Methanol top level.pdf

Activate your potentialDelivering world class methanol plant performance Information contained in this publication or as otherwise supplied to Users is believed to be accurate and correct at time of going to press, and is given in good faith, but it is for the User to satisfy itself of the suitability of the Product for its own particular purpose. Johnson Matthey plc (JM) gives no warranty as the fitness of the Product for any particular purpose and any implied warranty or condition (statutory or otherwise) is excluded except to the extent that exclusion is prevented by law. JM accepts no liability for loss or damage (other than that arising from death or personal injury caused by JM’s negligence or by a defective Product, if proved), resulting from reliance on this information. Freedom under Patent, Copyright and Designs cannot be assumed. © 201 1 Johnson Matthey Group more selective and more robust. The selection of catalyst and technology is just the start of the process. The methanol industry as we know it today is based almost entirely around the technology and catalysts developed and commercialized by ICI in the late 1960s. Within the methanol industry. then more recently in the manufacture of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). Since that time. Johnson Matthey Catalysts (having acquired the ICI catalyst business and then Davy Process Technology) has invested enormous resources in R&D to ensure that the technology has adapted to meet our customers’ needs. now methanol is being seen as a product that can be introduced directly into the gasoline pool by blending. This allows indigenous resources to be used and provides a diversity of supply that can help to reduce dependence on crude oil. methanol has been used primarily as a chemical intermediate in manufacturing plastics and resins. longest run time and the best value for money. We seek to develop close working relationships with all users of our catalysts to gain a good understanding of your operations. The overall impact of Johnson Matthey’s new catalysts and technology can be to improve methanol plant costs by millions of dollars every year. which ensures that Johnson Matthey Catalysts understands your needs as a plant operator better than any other catalyst or technology provider. . This allows our engineers to provide the best advice on the operation of the catalysts within the methanol process. Johnson Matthey Catalysts is seen as the world leader with the greatest depth and breadth of knowledge. to give you the highest plant rates. KATALCOJMTM methanol catalysts are more active. Our applications know-how and services enable the best performance to be achieved from these products. It has been further underpinned by operating experience in the methanol plants formerly operated by ICI. We have on-going development programmes producing new and better catalysts and improving the process technology for the methanol industry. This position has been developed through a combination of its own technology and catalyst development efforts alongside the experience gained from the large number of plants that use them. Our focus is on delivering the best plant performance in the world. However.KATALCOJM a commitment to excellence For many years. In addition through our range of PURASPECJMTM catalysts and absorbents we can provide mercury removal down to ppb levels. including prereforming and methanol synthesis catalysts. which combines the functionality of organic sulphur conversion.HDS 3-in-1 sulphur removal Chloride removal Zinc oxide based H2S removal absorbent Ultrapurification Syngas purification Johnson Matthey Catalysts offers our range of KATALCOJM purification absorbents and catalysts. upstream of methanol synthesis. . we can again offer KATALCOJM and PURAPECJM purification solutions to remove impurities such as chloride and sulphur after the RECTISOLTM or SELEXOLTM acid gas removal system. KATALCOJM 33-1 is the latest addition to our purification range. low temperature H2S removal absorbents and ultrapurification down to ppb levels of sulphur to protect even the most sensitive of downstream catalysts. For methanol plants using a coal feedstock and gasification technology. and low level sulphur polishing (ultrapurification) in a single product. It is a 3-in-1 total sulphur removal product. which ensures optimized systems for meeting individual plant requirements. The versatility of KATALCOJM 33-1 allows it to be deployed in methanol plants in numerous ways. as a single product or in conjunction with conventional purification products.Purification feed and syngas PURASPECjm 1 156 KATALCOJM 61-1T KATALCOJM 33-1 KATALCOJM 59-3 KATALCOJM 32-4/ 32-5 PURASPECJM 2084 PURASPECJM 2020 Mercury removal absorbent Organic sulphur removal . high capacity sulphur removal. Conventional purification catalyst loading Simplified catalyst loading with KATALCOJM 33-1 .Further savings are also realised from the much easier loading and discharging. no requirement for pre-sulphiding of the HDS catalyst or reduction of the ultrapurification catalyst. by transferring the maximum amount of reforming duty into the pre-reformer. CRG LHR is available in two distinctive shapes.Pre-forming catalysts CRG LHR CRG LHCR Johnson Matthey Catalysts has been associated with pre-reforming