Solutions toCORE PULLOUT WORKSHEETS XII By Dr. M.M. Sharma M.A., Ph.D. Since 1950 SARASWATI HOUSE PVT. LTD. EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS New Delhi-110002 Price : < 72.00 Published by: Atul Gupta Saraswati House Pvt. Ltd. 9, Daryaganj, Near Telephone Office, New Delhi-110002 Post Box: 7063 Phone: 43556600 (100 lines), 23281022 Fax: 43556688 E-mail:
[email protected] Website: www.saraswatihouse.com Import-Export Licence No. 0507052021 Branches: 1. 48, V Main Road, Chamrajpet, Bengaluru-560018 Phone: (080) 26619880, 26672813 Fax: 26619880 2. SCO 31, Sector 31-D, Chandigarh-160030 Phone: (0172) 2624882 Fax: 5086882 3. 10/34, Mahalakshmi Street, T. Nagar, Chennai-600017 Phone: (044) 24343740, 24346531, 24333508 Fax: 24333508 4. Office No. 505, Vth Floor, Crown Square, Gandhi Path, Vaishali Nagar, Jaipur-302021 Phone: 9672987282 5. 39/741, Sudarshanam, Karikkamuri Cross Road, Ernakulam South, Kochi-682011 Phone: (0484) 3925288, 3062576 6. 16 A, Jopling Road, Hazratganj, Lucknow-226001 Phone: (0522) 4062517 7. 32 Corporate Avenue, 2D, IInd Floor, Off Mahakali Caves Road, Near Paper Box, Andheri (East), Mumbai-400093 Phone: (022) 28343022 8. 4, Sitayan Apartments, Vivekanand Marg, North S.K. Puri, Patna-800013 Phone: (0612) 2570403 New Edition Author All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the publishers. Printed at: Parmanand Offset, Maujpur, Delhi-110053 CONTENTS SECTION A – READING SKILLS Unseen Passages V Worksheets 1 to 31 .............................................................................................................. 3–19 SECTION B – ADVANCED WRITING SKILLS Short Composition (Advertisements) V Worksheets 32 & 33 .......................................................................................................... 21–22 Short Composition (Notices) V Worksheets 34 to 38 .......................................................................................................... 23–26 Short Composition (Posters) V Worksheets 39 to 42 .......................................................................................................... 27–30 Short Composition (Invitations) V Worksheets 43 & 44 .......................................................................................................... 31–32 Short Composition (Replies to Invitations) V Worksheets 45 & 46 .......................................................................................................... 33–34 Report or Factual Description (Events or Experiences) V Worksheets 47 & 48 ................................................................................................................ 35 Report or Factual Description (Processes) V Worksheet 49 ........................................................................................................................... 36 Report or Factual Description (Reports for School Magazines) V Worksheets 50 to 52 .......................................................................................................... 37–38 Report or Factual Description (Reports for Newspapers) V Worksheets 53 to 55 .......................................................................................................... 39–41 Letter Writing (Business/Official Letters) V Worksheets 56 & 57 .......................................................................................................... 42–43 Letter Writing (Letters to Editors) V Worksheets 58 to 60 .......................................................................................................... 44–47 Letter Writing (Applications for a Job) V Worksheets 61 & 62 .......................................................................................................... 48–51 Long Composition (Articles for School Magazines) V Worksheets 63 & 64 .......................................................................................................... 52–53 Long Composition (Articles for Newspapers) V Worksheets 65 & 66 .......................................................................................................... 54–55 SECTION C – TEXTBOOKS 1. FLAMINGO (English Reader) POETRY My Mother at Sixty-six (Kamala Das) V Worksheets 67 & 68 ................................................................................................................ 57 An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum (Stephen Spender) V Worksheets 69 & 70 .......................................................................................................... 