095 13.957 0.000 MAX 24.000 0.074 20.050 18.034 MIN 19.018 17.205 11.000 0.000 0.080 10.050 12.000 MAX 20.053 22.000 0.000 MAX 19.000 MAX 8.000 0.029 MIN 12.000 0.991 0.095 17.000 0.074 22.000 0.890 0.110 21.000 0.016 14.020 7.000 0. 24.000 0.979 0.112 8.065 18.095 15.957 0.240 24.013 9.000 0.000 0.979 0.006 18.093 15.050 13.020 21.136 17.000 0.007 23.985 0.065 20.910 0.028 21.016 15.110 24.029 MIN 16.000 0. T = Third Choice.065 22:948 0.870 0.007 18.000 MAX 23.000 16.260 9.870 0.020 8.979 0.006 17.020 9.205 13.989 0.2 lists limit dimensions for nominal sizes marked "F" (First Choice) only.029 MIN 14.016 16.964 0.024 MIN 9.040 7.117 20.050 15.170 10.000 0.987 0.015 9.110 19.260 7.065 23.024 MIN 10.005 9.000 0.989 0.000 S11 MAX 11.024 MIN 8.020 20.074 19.061 14.000 7.315 11.170 7.006 15.000 MAX 15.987 0.315 14.050 16.061 16.020 20.050 17.110 19.136 11.910 0.910 0.028 20.989 0.000 0.035 11.095 17.013 6.016 17.000 0.016 12.005 7.029 10.112 10.016 10.020 18.074 24.991 0.095 12.948 0.041 20.080 9.000 0.000 13.991 0.005 10.000 0.117 23.000 0.016 14.169 21.000 0.029 MIN 15.013 8.989 0.041 22.035 8.957 0.989 0.000 0.964 0.061 12.117 19.110 23.050 12.979 0.024 13.020 21.000 S7 F8 S9 F10 T13 S14 T15 F16 T17 S18 T19 F20 T21 S22 T23 T24 .000 23.000 0.205 12.029 9.000 0.007 19.110 18.095 14.007 22. 2.076 10.000 21. A cost penalty for material stock.000 0.117 21.000 11.136 16.018 11.000 0.080 8.136 12.000 0.987 0.065 20.136 18.110 21.043 15.240 21.061 17.013 9.043 14.020 23.016 17.043 12.006 12.890 0.987 0.024 16.080 6.169 24.021 23.006 11.000 0.982 0.018 18.000 0.870 0.989 0.870 0.169 19.024 11.991 0.024 12.000 0.000 0.000 0.110 20.061 18.112 9.948 0.260 8.110 20.205 16.991 0.910 0.041 24.021 19.000 0.095 13.093 12.020 19.000 0.006 16.018 14.093 13.016 18. 028 21.987 -0.020 MAX 19.054 MAX 20.989 17.008 7.000 10.037 8.000 0.000 -0.000 -0.020 23. tooling and gages is anticipated for sizes marked with "S" (Second Choice) and "T" (Third Choice).013 8.048 18.987 -0.977 10.010 15. A cost penalty for material stock.000 -0.017 10.952 23.989 -0.961 15.032 6.991 7.006 11.000 0.000 0.989 -0.000 -0.989 -0.977 15.037 8.991 -0.971 14.000 -0.968 0.014 MIN MAX MIN MAX 7.006 16.987 -0.029 15.006 18.006 15.000 -0.000 0.968 8.988 12.000 -0.956 15.044 -0.000 -0.037 9.973 23.991 -0.946 18.971 17.006 22.000 0.983 9.000 0.989 -0.000 0.000 0.989 -0.000 12.973 19.991 10.048 20.991 -0.006 14.972 20.973 22.986 24.961 13.989 -0.983 7.965 22.978 8.989 -0.956 11.008 6.989 -0.000 15.000 8. S = Second Choice.000 0.974 18.015 21.965 23.006 13.981 9.985 23.013 6.952 18.044 MAX 17.989 -0.974 17.023 17.988 14.000 -0.974 14.019 8.952 20.054 T23 T24 .006 12.023 16.956 12.986 19.015 20.044 MAX 13.989 -0.965 20.023 11.029 11.005 6.989 -0.981 7.012 17.972 19.946 19.029 16.048 MIN NOTES: 1.005 7.979 14.989 -0.987 -0.010 8.005 9.973 24.000 0.976 9.000 0.976 8.991 10.978 10.952 21.979 16.006 21.035 21.035 23. 23.977 14.019 7.032 8.979 18.000 0.014 20.956 10.019 6.039 15.991 -0.988 10.996 7.000 0.974 12.000 -0.006 22.972 18.010 MAX 8.000 0.024 7.014 23.988 17.995 11.008 9.987 -0.019 9.979 11.001 19.996 10.991 -0.023 15.015 MIN 12.990 9.054 MAX 23.987 -0.000 MIN 10.000 -0.967 23.985 19.000 0.989 -0.000 0.005 8.986 23.012 14.981 8.000 -0.019 18.952 22.000 0.023 10.012 12.974 15.029 12.012 10.972 21.000 0.2 lists limit dimensions for nominal sizes marked "F" (First Choice) only.977 17.000 0.008 8.044 MAX 14.956 13.039 13.946 21.000 -0.000 11.971 16.006 20.010 16.946 22.000 17.000 0.010 9.001 21.000 0.971 10.039 11.000 0.028 18.963 6.000 0.000 0.987 -0.035 19.014 8.019 20.015 MAX 16.989 -0.013 9.024 FORCE HOLE SHAFT DIFF U7 h6 -0.000 13.989 12.988 13.976 8.006 21.000 -0.989 15.010 11.991 -0.989 -0.039 16.000 0.978 9.946 20.029 10.054 -0.977 16.989 -0.014 MIN 6.019 19.995 18.987 -0.983 7.000 0.013 7.006 20.987 -0.996 6.000 0.010 12.987 -0.961 17.015 19.986 20.012 15.048 22.015 MIN 17.000 0.000 -0.006 MIN 18.014 22.000 -0.985 21.987 -0.968 9.995 13.987 -0.019 21.965 21.989 -0.015 18.012 13.987 -0.979 12.991 -0.956 17.979 13.000 -0.971 13.000 -0.952 19.987 -0.989 -0.989 -0.991 -0.967 20.995 12.971 11.000 0.029 17.048 21.991 -0.995 16.017 11.987 -0.001 22.000 -0.006 24.985 18.000 -0.024 0.989 -0.000 16.989 -0.028 23.987 -0.991 -0.006 19.961 12.014 19.995 14.006 13.037 -0.991 6.961 10.995 15.989 -0.971 15.020 MIN 22.995 17.977 13.029 13.000 -0.967 19.014 18. 2.989 11.989 -0.981 7.987 -0.972 23.963 9.974 13. T = Third Choice.979 15.965 19.987 -0.968 8.006 14.000 6.020 MIN 19.987 -0.035 18.006 16.048 19.000 -0.963 8.032 9.991 9.000 -0.987 -0.000 -0.006 18.989 14.010 9.000 0.000 -0.010 17.963 7.000 0.017 14.000 0.973 20.986 21.000 6.015 22.017 16.000 -0.973 21.967 24.993 24.000 MIN 9.983 10.000 -0.991 -0. Select nominal sizes to preference rating as follows: F = First Choice.000 0.039 10.005 8.985 22.006 23.000 0.028 20.000 -0.017 13.000 0.989 -0.014 9.987 -0.990 8.989 -0.015 MIN 13.000 -0.987 -0.035 20.961 16.005 9.000 0.989 -0.991 -0.044 19.986 22.029 14.956 16.989 -0.000 0.991 -0.967 22.988 15.020 MAX 22.001 20.990 6.001 23.035 22.989 -0.989 -0.000 0.987 -0.000 -0.976 7.961 11.993 22.006 17.015 MIN 14.000 7.000 0.974 16.987 -0.039 12.989 -0.019 23.991 P7 h6 S7 h6 6.987 -0.989 18.044 MAX 15.012 11.000 -0.000 -0.971 12.032 7.989 -0.010 10.977 11. ANSI B4.014 21.978 7.988 11.000 0.006 23.023 13.000 0.028 22.015 MIN 11.024 6.2) mm BASIC SIZE S7 F8 S9 F10 S11 F12 T13 S14 T15 F16 T17 S18 T19 F20 T21 S22 LOCATIONAL TRANSN LOCATIONAL TRANSN LOCATIONAL INTERF MEDIUM DRIVE HOLE SHAFT DIFF HOLE SHAFT DIFF HOLE SHAFT DIFF HOLE SHAFT DIFF K7 h6 N7 h6 MAX 7.985 20.006 11.006 10.005 7.019 22.989 16.000 MIN 21.000 14.015 MIN 16.028 19.000 0.967 21.044 MAX 12.987 -0.965 18.988 16.012 16.989 13.979 17.000 MIN 15.017 15.991 -0.956 14.006 17.015 MAX 11.006 12.946 23.000 -0.989 -0.000 0.972 22.000 -0.020 MIN 20.023 12.989 -0.991 -0.015 23.993 19.017 12.987 -0.039 14.987 -0.989 -0.989 -0.993 23.991 -0.961 14.000 -0.006 15.017 17.987 -0.993 20.996 9.TABLE 6-5 PREFERRED SHAFT BASIS TRANSITION AND INTERFERENCE FITS (ANSI B4.990 7.000 0.989 -0.000 0.974 11.989 -0.000 -0.054 MAX 21.044 MAX 18.000 -0.977 12.005 10.039 17.000 -0.989 -0.993 21.000 0.054 MAX 24.989 -0.001 18.987 -0.010 14.010 13.991 -0.000 0.991 -0.989 -0.023 14.000 -0. 2 preferred) Second choice tolerance zones framed (ISO 1829 selected) Third choice tolerance zones open FIG. 6-1 TOLERANCE ZONES FOR INTERNAL DIMENSIONS (HOLES) (ANSI B4. 6-2 below FIG. 6 6- 7 8 G5 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 9 H1 JS1 H2 JS2 H3 JS3 H4 JS4 H5 JS5 K5 H6 J6 JS6 K6 H7 J7 JS7 K7 H8 J8 JS8 K8 H9 JS9 K9 H10 JS10 K10 H11 JS11 H12 JS12 H13 JS13 H14 JS14 H15 JS15 H16 JS16 10 9 11 M5 M6 M7 MS M9 M10 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 12 P5 P6 P7 P8 Y9 P10 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 T5 T6 T7 T8 T9 T10 14 13 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U10 V5 X5 Y5 V6 X6 Y6 V7 X7 Y7 V8 XS Y8 V9 X9 Y9 V10 X10 Y10 15 16 Z5 Z6 Z7 Z8 Z9 Z10 17 Legend: See Note to FIG. 6-2 TOLERANCE ZONES FOR EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS (SHAFTS) (ANSI B4.2) a9 a10 a11 a12 a13 a14 b9 b10 b11 b12 b13 b14 See Table No.2) .F6 D7 E7 F7 C8 D8 E8 F8 A9 B9 C9 D9 E9 F9 A10 B10 C10 D10 E10 F10 A11 B11 C11 D11 E11 F11 A12 B12 C12 D12 E12 A13 B13 C13 A14 B14 See Table No. 18 6- d7 c8 d8 c9 d9 c10 d10 c11 d11 c12 d12 c13 19 f5 e6 f6 e7 f7 e8 f8 e9 f9 e10 f10 e11 20 g4 g5 g6 g7 g8 g9 21 h1 h2 h3 h4 h5 j5 h6 j6 h7 j7 h8 h9 h10 h11 h12 h13 h14 h15 h16 22 21 js1 js2 js3 js4 js5 js6 js7 js8 js9 js10 js11 js12 js13 js14 js15 js16 23 k4 k5 k6 k7 k8 k9 m4 m5 m6 m7 m8 m9 24 n4 n5 n6 n7 n8 n9 p4 p5 p6 p7 p8 p9 25 r4 r5 r6 r7 r8 r9 s4 s5 s6 s7 s8 s9 26 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 u4 u5 u6 u7 u8 u9 27 v4 v5 v6 v7 v8 v9 x4 x5 x6 x7 x8 x9 28 y4 y5 y6 y7 y8 y9 z4 z5 z6 z7 z8 z9 29 Legend: First choice tolerance zones are printed in bold (ANSI B4. 420 +0.500 +0.160 +0.380 +0.530 +0.320 +0.560 +0.630 +0.208 +0.430 +0.650 +0.420 +0.720 +0.200 +1.450 +0.270 +0.270 +0.310 +0.360 +0.650 +0.820 +1.570 +0.220 +0..150 +0.940 +0.140 +0.090 +0.890 +0.430 +0.350 +0.520 +0.995 +0.710 +1.680 +1.420 +0.840 .190 +0.220 +0.410 +0.710 +0.750 +0.740 +1.760 +0.050 +1.780 +0.580 +1.740 +0.212 +0.680 +1.840 +0.490 +0.390 +0.630 +0.160 +0.INTERNAL DIMENSIONS (HOLES) (A14 .190 +0.760 +0.750 +1.160 +0.295 +0.220 +0.310 +0.420 +0.480 +0.050 +2.520 +0.760 +1.680 +1.460 +1.270 +0.030 +0.560 +0.380 +0.240 +0.327 +0.240 +0.540 +0.910 +0.570 +0.150 +0.330 +0.300 +0.660 +0.280 +0.960 +0.460 +0.650 +0.160 +0.680 +0.470 +0.200 +1.570 +1.380 1.380 +0.497 +0.380 +0.580 +0.540 +0.520 +1.760 +2.316 +0.310 +0.2) mm SIZE OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO 0 3 3 6 6 10 10 14 14 18 18 24 24 30 30 40 40 50 50 65 65 80 80 100 100 120 120 140 140 160 160 180 180 200 200 225 225 250 250 280 280 315 315 355 355 400 400 450 450 500 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 B14 B13 B12 B11 B10 B9 +0.920 +1.280 +0.340 +0.180 +0.150 +0.950 +0.110 +0.280 +0.150 +0.280 +0.382 +0.560 +0.940 +0.380 +0.820 +1.720 +0.200 +2.290 +0.180 +0.240 +1.360 +0.470 +0.600 +1.340 +1.290 +0.570 +0.480 +1.380 +0.340 +0.200 +0.560 +0.300 +0.180 +1.270 +0.500 +1.710 +0.680 +0.300 +0.220 +0.100 +0.920 +1.420 +0.320 +0.640 +0.740 +1.140 +0.260 +1.310 +1.775 +0.500 +3.605 +0.600 +1.300 +0.490 +0.140 +0.170 +0.340 +0.970 +0.860 +0.920 +1.915 +0.150 +0.180 +0.090 +0.160 +0.580 +0.860 +1.680 +2.700 +0.740 +0.950 +0.160 +0..770 +0.420 +1.560 +0.840 +0.820 +2.280 +0.220 +0.150 +0.370 +0.310 +0.410 +1.830 +0.242 +0.480 +1.320 +0.260 +0.380 +0.940 +0.240 +0.535 +0.050 +1. A9.150 0.310 +0.370 +0.820 +1.600 +2.005 +0.120 +0.050 +2.440 +0.400 +0.820 +0.290 +0.580 +0..160 +0.490 +0.840 0.310 +0.770 +1.360 +1.200 +0.900 +1.360 +0.650 +0.920 +2.280 +0.390 +0.740 +1.352 +0.190 +0.320 +0.580 +1.500 +2.190 +0.380 +0.430 +0.B9) (ANSI B4.050 +1.200 +0.470 +1.380 +1.300 +0.540 +2.244 +0.190 +0.340 +1.000 +0.650 +0.140 +0.660 +0.580 +0.170 +0.340 +0.670 +0.610 +0.760 +1.160 +0.150 +0.340 +0.710 +0.680 +0.010 +0.340 +0.140 +0.890 +0.100 +0.570 +0.400 +0.150 +0.440 +0.730 +0.380 +1.420 +1.840 +0.630 +0.800 +0.840 +0.280 +1.240 +0.550 +0.920 +0.350 +2.310 +0.430 +0.200 +1.180 +0.320 +0.760 +0.410 +1.250 +0.130 +0.310 +0.360 +0.460 +0.510 +0.240 +0.520 +1.200 +2..280 +0.390 +0.310 +0.080 +0.340 +0.360 +0.410 +0.460 +0.670 +0.150 +0.160 +0.384 +0.260 +0.880 +0.320 +0.260 +0.600 +0.380 +0.140 +0.420 +0.345 +0.930 +0.340 +0.260 +1.350 +1.150 +0.410 +0.290 +0.190 +0.300 +0.620 +0.000 +0.440 +0.920 +1.420 +0.370 +0.090 +0.290 +0.640 +0.470 +0.160 +0.655 +1.660 +0.280 +0.410 +0.280 +1.330 +0.300 +0.390 +0.460 +0.650 +0.550 +0.660 +1.570 +0.384 +0.540 +0.050 +1.140 +0.490 +0.480 +0.270 +0.820 +0.170 +0.480 +1.370 +1.240 +0.170 +0.920 +0.565 +0.530 +0.680 +0.570 +0.240 +0.200 +1.193 +0.340 +1.180 +0.130 +1.900 +1.215 +0.200 +0.270 +0.920 +1. B14 .740 +1.360 +0.290 +0.580 +0.855 +0.530 +0.350 +3.820 +0.580 +0.680 +0.420 +1.600 +0.460 +0.270 +0.140 +0.150 +0.434 +0.500 +2.060 +0.150 +0.300 +0.060 +0.680 +0.360 +0.330 +0.260 +0.660 +1.490 +0.090 +1.310 +0.080 +0.860 +0.200 +0.540 +1.750 +1.490 +1.830 +0.800 +0.244 +0.352 +0.338 +0.520 +0.380 +0.820 +1.210 +0.520 +0.710 +0.925 +0.150 +0.660 +0.330 +0.630 +0.590 +0.660 +0.340 +0.460 +0.150 +0.260 +0.760 +1.290 +0.600 +1.480 +0.232 +0.150 +0.520 +0.270 +0.380 +0.520 +0.310 +0.290 +0.186 +0.170 +0.410 +0.200 +1.460 +0.845 +0.420 +0.270 +0.170 +0.410 +0.580 +1.455 +0.660 +1.340 +1.380 +0.300 +0.360 +0.480 +0.150 +0.264 +0.780 +0.150 +0.980 +0.160 +0.500 +2.467 +0.250 +0.338 +0.290 +0.460 +1.805 +1.140 +0.495 +0.930 +0.270 +0.200 +1.150 +0.270 +0.165 +0.920 +1.240 +0.410 +0.650 +0.520 +0.380 +0.810 +0.600 +1.220 +0.390 +0.350 +1.350 +2.800 +0.580 +1.760 +1.350 +1.300 +0.180 +0.320 +0.370 +0.290 +0.320 +1.414 +0.280 +0.280 +0.600 +0.820 +0.300 +0.140 +0.910 +0.050 +0.050 +1.620 +0.680 +1.840 +0.560 +1.300 +0.240 +0.372 +0.350 +1.274 +0.310 +0.280 +0.460 +0.280 +0.307 +0.280 +0.790 +0.160 +0.318 +0.340 +0.240 +1.260 +0.193 +0.270 +0.290 +0.500 +1.730 +0.160 +0.440 +0.212 +0.280 +0.935 +0.220 +0.690 +0.800 +0.430 +1.370 +0.170 +0.310 +1.560 +0.220 +0.TABLE 6-6 TOLERANCE ZONES .050 +1.110 +0.510 +0.188 +0.540 +0.170 +0.470 +0.290 +0.333 +0.470 +0.280 +0.290 +0.360 +0.260 +0.525 +0.510 +0.270 +0.290 +0.740 +1.200 +0.180 +0.300 +0.200 +0.280 +0.220 +1.840 0.310 +0.540 +1.730 +0.140 +0.480 +0.290 +0.140 +0.500 +0.260 +0.740 +0.620 +1.260 +0.300 +0.810 +0.820 +1.510 +0.140 +0.040 +0.310 +0.660 +1. 170 0.200 +0.230 .360 +0.365 +0.820 +0.050 0.310 +0.185 +0.170 +0.980 +0.320 +0.080 0.160 0.065 +0.280 +0.085 0.080 +0.065 +0.350 +0.210 +0.260 +0.045 0.260 +0.540 +0.760 +0.110 0.520 +0.080 +0.138 +0.170 +0.240 +0.860 +0.293 +0.060 0.030 +0.370 +0.460 +0.100 +0.102 +0.120 +0.180 +0.240 +0.050 0.200 +0.065 0.480 0.285 +0.095 +0.970 +0.290 +0.860 +0.230 +0.145 +0.540 +0.460 +0.100 +0.040 0.280 +0.130 +0.105 +0.170 +0.445 +0.080 +0.122 +0.410 +0.150 0.098 +0..530 +0.545 +0.275 +0.170 +0.480 +0.700 +0.180 +0.145 +0.200 0.210 +0.195 +0.070 +0.070 +0.300 +0.190 +0.155 +0.120 0.074 0.210 +0.145 +0.140 0.240 +0.050 +0.210 +0.120 +0.182 +0.070 +0.650 +0.280 +0.340 +0.242 +0.207 +0.275 +0.280 +0.590 +0.065 +0.320 +0.190 +0.050 0.020 +0.305 +0.210 +0.190 +0.480 +0.327 +0.545 +0.TABLE 6-7 TOLERANCE ZONES .169 +0.065 +0.780 +0.110 +0.480 0.430 +0.260 +0.138 +0.145 +0.840 +0.460 +0.570 +0.550 +0.150 +0.450 +0.110 0.470 +0.120 +0.400 +1.2) mm SIZE OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO 0 3 3 6 6 10 10 14 14 18 18 24 24 30 30 40 40 50 50 65 65 80 80 100 100 120 120 140 140 160 160 180 180 200 200 225 225 250 250 280 280 315 315 355 355 400 400 450 450 500 C13 C12 C11 C10 C9 C8 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 0.365 +0.020 +0.100 +0.230 +0.170 0.145 +0.145 +0.170 0.095 0.100 0.234 +0.110 +0.200 0.400 +0.190 +0.020 0.190 +0.170 +0.180 0.293 +0.040 0.620 +0.230 0.040 0.360 +0.068 +0.355 +0.720 +0.242 +0.100 +0.076 +0.080 +0.120 +0.080 0.400 +0. D7) (ANSI B4.400 +0.290 +0.300 +0.210 +0.070 0.120 +0.260 +0.155 +0.400 +0.093 +0.065 +0.040 +0.320 +0.192 +0.400 +0.250 +0.230 +0.095 +0.170 +0.230 +0.630 +0.095 +0.120 +0.034 0.145 +0.068 +0.062 +0.330 +1.105 +0.050 +0..180 +0.600 +0.120 +0.450 +0.130 0.120 0.710 +0.174 +0.200 +0.095 +0.214 +0.330 +0.190 +0.230 +0.260 +0.595 +0.730 +0.310 +0.070 +0.170 +0.395 +0.510 +0.119 +0.360 +0.220 +0.150 +0.095 +0.300 +0.690 +0.332 +0.174 +0.080 +0.440 +0.330 +0.245 +0.110 +0.224 +0.230 +0..030 +0.130 0.095 +0.065 +0.210 +0.162 +0.224 +0.145 +0.060 +0.330 +0. D12 .960 +0.110 +0.450 +0.240 +0.230 +0.263 +0.370 +0.208 +0.120 +0.130 +0.510 +0.537 +0.230 +0.120 0.242 +0.285 +0.185 +0.210 +0.190 +0.245 +0.050 0.205 +0.110 +0.065 +0.880 +0.330 +0. C8.145 +0.119 +0.400 +1.400 +0.360 +0.320 +0.145 +0.174 +0.610 +0.065 0.207 +0.205 +0.120 +0.411 +0.080 +0.050 +0.145 +0.145 +0.230 +0.210 +0.290 +0.145 +0.260 +0.330 +0.271 +0.080 0.117 +0.210 +0.080 +0.116 +0.630 +0.425 +0.080 +0.120 +0.080 0.110 +0.200 +0.150 0.510 +0.162 +0.380 +0..110 0.196 +0.095 +0.630 +0.395 +0.720 +0.312 +0.240 +0.350 +0.230 +0.216 +0.170 +0.170 +0.440 +0.080 +0.230 0.145 0.440 +1.093 +0.360 +0.105 +0.280 +1.395 +0.390 +0.100 +0.480 0.230 +0.145 +0.230 +0.077 +0.300 +0.242 +0.145 +0.146 +0.080 0.065 +0.040 +0.098 +0.210 +0.170 +0.170 +0.065 0.330 +0.095 +0.060 0.465 +0.180 +0.190 +0.080 +0.194 +0.130 +0.000 +0.267 +0.340 +0.060 +0.120 +0.280 +0.180 0.190 +0.216 +0.630 +0.095 0.242 +0.470 +0.530 +0.050 +0.130 +0.190 +0.050 +0.130 +0.098 +0.080 +0.208 +0.510 +0.100 0.210 +0.145 +0.860 +0.271 +0.240 +0.240 +0.020 0.170 +0.159 +0.635 +0.355 +0.267 +0.570 +0.060 +0.375 +0.110 +0.150 +0.170 +0.130 +0.140 +0.055 +0.186 +0.220 +0.190 +0.185 +0.060 0.320 +0.720 +0.140 +0.280 +0.100 +0.355 +0.610 +0.440 +0.048 +0.240 +0.245 +0.020 0.570 +0.330 +0.299 +0.080 +0.195 +0.170 +0.050 0.260 +0.170 +0.840 +0.275 +0.240 +0.070 +0.165 +0.194 +0.220 +0.120 +0.330 +0.170 +0.260 +1.078 +0.440 +1.100 +0.267 +0.300 +1.480 0.208 +0.146 +0.100 0.150 0.440 +0.210 +0.381 +0.210 +0.230 +0.170 +0.100 +0.273 +0.130 +0.210 +0.210 +0.285 +0.340 +0.630 +0.440 +0.630 +0.480 +0.299 +0.030 +0.850 +0.086 +0.120 0.040 0.170 +0.305 +0.149 +0.143 +0.930 +0.110 +0.300 +0.385 +0.190 +0.030 0.160 +0.500 +0.260 +0.120 +0.240 +0.149 +0.230 0.120 +0.600 +0.170 +0.480 0.180 +0.170 +0.140 +0.120 +0.118 +0.257 +0.780 +0.086 +0.710 +0.020 +0.385 +0.120 0.395 +0.460 +0.230 +0.100 +0.110 +0.050 +0.230 +0.100 +0.110 0.360 +0.216 +0.460 +0.095 +0.270 +0.095 0.042 +0.200 0.050 0.145 +0.030 +0.440 +0.400 +0.140 +0.060 0.400 +0.440 +0.122 +0.210 +0.INTERNAL DIMENSIONS (HOLES) (C13.060 +0.142 +0.330 +0.830 +0.230 0.630 +0.142 +0.077 +0.352 +0.190 +0.250 +0.174 +0.150 +0.170 0.030 +0.230 0.080 +0.070 0.117 +0.300 +0.210 +0.138 +0.120 +0.480 0.080 +0.440 +0.140 0.293 +0.545 +0.489 +0.120 0.160 +0.275 +0.110 +0.440 +0.300 +0.327 +0.520 +0.355 +0.190 +0.145 +0.740 +0.230 +0.449 +0.180 0.030 +0.390 +0.165 +0.065 +0.400 +0.100 +0.360 +1.143 +0.140 0.170 +0.088 +0.305 +0.577 +0.710 +0.290 +0. 016 0.025 0.085 +0.060 +0.335 +0.032 0.203 +0.068 +0.072 +0.068 +0.150 +0.256 +0.134 +0.059 +0.068 +0.060 +0.170 +0.072 +0.086 +0.340 +0.014 0.125 +0.135 0.100 0.060 +0.085 +0.320 +0.100 +0.140 +0.110 0.090 +0.016 +0.210 +0.072 +0.085 +0.030 +0.220 +0.041 +0.083 +0.110 0.765 +0.112 +0.265 +0.300 +0.137 +0.050 +0.043 +0.071 +0.220 +0.150 +0.054 +0.266 +0.212 +0.016 0.135 E7 0.135 E11 0.043 0.020 0.100 +0.198 +0.072 0.040 +0.030 0.072 +0.061 +0.630 +0.050 0.041 +0.072 0.072 +0.040 +0.165 +0.430 +0.047 0.100 0.292 +0.025 +0.083 +0.062 0.108 +0.245 +0.050 0.032 +0.020 +0.096 +0.064 +0.043 0.485 +0.100 0.060 +0.068 +0.056 +0.159 +0.025 +0.020 +0.034 +0.010 0.285 +0.050 +0.125 +0.053 +0.036 0.040 0.765 +0.006 +0.INTERNAL DIMENSIONS (HOLES) (E12 .185 +0.089 +0.010 0.212 +0.050 +0.202 +0.143 +0.062 +0.075 +0.030 +0.100 +0.062 +0.025 0.106 +0.126 +0.079 +0.014 0.107 +0.043 0.100 +0.072 +0.126 +0.014 +0.062 +0..318 +0.050 +0.115 0.041 +0.050 +0.079 +0.036 +0.050 +0.250 +0.131 +0.032 +0.119 +0.TABLE 6-8 TOLERANCE ZONES .107 +0.025 +0.006 0.041 +0.030 0.335 +0.050 0.092 +0.040 +0.108 +0.060 0.072 +0.165 +0.032 +0.043 +0.056 0.135 +0.068 +0.006 +0.122 +0.124 +0.025 0.043 +0.068 F7 0.085 +0.126 +0.040 +0.320 +0.020 +0.016 0.170 +0.049 +0.185 +0.006 0.027 +0.040 +0.100 +0.043 0.032 +0.122 +0.630 +0.050 0.010 +0.013 +0.020 0.030 0.068 +0.030 0.182 +0.032 0.125 0.032 +0.266 +0.020 +0.085 +0.050 +0.025 0.058 +0.014 +0.215 +0.123 +0.050 +0.040 +0.068 +0.110 +0.695 +0.020 0.191 +0.110 +0.390 +0.060 +0.223 +0.151 +0.106 +0.075 +0.060 0.060 +0.292 +0.013 0.112 +0.056 +0.376 +0.061 0.162 +0.043 +0.151 +0.235 +0.422 +0.020 0.172 +0.006 +0.186 +0.040 +0.030 0.060 +0.485 +0.560 +0.024 +0.125 0.043 +0.018 +0.293 +0.135 E10 0.016 +0.032 +0.110 +0.068 +0.032 .068 F6 +0.020 0.293 +0..030 +0.212 +0.180 +0.068 F10 0.422 +0.090 +0.560 +0.102 +0.232 +0.043 +0.064 +0.250 +0.085 +0.135 0. F11 .036 +0.214 +0.032 +0.285 +0.040 +0.468 +0.062 +0.025 0.108 +0.043 0.245 +0.250 +0.285 +0.176 +0.040 .050 0.150 +0.100 0.036 +0.385 +0.340 +0.134 +0.056 +0.050 +0.016 0.016 0.010 0.214 +0.235 +0.020 0.013 +0.013 0.110 0.106 +0.035 +0.006 0.110 +0.020 0.013 +0.100 +0.422 +0.086 +0.049 +0.150 +0.036 +0.695 +0.245 +0.043 0.043 +0.146 +0.176 +0.250 +0.085 0..125 +0.049 +0.103 +0.033 +0.060 0.050 0.210 +0.088 +0.215 +0.030 +0.292 +0.485 +0.240 +0.062 +0.050 0.068 0.050 0.148 +0.180 +0.125 +0.232 +0.030 0.104 +0.040 0.125 0.560 +0.025 0.056 0.085 0.165 +0.036 0.135 F11 0.074 +0.010 0.079 +0.300 +0.071 +0.025 +0.031 +0.050 +0.256 +0.085 0.014 0.056 +0.056 +0.125 +0.142 +0.485 +0.143 +0.110 +0.175 0.016 +0.010 0.110 0.535 +0.072 +0.075 +0.028 +0.125 0.013 0.036 0.050 0.098 +0.265 +0.390 +0.039 +0.068 F8 0.085 +0.087 +0.355 +0.095 +0.030 +0.066 +0.119 +0.2) mm SIZE OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO 0 3 3 6 6 10 10 14 14 18 18 24 24 30 30 40 40 50 50 65 65 80 80 100 100 120 120 140 140 160 160 180 180 200 200 225 225 250 250 280 280 315 315 355 355 400 400 450 450 500 E12 +0.202 +0.376 +0.068 .076 +0.390 +0.068 +0.046 +0.075 +0.036 +0.022 +0.100 +0.020 +0.058 +0.422 +0.040 +0.025 +0.020 +0.108 +0.032 +0.150 +0.043 +0.240 +0.050 0.043 0.062 +0.125 +0.085 0.212 +0.020 0.182 +0.385 +0.062 +0.191 +0.172 +0.100 +0.020 0.100 +0.062 0.293 +0.203 +0.085 +0.131 +0.060 +0.050 +0.028 +0.135 0.056 0.025 0.125 +0.025 0.020 +0.123 +0.090 +0.124 +0.060 +0.106 +0.038 +0.050 0.485 +0.056 +0.135 +0.085 0.056 0.100 +0.016 +0.085 0.292 +0.050 +0.014 +0.125 +0.033 +0.062 +0..360 +0.165 +0.072 +0.071 +0.100 0.050 +0.335 +0.085 +0.040 0.186 +0.056 0.085 0.088 +0.036 0.146 +0.430 +0.050 +0.060 +0.012 +0.085 +0.104 +0.062 0.104 +0.148 +0.468 +0.040 0.100 +0.059 +0.043 0.068 F9 0.043 +0.148 +0.076 +0.016 +0.016 +0.025 +0.073 +0.036 0.050 0.098 +0.106 +0.060 +0.125 +0.085 0.162 +0.050 +0.025 0.062 +0.135 E9 0. F6) (ANSI B4.100 +0.215 +0.032 +0.355 +0.073 +0.172 +0.110 +0.150 +0.034 +0.083 +0.053 +0.125 +0.050 +0.122 +0.104 +0.083 0.114 +0.020 +0.025 +0.020 0.203 +0.100 +0.043 +0.032 +0.087 +0.058 +0.025 0.050 0.043 0.126 +0.043 +0.030 0.165 +0.059 +0. E7.185 +0.318 +0.142 +0.072 0.290 +0.056 +0.146 +0.235 +0.340 +0.090 +0.223 +0.159 +0.198 +0.020 0.110 +0.110 +0.096 +0.072 +0.061 +0.022 +0.137 +0.016 0.290 +0.360 +0.092 +0.185 +0.027 +0.135 E8 0.072 +0.050 0.185 +0.102 +0.050 +0.025 0.535 +0.135 +0.085 +0.089 +0.125 0.096 +0.125 0.125 +0.050 0.050 +0.036 +0.050 +0.143 +0.016 0.059 +0.036 0.050 +0.028 +0. 030 -0.012 0.012 -0.017 +0. .227 +0.018 +0.005 +0.010 +0.041 -0.010 0.027 +0.044 +0.035 +0.017 +0.034 +0.018 -0.008 0.013 0.029 0.004 +0.040 +0.039 +0.029 -0.016 +0.013 -0.005 +0.056 +0.002 +0.041 +0.015 +0.009 0.047 +0.175 +0.003 +0.026 0.018 -0.014 G8 +0.036 -0.017 +0.047 +0.087 +0.007 +0.076 +0.018 0.158 +0.020 +0.029 +0.087 +0.010 +0.008 -0.INTERNAL DIMENSIONS (HOLES) (G10 .109 +0.012 0.006 +0.020 +0.023 +0.009 +0.020 +0.009 +0.007 +0..014 +0.091 +0.020 +0. G5.039 -0.047 -0.004 +0.005 +0.039 -0.012 +0.027 +0.014 0.006 +0.158 +0.033 +0.015 +0.031 0.033 -0.010 -0.010 -0.043 +0.007 +0.049 +0.016 +0.007 +0.017 +0.015 +0.007 +0.047 -0.200 +0.014 G5 +0.002 +0.034 +0.015 +0.030 -0.007 +0.007 +0.020 +0.174 +0.025 -0.016 -0.012 +0.032 +0.009 +0.016 +0.007 +0.109 +0.200 +0.248 +0.007 0.015 +0.005 +0.014 G7 +0.014 +0.005 +0.010 +0..015 +0.018 +0.032 +0.020 0.010 +0.010 -0.009 +0. J6) (ANSI B4.014 +0.006 0.014 +0.007 +0.009 +0.028 +0.107 +0.006 +0.006 0.043 +0.010 -0.014 +0.006 +0.017 +0.039 +0.114 +0.017 +0.012 +0.006 +0.270 +0.028 +0.042 +0.020 +0.012 +0.036 -0.005 0.017 +0.066 +0.009 +0.024 +0.060 -0.014 +0.012 -0.006 +0.017 +0.018 +0.004 +0.049 +0.TABLE 6-9 TOLERANCE ZONES .054 +0.007 +0.015 +0.026 -0.004 +0.052 +0.015 -0.044 +0.018 0.006 +0.007 +0.032 +0.147 +0.012 +0.048 +0.010 +0.043 -0.025 -0.026 0.030 -0.014 +0.010 +0.174 +0.084 +0.009 0.027 +0.130 +0.029 -0.020 +0.018 +0.060 +0.006 -0.006 +0.012 +0.027 +0.025 0.023 +0.055 -0.020 +0.039 +0.059 +0.020 +0.069 +0.022 0.018 -0.015 +0.035 +0.004 +0.005 +0.010 -0.013 0.022 -0.018 +0.077 +0.004 +0.147 +0.007 +0.054 +0.054 +0.020 +0.009 +0.007 OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO +0.020 +0.014 +0.017 +0.014 J8 +0.006 0.024 -0.099 +0.025 0.066 +0.017 +0.015 +0.016 +0.006 -0.012 +0.117 +0.017 +0.020 -0.024 +0.066 -0.130 +0. J8 .034 -0.004 +0.011 +0.034 -0.014 +0.016 0.014 -0.007 +0.012 +0.117 +0.035 +0.107 +0.098 +0.026 -0.022 0.075 +0.026 -0.049 +0.007 0.022 +0.005 +0.002 +0.018 +0.008 0.009 +0.006 0.114 +0.083 +0.005 +0.018 -0.2) SIZE OVER 0 TO 3 OVER 3 TO 6 OVER 6 TO 10 OVER 10 TO 14 OVER 14 TO 18 OVER 18 TO 24 OVER 24 TO 30 OVER 30 TO 40 OVER 40 TO 50 OVER 50 TO 65 OVER 65 TO 80 OVER 80 TO 100 OVER 100 TO 120 OVER 120 TO 140 OVER 140 TO 160 G10 0.084 +0.114 +0.054 +0.018 +0.024 -0.047 +0.006 -0.040 +0.009 +0.091 +0.018 +0.040 +0.034 +0.006 +0.014 mm J6 +0.006 +0.029 +0.077 +0.060 -0.034 +0.004 +0.087 +0.005 -0. .061 +0.077 +0.007 +0.006 0.015 +0.014 G9 0.016 0.007 0.010 +0.018 +0.017 +0.016 +0.002 -0.002 +0.012 +0.130 +0.014 G6 +0.130 +0.152 +0.004 -0.011 0.007 +0.017 +0.015 0.040 +0.002 +0.010 +0.012 +0.008 -0.099 +0.007 +0.007 0.061 +0.020 0.009 +0.020 +0.006 +0.130 +0.008 -0.020 +0.014 0.008 +0.063 +0.018 +0.012 -0.016 -0.020 +0.014 +0.014 +0.015 +0.022 -0.010 +0.006 +0.020 +0.075 +0.020 +0.012 +0.044 +0.006 +0.018 -0.005 0.098 +0.012 0.007 +0.014 -0.066 -0.013 -0.006 +0.015 -0.008 +0.015 +0.083 +0.025 0.270 +0.022 J7 +0.020 +0.059 +0.071 +0.227 +0.012 +0.020 +0.015 +0.014 +0.010 +0.174 +0.040 +0.017 +0.013 +0.020 0.015 +0.020 -0.015 +0.029 0.006 +0.152 +0.015 +0.022 -0.014 +0.069 +0.016 +0.013 0.056 +0.018 +0.008 +0.031 0.009 +0.014 +0.061 +0.012 +0.071 +0.022 -0.049 +0.009 +0.041 -0.018 +0.033 -0.011 0.015 +0.010 +0.025 +0.018 +0.033 +0.200 +0.022 -0.028 -0.054 +0.076 +0.007 160 180 180 200 200 225 225 250 250 280 280 315 315 355 355 400 400 450 450 500 .248 +0.014 +0.012 +0.048 +0.028 -0.005 -0.060 +0.040 +0.006 0.015 +0.006 -0.002 +0.016 0.018 +0.007 0.041 -0.025 +0.043 -0.015 +0.175 +0.010 +0.047 -0.055 -0.012 +0.009 +0.007 +0.047 +0.034 +0. 