catalysts since the 1960s and together with Davy Process Technology offers the CRG series of catalysts which have been demonstrated to be the most active and robust commercially available products. the use of high pre-reformer inlet temperatures allows the maximum amount of heat recovery from the steam reformer flue duct giving an economic benefit through improved thermal efficiency of the process. is available as a special order. operating on natural gas feeds. However. CRG LHR is a precipitated catalyst with nickel as the active component. which cannot be attained with many other catalysts. The catalyst is supplied in the pre-reduced and stabilized form. This allows the maximum amount of heat recovery from the steam reformer flue duct and hence increases the economic benefits that can be obtained from the pre-reformer. CRG LH. the unique microcloverleaf shape. where pressure drop must be minimized. In methanol plants. The exceptionally high geometric surface area that is produced by the small standard cylindrical pellet delivers outstanding catalytic activity and allows the construction of relatively small pre-reforming reactors. CRG LHR pre-reforming catalyst is specially formulated to deliver good performance at high pre-reformer inlet temperatures (>500°C). In addition. the size of the primary reformer is reduced which results in a lower capital cost. . The oxidized form. CRG LHCR provides low pressure drop characteristics in combination with high pre-reforming activity. Johnson Matthey CFD modelling quickly showed that the coil would work as designed. .Johnson Matthey Catalysts offered the most effective combination of CRG LHCR catalyst supply and engineering capability to deliver a 15% increase in capacity and a 5% reduction in energy consumption. An element of engineering capability used was CFD. as the new pre-reformer reheat coil needed to be installed within an existing convection section. adjacent to a 90° bend in the fluegas duct. 23-series and 57-series catalysts. The resulting high activity. For naphtha feedstocks Johnson Matthey also manufactures KATALCOJM 46-series. KATALCOJM catalysts are unique with the ability to reform efficiently the full range of feedstocks from light natural gases and refinery off-gases right up to naphthas. heat transfer and low pressure drop gives a combination of lower methane slip. The alkali prevents carbon formation in the upper part of highly stressed reformers where the heat fluxes are high and especially when the feedstock contains heavier hydrocarbons. In this critical operating unit in the methanol production train. KATALCOJM 23-series: This catalyst is nickel oxide on an alpha alumina support. Our QUADRALOBE TM catalyst range employs a carefully designed shaped support offering high surface area and high voidage with excellent heat transfer performance. Johnson Matthey Catalysts will make detailed recommendations based upon your individual operating conditions ensuring reliable optimal performance of your reformer. Johnson Matthey reforming catalysts are made in a range of sizes. the KATALCOJM combination of catalysts and services ensures optimal operation at all times. allowing optimum reformer loading for each individual plant. KATALCOJM 57-series: This catalyst is nickel oxide on a calcium aluminate support. . high throughput and longer tube lives for methanol plant reformers. Johnson Matthey manufactures three main catalysts for use in steam reformers using a natural gas feedstock: KATALCOJM 25-series.Steam reforming KATALCOJM 23-4 series KATALCOJM 57-4 series KATALCOJM 25-4 series Nickel oxide on alpha alumina Nickel oxide on calcium aluminate Lightly alkalized version of 57-4 series KATALCOJM 25-series: This is a lightly alkalized nickel oxide on a calcium aluminate support. Selecting the right catalyst for your application is essential for good reformer performance. while retaining the high activity of gas reforming catalysts. . Other reforming services from Johnson Matthey Catalysts include: • UNIDENSETM reformer loading technique • LOTIS TM laser optical tube inspection system • reformer surveys and operational audits • catalyst tube temperature measurement • managing the life cycle of reformer catalyst tubes • reformer consultancy • pressure drop measurement • combustion systems advice. we can determine the full impact of changing reformer conditions within a complete plant flowsheet. Results are immediately available allowing rapid assessment of variations in conditions. By using HYSYS. which includes our PRIMARY reformer model. We optimize each application using our world-leading modelling capability and support the operation of your reformers with a wide range of services including process consultancy. mechanical design consultancy and other engineering services that are used to help solve customer problems. This is typically used for: • revamp studies and revamp implementation • re-tube studies • reformer surveys • operational audits. Reformer modelling expertise is one of our key skills.Reformer services Through KATALCOJM PERFORMANCE we want you to get the most from our catalysts. a combination that can lead to unacceptably fast volatilisation of alumina and the problems associated with this and its subsequent condensation. pressure drop and high temperature stability for your