58–59 Keeping Quiet (Pablo Neruda) V Worksheets 71 & 72 .......................................................................................................... 60–61 A Thing of Beauty (John Keats) V Worksheets 73 & 74 ................................................................................................................ 62 (iii) ................................................. 190–228 (iv) .................................................. 99–100 Memories of Childhood ® The Cutting of My Long Hair (Zitkala-Sa) ® We Too are Human Beings (Bama) V Worksheets 138 & 139 ............................................................. 80–81 Going Places (A..................................... 72–75 Indigo (Louis Fischer) V Worksheets 96 to 98 ................................................................................ 90 The Enemy (Pearl S.......................................................................... 98 Evans Tries an O’Level (Colin Dexter) V Worksheets 135 to 137 ............................................... 88–89 Journey to the End of the Earth (Tishani Doshi) V Worksheets 121 & 122 .... 70–71 The Rattrap (Selma Lagerlöf) V Worksheets 90 to 95 ............................... 138–160 • FIVE MORE PRACTICE PAPERS (Unsolved) ..................................................................................................................................... 78–79 The Interview Part-I (Christopher Silvester) Part-II (An Interview with Umberto Eco) V Worksheets 103 to 106 ......... 63–64 Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers (Adrienne Rich) V Worksheets 78 & 79 ... Barton) V Worksheets 107 to 109 ................................................................................................................................ 68–69 Deep Water (William O..................................... 162–188 • LATEST EXAMINATION PAPERS (Solved) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 104–136 • LATEST CBSE SAMPLE PAPERS (Solved) .......................... 84–87 The Tiger King (Kalki) V Worksheets 117 to 120 ............................................... 1 .............................. Douglas) V Worksheets 87 to 89 .......... 65 PROSE The Last Lesson (Alphonse Daudet) V Worksheets 80 to 82 ....................... 82–83 2............................... Buck) V Worksheets 123 to 128 ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 66–67 Lost Spring (Anees Jung) V Worksheets 83 to 86 ............................................................................................................... 95–97 On the Face of It (Susan Hill) V Worksheets 133 & 134 ......................................................................A Roadside Stand (Robert Frost) V Worksheets 75 to 77 ............................................................................................................................................ VISTAS (Supplementary Reader) The Third Level (Jack Finney) V Worksheets 110 to 116 .R....................................................................................................................................................................................... 76–77 Poets and Pancakes (Asokamitran) V Worksheets 99 to 102 ................................... 91–94 Should Wizard Hit Mommy? (John Updike) V Worksheets 129 to 132 ......................................................................... 101–102 • SOLUTIONS TO PRACTICE PAPERS OF VOL.................................................................................................................... 1 .Solutions to Pullout Worksheets of Vol. Section–A READING SKILLS . 2 (a) Leverage (b) Adventurism WORKSHEET–2 1.—Benjamin Franklin: lightning caused by elec. (e) The price-rise is hurting Congress and its allies in UPA and the Left. 1. He also did not favour depressing agriculture’s terms of trade as it would hurt farmer’s welfare as well as the long term growth of economy.SECTION A UNSEEN PASSAGES SOLUTIONS TO WORKSHEETS OF VOL. (c) Sending up inst’s on kites to measure (i) air pressure (ii) temp (iii) speed (iv) direction (v) humidity 3.1 (a) Rising prices have burnt holes in the pockets of the common man. (d) The price rise may deal another blow to the Indo-US nuclear deal. Use of Kites in modern times (a) met. The coalition may pull on. (b) Rising prices would make the task of containing inflation a more difficult exercise. (c) The suggestion was to impose control on food products and essential