000 0.000 2.023 0.110 0.000 0.520 0.0000 0.000 0.185 0.012 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.250 0.300 0.0000 0.000 2.018 0.480 0.025 0.000 0.2) mm SIZE OVER 0 TO 3 OVER 3 TO 6 OVER 6 TO 10 OVER 10 TO 14 OVER 14 TO 18 OVER 18 TO 24 OVER 24 TO 30 OVER 30 TO 40 OVER 40 TO 50 OVER 50 TO 65 OVER 65 TO 80 OVER 80 TO 100 OVER 100 TO 120 OVER 120 TO 140 OVER 140 TO 160 OVER 160 TO 180 OVER 180 TO 200 OVER 200 TO 225 OVER 225 TO 250 OVER 250 TO 280 OVER 280 TO 315 OVER 315 TO 355 OVER 355 TO 400 OVER 400 TO 450 OVER 450 TO 500 H16 H15 H14 H13 H12 H11 H10 H9 H8 H7 H6 H5 H4 H3 H2 H1 0.0015 0.000 0.130 0.057 0.000 3.000 0.000 0.018 0.000 0.TABLE 6-10 TOLERANCE ZONES .036 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.850 0.010 0.015 0.200 0.810 0.062 0.000 0.057 0.070 0.000 0.400 0.000 0.0000 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.003 0.000 1.600 0.700 0.000 0.003 0.000 2.900 0.000 0.074 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0.0000 2.190 0.072 0.540 0.000 0.000 0.115 0.000 0.000 0.250 0.000 0.000 0.570 0.000 0.000 0.046 0.000 0.016 0.110 0.000 0.150 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.720 0.000 0.000 1.430 0.210 0.007 0.0012 0.000 0.008 0.013 0.100 0.000 0.000 0.052 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.014 0.000 0.005 0.015 0.012 0.084 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.000 0.160 0.018 0.030 0.000 4.000 0.400 0.000 0.000 0.020 0.025 0.018 0.000 0.000 0.013 0.062 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.210 0.010 0.000 0.000 0.400 0.000 0.000 0.058 0.000 0.300 0.000 1.100 0.000 0.000 0.500 0.000 0.016 0.046 0.005 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.010 0.002 0.000 0.350 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0..021 0.002 0.009 0.000 0.000 0.290 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.048 0.220 0.000 0.000 0.INTERNAL DIMENSIONS (HOLES) (H16 .600 0.016 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.018 0.630 0.000 0.540 0.000 0.150 0.300 1.000 0.000 0.000 0.006 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.750 0.000 0.020 0.000 0.000 0.970 0.900 0.040 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.900 1.000 1.000 0.810 0.029 0.018 0.0015 0.900 0.620 0.000 0.046 0.400 0.0008 0.180 0.000 0.330 0.000 0.000 0.025 0.000 0.840 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0000 1.700 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0.000 0.250 0.000 0.000 0.850 0.000 0.013 0.000 0.300 0.000 0.000 0.025 0.600 0.200 0.013 0.100 0.130 0.600 0.005 0.025 0.250 0.009 0.630 0.010 0.046 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.120 0.000 0.019 0.400 0.185 0.063 0.000 0.100 0.630 0.460 0.600 0.054 0.120 0.300 0.850 1.039 0.320 0.000 1.000 0.400 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.022 0.040 0.020 0.000 0.000 0.007 0.100 0.160 0.000 0.000 0.250 0.155 0.000 0.000 0.007 0.087 0.000 0.000 0.089 0.007 0.0000 1.900 0.720 0.000 0.0035 0.100 0.000 0.081 0.000 0.500 0.000 0.0000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0000 0.021 0.000 0.000 0.970 0.000 2.000 2.000 1.063 0.0012 0.040 0.520 0.0000 0.000 0.000 0.000 4.063 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.043 0.000 0.000 0.004 0.097 0.100 0.000 0.0020 0.000 0.000 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.006 0.014 0.005 0.020 0.000 0.400 0.003 0.220 0.0020 0.140 0.000 0.000 0.150 0.003 0.035 0.000 0.010 0.520 0.720 0.000 0.052 0..0035 0.0000 0.250 0.008 0.040 0.580 0.036 0.600 0.000 0.000 0.0000 0.018 0.460 0.012 0.006 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.027 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.075 0.0015 0.000 0.000 0.300 0.0010 0.013 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.013 0.043 0.000 3.000 0.620 0.010 0.032 0.870 0.084 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.033 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.0035 0.200 1.000 0.000 0.270 0.000 0.000 0.250 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.290 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.008 0.012 0.000 0.000 0.520 0.230 0.000 3.600 0.550 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0. H1) (ANSI B4.000 0.000 0.000 0.087 0.005 0.009 0.150 0.0045 0.600 2.500 0.052 0.000 0.046 0.000 0.000 0.070 0.270 0.000 0.190 0.000 0.000 0.004 0.460 0.005 0.0000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0.008 0.000 0.007 0.000 0.140 0.015 0.0000 2.300 0.000 0.003 0.460 0.000 0.130 0.000 0.001 0.000 1.022 0.000 0.155 0.008 0.400 0.200 0.000 0.000 0.040 0.000 0.000 1.004 0.100 0.008 0.000 1.032 0.000 0.000 0.630 0.000 1.000 0.029 0.740 0.060 0.000 1.210 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0000 1.025 0.014 0.000 0.870 0.004 0.100 0.000 0.000 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.029 0.000 2.000 0.074 0.390 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.630 0.005 0.000 0.011 0.0045 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.052 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.025 0.090 0.000 0.000 0.020 0.000 0.009 0.027 0.140 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.0000 2.000 0.000 1.009 0.005 0.072 0.040 0.072 0.350 0.000 0.0025 0.500 0.006 0.000 0.160 0.000 0.039 0.900 0.000 0.000 0.185 0.097 0.003 0.000 0.230 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.210 0.000 1.000 0.140 0.0010 0.0045 0.400 0.011 0.220 0.000 0.000 0.015 0.130 0.006 0.008 0.300 0.0000 0.054 0.011 0.006 0.000 0.890 0.035 0.290 0.089 0.063 0.120 0.000 0.000 1.000 0.0025 0.180 0.000 0.010 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.008 0.006 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.008 0.000 0.030 0.300 0.000 0.360 0.023 0.140 0.003 0.004 0.000 0.027 0.000 .000 0.000 0.000 0.011 0.000 0.000 0.330 0.000 0.115 0.000 0.000 0.063 0.0015 0.550 0.025 0.460 0.000 0.400 0.000 0.022 0.840 0.160 0.033 0.000 1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.030 0.006 0.000 0.004 0.000 0.000 3.000 0.004 0.740 0.018 0.008 0.027 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.014 0.430 0.000 0.100 0.000 0.003 0.0000 0.000 0.360 0.004 0.012 0.036 0.570 0.0000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.010 0.008 0.000 0.0000 0.160 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.180 0.000 0.390 0.000 0.200 0.012 0.500 0.250 0.081 0.890 0.000 0.200 0.320 0.016 0.000 0.000 0.000 2.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.115 0.360 0.000 0.019 0.000 0.000 0.004 0.015 0. 0125 -0.020 0.070 0.195 0.125 0.036 -0.450 0.180 0.0040 -0.0175 0.550 0.0020 -0.105 -0.650 0.0055 0.0230 -0.0070 -0.485 0.009 0.0015 -0.055 0.110 -0.145 -0.145 0.150 -0.0135 -0.180 -0.150 0.600 -0.200 0.0030 -0.0075 -0.0065 -0.360 -0.018 -0.050 0.058 0.650 -0.013 0.500 -0.000 1.315 -0.0075 -0.445 0.135 0.575 0.0030 0.0260 0.00060 0.038 0.775 -0.500 -0.0040 0.00125 -0.007 -0.00060 -0.315 0.0060 0.093 0.360 0.050 0.00225 0.315 -0.023 0.575 0.300 -0.050 0.195 -0.0150 0.775 0.045 -0.00250 0.150 -0.195 -0.029 -0.022 0.0075 0.0050 0.0200 0.00225 -0.00100 -0.0050 -0.600 -1.0125 -0.135 -0.0055 TO 18 0.350 -0.0090 0.0025 0.050 -0.0315 -0.0105 -0.024 0.0100 -0.0040 0.0025 -0.405 0.0090 0.093 0.0180 OVER 315 -1.000 -1.0075 -0.035 0.0035 0.026 -0.0135 -0.270 0.360 0.0020 -0.0090 -0.0015 0.0060 0.00175 -0.093 -0.035 -0.035 -0.800 -1.075 0.0045 0.0100 0.650 0.260 -0.115 0.0065 OVER 18 -0.110 -0.0065 0.060 0.050 -0.090 -0.0035 -0.0030 -0.0065 TO 30 0.00250 -0.00100 0.0025 0.055 -0.0285 0.230 -0.031 -0.017 -0.250 -0.0100 0.285 -0.0315 -0.230 0.420 -0.575 -0.0090 -0.014 0.044 -0.0050 -0.0065 -0.105 0.0040 0.0070 -0.065 0.026 0.0030 TO 3 0.0115 0.095 -0.050 0.405 0.0125 0.080 0.0060 0.450 -0.00125 0.0060 -0.037 0.500 -0.285 -0.0035 0.0175 -0.0150 -0.450 0.650 -0.125 -0.405 -0.0040 -0.0080 TO 40 0.035 0.065 0.0110 OVER 80 -1.065 0.00125 0.700 0.0025 -0.00075 -0.0040 0.0100 -0.180 -0.200 0.0180 TO 355 1.027 -0.0035 0.032 -0.0175 0.165 -0.00200 0.230 0.0030 0.050 -0.0145 OVER 180 -1.080 0.058 -0.0200 -0.026 0.200 -0.800 -0.0025 -0.032 0.925 -0.090 0.700 -0.445 0.550 -0.180 0.0045 -0.145 -0.00125 0.350 -0.0045 -0.700 0.00075 0.031 -0.093 0.230 0.0040 .0035 0.200 0.450 -0.0030 0.001) when IT values is odd.0065 -0.180 -0.105 -0.027 0.240 0.0230 0.0030 0.078 0.0075 -0.0045 -0.00250 0.0075 0.00075 -0.026 -0.0015 0.00060 0.0045 TO 10 0.950 0.0090 -0.075 -0.315 -0.0040 -0.0013 -0.0090 -0.0070 0.270 -0.0050 -0.00250 -0.0070 -0.700 0.078 -0.093 -0.00100 0.00150 0.00040 0.00075 0.080 -0.00350 -0.0020 -0.100 -0.0060 -0.058 -0.215 0.700 -0.110 0.036 -0.150 -0.180 0.020 -0.0115 0.150 -0.013 -0.0045 0.090 0.250 -0.0020 0.110 0.0020 0.0150 -0.315 -0.00060 -0.0020 -0.0200 0.800 -0.0145 OVER 225 -1.00060 0.0020 -0.800 -1.200 0.0090 0.078 -0.175 -0.030 0.500 0.070 -0.200 -0.023 -0.0150 0.160 0.0060 -0.027 0.0020 0.050 -0.150 -0.700 -0.125 -0.450 -0.775 -0.0260 -0.0125 0.285 0.00225 0.0040 0.055 -0.175 0.015 -0.037 -0.036 -0.0040 -0.080 -0.00075 0.070 0.080 0.165 0.125 0.00125 -0.00125 0.080 -0.036 0.0040 0.038 -0.049 -0.0145 TO 250 1.00350 -0.450 -0.600 1.800 1.230 -0.00060 -0.00175 0.050 -0.125 -0.0100 0.0055 OVER 10 -0.0010 -0.445 -0.023 0.050 0.045 0.135 0.0065 0.095 0.0175 -0.260 0.045 -0.775 0.0020 0.0030 -0.0090 0.042 -0.017 -0.00050 -0.0060 0.058 -0.950 0.0025 0.0100 -0.145 0.042 0.045 0.230 -0.0180 OVER 355 -1.0055 OVER 14 -0.200 0.250 0.260 -0. JS5 JS4 JS3 JS2 JS1 0.0050 0.0230 0.0050 -0.315 0.041 0.0055 TO 14 0.240 -0.600 -1.0025 0.925 0.011 0.036 0.125 0.050 -0.00050 0.0020 0.260 0.0125 OVER 120 -1.00075 -0.042 0.315 -0.0040 -0.050 -0.060 0.00175 -0.0100 0.00225 -0.285 0.370 -0.041 -0.150 0.270 0.100 0.049 0.00125 0.405 -0.125 0.00075 0.0040 0.0080 OVER 30 -0.0015 -0.014 -0.070 -0.800 0.215 -0.435 0.2) mm SIZE JS16 JS15 JS14 JS13 JS12 JS11 JS10 JS9 JS8 JS7 JS6 0.050 0.650 -0.0065 -0.007 0.045 -0.0160 OVER 280 -1.195 0.925 -0.044 0.150 0.125 -0.0125 TO 160 1.450 0.0075 0.0125 TO 140 1.00175 0.0105 -0.165 -0.160 -0.0115 -0.160 0.078 0.0010 0.260 0.135 -0.230 -0.095 -0.230 -0..0.009 -0.00225 0.0050 -0.093 -0.125 0.370 -0.0080 0.0080 OVER 40 -0.230 0.0020 -0.0045 0.800 -0.00175 -0.485 -0.020 -0.315 0.0145 OVER 200 -1.435 -0.INTERNAL DIMENSIONS (HOLES) (JS16.017 0.050 0.0125 -0.100 -0.032 -0.0135 0.0095 OVER 50 -0.0060 -0.0055 -0.145 -0.0090 0.0015 0.090 -0.0030 OVER 0 -0.290 -0.0125 0.0045 0.014 -0.015 0.00050 0.00150 -0.0090 -0.0230 -0.800 1.0100 0.105 0.JS1) (ANSI B4.011 -0.041 0.0230 0.215 0.055 0.00075 0.0060 -0.050 0.0070 0.150 0.450 0.065 -0.00150 -0.037 0.00350 0.0025 -0.250 0.0075 0.031 0.0040 0.0125 OVER 160 -1.370 0.070 -0.065 -0.550 0.125 0.030 -0.375 0.0050 0.058 0.0200 OVER 450 -2.200 -0.022 0.00075 -0.575 0.420 0.00250 0.0135 0.0055 -0.800 0.175 0.070 -0.060 0.115 -0.500 -0.080 -0.260 0.500 -0.310 0.105 -0.014 0.090 0.0040 -0.0045 -0.0065 OVER 24 -0.00125 -0.200 -0.950 -0.250 0.00125 -0.650 0.058 0.0100 -0.032 0.0040 0.165 0.0030 -0.00200 -0.125 -0.0013 0.435 -0.00100 0.0040 -0.022 -0.500 0.080 0.TABLE 6-11 TOLERANCE ZONES .290 0.200 -0.00200 0.125 0.575 -0.042 -0.315 0.115 -0.145 0.0315 0.00100 0.0030 -0.0095 TO 80 1.0200 TO 450 2.095 0.00050 -0.0160 TO 315 1.0020 0.0035 -0.0090 -0.00100 -0.110 -0.036 0.070 0.350 0.200 -0.550 -0.800 -0.105 0.420 -0.049 0.105 -0.0080 TO 50 0.0200 TO 500 NOTE: Some js deviations in the grades 7 to 11 have been rounded off to 1/2(IT .00150 0.270 -0.700 -0.080 -0.315 0.020 0.0110 TO 120 1.300 0.0200 -0.125 -0.115 0.360 -0.000 -1.060 -0.600 0.0095 TO 65 0.250 0.032 -0.00125 -0.0065 -0.0025 -0.0285 0.110 0.0060 0.00075 -0.0013 0.041 -0.175 -0.575 -0.0095 OVER 65 -0.00350 0.310 -0.310 0.0050 0.0040 -0.435 0.0060 -0.0040 OVER 3 -0.215 -0.00200 -0.485 0.160 -0.022 -0.0080 -0.420 0.0115 -0.090 -0.0065 TO 24 0.020 0.0145 TO 200 1.600 1.0050 -0.0080 0.500 0.0040 -0.0110 OVER 100 -1.125 0..00100 -0.0260 0.125 -0.037 -0.500 0.250 -0.0035 -0.0050 0.020 -0.445 -0.00225 -0.018 0.000 1.0125 TO 180 1.065 -0.0100 -0.250 -0.925 0.00350 -0.0285 -0.065 -0.700 0.0105 0.00350 0.500 0.800 0.0020 0.0160 OVER 250 -1.0160 TO 280 1.0070 0.0075 0.0035 -0.060 -0.0230 -0.0200 -0.0015 -0.0050 0.0030 0.060 -0.360 -0.950 -0.200 0.00040 -0.0045 OVER 6 -0.070 0.260 -0.070 0.0030 0.0075 -0.00100 -0.485 -0.0050 -0.032 0.00075 -0.0060 0.0030 -0.650 -0.00175 0.0050 0.125 -0.0040 0.0180 TO 400 2.230 0.310 -0.00250 -0.0040 TO 6 0.925 -0.800 0.065 0.023 -0.044 -0.260 -0.0260 -0.925 0.250 -0.375 -0.600 0.100 0.0013 -0.0145 TO 225 1.0055 0.105 0.0110 TO 100 1.029 0.650 0.0125 -0.0030 -0.017 0.0020 0.0200 OVER 400 -2.050 -0.250 0.0315 0.800 -0.049 -0.00125 -0.370 0.0050 -0.150 0.0030 0.800 0.0040 -0.0125 OVER 140 -1.044 0.0105 0.0025 0.031 0.600 -0.0065 0.070 -0.0285 -0.0040 -0.350 0.024 -0.0090 -0.0090 0.027 -0.0080 -0.0125 0.00125 0.0050 0.0200 0.080 0.360 0.045 0.00075 0.0090 0. 013 -0.078 -0.022 +0.003 -0.040 K9 0.004 -0.006 -0.009 -0.017 -0.115 -0.016 OVER 50 +0.016 -0.003 -0.020 -0.003 -0.013 -0.010 -0.022 -0.055 +0.068 -0.009 -0.131 -0.027 M8 -0.002 +0.071 -0.008 -0.000 -0.052 -0.009 +0.063 +0.040 0.085 -0.031 -0.TABLE 6-12 TOLERANCE ZONES .008 +0.023 -0.037 -0.004 TO 18 -0.016 -0.009 +0.004 -0.002 +0.021 +0.042 M9 -0.015 +0.039 OVER 400 +0.013 -0.018 +0.034 +0.027 -0.008 +0.023 +0.017 +0.013 +0.016 +0.008 +0.050 +0.002 -0.004 -0.014 K7 0.178 -0.002 -0.015 +0.016 -0.064 -0.024 +0.000 -0.005 -0.000 -0.001 -0.029 +0.009 6 +0.009 -0.036 OVER 315 +0.050 -0.131 -0.012 -0.2) mm K8 0.029 +0.008 -0.015 -0.041 +0.000 -0.015 -0.086 -0.021 -0.005 -0.007 -0.055 -0.011 -0.115 -0.003 -0.000 -0.015 +0.100 -0.006 -0.005 -0.005 -0.016 M7 -0.004 -0.046 0.012 -0.043 OVER 450 +0.019 -0.029 -0.010 -0.150 -0.251 -0.033 +0.005 +0.004 -0.020 -0.002 -0.060 -0.013 +0.008 +0.005 +0.072 -0.028 -0..063 -0.175 -0.040 -0.015 -0.015 -0.006 -0.023 +0.025 -0.012 -0.013 TO 315 -0.027 -0.056 -0.153 -0.020 -0.025 K5 0.010 -0.020 +0.230 -0.004 -0.002 -0.001 0.010 -0.230 -0.001 -0.061 -0.010 +0.132 -0.009 -0.013 -0.033 -0.010 OVER 10 +0.022 -0.050 -0.005 SIZE OVER TO 0 3 OVER TO OVER K10 0.005 -0.009 -0.018 +0.011 -0.016 +0.010 +0.018 +0.003 -0.005 0.002 -0..013 -0.018 +0.008 -0.025 +0.021 -0.001 -0.025 0.003 -0.109 -0.009 -0.025 -0.016 TO 450 -0.017 -0.023 +0.085 -0.000 -0.011 +0.000 -0.002 -0.012 -0.012 -0.029 +0.015 +0.004 TO 10 -0.000 -0.004 -0.009 -0.202 -0.025 +0.029 -0.008 -0.273 -0.175 -0.006 +0.023 -0.015 -0.000 -0.002 +0.002 -0.015 -0.002 -0.004 -0.036 -0.025 -0.011 -0.018 -0.033 -0.025 -0.000 -0.009 -0.006 TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO 65 65 80 80 100 100 120 120 140 140 160 160 180 -0.251 -0.011 +0.025 +0.007 +0.004 -0.000 -0.034 -0.012 OVER 14 +0.007 +0.060 -0.000 -0.016 -0.006 -0.050 -0.018 +0.045 -0.100 -0.000 -0.033 -0.017 +0.161 -0.010 -0.008 -0.048 +0.027 +0.011 TO 250 -0.046 -0.021 0.019 -0.068 -0.015 +0.017 -0.019 -0.015 -0.063 -0.010 -0.009 -0.202 -0.002 -0.006 +0.000 -0.031 OVER 250 +0.021 +0.005 -0.012 -0.015 -0.011 0.004 TO 14 -0.036 -0.273 -0.153 -0.000 -0.092 -0.005 -0.005 -0.003 -0.020 +0.009 -0.010 K6 0.012 +0.039 OVER 355 +0.072 -0.008 -0.005 -0.017 +0.004 -0.031 OVER 225 +0.021 0.020 -0.011 0.040 -0.057 -0.021 +0.015 +0.006 3 +0.048 +0.002 -0.004 -0.005 TO 50 -0.056 -0.012 M6 -0.004 -0.003 -0.017 -0.045 -0.027 -0.043 -0..015 -0.021 +0.018 -0.036 OVER 280 +0.002 -0.009 -0.017 -0.000 -0.028 +0.008 -0.023 -0.178 -0.008 -0.052 -0.002 -0.035 0.007 +0.055 +0.002 -0.022 -0.000 -0.037 -0. M10 .202 -0.086 -0.050 -0.025 +0.063 -0.003 -0.014 NUMERICAL VALUES FOR TOLERANCE ZONES IN THIS AREA NOT DEFINED TO 355 -0.010 -0.003 -0.009 -0.020 -0.007 -0.041 -0.011 +0.004 +0.028 +0.000 -0.041 +0.018 -0.021 +0.046 -0.002 0.030 0.063 0.022 -0.175 -0.007 +0.043 +0.000 -0.008 -0.037 -0.011 0.018 +0.028 -0.013 TO 280 -0.150 -0.040 -0.033 -0.018 -0.006 +0.071 -0.016 -0.011 -0.000 -0.007 -0.009 +0.009 -0.002 -0. K5.003 6 -0.020 -0..019 -0.014 +0.023 -0.035 0.046 -0.010 -0.006 -0.006 -0.016 TO 500 -0.020 -0.050 +0.000 -0.004 -0.050 -0.041 -0.000 -0.109 -0.014 -0.015 -0.007 +0.008 -0.021 +0.027 OVER TO OVER TO 180 200 200 225 +0.024 +0.027 -0.038 +0.042 -0.043 .008 -0.004 -0.013 -0.008 -0.012 OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER 18 24 24 30 30 40 40 +0.005 -0.132 -0.000 -0.028 -0.005 +0.000 -0.000 -0.115 -0.057 -0.006 -0.002 -0.008 +0.003 +0.017 -0.010 -0.001 -0.011 -0.008 M5 -0.009 -0.004 -0.021 -0.024 -0.027 -0.052 -0.008 +0.018 -0.004 M10 -0.012 -0.013 -0.000 -0.009 0.013 +0.002 -0.008 -0.034 +0.032 -0.009 0.000 -0.092 -0.043 +0.007 -0.029 +0.006 -0.006 -0.011 0. M5) (ANSI B4.003 -0.002 0.077 -0.078 -0.008 -0.023 +0.006 -0.006 -0.032 +0.032 +0.008 -0.000 -0.020 -0.002 0.006 -0.032 -0.020 -0.013 -0.046 -0.008 +0.017 -0.000 -0.009 +0.024 -0.INTERNAL DIMENSIONS (HOLES) (K10 .038 +0.009 0.006 +0.161 -0.005 0.030 0.014 -0.014 TO 400 -0.012 -0.024 -0.033 +0.004 -0.002 0.002 -0.013 +0.028 +0.040 0.002 -0.005 -0.021 -0.003 -0.000 -0.000 -0.005 +0.028 +0.077 -0.061 -0.002 -0.132 +0.025 -0.014 -0. 021 -0.028 N5 -0.016 -0.130 0.106 -0.074 0.021 -0.013 -0.011 -0.056 -0.155 0.045 -0.000 -0.066 -0.060 -0.058 0.043 -0.003 -0.062 -0.019 -0.050 -0.037 -0.020 -0.050 -0.057 -0.043 0.022 -0.022 -0.165 -0.033 -0.039 -0.017 -0.060 -0.000 -0.000 -0.070 0.033 OVER 10 0.079 -0.061 -0.016 -0.210 0.000 -0.052 -0.068 -0.055 -0.045 -0.018 -0.026 -0.004 -0.000 -0.020 -0.024 -0.040 -0.004 -0.050 -0.009 -0.000 -0.008 -0.000 -0.068 -0.2) mm SIZE OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO 0 3 3 6 6 10 10 14 14 18 18 24 24 30 30 40 N10 -0.000 -0.043 -0.050 -0.068 -0.016 -0.203 -0.077 -0.061 -0.024 -0.070 -0.009 -0.045 -0.067 -0.155 -0.TABLE 6-13 TOLERANCE ZONES .000 -0.031 -0.070 0.062 N8 -0.059 -0.079 -0.033 N6 -0.044 -0.031 -0.074 0.014 -0.028 -0.056 -0.087 0.106 -0.023 -0. P10 .058 -0.186 -0.021 -0.022 -0.230 0.055 -0.030 -0.078 -0.080 -0..000 -0.185 0.062 -0.062 -0.120 0.000 -0.041 -0.060 -0.041 -0.087 -0.008 -0.032 -0.068 -0.046 -0.058 -0.068 -0.050 -0.050 -0.151 -0.152 -0.086 -0.029 -0.108 -0.052 0.042 -0.041 -0.062 -0.056 -0..005 -0.013 -0.007 -0.015 -0.028 -0.088 -0.065 -0.051 -0.045 -0.026 -0.020 -0.006 -0.025 -0.036 0.005 -0.047 -0.177 -0.014 -0.000 -0.022 -0.033 -0.036 -0.008 -0.080 -0.037 -0.106 -0.045 -0.073 -0.087 -0.033 -0.000 -0.018 -0.036 -0.000 -0.073 -0.006 -0.185 0.015 -0.091 -0.050 -0.043 -0.052 -0.052 0.088 .122 -0.055 OVER 140 0.062 0.043 -0.021 -0.006 -0.052 -0.088 -0.006 -0.021 -0.292 -0.098 -0.009 -0.005 -0.088 -0.014 -0.021 -0.015 -0.032 -0.016 -0.033 -0.024 -0.143 -0.068 -0.028 -0.018 -0.115 0.008 -0.014 -0.017 -0.000 -0.022 TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER 50 50 65 65 80 80 100 100 120 120 -0.055 OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO 160 180 180 200 200 225 225 250 250 280 280 315 315 355 355 400 400 450 450 500 0.235 -0.011 -0.026 -0.027 -0.027 -0.000 -0.000 -0.035 -0.007 -0.084 0.012 -0.235 -0.032 -0.000 -0.004 -0.000 -0.115 0.043 0.014 -0.250 0.027 -0.012 -0.140 0.029 -0.012 -0.000 0.318 -0.143 -0.033 -0.019 -0.019 -0.033 -0.266 -0.033 -0.020 -0.004 -0.051 -0.070 -0.051 -0.079 -0.004 -0.018 -0.140 0.026 -0.029 0.055 -0.043 -0.055 -0.014 -0.003 -0.100 -0.010 -0.018 -0.000 -0.124 -0.010 -0.177 -0.000 -0.087 0.103 -0.040 -0.070 -0.003 -0.000 -0.095 -0.045 -0.061 -0.015 -0.062 -0.024 -0.014 -0.067 -0.051 -0.160 0.032 -0.050 -0.028 -0.012 -0.165 -0.007 -0.036 -0.022 -0.030 -0.004 -0.000 -0.120 0.106 -0.060 -0.073 -0.067 -0.037 -0.039 -0.186 -0.061 -0.027 -0.223 -0.024 -0.017 -0.061 -0.041 -0.055 -0.015 -0.230 0.015 -0.074 -0.000 -0.185 0.000 -0.000 -0.027 -0.028 -0.068 -0.202 -0.250 0.006 -0.060 -0.000 -0.074 -0.022 -0.000 -0.005 -0.010 -0.137 -0.026 -0.012 -0.028 -0.152 -0.050 -0.126 P9 -0.078 -0.100 -0.106 -0.006 -0.004 -0.030 -0.039 -0.014 -0.122 -0.004 -0.026 -0.088 P8 -0.002 -0.050 -0.016 -0.037 -0. P5) (ANSI B4.160 -0.022 -0.030 -0.140 0.056 -0.018 -0.000 -0.051 -0.047 -0.025 -0.100 N9 -0.000 -0.043 -0.000 0.098 -0.017 -0.072 -0.018 -0.033 -0.057 -0.051 -0.026 -0.042 -0.005 -0.011 -0.020 -0.151 -0.126 -0.INTERNAL DIMENSIONS (HOLES) (N10 .100 0.026 -0.318 -0.020 -0.021 -0.047 -0.004 -0.018 -0.045 -0.165 -0.042 -0.050 -0.045 -0. N5.068 -0.005 -0.086 -0.055 -0.048 0.045 -0.000 -0.051 -0.037 -0.049 -0.045 -0.035 -0.022 -0.006 -0.084 0.088 -0.021 -0.036 -0.203 -0.019 -0.000 -0.043 -0.014 -0.015 -0.052 -0.079 -0.009 -0.094 -0.021 -0.055 -0.016 -0.051 -0.003 -0.037 -0.012 -0.005 -0.088 -0.000 -0.108 -0.038 -0.023 -0.032 -0.033 -0.025 -0.165 -0.094 -0.088 -0.012 -0.012 -0.047 -0.080 -0.056 -0.203 -0.000 -0.000 -0.027 -0.041 -0.000 -0.000 -0.012 -0.045 -0.062 -0.017 -0.015 -0.036 -0.000 -0.033 -0.032 -0.080 -0.202 -0.050 -0.013 -0.003 -0.140 0.062 -0.005 -0.100 0.012 -0.210 0.292 -0.004 -0.017 -0.103 -0.055 -0.008 -0.072 -0.106 -0.036 -0.009 -0.050 -0.039 -0.037 P5 -0.030 -0.023 -0.000 -0.022 -0.137 -0.014 -0.032 -0.022 -0.043 -0.062 -0.064 -0.223 -0.130 0.004 -0.000 -0..000 -0.020 -0.018 -0.016 -0.011 -0.039 -0.124 -0.000 -0.061 -0.009 -0.004 -0.061 -0.000 -0.012 -0.037 -0.016 -0.025 -0.037 TO 160 -0.044 -0.010 -0.015 -0.024 -0.028 -0.028 -0.037 -0.011 -0.014 -0.055 -0.038 -0.006 -0.000 -0.003 -0.009 -0.024 P10 -0.004 -0.007 -0.004 -0.045 -0.077 -0.026 -0.043 -0.037 TO 140 -0.115 0.067 -0.064 -0.044 -0.018 -0.005 -0.077 -0.095 -0.235 -0.037 -0.030 0.036 -0.023 -0.026 -0.025 -0.266 -0.018 -0.030 -0.067 -0.033 -0..056 -0.032 -0.079 -0.025 -0.122 -0.026 -0.060 -0.009 -0.013 -0.143 -0.012 -0.005 -0.068 -0.026 -0.030 -0.000 -0.020 -0.031 -0.049 -0.066 -0.003 -0.064 -0.042 N7 -0.045 -0.160 -0.000 -0.045 -0.028 -0.106 -0.012 -0.091 -0.165 -0.004 -0.017 -0.059 -0.052 -0.021 -0.042 P6 -0.065 P7 -0.044 0.028 -0. 165 -0.014 -0.092 -0.034 -0.104 -0.146 -0.059 -0.078 -0.149 -0.2) mm SIZE OVER 0 TO 3 OVER 3 TO 6 OVER 6 TO 10 OVER 10 TO 14 OVER 14 TO 18 OVER 18 TO 24 OVER 24 TO 30 OVER 30 TO 40 OVER 40 TO 50 OVER 50 TO 65 OVER 65 TO 80 OVER 80 TO 100 OVER 100 TO 120 OVER 120 TO 140 OVER 140 TO 160 OVER 160 TO 180 OVER 180 TO 200 OVER 200 TO 225 OVER 225 TO 250 OVER 250 TO 280 OVER 280 TO 315 OVER 315 TO 355 OVER 355 TO 400 OVER 400 TO 450 OVER 450 TO 500 R10 -0.254 -0.098 -0.126 -0.158 -0.265 -0.014 -0.015 -0.259 -0.053 -0.054 -0.159 R5 -0.015 -0.019 -0.036 -0.054 -0.053 -0.071 -0.028 -0.045 -0.020 -0.014 -0.020 -0.093 -0.028 -0.186 -0.034 -0.120 -0.084 -0.051 -0.063 -0.048 -0.031 -0.115 -0.248 -0.067 -0.035 -0.093 -0.212 -0.232 -0.084 -0.080 -0.020 -0.179 -0.382 R9 -0.041 -0.125 -0.029 -0.059 -0.113 -0.097 -0.041 -0.245 -0.124 -0.239 -0.041 -0.304 -0.010 -0.232 -0.244 -0.239 -0.154 -0.202 -0.208 -0.028 -0.094 -0.096 -0.100 -0.073 -0.024 -0.066 -0.050 -0.141 -0.252 -0.028 -0.223 -0.043 -0.100 -0.043 -0.051 -0.181 -0.028 -0.074 -0.407 S8 -0.108 -0.228 -0.119 -0.028 -0.055 -0.061 -0.133 -0.208 -0.149 -0.114 -0.187 -0.014 -0.041 -0.035 -0.502 S9 -0.066 -0.063 -0.034 -0.020 -0.226 -0.037 -0.202 -0.089 -0.068 -0.170 -0.113 -0.190 -0.179 -0.072 -0.020 -0.036 -0.068 -0.190 -0.076 -0.119 -0.014 -0.103 -0.315 -0.233 -0.211 -0.072 -0.041 -0.071 -0.108 -0.067 -0.079 -0.056 -0.016 -0.061 -0.330 -0.TABLE 6-14 TOLERANCE ZONES .029 -0.080 -0.133 -0.035 -0.057 -0.168 -0.166 -0.019 -0.016 -0.114 -0.025 -0.047 -0.036 -0.163 -0.245 -0.034 -0.053 -0.023 -0.199 -0.014 -0.016 -0.015 -0.098 -0.194 -0.066 -0.229 -0.087 -0.061 -0.104 -0.144 -0.023 -0.025 -0.054 -0.117 -0.190 -0.101 -0..438 -0.010 -0.034 -0.108 -0.144 -0.348 -0.029 -0.020 -0.237 -0.059 -0.260 -0.101 -0.232 -0.229 R7 -0.108 -0.151 -0.023 -0.160 -0.156 -0.031 -0.191 -0.109 -0.138 -0.027 -0.010 -0.020 -0.021 -0.041 -0.105 -0.174 -0.215 -0.349 S7 -0.034 -0.039 -0.034 -0.112 -0.387 -0.126 -0.170 -0.132 -0.292 S6 -0.077 -0..262 -0.127 -0.049 -0.068 -0.075 -0.041 -0.252 -0.050 -0.307 -0.092 -0.079 -0.054 -0.028 -0.094 -0.138 -0.055 -0.251 -0.010 -0.223 -0.163 -0.077 -0.034 -0.030 -0.096 -0.287 R8 -0.027 -0.028 -0.028 -0.071 -0.028 -0.028 -0.094 -0.159 -0.071 -0.068 -0.015 -0.025 -0.075 -0.194 -0.192 -0.028 -0.060 -0.108 -0.051 -0.041 -0. S5) (ANSI B4.042 -0.071 -0.085 -0.065 -0.051 -0.049 -0.420 -0.325 -0. S10 .066 -0.028 -0.041 -0.030 -0.086 -0.140 -0.172 R6 -0.252 -0.020 -0.131 -0.119 -0.128 -0.098 -0.043 -0.114 -0.225 -0.066 -0.107 -0.130 -0.139 -0.093 -0.032 -0.045 -0.195 -0.054 -0.082 -0.081 -0.024 -0.093 -0.027 -0.016 -0.163 -0.126 -0.030 -0..279 S5 -0.130 -0.143 -0.037 -0.071 -0.038 -0.153 -0.023 -0.126 -0.019 -0.106 -0.112 -0.082 -0.041 -0.166 -0.019 -0.197 -0.025 -0.119 -0.023 -0.143 -0.142 -0.031 -0.018 -0.140 -0.065 -0.028 -0.140 -0.175 -0.025 -0.025 -0.081 -0.201 -0.063 -0.151 -0.060 -0.017 -0.043 -0.203 -0.059 -0.150 -0.054 -0.012 -0.125 -0.039 -0.034 -0.338 -0.226 -0.011 -0.038 -0.121 -0.113 -0.010 -0.208 -0.097 -0.109 -0.068 -0.126 -0.192 -0.064 -0.089 -0.065 -0.098 -0.014 -0.024 -0.100 -0.085 -0.072 -0.023 -0.077 -0.132 -0.035 -0.093 -0.272 -0.158 -0.044 -0.087 -0.023 -0.044 -0.056 -0.025 -0.017 -0.035 -0.043 -0.132 -0.048 -0.063 -0.134 -0.126 -0.219 -0.059 -0.034 -0.081 -0.080 -0.053 -0.268 -0.133 -0.049 -0.380 -0.099 -0..125 -0.023 -0.269 -0.094 -0.255 -0.064 -0.013 -0.079 -0.136 -0.019 -0.045 -0.061 -0.087 -0.133 -0.163 -0.038 -0.279 -0.035 -0.193 -0.308 -0.063 -0.281 -0.200 -0.027 -0.161 -0.105 -0.046 -0.086 -0.219 -0.152 S10 -0.050 -0.061 -0.016 -0.300 -0.024 -0.208 -0.050 -0.116 -0.080 -0.482 -0.043 -0.169 -0.155 -0.190 -0.100 -0.038 -0.179 -0.073 -0.054 -0.108 -0.059 -0.105 -0.123 -0.021 -0.118 -0.288 -0.023 -0.094 -0.093 -0.048 -0.050 -0.037 -0.114 -0.069 -0.131 -0.043 -0.132 -0.086 -0.039 -0.183 -0.103 -0.078 -0.020 -0.035 -0.083 -0.054 -0.085 -0.112 -0.209 -0.021 -0.019 -0.197 -0.032 -0.122 -0.034 -0.090 -0.150 -0.329 -0.252 -0.088 -0.093 -0.098 -0.071 -0.130 -0.062 -0.074 -0.110 -0.126 -0.024 -0.032 -0.059 -0.050 -0.171 -0.019 -0.045 -0.113 -0.078 -0.050 -0. R5.028 -0.108 -0.228 -0.376 -0.110 -0.039 -0.043 -0.037 -0.225 -0.080 -0.043 -0.025 -0.020 -0.344 -0.170 -0.031 -0.091 -0.047 -0.023 -0.084 -0.368 -0.134 -0.122 -0.068 -0.297 -0.224 -0.066 -0.098 -0.173 -0.101 -0.152 -0.077 -0.033 -0.122 -0.055 -0.094 -0.105 -0.039 -0.041 -0.117 -0.025 -0.033 -0.067 -0.169 -0.048 -0.158 -0.105 -0.080 -0.048 -0.058 -0.252 -0.077 -0.018 -0.208 -0.014 -0.134 -0.053 -0.034 -0.077 -0.023 -0.117 -0.050 -0.091 -0.158 -0.121 -0.062 -0.073 -0.102 -0.089 -0.010 -0.028 -0.074 -0.161 -0.092 -0.035 -0.INTERNAL DIMENSIONS (HOLES) (R10 .087 -0.272 .130 -0.032 -0.033 -0.058 -0.023 -0.044 -0.087 -0.150 -0. 