application. KATALCOJM 89-6 is a catalyst designed for use in the top of autothermal reformers where the temperature and steam partial pressure is high. Johnson Matthey Catalysts combines sophisticated Computational Fluid Dynamic techniques and process modelling. calibrated against data generated from its Syngas Generation (SGG) pilot plant. These catalysts give you high stability and high activity allowing Johnson Matthey to offer you the best mix of activity.Autothermal reforming KATALCOJM 23-8 series KATALCOJM 28-4 series KATALCOJM 54-8 series The mechanical and physical requirements of an oxygen blown secondary are the most arduous in the plant. to ensure the best performance from its state of the art range of catalysts. KATALCOJM 54-8 series is nickel on calcium aluminate. Johnson Matthey Catalysts and Davy Process Technology offer reactor technology including a proven burner design. This catalyst utilizes a refractory metal as the active component on a stabilized high temperature ceramic support. . KATALCOJM 23-series and 28-series is nickel on alumina catalyst which gives you high stability and high activity. We have also combined our catalysis. CFD and mechanical design skills to resolve autothermal reformer and transfer main “hot spot” problems. We have the right combination of expertise and practical experience to help our customers determine the cause of any under performance and develop reliable systems.Autothermal reformer services The performance of an autothermal reformer is related not just to the catalyst performance but also the burner and the mixing space above the catalyst bed as well as the integrity of the refractory lining system of the reformer. Ruby formation . An example of this is our delivering improved plant reliability to autothermal reformers which have suffered from increased pressure drop due to ruby formation. Our understanding of the issue allowed us to apply leading catalysts such as KATALCOJM 89-6Q to solve the problems eliminating ruby formation and pressure drop increase. leading to hot spots. which has been well proven in methanol applications downstream of several different types of gasifier. These catalysts are particularly robust and can withstand sharp temperature changes. high steam partial pressure and the effect of contamination from impurities in the raw gas. and it will require the use of a sulphur tolerant shift catalyst. Johnson Matthey Catalysts is the world’s leading supplier of sour shift catalysts with the KATALCOJM K8-1 1 series of products. including the appropriate number of reaction stages. Johnson Matthey Catalysts is able to provide a sour shift catalyst customised for radial flow applications (KATALCOJM K8-1 1R) along with proven designs of internals for radial flow reactors. the raw syngas will have a high CO content and. steam requirements and heat recovery options. so reducing installed plant cost. Depending on the feed and process configuration. Johnson Matthey’s experience in the application of sour shift catalyst downstream of gasifiers puts us in an ideal position to provide advice on the optimum system configuration. Other variants of this standard catalyst are available to meet specific client requirements which may place greater emphasis on pressure drop or low-temperature activity. the use of radial flow reactors may allow the use of a single reactor instead of multiple parallel axial reactors. The standard catalyst for sour shift is KATALCOJM K8-1 1. the use of bypasses. An example of this is KATALCOJM K8-1 1HA which uses a geometric shape with higher external surface but which creates a higher packed voidage and thus a lower pressure drop. This gas needs to be shifted and the excess CO2 removed to achieve the desired hydrogen to carbon oxides ratio.Sour shift KATALCOjm K8-1 1 KATALCOjm K81 1 HA The production of syngas using gasification or partial oxidation differs considerably from that using catalytic steam reforming. For instance. . it is likely that it will also have high sulphur content. at large plant capacities. .applications means optimum system configurations for our customers. strength and selectivity. but some charges have been in operation for more than 8 years. KATALCOJM 51-1 was the first three-component methanol synthesis catalyst comprising zinc oxide and alumina as the support with copper as the active catalytic component. KATALCOJM 51-1 and the LPM process revolutionised synthetic methanol production in the 1960s and have provided the majority of the world’s production ever since that time.Methanol synthesis catalysts KATALCOJM 51-7 KATALCOJM 51-8 KATALCOJM 51-8PPT KATALCOJM 51-9 KATALCOJM 51-9S The KATALCOJM 51-series of catalysts is key to the methanol technologies offered by Johnson Matthey and Davy Process Technology. The latest in this series. KATALCOJM 51-9S. is particularly suited to highly stressed duties with its activity. selectivity and stability. The high activity and stability of KATALCOJM 51-series catalysts means that typically a charge lasts between four and six years. so ensuring ever more efficient operation whatever the source of syngas. These technologies currently account for an annual production capacity of over 30 million tonnes of methanol. Their strength enables them to withstand the rigors of this extended operation and as a result they