commodities to rein in the increasing rates. It is already on the backburner and could slip further off the agenda as the price rise threatens to spoil the good opinion people had of the budget. There is no immediate hope of relief as inflation shows no sign of decreasing or coming down. The rising inflation with its political fall out could sap the Manmohan Singh government’s will to push the contentious deal. invest’s (b) sc’fic expt. I WORKSHEET–1 1. Strange Reasons for flying Kites (a) Chinese—to keep away evil spirits (b) Tibetan—to bring rain 2. Use of Kites by armed forces (a) as line across a stream—form’g bridge (b) to help distressed ships at sea in rough weather (c) as gunnery targets (i) easy to make (ii) cheap to use (iii) stand a lot of punishment R E A D I N G S K I L L S 3 . The Prime Minister ruled it out.1 Title: Various Uses of Kites Notes: 1. It will hurt economic growth and reform process. Opposition NDA may derive some traction whereas regional parties may grow at the expense of the Congress party in several states. (ii) There may be heavy downpours frequently and more intensely. Emission of gases like carbon dioxide by burning fossil fuels leads to heat being trapped by the atmosphere. as gunnery targets or for flying flags for aerial photography. speed. Counter Trends (a) Advertising by pharma’l companies (i) lures the patients for overuse of drugs 4 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . Pachauri. He is the Chairman of IPCC and has won Nobel Prize for Peace in 2007.1 (a) R.K. to symptoms/cause 2.—part of normal living (b) advance in diag tech. Introduction (a) Self-med. & treat. (iii) Rapid melting of glaciers may affect flow of water in the rivers in the northern parts of India. (e) Some countries do so because they sell fossil fuels. It requires a political will and public awareness. Instruments on kites measure air pressure. glaciers melting rapidly. e.—last 100 yrs. (a) deve.(d) (e) (f) (g) (h) flying flags for aerial photography during night fighting raising transmitting & receiving aerials kite flare—survival equip’t for airmen at sea not useful in jungle warfare 1. The armed forces use kites for various purposes.1 Title: Self-Medication Notes: 1.2 Summary: Kites are used in modern times for meteorological investigations.g. droughts. is known for his efforts to spread awareness about global warming and its effects on earth’s ecosystems and various species. of disease acc. carrying a line across the stream to form a bridge or at sea to help distressed ship. an environmental expert.2 (a) conspiracy (b) vested interests WORKSHEET–4 1. 1. (d) Global warming can be reversed by bringing down the emissions of gases to below zero and finding ways to absorb existing carbon dioxide. health org’s & nutri’l standards 3. (c) medic’l expert rqd. of drug therapy (b) impvt. serious water stresses and extinction of many species. in pub. Advancement in Medi’ Sc. ‘Kite flare’ was used as survival equipment for airmen forced down at sea. Sea-level rise is a threat to Sunderbans. WORKSHEET–3 1. direction and humidity. (b) Planet Earth is warming up steadily because of human activities. This heat will cause heat waves. They help in obtaining improved wireless reception by raising transmitting and receiving signals. temperature. Kites are helpful during night fighting for carrying men over enemy lines and dragging torpedoes. (c) (i) Our low-lying areas could get submerged. floods. for diag. air-conditioners etc.2 Summary: Self-medication is part of normal living. Dangers of Self-medi’n (a) prep’n contain unsuitable ingre (b) taker becomes dependent (c) taker consumes medi. over eating. painkillers found in quantity in households (b) Emergence of sedentary society (i) faulty life style (ii) lack of exercise.2 (a) contaminate (b) unequivocally (c) humidifiers R E A D I N G S K I L L S 5 . So we should pay attention to the quality of air we breathe indoors. (b) Most of us spend ninety per cent of our time indoors—in homes or offices.g. etc. in excess (d) prep’ns may cause poison’g (e) real cause of illness gets suppressed or untreated 1. The development of drug therapy and improvement in public health organisations and nutritional standards have helped progress in medicinal science. exposure to sun. The air we breathe indoors may also be polluted and cause ill health. (c) The important sources of indoor air pollution are: (i) Tobacco smoke (ii) Animal dusts (iii) Air conditioners (iv) Moulds. WORKSHEET–5 1. It causes all