139 -0.350 -0.074 -0.164 -0.220 -0.030 TO 14 -0.088 -0.195 -0.278 -0.180 -0.208 -0.353 -0.139 -0.115 -0.158 -0.294 -0.122 -0.044 -0.076 -0.075 -0.146 -0.485 -0.074 -0.610 -0.033 -0.166 -0.074 -0.065 -0.294 -0.018 -0.190 -0.119 -0.265 -0.240 -0.110 -0.159 -0.139 -0.190 -0.210 -0.435 -0.379 -0.587 -0.194 -0.330 -0.049 -0.331 -0.341 -0.180 -0.019 -0.348 -0.191 -0.225 -0.158 -0.048 -0.218 -0.166 -0.315 -0.234 -0.041 -0.211 -0.116 -0.222 -0.041 -0.308 -0.400 -0.533 -0.082 -0.077 -0.018 -0.066 -0.124 -0.037 -0.163 -0.163 -0..290 -0.081 -0.382 -0.031 -0.128 -0.310 -0.107 -0.218 -0.231 -0.121 -0.231 -0.330 -0.109 -0.330 -0.045 -0.071 -0.066 -0.018 -0.179 -0.122 -0.247 -0.087 -0.054 -0.067 -0.196 -0.540 -0.510 -0.414 -0.306 -0.041 -0.032 OVER 10 THIS AREA NOT DEFINED -0.170 -0.408 -0.540 -0.022 TO 6 -0.222 -0.227 -0.295 -0.024 -0.066 -0.079 -0.170 -0.360 -0.390 -0.025 -0.148 -0.434 -0.022 -0.323 -0.580 -0.241 -0.298 -0.041 -0.124 -0.258 -0.293 -0.038 OVER 18 -0.026 -0.115 -0.117 -0.028 -0.146 -0.209 -0.026 -0.033 -0.381 -0.479 -0.122 -0.091 -0.256 -0.140 -0.171 -0.065 -0.033 -0.088 -0.081 -0.087 -0.048 -0.186 -0.018 -0.284 -0.030 -0.070 -0.356 -0.050 -0.186 -0.740 -0. T5.060 -0.294 -0.166 -0.337 -0.160 -0.140 -0.471 -0.338 -0.101 -0.317 -0.258 -0.093 -0.175 -0.198 -0.099 -0.390 -0.373 -0.575 -0.257 -0.267 -0.236 -0.030 -0.134 -0.176 -0.020 -0.146 -0.431 -0.321 -0.365 -0.182 -0.370 -0.315 -0.264 -0.093 -0.018 TO 3 -0.195 -0.370 -0.070 -0.347 -0.246 -0.106 -0.104 -0.023 -0.152 -0.134 -0.524 -0.268 -0.070 -0.027 OVER 6 NUMERICAL VALUES FOR -0.460 -0.094 -0.055 -0.477 -0.087 -0.041 -0.023 -0.284 -0.095 -0.033 -0.091 -0.209 -0.273 -0.060 -0.250 -0.426 -0.256 -0.114 -0.215 -0.133 -0.207 -0.075 -0.028 -0.435 -0.066 -0.369 -0.304 -0.284 -0.030 TO 18 -0.540 -0.450 -0.060 -0.061 -0.580 -0.515 -0.100 -0.184 -0.469 -0.230 -0.041 -0.284 -0.170 -0.187 -0.435 -0.116 -0.637 -0.233 -0.097 -0.350 -0.064 -0.171 -0.126 -0.366 -0.028 -0.161 -0.286 -0.272 -0.185 -0.037 -0.270 -0.517 -0.282 -0.058 -0.085 -0.TABLE 6-15 TOLERANCE ZONES .235 -0.330 -0.106 -0.498 -0.155 -0.218 -0.210 -0.307 -0.055 -0.480 -0.560 -0.283 -0.149 -0.104 -0.051 -0.196 -0.396 -0.122 -0.166 -0.387 -0.061 -0.064 -0.132 -0.308 -0.560 -0.059 -0.240 -0.421 -0.113 -0.443 -0.157 -0.043 -0.048 -0..050 -0.034 -0.2) mm SIZE OVER U10 U9 U8 U7 U6 U5 0 T10 T9 T8 T7 T6 T5 -0.567 -0.231 -0.048 -0.312 -0.453 -0.530 -0.304 -0.125 -0.174 -0.048 -0.268 -0.252 -0.273 -0.343 -0.041 -0.200 -0.028 -0.102 -0.060 -0.081 -0.178 -0.124 -0.041 -0.330 -0.164 -0.195 -0.070 -0.102 -0.038 -0.390 -0.078 -0.790 -0.070 -0.178 -0.457 -0.408 -0.281 -0.103 -0.154 -0.183 -0.315 -0.033 -0.428 -0.054 -0.219 -0.530 -0.360 -0.140 -0.048 -0.236 -0.057 -0.347 -0.093 -0.299 -0.380 .211 -0.131 -0.275 -0.086 -0.209 -0.045 -0.383 -0.137 -0.427 -0.204 -0.038 OVER 14 -0.112 -0.047 OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO 24 30 30 40 40 50 50 65 65 80 80 100 100 120 120 140 140 160 160 180 180 200 200 225 225 250 250 280 280 315 315 355 355 400 400 450 450 500 -0.258 -0.170 -0.084 -0.249 -0.190 -0.695 -0.620 -0.483 -0.154 -0.044 -0.044 -0.054 -0.525 -0.054 -0.524 -0.306 -0.196 -0.050 -0.357 -0.188 -0.238 -0.076 -0.330 -0.086 -0. U5) (ANSI B4.216 -0.040 -0.210 -0.146 -0.134 -0.445 -0.026 TO 10 TOLERANCE ZONES IN -0.149 -0.313 -0.424 -0.527 -0.490 -0.076 -0.097 -0.055 -0.047 -0.071 -0.234 -0.253 -0.198 -0.110 -0.250 -0.125 -0.268 -0.295 -0.086 -0.075 -0.119 -0.144 -0.056 -0.060 -0.236 -0.159 -0.490 -0.350 -0.060 -0.087 -0.233 -0.043 -0.054 0.054 -0.064 -0.330 -0.311 -0.061 -0.076 -0.146 -0.350 -0.228 -0.261 -0.360 -0.287 -0.033 -0..351 -0.278 -0.144 -0.268 -0.134 -0.037 -0.203 -0.018 -0.370 -0.180 -0.134 -0.050 -0.044 -0.517 -0.319 -0.244 -0.033 -0.028 -0.252 -0.147 -0.240 -0.100 -0.145 -0.467 -0.053 -0.645 -0.131 -0.091 -0.399 -0.272 -0.144 -0.022 OVER 3 -0.160 -0.350 -0.091 -0.121 -0.069 -0.241 -0.104 -0.038 TO 24 -0.032 -0.263 -0.111 -0.061 -0.357 -0. U10.665 -0.428 -0.039 -0..119 -0.102 -0.294 -0.033 -0.202 -0.148 -0.383 -0.091 -0.023 -0.210 -0.490 -0.415 -0.INTERNAL DIMENSIONS (HOLES) (T10 .351 -0.103 -0.096 -0.287 -0.190 -0.373 -0.197 -0.041 -0.222 -0.195 -0.132 -0.180 -0.099 -0.127 -0. 373 -0.232 -0.382 -0.692 -0.310 -0.156 -0.379 -0.068 -0.020 -0.280 -0.292 OVER 160 -0.740 -0.405 -0.360 -0.187 -0.408 -0.468 -0.610 -0.026 -0.466 -0.067 -0.172 -0.583 -0.595 -0.284 -0.045 -0.TABLE 6-16 TOLERANCE ZONES .454 -0.506 -0.040 -0.055 -0.608 -0.242 -0.135 -0.414 -0.555 -0.097 -0.717 -0.068 -0.566 -0.582 -0.322 -0.202 -0.305 -0.660 -0.040 -0.240 -0.425 -0..233 -0.340 -0.081 -0.140 -0.595 -0.200 -0.043 -0.115 -0.051 -0.475 -0.032 OVER 6 -0.067 -0.122 -0.530 -0.757 -0.264 -0.248 -0.660 -0.685 -0.039 -0.054 -0.077 -0.036 -0.639 -0.139 -0.176 -0.227 -0.122 -0.092 -0.INTERNAL DIMENSIONS (HOLES) (V10 .053 -0.228 -0.265 -0.265 -0.441 -0.890 -0.310 -0.034 -0.115 -0.210 -0.445 -0.619 -0.491 -0.385 -0.141 -0.037 TO 14 -0.240 -0.265 -0.570 -0.165 -0.376 -0.055 -0.122 -0. X10 .117 -0.245 -0.860 -0.076 -0.056 -0.324 -0.280 -0.350 -0.081 -0.339 -0.248 -0.310 -0.237 -0.064 -0.525 -0.161 -0.064 -0.097 -0.076 -0.088 -0.113 -0.530 -0..328 -0.304 -0.143 -0.159 -0.540 -0.378 -0.248 -0.054 -0.052 -0.304 -0. X5) (ANSI B4.187 -0.500 -0.525 -0.298 -0.088 -0.083 -0.192 -0.046 -0.649 -0.548 -0.750 -0.178 -0.061 -0.116 -0.168 -0.572 -0.820 -0.401 -0.622 -0.020 -0.167 -0.141 -0.068 -0.154 -0.039 -0.660 -0.081 -0.273 -0.106 -0.050 -0.084 -0.454 -0.354 -0.653 -0.335 -0.024 -0.416 -0.093 -0.213 -0.138 -0.233 -0.058 -0.050 -0.653 -0.080 -0.590 -0.241 -0.405 -0.030 -0.425 -0.280 -0.193 -0.228 -0.075 -0.740 -0.056 -0.088 -0.635 -0.130 -0.507 -0.412 -0.615 -0.168 -0.036 -0.028 -0.569 -0.556 -0.082 -0.813 -0.165 -0.040 -0.493 -0.159 -0.196 -0.142 -0.530 -0.102 -0.080 -0.273 -0.301 -0.605 -0.348 -0.760 -0.515 -0.253 -0.070 -0.425 -0.246 -0.130 -0.111 -0.195 -0.197 -0.182 -0.200 -0.548 -0.102 -0.061 -0.097 -0.455 -0.344 -0.252 -0.350 -0..120 -0.379 -0.222 -0.767 -0.068 -0.242 -0.119 -0.028 -0.422 -0.410 -0.020 -0.055 -0.072 -0.440 -0.362 -0.525 -0.847 -0.310 -0.188 -0.412 -0.136 -0.148 -0.425 -0.797 -0.178 -0.270 -0.500 -0.457 -0.505 -0.760 -0.535 -0.820 -0.975 -0.221 -0.266 -0.590 -0.259 -0. V5.075 -0.092 -0.416 -0.128 -0.815 -0.408 -0.408 -0.425 -0.655 -0.364 -0.733 -0.056 -0.399 -0.045 -0.080 -0.051 -0.516 -0.088 -0.060 -0.468 -0.220 -0.385 -0.064 -0.063 -0.312 -0.028 -0.606 -0.291 -0.557 -0.297 -0.146 -0.343 -0.509 -0.120 -0.053 -0.044 -0.302 -0.096 -0.495 -0.470 -0.050 -0.330 -0.727 -0.304 TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO 180 180 200 200 225 225 250 250 280 280 315 315 355 355 400 400 450 450 500 -0.352 -0.579 -0.070 -0.555 -0.099 -0.2) mm SIZE OVER X10 X9 X8 X7 X6 X5 0 V10 V9 V8 V7 V6 V5 -0.025 -0.047 -0.564 -0. .028 -0.060 -0.064 -0.073 -0.108 -0.148 -0.171 -0.046 -0.275 -0.044 -0.910 -0.080 -0.637 -0.679 -0.680 -0.295 -0.091 -0.990 -0.114 -0.518 -0.146 -0.678 -0.107 -0.660 -0.820 -0.685 -0.159 -0.232 -0.331 -0.059 -0.323 -0.220 -0.350 -0.172 -0.475 -0.310 -0.042 -0.917 -0.660 -0.313 -0.131 -0.222 -0.096 -0.172 -0.340 -0.511 -0.293 -0.315 -0.181 -0.210 -0.475 -0.590 -0.730 -0.034 -0.419 -0.036 -0.385 -0..038 OVER 10 -0.146 -0.220 -0.595 -0.202 -0.497 -0.210 -0.334 -0.385 -0.267 -0.038 -0.104 -0.070 -0.311 -0.109 -0.455 -0.523 -0.165 -0.385 -0.837 -0.439 -0.040 -0.197 -0.260 -0.298 -0.226 -0.020 -0.097 -0.735 -0.469 -0.146 -0.056 -0.541 -0.120 -0.045 -0.139 -0.027 TO 6 -0.202 -0.700 -0.696 -0.369 -0.370 -0.895 -0.225 -0.418 -0.228 -0.278 -0.800 -0.032 TO 10 -0.047 -0.048 -0.043 -0.588 -0.425 -0.087 -0.740 -0.135 -0.266 -0.284 -0.141 -0.660 -0.066 -0.060 -0.214 -0.033 -0.024 OVER 3 -0.020 TO 3 -0.670 -0.045 -0.079 -0.705 -0.318 -0.350 -0.077 -0.060 -0.252 -0.196 -0.595 -0.020 -0.047 -0.448 -0.178 -0.087 -0.466 -0.146 -0.333 -0.039 -0.356 -0.376 -0.417 -0.246 -0.168 -0.115 -0.047 -0.399 -0.519 -0.310 -0.203 -0.465 -0.284 -0.368 -0.340 -0.051 -0.475 -0.045 OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER 14 18 18 24 24 30 30 40 40 50 50 65 65 80 80 100 100 120 120 140 140 -0.845 -0.205 -0.180 -0.063 -0.109 -0.286 -0.385 -0.464 -0.840 NUMERICAL VALUES FOR TOLERANCE ZONES IN THIS AREA NOT DEFINED.042 -0.380 -0.475 -0.173 -0.525 -0.037 -0.121 -0.365 -0.064 -0.303 -0.820 -1.341 -0.107 -0.146 -0.277 -0.039 -0.076 -0.635 -0.047 -0.133 -0.388 -0.807 -0.647 -0.034 -0.033 -0.626 -0.687 -0.274 TO 160 -0.264 -0.097 -0.102 -0.425 -0.031 -0.615 -0.328 -0.110 -0.071 -0.054 -0.120 -0.116 -0.091 -0.749 -0.133 -0.457 -0.252 -0.139 -0.032 -0.194 -0.072 -0.615 -0.475 -0.166 -0.097 -0.780 -0.092 -0.194 -0.110 -0.034 -0.498 -0. 341 -0.112 -0.194 -0.125 -0.114 -0.133 -0.175 -0.182 -0.048 -0.060 -0.243 -1.174 -0.350 -1.669 -0.525 -0.026 -0.350 -0.270 NUMERICAL VALUES FOR TOLERANCE ZONES IN THIS AREA NOT DEFINED.152 -0.125 -0.820 -0.960 -0.987 -1.408 -0.070 -0.365 -0.075 -0.078 -0.325 -0.105 -0.534 -0.071 -0.127 -0.121 -0.172 -0.067 -0.907 -0.300 -0.595 -0.214 -0.108 -0.026 -0.276 -0.989 -1.097 -0..127 -1.077 -1.755 -0.575 -0.000 -1.464 -0.490 -0.534 -0.042 -0.305 -0.193 -0.136 -0.710 -0.400 -0.036 -1.705 -0.061 -0.879 -0.748 -0.079 -0.034 -0.730 -0.408 -0.511 -0.520 -0.459 -0.040 -0.051 -0.050 -0.453 -0.575 -0.026 -0.365 -0.284 -0.340 -0.205 -0.114 -0.383 -0.365 -0.365 -0.042 -0.068 -0.090 -0.144 -0.000 -1.889 -0.043 -0.458 -0.960 -0.152 -0.364 -0.520 -0.139 -0.503 -0.081 -0.604 -0.723 -0.109 -0.710 -0.712 -0.036 -0.025 -1.197 -1.110 -0.130 -1.303 -0.660 -0.018 -1.253 -0.470 -0.026 -0.040 -0.301 -0.790 -0.249 -0.112 -0.650 -0.201 -0.065 -0.075 -0.060 -0.163 -0.072 -0.790 -0.051 -0.077 -0.035 -0.269 -0.654 -0.174 -0.075 -0.380 -0.277 -0.047 -0.569 -0.153 -0.250 -1.425 -0.790 -0.705 -0.198 -0.073 -0.236 -0.490 -0.755 -0.089 -1.155 -0.425 -0.132 -0.120 -0.806 -0.682 -0.352 -0.241 -0.214 -0.191 -0.172 -0.055 -0.390 -0.838 -0.340 -0.394 -0.199 -0.042 -0.480 -0. Z10 .053 -0.130 -0.310 -0.000 -1.248 -0.254 -0.710 -0.760 -0.214 -0.742 -0.223 -0.000 -0. Z5) (ANSI B4.630 -0.427 -0.157 -0.035 -0.047 -0.650 -0.207 -0.094 -0.673 -0. -0.392 -0.690 -0.647 -0.300 -0.870 -0.254 -0.443 -0.325 -0.176 -0.140 -1.374 -0.312 -0.419 -0.540 -0.397 -0.461 -0.514 -0.096 -0.920 -1.731 -0.416 -0..380 -0.373 -0.560 -0.359 -0.157 -0.250 -1.084 -0.229 -0.312 -0.136 -0.398 -0.318 -0.170 -1.799 -0.558 -0.483 -0.185 -0.580 -0.511 -0.101 -0.000 -1.640 -0.766 -0.575 -0.640 -0.107 -0.573 -0.093 -0.477 -0.292 -0.993 -1.064 -0.050 -0.040 -1..106 -0.514 -0.040 -0.500 -0.819 -0.032 -0.085 -0.813 -0.856 -0.046 -0.290 -0.623 -0.254 -0.INTERNAL DIMENSIONS (HOLES) (Y10 . Y5.168 -0.900 -1.520 -0.520 -0.040 -0.294 -0.809 -0.363 -0.100 -1.224 -0.625 -0.439 -0.103 -0.540 -0.059 -0.210 -0.571 -0.297 -0.820 -1.088 -0.280 -0.415 -0.540 -0.300 -0.017 -1.100 -1.088 -0.783 -0.465 -0.039 -0.655 -0.285 -0.780 -0.220 -0.032 -0.258 -0.063 -0.840 -0.310 -0.450 -0.060 -0.069 -0.159 -0.144 -0.540 -0.580 -0.035 -0.726 -0.080 -0.499 -0.210 -0.258 -0.294 -0.920 -0.050 -0.100 -0.730 -0.909 -0.075 -1.063 -0.440 -0.400 -0.478 -0.450 -0.069 -0.120 -1.108 -0.250 -1.398 -0.596 -0.100 -1.913 -0.565 -0.036 -0.592 -0.264 -0.180 -0.893 -0.105 -0.822 -0.218 -0.268 -0.084 -0.174 -0..268 -0.073 -0.000 -1.979 -1.592 -0.251 -0.333 -0.813 -0.643 -0.993 -1.503 -0.2) mm SIZE OVER Y10 Y9 Y8 Y7 Y6 Y5 0 Z10 Z9 Z8 Z7 Z6 Z5 -0.103 -0.123 -0.358 -0.247 -0.634 -0.088 -0.131 -0.918 -0.058 -0.115 -0.057 -0.520 -0.130 -0.347 -0.977 -1.515 -0.071 -0.325 -0.027 -0.960 -0.121 -0.920 -1.635 -0.112 -0.690 -0.354 -0.161 -0.575 -0.030 -0.000 -1.308 -0.127 -0.920 -0.425 -0.147 -0.405 -0.460 -0.087 -1.065 -0.089 -0.218 -0.936 -0.709 -0.020 .057 TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO 18 18 24 24 30 30 40 40 50 50 65 65 80 80 100 100 120 120 140 140 160 160 180 180 200 200 225 225 250 250 280 280 315 315 355 355 400 400 450 450 500 -0.719 -0.066 -0.246 -0.026 -0.097 -0.218 -0.585 -0.088 -0.470 -0.415 -0.237 -1.500 -0.082 -0.380 -0.470 -0.031 -0.701 -0.060 -0.255 -1.119 -0.190 -0.549 -0.212 -0.947 -0.730 -0.110 -0.174 -0.860 -0.566 -0.156 -0.900 -0.083 -0.063 -0.603 -0.310 -0.204 -0.631 -0.650 -0.055 TO 3 OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO 3 6 6 10 10 14 OVER 14 -0.520 -0.094 -0.236 -0.140 -0.166 -0.733 -0.245 -0.610 -0.256 -0.147 -0.094 -0.820 -0.666 -0.264 -0.377 -0.340 -0.330 -0.334 -0.053 -0.791 -0.093 -1.293 -0.405 -0.133 -0.072 -0.230 -1.528 -0.580 -0.187 -0.542 -0.250 -0.167 -0.138 -0.358 -0.229 -0.172 -0.039 -0.227 -1.151 -0.433 -0.073 -0.440 -0.497 -0.428 -0.871 -0.143 -0.172 -0.050 -0.136 -0.169 -0.403 -0.640 -0.635 -0.661 -0.086 -0.TABLE 6-17 TOLERANCE ZONES .781 -0.320 -0.465 -0.114 -0.790 -1.845 -0.026 -0.612 -0.920 -1.465 -0.043 -0.087 -0.065 -0.163 -0.085 -0.076 -0.825 -0.415 -0.144 -0.365 -0.345 -0.128 -0.897 -0.641 -0.703 -0.454 -0.770 -0.101 -0.214 -0.484 -0.210 -0.140 -1.209 -0.940 -0.989 -1.445 -0.589 -0.549 -0.094 -0.332 -0.925 -0.710 -0.409 -0.900 -1.273 -0.465 -0.258 -0. 260 -0.240 -0.300 -0.490 -0.560 -0.050 -1.310 -0.480 -1.270 -0.180 -0.280 -0.110 -0.290 -0.260 -0.244 -0.150 -0.600 -1.260 -0.600 -0.410 -0.820 -0.650 -1.740 a9 -0.410 -0.300 -0.030 -0.290 -0.925 -0.750 -1.420 -0.580 -0.740 a11 -0.510 -0.290 -0.150 -0.010 -0.060 -0.470 -0.467 -0.590 -0.480 -0.640 -0.750 -1.500 -0.525 -0.300 -0.200 -1.630 -0.330 -0.690 -0.290 -0.497 -0.920 -0.352 -0.760 -0.280 -1.150 -0.140 -0.170 -0.186 -0..100 -0.080 -0.800 -0.600 -0.290 -0.370 -0.520 -0.980 -0.760 -0.340 -0.410 -0.274 -0.150 -0.720 -0.340 -1.060 -0.580 -0.520 -0.460 -0.290 -0.200 -0.180 -0.840 -2.242 -0.800 -0.340 -0.440 -0.240 -1.760 -0.570 -0.420 -1.960 -0.050 -1.188 -0.410 -0.370 -0.710 -0.240 -0.270 -0.680 -1.620 -0.180 -0.560 -0.270 -0.430 -1.460 -0.380 -0.560 -1.940 -0.260 -0.820 -1.090 -1.360 -0.212 -0.240 -0.750 -0.940 -0.860 -0.250 -0.200 -0.490 -0.140 -0.260 -0.333 -0.180 -0.350 -1.140 -0.740 a10 -0.420 -0..310 -0.805 -0.330 -0.280 -0.680 -0.320 -0.140 -0.660 -0.180 -0.160 -0.120 -0.840 -1.580 -1.140 -0.340 -0.240 -0.160 -0.318 -0.540 -0.150 -0.840 -1.270 -0.670 -0.605 -0.600 -2.900 -1.414 -0.360 -0.150 -0.050 -2.580 -0.260 -0.510 -0.660 -0.310 -0.380 TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER -1.520 -0.660 -0.680 -0.580 -0.840 -0.300 -0.430 -0.140 -0.480 -1.165 -0.880 -0.920 -1.300 -0.307 -0.140 -0.360 -0.660 -1.280 -1.480 -0.380 b12 -0.280 -0.490 -1.410 -0.410 -0.360 -0.920 -1.610 -0.740 a13 -0.580 -1.935 -0.470 -2.710 -1.470 -0.930 -0.760 -1.410 -1.460 -0.480 -1.560 -0.380 -0.170 -0.290 -0.300 -0.320 -0.310 -1.270 -0.600 -1.280 -0.190 -0.520 -1.260 -0.930 -0.140 -0.090 -0.760 -0.570 -0.500 -1.300 -0.340 -0.915 OVER TO 450 500 -1.650 -2.320 -0.200 -0.790 -0.420 -0.190 -0.2) mm SIZE OVER 0 TO 3 OVER 3 TO 6 OVER 6 TO 10 OVER 10 TO 14 OVER 14 TO 18 OVER 18 TO 24 OVER 24 TO 30 OVER 30 TO 40 OVER 40 TO 50 OVER 50 TO 65 OVER 65 TO 80 OVER 80 TO 100 OVER 100 TO 120 OVER 120 TO 140 OVER 140 TO 160 OVER 160 TO 180 OVER 180 TO 200 OVER 200 a14 -0.540 -1.320 -0.340 -0.490 -0.316 -0.680 -0.TABLE 6-18 TOLERANCE ZONES .200 -0.820 -1.430 -0.160 -0.350 -1.890 -0.384 -0.160 -0.520 -0.160 -0.380 -0.720 -0.680 -0.740 -0.050 -1.150 -0.730 -0.327 -0.500 -0.560 -0.170 -0.240 -0.670 -0.050 -1.280 -0.005 -0.680 -0.740 b14 -0.150 -0.730 -1.280 -0.360 -0.290 -0.390 -1.920 -0.140 -0.240 -1.770 -1.600 -1.150 -0.370 -0.820 -1.680 -1.250 -0..460 -0.430 -0.200 -2.540 -1.200 -0.380 -0.340 -0.320 -0.760 -0.050 -1.455 -0.460 -0.150 -0.300 -0.240 -0.920 -1.150 -0.570 -0.440 -0.110 -0.540 -0.270 -0.130 -1.150 -0.420 -0.840 -0.540 -1.710 -0.310 -0.270 -0.660 -1.410 -0.780 -0.232 -0.300 -0.160 -0.920 -1.530 -0.620 -0.260 -1.440 -0.340 -0.280 -0.310 -0.340 -1.400 -0.500 -1. b9) (ANSI B4.270 -0.000 -0.300 -0.840 -1.470 -0.640 -0.520 -0.510 -0.280 -0.190 -0.384 -0.660 -1.140 -0.820 -1.855 -0.995 .820 -0.220 -0.260 -1.050 -1.420 -1.700 -0.380 b10 -0.140 -0.900 -1.320 -0.352 -0.270 -0.560 -0..540 -0.290 -0.650 -1.210 -0.434 -0.390 -0.340 -0.280 -0.550 -0.380 -0.970 -0.310 -0.180 -0.800 -0.450 -0.310 -0.520 -1.565 -0.710 -0.535 -0.220 -0.264 -0.200 -1.300 -0.350 -1.520 -0.495 -0.660 -0.160 -0.420 -0.300 -0.180 -1.370 -1.950 -0.170 -0.280 -0.EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS (SHAFTS) (a14 .220 -0.470 -0.220 -0.150 -0.770 -0.220 -1.760 225 225 250 250 280 280 315 315 355 355 400 400 TO 450 -3.280 -0.630 -0.270 -0.270 -0.600 -0.320 -0.310 -0.655 -2.380 -0.370 -0.740 -0.360 -0.660 -0.310 -0.410 -0. a9.150 -0.140 -0.500 -1.810 -0.190 -0.200 -1.200 -2.760 -0.208 -0.220 -0.600 -0.150 -0.150 -0.170 -0.290 -0.680 -2.630 -0.390 -0.380 b13 -0.320 -0.150 -0.650 -2.780 -0.500 -1.420 -0.140 -0.830 -0.360 -0.580 -0.212 -0.380 -0.310 -0.310 -1.580 -1.840 -0.160 -0.840 -1.820 -0.360 -1.380 b9 -0.860 -1.190 -0.345 -0.000 -0.280 -0.820 -1.280 -0.340 -0.680 -0.290 -0.160 -1.330 -0.680 -0.910 -0.100 -0.490 -0.290 -0.650 -0.480 -0.220 -0.170 -0.580 -0.200 -0.420 -0.740 a12 -0.290 -0.460 -0.440 -1.090 -0.382 -0.560 -0.570 -0.310 -0.390 -0.920 -1.920 -2.660 -0.480 -0.338 -0.710 -0.215 -0.280 -0.310 -0.340 -0.340 -1.550 -0.370 -0.460 -0.520 -0.310 -0.280 -0.220 -1.290 -0.460 -0.530 -0.570 -0.380 -1.240 -0.170 -0.040 -0.510 -0.050 -1.470 -0.530 -0.400 -0.080 -0.260 -0.630 -0.295 -0.680 -1.730 -1.310 -0.290 -0.090 -0.193 -0.050 -2.150 -0.350 -2.620 -1.830 -0.240 -0.300 -0.940 -0.570 -1.380 -0.845 -0.350 -2.360 -0.860 -0.580 -0.820 -0.460 -1.130 -1.350 -1.920 -1.200 -1.333 -0.820 -0.270 -0.260 -0.160 -0.220 -0.200 -0.200 -1.193 -0.160 -0.500 -0.180 -0.800 -0.270 -0.420 -0.200 -0.810 -0.372 -0.170 -0.390 -0.150 -0.280 -0.540 -0.360 -0.190 -0.460 -1.910 -0.380 b11 -0.950 -0.380 -0.340 -1.160 -0.650 -3.490 -0.244 -0.420 -0.160 -0. b14 .330 -0.240 -1.650 -2.430 -0.300 -0.500 -0.570 -0.350 -0.775 -0.890 -0.350 -1.480 -0. 210 -0.445 -0.190 -0.060 -0.080 -0.820 -0.570 -0.040 -0.170 -0.395 -0.299 -0.480 -0.312 -0.120 -0.300 -0.102 -0.545 -0.440 -0.120 -0.360 -0.550 -0.280 -0.065 -0.170 -0.780 -0.440 -0.190 -0.230 -0.208 -0.360 -0.720 -0.065 -0.095 -0.350 -0.146 -0.460 -0.050 -0.143 -0.120 -0.065 -0.293 -0.170 -0.2) mm SIZE OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO c13 c12 c11 c10 c9 c8 d12 d11 d10 d9 d8 d7 3 3 6 6 10 10 14 14 18 18 24 24 30 30 40 40 50 50 65 65 80 80 100 100 120 120 140 140 160 -0.170 -0.360 -0.190 -0.245 -0.200 -0.110 -0.100 -0.280 -0.330 -0.300 -0.180 -0.510 -0.275 -0.105 -0.130 -0.093 -0.381 -0.110 -0.305 -0.170 -0.065 -0.042 -0.180 -0.138 -0.050 -0.230 -0.385 -0.480 -0.086 -0.186 -0.030 -0.216 -0.065 -0.050 -0.332 -0.355 -0.460 -0.200 -0.260 -0.210 -0.098 -0.440 -0.050 -0.120 -0.411 -0.110 -0.210 -0.170 -0.065 -0.280 -0.350 -0.271 -0.385 -0.980 -0.020 -0.100 -0.340 -0.030 -0.020 -0.149 -0.260 -0.330 -0.230 -0.275 -0.260 -0.070 -0.145 -0.020 -0.119 -0.280 -0.065 -0.095 -0.100 -0.285 -0.065 -0.730 -0.180 -0.050 -0.150 -0.510 -0.720 -0.110 -0.145 -0.230 -0.537 -0.093 -0.340 -0.355 -0.155 -0.360 -0.280 -0.190 -0.630 -0.590 -0.080 -0.240 -0.267 -0.270 -0.080 -0.020 -0.480 -0.250 -0.440 -1.065 -0.130 -0.360 -0.400 -0.130 -0.208 -0.635 -0.040 -0.600 -0.300 -0.320 -0.170 -0.210 -0.530 -0.165 -0.330 -1.210 -0.140 -0.120 -0.395 -0.470 -0.120 -0.110 -0.068 -0.242 -0.130 -0.080 -0.055 -0.595 -0.120 -0.970 -0.620 -0.117 -0.240 -0.214 -0.710 -0.440 -0.080 -0.630 -0.390 -0.450 -0.118 -0.105 -0.145 -0.400 -1.293 0 .250 -0.060 -0.240 -0.700 -0.100 -0.230 -0.395 -0.162 -0.060 -0.145 -0.300 -1.224 -0.140 -0.070 -0.095 -0.194 -0.192 -0.170 -0.860 -0.060 -0.430 -0.200 -0.740 -0.190 -0.185 -0.174 -0.150 -0.440 -1.480 -1.110 -0.095 -0.545 -0.545 -0.230 -0. d7) (ANSI B4.170 -0.095 -0.210 -0.230 -0.150 -0.330 -0.850 -0.480 -0.230 -0.145 -0.760 -0.048 -0.330 -0.365 -0.440 -0.520 -0.149 -0.510 -0.170 -0.020 -0.080 -0.065 -0.138 -0.310 -0.210 -0.224 -0.380 -0.080 -0.195 -0.257 -0.355 -0.240 -0.095 -0.242 -0.210 -0.630 -0.170 -0.120 -0.242 -0.395 -0.365 -0.293 -0.200 -0.271 -0.110 -0.200 -0.230 -0.260 -0.216 -0.280 -0.180 -0.050 -0.159 -0.320 -0.400 -0.110 -0.130 -0.450 -0.480 -0.305 -0.070 -0.260 -0.180 -0.300 -0.480 -0.610 -0.120 -0.145 -0.710 -0.100 -0.140 -0.120 -0.185 160 180 180 200 200 225 225 250 250 280 280 315 315 355 355 400 400 450 450 500 -0.520 -0.170 -0.150 -0.230 -0.230 -0.080 -0.460 -0.065 -0.120 -0.120 -0.182 -0.145 -0.130 -0.080 -0.110 -0.190 -0.120 -0.205 -0.076 -0.050 -0.240 -0.100 -0.400 -0.460 -0.245 -0.180 -0.240 -0.489 -0.830 -0.320 -0.045 -0.375 -0.170 -0.040 -0.208 -0.570 -0.030 -0.122 -0.120 -0.370 -0.510 -0.242 -0.190 -0.170 -0.230 -0.230 -0.630 -0.030 -0.120 -0.165 -0.170 -0.440 -0.000 -0.145 -0.263 -0.080 -0.840 -0.210 -0.400 -0.299 -0.070 -0.190 -0.142 -0.285 -0.116 -0.062 -0.327 -0.110 -0.240 -0.720 -0.210 -0.220 -0.150 -0.140 -0.088 -0.170 -0.040 -0.245 -0.120 -0.117 -0.140 -0.077 -0.190 -0.360 -1.060 -0.145 -0.275 -0.840 -0.267 -0.030 -0.050 -0.170 -0.240 -0.400 -0.610 -0.210 -0.210 -0.425 -0.205 -0.100 -0.630 -0.030 -0.174 -0.100 -0.077 -0.880 -0.210 -0.020 -0.260 -0.080 -0.170 -0.190 -0.070 -0..060 -0.078 -0.260 -0.460 -0.145 -0.110 -0.440 -0.234 -0.100 -0.290 -0.540 -0.327 -0.240 -0.170 -0.119 -0.080 -0.230 -0.120 -0.068 -0.170 -0.040 -0.050 -0.180 -0.130 -0.242 -0.275 -0.145 -0.120 -0.030 -0.185 -0.120 -0.650 -0.355 -0.074 -0.210 -0.190 -0.100 -0.320 -0.390 -0.290 -0.290 -0.194 -0.EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS (SHAFTS) (c13 .190 -0.710 -0.110 -0.440 -0.122 -0.086 -0.400 -0..310 -0.080 -0.530 -0.330 -0.780 -0.145 -0.190 -0.145 -0.230 -0.105 -0.162 -0. c8.480 -1.860 -0.540 -0.060 -0.TABLE 6-19 TOLERANCE ZONES .290 -0.095 -0.280 -1.170 -0.230 -0.085 -0.170 -0.174 -0.216 -0.230 -0.150 -0.080 -0.143 -0.196 -0.465 -0.098 -0.260 -0.145 -0.570 -0.145 -0.230 -0.145 -0.400 -0.370 -0.320 -0.300 -0..120 -0.210 -0.220 -0.110 -0.240 -0.100 -0.160 -0.170 -0.195 -0.300 -0.630 -0.450 -0.050 -0.169 -0.410 -0.145 -0.120 -0.577 -0.110 -0.070 -0.200 -0.267 -0.146 -0.040 -0.340 -0.142 -0.470 -0.080 -0.230 -0.140 -0.095 -0.330 -0.630 -0.400 -0.230 -0.600 -0.440 -0.210 -0.449 -0.930 -0.034 -0.080 -0.095 -0.070 -0.130 -0.330 -0.174 -0.080 -0.140 -0.050 -0.130 -0.207 -0.210 -0.330 -0.180 -0.080 -0.273 -0.300 -0.170 -0.230 -0..352 -0.100 -0.060 -0.400 -0.210 -0.095 -0.400 -0.100 -0.150 -0.095 -0.155 -0.207 -0.480 -0.050 -0.095 -0.098 -0.100 -0.690 -0.160 -0.960 -0.160 -0.360 -0.860 -0.330 -0.170 -0.260 -0.230 -0.305 -0.190 -0.145 -0.120 -0.285 -0.145 -0.080 -0.500 -0.200 -0.065 -0. d12 .220 -0.138 -0. TABLE 6-20 TOLERANCE ZONES - EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS (SHAFTS) (e11 ... e6, f10 ... f5) (ANSI B4.2) mm SIZE OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO 0 3 3 6 6 10 10 14 14 18 18 24 24 30 30 40 40 50 50 65 65 80 80 100 100 120 120 140 140 160 160 180 180 200 200 225 225 250 250 280 280 315 315 355 355 400 400 450 450 500 e11 e10 e9 e8 e7 e6 f10 f9 f8 f7 f6 f5 -0.014 -0.074 -0.020 -0.095 -0.025 -0.115 -0.032 -0.142 -0.032 -0.142 -0.040 -0.170 -0.040 -0.170 -0.050 -0.210 -0.050 -0.210 -0.060 -0.250 -0.060 -0.250 -0.072 -0.292 -0.072 -0.292 -0.085 -0.335 -0.085 -0.335 -0.085 -0.335 -0.100 -0.390 -0.100 -0.390 -0.100 -0.390 -0.110 -0.430 -0.110 -0.430 -0.125 -0.485 -0.125 -0.485 -0.135 -0.535 -0.135 -0.535 -0.014 -0.054 -0.020 -0.068 -0.025 -0.083 -0.032 -0.102 -0.032 -0.102 -0.040 -0.124 -0.040 -0.124 -0.050 -0.150 -0.050 -0.150 -0.060 -0.180 -0.060 -0.180 -0.072 -0.212 -0.072 -0.212 -0.085 -0.245 -0.085 -0.245 -0.085 -0.245 -0.100 -0.285 -0.100 -0.285 -0.100 -0.285 -0.110 -0.320 -0.110 -0.320 -0.125 -0.355 -0.125 -0.355 -0.135 -0.385 -0.135 -0.385 -0.014 -0.039 -0.020 -0.050 -0.025 -0.061 -0.032 -0.075 -0.032 -0.075 -0.040 -0.092 -0.040 -0.092 -0.050 -0.112 -0.050 -0.112 -0.060 -0.134 -0.060 -0.134 -0.072 -0.159 -0.072 -0.159 -0.085 -0.185 -0.085 -0.185 -0.085 -0.185 -0.100 -0.215 -0.100 -0.215 -0.100 -0.215 -0.110 -0.240 -0.110 -0.240 -0.125 -0.265 -0.125 -0.265 -0.135 -0.290 -0.135 -0.290 -0.014 -0.028 -0.020 -0.038 -0.025 -0.047 -0.032 -0.059 -0.032 -0.059 -0.040 -0.073 -0.040 -0.073 -0.050 -0.089 -0.050 -0.089 -0.060 -0.106 -0.060 -0.106 -0.072 -0.126 -0.072 -0.126 -0.085 -0.148 -0.085 -0.148 -0.085 -0.148 -0.100 -0.172 -0.100 -0.172 -0.100 -0.172 -0.110 -0.191 -0.110 -0.191 -0.125 -0.214 -0.125 -0.214 -0.135 -0.232 -0.135 -0.232 -0.014 -0.024 -0.020 -0.032 -0.025 -0.040 -0.032 -0.050 -0.032 -0.050 -0.040 -0.061 -0.040 -0.061 -0.050 -0.075 -0.050 -0.075 -0.060 -0.090 -0.060 -0.090 -0.072 -0.107 -0.072 -0.107 -0.085 -0.125 -0.085 -0.125 -0.085 -0.125 -0.100 -0.146 -0.100 -0.146 -0.100 -0.146 -0.110 -0.162 -0.110 -0.162 -0.125 -0.182 -0.125 -0.182 -0.135 -0.198 -0.135 -0.198 -0.014 -0.020 -0.020 -0.028 -0.025 -0.034 -0.032 -0.043 -0.032 -0.043 -0.040 -0.053 -0.040 -0.053 -0.050 -0.066 -0.050 -0.066 -0.060 -0.079 -0.060 -0.079 -0.072 -0.094 -0.072 -0.094 -0.085 -0.110 -0.085 -0.110 -0.085 -0.110 -0.100 -0.129 -0.100 -0.129 -0.100 -0.129 -0.110 -0.142 -0.110 -0.142 -0.125 -0.161 -0.125 -0.161 -0.135 -0.175 -0.135 -0.175 -0.006 -0.046 -0.010 -0.058 -0.013 -0.071 -0.016 -0.086 -0.016 -0.086 -0.020 -0.104 -0.020 -0.104 -0.025 -0.125 -0.025 -0.125 -0.030 -0.150 -0.030 -0.150 -0.036 -0.176 -0.036 -0.176 -0.043 -0.203 -0.043 -0.203 -0.043 -0.203 -0.050 -0.235 -0.050 -0.235 -0.050 -0.235 -0.056 -0.266 -0.056 -0.266 -0.062 -0.292 -0.062 -0.292 -0.068 -0.318 -0.068 -0.318 -0.006 -0.031 -0.010 -0.040 -0.013 -0.049 -0.016 -0.059 -0.016 -0.059 -0.020 -0.072 -0.020 -0.072 -0.025 -0.087 -0.025 -0.087 -0.030 -0.104 -0.030 -0.104 -0.036 -0.123 -0.036 -0.123 -0.043 -0.143 -0.043 -0.143 -0.043 -0.143 -0.050 -0.165 -0.050 -0.165 -0.050 -0.165 -0.056 -0.186 -0.056 -0.186 -0.062 -0.202 -0.062 -0.202 -0.068 -0.223 -0.068 -0.223 -0.006 -0.020 -0.010 -0.028 -0.013 -0.035 -0.016 -0.043 -0.016 -0.043 -0.020 -0.053 -0.020 -0.053 -0.025 -0.064 -0.025 -0.064 -0.030 -0.076 -0.030 -0.076 -0.036 -0.090 -0.036 -0.090 -0.043 -0.106 -0.043 -0.106 -0.043 -0.106 -0.050 -0.122 -0.050 -0.122 -0.050 -0.122 -0.056 -0.137 -0.056 -0.137 -0.062 -0.151 -0.062 -0.151 -0.068 -0.165 -0.068 -0.165 -0.006 -0.016 -0.010 -0.022 -0.013 -0.028 -0.016 -0.034 -0.016 -0.034 -0.020 -0.041 -0.020 -0.041 -0.025 -0.050 -0.025 -0.050 -0.030 -0.060 -0.030 -0.060 -0.036 -0.071 -0.036 -0.071 -0.043 -0.083 -0.043 -0.083 -0.043 -0.083 -0.050 -0.096 -0.050 -0.096 -0.050 -0.096 -0.056 -0.108 -0.056 -0.108 -0.062 -0.119 -0.062 -0.119 -0.068 -0.131 -0.068 -0.131 -0.006 -0.012 -0.010 -0.018 -0.013 -0.022 -0.016 -0.027 -0.016 -0.027 -0.020 -0.033 -0.020 -0.033 -0.025 -0.041 -0.025 -0.041 -0.030 -0.049 -0.030 -0.049 -0.036 -0.058 -0.036 -0.058 -0.043 -0.068 -0.043 -0.068 -0.043 -0.068 -0.050 -0.079 -0.050 -0.079 -0.050 -0.079 -0.056 -0.088 -0.056 -0.088 -0.062 -0.098 -0.062 -0.098 -0.068 -0.108 -0.068 -0.108 -0.006 -0.010 -0.010 -0.015 -0.013 -0.019 -0.016 -0.024 -0.016 -0.024 -0.020 -0.029 -0.020 -0.029 -0.025 -0.036 -0.025 -0.036 -0.030 -0.043 -0.030 -0.043 -0.036 -0.051 -0.036 -0.051 -0.043 -0.061 -0.043 -0.061 -0.043 -0.061 -0.050 -0.070 -0.050 -0.070 -0.050 -0.070 -0.056 -0.079 -0.056 -0.079 -0.062 -0.087 -0.062 -0.087 -0.068 -0.095 -0.068 -0.095 TABLE 6-21 TOLERANCE ZONES - EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS (SHAFTS) (g9 ... g4, j7 ... j5) (ANSI B4.2) mm SIZE OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO 0 3 3 6 6 10 10 14 14 18 18 24 24 30 30 40 40 50 50 65 65 80 80 100 100 120 120 140 140 160 160 180 180 200 200 225 225 250 250 280 280 315 315 355 355 400 400 450 450 500 g9 -0.002 -0.027 -0.004 -0.034 -0.005 -0.041 -0.006 -0.049 -0.006 -0.049 -0.007 -0.059 -0.007 -0.059 -0.009 -0.071 -0.009 -0.071 -0.010 -0.084 -0.010 -0.084 -0.012 -0.099 -0.012 -0.099 -0.014 -0.114 -0.014 -0.114 -0.014 -0.114 -0.015 -0.130 -0.015 -0.130 -0.015 -0.130 -0.017 -0.147 -0.017 -0.147 -0.018 -0.158 -0.018 -0.158 -0.020 -0.175 -0.020 -0.175 g8 -0.002 -0.016 -0.004 -0.022 -0.005 -0.027 -0.006 -0.033 -0.006 -0.033 -0.007 -0.040 -0.007 -0.040 -0.009 -0.048 -0.009 -0.048 -0.010 -0.056 -0.010 -0.056 -0.012 -0.066 -0.012 -0.066 -0.014 -0.077 -0.014 -0.077 -0.014 -0.077 -0.015 -0.087 -0.015 -0.087 -0.015 -0.087 -0.017 -0.098 -0.017 -0.098 -0.018 -0.107 -0.018 -0.107 -0.020 -0.117 -0.020 -0.117 g7 -0.002 -0.012 -0.004 -0.016 -0.005 -0.020 -0.006 -0.024 -0.006 -0.024 -0.007 -0.028 -0.007 -0.028 -0.009 -0.034 -0.009 -0.034 -0.010 -0.040 -0.010 -0.040 -0.012 -0.047 -0.012 -0.047 -0.014 -0.054 -0.014 -0.054 -0.014 -0.054 -0.015 -0.061 -0.015 -0.061 -0.015 -0.061 -0.017 -0.069 -0.017 -0.069 -0.018 -0.075 -0.018 -0.075 -0.020 -0.083 -0.020 -0.083 g6 -0.002 -0.008 -0.004 -0.012 -0.005 -0.014 -0.006 -0.017 -0.006 -0.017 -0.007 -0.020 -0.007 -0.020 -0.009 -0.025 -0.009 -0.025 -0.010 -0.029 -0.010 -0.029 -0.012 -0.034 -0.012 -0.034 -0.014 -0.039 -0.014 -0.039 -0.014 -0.039 -0.015 -0.044 -0.015 -0.044 -0.015 -0.044 -0.017 -0.049 -0.017 -0.049 -0.018 -0.054 -0.018 -0.054 -0.020 -0.060 -0.020 -0.060 g5 -0.002 -0.006 -0.004 -0.009 -0.005 -0.011 -0.006 -0.014 -0.006 -0.014 -0.007 -0.016 -0.007 -0.016 -0.009 -0.020 -0.009 -0.020 -0.010 -0.023 -0.010 -0.023 -0.012 -0.027 -0.012 -0.027 -0.014 -0.032 -0.014 -0.032 -0.014 -0.032 -0.015 -0.035 -0.015 -0.035 -0.015 -0.035 -0.017 -0.040 -0.017 -0.040 -0.018 -0.043 -0.018 -0.043 -0.020 -0.047 -0.020 -0.047 g4 -0.002 -0.005 -0.004 -0.008 -0.005 -0.009 -0.006 -0.011 -0.006 -0.011 -0.007 -0.013 -0.007 -0.013 -0.009 -0.016 -0.009 -0.016 -0.010 -0.018 -0.010 -0.018 -0.012 -0.022 -0.012 -0.022 -0.014 -0.026 -0.014 -0.026 -0.014 -0.026 -0.015 -0.029 -0.015 -0.029 -0.015 -0.029 -0.017 -0.033 -0.017 -0.033 -0.018 -0.036 -0.018 -0.036 -0.020 -0.040 -0.020 -0.040 j7 0.006 -0.004 0.008 -0.004 0.010 -0.005 0.012 -0.006 0.012 -0.006 0.013 -0.008 0.013 -0.008 0.015 -0.010 0.015 -0.010 0.018 -0.012 0.018 -0.012 0.020 -0.015 0.020 -0.015 0.022 -0.018 0.022 -0.018 0.022 -0.018 0.025 -0.021 0.025 -0.021 0.025 -0.021 0.026 -0.026 0.026 -0.026 0.029 -0.028 0.029 -0.028 0.031 -0.032 0.031 -0.032 j6 0.004 -0.002 0.006 -0.002 0.007 -0.002 0.008 -0.003 0.008 -0.003 0.009 -0.004 0.009 -0.004 0.011 -0.005 0.011 -0.005 0.012 -0.007 0.012 -0.007 0.013 -0.009 0.013 -0.009 0.014 -0.011 0.014 -0.011 0.014 -0.011 0.016 -0.013 0.016 -0.013 0.016 -0.013 0.016 -0.016 0.016 -0.016 0.018 -0.018 0.018 -0.018 0.020 -0.020 0.020 -0.020 j5 0.002 -0.002 0.003 -0.002 0.004 -0.002 0.005 -0.003 0.005 -0.003 0.005 -0.004 0.005 -0.004 0.006 -0.005 0.006 -0.005 0.006 -0.007 0.006 -0.007 0.006 -0.009 0.006 -0.009 0.007 -0.011 0.007 -0.011 0.007 -0.011 0.007 -0.013 0.007 -0.013 0.007 -0.013 0.007 -0.016 0.007 -0.016 0.007 -0.018 0.007 -0.018 0.007 -0.020 0.007 -0.020 TABLE 6-22 TOLERANCE ZONES - EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS (SHAFTS) (h16 ... h1) (ANSI B4.2) mm SIZE OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO 0 3 3 6 6 10 10 14 14 18 18 24 24 30 30 40 40 50 50 65 65 80 80 100 100 120 120 140 140 160 160 180 180 200 200 225 225 250 250 280 280 315 315 355 355 400 400 450 450 500 h16 h15 h14 h13 h12 h11 h10 h9 h8 h7 h6 h5 h4 h3 h2 h1 0.000 -0.600 0.000 -0.750 0.000 -0.900 0.000 -1.100 0.000 -1.100 0.000 -0.400 0.000 -0.480 0.000 -0.580 0.000 -0.700 0.000 -0.700 0.000 -0.250 0.000 -0.300 0.000 -0.360 0.000 -0.430 0.000 -0.430 0.000 -0.140 0.000 -0.180 0.000 -0.220 0.000 -0.270 0.000 -0.270 0.000 -0.100 0.000 -0.120 0.000 -0.150 0.000 -0.180 0.000 -0.180 0.000 -0.060 0.000 -0.075 0.000 -0.090 0.000 -0.110 0.000 -0.110 0.000 -0.040 0.000 -0.048 0.000 -0.058 0.000 -0.070 0.000 -0.070 0.000 -0.025 0.000 -0.030 0.000 -0.036 0.000 -0.043 0.000 -0.043 0.000 -0.014 0.000 -0.018 0.000 -0.022 0.000 -0.027 0.000 -0.027 0.000 -0.010 0.000 -0.012 0.000 -0.015 0.000 -0.018 0.000 -0.018 0.000 -0.006 0.000 -0.008 0.000 -0.009 0.000 -0.011 0.000 -0.011 0.000 -0.004 0.000 -0.005 0.000 -0.006 0.000 -0.008 0.000 -0.008 0.000 -0.003 0.000 -0.004 0.000 -0.004 0.000 -0.005 0.000 -0.005 0.000 -0.002 0.000 -0.003 0.000 -0.003 0.000 -0.003 0.000 -0.003 0.0000 -0.0012 0.0000 -0.0015 0.0000 -0.0015 0.0000 -0.0020 0.0000 -0.0020 0.0000 -0.0008 0.0000 -0.0010 0.0000 -0.0010 0.0000 -0.0012 0.0000 -0.0012 0.000 -1.300 0.000 -1.300 0.000 -1.600 0.000 -1.600 0.000 -1.900 0.000 -1.900 0.000 -2.200 0.000 -2.200 0.000 -2.500 0.000 -2.500 0.000 -2.500 0.000 -2.900 0.000 -2.900 0.000 -2.900 0.000 -3.200 0.000 -3.200 0.000 -3.600 0.000 -3.600 0.000 -4.000 0.000 -4.000 0.000 -0.840 0.000 -0.840 0.000 -1.000 0.000 -1.000 0.000 -1.200 0.000 -1.200 0.000 -1.400 0.000 -1.400 0.000 -1.600 0.000 -1.600 0.000 -1.600 0.000 -1.850 0.000 -1.850 0.000 -1.850 0.000 -2.100 0.000 -2.100 0.000 -2.300 0.000 -2.300 0.000 -2.500 0.000 -2.500 0.000 -0.520 0.000 -0.520 0.000 -0.620 0.000 -0.620 0.000 -0.740 0.000 -0.740 0.000 -0.870 0.000 -0.870 0.000 -1.000 0.000 -1.000 0.000 -1.000 0.000 -1.150 0.000 -1.150 0.000 -1.150 0.000 -1.300 0.000 -1.300 0.000 -1.400 0.000 -1.400 0.000 -1.550 0.000 -1.550 0.000 -0.330 0.000 -0.330 0.000 -0.390 0.000 -0.390 0.000 -0.460 0.000 -0.460 0.000 -0.540 0.000 -0.540 0.000 -0.630 0.000 -0.630 0.000 -0.630 0.000 -0.720 0.000 -0.720 0.000 -0.720 0.000 -0.810 0.000 -0.810 0.000 -0.890 0.000 -0.890 0.000 -0.970 0.000 -0.970 0.000 -0.210 0.000 -0.210 0.000 -0.250 0.000 -0.250 0.000 -0.300 0.000 -0.300 0.000 -0.350 0.000 -0.350 0.000 -0.400 0.000 -0.400 0.000 -0.400 0.000 -0.460 0.000 -0.460 0.000 -0.460 0.000 -0.520 0.000 -0.520 0.000 -0.570 0.000 -0.570 0.000 -0.630 0.000 -0.630 0.000 -0.130 0.000 -0.130 0.000 -0.160 0.000 -0.160 0.000 -0.190 0.000 -0.190 0.000 -0.220 0.000 -0.220 0.000 -0.250 0.000 -0.250 0.000 -0.250 0.000 -0.290 0.000 -0.290 0.000 -0.290 0.000 -0.320 0.000 -0.320 0.000 -0.360 0.000 -0.360 0.000 -0.400 0.000 -0.400 0.000 -0.084 0.000 -0.084 0.000 -0.100 0.000 -0.100 0.000 -0.120 0.000 -0.120 0.000 -0.140 0.000 -0.140 0.000 -0.160 0.000 -0.160 0.000 -0.160 0.000 -0.185 0.000 -0.185 0.000 -0.185 0.000 -0.210 0.000 -0.210 0.000 -0.230 0.000 -0.230 0.000 -0.250 0.000 -0.250 0.000 -0.052 0.000 -0.052 0.000 -0.062 0.000 -0.062 0.000 -0.074 0.000 -0.074 0.000 -0.087 0.000 -0.087 0.000 -0.100 0.000 -0.100 0.000 -0.100 0.000 -0.115 0.000 -0.115 0.000 -0.115 0.000 -0.130 0.000 -0.130 0.000 -0.140 0.000 -0.140 0.000 -0.155 0.000 -0.155 0.000 -0.033 0.000 -0.033 0.000 -0.039 0.000 -0.039 0.000 -0.046 0.000 -0.046 0.000 -0.054 0.000 -0.054 0.000 -0.063 0.000 -0.063 0.000 -0.063 0.000 -0.072 0.000 -0.072 0.000 -0.072 0.000 -0.081 0.000 -0.081 0.000 -0.089 0.000 -0.089 0.000 -0.097 0.000 -0.097 0.000 -0.021 0.000 -0.021 0.000 -0.025 0.000 -0.025 0.000 -0.030 0.000 -0.030 0.000 -0.035 0.000 -0.035 0.000 -0.040 0.000 -0.040 0.000 -0.040 0.000 -0.046 0.000 -0.046 0.000 -0.046 0.000 -0.052 0.000 -0.052 0.000 -0.057 0.000 -0.057 0.000 -0.063 0.000 -0.063 0.000 -0.013 0.000 -0.013 0.000 -0.016 0.000 -0.016 0.000 -0.019 0.000 -0.019 0.000 -0.022 0.000 -0.022 0.000 -0.025 0.000 -0.025 0.000 -0.025 0.000 -0.029 0.000 -0.029 0.000 -0.029 0.000 -0.032 0.000 -0.032 0.000 -0.036 0.000 -0.036 0.000 -0.040 0.000 -0.040 0.000 -0.009 0.000 -0.009 0.000 -0.011 0.000 -0.011 0.000 -0.013 0.000 -0.013 0.000 -0.015 0.000 -0.015 0.000 -0.018 0.000 -0.018 0.000 -0.018 0.000 -0.020 0.000 -0.020 0.000 -0.020 0.000 -0.023 0.000 -0.023 0.000 -0.025 0.000 -0.025 0.000 -0.027 0.000 -0.027 0.000 -0.006 0.000 -0.006 0.000 -0.007 0.000 -0.007 0.000 -0.008 0.000 -0.008 0.000 -0.010 0.000 -0.010 0.000 -0.012 0.000 -0.012 0.000 -0.012 0.000 -0.014 0.000 -0.014 0.000 -0.014 0.000 -0.016 0.000 -0.016 0.000 -0.018 0.000 -0.018 0.000 -0.020 0.000 -0.020 0.000 -0.004 0.000 -0.004 0.000 -0.004 0.000 -0.004 0.000 -0.005 0.000 -0.005 0.000 -0.006 0.000 -0.006 0.000 -0.008 0.000 -0.008 0.000 -0.008 0.000 -0.010 0.000 -0.010 0.000 -0.010 0.000 -0.012 0.000 -0.012 0.000 -0.013 0.000 -0.013 0.000 -0.015 0.000 -0.015 0.0000 -0.0025 0.0000 -0.0025 0.0000 -0.0025 0.0000 -0.0025 0.0000 -0.0030 0.0000 -0.0030 0.0000 -0.0040 0.0000 -0.0040 0.0000 -0.0050 0.0000 -0.0050 0.0000 -0.0050 0.0000 -0.0070 0.0000 -0.0070 0.0000 -0.0070 0.0000 -0.0080 0.0000 -0.0080 0.0000 -0.0090 0.0000 -0.0090 0.0000 -0.0100 0.0000 -0.0100 0.0000 -0.0015 0.0000 -0.0015 0.0000 -0.0015 0.0000 -0.0015 0.0000 -0.0020 0.0000 -0.0020 0.0000 -0.0025 0.0000 -0.0025 0.0000 -0.0035 0.0000 -0.0035 0.0000 -0.0035 0.0000 -0.0045 0.0000 -0.0045 0.0000 -0.0045 0.0000 -0.0060 0.0000 -0.0060 0.0000 -0.0070 0.0000 -0.0070 0.0000 -0.0080 0.0000 -0.0080 0650 0.00400 -0.260 0.00225 -0.00250 -0.260 0.250 0.0315 0.00300 -0.485 -0.0090 -0.00150 -0.0215 0.00125 -0.0100 0.TABLE 6-23 TOLERANCE ZONES .050 -0.0435 -0.055 -0.145 0.0050 0.0200 -0.0405 -0.435 0.0040 0.00125 0.200 -0.0310 0.00200 0.0020 0.0100 -0.00300 0.0050 0.150 0.0095 OVER 50 -0.00200 -0.00250 -0.650 -0.050 0.700 -0.0020 0.00150 0.00150 -0.00075 -0.070 -0.0030 0.080 -0.0105 0.500 -0.350 -0.095 -0.0180 OVER 315 -1.0315 0.360 -0.0035 0.0925 0.150 0.0230 -0.0080 0.0360 0.0230 -0.0925 0.435 0.215 0.00350 -0.145 -0.00075 0.0050 0.065 0.450 0.070 0.0600 0.0285 -0.250 0.0125 OVER 120 -1.0200 0.0145 TO 200 1.200 0.0055 -0.800 -0.925 0.0500 0.060 0.0260 -0.0420 -0.0025 -0.00040 0.080 0.030 -0.550 0.0215 -0.0405 -0.700 0.00500 0.0090 0.0030 0.650 0.0270 -0.0165 0.0175 0.00750 0.0070 0.420 0.105 0.420 0.0370 0.0180 TO 400 2.050 -0.0055 0.165 -0.160 -0.0095 TO 80 1.0650 -0.055 -0.600 -0.180 -0.0150 -0.250 0.00150 -0.0080 OVER 30 -0.0080 TO 50 0.200 -0.00300 0.00200 0.0435 0.0050 -0.0200 -0.0315 -0.0600 0.0045 -0.105 0.310 -0.00150 0.1150 0.1250 0.575 -0.00200 0.0500 -0.0135 -0.360 -0.0125 TO 180 1.0260 0.370 -0.315 -0.0195 0.0160 OVER 250 -1.00350 0.0125 -0.00060 -0.800 0.215 0.0090 0.00400 -0.0145 OVER 225 -1.0050 -0.250 0.0350 0.0230 0.160 -0.0090 0.165 -0.00450 0.0060 0.125 0.285 0.600 -1.315 0.0160 TO 315 1.650 0.1150 -0.260 0.600 0.00075 -0.0200 0.0260 0.700 -0.00175 -0.0025 -0.0420 0.0055 0.0445 -0.0025 0.0445 0.0030 -0.00250 0.090 -0.315 -0.0065 TO 24 0.650 -0.0200 0.075 0.315 0.00400 -0.775 0.0175 -0.0020 -0.350 -0.00100 -0.090 -0.360 0.00500 -0.0080 -0.00100 0.370 -0.0015 0.0145 OVER 200 -1.310 -0.0115 0.270 -0.0090 0.0800 0.165 0.0090 -0.650 0.0370 -0.435 -0.0350 -0.0360 -0.0260 0.0350 -0.00300 0.0040 -0.0270 -0.0080 -0.0500 -0.0260 -0.175 -0.095 0.0215 0.00200 -0.0100 0.0575 -0.150 0.065 -0.00125 0.0700 -0.405 0.445 -0.0135 -0.290 -0.2) mm SIZE OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO js16 0 3 3 6 6 10 10 14 14 18 js15 js14 js13 js12 js11 js10 js9 js8 js7 0.0165 -0.575 0.0775 -0.065 -0.00300 0.0175 -0.00100 0.445 0.00175 0.00500 -0.0260 0.285 -0.150 -0.125 0.310 0.0285 0.0215 -0.0485 -0.00060 0.200 -0.00060 -0.125 -0.230 0.0020 -0.00400 0.1250 -0.500 -0.0115 0.0375 -0.575 0.0310 -0.00225 0.00400 .00125 0.1050 -0.450 -0.0095 TO 65 0.080 -0.090 0.00400 0.145 0.0045 0.0500 -0.700 0.800 -0.0800 -0.650 -0.250 -0.00125 -0.0135 0.00225 -0.1050 0.00500 0.0375 0.00500 0.0065 -0.00650 0.0100 -0.00450 0.350 0.0125 0.0700 0.250 -0.0160 TO 280 1.315 0.230 -0.0.800 1.110 0.0290 0.405 -0.00100 0.1050 0.00075 -0.0600 -0.0315 -0.100 0.0200 -0.090 -0.0800 0.0070 -0.00400 -0.800 -1.800 0.0040 -0.00225 0.500 0.600 -0.0650 -0.00200 0.0270 0.0060 0.0105 0.0105 -0.0775 0.0100 -0.0360 0.0090 0.200 -0.00400 0.0110 -0.000 -1.270 0.175 -0.00200 0.125 -0.600 0.0040 -0.150 0.165 0.00200 0.0420 -0.000 1.0015 -0.0060 -0.00350 -0.0700 0.0025 0.230 0. 0.1250 -0.0150 0.300 0.00750 0.575 0.485 -0.0150 -0.0485 0.0075 -0.125 0.230 -0.125 0.500 0.00075 0.150 -0.095 -0.0040 0.0110 TO 120 1.0700 -0.090 0.240 -0.250 -0.00350 0.0110 OVER 80 -1.180 0.00400 0.195 -0.00500 0.260 -0.950 0.00200 -0.310 0.0055 -0.0030 0.00050 -0.0145 TO 225 1.230 -0.0195 0.0775 -0.00150 -0.0230 0.0315 0.0200 OVER 400 -2.700 0.250 0.0040 -0.200 -0.0125 TO 140 1.0800 -0.0100 -0.065 0.0800 0.0135 -0.00125 0.135 -0.260 -0.150 0.175 0.0075 0.00125 -0.00175 0.0230 -0.0405 0.0575 0.110 0.0065 0.200 0.0485 -0.0125 TO 160 1.0055 -0.450 -0.00300 -0.055 0.0230 0.00400 -0.00350 -0.575 -0.0100 0.360 0.00450 -0.0110 TO 100 1.375 0.370 0.0500 0.0020 -0.00075 0.0445 -0.080 0.230 0.0360 -0.00250 -0.125 0.0200 TO 500 NOTE: Some js deviations in the grades 7 to 11 have been rounded off to 1/2(IT .500 0.00250 0.315 0.00060 0.500 -0.0100 0.775 -0.0420 0.00150 0.0090 0.200 0.00650 -0.0115 -0.00050 -0.00250 0.00400 -0.0260 -0.0070 0.00350 0.0095 OVER 65 -0.315 0.0315 -0.375 -0.00500 -0.950 -0.00600 -0.0500 0.0240 0.550 -0.0405 0.125 -0.0290 -0.00125 -0.0700 -0.00650 -0.0125 0.405 -0.0075 0.0285 -0.0030 0.0110 -0.00175 0.260 -0.00350 -0.925 0.0360 0.800 -0.800 -0.0145 TO 250 1.0035 -0.700 -0.105 -0.050 -0.445 0.0310 0.0025 0.00225 0.0090 -0.0445 0.1050 -0.160 0.160 0.450 -0.0055 -0.00500 -0.0135 -0.230 -0.285 -0.00350 0.550 0. js1) (ANSI B4.00600 0.00350 -0.0230 0.0045 0.0575 -0.650 0.775 -0.0485 0.650 -0.0500 -0.055 0..00100 -0.110 -0.0090 -0.125 -0.800 -1.0070 js6 js5 js4 js3 js2 js1 0..0230 0.0925 0.145 -0.110 -0.0090 -0.420 -0.125 -0.075 -0.0080 0.200 0.00060 0.030 0.405 0.00400 0.00150 0.00125 0.0070 0.0180 OVER 355 -1.0165 0.350 0.230 0.575 -0.00075 -0.0230 -0.0055 0.435 -0.600 1.00050 0.0180 0.0125 0.450 -0.500 -0.0700 0.100 0.450 0.00100 -0.0110 OVER 100 -1.0575 -0.800 0.315 -0.00040 -0.0180 -0.00125 0.0145 OVER 180 -1.240 0.0045 -0.270 0.045 -0.0090 0.950 0.0065 OVER 24 -0.0315 0.0800 -0.00100 -0.0080 OVER 40 -0.600 -1.0925 -0.0435 0.0070 -0.0090 0.0030 -0.0180 TO 355 1.00075 0.00300 -0.600 1.00125 -0.0060 0.0020 0.285 0.0040 0.00250 0.0360 -0.0040 -0.060 -0.500 -0.0125 -0.00125 0.00125 -0.0135 -0.135 -0.260 -0.500 0.00100 -0.050 0.0125 0.0150 0.270 -0.800 -0.00050 0.180 -0.550 -0.200 0.000 1.0310 -0.360 0.0025 -0.0115 -0.0315 0.0035 0.0700 0.145 -0.135 0.180 -0.950 -0.00500 0.0060 -0.500 0.0070 -0.110 0.0285 0.045 0.1250 0.800 1.00250 0.0165 -0.200 0.00200 -0.0065 -0.0200 TO 450 2.0500 -0.180 0.00350 0.00100 0.195 0.925 -0.215 -0.1150 0.0315 -0.215 -0.0200 -0.0150 -0.0040 0.0075 -0.0090 -0.0105 -0.450 0.700 0.00750 -0.150 -0.315 -0.00075 -0.0135 0.00300 -0.00200 -0.090 0.125 0.0575 0.0125 -0.100 -0.0195 -0.315 -0.0270 0.445 -0.0700 -0.0045 -0.195 -0.00075 0.00125 -0.0160 OVER 280 -1.370 0.0200 0.150 -0.00400 0.0090 -0.0350 0.175 0.0065 TO 30 0.0230 -0.0030 -0.250 -0.0260 -0.0195 -0.180 0.0575 0.300 -0.250 -0.0035 -0.000 -1.0775 0.230 0.0925 -0.00175 -0.0125 -0.0125 OVER 140 -1.00225 -0.00125 0.0500 0.0135 -0.00750 -0.0125 0.485 0.00100 0.0060 -0.00075 0.00450 -0.0650 0.00400 -0.0240 -0.800 0.0040 0.0175 0.0075 0.420 -0.050 0.00060 -0.925 0.100 -0.925 -0.0600 -0.0370 0.925 -0.0370 -0.0075 0.230 -0.0315 -0.150 -0.0150 0.001) when IT values is odd.00250 -0.200 -0.195 0.00650 0.125 -0.0435 -0.0100 -0.0090 0.0125 -0.EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS (SHAFTS) (js16 .00600 -0.0055 0.00175 -0.145 0.0065 0.260 0.290 0.00500 -0.0060 0.1150 -0.00075 -0.0500 0.110 -0.0060 0.0050 -0.0125 OVER 160 -1.0030 -0.00200 -0.0100 0.00250 -0.450 0.0200 OVER 450 -2.775 0.0065 OVER 18 -0.135 0.0925 -0.485 0.0080 TO 40 0.800 0.700 -0.105 -0.360 -0.095 0.0070 -0.00600 0.0045 0.00125 -0. 023 0.033 0.036 0.003 0.000 0.115 0.006 0.008 0.021 0.013 0.016 0.110 0.063 0.000 0.115 0.025 0.000 0.025 0.034 0.008 0.013 0.030 0.006 0.001 0.005 0.002 0.005 0.009 0.008 0.021 0.012 0.004 0.000 0.043 0.025 0.022 0.001 0.003 0.130 0.001 0.001 0.023 0.016 0.012 0.089 0.057 0.087 0.019 0.021 0.025 0..009 0.004 0.000 0.013 0.040 0.015 0.000 0.000 0.020 0.014 0.057 0.017 0.016 m7 0.063 0. m9 .002 0.021 0.063 0.023 0.039 0.000 0.024 0.028 0.000 0.050 0.003 0.000 0.003 0.085 0. m4) (ANSI B4.018 0.025 0.009 0.043 0.120 0.037 0.045 0.007 0.033 0.002 0.001 0.043 0.004 0.015 0.003 0.043 0.005 0.009 0.002 0.020 0.015 0.040 0.003 0.054 0.038 0.023 0.008 0.017 0.089 0.100 0..061 0.039 0.007 0.067 0.012 0.008 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.132 0.025 0.023 0.025 0.033 0.003 0.150 0.023 0.035 0.052 0.040 0.006 0.004 0.062 0.017 0.013 0.020 0.063 0.056 0.005 0.009 0.004 0.041 0.020 0.023 .011 0.004 0.013 0.EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS (SHAFTS) (k9 .140 0.017 0.004 0.040 0.089 0.101 0.046 0.002 0.027 0.057 0.011 0.048 0.140 0.072 0.015 0.017 0.034 0.011 0.097 0.037 0.023 0.052 0.003 0.000 0.033 0.004 0.004 0.010 0.063 0.017 0.017 0.020 0.012 m6 0.052 0.023 0.000 0.021 0.027 0.027 0.001 0.015 0.061 0.046 0.006 0.027 0.002 0.027 m8 0.021 0.036 0.006 0.009 0.001 0.012 0.001 0.031 0.050 0.021 0.072 0.004 0.015 0.013 0.007 0.115 0.046 0.004 0.009 0.007 0.000 0.015 0.000 0.005 0.050 0.002 0.002 0.021 0.071 0.034 0.002 0.089 0.000 0.132 0.023 0.015 0.008 0.120 0.020 0.003 0.020 0.027 0.002 0.078 0.032 0.039 0.008 0.011 0.032 0.TABLE 6-24 TOLERANCE ZONES .003 0.005 0.004 0.000 0.009 0.009 0.033 0.013 0.024 0.017 0.015 0.002 0.028 0.081 0.005 0.089 0.015 0.034 0.000 0.015 0.036 0.018 0.046 0.001 0.039 0.002 0.000 0.018 0.038 0.004 0.002 0.178 0.007 0.087 0.013 0.041 0.029 0.100 0.009 0.043 0.005 0.028 0.043 0.000 0.043 0.019 0.060 0.015 0.021 0.025 0.017 0.050 0.055 0.025 k8 0.001 0.027 0.002 0.021 0.008 0.015 0.009 0.021 0.063 0.004 0.002 0.071 0.033 0.004 0.017 0.008 0.006 0.100 0.017 0.043 0.013 0.003 m9 0.021 0.017 0.007 0.004 0.110 0.072 0.029 0.003 0.004 0.002 0.032 0.016 0.001 0.002 0.008 0.003 0.115 0.011 0.001 0.018 0.007 0.000 0.009 0.046 0.078 0.020 0.042 0.010 k6 0.018 0.000 0.078 0.028 0.046 0.010 0.022 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.023 0.020 0.015 0.023 0.015 0.115 0.004 0.014 0.015 0.015 0.018 0.021 0.000 0.011 0.017 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.009 0.017 0.019 0.060 0.010 0.005 0.062 0.115 0.161 0.003 0.022 0.161 0.013 0.015 0.155 0.097 0.050 0.048 0.017 0.004 0.023 0.004 0.000 0.007 0.013 0.020 0.020 0.015 0.150 0.021 0.052 0.020 0.045 0.027 0.000 0.023 0.015 0.100 0.020 0.004 0.013 0.009 0.002 0.048 0.016 0.000 0.063 0.072 0.000 0.022 0.002 0.000 0.004 0.081 0.000 0.008 0.004 0.034 0.013 0.011 0.009 0.041 0.003 0.027 0.030 0.028 0.017 0.018 0.003 0.005 0.004 0.086 0.067 0.012 0.021 0.101 0.015 0..017 0.004 0.000 0.005 0.021 0.031 0.009 0.036 0.002 0.004 0.002 0.008 0.035 0.085 0.072 0.003 0.032 0.043 0.000 0.013 0.015 0.2) mm SIZE OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO 0 3 3 6 6 10 10 14 14 18 18 24 24 30 30 40 40 50 50 65 65 80 80 100 100 120 120 140 140 160 160 180 180 200 200 225 225 250 250 280 280 315 315 355 355 400 400 450 450 500 k9 0.024 0.000 0.006 0.000 0.031 0.000 0.018 0.050 0.007 0.050 0.086 0.003 0.004 0.011 0.011 0.074 0.006 m4 0.033 0.056 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.011 0.015 0.007 0.048 0.017 0.000 0.063 0.023 0.010 0.068 0.078 0.024 0.004 0.033 0.002 0.002 0.015 0.030 0.068 0.011 0.178 0.037 0.000 0.130 0.024 0.003 0.013 0.006 0.055 0.132 0.001 0.015 0.040 0.000 0.003 0.014 k7 0.001 0.055 0.011 0.015 0. k4.000 0.057 0.017 0.008 0.011 0.002 0.003 0.029 0.008 0.000 0.074 0.100 0.000 0.029 0.006 k5 0.020 0.004 0.021 0.046 0.000 0.020 0.000 0.020 0.007 0.011 0.041 0.002 0.002 0.017 0.012 0.019 0.036 0.000 0.021 0.009 0.015 0.009 0.000 0.001 0.018 0.028 0.013 0.004 0.018 0.021 0.013 0.000 0.000 0.015 0.002 0.078 0..004 0.027 0.008 m5 0.006 0.023 0.004 0.000 0.004 k4 0.155 0.054 0.004 0.001 0.008 0.021 0.007 0.004 0. 034 0.106 0.031 0.165 0.027 0.034 0.086 0.202 0.050 0.004 0.040 n8 0.062 0.056 0.057 0.056 0.062 0.034 0.031 0.072 0.037 0.062 0.012 0.091 0.077 0.037 0.050 0.106 0.037 0.037 0.017 0.077 0.031 0.012 0.037 0.079 0.016 0.067 0.026 0.060 0.017 0.033 0.037 0.050 0.021 0.010 0.004 0.056 0.039 0.103 0.042 0.045 0.026 0.062 0.103 0.026 0.015 0.008 0.056 0.177 0.110 0.023 0.072 0.016 0.027 0.031 0.050 0.077 0.015 0.020 0.056 0.004 0.040 0.042 0.032 0.088 0.131 0.020 0.068 p4 0.055 0.131 0.034 0.051 0.020 0..027 0.127 0.103 0.055 0.027 0.037 0.177 0.017 0.079 0.060 0.050 0.062 0.090 0.033 0.047 0.061 0.043 0.031 0.023 0.043 0.038 0.032 0.037 0.022 0.067 0.096 0.056 0.017 0.108 0.127 0.023 0.062 0.040 0.034 0.067 0.006 0.020 0.065 0.033 0.055 0.028 0.043 0.058 0.010 0.068 p5 0.022 0.056 0.064 0.017 0.060 0.006 0.033 0.015 0.018 0.079 0.056 0.052 0.122 0.027 0.020 0.051 0.043 0.015 0.045 0.165 0.050 0.038 0.050 0.031 0.031 0.077 0.037 0.006 0.022 0.012 0.067 0.015 0.079 0. p9 .017 0.037 0.115 0.045 0.096 0.090 0.012 0.016 0.051 0.040 n7 0.151 0.018 0.012 0.058 0.050 0.061 0.074 0.037 0.077 0.052 0.008 0.043 0.012 0.068 0.070 0.023 0.022 0.023 0.007 0.040 0.060 0.052 0.039 0.015 0.006 0.165 0.026 0.012 0.031 0.056 0.023 0.008 0.030 0.010 0.027 0.068 0.018 0.195 0.015 0.012 0.027 0.037 0.106 0.045 0.028 0.018 0.090 0.164 0.010 0.165 0.043 0.103 0.018 0.068 .035 0.027 0.024 0.014 0.108 0.031 0.029 0.004 0.087 0.012 0.043 0.038 0.040 p9 0.086 0.137 0.022 0.020 0.070 0.055 0.034 0.062 0.073 0.032 0.070 0.061 0.026 0.068 p8 0.037 0.062 0.080 0.020 0.143 0.010 0.043 0.026 0.012 0.017 0.079 0.012 0.057 0.059 0.010 0.143 0.023 0.012 0.020 0.050 0.018 0.024 0.186 0.037 0.143 0.061 0.062 0.033 0.012 0.031 0.026 0.068 0.122 0.008 0.056 0.036 0.015 0.TABLE 6-25 TOLERANCE ZONES .056 0.068 0.013 0.043 0.067 0.186 0.137 0.015 0.043 0.032 0.006 0.016 0.026 0.060 0.050 0.015 0.062 0.074 0.015 0.015 0.045 0.095 0.095 0.029 0.020 0.050 0.034 0.043 0.068 0.020 0.027 0.202 0.027 0.022 0.072 0.020 0.037 0.027 0.009 0.028 0.048 0.094 0.032 0.050 0.032 0.068 0.223 0.066 0.012 0.040 n4 0.020 0.062 0.008 0.115 0.037 0.195 0.146 0.025 0.026 0.034 0.043 0.042 0.012 0.020 0.051 0.004 0.006 0.064 0.088 0.051 0.020 0.028 0.040 0.039 0.068 0.045 0.023 0.034 0.094 0.024 0.087 0.080 0.034 0.031 0.012 0.024 0.034 0.119 0..056 0.040 n6 0.103 0.017 0.023 0.026 0.050 0.018 0.088 0.018 0.146 0.027 0.017 0.015 0.080 0.055 0.079 0.051 0.031 0.015 0.008 0.028 0.080 0.079 0.039 0.026 0..094 0.051 0.223 0.031 0.043 0.059 0.037 0.083 0..050 0.026 0.027 0.022 0.062 0.122 0.027 0.020 0.030 0.019 0.036 0.096 0.022 0.EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS (SHAFTS) (n9 .055 0.052 0.106 0.055 0.027 0.036 0.091 0.022 0.119 0.043 0.017 0.050 0.068 0.037 0.052 0.067 0.037 0.045 0.110 0.031 0.050 0.151 0.050 0.068 0.045 0.062 0.017 0.031 0.010 0.047 0.018 0.127 0.017 0.039 0.023 0.029 0.068 p6 0.062 0.004 0.048 0.066 0.072 0.040 0.023 0.027 0.017 0.040 0.026 0.045 0.088 0.030 0.021 0.034 0.028 0.067 0.050 0.018 0.031 0.027 0.023 0.050 0.037 0.078 0.055 0.073 0.037 0.040 0.165 0.031 0.037 0.032 0.050 0.022 0.045 0.065 0.021 0.019 0.040 0.062 0.061 0.033 0.017 0.037 0.043 0.031 0.018 0.045 0.055 0.008 0.018 0.012 0. p4) (ANSI B4.031 0.043 0.108 0.024 0.043 0.031 0.098 0.050 0. n4.126 0.040 n5 0.012 0.024 0.037 0.046 0.026 0.164 0.032 0.033 0.028 0.068 p7 0.042 0.2) mm SIZE OVER 0 TO 3 OVER 3 TO 6 OVER 6 TO 10 OVER 10 TO 14 OVER 14 TO 18 OVER 18 TO 24 OVER 24 TO 30 OVER 30 TO 40 OVER 40 TO 50 OVER 50 TO 65 OVER 65 TO 80 OVER 80 TO 100 OVER 100 TO 120 OVER 120 TO 140 OVER 140 TO 160 OVER 160 TO 180 OVER 180 TO 200 OVER 200 TO 225 OVER 225 TO 250 OVER 250 TO 280 OVER 280 TO 315 OVER 315 TO 355 OVER 355 TO 400 OVER 400 TO 450 OVER 450 TO 500 n9 0.026 0.014 0.039 0.146 0.066 0.064 0.094 0.033 0.023 0.056 0.020 0.030 0.037 0.022 0.010 0.083 0.043 0.037 0.043 0.018 0.043 0.108 0.062 0.032 0.032 0.032 0.020 0.039 0.124 0.022 0.027 0.088 0.124 0.051 0.012 0.137 0.015 0.083 0.106 0.015 0.015 0.032 0.137 0.098 0.017 0.023 0.023 0.078 0.032 0.126 0.066 0.031 0.037 0.050 0.045 0.056 0.035 0.036 0.088 0.015 0.012 0.028 0.023 0.042 0. 126 0.133 0.195 0.092 0.054 0.063 0.054 0.050 0.106 0.130 0.126 0.059 0.348 0.179 0.068 0.101 0.087 0.043 0.059 0.132 s9 0.066 0.190 0.130 0.041 0.072 0.208 0.108 0.046 0.034 0.155 0.092 0.096 0.108 0.071 0.098 0.158 0.122 0.068 0.064 0.113 0.023 0.056 0.068 0.034 0.2) mm SIZE OVER 0 TO 3 OVER 3 TO 6 OVER 6 TO 10 OVER 10 TO 14 OVER 14 TO 18 OVER 18 TO 24 OVER 24 TO 30 OVER 30 TO 40 OVER 40 TO 50 OVER 50 TO 65 OVER 65 TO 80 OVER 80 TO 100 OVER 100 TO 120 OVER 120 TO 140 OVER 140 TO 160 OVER 160 TO 180 OVER 180 TO 200 OVER 200 TO 225 OVER 225 TO 250 OVER 250 TO 280 OVER 280 TO 315 OVER 315 TO 355 OVER 355 TO 400 OVER 400 TO 450 OVER 450 TO 500 r9 0.037 0.232 0.088 0.105 0.281 0.050 0.049 0.118 0.041 0.037 0.176 0.292 0.232 0.153 0.072 0.170 0.160 0..199 0.131 0.265 0.066 0.287 0.049 0.066 0.028 0.081 0.540 0.086 0.055 0.158 0.031 0.051 0.028 0.028 0.043 0.224 0.208 0.082 0.237 0.080 0.039 0.049 0.053 0.208 0.115 0.166 0.166 0.150 0.035 0.054 0.041 0.056 0.019 0.159 0.034 0.084 0.254 0.034 0.035 0.080 0.010 0.104 0.019 0.073 0.023 0.034 0.019 0.055 0.023 0.060 0.244 0.039 0.132 r8 0.023 0.014 0.190 0.279 0.108 0.190 0.163 0.084 0.079 0.084 0.035 0.034 0.094 0.023 0.045 0.044 0.233 0.050 0.229 0.034 0.149 0.023 0.110 0.023 0.028 0.019 0.014 0.063 0.100 0.034 0.203 0.028 0.086 0.079 0.023 0.051 0.108 0.093 0.029 0.140 0.142 0.110 0.053 0.122 0.114 0.114 0.193 0.108 0.252 s6 0.041 0.247 0.019 0.051 0.076 0.023 0.151 0.195 0.015 0.025 0.016 0.126 0.TABLE 6-26 TOLERANCE ZONES .048 0.105 0.023 0.039 0.130 0.140 0.028 0.170 0.108 0.041 0.023 0.091 0.049 0.108 0.126 0.117 0.089 0.019 0.094 0.050 0.150 0.034 0.019 0.036 0.077 0.028 0.098 0.125 0.212 0.033 0.252 0.087 0.024 0.114 0.132 r5 0.092 0.015 0.089 0.065 0.158 0.071 0.158 0.051 0.190 0.071 0.114 0.059 0.094 0.017 0.098 0.053 0.080 0.108 0.097 0.092 0.194 0.019 0.084 0.189 0.232 0.023 0.130 0.034 0.034 0.065 0.158 0.028 0.071 0.094 0.014 0.100 0.059 0.132 r4 0.068 0.084 0.132 0.083 0.171 0.140 0.055 0..028 0. s9 .019 0.130 0.215 0.117 0.041 0.043 0.063 0.126 0.108 0.080 0.019 0.028 0.041 0.027 0.033 0.028 0.126 0.112 0.329 0.035 0.133 0.051 0.020 0.092 0.028 0.071 0.208 0.197 0.315 0.043 0.024 0.077 0.034 0.031 0.248 0.122 0.122 0.038 0.079 0.043 0.027 0.123 0.031 0.014 0.080 0.165 0..349 0.043 0.136 0.126 0.226 0.EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS (SHAFTS) (r9 .141 0.010 0.048 0.190 0.239 0.034 0.028 0.080 0.150 0.245 0.043 0.094 0.015 0.077 0.034 0.170 0.043 0.126 0.132 0.080 0.028 0.200 0.065 0.098 0.043 0.068 0.028 0.086 0.100 0.252 s5 0.105 0.152 0.170 0.126 0.210 0.028 0.044 0.023 0.096 0.192 0. r4.014 0.117 0.090 0.130 0.128 0.279 0.144 0.043 0.140 0.190 0.028 0.540 0.045 0.126 0.028 0.051 0.063 0.226 0.015 0.208 0.050 0.034 0.071 0.100 0.222 0.080 0.079 0.407 0.146 0.272 0.259 0.028 0.126 0.099 0.087 0.078 0.054 0.050 0.105 0.146 0.019 0.067 0.108 0.033 0.121 0.127 0.165 0.252 s7 0.170 0.028 0.081 0.028 0.108 0.103 0.053 0.140 0.069 0.043 0.065 0.043 0.061 0.159 0.041 0.202 0.035 0.041 0.330 0.010 0.010 0.034 0.061 0.295 0.080 0.082 0.071 0.028 0.168 0.170 0.208 0.028 0.056 0.010 0.059 0.043 0.098 0.023 0.053 0.232 0.054 0.018 0.063 0.114 0.071 0.066 0.035 0.120 0.089 0.053 0.041 0.148 0.028 0.015 0.019 0.079 0.114 0.061 0.202 0.255 0.190 0.093 0.140 0.024 0.041 0.100 0.130 0.108 0.073 0.032 0.035 0.158 0.387 0.077 0.138 0.035 0.104 0.089 0.105 0.168 0.019 0.028 0.152 0.059 0.252 s4 0.094 0.288 0.297 0.125 0.144 0.023 0.043 0.252 .043 0.041 0.023 0.041 0.059 0.054 0.158 0.223 0.073 0.181 0.139 0.068 0.186 0. s4) (ANSI B4.023 0.109 0.037 0.035 0.014 0.186 0.077 0.169 0.027 0.084 0.132 r7 0.041 0.071 0.114 0.154 0.171 0.108 0.079 0.035 0.108 0.020 0.068 0.174 0.140 0.010 0.068 0.065 0.046 0.075 0.098 0.034 0.023 0.068 0.114 0.061 0.043 0.063 0.251 0..252 s8 0.041 0.054 0.068 0.013 0.122 0.028 0.156 0.132 r6 0.094 0.043 0.130 0.062 0.045 0.051 0.232 0.045 0.092 0.035 0.077 0.172 0.015 0.023 0.272 0.098 0.023 0.208 0.133 0.100 0.208 0.073 0.083 0.094 0.059 0.192 0.020 0.023 0.300 0.036 0.065 0.133 0.100 0.059 0.014 0.175 0.059 0.059 0.232 0.077 0.035 0.106 0.028 0.228 0.028 0.043 0.122 0.163 0.035 0. 