show little change in pressure drop and are easily discharged at the end of life. . Successive generations of KATALCOJM 51-series catalysts have been developed to give increasing activity. and giving increased plant efficiency. state-of-the-art catalyst manufacturing plant in Clitheroe. ta lys tc ha n ge s Strongest product available Slowest deactivation eo rat est Low . Until now that is. An activation step is still required. all but eliminating the time-consuming reduction that is required for conventional methanol synthesis catalysts.KATALCOJM APICO methanol synthesis KATALCOJM APICO 51-100 Ever since ICI turned synthetic methanol manufacture on its head with the introduction the first copper-based methanol synthesis catalyst and the LPM process. the catalyst offers: • • • • excellent start-of-life activity to maximise production following a change of catalyst much higher thermal stability resulting in unparalleled end-of-life activity. which represents the biggest single leap forward. by using KATALCOJM APICO 51-100. the KATALCOJM APICO TM range. so increasing output by reducing waste in distillation industry-leading strength so that the catalyst can operate longer and maintain physical integrity during loading. me Most thanol productio n em or M Least by-products ano et h Fastest start up l an d imp Pre-reduced catalyst Highest activity roved efficiency fp res su re dro p in creas e a tc es ew f d s an t live Longes But the most significant change is that the catalyst is pre-reduced and stabilised. catalysts have continued to develop organically. or a combination of the two to maximise plant production and profitability vastly improved selectivity with by-product formation at half the level of the best current generation catalyst. operation and discharge. Lancashire. but your plant will be manufacturing more methanol sooner. Made on a new. bigger than the sum of all the incremental improvements over the last 40 years. and for longer. Johnson Matthey has introduced its new methanol synthesis catalyst. extended (doubled) life. • Autothermal reformers (ATR) Johnson Matthey Catalysts’ 30+ years of experience was gained on air and oxygen blown ATRs including the Coogee LCM plant in Australia. Our unique design of ATR has proven its reliability and durability over many years in both oxygen and air fired service. Syngas generation technologies With the wide range of expertise available within Davy Process Technology and Johnson Matthey Catalysts. Whether a client wants large or small capacity in high or low cost gas areas. and represents the benchmark for future technology development in this field. catalyst and refractory support arch. this plant started up in 2005. . Use of the Johnson Matthey Catalysts LPM technology has increased steadily over the years and is the preferred methanol production technology. to build on a ship that will access gas from remote fields.Leading edge syngas technologies Johnson Matthey Catalysts and Davy Process Technology Since the acquisition of Davy Process Technology by Johnson Matthey in 2006. deliver long term trouble-free performance.000 tpd of methanol from a single SMR. the technology exists within Johnson Matthey Catalysts and Davy Process Technology to meet these requirements. with its unrivalled reliability and on-stream factor. Our complementary skills and capabilities allow us to provide: • world-class technology • high performance catalysts • conceptual design and licensing • basic and detailed engineering • commissioning and start-up • on-going operational support. or to use syngas generated from coal as a feedstock. conventional SMRs have been undergoing a continual process of improvement. All elements from the burner and distribution system. produces 5. The largest methanol plant in the world based on natural gas is the Methanol Holdings (Trinidad) Limited M5000 plant. M5000 reformer • Steam methane reformers (SMRs) While this technology has been around for a long time. Johnson Matthey Catalysts and Davy Process Technology offer the technology most suited to customer requirements. through to the refractory lining. Based on LPM technology. we now have the most extensive portfolio of catalysts and technologies for syngas preparation and methanol production. our portfolio of syngas generation technologies is extensive. in 1994 (the Coogee LCM plant). The use of gas turbines. The technology stretches the maximum capacity upwards. This combination of steam and autothermal reforming can yield an ideal stoichiometric gas for methanol production. with three units coming into operation followed by the first methanol application Like the Compact Reformer.