the harms of tobacco smoking to non-smokers for example. e. the user becomes dependent and consumes medicine in excess. (e) We must first identify the allergen and then prevent exposure to them. Medicinal experts are required for diagnosis and treatment of disease according to symptoms and cause. Self-medication is dangerous as the preparation may be toxic or contain unsuitable ingredients. There is an increased risk of lung cancer among women exposed to passive smoking. Self-diagnosis is worse than self-medication. washing linen in warm water and cleaning coolers. Use of vacuum cleaners. We have to breathe in over 10.000 litres of air in a day to keep alive. (iii) stress. are some of the important steps to minimise allergies. bacteria (v) House dust mites (vi) Cooking and heating (vii) Toxic chemicals (viii) Asbestos (d) ETS stands for Environmental Tobacco Smoke or “passive smoking”. 1. 4.(ii) induces faith in chronic patients (iii) encourages self-medi’n in minor illnesses like cough/cold. the children of smoking parents suffer from respiratory problems. tonic. unhappy rela’ps etc. insuff ’t sleep etc. Excessive advertising by pharmaceutical companies and emergence of the sedantary society are two counter trends. many prep’tn like laxatives.1 (a) Air is essential for our life. comes through work. For a child a rebuke or loss of a toy causes stress.2 prevents boredom 3. Advantages of work 3. of choice 3. high blood pressure. Continuity of purpose.1 w’k less painful than idleness 2. (c) (i) Change in the attitude and behaviour (ii) muscle tension (iii) palpitation.2.1 Title: Advantages of Work Or Work—a Source of Happiness Notes: 1. 6 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII .1. weakness for work.1 dull w’k—bearable if it builds reputation 3.3 gives chances of success 3. An adolescent may feel tense after failing in the examination.2.1 fills leisure intelligently 3. pollutants. WORKSHEET–7 1.2. The delights of work varying from relief of tedium to deep delight depend on nature of work and ability of worker. humidity and working conditions lead to stress.1 (a) Stress is a reaction of the body to any demands or changes in its internal and external environment. preventing boredom and saving from the troublesome exercise of choice.3 uninteresting work as boring as no work 3. Work in itself may not be interesting but it offers many advantages such as filling leisure intelligently. provides chances of success and opportunities for ambition.2 Summary: Much work which is irksome or excess of work is painful. 1. Work: source of unhappiness 1.4 opportunities for ambition 3.1.3 ability of worker 3. For an adult loss of job or a dear one causes stress. Work makes holidays more delicious.2 holidays more delicious 3. But work is less painful than idleness. lethargy.WORKSHEET–6 1.1 success measured in terms of money 3.2 excess of w’k: painful 2.3.2 delights of work: 2.4.1 saves from troublesome ex. essential for happiness. indigestion and hyperacidity (iv) depression.1 irksome work 1.1 relief of tedium to deep delight 2. Work: source of happiness 2.5 continuity of purpose—comes through w’k. Factors such as imbalance between demands and resources change in temperature. stress has a different meaning depending on the stage of life.1.2 nature of w’k 2. (b) No. (i) (ii) (iii) (e) (i) (ii) (d) heart diseases (iv) hypertension neurological depression (v) insomnia ulcers (vi) injuries due to accidents Self-inner control—faith in oneself. Stress Harmonal Imbalances ↓ Poor posture in sitting/ sleeping 1. There are different kinds of headache. neck.2 (a) wreck WORKSHEET–8 1. ↓ fluid intake ↓ pain killers DURATION ↓ GENERAL CAUSES ↓ Envtl. However. Use of stress modifiers or stress busters (b) injuries due to accidents lethargy (c) threshold 1. irritability etc. typing or driving. ACHE pain head one side – nausea. possible hangover RELIEF ↓ Spinal misalignment ↓ Short Term ↓ Long Term ↓ ↓ ice pack ↓ dark glasses ↓ Visit doc.1 Title: Headache Notes: HEADACHE ↓ DEFN Orig. nerves pain signals → Pain base of skull ↓ behind eyes TYPES OF HEADACHE ↓ TENSION H. Migraine headache is characterized by pain on one side of the head and other symptoms like nausea. shoulder drivg typg sit’g short ↓ MIGRAINE H. usefulness of job and in super power. ACHE SYMPTOMS CAUSES band of pain – head. fluid intake and use of dark glasses.2 Abstraction/Summary: Headache originates in the nerves and pain signals are sent to the brain. Short term relief can be acquired through painkillers. ice-packs. irritability certain foods smokg Gen. Tension headache is usually felt like a band in the head radiating to the nape of the neck and shoulders. It is usually short. a doctor should be consulted. R E A D I N G S K I L L S 7 . Causes could be varied ranging from hormonal imbalance to stress. 