032 u7 0.102 0.190 0.033 0.110 0.178 0.530 0.208 0.218 0.210 0.048 0.225 0.281 0.218 0.091 0.106 0.144 0.575 0.028 0.294 0.272 0.091 0.166 0.054 0.350 0.022 u4 0.023 0.054 0.144 0.330 0.233 0.270 0.054 0.170 0.170 0.311 0.268 0.091 0.580 0.050 0.057 0.134 0.159 0.154 0.076 0.294 0.060 0.061 0.023 0.212 0.435 0.124 0.087 0.325 0.110 0.200 0.226 0.074 0.347 0.070 0.387 0.028 0.044 0.055 0.209 0.231 0.139 0.263 0.041 0.087 0.230 0.210 0.074 0.540 0.210 0.146 0.637 0.033 0.453 0.075 0.238 0.166 0.321 0.134 0.104 0.023 0.114 0.028 OVER 10 0.041 0.350 0.435 0.256 0.357 0.048 0.295 0.258 0.215 0.102 0.041 0.146 0.393 0.186 0.164 0.066 0.180 0.180 0.079 0.122 0.330 0.380 0.240 0.197 0.087 0.252 0.415 0.060 0.021 TO 3 0.140 0.490 0.061 0.115 0.390 0.075 0.360 .048 0.041 0.290 0.330 0.144 0.315 0.250 0.170 0.445 0.695 0.524 0.041 0.048 0.041 0..048 0.134 0.480 0.284 0.066 0.100 0.198 0.033 0.356 0.492 0.054 0.196 0.284 0.435 0.102 0.408 0.070 0.390 0.051 0.250 0.060 0.087 0.041 0.234 0.032 TO 10 0.190 0.383 0.282 0.315 0.330 0.145 0.272 0.070 0.540 0.048 0.350 0.587 0.102 0.186 0.095 0.166 0.222 0.180 0.304 0.265 0.060 0.159 0.218 0..427 0.101 0.330 0.292 0.351 0.033 0.218 0.382 0.196 0.240 0.304 0.134 0.122 0.170 0.033 0.162 0.331 0.370 0.485 0.076 0.240 0.530 0.240 0.218 0.062 0.284 0.490 0.540 NUMERICAL VALUES FOR TOLERANCE ZONES IN THIS AREA NOT DEFINED.031 0.236 0.460 0.064 0.054 0.360 0.278 0.194 0.144 0.081 0.060 0.351 0.294 0.540 0.308 0.319 0.373 0.104 0.294 0.367 0.043 u8 0.315 0.094 0.234 0.330 0.603 0.054 0.112 0.312 0.028 u6 0.134 0.268 0.270 0.041 0.268 0.178 0.423 0.095 0.064 0. 0.515 0.053 0.134 0.126 0.240 0.066 0.081 0.294 0.122 0.071 0.310 0.182 0.176 0.070 0.253 0.146 0.216 0.330 0.170 0.088 0.315 0.033 0.390 0.093 0.121 0.034 0.119 0.304 0.091 0.236 0.035 0.139 0.050 0.287 0.087 0.490 0.202 0.065 0.074 0.211 0.360 0.041 0.033 OVER 18 0.350 0.146 0.122 0.077 0.159 0.023 0.076 0.075 0.144 0.124 0.109 0.083 0.104 0.402 0.479 0.EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS (SHAFTS) (t9 .028 0.079 0.180 0.360 0.048 0.047 0.195 0.075 0.054 0.2) mm SIZE OVER 0 t9 t8 t7 t6 t5 t4 u9 0.190 0.144 0.161 0.408 0.360 0.041 0.268 0.062 0.033 OVER 14 0.218 0.087 0.313 0.190 0.104 0.093 0.037 0.330 0.236 0.373 0.126 0.066 0.166 0.018 0.147 0.104 0.553 0.148 0.299 0.028 0.140 0.390 0.106 0.117 0.041 0.050 0.070 0.366 0.250 0.158 0.567 0.188 0.210 0.028 0.268 0.122 0.048 0.196 0.645 0.435 0.457 0.122 0.240 0.350 0.236 0.104 0.124 0.124 0.357 0.390 0.075 0.146 0.196 0.041 0.033 0.293 0.018 0.396 0.116 0.180 0.210 0.027 TO 6 0.228 0.048 0.171 0.047 TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO OVER TO 24 24 30 30 40 40 50 50 65 65 80 80 100 100 120 120 140 140 160 160 180 180 200 200 225 225 250 250 280 280 315 315 355 355 400 400 450 450 500 0.070 0.490 0.023 OVER 6 0.258 0.166 0.284 0.149 0.134 0.166 0.102 0.122 0.170 0.048 0.190 0.185 0.033 0..258 0.400 0.195 0.284 0.294 0.286 0.038 TO 18 0.435 0.490 0.054 0.146 0.447 0. u9 .399 0.490 0.330 0.TABLE 6-27 TOLERANCE ZONES .210 0.102 0.222 0.298 0.268 0.093 0.360 0.121 0.209 0.235 0.033 0.146 0.315 0.018 0.070 0.075 0.510 0.540 0.256 0.069 0.028 0.166 0.158 0.132 0.067 0.018 0.196 0.023 0.059 0.258 0.054 0.236 0.180 0.258 0.348 0.268 0.236 0.471 0.196 0.174 0.434 0.044 0.540 0.033 0.146 0.390 0.242 0.099 0.091 0.043 0.370 0.091 0.041 0.024 u5 0.273 0.426 0.350 0.210 0.560 0.124 0.051 0.100 0.038 TO 14 0.190 0.338 0.315 0.124 0.132 0.431 0.041 0. u4) (ANSI B4.134 0. t4.105 0.246 0.133 0.179 0.152 0.350 0.086 0.087 0.060 0.241 0.048 0.180 0.018 0.066 0.018 OVER 3 0..041 0.085 0.210 0.284 0.113 0.048 0.258 0.096 0.060 0.517 0.060 0.435 0.066 0.191 0.073 0.085 0. 310 0.240 0.280 0.210 0.182 0.202 0.054 0.196 0.352 0.820 0.253 0.615 0.084 0.730 0.608 0.097 0.073 0.475 0.660 .615 0.385 0.595 0.119 0.895 0.917 0.172 0.292 0.530 0.475 0.266 0.252 0.033 0.070 0.210 0.360 0.259 0.242 0.028 OVER 6 0.130 0.322 0.110 0.297 0.595 0.385 0.034 0.370 0.431 0.595 0.028 0.228 0.348 0.820 0.070 0.622 0.740 0.056 0.193 0.475 0.847 0.058 0. x4) (ANSI B4.425 0.128 0.039 0.055 0.655 0.525 0.382 0.313 0.310 0.063 0.039 0.233 0.248 0.228 0.364 0.146 0.425 0.679 0.475 0.047 0.2) mm SIZE v9 v8 v7 v6 v5 v4 x9 x8 x7 x6 x5 x4 OVER 0 0.087 0.696 0.087 0.133 0.165 0.379 0.530 0.038 TO 10 0.590 0.284 0.020 OVER 3 0.102 0.356 0.820 0.061 0.277 0.047 0.178 0.104 0.700 0.228 0.168 0.425 0.767 0.054 0.252 0.053 0.045 0.475 0.670 0.068 0.647 0..054 0.148 0.068 0.252 0.328 0.425 0.226 0.056 0.047 0.350 0.284 0.680 0.660 0.288 0.425 0.030 0.310 0.273 0.102 0.248 0.028 0.280 0.023 TO 3 0.200 0.067 0.615 0.265 0.102 0.146 0.194 0.066 0.202 0.399 0.020 0.172 0.291 0.414 0.120 0.202 0.068 0.EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS (SHAFTS) (v9 .207 0.248 0.525 0.385 0.350 0.135 0.120 0.740 0.202 0.178 0.130 0.043 0.340 0.530 0.541 0.525 0.192 0.108 0.385 0.091 0.723 0.268 0.120 0.045 0.053 0.075 0.298 0.080 0.079 0.097 0.093 0.054 0.060 0.047 0.385 0.590 0.500 0.385 0.122 0.034 0.202 0.097 0.380 0.305 0.340 0.555 0.034 OVER 10 0.047 0.310 0.606 0.068 0.525 0.246 0.284 0.045 0.405 0.280 0.178 0.176 0.556 0.883 0.113 0.026 0.227 0.491 0.315 0.068 0.717 0.328 0.340 0.635 0.298 0.220 0.068 0.740 0.475 0.064 0. x9 .270 0.107 0.028 0.178 0.210 0.178 0.178 0.350 0.260 0.077 0.156 0.097 0.045 0.032 TO 6 0.076 0.527 0.058 0.310 0.425 0.168 0.146 0.340 0.506 0.107 0.081 0.220 0..097 0.040 0.820 0.047 0.141 0.102 0.280 0.401 0.248 0.146 0.340 0.146 0.385 0.264 0.161 0.454 0.310 0.252 0.150 0.354 0.106 0.054 0. 0.385 0.122 0.595 0.210 0.099 0.120 0.092 0.385 0.264 0.115 0.540 0.555 0.692 0.557 0.475 0.425 0.046 0.595 0.097 0.441 0..530 0.310 0.039 0.284 0.660 0.252 0.525 0.399 0.166 0.064 0.080 0.820 TO 24 OVER 24 TO 30 OVER 30 TO OVER 40 40 TO 50 OVER 50 TO 65 OVER TO 65 80 OVER 80 TO 100 OVER 100 TO 120 OVER TO 120 140 OVER 140 TO 160 OVER TO OVER 160 180 180 TO 200 OVER TO OVER TO OVER 200 225 225 250 250 TO 280 OVER 280 TO 315 OVER TO 315 355 OVER 355 TO OVER TO 400 400 450 OVER 450 TO 500 NUMERICAL VALUES FOR TOLERANCE ZONES IN THIS AREA NOT DEFINED.088 0.121 0.096 0.350 0.292 0.120 0.056 0.515 0.340 0.975 0.466 0.044 0.054 0.587 0.088 0.146 0.457 0.063 0.055 0.760 0.176 0.330 0.590 0.350 0.040 0.228 0.757 0.081 0.045 0.082 0.172 0.800 0.047 0.408 0.820 0.081 0.122 0.475 0.660 0.265 0.040 0.590 0.425 0. v4.385 0.116 0.837 0.034 0.310 0.660 0.122 0.068 0.152 0.210 0.228 0.626 0.080 0.220 0.136 0.028 0.335 0.194 0.040 0.020 0.060 0.080 0.497 0.039 0.343 0.139 0.548 0.181 0.055 0.049 0.350 0.660 0.410 0.143 0.507 0.590 0.740 0.020 0.034 0.564 0.051 0.045 0.660 0.660 0.304 0.385 0.685 0.039 0.040 0.815 0.280 0.159 0.356 0.687 0.072 0.595 0.532 0.050 0.660 0.142 0.068 0.284 0.202 0.055 0.310 0.122 0.225 0.590 0.310 0.214 0.678 0.232 0.425 0.024 0.605 0.040 0.080 0.067 0.064 0.457 0..425 0.412 0.188 0.324 0.577 0.385 0.437 0.028 0.210 0.477 0.860 0.020 0.500 0.TABLE 6-28 TOLERANCE ZONES .311 0.245 0.045 0.146 0.803 0.200 0.088 0.373 0.425 0.040 0.154 0.081 0.036 0.566 0.085 0.055 0.057 0.045 TO 14 OVER TO 14 18 OVER 18 0.187 0.280 0.530 0.040 0.475 0.228 0.159 0.660 0.039 0.075 0.050 0.660 0.422 0.750 0.320 0.396 0.439 0.146 0.284 0.471 0.146 0.081 0.369 0.530 0.660 0.122 0.310 0.102 0.097 0.475 0.048 0.172 0.310 0.780 0.081 0.248 0.425 0.302 0.475 0.740 0.064 0.106 0.020 0.493 0.498 0.350 0.120 0.034 0.511 0.146 0.448 0.525 0.034 0.425 0.105 0.475 0.064 0.445 0.080 0.132 0.172 0.740 0.055 0.749 0.122 0.064 0.097 0.386 0.339 0.146 0.064 0.083 0.330 0.232 0.102 0.146 0.619 0.548 0.248 0.080 0.417 0.455 0.213 0.658 0.465 0.172 0.252 0.840 0.120 0. 983 0.112 0.040 0.035 0.214 0.187 0.293 0.340 0.210 0.838 0.072 0.035 0.108 0.790 0.250 z4 0.180 0.842 0.580 0.112 0.470 0.673 0.280 0.040 0.819 0.766 0.075 0.063 0.101 0.109 0.042 0.415 0.661 0.454 0.340 0.2) mm SIZE OVER 0 TO 3 OVER 3 TO 6 OVER 6 TO 10 OVER 10 TO 14 OVER 14 TO 18 OVER 18 TO 24 OVER 24 TO 30 OVER 30 TO 40 OVER 40 TO 50 OVER 50 TO 65 OVER 65 TO 80 OVER 80 TO 100 OVER 100 TO 120 OVER 120 TO 140 OVER 140 TO 160 OVER 160 TO 180 OVER 180 TO 200 OVER 200 TO 225 OVER 225 TO 250 OVER 250 TO 280 OVER 280 TO 315 OVER 315 TO 355 OVER 355 TO 400 OVER 400 TO 450 OVER 456 TO 500 y9 y8 y7 y6 y5 y4 0.144 0.218 0.210 0.136 0.210 0.365 0.310 0.470 0.026 0.710 0.575 0.112 0.497 0.549 0.078 0.528 0.088 0.175 0.682 0.427 0.153 0.172 0.060 0.064 0.050 0.136 0.871 0.443 0.325 0.176 0.172 0..191 0.310 0.470 0.650 0.100 1.400 0.710 0.365 0.110 0.820 0.470 0.540 0.640 0.822 0.073 0.172 0.114 0.000 1.000 0.755 0.465 0.365 0.520 0.730 0.035 0.144 0.318 0.920 1.405 1.380 0.103 0.264 0.277 1.029 0.520 0.347 1.161 0.455 0.465 0.465 0.520 0.650 0.820 0.254 0.174 0.580 0.254 0.089 1.051 0.365 0.730 0.025 1.094 0.710 0.425 0.730 0.035 0.000 z9 0.061 0.140 0.076 0.710 0.480 0.755 0.269 0.465 0.218 0.026 0.249 0.047 0.063 0.790 0.097 0.345 0.575 0.174 0.042 0.073 0..363 0.114 0.270 1.957 0.580 0.073 0.790 1.806 0.000 0.048 0.534 0.490 0.877 0.120 1.144 0.088 0.125 0.433 0.640 0.273 0.050 0.136 0.989 0.325 0.055 0.415 0.250 z8 0.125 0.300 0.918 0.026 0.650 0.121 0.073 0.813 0.197 1.920 1.185 0.094 0.123 0.094 0.575 0.258 0.666 0.018 1.071 0.112 0.140 1.690 0.383 0.660 0.256 0.445 0.364 0.920 1.575 0.057 0.094 0.026 0.640 0.112 0.100 1.112 0.380 0.000 1.377 0.073 0.742 0.204 0.073 0.340 0.115 0.026 0.312 0.057 1.174 0.254 0.026 0.710 0.163 1.499 0.730 0.380 0.114 0.380 0.415 0.604 0.612 0.088 0.300 0.250 z7 0.229 0.144 0.483 0.477 0.172 0.515 0.603 0.136 0.174 0.300 0.060 0.390 0.017 0.157 0.397 0.093 0.214 0.084 0.301 0.144 0.549 0.121 0.290 1.172 0.130 0.900 1.190 0.063 0.566 0.258 0.730 0.596 0.075 0.000 NUMERICAL VALUES FOR TOLERANCE ZONES IN THIS AREA NOT DEFINED.032 0.214 0.143 0.392 0.133 0.040 1.EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS (SHAFTS) (y9 .425 0.470 0.520 0.710 0.250 .580 0.428 0.114 0.182 0.580 0.119 0.520 0.240 0.780 0.075 0.284 0.310 0.654 0.566 0.042 0.787 0.036 0.403 0.250 z6 0.415 0.039 0.174 0.268 0.310 0.702 0.081 0.127 0.218 0.820 1.050 0.365 0.152 0.094 0.094 0.255 1.065 0.268 0.289 0.220 0.465 0.236 0.096 0.730 0.465 0.136 0.425 0.060 0.313 1.762 0.632 0.042 0.114 0.060 0.193 0.520 0.258 0.352 0.248 0.332 0.920 1.820 0.000 0.320 0.345 0.925 0.592 0.114 0.035 0.940 0.065 0.042 0.440 0.595 0.046 0.439 0.726 0.128 0.000 1.820 0.100 1.036 1.565 0.960 0.250 z5 0..478 0.060 0.380 0.365 0.094 0.172 0.300 0.127 1.100 1.490 0.050 0..152 0.082 0.163 0.900 1.358 0.020 1.340 0.068 0.000 1.542 0.669 0.650 0.094 0.151 0.575 0.214 0.276 0.106 0.068 0.840 0.069 0.086 0.640 0.136 0.210 0.425 0.312 0.000 1.100 1.224 0.791 0.258 0.471 0.580 0.420 0.214 0.174 0.748 0.223 0.254 0.075 0.936 0.635 0.733 0.540 0.520 0.947 0.900 1.380 0.156 0.174 0.520 0.308 0.063 0.650 0.035 0.589 0.155 1.300 0. z9 .686 0.139 0.712 0.710 0.027 1.635 0.731 0.340 0.790 0.365 0.137 0. z4) (ANSI B4.088 0.405 0.254 0.079 0.470 0.575 0.520 0.516 0.520 0.856 0.310 0.030 0.075 0.505 0.340 0.640 0.088 0.050 0.870 0.040 0.TABLE 6-29 TOLERANCE ZONES .258 0.465 0.415 0.520 0. 0.540 0.920 1.075 0.246 0.063 0.300 0.051 0.144 0.900 1.640 0.063 0.920 1.405 0.119 0.088 0.214 0.398 0.415 0.075 0.790 0.140 1.084 0.920 0.050 0.077 0.621 0.088 0.585 0.484 0.790 0.534 0.100 1.820 1.000 0.198 0.078 0.520 0.647 0.087 0.909 0.202 0.097 1.043 0.000 1.254 0.380 0.310 0.258 0.425 0.096 0.053 0.341 0.147 0.650 0.174 0.900 1. y4.340 0.960 0.210 0.425 0.101 0.440 0.229 0.042 0.900 1.060 0.592 0.845 0.105 0.058 0.210 0.063 1. 4M. and gages held to ISO tolerances are available in many major industrial countries. An increasing number of drawings issued throughout the world specify the tolerances with the ISO symbols only.2 and B4. and needless to say. . 6-3 ILLUSTRATIONS OF DEFINITIONS INTRODUCTION The ISO System of Limits and Fits (referred to as the ISO system) is covered in national standards throughout the world. in April.2 JIS B0401 DIN 7160//61 NF E 02-100-122 BSI 4500 UNI 6388 AS 1654 HISTORY OF THE ISO SYSTEM The present ISO system is based on the ISA System of Limits and Fits published in ISA Bulletin 25 (1940). material stock. The ISO system for tolerances and gages is fully covered in ANSI B4. The same year the Secretariat of ISA Committee 3. The unification of the various national systems of limits and fits was one of the essential tasks discussed at the initial conference of the ISA in New York. 1926. was entrusted to the Germany Standardizing Association. It is recommended that a similar specification in USA standards be provided if the worldwide manufacture of products is a defined goal.FIG. and on comments included in the Draft Final Report of ISA Committee 3. as shown by the following list: Global USA Japan Germany France UK Italy Australia ISO 286 ANSI B4. Limits and Fits. December 1935. USAGE The ISO System of Limits and Fits is now in extensive use in Europe. Cutting tools. the system was all metric from the start. and lower case or small letters are used for external dimensions.BASES Temperature. clearance fit — the relationship between assembled parts when clearance occurs under all tolerance conditions interference fit — the relationship between assembled parts when interference occurs under all tolerance conditions transition — the relationship between assembled parts when either a clearance or interference fit can result depending on the tolerance conditions of the mating parts DESCRIPTION OF TOLERANCE DESIGNATION An “International Tolerance grade” establishes the magnitude of the tolerance zone or the amount of part size variation allowed for internal and external dimensions alike (see Fig. It is designated by the letter H in 40H7 tolerance — the difference between the maximum and minimum size limits on a part tolerance zone — a zone representing the tolerance and its position in relation to the basic size international tolerance grade (IT) — a group of tolerances which vary depending on the basic size.” etc.” Capital letters are used for internal dimensions.” which are consistent with International Tolerance grades identified by the prefix IT.” “IT11. It is designated by the number 7 in 40H7 (IT7). It is designated by the number 40 in 40H7. deviation — the algebraic difference between a size and the corresponding basic size upper deviation — the algebraical difference between the maximum limit of size and the corresponding basic size lower deviation — the algebraic difference between the minimum limit of size and the corresponding basic size fundamental deviation — the one of the two deviations closest to the basic size. Symbols By combining the IT grade number and the tolerance position letter. The standard reference temperature for industrial length measurement is 200C (680F). 6-3). A fundamental deviation establishes the position of the tolerance zone with respect to the basic size (see Fig. The basic size is the same for both members of a fit.. shaft basis — the system of fits where the maximum shaft size is basic. but which provide the same relative level of accuracy within a given grade. DEFINITIONS The most important terms relating to limits and fits are as shown in Fig. basic size — the size to which limits or deviations are assigned. The terms are defined below. Tolerances are expressed in “grade number. the tolerance symbol is established which identifies the actual maximum and minimum limits of the part. . A smaller grade number provides a smaller tolerance zone.e. “IT6. The toleranced sizes are thus defined by the basic size of the part followed by a symbol composed of a letter and a number. The fundamental deviation for a hole basis system is “H”. i. 6-3. 6-3). hole basis — the system of fits where the minimum hole size is basic. Fundamental deviations are expressed by “tolerance position letters. The fundamental deviation for a shaft basis system is “h”. HOLE-BASIS OR SHAFT-BASIS FITS The nominal H. collars. etc. shaft-basis fit tolerancing systems are both used. BILATERAL TOLERANCE SYSTEM The ISO system of limits and fits has a full range of bilateral (two-sided) tolerances designated js and JS. . in the case of driving shafts. includes two unilateral (one-sided) tolerancing methods that are in common use. The two symmetrical deviations are ± IT/2 (one half of the International Tolerances grade).A fit is indicated by the basic size common to both components. UNILATERAL TOLERANCE SYSTEM The ISO system of limits and fits. are shown in the following three examples. The ISO system has been in use in Germany for over 60 years. shaft basis). hole basis). bearings. Some methods of designating tolerances on drawings gages. Both types of fits might be used on the same design. The hole-basis system is used with stepped shaft designs.039/40. measuring tools. For example. a single shaft may have to accommodate a variety of accessories — such as couplings. (a) 40H8 (b) 40H8(40. etc. In designs where a uniform-diameter shaft is used it is advantageous to employ the shaftbasis system.000(40H8) NOTE: Values in parentheses indicate reference only.000) (c) 40. with all its possible combinations. couplings. and standards for selected fits have influenced the European market for metric standard material sizes. hole-basis fit and h. bearings. followed by a symbol corresponding to each component. collars. Standard gages for checking the hole-basis fits cost less than those required for checking shaft-basis fits. the internal part symbol preceding the external part symbol. Steel products toleranced to the shaft-basis system are supplied in a number of steel grades and finishes throughout Europe. the other on a nominal shaft (h.039/40. etc. depending on each specific application. One tolerancing practice is based on a nominal hole (H. S7. h6.2 specifies the ten hole and shaft basis fits as shown in Table 6-1 and as illustrated in Fig. s6. 6-5. 6-4. H7. U7 Shaft: h6. g6. K7. 6-4 PREFERRED HOLE BASIS FITS (ANSI B4. H9. f7.2) The ten hole-basis preferred fits use the following tolerances: Hole: Shaft: H7. G7. The shaft tolerances might also be reduced to fit the requirements of certain types of products. The new ANSI B32. . d9. P7. D9. of the above hole tolerances. or even two. The ten shaft-basis preferred fits use the following tolerances: Hole: C11.100 standard specifies the above four shaft tolerances. n6. H8. h7. F8.PREFERRED FITS ANSI B4. p6. H11 c11. h11 Note that many steel products shown in Chapter 10 are produced worldwide to the shaft tolerances shown above. k6. h9. Each of the ten hole basis fits corresponds to a shaft basis fit with equal clearances for the same nominal size. N7. FIG. u6 It might be desirable for a user to standardize on three. An illustration of the ten shaft fits is shown in Fig. 6-5 PREFERRED SHAFT BASIS FITS (ANSI B4.2) .FIG. 2) FIG. 6-7. Numerical values for IT grades from IT1 through IT18 for basic series up to 3150 mm are shown in Table 6-30. 6-6 can. Practical usage of the various IT tolerance grades is shown in Fig. FIG.2) NON-TOLERANCED DIMENSIONS The ISO system of limits and fits can be used on a great number of applications from the finest tolerances to the coarsest. produce the IT grades indicated. It is common practice in those countries that have used the ISO system to apply a somewhat related system to the non-toleranced dimensions on a drawing. 6-6 MACHINING PROCESSES (ANSI B4. The tolerances are increasing with the nominal size in the ISO system.PRACTICAL USE OF IT GRADES The machining process shown in Fig. It is now part of ISO 2768-1. under normal conditions. . The tolerances are dependent on the nominal sizes and are shown in the following table. 6-7 PRACTICAL USE OF INTERNATIONAL TOLERANCE GRADES (ANSI B4. 5 ±4 ±6 ±8 1. the deviations shall be indicated adjacent to the relevant nominal size(s).6 4.3 180 250 4.9 400 500 8 10 15 20 27 40 63 97 155 250 400 0.1 0.63 0.84 1. 2.6 7.2 6.1 3.35 0.1 3.2 5 8 12.5 7 10 14 20 29 46 72 115 185 290 0.9 4.7 1. Values for international tolerance grades IT01 and IT0 for basic sizes less than or equal to 500 mm are given in ISO 286-1.72 1.3 3.05 ± 0.3 ± 0.4 2.5 1600 2000 18 25 35 46 65 92 150 230 370 600 920 1.97 1. annex A.46 0.65 2.2 5.3 30 50 1.5 - m medium ± 0.5 NOTES: 1.48 0.58 0.5 1250 1600 15 21 29 39 55 78 125 195 310 500 780 1.5 ± 0.6 2.3 3.8 ± 1.5 2.52 0.15 0.1 ± 0.39 0.8 2.2 ± 0.4 2.5 4 6 9 15 22 36 58 90 0.3 2.2 8.5 ±1 ± 1.4 Tolerances micrometers millimeters 3 0.36 0.1 ± 0.4 0.89 1.18 0.5 28 21 33 2500 3150 26 36 50 68 96 135 210 330 540 860 1350 2.5 B00 1000 11 15 21 28 40 56 90 140 230 360 560 0.05 1.3 3. table 5.3 ± 0.2 ± 0.TABLE 6-30 INTERNATIONAL TOLERANCE GRADES FOR BASIS SIZES UP TO 3150 mm AND IT GRADES FROM IT1 THROUGH IT18 (ISO 286) Basic size mm International tolerance (IT) grades IT1 IT2 IT3 IT4 IT5 Up to Above and including - IT6 IT7 IT8 IT9 IT10 IT11 IT12 IT13 IT14 60 0.6 5.5 ± 0.55 2.2 ±2 c coarse ± 0.62 1 1.21 0.8 ± 1.5 16.54 0.25 2 3.8 12.46 0.25 IT15 IT16 IT17 IT18 0.5 4 6 10 15 22 35 54 87 140 220 0.3 5.5 2.7 1.2 2 3 4 6 10 14 25 40 3 6 1 1. For nominal sizes below 0.7 8.7 18 30 1.87 1.85 2.4 120 180 3.8 4.7 500 630 9 11 16 22 32 44 70 110 175 280 440 0.81 1.05 ± 0.4 7 11 630 800 10 13 18 25 36 50 80 125 200 320 500 0.8 1.1 5 7.LINEAR DIMENSIONS (ISO 2768-1) mm Tolerance class Permissible deviations for basic size range 0.5 14 6.3 2.75 2. 3.95 3.3 0.27 0.52 0.9 1.6 2.2 15 23 2000 2500 22 30 41 55 78 110 175 280 440 700 1100 1.2 ±2 ±3 ±4 v very coarse - ± 0.3 ± 0.6 80 120 2.63 1 1.22 0.8 4.2 1. International tolerance grades IT14 to IT18 (incl) shall not be used for basic sizes less than or equal to 1 mm.8 1.6 9 14 1000 1250 13 18 24 33 47 66 105 165 260 420 660 1.8 6 10 1 1.57 0.2 250 315 6 8 12 16 23 32 52 81 130 210 320 0.74 1.4 0.15 1.5 5.33 0.43 0.5 2.5 4 6 9 13 21 33 52 84 130 0.4 8.5 2. TABLE 6-31 GENERAL TOLERANCE .12 0.1 315 400 7 9 13 18 25 36 57 89 140 230 360 0.2 10 18 1. .3 9.25 0.5 3.14 0.1 1.2 1.5 4 5 8 12 18 30 48 75 0.75 1.4 7 11 17.1 3.9 3 4.5 ± 2.5 mm.5 over 3 over 6 over 30 over 120 over 400 over 1000 over 2000 up to 3 up to 6 up to 30 up to 120 up to 400 up to 1000 up to 2000 up to 4000 1 Designation Description f fine ± 0.5 2.75 2.9 1.6 1 1.6 13.3 0.2 3.5 19.5 4 6.7 6 9.9 50 80 2 3 5 8 13 19 30 46 74 120 190 0.15 ± 0.1 ± 0. Values for international tolerance grades IT1 to IT5 (incl) for basic sizes over 500 mm are included for experimental use.4 2.18 0.6 5.5 5 8 12 18 25 40 63 100 160 250 0.1 1.25 1.5 2.2 2 3 5 8 11 18 27 43 70 110 0.5 4 7 11 16 25 39 62 100 160 0.2 ± 0.6 10. TABLE 6-33 GENERAL TOLERANCE . Tolerances shown in Table 6-31 apply to the fine.RADII AND CHAMFERS (ISO 2768-1) mm Permissible deviations for basic size range Tolerance class Description 1 Designation f fine m medium c coarse 0. of the shorter side of the angle concerned Tolerance class Description Designation up to 10 over 10 up to 50 f fine m medium c v over 50 up to 120 over 120 up to 400 over 400 ± 1° ± 0°30' ± 0°20' ± 0 10' o ± 0°5' coarse ± 1°30' ± 1° ± 0°30' ± 0°15' ± 0°10' very coarse ± 3° ± 2° ±1° ± 0°30' ± 0°20' .5 ±1 ± 0. For nominal sizes below 0. medium. TABLE 6-32 GENERAL TOLERANCE . and very coarse series specified in ISO 2768-1. and coarse.ANGLES (ISO 2768-1) Permissible deviations for ranges of lengths.5 mm. Radii and chamfer tolerances are shown in Table 6-32 and angular tolerances are given in Table 6-33.4 ±1 ±2 v very coarse NOTE: 1.5 up to 3 over 3 up to 6 over 6 ± 0. the deviations shall be indicated adjacent to the relevant nominal size(s). in millimeters.TOLERANCES ON ANGLES The nominal size for an angle is the length (in mm) of the short leg.2 ± 0. Dimensional tolerancing -. deviations and fits ISO 286-2: 2010 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) -.Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance classes and limit deviations for holes and shafts ISO 1101:2004 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) -.System of dimensional tolerances and machining allowances ISO 8062-1:2007 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) -.Positional tolerancing ISO 5459: 2011 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) -.040.Part 1: Tolerances for linear and angular dimensions without individual tolerance indications ISO 2768-2:1989 General tolerances -. Standards on relevant terminology complete the collection. orientation.Geometrical tolerancing -.Part 1: Basis of tolerances.Part 3: General dimensional and geometrical tolerances and machining allowances for castings. ISBN 92-67-10293-1.ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes -.RELATED ISO STANDARDS 17.Dimensional and geometrical tolerances for moulded parts -.Geometrical tolerancing -. fits and surface properties This handbook contains a comprehensive collection of ISO standards for: general limits and fits.Part 2: Rules ISO 8062-3:2007 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) -. location and run-out ISO 1938-1: 2012 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) .ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes -.10 Limits and fits ISO 286-1: 2010 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) -.Tolerances of form.Part 1: Vocabulary ISO/PRF TS 8062-2 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) -.Limits. .Dimensional measuring equipment -. limits and fits for screw threads.Part 1: Linear sizes ISO 14405-2:2011 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) -.Dimensional and geometrical tolerances for moulded parts -. location and run-out ISO 1101 (Draft) Geometrical product specifications (GPS) -.Datums and datum systems ISO 8062:1994 Castings -.Part 1: Plain limit gauges of linear size ISO 2768-1:1989 General tolerances -.Tolerances of form.Part 2: Dimensions other than linear sizes ISO HANDBOOKS ISO Standards Handbook .General tolerances for welded constructions -. limits and fits nd for gears and involute splines.Part 2: Geometrical tolerances for features without individual tolerance indications ISO 5458:1998 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) -. Year of publication:1999 2 Edition.Dimensional tolerancing -. ISO 8062-3:2007/Cor 1:2009 ISO 13920:1996 Welding -.Geometrical tolerancing -. orientation. properties of surfaces.Dimensional and geometrical tolerances for moulded parts -. This book is also shown after Chapter 5.Geometrical tolerancing -.Dimensions for lengths and angles -.Shape and position ISO 14405-1:2010 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) -. It also defines the design characteristics and the metrological characteristics for these limit gages as well as the new or wear limits state Maximum Permissible Errors (MPEs) for these characteristics. By doing so. NOGO gages made to this standard are available for preferred sizes throughout Europe. It is recommended to specify preferred metric sizes and tolerance zones as shown in Chapter 6 in order to minimize the cost of tooling and gages. The ISO 1938-1 standard also describes the use of limit gages and it covers linear sizes up to 500 mm. This new standard is based on the old recommendation and was finalized in 2012 by TC 213/WG6 hosted by NIST. a matrix of standard plug and ring (snap) GO and NOGO gages may become off-the-shelf available inspection tooling similar to what we see in countries having used the ISO Limits and Fits for more than 70 years. This chapter specifies the most important metrological and design characteristics of plain limit gages of linear size and defines the different types of plain limit gages used to prove conformance with linear dimensional specification associated to linear size. measurement uncertainties and form controls.Chapter 7 The ISO System of Limits and Fits Inspection of Workpieces SUMMARY* This chapter specifies gages to ISO 1938 Part 1: Plain limit gages of linear size for use with the ISO System of Limits and Fits in ANSI B4. wear allowances. The new standard used to be the old Recommendation published in 1971.2. The standard specifies specific location and limits for the gagemakers tolerances. . and GO. 5 M24 M27 (3) M30 GO CAUTION STOP NOTES: 1.9 5/8-11 5/8-18 M20x1.5 M3 Fine mm Unified Inch Coarse Inch 2.5 19.5 #6-32 #6-40 4.9 7/16-14 M12x1.4 1-8 1-12 M27x2 28.5 3/8-16 3/8-24 7/16-20 Coarse R20’ Fine M3. The cost reduction becomes substantial when you figure thousands of dollars savings for each unique fastener size that can be eliminated from the product design. ANSI B1.Chapter 8 Screw Threads SUMMARY The change to the metric system in screw threads gives us a unique opportunity to rationalize the screw thread and fastener sizes.25 mm and the inch thread 5/16-18 has the thread pitch 1.25 9.5 #12-24 #12-28 6.3 1/4-20 1/4-28 M8x1 7.1 3/4-10 3/4-16 M22x1. the six first choice thread sizes shown in Table 8-1 are recommended to replace the 61 other thread sizes listed. The Metric Coarse Thread designation shown in this table is according to ISO.8 #4-40 #4-48 3.2 #5-40 #5-44 3. 2.13M shows the ISO preference rating. Less savings will be achieved if you select the twelve ISO (green) first choice sizes shown or the 14 ANSI (bold) first choice sizes. For example. TABLE 8-1 PREFERRED THREAD SIZES ISO 262 Metric (mm) Coarse (1) R5’ R10’ M2.6 1 1/8-7 1 1/8-12 M30x2 31.3 9/16-12 9/16-18 M16x1. the metric coarse thread M8 has the thread pitch 1.7 1/2-13 1/2-20 M14x1.8 #10-24 #10-32 5. . The metric coarse thread pitch is slightly smaller (finer) compared to the customary unified coarse thread pitch.9 5/16-18 5/16-24 M10x1. For example.51 #3-48 #3-56 2.5 22.5 (2) M4 M4.2 #8-32 #8-36 4.5 14. 3. Not recommended to be used in the USA.25 12. ANSI standards may specify the thread pitch for both coarse and fine thread pitches.5 (3) M5 M6 M8 M10 M12 M14 (2) M16 M18 (3) M20 M22 (3) 10. The first choice sizes are according to the R5’ series of preferred sizes shown in Table 4-1.8 1 1/4-7 1 1/4-12 M18x1.2 7/8-9 7/8-14 M24x2 25.41 mm.5 15. 5 mm coarse thread pitch. spare parts. The threaded fasteners details are defined in industry or national the standards.75 . The proper designation of metric bolts.Designates standard thread fit 6H/6g approximately equal to SAE class 2 fit. and nuts should include the following information: 1. and for many large companies the cost runs into several thousand dollars and more. General product description such as: bolts. The designations are as follows: ANSI: M10 X 1. A comprehensive description of the existing ISO fasteners will be given later in this chapter. nuts. 6H/6g M12 x 1. and a reference to the desired standards must be made when ordering fasteners outside of USA. French (F). which follows. rivets. Refer to Table 9-1 for the preferred fastener lengths.5 10 mm nominal diameter ISO metric screw thread with standard 1. 4. machine screws. The applicable national standard number is shown with references as to where to find specific information. The surface protection (if required) should be in accordance with company practice or other standards. M10 X 1. hex cap screws. and need not be specified when ordering fasteners to a specific standard.. 3. see Table 8-1 and Table 9-1 for fastener length.Designates close thread fit — 6H/4g6g approximately equal to SAE class 3 fit. Thread fit designation. INTRODUCTION The national standards1 for fasteners are shown in a World Metric Fastener Standards Index. please see p. inventory. slotted nuts. 8. and material if other than steel. 5. German (G). Each unique standard part creates additional cost in documentation. 12. 187 for details on strength properties. p. quality assurance. 1 For information about the term “standard” as used in this book. The length designation is shown in millimeters.75 . 6.25 10 mm nominal diameter ISO metric screw thread with standard 1. ANSI: M12 X 1. etc. For preferred metric thread sizes. ISO: M10 10 mm nominal diameter ISO metric screw thread with standard 1. 6H/4g6g The medium thread fit is customary in most countries. must be specified. handling. Refer to the world index for the fastener name in the required language. National standards reference.5 mm coarse thread pitch. The strength grade which applies to steel products only. and the comparison of standards on metric screw threads around the world can be found in Table 8-2. (Except for the length 250 mm where either 240 or 260 mm should be specified. 2. and no special call-out for thread length is required (Table 9-3).25 mm fine thread pitch. and Italian (I). 7. etc. tapping screws. The following index provides an illustration of each type of fastener with its name in English (E). The letter M is used for a product with ISO metric screw threads followed by the thread pitch.. 141 for thread fit details.) Rationalization on fewer standard parts released for production could save your company large sums of money.Chapter 9 Fasteners SUMMARY Rationalization — The change to the metric system opens up a tremendous opportunity for USA industry to rationalize on fewer metric fastener sizes used in new products. . See p. GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR FASTENERS HOW TO ORDER METRIC HARDWARE An Order Check List. screws. Refer to Chapter 8. The standard thread length conforms to ISO recommendations worldwide. purchasing. Apply the preferred metric sizes shown in Table 4-1 to the fastener length to the extent practical. 3 ISO 272. (E) HEX HEAD CAP SCREW FOR DETAILS SEE THREADED TO HEAD TABLE 9-31 (G) SECHSKANTSCHRAUBE NOTE: THE ISO DESIGNATES MIT GEWINDE BIS KOPF PRODUCTS THREADED TO (F) VIS A TETE HEXAGONALE FILETEE HEAD AS SCREWS JUSQU'A PROXIMITE DE LA TETE (I) VITE A TESTA ESAGONALE (E) HEX HEAD BOLT WITH LARGE FOR DETAILS SEE HEAD (HIGH STRENGTH STRUCTURAL) TABLE 9-33 (HEAVY SCREW) (G) SECHSKANTSCHRAUBE MIT GROSSER SCHLUSSELWEITE TABLE 9-35 (HEAVY BOLT) (F) VIS A TETE HEXAGONALE LARGE.5. 960 FRANCE NF E27-311 UK BS 3692 ITALY UNI 5737.0000 USA ANSI B18.1M JAPAN JIS B1186 GERMANY DIN 6914 FRANCE NF E27-711 UK BS 4395 ITALY UNI 5712 AUSTRAL AS 1252 NO.WORLD METRIC FASTENER STANDARDS INDEX STANDARD N0.3.3.3.1M JAPAN JIS B1180 GERMANY DIN 931. A COLERETTE TABLE 9-36 (I) VITE A TESTA (HEAVY STRUCTURAL BOLT) ESAGONALE LARGO (E) ROUND HEAD SQUARE NECK FOR DETAILS SEE BOLT (CARRIAGE BOLT) TABLE 9-39 (SHORT NECK) (G) FLACHRUNDSCHRAUBE MIT VIERKANTANSATZ TABLE 9-40 (LONG NECK) (F) VIS A TETE BOMBEE A COLLET CARRE TABLE 9-41 (LARGE HEAD) (I) VITE A TESTA TONDO LARGO CON QUARDRA SOTTOTESTA (E) ROUND HEAD COUNTERSUNK FOR DETAILS SEE SQUARE NECK BOLT (PLOW BOLT) TABLE 9-43 (G) SENKSCHRAUBE MIT VIERKANTANSATZ (F) VIS A TETE FRAISEE COLLET CARRE (I) VITE A TESTA SVASATA CON QUADRA SOTTOTESTA . 2 ISO 4017. 5740 1111 AUSTRAL AS (BOLTS) NO. 5738 AUSTRAL AS 1110 N0.1 JAPAN JIS B1179 GERMANY DIN 608 FRANCE NF E27-354 UK BS 4933 ITALY UNI 5735.2. 5732 AUSTRAL AS 1390 NO. 1 ISO 4014-4016 FIGURE NAME (E) HEX HEAD CAP SCREW USA ANSI B18.1M JAPAN JIS B1171 GERMANY DIN 603 FRANCE NF E27-350 UK BS 4933 ITALY UNI 5731. 6104 AUSTRAL AS REFERENCE FOR DETAILS SEE TABLE 9-31 (CAP SCREW) (G) SECHSKANTSCHRAUBE TABLE 9-32 (FORMED SCR) MIT SHAFT TABLE 9-34 (BOLT) (F) VIS A TETE NOTE: THE ISO HEXAGONALE DESIGNATES PRODUCTS (I) VITE A TESTA PARTIALLY THREADED ESAGONALE AS BOLTS.5.2. 4 ISO 8677 USA ANSI B18.2. 4018 USA ANSI B18. 5 ISO 5713 USA ANSI B18.1M JAPAN JIS GERMANY DIN 933. 961 FRANCE NF E27-310 4190 UK BS (BOLTS) ITALY UNI 5739.2. 9 11.44 14.32 38.8 63.5 M10 x 1.67 24.61 55 53.54 51.42 35 M90 x 6 90 89.1M) SAMPLE TABLE D Nominal DS Body Screw Dia and Thread Pitch Diameter Max Min S E Width Width Across Across Flats Corners Max Min Max K Min KW Wrenching Head Height Height Max Min Min M5 x 0. product grade A.1 43.17 4.5 M64 x 6 64 63.07 57.67 46 45 53.07 28. See general data on p.2 133 .4 0.2 0.15 3.9 60.6 22.24 8.97 25.9 75.67 36 35 41.88 12.71 26.6 0.78 11.5 5.4 121.38 75 72.76 7.71 26.TABLE 9-31 HEX CAP SCREWS (ANSI B18.26 105 101.1 59.4 0.82 10 9.8.55 11.73 24 23. Parts made to this standard are interchangeable with parts made to ISO 4014.72 126.8 0.6 46.05 4.7 51.67 27.8 1 1 1 1 1.2 96.9 (see Table 9-4). and 10.55 31.2 0.78 20.62 15.93 21 M56 x 5.13 130 125.06 71.73 20.2 M100 x 6 100 99.6 16.65 41.2.09 8.24 115.8 M42 x 4.92 13.71 36. 230 or referenced standard.82 8 7.48 17.74 54.85 2.32 9.8 109.5 0.4 0.8 0.3 105.73 15.68 28 M72 x 6 72 71.12 8.3 0.73 18.8 0.8 M24 x 3 24 23.3 0.11 143.3 0. M6 x 1 x 40. class 9.6 14.73 17.64 10 9.03 18.85 19.6 86.2 42.6 13.6 0.2 1.3.55 15.26 85 82.73 18 17.56 10.5 20 19.51 6.4 0.5 0.25 23.45 43.75 10.38 65 62.35 9.6 7 8.8 69 78.6 0.35 2.5 0.63 6.76 31.79 3.6 19.01 14.12 50.6 82.38 5.2 M 14 x 2 14 13.8.78 9.1 M36 x 4 36 35.2 0. 3.8 5 4.2 M 16 x 2 16 15.7 M10 x 1.6 63. NOTES: 1. zinc plated.6 0.7 33.57 39.5 0.24 5.2 1. 9. 4.4 0.48 17.26 115 111 132.1 87.26 39.5 0.26 95 91.51 60.78 13 12.5 150.13 145 140 167.58 48.8 0.49 27.32 16.73 21 20.4 M6 x 1 6 5.75 12 11.5 0.5 M80 x 6 80 79.64 32.67 30 29. Standard strength property classes are: 5.7 104.68 7 M20 x 2. Designation example: Hex cap screw.5 with 16 mm WAF will be supplied unless the ISO 15 mm WAF is specified.6 0.95 12.79 23.5 M30 x 3.2 33.03 7.6 0. 2.8 M8 x 1.8.15 93.5 16* 15.5 30 29.125 8 7.8 24.6 0.3 0.4 119.2 M48 x 5 48 47.4 *M10 x 1.16 34.77 M12 x 1.2 98.5 42 41. C DW Washer Washer Face Face Thickness Dia Max Min Min 0.38 21.2 1.78 6.65 3.5 56 55.5 15 14.43 159.1 3. F for first choice. please see p.962 x 103 = 962 The standard density for steel used in ISO and national standards outside Canada and the USA is 1 m3 steel.12. Italian. IPN. Square.427 x 10 = 0. The maximum error range is from 0.100 Preferred Metric Sizes for Flat. Burggrafenstrasse 6 D-1000 Berlin 30. or national standard tolerances selected from the ISO system of limits and fits. The tolerances in the tables are given in millimeters. Rectangular. France.2833 lb/in3. have produced steel material dimensioned to metric modules for a number of years. and Hexagonal Metric Products. Germany.Chapter 10 Steel Material Data1 SUMMARY Rationalization . The preference ratings . and Italy. such as Japan.1%.and Channel-Sections. and Dutch. wire.628 0. The standard density factor for steel in the USA is 0. The national standards2 for steel sizes reflect the available commercial sizes in the above countries. Some companies have shown remarkably good results when rationalizing. 470 of this chapter.243E + 01 = 0.are used in the referenced standards to promote usage of fewer sizes. which has a 7850 kg mass.628E + 00 = 0. References to the following proposed and approved standards. and Rectangular Tubular Metal Products Other Than Pipe. from 19 inch sizes to 8 metric sizes. T. section areas. or DIN indicates the preference rating in the standard from which the metric sizes are chosen. and mass per length or area are shown in SI units. are also included.427E . The mass per unit shown in the steel material tables is calculated using the ISO density factor. which are in complete agreement with the applicable ISO standards. The European countries just listed have developed coordinated EURONORM steel standards issued by the European Coal and Steel Community.0427 0. description of tables — The steel material dimension tables list standard metric sizes produced in major countries already using the metric system. On the right side of the tables.05%. EURONORM. S for second choice. ANSI B32. steel plates.43 0. for example. approximately 100 EURONORM standards have been published in German.The change to metric steel sizes opens up a tremendous opportunity for USA industry to rationalize on fewer steel sheet. The conversion factor 2. Linear dimensions. Some typical examples of the use of E-format are as follows: Computer Listing Decimal Value -1 0.300 Preferred Metric Sizes for Equal and Unequal Leg Angles. One cubic meter steel has 7842 kg mass using the USA density factor and 7850 kg mass with the ISO factor.200 Preferred Metric Sizes for Round.5 to 0. Major steel-producing countries. and T for third choice . The left column in the tables marked ISO.100). Germany. and they are either ISO.628 x 100 = 0. The computer exponential E-format was selected to cover a wide range of steel sizes and at the same time to present an accuracy to three significant digits for all numbers shown. Round. Again. Little rationalization of sizes is achieved in a company if one freely selects from all first-choice sizes listed in the steel tables. 2 For information about the term “standard” as used in this book. INTRODUCTION The American National Standards Institute issued American National Standard ANSI B32. plate. national standards for the applicable products are listed with their specified preference rating. tube and section sizes. Square.767990E + 04 was used to compute the pound per cubic inch equivalent. 1 The World Ferrous Materials Index is given on p. bar. . All conversions and calculations are processed by a computer with the data shown rounded off to the nearest number in each case. and the ANSI B32. ANSI. French.243x 101 = 2. A number of these EURONORM standards have now been modified and published as new ISO or EN standards. These standards are available from Beuth Verlag GmbH. and it differs from the ISO standard by approximately 0.and Wide FlangeBeams Structural Steel. Since 1955. the use of the preferred metric sizes shown in Table 4-1 is the key tool to use.962E + 03 = 0. The ISO and ANSI standards are also shown. Steel materials produced to the latter tolerances are standard in all major countries including USA (ANSI B32.01 = 0. You will note the few thicknesses considered first choice in the German DIN 1543 standard. structural quality. as specified in ISO 4995. ISO standard number and qualities from Table 10-42A. Use the Preferred Sizes in Table 4-1 p. maximum lift 4000 kg. and use it to find the appropriate ISO tolerance for the product. and coating from Table 10-42E through 10-42K. The specific ISO standard number where the tolerances are specified are shown with the table title in parenthesis.” For cold-rolled steel sheets. for part No. 3456. ISO standard number and material qualities from Table 10-42B. The standard steel plate thicknesses in most of the major steel-producing countries are shown in Table 10-3A. is as follows: “International Standard 4997.” WORLD STEEL PLATE STANDARDS Thicknesses. maximum lift 4000 kg.WORLD SHEET METAL STANDARDS Thicknesses. the desired thickness is selected from Table 10-2A. Note the ISO standard number where the desired steel grade is specified. ANSI B32. A typical example of designation of steel sheet 2 mm thick X 1200 mm wide X 2440 mm long to steel grade HR235. and coating from Table 10-42E through 42K. is as follows: “International Standard 4995. furnish report of mechanical properties. A typical example of designation of cold-rolled steel sheet 1 mm thick X 700 mm wide and 1800 mm long to the steel grade CR220 class B (rimmed or nonrimmed) and tolerance ± 0. tolerances from Table 10-1B through 10-1H. 40 000 kg. The following discussion is intended to assist the designer in his or her choice of metric sheet metal sizes and qualities anywhere in the world. The tolerances for sheet metal are specified in a number of ISO standards and shown in Tables 10-1B through 1H for hot-rolled and in Tables 10-2B through 2E for cold-rolled material. the first-choice sizes in the ANSI B32.100 is a recently released standard drafted by the author. Tolerances. mill edge. .100 standard should be available worldwide. as specified in the ISO standard. 40000 kg. When steel is specified to other national standards. 2 x 1200 X 2440 mm. roof support.09 mm. Select the desired ISO coating grade from the Tables 10-42E through 10-42K or the national standard used to specify the steel sheet product. and national standards for each product are also given for easy reference to further details. class D (D = CS Special Killed) and tolerance ± 0. Standard thicknesses for hot-rolled steel sheets are shown in Table 10-1A and for cold-reduced sheets in Table 10-2A. hot-rolled steel sheet. Make the material selection from Table 10-42A for hot-rolled and Table 10-42B for cold-rolled steel sheets. 2345. Although some differences exist in the various material standards. Order Example. 75 when selecting among all the third choices shown in the material tables. For hot-rolled steel sheets the desired thickness is selected from Table 10-1A. specify tolerances and steel grades as shown in that standard. coldrolled steel sheet.17 mm. furnish report of mechanical properties. structural quality. grade HR235 class D. tolerances from Table 10-2B through 2E. 1 X 700 X 1800 mm. A worldwide comparison of the designations used for hot-rolled and cold-rolled steels is shown in Tables 10-42A and B. and it is recommended the first choices shown in the USA column be chosen if possible. for part No. EURONORM. Material. Coatings. grade CR220 class B. seat frame — unexposed. The ISO. Most of the above thicknesses are available worldwide. TABLE 10-1A HOT-ROLLED STEEL SHEET AND STRIP THICKNESSES (ANSI B32.100) ANSI B32.100 SIZE D mm MASS 2 kg/m USA ANSI B32.100 AUSTRAL AS 1594 JAPAN JIS G3193 F T S T T F T T S T 1 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2 2.2 7.85 8.63 9.42 11.0 11.8 12.6 13.7 14.1 15.7 17.3 F T S T T F T T S T, 2.3T F S F S F F F F S F S F F 2.3F F T S T T T F 2.5 2.8 3 3.2 3.5 3.8 4 4.2 4.5 4.8 19.6 22.0 23.5 25.1 27.5 29.8 31.4 33.0 35.3 37.7 F T S T T T F F S F F F, 2.6S 2.9S F S T F 5 5.5 6 T S FRANCE NF A46-501 UK BS 1449 F F 1.25F F F F F F F S GERMANY ITALY DIN UNI 1016 F F 2.25F F F F F F F F F F F F F 3.6F F T S F F 4.75F 39.2 43.2 47.1 S T F F S F F 5.6F F F F F F F F 7 8 54.9 62.8 T S S F F, 6.3F F F F F F T 9 70.6 T S F F 10 78.5 F F F F F T F T 11 86.3 T F S 12 94.2 S F F NOTES: 3 1. Mass is calculated on the basis of density of steel of 7.85 kg/dm . 2. The size is national standard as indicated; F = First Choice; S = Second Choice; T = Third Choice; Number = Other Size. 3. Tolerances are shown in Tables 10-1B-10-1H. 12.5F F Chapter 11 Nonferrous Material SUMMARY Only copper and aluminum products are covered in this chapter. Major industrial countries, such as Japan, Germany, France, and Italy, have produced nonferrous material dimensioned to metric modules for a number of years, and the material standards1 for nonferrous sizes reflect the available commercial sizes in these countries. The American National Standards Institute issued American National Standards B32.100-2005 for preferred metric sizes for flat, round, square, rectangular, and hexagonal metal products. The preferred metric sizes were the result of the informational input of representatives from industries and professional societies, as well as the experience of other countries where the metric system has been in use. DESCRIPTION OF TABLES The nonferrous material dimension tables given in this chapter list standard metric sizes produced in major countries using the metric system. Linear dimensions, section areas, and mass per length of area are shown both in SI units and in customary inch units in the left-hand portions of each table. The left-most columns in the tables, which are headed in vertical fashion by ISO, ANSI, DIN, or BS, indicates the preference rating in the appropriate standard from which the metric sizes are chosen. In the right-hand portions of the tables, national standards for the applicable products are listed with their specified preference ratings. Tolerances shown in the right-hand portions of the tables are in millimeters, and are listed by column under a heading noting the original standard. Most of the tolerances are specified within the ISO system of limits and fits which is covered in national product standards throughout the world. All conversions and calculations were processed by a computer, and the data shown are rounded off to the nearest number in each case. The computer exponential “E” format (see Table 2-2) was selected in order to cover a wide range of sizes and at the same time present a three-significant-digit accuracy for all numbers shown. The maximum error range is from 0.5% to 0.05%. The standard density for copper used is 8900 kg mass per cubic meter, and for aluminum, 2700 kg mass per cubic meter. The density is not constant, and varies with added alloying materials. WORLD STANDARDS FOR NONFERROUS PLATE AND SHEET Table 11-1. Cold Rolled Copper and Copper Alloy Sheets (ANSI B32.100). The nominal thicknesses in the range from 0.1 to 10 mm have been based on the ANSI B32.100 standard, and the tolerances shown are based on DIN 1751 for cold rolled copper sheets. Table 11-2. Cold Rolled Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Sheets (ANSI B32.100). Aluminum sheets are shown in sizes ranging from 0.25 to 15 mm thicknesses with preference ratings as specified in ANSI B32.100. The tolerances shown are for aluminum sheets of Material Group I in DIN 1783, which is applicable for most aluminum sheet products. Table 11-3. Cold Rolled Copper and Copper Alloy Plates (ANSI B32.100). Copper plates in thicknesses from 3 to 50 mm are shown in Table 11-3, and the selection of sizes has been based on ANSI B32.100. The tolerances listed are those specified in the Japanese Standard JIS H3111 for oxygen-free copper sheets and plates. Table 11-4. Hot Rolled Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Plates (ANSI B32.100). Hot-rolled aluminum plates in thicknesses from 5 to 100 mm have been selected from ANSI B32.100, and some tolerances from DIN 59600 for sheets and rounds made of hot rolled aluminum are also shown. TABLE 10-1A HOT-ROLLED STEEL SHEET AND STRIP THICKNESSES (ANSI B32.100) ANSI B32.100 SIZE D mm MASS 2 kg/m USA ANSI B32.100 AUSTRAL AS 1594 JAPAN JIS G3193 F T S T T F T T S T 1 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2 2.2 7.85 8.63 9.42 11.0 11.8 12.6 13.7 14.1 15.7 17.3 F T S T T F T T S T, 2.3T F S F S F F F F S F S F F 2.3F F T S T T T F 2.5 2.8 3 3.2 3.5 3.8 4 4.2 4.5 4.8 19.6 22.0 23.5 25.1 27.5 29.8 31.4 33.0 35.3 37.7 F T S T T T F F S F F F, 2.6S 2.9S F S T F 5 5.5 6 T S FRANCE NF A46-501 UK BS 1449 F F 1.25F F F F F F F S GERMANY ITALY DIN UNI 1016 F F 2.25F F F F F F F F F F F F F 3.6F F T S F F 4.75F 39.2 43.2 47.1 S T F F S F F 5.6F F F F F F F F 7 8 54.9 62.8 T S S F F, 6.3F F F F F F T 9 70.6 T S F F 10 78.5 F F F F F T F T 11 86.3 T F S 12 94.2 S F F NOTES: 3 1. Mass is calculated on the basis of density of steel of 7.85 kg/dm . 2. The size is national standard as indicated; F = First Choice; S = Second Choice; T = Third Choice; Number = Other Size. 3. Tolerances are shown in Tables 10-1B-10-1H. 12.5F F 1 120 BC10 120 180 28 2 AUSTRALIA AS 2. The secretariat for ISO/TC123 .5 ISO/R300 standard and ANSI/ABMA 20. 542. and the American Bearing Manufacturers Association.1 30 BC10 30 55 13 1 90 BC10 90 140 24 1.1 GERMANY DIN 625 12 BC10 12 28 8 0.5 NOTES: 35 BC10 35 62 14 1 95 BC10 95 145 24 1. Subcommittee 7 is handled by Germany. . Self-aligning bushings will be covered by TC4/SC7. self-aligning bushings would fall in the category of TC 123. ANSI/ABMA 20 describes metric design radial ball. Bearing codes are according to the previous 40 BC10 40 68 15 1 100 BC10 100 150 24 1. The secretariat for the Technical Committee ISO/TC4 Rolling Bearings is held by Sweden. Inc. so that today a number of bearing types. (ABMA). cylindrical roller.Plain Bearings is held by Russia. TABLE 12-5A WORLD BALL AND THRUST BEARING STANDARDS DEEP GROOVE BALL BEARINGS . please see p. 1 For information about the term “standard” as used in this book.3 65 BC10 65 100 18 1. which covers thrust bearing parameters from the following international standards: • ISO 104 (boundary dimensions) • ISO 199 (thrust ball bearing tolerances) • ISO 582 (for chamfer dimensions) A commitment to the customary inch measuring system has caused slow progress in the world standardization of such bearing types as needle and tapered roller bearings. The radii shown are rs min as specified in ISO 15.6 80 BC10 80 125 22 1.6 85 BC10 85 130 22 1. was issued in 1955.1.3 70 BC10 70 110 20 1. and spherical roller bearings conforming to the basic boundary plans. the Russians have no interest in this matter.12. Self-aligning bushings are now covered in the three-part standard ISO 6124. and the second edition of this important standard1 received worldwide approval in 1968.1 FRANCE NF E22-300 15 BC10 15 32 9 0. produced by different manufacturing companies. Its first recommendation. The largest ball and cylindrical roller bearing manufacturing companies in the world have adhered to the ISO recommendation.1 25 BC10 25 47 12 0. and spherical roller types are specified in ANSI/ABMA 24. 45 BC10 45 75 16 1 105 BC10 105 160 26 2 50 BC10 50 80 16 1 110 BC10 110 170 28 2 55 BC10 55 90 18 1. can be interchanged. are responsible for rolling element bearing standardization in the USA These standards are published as ANSI/ABMA standards and are available from either of the above organizations.3 75 BC10 75 115 20 1.SINGLE ROW mm STANDARDS FIGURE ISO 15 USA ANSI/ABMA 20 JAPAN JIS B1521 DIMENSIONS BEARING TYPE BC . Ball and cylindrical roller bearings are the most prevalent bearing types in countries using the metric system. representing the USA position on an international level. where several standards have been issued on the subject. R15 for radial bearings boundary dimensions. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI). which contain radial bearing parameters from the following international standards: • ISO 15 (boundary dimensions) • ISO 464 (snap rings and grooves) • ISO 492 (tolerances) • ISO 582 (chamfer dimensions) • ISO 5753 (radial clearances) Thrust bearings of ball cylindrical roller.1 ITALY UNI 4473 20 BC10 20 42 12 0.3 60 BC10 60 95 18 1. as shown on p.DIMENSION SERIES 10 DESIGNATION d D B r DESIGNATION d D B r 10 BC10 10 26 8 0. as shown on p. 539.5 1. However.Chapter 12 Bearings SUMMARY Roller bearings have been subject to extensive world standardization efforts.1 UK BS 292 17 BC10 17 35 10 0. 12. Information presented in ISO and IEC standards and draft proposals have been included. The main differences will be pointed out in this chapter to facilitate worldwide interchangeability of parts. splines and serrations. The synchronous rotating speed for induction motors is calculated by using the following formula: F • 120 (rpm) n = --------------p frequency • 120 (rpm) --------------------------number of poles (13-1) Electric motors (other than dc) rotate with speeds depending on the frequency of the power supply. 1 For information about the term “standard” as used in this book. ELECTRIC MOTORS INTRODUCTION The material presented in this chapter is intended to give a brief introduction into standards related to the usage of electric motors.06 to 250 kW. but since they are subject to change. A number of ISO and IEC standards have been issued on the subject.Chapter 13 Mechanical Power Transmission Systems SUMMARY The purpose of this section is to describe world standards1 for the most commonly used power source in industry — the electric motor — and some of the important power transmission components. Some standards for these items have been based on the metric measuring system. and keys and keyways. metric module gearing. such as transmission chains and sprockets. Note that the technical committees are designated by the letters TC. IEC has published several important standards on this subject and is active in developing standards for rotating electrical machines through its IEC/TC2 working groups and committees. TABLE 13-1 NOMINAL SYNCHRONOUS OUTPUT SPEEDS (rpm) FOR MOTORS OPERATING ON A 50 Hz OR 60 Hz ac SUPPLY POLES SPEED (rpm) 50 Hz 60 Hz 2 3000 3600 4 6 1500 1000 1800 1200 8 750 900 10 600 720 . please see p. followed by the appropriate committee number. and some of the most important standards. POWER OUTPUT RATINGS The nominal power outputs in kilowatts (kW) are specified in IEC 72-1 and shown in Table 13-2 for output ratings from 0. care should be exercised with some of the material presented. but most of the world uses 50 Hz power supply. as well as the ISO technical committee organizing the technical work behind each standard. endless belt drives. Preferred output powers for larger electric motors in a size range from 280 to 1000 kW are specified in IEC 72-1. and the others on the customary inch system. and the most commonly used output speeds produced for industry are shown in Table 13-1. ROTATING SPEEDS North America uses alternating electrical current with 60 Hz frequency. are listed at the end of the chapter. pneumatics. Fluid power includes the technologies of hydraulics. the cubic meter per second (m3/s) or liter per second (L/s) is recommended for use instead of the cubic meter and liter per minute (simplifications of power calculations). for the most part.5 25 (3. with some exceptions. 1 kPa (kilopascal) = 10 mbar = 0. 1 For information about the term “standard” as used in this book. with hydraulic fluid power systems and components.5) (125) (1.5) 16 1. 2. The world standards1 presented in this chapter deal.5) (315) (3. 100 . to the national standards and industry practices in all major industrial countries. and fluid logic. 3.25 (12.5 25 250 2. TABLE 14-1 NOMINAL PRESSURES-GAGE PRESSURES IN kPa AND MPa1 (ISO 2944) kPa (kilopascal) MPa (megapascal) 1 10 100 1 10 (1.25) (12.3 63 630 6. The National Fluid Power Association (NFPA) (see Table 1-1) administers the secretariat of the ISO TC 131 on fluid power. ISO 2944 recommended pressures for fluid power are shown in Table 14-1.Chapter 14 Fluid Power Systems and Components SUMMARY Fluid power systems are those that transmit and control power through the use of a pressurized fluid (liquid or gas) within an enclosed circuit.145 psi.5 4 40 400 4 40 (5) (50) (500) (5) 50 6. please see p.6 16 160 1. The ISO standards presented in this chapter conform. Non-preferred values are in parenthesis. To bring practical units for volumetric flow in line with theoretical calculations. NOMINAL PRESSURES The recommended SI units for hydraulic pressure is the pascal (1 Pa = 1 N/mm2).3 63 (8) (80) (800) (8) 80 NOTES: 1.15) 31. The bar was widely used throughout Europe and 1 MPa equals 10 bar and 1 kPa equals 10 mbar (millibar).6 (2) (20) (200) (2) 20 2. 12.15) (31. and a number of standards have been approved and published. 1 MPa (megapascal) = 145 psi. together with the customary inch fraction. Table 15-1 shows some preferred metric drill sizes. and it makes it convenient to phase out non-preferred inch sizes.Chapter 15 Manufacturing Engineering SUMMARY The introduction of metric drill sizes to manufacturing creates an opportunity to rationalize the number of drills used. number. . The table shows all sizes in decimal millimeter or inch. and letter sizes. 54 1.TABLE 15-1 DRILL SIZES WITH DECIMAL EQUIVALENTS DRILL SIZE mm INCH 0.0197 0.95 0.0095 NO.0292 NO.66 0.15 0.33 0.0059 NO.34 0.043 0.60 1.88 0.90 0.15 0.19 0.05 0.1 1.0551 0.016 NO.0433 1.012 NO.0105 NO.055 0.0512 NO.0225 0.02 NO.64 0.55 NO.91 0.99 0.74 0.65 0.83 0.46 0.59 1.57 1.58 1.45 0.041 0.033 NO.51 0.79 0.0145 1/64 0.024 NO.0256 0.042 0.32 0.09 0.0083 NO.97 0.5 GO 0.23 0.16 0.01 NO.18 0.63 0.0591 STOP CAUTION .0374 0.21 0.0394 1 0.73 0.0236 0.0039 DRILL SIZE mm INCH 0.3 0.0217 0.2 0.32 NO.0276 0.0531 1.62 0.70 0.0118 0.53 0.0115 NO.45 1.37 0.41 NO.025 0.17 0.81 0.65 NO.0335 0.35 1.0063 NO.79 0.0075 NO.3 NO.04 0.0087 NO.67 0.96 0.77 0.0492 0.61 0.013 NO.82 0.61 0.69 0.86 0.71 0.8 0.052 0.84 0.74 0.27 0.018 NO.94 0.80 0.0177 0.031 NO.89 NO.75 0.011 NO.91 0.76 0.95 0.75 0.032 NO.0067 NO.1 DECIMALS mm INCH 0.038 NO.026 CAUTION 0.78 0.97 0.87 0.037 0.0125 NO.29 0.4 NO.72 0.85 0.84 0.0156 0.57 NO.64 0.28 0.55 1.8 0.71 STOP 0.036 NO.94 0.0469 0.66 0.68 0.04 NO.0135 0.2 DECIMALS mm INCH 0.35 NO.0079 1/32 0.25 0.4 1.19 0.0354 0.81 0.0091 NO.0158 NO.89 0.0313 NO.0472 1.7 NO.0079 0.56 1.24 0.92 0.0295 0.93 0.0465 3/64 1.07 0.0315 0.0413 1.035 0.22 0.0453 NO.021 0.039 NO.9 0.0138 NO.85 0.0571 0.2 1.028 NO.25 1.02 0.6 0.5 GO 0.3 0.4 0.0071 NO.18 0.4 0. 57 0.144 0.1 0.26 3.0935 3/32 2.125 NO.29 0.0984 2.85 0.5 0.50 0.061 1.067 NO.35 0.36 2.8 0.0807 NO.58 0.098 NO.096 CAUTION GO STOP CAUTION .53 DECIMALS mm INCH DRILL SIZE mm INCH 1.7 0.25 GO 0.38 2.30 3.063 1.65 1.49 1.18 0.44 2.0995 NO.48 1.0906 2.9 0.1015 0.32 2.66 0.08 0.44 0.87 0.1 2.136 0.27 3.1378 3.25 3.0625 NO.0787 2 2.065 1.082 0.26 0.0866 2.0925 2.59 0.2 0.6 0.1457 3.147 NO.116 0.18 NO.0965 NO.0781 NO.45 2.0728 NO.126 3.43 2.51 2.1285 0.26 0.7 NO.076 0.49 NO.0748 1.9 NO.4 0.31 3.15 0.1406 0.1417 3.37 2.0945 0.086 0.0669 NO.7 1.51 1.0689 1.3 3.0635 0.46 2.5 0.95 0.37 NO.33 2.6 0.1339 3.1181 3 NO.2 2.42 2.38 0.05 1/8 3.41 0.104 0.79 0.TABLE 15-1 DRILL SIZES WITH DECIMAL EQUIVALENTS (CONT'D) DRILL SIZE mm INCH NO.07 NO.073 NO.1063 2.45 NO.40 2.0938 STOP 2.8 0.75 NO.122 3.0785 0.12 0.93 1/64 1.081 NO.113 0.82 0.1299 3.78 1.0768 1.0827 2.8 1.34 2.71 0.47 1.39 2.06 0.57 0.05 0.78 0.0886 NO.55 1/16 1.4 NO.6 NO.1495 0.53 0.0595 DECIMALS mm INCH 0.1094 0.11 0.1405 0.35 2.98 0.52 1.111 0.64 0.95 0.0709 NO.1065 7/64 2.1024 2.1142 2.45 0.7 0.0846 NO.1102 2.73 0.089 9/64 3.28 3.3 2.85 NO.99 0.61 0. 22 3.2 0.1614 4.39 0.1875 NO.8 0.2362 6 0.21 4.166 0.76 0.1575 4 NO.1496 13/64 5.2126 5.3 5.6 5.242 0.1 0.1562 NO.1693 4.1695 11/64 4.79 3.8 0.234 0.22 NO.18 4.2055 CAUTION GO STOP CAUTION .5 0.252 6.31 0.8 0.2244 5.1732 4.159 NO.4 5.9 DECIMALS mm INCH 0.1654 NO.3 6.191 0.2323 0.2 0.3 0.22 0.2283 5.56 NO.2031 0.228 0.2 4.13 4.09 0.221 0.5 0.97 0.1719 NO.11 4.196 C 6.7 3/16 4.57 4.266 0.2656 0.2402 6.35 0.9 4.209 0.185 0.185 4.86 NO.7 5.91 0.248 6.5 5.17 4.261 0.2559 F 6.25 E 6.95 0.20 4.8 NO.12 4.199 0.204 NO.3 0.9 0.25 5.152 NO.9 4.94 0.62 0.35 0.16 4.1935 NO.63 NO.23 3.7 0.18 0.18 15/64 5.2441 6.2188 0.04 0.91 0.6 0.246 0.76 0.4 6.7 5.24 3.201 H 6.189 4.31 NO.11 0.5 0.154 5/32 3.53 G 6.2598 0.1 5.2047 5.1772 A 5.99 0.25 0.157 0.2 5.213 0.05 NO.10 4.2638 6.TABLE 15-1 DRILL SIZES WITH DECIMAL EQUIVALENTS (CONT'D) DRILL SIZE mm INCH DECIMALS mm INCH DRILL SIZE mm INCH 0.2205 5.2344 0.2008 17/64 6.19 GO 0.61 NO.5 0.2087 5.16 0.2165 5.85 B 6.98 0.1811 NO.75 0.182 NO.15 0.257 0.15 D 6.189 NO.8 0.1929 4.173 NO.6 NO.14 4.177 4.1 4.1968 5 0.161 0.37 0.05 1/4 6.8 STOP 5.4 0.1 0.238 0.1535 3.6 NO.41 7/32 5.4 NO. 4062 10.3425 STOP 0.311 0.2 21/64 8.3 0.378 9.11 0.3543 T 9.413 27/64 10.91 J 7.33 0.348 0.4409 0.4331 7/16 11.6 0.94 0.2 0.3386 R 0.374 3/8 V 9.4528 STOP CAUTION .73 0.2812 0.3622 U 0.7 GO 0.377 0.37 0.1 K 9/32 7.3583 9.2874 L 0.3438 0.3898 9.84 0.6 8.72 0.67 0.04 0.2913 7.358 0.323 8.3189 8.302 0.4134 10.3268 8.35 0.4016 10.4 9.339 0.2 9.368 0.08 Y 10.8 0.09 23/64 9.5 8.4 Q 8.2795 7.5 0.3661 9.32 0.3701 9.03 0.7 7.295 19/64 7.3937 10 0.2 11.4375 0.2992 7.3906 0.53 0.49 0.3281 0.3594 9.2835 7.8 6.281 0.5 0.3858 W 9.4058 10.29 7.375 9.3071 5//16 7.2953 7.315 8 O 8.332 0.14 7.43 8.2 0.54 N 7.3307 8.9 9 0.61 0.272 0.2969 0.4219 0.3504 8.5 0.3125 0.2717 I 6.1 0.3465 8.58 0.397 0.9 0.92 X 10.TABLE 15-1 DRILL SIZES WITH DECIMAL EQUIVALENTS (CONT'D) DRILL SIZE mm INCH DECIMALS mm INCH DRILL SIZE mm INCH 0.3 0.1 8.14 0.8 0.9 0.13 0.4252 10.3031 7.316 CAUTION 11.8 7.5 GO 0.2756 7 DECIMALS mm INCH S 8.8 11 0.3 0.3228 P 0.2 7.404 0.8 0.3819 0.3 0.7 9.3346 8.9 0.277 8.26 13/32 Z 10.386 25/64 9.49 0.4 M 7.2677 11/32 6.6 9. 8438 55/64 21.03 0.89 0.84 0.9062 59/64 23.7284 47/64 18.75 0.4531 0.5 37/64 14.42 0.5625 0.748 19 12 12.8906 0.4646 11.29 0.5 5//8 15.5313 51/64 20.26 0.91 DECIMALS mm INCH 0.6094 0.65 0.6406 0.9842 25 0.9844 1 25.4 1 0.5781 0.9646 24.5469 9//16 14.5118 13 33/64 13.61 0.8281 27/32 21.7656 0.7 25/32 19.46 0.5906 15 0.5 0.5315 13.5 0.83 7//8 22.1 0.8071 20.7344 63/64 25 0.7087 18 GO 0.7031 23/32 STOP 18.7969 0.5 1//2 12.5 45/64 17.4803 49/64 19.5 0.5 21/32 16.4844 0.07 0.5156 17/32 13.689 17.8125 0.24 0.6693 17 0.4688 0.86 0.48 0.9688 0.9219 0.68 0.81 0.7874 20 0.5 31/32 24.8 15/32 11.5 0.5 0.51 18.45 0.4724 3//4 19.3 0.9531 0.9375 0.5 0.8661 22 19/32 15.6719 11//16 17.02 0.5938 39/64 15.64 0.21 0.625 41/64 16.62 29/32 23.27 0.88 0.6299 16 0.875 0.6102 15.7677 19.6496 16.7188 CAUTION GO STOP CAUTION .TABLE 15-1 DRILL SIZES WITH DECIMAL EQUIVALENTS (CONT'D) DRILL SIZE mm INCH 29/64 DECIMALS mm INCH DRILL SIZE mm INCH 11.05 0.2 31/64 12.8268 21 0.8465 21.8858 22.23 57/64 22.5 0.5709 14.5 35/64 13.08 0.4921 12.9252 23.5 13/16 20.6875 61/64 24.8594 0.9449 24 43/64 17.7812 0.67 15/16 23.6562 0.5512 14 53/64 21.9055 23 0.43 0. and ISO 14012. . Vocabulary. ISO 10012: 2003 Measurement management systems — Requirements for measurement processes and measurement equipment. and ISO 9003:1994 are replaced by a single quality management system requirement standard. ISO 9002 and ISO 9003. -3. although considerably rewritten. and continually to improve its environmental performance. ISO 19011: 2011 Guidelines for quality and/or environmental management systems auditing.Chapter 16 Quality Management and Environmental Management Systems (ISO 9000 and ISO 14000) SUMMARY ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 The ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 families are among ISO's most widely known and successful standards ever. was developed using the format and structure of ISO 9001:2000 Quality management systems . This means what the organization does to minimize harmful effects on the environment caused by its activities. ISO launched the new technical committee. ISO/TC 207. This standard replaces the former standards ISO 8402 and ISO 9000-1. in 1993. ISO 9001:2000 Quality management systems .Guidelines for performance improvements. The aim of this standard is the improvement of the performance of an organization and the satisfaction of customers and other interested parties. This standard replaces the former standard ISO 9004-1. entitled Fundamentals and Vocabulary. provides guidelines for both the effectiveness and efficiency of the QMS. This standard replaces the former standards ISO 9001. QMS. describes the fundamentals of a QMS and specifies the terminology for a QMS. 3. 7. The countries listed in Table 16-1B adopted the ISO 9000:1987 series standards. ISO 9000 Quality Management System (QMS) has become an international reference for quality requirements in business to business dealings.Requirements. This means what the organization does to enhance customer satisfaction by meeting customer and applicable regulatory requirements and continually to improve its performance in this regard. The ISO 9000:2000 QMS is replacing the 1994 standards as follows. ISO 14000 is primarily concerned with "environmental management". ISO 9002:1994. It was developed on the basis of previous standards: ISO 8402:1994. if not more. ISO 14010. in helping organizations to meet their environmental challenges. ISO 9000:2000. and ISO 14000 Environmental Management System (EMS) looks set to achieve at least as much. ISO 9001: 2008 Quality management systems — Requirements. ISO 14011. Replaces ISO 10011-1.Requirements. 4. Environmental management. ISO 9001:2000 Quality management systems . ISO 9000 is concerned with "quality management".-2. COPANT = Pan American Standards Commission. Guidelines for performance improvement. 2. The ISO 14000 EMS includes standards as follows. The three quality assurance requirement standards ISO 9001:1994. 6. ISO 9004:2000 Quality management systems . 8.Guidelines for performance improvements. Worldwide equivalents of the ISO 9000:2000 series standards are shown in Table 16-1A for the eight major industrial countries and in Table 16-1B for 79 countries to the ISO 9000:2000 series standards. Selection and Use. ISO 9000 : 2005 ANSI/ASQ Q9000 4 5 ISO 9000: 2005 Quality management systems — Fundamentals and vocabulary. 5. Now there are more than twice as many countries adopting the ISO 9000 series standards. and lS0 9000-1:1994. ISO 9004:2000 Quality management systems . TABLE 16-1A WORLDWIDE EQUIVALENCE OF THE ISO 9000: SERIES OF STANDARDS 1 ISO 9001 : 2008 ANSI/ASQ Q9001 2 ISO 9004 : 2009 ANSI/ASQ Q9004 3 ISO 10012 : 2003 ANSI/ASQ Q10012 ISO 19011 : 2011 ANSI/ASQ QE19011 Japan JIS Z9900 JIS Z9901 JIS Z9904 Germany DIN EN ISO 9000 DIN EN ISO 9001 DIN EN ISO 9004 DIN EN ISO 10012 DIN EN ISO19011 France NF EN ISO 9000 NF EN ISO 9001 NF EN ISO 9004 NF EN ISO 10012 NF EN ISO19011 BS EN ISO 9000 UNI EN ISO 9000 CAN/CSA ISO 9000 AS/NZS ISO 9000 BS EN ISO 9001 UNI EN ISO 9001 CAN/CSA ISO 9001 AS/NZS ISO 9001 BS EN ISO 9004 UNI EN ISO 9004 CAN/CSA ISO 9004 AS/NZS ISO 9004 BS EN ISO 10012 UNI EN ISO 10012 CAN/CSA ISO 10012 AS/NZS ISO 10012 BS EN ISO19011 UNI EN ISO19011 CAN/CSA ISO 19011 AS/NZS ISO 19011 GLOBAL USA UK Italy Canada Australia NOTES: 1. which replaces ISO 9004-1:1994. This standard replaces the former standards ISO 10012-1 and ISO 10012-2. ISO 9004: 2009 Quality management systems — Guidelines for performance improvements. The European Union (EU) publish standards identified by the prefix EN.Requirements specifies requirements for a QMS where an organization needs to demonstrate its ability to provide products that meet customer requirements and applicable regulatory requirements and aims to enhance customer satisfaction. 305 km/h mi/h km/h = mi/h x 1. others are rounded to the nearest seventh significant digit in accordance with the ANSI SI 10 standard.2%.8 + 273 K o C K = oC + 273 m/s ft/s m/s = ft/s x 0. Length . 3.kok. METRIC UNITS for Length. one mile = 1600 m. Volume. 1. mass. one cup = 0.Chapter 17 Conversion Factors and Program SUMMARY The conversion factors shown in Table 17-1 will satisfy most of your requirements – their accuracy is within 0.405 km2 mi2 km2 = mi2 x 2. ½ cup = 125 mL.4 mm exactly). one fifth gallon = 0. For more exact results click on Search Accurate Conversion Factor List.com/conversi. Accurate conversion factors are shown in Table 17-3. 2.75 L.3 kg lb tonshort (2000 lb) tonlong (2240 lb) kg = lb x 0. one fluid ounce = 30 mL. 1.8 NOTES. one chain = 20 m. yd. There are two conversion programs as follows: (1) Conversion Program (ANSI factors) and (2) Global Conversion Program <http://www. Enter Value to be converted and click on Convert. Area. 5. one foot = 300 mm. 3.5 L. Other INCH UNITS are shown in Table 17-2. Select Unit: From: in. etc are shown in Chapter 2. Less frequently used rounded conversion factors are shown in Table 17-2. and you may take the simple steps as follows.305 mi km = mi x 1. m. Volume – one spice measure = 1 mL. and search entries by typing the first few letters in the conversion you are looking for.79 L = galImp x 4. one pint = 0. Select any of the 400 conversion factors (ANSI SI 10) shown in Table 17-3 and use for special conversions. km. metric-inch. inch-inch or metric-metric. Select Class: length. Inch Units in Metric* such as. Read or copy Result.4 L = gal x 3. TABLE 17-1 CONVERSION FACTORS (ROUNDED) QUANTITY1 METRIC UNIT2 INCH UNIT3 CONVERSION mm in mm = in x 25. volume.765 g oz g = oz x 28. area.convert-me.com/en/>. Select Type of Conversion: inch-metric. After you click on that name. To: mm. 5. Multiplication factors shown with an asterisk “*” are exact. The word QUANTITY means a measurable attribute of a phenomenon or of matter in this publication. . etc.one square foot = 0. the program will enter preferred metric unit and conversion factor. Follow steps 4 through 6 shown above.93 Area Volume 3 mL in L(dm3) galUSA mL = in3 x 16.61 Temperature Speed C o C = (oF-32)/1.4 m ft m = ft x 0. one acre = 4000 m .907 Mg = tonlong x 1. etc.454 Mg = tonshort x 0.0929 hm2 (ha) acre hm2 = acre x 0.59 mL(cm3) tsp (1/3 tbs) mL = tsp x 4.htm>. one yard = 1 m. Use Conversion Program <http://www. Area . one tablespoon = 15 mL. ½ mile = 800 m. The Conversion Program can use accurate (Table 17-3) or rounded conversion factors.one inch = 25 mm (25.25 L.61 Length km 2 mm in 2 mm2 = in2 x 645 m2 ft2 m2 = ft2 x 0. one teaspoon = 5 mL. ft.1 m . one furlong = 200 m. 4. Select number of decimal places shown in output: From 0 to 6. 4. 2 2 ¼ mile = 400 m.106 Mass Mg (t = 1000 kg) o o F K o F K = (oF-32)/1. etc.55 kL (m3) yd3 kL = yd3 x 0. 2. 6. 291 mrad/s 0. 128 ozUSA fluid 3.62 kL 1 pound force = 1 ounce force = 1 tonregister = 100 ft 2.765 kL or m3 0.59 km o 68 F = 20 C = 293 K 36 mi2 = 93.81 L angular.92 in = 0.2 lb = 373 g 6. 31.03 m 20.45 kN 8.4 µm.201 m 1 rod = 1 chain = 16.1 m 1 furlong = 1 fathom = 1 cable length = 660 ft =10 chain = 6 ft = 600 ft = 6076 ft = 1 milestat = 1 mil = 1 microinch = 1 pointprinters = 1 pointcomputer = 1 footsurvey = 1 link = 1 milenaut = 438 gr = 16 oz = 28.09 gr = 20 gr = 200 mg 1.836 m2 2 1 deg Fahrenheit = 1 deg Rankine = 1/1.305 m/s2 1 galUSA dry = 3 269 in = 4.61 km/h 1. 1 bushel = 8 galUSA dry = 35.one pound = 500 g.56 g 1.305 m 0.351 mm 0.35 kg 14.89 g 31.69 ft/s = 1. 25.3 g 454 g 1 tonshort = 1 tonlong = 1 grain = 2000 lb = 2240 lb = 1/7000 lb = 0.77 g 1 dramapo = 1 ouncetroy = 60 gr = 480 gr = 3.34 gr = 1.83 m 183 m 1 poundtroy = 1 stone = 1 slug = 12 oztroy = 14 lb = 32.0254 m/s2 1 peck = 2 galUSA dry = 8.79 L 1 knot minaut/h = 1728 in3 = 28.2 L 2 1 degree/sec = 3 277 in = 4.40 L 1 in/sec2 = 0.8 K (kelvin) or oC 2 2 0oF = o 100 ft = 9. one ton = 1 Mg (1000 kg).986 mL 4.45 N 0. 1 quartUSA dry = 3 67.001 in = 0.453 kL 3. 27 ft3 = 12 dp = 60 dp = 3 tsp = 0.551 L linear.85 km/h 1 cup = 1 galUSA 1 ft3 = 1 yard3 1 drop = 1 babyspoon = 1 teaspoon = 1 tablespoon = 1 gill = linear.3048006 m 0.914 m 1 ounceavoirdupois = 1 pound = 5280 ft = 0.8 mL 4 ozUSA fluid = 118 mL 3 1 RPM (r/min) = 1 deg/min = 1 deg/sec = frequency 1 cycle/min = 0.one quart = 1 L.3 L angular.4 kg Area Units 1 in2 = 2 1 ft = 1 yd2 = 1 square (roofing) 1 acre = 2 1 mi = 1 township = Temperature Units 645 mm2 2 144 in = 0.907 Mg 1.6 kg 1.0138 in = 1/72 in = 0. TABLE 17-2 OTHER CONVERSION FACTORS (ROUNDED) Length Units 1 foot = 1 yard = Mass Units 12 in = 3 ft = 0.81 m/s2 Force Unit 4.473 L 1 foot/sec = 1 quartUSA fluid = 32 ozUSA fluid = 0.90 kN .0821 mL 0.1 g 201 m 1.47 ft/s = 1.000001 in = 1.2 km2 86oF = 30oC = 303 K o Volume Units 1 in3 = 1 ozUSA fluid = -40oF = 16.0929 m 9 ft2 = 0. one gallon = 4 L.2 in = 1.4 mL o o 104 F = 40 C = 313 K o 212 F = 100oC = 373 K Velocity Units 2 tbs = 8 dramfluid = 29.237 L 1 pintUSA fluid = 16 ozUSA fluid = 0.5 galUSA = 119 L 1 g (on Earth) = 1 barreloil = 1 cord ft = 1 cord = 42 galUSA = 16 ft3 = 8 cord ft = 159 L 0.353 mm 1200/3937 m = 7. Mass .2 ft/s = 9.4 nm 0.278 N 1 lb ft/s2 0.138 N 1000 lbf = 2000 lbf = 4.83 kL 1 poundal = 1233 kL 1 kip = 1 tonshort force = 1 galIMP = 1 barrelexc oil = 1 acre ft = 3 3 43560 ft 0.946 L 1 mile/hour = 1.10 L 1 foot/sec2 = 0.29 m 43560 ft2 = 4047 m2 -40oC = 233 K -17.0175 rad/s 1/60 c/s = 1/60 Hz Acceleration Units 1 pintUSA dry = 33.106 Mg 64.0175 rad/s2 2 32.6 in = 0.30 g 1 pennyweight = 1 dram = 24 gr = 27.6 mL 8 ozUSA fluid = 0.305 m/s 1/60 1/s 0.5 ft = 25 link = 66 ft = 100 link = 5.85 km 1 hundredweight = 100 lb = 45.93 mL 14.61 km 25.8 mg 1 carat = 1 scruple = 3.8oC = 255 K o 32 F = 0 C= 273 K 50oF = 10oC = 283 K 640 acres = 2 2.55 L gravity. 8/oC = 1.9 Pa 1 atmint = 14.06 mN•m 9.19 kJ/kg specific heat capacity.19 kJ 1 lbf/ft = 14.735 kW 0. 1 lbf/ft3 = 1 lbf/in3 = 1 kgf/dm3 = power.81 kN 1 kg•m/s2 1 lb/in3 = 1 lb/gal = 27.8 kW/m2 1 W/in2 = 1.472 L/s 1 gal/h = 1.055 kJ 1 Mg/m3 gravity force.84 µrad 2 1 lb•ft = 1 lb•in2 = 42. Polar.8/K Thermal Conductivity Unit 1 Btu in/(h•ft • F) = 2 o 0.1 mL/s 1 CFM = 3 1 ft /min = 0.81 N mass.89 kPa 47.TABLE 17-2 OTHER CONVERSION FACTORS (CONT’D)(ROUNDED) Force Unit (CONT'D) 1 dyne = 1 kilogram force = 1 tonmetric force = 1 newton Density Unit 1 kilopond = 0.3 kW/m2 41.1 µJ 1 lbf•ft/rad = 3.55 kW/m2 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Unit 1/oF = 1.19 J 1 lbf/in = 175 N/m 1 Calnutrition = 4.1 kPa 133 Pa 2 1 psi = 6.89 MPa 1 lbf/in = 1 kip/in = Work Unit energy. 1 calheat = 4.7 Mg/m3 120 kg/m3 3 1 kg/dm = Torque Unit 1 lbf x ft = 1.56 g/s 1 lbf x ft/min = 22.746 kW 0.1 g•m2 0.05 mL/s mass.278 µg/J Elasticity Unit linear.144 W/(m•K) o 1.81 N•m Pressure Unit 2 1 lbf/in = 1 lbf/ft2 = 1 psi = 6.697 lbf/in2 = 101.52 kW Time Unit 1 minute (min) = 1 hour (h) = 1 day (d) = 60 s 3600 s 86 400 s Angle Unit 1 degree (o) = 1 min (') = 1 sec (") = Mass Moment of Inertia Unit 0.293 W 3.325 kPa 1 bar = 100 kPa 1 inch Hg = 3.36 J 1. 1 GPM = 1 gal/min = 63. 1 lb/ft3 = 16 kg/m3 1000 kgf = 1N= 9.6 N/m 1 kgf x m = 1 erg = 1 dyne•cm = 1 kilowatt x hour = heat capacity.33 kJ/kg 4.425 km/L 1 lb/(hp•h) = SFC = 0.73 W/(m•K) 1 Btu/(h•ft• F) = Fuel Consumption Unit 9. 157 N/m3 271 kN/m3 9.36 N•m/rad 9.89 kPa 2 1 ksi = 6.0175 rad 0.38 kPa 1 inch H2O = 0. 1 lbf x ft = 1 Btu = 1.41 µL/J 0.36 W 1 lb/min = 7. 1 in4 = 416 000 mm4 4 1 cm = 10 000 mm4 First. o 1 Btu/(lb• F) = 4.81 N•m/rad Flow Unit 1 kcal/kg = 2.113 N•m 7. 3 16 400 mm3 1 in = 3 1 cm = 1 000 mm3 Surface Tension Unit 1 lbf/ft = 14.6 N/m .81 kN/m3 1 Btu/(ft2•sec) = 1 cal/(cm2•sec) = 11.293 g•m2 Area Moment of Inertia Unit Second.6 mW 1 lb/sec = 0. 0.81 Pa Stress Unit 1 g/cm3 = 1 mi/gal = 235 L/(100 km) 1 mi/gal = 0.169mg/J 1 gal/(hp•h) = 1 g/(kW•h) = SFC = 1.249 kPa 2 1 kgf/cm = 1 mm Hg = 1 at = 1 torr = 1 mm H2O = 98.01 mN 9.36 N•m = 1. 1 Btu/lb = 1 cal/g = 9.291 mrad 4.454 kg/s 1 hpcust = 550 lbf•ft/s = 1 hpmetric = 1 Btu/h = 75 kgf•m/s = 1 tonrefrig = 0.36 N•m 1 lbf x in = 1 ozf x in = 1 kgf x m = 0. Section modulus. 