• Combined reforming Combined reforming incorporates the steam methane reforming process and the ATR. The technology is particularly applicable for use on large capacity plants using light natural gas. with capacities in excess of 10. for example. Around 40% of the reforming duty is carried out by the SMR. . Compact Reformer in Alaska Coogee LCM Plant in Australia • Combined reforming with Gas heated reforming (GHR) The GHR is a heat exchanger with catalyst inside the tubes and was originally developed by ICI in the 1980s for use in the ammonia industry. the GHR generates little steam and decouples the power system from the process.000 tpd being possible with a single SMR the size of the M5000 reformer and a single ATR. so plant designers can choose something other than steam turbines to drive rotating equipment. can give further efficiency benefits. reducing gas consumption and CO2 emissions. while the balance is carried out in the ATR. • Combined reforming with SMR Combined reforming with an SMR is a way of getting beyond the limitations imposed on plant capacity by the SMR alone. Used in a combined reforming process the outlet from an ATR feeds the shell side of the GHR and is forced to flow counter-currently to the feed natural gas and steam flowing inside the tubes. To date. there is over 50 operating years of experience in four industrial scale units. It is the most energy efficient process available with the lowest CO2 emissions and water make up rate. Two versions of this concept have quite different features. methanol synthesis and distillation. and can work with the licensors of the gasification technologies to deliver an integrated coal to methanol production facility . in combination with sour shift. can be readily used to generate syngas for methanol synthesis. Coal gasification Coal gasification is an established technology which. this device significantly increases the process intensity. but the primary heat transfer mechanism is by convection rather than radiation. Johnson Matthey Catalysts and Davy Process Technology have catalysts and technologies in sour shift. The technology is particularly suited to offshore use or remote locations where transportation and/or site construction are difficult. of course. The Compact Reformer is a preassemble modular device that is less than a quarter of the weight and size of a conventional reformer. purification and.• Compact Reformer The Compact Reformer is similar to a conventional reformer in that the chemistry is the same. However. acid gas removal and syngas purification. Shenhua methanol synthesis • Axial flow steam raising converter The axial flow steam raising converter is a different design in which the catalyst is contained within the tubes with boiling water on the outside. The reaction temperature is controlled by varying the steam pressure inside tubes embedded in the catalyst bed. removing the heat generated by the reaction before returning to the steam drum. This tends to limit the use of this type of reactor to those applications where its high heat transfer performance is required. e.g. The gas then flows radially out through the catalyst bed.. and flows upwards through the tubes where it is partially vaporized. The reactor does however require thick tube sheets that limits the maximum capacity of the reactor to around 1. Fresh feed gas enters at the bottom of the reactor and is preheated as it flows upwards through tubes in the catalyst bed. As for the radial reactor. This arrangement gives excellent cooling of the catalyst bed and allows steam to be generated at the maximum possible pressure without overheating the catalyst. Operated in this manner the reactor achieves good catalyst utilization. • Tube cooled converter The tube cooled converter is a simple reactor which uses the feed gas to the reactor to control the temperatures in the catalyst bed. • The heat of reaction is removed by counter-current exchange with feed gas which results in a temperature profile that approximates to the maximum rate curve. in certain coal gasification based flowsheets.500 tpd and requires a large number of tubes to accommodate that catalyst.Leading edge methanol technologies Johnson Matthey Catalysts and Davy Process Technology Methanol synthesis technologies A number of reactor designs and synthesis flowsheet arrangements for methanol production can be utilized. In the DPT design. Radial flow steam raising converter This steam raising converter is a radial flow reactor with catalyst outside and steam inside the tubes. fresh feed gas enters at the bottom of the reactor and into a central perforated-wall distributor pipe. Water from a steam drum enters at the bottom of the vessel. . The heated feed gas leaves the top of the tubes and flows down through the catalyst bed where the reaction takes place. the reaction temperature is controlled by varying the steam pressure. The threecolumn system uses the least heat so is preferred where energy costs are high or the heat for distillation is not readily available.Distillation technologies Dependent on the grade of methanol required. It is also important that catalyst and new technology developments keep pace with one another to ensure that the process can operate at its optimum efficiency and maintain or increase the time between plant turnarounds. a two or three column refining system is used. We continue to drive the improvement of our processes and to develop new ones that will continue to lower the installed cost. To produce refined methanol for chemical or fuel usage. only a single column is required to remove the dissolved gases and some of the light byproducts. for example Federal AA and IMPCA grade methanol. improve efficiency to make better use of the natural resources and minimize the impact on the environment. To produce DME or MTO-grade methanol. China Blue Chemical Company distillation . there are different options for methanol distillation. Further development The acquisition of Davy Process