8-24 hrs. It may be due to long hours of sitting at a desk. The affected areas are as widespread as Europe.2 (a) incidences (b) potential (c) proliferate WORKSHEET–10 1. kind of bird.WORKSHEET–9 1. 1.1 Locn. eye-injury.2 Founder : Lala Lachumal Jain (1929) 1. Resources bus. bldg. men Charity visitors tourists 8 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . (c) The stratospheric Ozone above Antarctica disappears during September. Chowk 1. Procedure of treatment: People bring injured birds ↓ entry in register ↓ Name of person. leading to global warming. 1957—pres. (b) Ozone absorbs damaging ultraviolet rays and checks the flow of harmful radiation to earth. harm to immune system and upsets the balance of entire eco-system.4 Facilities : upto 1968—ayurvedic treatment : from 1968—allopathy introduced : from 1992—path lab tests & surgery 2. The losses range around ten per cent in winter and spring and around five per cent during summer and autumn.1 (a) It has revealed that Ozone has declined in the stratosphere. sec. first-aid ↓ Kept in iso cage ↓ Moved to comm. ↓ Allowed to fly away 3. (d) The ultraviolet radiation causes skin cancer. Place & Origin 1. The earth may warm up by four degrees celcius over the next five decades.1 Title: Charity Hospital for Birds Notes: 1. date ↓ Ailing bird adm.3 Growth : 1929—1 room struc. The accumulation of pollutant gases in the upper atmosphere alters the passage of sun’s heat energy and rays to and from the earth. 1. : Corner of Ch. (e) Trapping/absorbing of sun’s heat and reflecting it back to earth results in green-house effect. The hole which lasts for two months only measures about 9 million miles—nearly the size of North America. Australia and North America. (i) exploring universe (ii) making civiliz. It caters to hurt and injured birds excluding carnivorous birds and pets. justice equally R E A D I N G S K I L L S 9 . It causes cancer. 2. The place is inaccessible and no research facilities are available.2 (a) garbage (b) gobble (c) conventional. (c) (i) Hydrochloric acid attacks respiratory system. (d) (i) Exorbitantly expensive to operate. temp.2 Abstraction/Summary: A charitable hospital for birds was begun in 1929 in a one room structure. be kept at rt. be fed/kept properly (a) or ref to work/blow up 3. funds 4. things (b) living rightly (c) maint.4.1 carnivorous & pets excluded 5. (iii) Breathing styrene from polystyrene can cause leukaemia. Incineration simply changes risky waste from solid form to air. (i) lack of knowl. 1. 1. WORKSHEET–11 1. vomiting and nausea. Mach. there are still certain drawbacks. (b) Converting garbage into energy to produce 25 megawatts of power and swallow 1.1 charitable—no govt. (ii) release of dioxin is highest from incinerators. more like rulers/masters (i) sh. Funds are provided by rich businessmen. Uniqueness 4.1 (a) Dioxin. (a) used up to make better mach. Mach.3 no research wk. (ii) sh.2 locn. (ii) Polyethylene produces volatile carinogens like formal-dehyde and acetaldehyde which cause cancer. skin and eyes and results in coughing. water and ash.1 Title: Machines and Civilization Notes: 1. better civilised 4. inaccessible 5. (e) Nearly 80% of Indian garbage is recyclable or compostable.000 tonnes of garbage everyday. causes birth defects and reproductive problems. visitors and tourists. WORKSHEET–12 1. (iv) Polyurethane is linked with asthma. belonging to the family of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) is produced. an organochlorine. (b) to manage mach. Though allopathic treatment is available. Drawbacks 5. After making entry in a register the bird is treated and kept in an isolated cage. is (a) making beaut. everlasting (iii) Civiliz. (v) Dioxin disrupts hormones. (b) time & energy sh. as aids to civiliz. (a) to use mach.2 free of cost trtmt—4000 to 5000 birds/day 4. More time & energy avail. be used to bec. Third great defect of our civiliz.3 expenditure: Rs 6-7 lakhs annually 5. Later it is transferred to the common pool and then allowed to fly away. Edn. gloves. of stand’s (b) no comm’n 10 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII .—more empl’d 5. Screening of all passengers is impossible because of the large number and time consuming diagnostic tests. Society & Dist. (b) The SARS virus has evaded all attempts to identify it. edn. Machines were made by man to serve him as servants but they are now becoming masters and man has become dependent upon them. Simple precautions such as using masks.p. passengers are requested to report if they develop symptoms within 12 days of arrival.—obl’g parents/appeas’g trs.. The time and energy saved by machines can be used to make our civilization great and everlasting.c.1 (a) The only way to contain SARS till now is by quarantining the affected person. WORKSHEET–13 1. We can explore the universe and remove the causes of quarrels between nations. It may be transmitted through air as well. (c) The major cause of SARS infection is through close contact.1. 1. gowns and goggles. (d) Good infection control can contain the outbreak of SARS. the disease is prevented from spreading. Scope of Dis. & Institutes (a) check diln. (a) No replacem’t of formal Edn. Edn.—responses: 2-way process (iii) audio/video tapes: electronic media 3. Second Chance Edn.2 (a) surveillance (b) mutate (c) virulent WORKSHEET–14 1. can be quite effective. (a) social purpose—safety valve (b) jobs & degrees (i) formal edn—more unemp’d (ii) dist. Machines can help in eradicating poverty. By keeping the SARS infected person away from others. (e) At present. Diff. It is transmitted by inhaling cough droplets. The incubation period of virus being 10 days.—disciplin’d & motivat’d 4. because the coronavirus can survive in the environment for upto 24 hours. or through an object contaminated with body fluids from an infected person. Quality of Edn. in order to avoid direct physical contact with the SARS infected person. The use of combination of anti-viral treatments and antibiotics have met with only partial success. Edn. in Attitudes (a) Formal Edn.1 Notes: 1. Promotions 2. Better job/marriage 2.2 Summary: The great defect in present civilization is that it does not make proper use of knowledge given by science. A drug with anti-viral properties developed from the green mussel is found effective against many respiratory viruses and is being tested against coronavirus now. there is no cure available for SARS virus. The development of proper drug and its test on cell cultures may take time. (ii) Ordinary: 1. (b) Parameters widen’g (i) lesson packets (ii) interactions—p. (a) Motives: (i) Serious: love for lrg. (b) Dis. (e) Digestive system allergies are triggered off by drugs and foods. Its parameters are widening. (i) mix’g subjs. & retn.—no disheartening 1. WORKSHEET–15 1. levels (i) soft music—blocks outside noise (ii) study table—away from window—visual distract’n. It is not a replacement of formal education. In case only one parent comes from an allergic family. eats or touches. Disciplined and motivated students earn. The serious minded have love for learning while promotion in jobs or better prospects in job/marriage market drives the ordinary pursuers. Physical Envt. Allergies are triggered off by what one breathes. Study table away from window R E A D I N G S K I L L S 11 . Responses and interactions in personal contact programmes make it a two-way process. If both the parents are allergic.2 Title: Enhancing Concentration Summary: For enhancing concentration. concentrat’n (ii) refresh mind (c) longer relaxation—undesired effects 4. goals for self—no gen’l targets (b) focused system—thoughts & goals in line (c) schedules of study/recn. (b) Antibodies combine with specific foreign materials to neutralise them.—like/dislike (ii) ret’g enj’le subjs to last pn 3.1 (a) Allergy is a disease. Allergy is caused by hypersensitivity to certain substances (antigens or allergens). the physical environment should be conducive to focus thought. (c) Allergy may be inherited from parents. the children will become allergic in the ratio of 3 : 1. Commercialisation and dilution of standards should be effectively checked. From sending lesson packets it has come to audio and video tapes. (a) conducive to focus thought (i) identify distract’g factors (ii) no concentrat’n in envt. attention and retention powers must work at optimum levels. One should first identify the distracting factors as there can be no concentration in an environment full of distraction. Soft music blocks outside noise. Fixing Goals & Targets (a) Estg. the chances for allergy in the children will be reduced to 2 : 1.2 Title: Role & Scope of Distance Education Summary: Distance education is second chance education. Concentration (a) disciplining the mind: (i) practice (ii) patience (b) +ve thkg. powers at optm. learn and serve society. 