1 lbf x ft/sec = 1.19 kJ/(kg•K) Power Unit volume.6 MJ 1 kgf•m/rad = 1.81 J torsion. The computer E format is used to indicate the power of 10 by which the number must be multiplied to obtain the correct value. see Table 2-7. . Multiplication factors shown with an asterisk “*” are exact. others are rounded to the nearest seventh significant digit in accordance with the ANSI SI 10 standard.Conversion Factors (ACCURATE) Accurate conversion factors are shown in Table 17-3. For examples of how to use the E format. TABLE 17-3 CONVERSION FACTORS (ACCURATE) (ANSI SI 10) To convert from to Multiply by abampere abcoulomb abfarad abhenry abmho abohm abvolt acre foot (USA survey) acre (USA survey) ampere hour are (dam2) angstrom astronomical unit atmosphere (standard) atmosphere (technical = 1 kgf/cm2) ampere(A) coulomb (C) farad (F) henry (H) siemens (S) ohm (Ω) volt (V) meter3 (m3) meter2 (m2) coulomb (C) meter2 (m2) meter (m) meter (m) pascal (Pa) pascal (Pa) 1.000 000*E+01 1.000 000*E+01 1.000 000*E+09 1.000 000*E-09 1.000 000*E+09 1.000 000*E-09 1.000 000*E-08 1.233 5 E+03 4.046 873 E+03 (1) 3.600 000*E+03 1.000 000*E+02 1.000 000*E-10 1.495 979 E+11 (2) 1.013 25*E+05 9.806 65*E+04 bar barn barrel (for petroleum, 42 gal) biot (see also abampere) board foot British thermal unit (International Table) British thermal unit (mean) British thermal unit (thermochemical) British thermal unit (39oF) British thermal unit (59oF) British thermal unit (60oF) Btu (International Table) ft/h•ft2 •oF (k, thermal conductivity) Btu (thermochemical) ft/h•ft2•oF (k, thermal conductivity) Btu (International Table) in/h•ft2•oF (k, thermal conductivity) Btu (thermochemical) in/h•ft2•oF (k, thermal conductivity) Btu (International Table) in/s•ft2 •oF (k, thermal conductivity) Btu (thermochemical) in/s•ft2•oF (k, thermal conductivity) Btu per cubic foot (Btu/ft3) Btu (International Table)/h Btu (thermochemical)/h Btu (thermochemical)/min Btu (International Table)/s Btu (International Table)/ft2 Btu (thermochemical)/ft2 Btu (thermochemical)/ft2 Btu (thermochemical)/ft2•min Btu (thermochemical)/ft2•s Btu (thermochemical)/in2•s Btu (International Table)/h•ft2•oF (C, thermal conductance) pascal (Pa) meter2 (m2) meter3 (m3) ampere (A) meter3 (m3) joule (J) joule (J) joule (J) joule (J) joule (J) joule (J) 1.000 000*E+05 1.000 000*E-28 1.589 873 E-01 1.000 000*E+01 (3) 1.055 056 E+03 (4) 1.055 87 E+03 1.054 350 E+03 1.059 67 E+03 1.054 80 E+03 1.054 68 E+03 watt per meter kelvin (W/m•K) 1.730 735 E+00 (4) watt per meter kelvin (W/m•K) 1.729 577 E+00 (4) watt per meter kelvin (W/m•K) 1.442 279 E-01 (4) watt per meter kelvin (W/m•K) 1.441 314 E-01 (4) watt per meter kelvin (W/m•K) 5.192 204 E+02 (4) watt per meter kelvin (W/m•K) joule per cubic meter (J/m3) watt (W) watt (W) watt (W) watt (W) joule per meter2 (J/m2) joule per meter2 (J/m2) watt per meter2 (W/m2) watt per meter2 (W/m2) watt per meter2 (W/m2) watt per meter2 (W/m2) 5.188 732 E+02 (4) 3.725 895 E+04 (4) 2.930 711 E-01 (4) 2.928 751 E-01 (4) 1.757 250 E+01 (4) 1.054 350 E+03 (4) 1.135 653 E+04 (4) 1.134 893 E+04 (4) 3.152 481 E+00 (4) 1.891 489 E+02 (4) 1.134 893 E+04 (4) 1.634 246 E+06 (4) watt per meter2 kelvin (W/m2•K) 5.678 263 E+00 (4) TABLE 17-3 CONVERSION FACTORS (ACCURATE)(CONT'D) (ANSI SI 10) To convert from Btu (thermochemical)/h•ft2•oF (C, thermal conductance) Btu (International Table)/s•ft2•oF Btu (thermochemical)/s•ft2•oF Btu (International Table)/lb Btu (thermochemical)/lb Btu (International Table)/lb•oF (c, heat capacity) Btu (thermochemical)/lb•oF (c, heat capacity) bushel (USA dry) caliber (inch) calorie (International Table) calorie (mean) calorie (thermochemical) calorie (15oC) calorie (20oC) calorie (kilogram, International Table) calorie (kilogram, mean) calorie (kilogram, thermochemical) cal (thermochemical)/cm2 cal (International Table)/g cal (thermochemical)/g cal (International Table)/g•oC to Multiply by watt per meter2 kelvin (W/m2•K) watt per meter2 kelvin (W/m2•K) watt per meter2 kelvin (W/m2•K) joule per kilogram (J/kg) joule per kilogram (J/kg) 5.674 466 E+00 (4) 2.044 175 E+04 (4) 2.042 808 E+04 (4) 2.326 000*E+03 (4) 2.324 444 E+03 (4) joule per kilogram kelvin(J/kg•K) 4.186 800*E+03 (4) joule per kilogram kelvin(J/kg•K) meter3 (m3) meter (m) joule (J) joule (J) joule (J) joule (J) joule (J) joule (J) joule (J) joule (J) joule per meter2(J/m2) joule per kilogram (J/kg) joule per kilogram (J/kg) joule per kilogram kelvin (J/kg•K) 4.184 000 E+03 (4) 3.523 907 E-02 (5) 2.540 000*E-02 4.186 800*E+00 (4) 4.190 02 E+00 (4) 4.184 000*E+00 (4) 4.185 80 E+00 (4) 4.181 90 E+00 (4) 4.186 800*E+03 (4) 4.190 02 E+03 (4) 4.184 000*E+03 (4) 4.184 000*E+04 (4) 4.186 800*E+03 (4) 4.184 000*E+03 (4) 4.186 800*E+03 (4) cal (thermochemical)/g•oC joule per kilogram kelvin (J/kg•K) 4.184 000*E+03 (4) cal (thermochemical)/min cal (thermochemical)/s cal (thermochemical)/cm2•min cal (thermochemical)/cm2•s cal (thermochemical)/cm•s•oC carat (metric) centimeter of mercury (0oC) centimeter of water (4oC) centipoise centistokes circular mil clo cup curie day (mean solar) day (sidereal) degree (angle) degree Celsius degree centigrade degree Fahrenheit degree Fahrenheit degree Rankine o F•h•ft2/Btu (International Table) (R, thermal resistance) o F•h•ft2/Btu (thermochemical) (R, thermal resistance) watt (W) watt (W) watt per meter2 (W/m2) watt per meter2 (W/m2) watt per meter kelvin (W/m•K) kilogram (kg) pascal (Pa) pascal (Pa) pascal second (Pa•s) meter2 per second (m2/s) meter2 (m2) kelvin meter2 per watt (K•m2/W) meter3 (m3) becquerel (Bq) seconds (s) seconds (s) radian (rad) kelvin (K) 6.973 333 E-02 (4) 4.184 000*E+00 (4) 6.973 333 E+02 (4) 4.184 000*E+04 (4) 4.184 000*E+02 (4) 2.000 000*E-04 1.333 22 E+03 9.806 38 E+01 1.000 000*E-03 1.000 000*E-06 5.067 075 E-10 2.003 712 E-01 2.365 882 E-04 3.700 000*E+10 8.640 000 E+04 8.616 409 E+04 1.745 329 E-02 tK = tC + 273.15 degree Celsius kelvin (K) kelvin (K) tC = (tF - 32)/1.8 tK = (tF + 459.67)/1.8 tK = tR/1.8 kelvin meter2 per watt (K•m2/W) 1.761 102 E-01 kelvin meter2 per watt (K•m2/W) 1.762 280 E-01 TABLE 17-3 CONVERSION FACTORS (ACCURATE)(CONT'D) (ANSI SI 10) To convert from denier dyne dyne•cm dyne/cm2 electronvolt EMU of capacitance EMU of current EMU of electric potential EMU of inductance EMU of resistance ESU of capacitance ESU of current ESU of electric potential ESU of inductance ESU of resistance erg erg/cm2•s erg/s faraday (based on carbon-12) faraday (chemical) faraday (physical) fathom fermi (femtometer) fluid ounce (USA) foot foot (USA survey)1 foot of water (39.2oF) ft2 ft2/h (thermal diffusivity) ft2/s ft3 (volume; section modulus) ft3/min ft3/s ft4 (moment of section) ft/h ft/min ft/s ft/s2 footcandle footlambert ft•lbf ft•lbf/h ft•lbf/min ft•lbf/s ft•poundal free fall, standard (g) gal gallon (Canadian liquid) gallon (UK liquid) gallon (USA dry) gallon (USA liquid) to kilogram per meter (kg/m) newton(N) newton meter (N•m) pascal (Pa) joule (J) farad (F) ampere(A) volt (V) henry (H) ohm (Ω) farad (F) ampere(A) volt (V) henry (H) ohm (Ω) joule (J) watt per meter2 (W/m2) watt (W) coulomb (C) coulomb (C) coulomb (C) meter (m) meter (m) meter3 (m3) meter (m) meter (m) pascal (Pa) meter2 (m2) meter2 per second (m2/s) meter2 per second (m2/s) meter3 (m3) meter3 per second (m3/s) meter3 per second (m3/s) meter4 (m4) meter per second (m/s) meter per second (m/s) meter per second (m/s) meter per second2 (m/s2) lux (lx) candela per meter2 (cd/m2) joule (J) watt (W) watt (W) watt (W) joule (J) meter per second2 (m/s2) meter per second2 (m/s2) meter3 (m3) meter3 (m3) meter3 (m3) meter3 (m3) Multiply by 1.111 111 E-07 1.000 000*E-05 1.000 000*E-07 1.000 000*E-01 1.602 19 E-19 1.000 000*E+09 1.000 000*E+01 1.000 000*E-08 1.000 000*E-09 1.000 000*E-09 1.112 650 E-12 3.335 6 E-10 2.997 9 E+02 8.987 554 E+11 8.987 554 E+11 1.000 000*E-07 1.000 000*E-03 1.000 000*E-07 9.648 70 E+04 9.649 57 E+04 9.652 19 E+04 1.828 8 E+00 1.000 000*E-15 2.957 353 E-05 3.048 000*E-01 3.048 006 E-01 2.988 98 E+03 9.290 304*E-02 2.580 640*E-05 9.290 304*E-02 2.831 685 E-02 4.719 474 E-04 2.831 685 E-02 8.630 975 E-03 (6) 8.466 667 E-05 5.080 00*E-03 3.048 000*E-01 3.048 000*E-01 1.076 391 E+01 3.426 259 E+00 1.355 818 E+00 3.766 161 E-04 2.259 697 E-02 1.355 818 E+00 4.214 011 E-02 9.806 650*E+00 1.000 000*E-02 4.546 090 E-03 4.546 092 E-03 4.404 884 E-03 3.785 412 E-03 TABLE 17-3 CONVERSION FACTORS (ACCURATE)(CONT'D) (ANSI SI 10) To convert from gal (USA liquid)/day gal (USA liquid)/min gal (USA liquid)/hp•h (SFC.000 000*E-04 7.460 000*E+02 7.731 177 E-07 4.806 650*E+04 kgf•s /m (mass) 2 2 kgf/cm 7.570 796 E-02 6.600 000 E+03 3.806 650*E+01 1.309 020 E-05 meter3 per joule (m3/J) tesla (T) tesla (T) ampere(A) meter3 (m3) meter3 (m3) degree (angular) radian (rad) kilogram (kg) 1. section modulus) in3/min in4 (moment of section) in/s in/s2 kayser kelvin kilocalorie (International Table) kilocalorie (mean) kilocalorie (thermochemical) kilocalorie (thermochemical)/min kilocalorie (thermochemical)/s kilogram-force (kgf) watt (W) watt (W) second (s) second (s) kilogram (kg) kilogram (kg) meter (m) pascal (Pa) pascal (Pa) pascal (Pa) pascal (Pa) meter2 (m2) meter3 (m3) meter3 per second (m3/s) meter4 (m4) meter per second (m/s) meter per second2 (m/s2) 1 per meter (1/m) degree Celsius joule (J) joule (J) joule (J) watt (W) watt (W) newton(N) kgf•m newton meter (N•m) 9.000 000*E-09 1.451 600*E-04 1.2oF) inch of water (60oF) in2 in3 (volume.182 941 E-04 9.457 0 E+02 3.386 38 E+03 3.000 000*E+04 7.186 800*E+03 4.080 235 E+01 4.000 000*E+02 tC = tK .184 000*E+03 9.806 650*E+00 kilogram (kg) 9.540 000*E-02 2.460 43 E+02 7.488 4 E+02 6.381 264 E-08 6.000 000*E-01 1.957 747 E-01 1.973 333 E+01 4.000 000*E-03 1.806 650*E+00 pascal (Pa) 9.540 000*E-02 3.479 891*E-05 kilogram per meter3 (kg/m3) kilogram (kg) kilogram per meter3 (kg/m3) pascal (Pa) meter2 (m2) watt (W) 1.540 000*E-02 1.638 706 E-05 (7) 2.806 650*E+00 .420 654 E-04 1.15 4.590 170 E+03 5.535 924 E+01 2.354 99 E+02 horsepower (water) horsepower (UK) hour (mean solar) hour (sidereal) hundredweight (long) hundredweight (short) inch inch of mercury (32oF) inch of mercury (60oF) inch of water (39.162 314 E-07 (6) 2.190 02 E+03 4.711 806 E-02 1.376 85 E+03 2.000 000*E+03 9.490 82 E+02 2.410 089 E-09 1.184 000*E+03 6.273.456 999 E+02 horsepower (boiler) horsepower (electric) horsepower (metric 75 kgf•m/s) watt (W) watt (W) watt (W) 9. specific fuel consumption) gamma gauss gilbert gill (UK) gill (USA) grad grad grain (1/7000 lb avoirdupois) grain (lb avoirdupois/7000)/gal (USA liquid) gram g/cm3 gram-force/cm2 hectare horsepower (550 ft•lbf/s) to meter3 per second (m3/s) meter3 per second (m3/s) Multiply by 4.809 50 E+03 7. 000 000*E-02 oz (avoirdupois)/gal (UK liquid) oz (avoirdupois)/gal (USA liquid) oz (avoirdupois)/in3 oz (avoirdupois)/ft2 kilogram per meter3 (kg/m3) kilogram per meter3 (kg/m3) kilogram per meter3 (kg/m3) kilogram per meter2 (kg/m2) 6.333 22 E+02 2.000 000*E+00 2.000 000*E-06 2.806 650*E+06 km/h kilopond kW•h kip (1000 lbf) meter per second (m/s) newton(N) joule (J) newton(N) 2.061 552 E-03 .806 650*E+00 3.110 348 E-02 2.183 099 E+03 4.834 952 E-02 3.780 139 E-01 7.589 998 E+06 4.000 000*E-03 (8) 1.144 444 E-01 1/π * E+04 3.000 000*E-08 1.460 55 E+15 1.729 994 E+03 3.908 882 E-04 6.609 3 E+03 1.TABLE 17-3 CONVERSION FACTORS (ACCURATE)(CONT'D) (ANSI SI 10) To convert from kgf/m2 to pascal (Pa) Multiply by 9.853 184*E+03 1.470 400*E-01 1.777 778 E-01 9.841 307 E-05 2.682 240*E+01 1.489 152 E+00 1.540 000*E-05 1.628 000 E+06 7.236 021 E+00 7.609 344*E+00 2.609 344*E+03 1.609 344*E+03 1.957 353 E-05 2.540 000*E-08 1.983 617 E+01 2.184 000*E+04 (1) 9.957 747 E+01 1.589 988 E+06 2.806 650*E+00 kgf/mm2 pascal (Pa) 9.000 000 E+01 5.000 000*E+02 1.852 000*E+03 2.609 347 E+03 1.051 517 E-01 1.852 000*E+03 1.600 000*E+06 4.662 426 E-03 2.894 757 E+06 5.448 222 E+03 kip/in2 (ksi) knot (international) lambert lambert langley league light year liter maxwell mho microinch micron mil mile (international) mile (statute) mile (USA survey)1 mile (international nautical) mile (UK nautical) mile (USA nautical) mi2 (international) mi2 (USA survey)1 mi/h (international) mi/h (international) mi/min (international) mi/s (international) millibar millimeter of mercury (0oC) minute (angle) minute (mean solar) minute (sidereal) month (mean calendar) oersted ohm centimeter ohm circular-mil per foot ounce (avoirdupois) ounce (troy or apothecary) ounce (UK fluid) ounce (USA fluid) ounce-force ozf•in pascal (Pa) meter per second (m/s) candela per meter2 (cd/m2) candela per meter2 (cd/m2) joule per meter2(J/m2) meter (m) meter (m) meter3 (m3) weber (Wb) siemens (S) meter (m) meter (m) meter (m) meter (m) meter (m) meter (m) meter (m) meter (m) meter (m) meter2 (m2) meter2 (m2) meter per second (m/s) kilometer per hour (km/h) meter per second (m/s) meter per second (m/s) pascal (Pa) pascal (Pa) radian (rad) second (s) second (s) second (s) ampere per meter (A/m) ohm meter (Ω•m) ohm millimeter2 per meter (Ω•mm2/m) kilogram (kg) kilogram (kg) meter3 (m3) meter3 (m3) newton(N) newton meter (N•m) 6. 809 768 E_03 1.337 866 E+01 1.788 026 E+01 1.390 575 E-02 3.459 29 E-12 1.129 848 E-01 4.355 818 E+00 5.806 650 E+00 1.535 924 E-01 (9) 3.198 264 E+02 1.977 633 E+01 1.788 026 E+01 1.926 397 E-04 4. specific fuel consumption) lb/in3 lb/min lb/s lb/yd3 poundal poundal/ft2 poundal•s/ft2 pound-force (lbf) lbf•ft lbf•ft/in lbf•in lbf•in/in lbf•s/ft2 lbf/ft lbf/ft2 lbf/in lbf/in2 (psi) lbf/lb (thrust/weight [mass] ratio) quart (USA dry) quart (USA liquid) Multiply by 3.000 000*E+04 4.259 979 E-04 1.601 846 E+01 9.932 764 E-01 1.382 550 E-01 1.TABLE 17-3 CONVERSION FACTORS (ACCURATE)(CONT'D) (ANSI SI 10) To convert from to oz (avoirdupois)/yd2 parsec2 peck (USA) pennyweight perm (0oC) kilogram per meter2 (kg/m2) meter (m) meter3 (m3) kilogram (kg) kilogram per pascal second meter2 kilogram per pascal second meter2 kilogram per pascal second meter (kg/Pa•s•m) kilogram per pascal second meter (kg/Pa•s•m) lumen per meter2 (lm/m2) meter (m) meter3 (m3) meter3 (m3) meter (m) pascal second (Pa•s) kilogram (kg) kilogram (kg) kilogram meter2(kg•m2) kilogram meter2(kg•m2) pascal second (Pa•s) pascal second (Pa•s) kilogram per meter2 (kg/m2) kilogram per meter3 (kg/m3) kilogram per meter3 (kg/m3) kilogram per meter3 (kg/m3) kilogram per second (kg/s) o perm (23 C) perm•in (0 C) o perm•in (23 C) o phot pica (printer's) pint (USA dry) pint (USA liquid) point (printer's) poise (absolute viscosity) pound (lb avoirdupois) pound (troy or apothecary) lb•ft2 (moment of inertia) lb•in2 (moment of inertia) lb/ft•h lb/ft•s lb/ft2 lb/ft3 lb/gal (UK liquid) lb/gal (USA liquid) lb/h lb/hp•h (SFC.721 35 E-11 (kg/Pa•s•m2) 5.731 765 E-04 3.745 25 E-11 kilogram per joule (kg/J) kilogram per meter3 (kg/m3) kilogram per second (kg/s) kilogram per second (kg/s) kilogram per meter3 (kg/m3) newton(N) pascal (Pa) pascal second (Pa•s) newton(N) newton meter (N•m) newton meter per meter (N•m/m) newton meter (N•m) newton meter per meter (N•m/m) pascal second (Pa•s) newton per meter (N/m) pascal (Pa) newton per meter (N/m) pascal (Pa) newton per kilogram (N/kg) meter3 (m3) meter3 (m3) 1.463 529 E-04 .448 222 E+00 4.732 417 E-01 4.000 000*E-01 4.767 990 E+04 7.894 757 E+03 9.448 222 E+00 (10) 1.085 678 E+16 8.506 105 E-04 4.459 390 E+01 4.488 164 E+00 1.101 221 E-03 9.488 164 E+00 4.453 22 E-12 1.882 428 E+00 1.214 011 E-02 2.751 268 E+02 6.535 924 E-01 5.555 174 E-03 (kg/Pa•s•m2) 5.488 164 E+00 4.514 598*E-04 1.689 659 E-07 2.559 873 E-03 4.217 518 E-03 5.133 789 E-04 1. 987 554 E+11 2.788 026 E+01 5.335 640 E-10 3.519 958 E-01 8.016 047 E+03 1.516 800 E+03 2.928 922 E-06 1.916 667 E-02 1.478 676 E-05 4.328 939 E+03 1.112 650 E-12 8.000 000*E-02 1.645 549 E-01 1. 2000 lb) ton (long)/yd3 ton (short)/yd3 ton (short)/h ton-force (2000 lbf) to gray (Gy) 1 per pascal second (1/Pa•s) meter (m) coulomb per kilogram (C/kg) radian (rad) second (s) meter2 (m2) second (s) kilogram (kg) pascal second (Pa•s) kilogram per meter3 (kg/m3) ampere(A) coulomb (C) farad (F) henry (H) siemens (S) ohm (Ω) volt (V) meter3 (m3) candela per meter2 (cd/m2) meter2 per second (m2/s) meter3 (m3) meter3 (m3) kilogram per meter (kg/m) joule (J) kilogram (kg) kilogram (kg) kilogram (kg) joule (J) watt (W) meter3 (m3) kilogram (kg) kilogram per meter3 (kg/m3) kilogram per meter3 (kg/m3) kilogram per second (kg/s) newton(N) Multiply by 1.000 000*E+04 1.550 003 E+03 9.153 788 E+02 3.274 258 E-02 3.184 E+09 (11) 3.000 000*E-06 1.335 640 E-10 1.155 815 E+07 3. 2240 lb) ton (metric.071 847 E+02 1.972 696 E-01 (1) 1.000 000*E+01 (1) 2.186 553 E+03 2. 0oC) township unit pole W •h W •s W/cm2 W/in2 yard yd2 yd3 yd3/min year (calendar) year (sidereal) year (tropical) kilogram (kg) pascal (Pa) meter2 (m2) weber (Wb) joule (J) joule (J) watt per meter2 (W/m2) watt per meter2 (W/m2) meter (m) meter2 (m2) meter3 (m3) meter3 per second (m3/s) second (s) second (s) second (s) 1.600 000*E+03 1.361 274 E-01 7.459 390 E+01 4.831 685 E+00 9.153 600 E+07 3.848 137 E-06 9.000 000*E-04 1.333 22 E+02 (1) 1.000 000*E+00 1.000 000*E-08 1.144 000*E-01 8.155 693 E+07 .000 000*E+04 1.000 000*E+00 1.000 000*E+03 1.112 650 E-12 8.TABLE 17-3 CONVERSION FACTORS (ACCURATE)(CONT'D) (ANSI SI 10) To convert from rad (radiation dose absorbed) rhe rod roentgen second (angle) second (sidereal) section shake slug slug/ft•s slug/ft3 statampere statcoulomb statfarad stathenry statmho statohm statvolt stere stilb stokes (kinematic viscosity) tablespoon teaspoon tex therm ton (assay) ton (long.987 554 E+11 1.896 444 E+03 tonne torr (mm Hg.055 056 E+08 2.58 E-04 4.256 637 E-07 3.997 925 E+02 1.000 000*E+03 4. Mg) ton (nuclear equivalent of TNT) ton (refrigeration) ton (register) ton (short. etc. Calculation of the number of board feet in a piece of lumber is based on the nominal dimension of the cross section.In 1964 the General Conference on Weight and Measures adopted the name liter for the cubic decimeter. July 1956) defined the calorie (International Table) as 4. 5. or condition of the commodity. 11. 1. 10.” The so-called “calorie” (or Calorie) used in the field of nutrition is in fact a kilocalorie.2 kg wheat 27. which changed its length from 3600/3937 m to 0. At the same time it was decided that any data in feet derived from and published as a result of geodetic surveys within the USA would remain with the old standard (1 ft = 1200/3937 m) until further decision.The exact conversion factor is 4.Since 1893 the USA basis for length measurement has been derived from metric standards. The value requires updating in NBS 330. which has been widely used in scientific work.535 923 7 E-01. shelled 25.1868 J. Various kilocalories have often been used.The exact conversion factor is 1. rather than the international foot.350 J o 1059. tightness of pack.2 kg 6. No conversion factor is given for board foot because the board foot is not a well-defined unit of volume.000 028 dm ) and in expression of precision volume measurement this fact must be kept in mind.448 221 615 260 5 E+00. The Fifth International Conference on the Properties of Steam (London. 8.190 02 J 4.NOTES: 1.80 J British thermal unit (59 oF) 1054.This is sometimes called the moment of inertia of a plain section about a specified axis.638 706 4 E-05.4 kg oats 14.5 kg potatoes 27. 9.181 90 J calorie (20 oC) The International Table calorie has been frequently used in European engineering work. The result in the new value being shorter by two parts in a million. All the conversion factors in this table for units referenced to this footnote are based on the USA survey foot.87 J British thermal unit (thermochemical) 1054.185 80 J calorie (15 oC) 4.2 kg soybeans 27. The following conversion factors for one bushel are used by the USA Department of Agriculture for statistical purposes: barley 21. Therefore the exact conversion factor for the Btu (International Table) is 1. 4. Other calories that have been seen practical application include the following: calorie (International Table) 4. defined as 4. Conversion factors for the land measures given below may be determined from the following relationships: 1 league = 3 miles (exactly) 1 rod = 16½ feet (exactly) 1 section = 1 square mile (exactly) 1 township = 36 square miles (exactly) 2. This foot is named the USA survey foot.68 J British thermal unit (60 oF) The calorie used in these tables is the thermochemical calorie.186 8 J (by definition) calorie (mean) 4.184 J exactly. . 3.The exact conversion factor is 4.The British thermal unit used in these tables is the International Table Btu. size.8 kg corn. degree in which the container is heaped.67 J British thermal unit (39 F) 1054.Defined (not measured) value. 7.055 055 852 62 kJ.Agricultural are sold by the bushel in the USA. The mass per unit volume of such products varies considerably owing to differences in variety.9144 m exactly. sometimes being called “kilogram-calories. Prior to this 3 decision the liter differed slightly (previous value. This value conflicts with the value printed in NBS 330. In 1959 a small refinement was made in the definition of the yard to resolve discrepancies both in this country and abroad. Other conversion factors for the Btu include the following: British thermal unit (mean) 1055. As a result the USA land measurements in USA customary units will relate to the meter by the old standard. would be 8. : For everyday rounding of metric values obtained by converting untoleranced inch-pound values. (c) Multiply the inch-pound value by the conversion factor. deviation: The algebraic difference between a size and the corresponding basic (nominal) size. Engineering specification and drawing conversion.438 m. digit: One of the ten numerals (0 to 9) in the decimal number system. first express it in terms of the smaller unit.609 km/mi = 106.3745. Note that units having the same names in other countries may differ in magnitude. (a) If the inch-pound value is expressed by a combination of units such as feet and inches. Conversion of critical limit dimensions may require limits to be rounded inwards or maximum size rounded down and minimum size rounded up if existing specified limits must be maintained. 5. the tolerance is the algebraic difference between the maximum and minimum limits. 6. which rounds to 18 km. This concept includes the systematic error of an operation. 3.609 km/mi = 17. tolerance: The amount by which the value of a quantity is allowed to vary. or slot. tab.895 kPa/psi = 179. according to Rule (c). figure (numerical): An arithmetic value expressed by one or more digits. thus. namely their repeatability and reproducibility.375.27 kPa. *One or more zeros at the beginning of a number are not called “significant”. 26 pounds per square inch air pressure in a tire would be converted as follows: Example: 26 psi* x 6.194 km.Conversion and Rounding Guide Definitions A clear understanding of the terms used in this design standard will help ensure reliable conversion and rounding practices. nominal value (basic size): A value assigned for designation. or the magnitude of such a quantity. which rounds to 179 kPa. 7. such as length or angle. which is seldom negligible or known exactly. 61 mi x 1. Zeros at the end of a number are not considered significant unless their use results in a number that is closer to the true value than would occur if the number were increased or decreased. For example. if rounded to three digits.3048 m/ft = 2. round to one more significant digit. which rounds to 98 km. or pound and ounces. Example: 8. The size to which limits or deviations are assigned. Example: Change 14 ft 5 in to 173 in. accuracy: The degree of conformity of a measured or calculated value to some referenced value. if rounded to four digits. The rule do not apply to conversion of oF to oC scale. See SAE J390 Dual Dimensioning or SAE J916 Rules for SAE use of SI (metric) units. feature: The general term applied to a physical portion of a part. . However. round the metric value to the same number of significant digits as there are in the inch-pound value.609 km/mi = 98. (d) Exceptions: It is sometimes better to round to one less digit than specified above. Examples: 11 mi x 1.37. (b) When the digits to be discarded begin with a 5 or more.149 km. Examples: 66 mi x 1.699 km. If the first significant* digit of the metric value is equal to or larger than the first significant digit of the inch-pound value. These terms and definitions are as follows: 1. See precision. significant digits: Any digits in a number that is necessary to define a numerical value. which rounds to 2. 8 ft x 0. increase the last digit retained by one unit. which rounds to 106 km. see ANSI SI 10 or referenced SAE standards. which may be specified or unknown. 4. 8. customary. 11. for more sophisticated rounding rules. 10. pin. See accuracy. such as a surface. 180 kPa – where the zero is not a significant digit – usually would be better. inch-pound (inch. 8. It is more precise to convert limits rather than nominal size and tolerance where conversion errors accumulate. 2. 2 *psi is the abbreviation for pound-force per square inch (lbf/in ). 9. the following simplified rules are suggested. If smaller. dimension: A geometric element in a design. hole.4 m. precision: The degree of mutual agreement between individual measurements. or imperial) units: Units based on the yard and the pound commonly used in NA and defined by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. because tire pressures typically are not precise. the rounding must be in a direction that does not violate the original limit.4 m. Where an inch-pound value represents a maximum or minimum limit that must be respected.(e) These simplified rules do not eliminate the necessity for using good judgment.438 m. conversion factors . RELATED ISO STANDARDS TC 12 Quantities. symbols. The rounded dimension then would be 2. instead of 2. If you believe that a dimension given as 8 ft is valid to the nearest 1/10 inch. units. you should consider it to mean 96.0 inches [per(a)] and treat it as having three significant digits. 13M ANSI/ASME B1. 194 153.1 603. 243.15 603 229. 288 ANSI/ASME B29.17 603 202. 19 ANSI INDEX Page Standard Page ANSI/ASME B1.2. 360 ANSI/ASME B29. 649 ISO 657-15 ISO 657-16 ISO 657-18 ISO 657-19 ISO 657-21 ISO 657-1-up ISO 666 730 . 18 American gear standards. 617. 331* Break mandrel closed end blind rivets. 652. address of. 359 593 649 649 ISO 657-11 ISO 657-13 ISO 657-14 454*. 254*.5.7M 194 ANSI/ASME B1. 653 American National Accreditation Program for Registrar of British gear standards. 532 532 ISO 8 ISO 9 ISO 14 ISO 15 ISO 17 ISO 18 ISO 22 ISO 31-0-up ISO 53 ISO 54 ISO 68-1 67 67 628*. 623-626 AISI. 532 ISO 7-2 194 ISO 255 648 ISO 657-5 443*. 194. 243. 254*.5M ANSI/ASME B29. 532 448-449*. 255* Break mandrel blind rivets. 288*. 78*.5. 193. 605 229. 333*. 253*.2. 79*.3. 194 151. 532 68 68 193. 81 69 Standard ISO 251 ISO 252 ISO 252-1 Page 649 649 649 Standard ISO 642 ISO 643 ISO 657-1 Page 535 535 442*. 268*. 532 457*.12 603.19 605 ISO INDEX Standard ISO 1 ISO 3 ISO 4 Page 70 75*. 655 BSI. 255*.2 Standard 171 ANSI/ASME B18.1 ANSI/ASME B18. hexagon head. address of. See page 806 for notes to this Index. 228. 161* 193. 172. 18 Carbide inserts and tool holders. 19 catalog. 169. 721 CCPA. 753 ANMC.7 171 ANSI/ASME B18. 360 ANSI/ASME B29. indexable throwaway.5. 170.4 604 ANSI/ASME B1. 229. 604 ANSI/ASME B1. address of.3.3M 194 ANSI/ASME B18. 360 ANSI/ASME B29. 163.Chapter 18 GENERAL INDEX AFBMA. 589 Quality Systems. 269*.3M ANSI/ASME B18. 532 414-417* 421-422* 426-427*. 360 200. 19 Buckingham equations for gearing. 152. 624 Bushings. address of. 267*. 18 CDA. 652. address of. 532 449*. 360 198.3 604 ANSI/ASME B1. address of. see ANAPRQS Cap screws. 194 ISO 259 ISO 259-2 ISO 261 ISO 262 ISO 263 ISO 272 ISO 273 ISO 281 ISO 282 ISO 283 ISO 68-2 193 ISO 284 NOTE: *Dimension Table.10 170.16M ANSI/ASME B18. self-aligning. address of. 326. 21 CEE. 648 592 81 67 648 44 612*. 360 ANSI/ASME B29. 532 ISO 7-1 194 ISO 254 648 ISO 657-2 444-445*. 164 165-168*. 194 193 356 229*.228.8 603 197 ANSI/ASME B29. 360 ANSI/ASME B29. 650 650 162*. 18 AFNOR. 653 rating formulas. 18 round head square neck. 279. 172174 ANSI/ASME B1. 532 410-411*. 243. 253*. 532 455*.6. 335* gear standards.10 603 197. 232 169. 170 171. ANSI/ASME B29. 327.4M ANSI/ASME B29.3M 243. address of.2.5. 282* ANAPRQS. 532 456*.2M ANSI/ASME B18. address of. 19 ANSI.6M 171 ANSI/ASME B18.3. 329*. 18 AGMA. 286*. 654.4 Standard Page 287*.1 M ANSI/ASME B18. address of. see ANSI socket head.3. 262* American National Standards Institute.6M 243.2 606 ANSI/ASME B1.
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