Technology by Johnson Matthey has created a unique environment in which it has been possible enhance the intimate interaction of catalysts and technology development. New catalysts continue to deliver significant plant improvements. There is close co-operation between the teams involved in fundamental research. UK. Each area has a dedicated team of experienced scientists. and can also deliver a longer life before current end of run conditions are achieved. This ensures that the catalyst we make in the lab is exactly the same as the one supplied from full scale production. The catalysts are then finally proven at commercial scale before being incorporated into the Johnson Matthey Catalysts KATALCOJM and PURASPECJM sales range. benefit directly from the close interaction of chemists and physicists with engineers who have plant operations experience. catalyst manufacture. Every catalyst activity improvement enables a corresponding potential increase in plant rate. Johnson Matthey Catalysts has teams focusing on the catalysts for each plant reactor and targeting performance improvements driven by customers’ requirements. semi-technical units and side-stream reactors specifically designed to simulate accurately the important features of operation in full scale plants.Product realisation: From the laboratory to the plant Catalysts and processes are developed in laboratory reactors. Lower pressure drop options enable plant rate and efficiency improvements. At every point along this process the key performance parameters of the catalyst are tested in our dedicated catalyst testing facilities in Billingham. technology and engineering centre at Billingham. catalyst development. extending the time between costly renewal. Catalyst development is supported by the most modern techniques in applied surface science. For steam reforming catalysts. research. improved heat transfer reduces the temperature of reformer tubes. and synthesis gas production. Research and development activities in Johnson Matthey’s catalysis . This guarantees that the benefits we see in small scale testing are transferred to the customers operating unit. Our new improved catalysts go through a range of validation testing and small scale manufacturing runs as part of the commercialisation process. Better poison pick-ups extend absorbent lives and improve the performance of downstream catalysts. UK. But our view of sustainability extends beyond this. recruitment Safeguard reputation Responsitive operations Beneficial products SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS Health and Safety Governance Well run business Transparent reporting Employees. Achieve a zero ‘greater than three day accidents’ safety target. innovatively and effectively. Halve the key resources we consume per unit of output by 2017. we are managing sustainability according to five elements: • • • • • Social Environment Health and Safety Governance Financial Environment Employment. Our performance against them is presented each year in our Sustainability Report. customers. As we progress towards 2017. Sustainability is about making the right decisions for our people. More than double our earnings per share by 2017. It means using resources efficiently. wellbeing.com Reduce incidence of occupational illness cases by at least 30% by 2013/14. Johnson Matthey has developed a number of key performance indicators (KPIs) to monitor progress towards the Sustainability 2017 targets. . most significant of all. for the planet. striving to achieve the highest environmental standards in our own operations. Achieve zero waste to landfill by 2017. development.matthey.The Elements of Sustainability Sustainability is a core part of our business strategy. communities Beneficial Products Financial Must be profitable to be sustainable Align financial and sustainability targets Achieve carbon neutrality. our shareholders and. It’s also about the health. It is about the way we do business – using natural resources efficiently to make products that improve the environmental performance of our customers’ products and processes. safety and wellbeing of the people who work for us. our communities. making sustainable long-term decisions to build a company and plan its third century of business. our customers and our communities. Find out how we are progressing towards Sustainability 2017 – www. At the same time sustainability is about delivering value to our shareholders and our Social customers in the most responsible way. . com © 201 1 Johnson Matthey Group 633JM/061 1/8/AMOG . produced with 100% ECF (Elemental Chlorine Free) ecological pulp which is fully recyclable biodegradable. pH Neutral. The printers are FSC and ISO 14001 certified with strict procedures in place to safeguard the environment through all processes. heavy metal absence and acid-free.com/offices www. which are non-hazardous and are from renewable sources. SELEXOL is a trademark of UOP. with a water based coating and vegetable based inks. APICO. UK Tel +44 (0) 1642 553601 Other offices worldwide: for contact details please visit www.com KATALCO. RECTISOL is a trademark of Lurgi GmbH.jmcatalysts.jmcatalysts.The paper used in this report is 9lives 80 Silk. This report has been printed using a 50% reduced alcohol process. 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