1. full of distract’n (b) Focus–attn. Timing (a) 40 mts at a stretch (b) short break: (i) bld.1. 2.1 Notes: 1. Antibodies are defensive in nature against bacteria and viruses.2 (a) neutralise (b) symptoms (c) sensitivity WORKSHEET–16 1. (d) The two common allergies of the respiratory system are hayfever and asthma. For focussing thought. India lag’g behind in innovat’n: reasons (a) lack of thinkers/innovators (b) too late to realize/acknowledge their achvt. Innovation & Role of Industry (a) Innovat’n—lifeline to exist in business (b) thrust on R & D (c) R & D—neglected sphere: (i) minimum expenditure (ii) long term gains 4. India is a storehouse of intellectual capital but knowledge is not used properly. 2. 2.1 Title: Innovation for Growth Notes: 1. Have a short break after concentrating for 40 minutes. accelerating the process of economic and political change in the status of women. restrictions on mobility specially after puberty. prevailing cultural norms of gender behaviour and the perceived domestic and reproductive roles of women.2 (a) domain (b) luxury (c) inculcate WORKSHEET–18 1. negative attitudes towards sending girls to schools. poverty and illiteracy of parents.2 Summary: India is lagging behind in innovation not because there is a lack of thinkers or innovators but because they are too late to realize and acknowledge their achievement. 2. (b) Women’s empowerment and participation is necessary for finding durable solution to society’s most threatening social. atmosphere & technology 3. rich country—know’ge tested—put to use (e) goals ach’d through creativity & innovat’n 1. (d) The factors which have affected the education of girls adversely are: 1. Position of India (a) Storehouse of int’l capital (i) NASA (ii) Microsoft (iii) IBM (b) Know’ge not used properly (i) identify’g & promot’g talent (ii) pr’dg proper opportunities. Schedule of study and recreation also helps. Concentration disciplines the mind through practice and patience. WORKSHEET–17 1. economic and political problems. Have positive thoughts and avoid being disheartened. 1. narrowing down the prevailing inequality. (e) Women empowerment can help the community by providing sustainable development. (c) The two benefits from education of girls are: 1.checks visual distraction.1 (a) Modern woman is a self-directed and dignity conscious person who is rational in approach and careful in handling. early marriage. Innovation is 12 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . Human Contribution Factor (a) India—abundant natural resources (b) comb’g resources with tech’gy & innovat’n—better economy (c) human zeal & contribut’n (d) India—infn. Talent should be identified and promoted by providing proper opportunities and atmosphere. Fixing goals helps to achieve focused system. 1 (a) Scientists have discovered how women’s minds work while shopping. Solutions for Indian Investors (a) Investt. They are quite impressed as the research will help manufacturers save spending money in marketing something that is unlikely to attract customers. for’n exchange reserves (b) stable currency (c) gold import—weaken’g currency 1. in comm’s mutual fund (b) safe and high returns 4. Gold—indispensable in the past (a) ornl. Thus. Different types of brain-waves are generated to prompt buying or rejecting the item. Change in Govt. (c) This approach has been criticised on ethical grounds as it is a sinister method which seeks to brainwash the shoppers. (f) Academicians and manufacturers have reacted favourably to the scientific study. shops and advertisements and subconsciously stimulate similar brainwave patterns. Of late there has been decline in gold prices and it is R E A D I N G S K I L L S 13 . (c) Dev’g countries mob’g resources other than gold 3. The scientists have identified these signals. gold has easy liquidity. a dead investt.2 (a) generated (b) stimulate (c) sceptical WORKSHEET–20 1. WORKSHEET–19 1. they will encourage people to buy their products without realising. Research and development must get proper thrust. Moreover. It is an area linked with negative reactions. Gold has a sentimental value. 1. (b) The research will help the manufacturers to create products. Policy (a) hgr. There is a rapid surge of blood to the right prefrontal cortex. Human zeal has contributed to combining resources with technology and innovation. Chang’g Worth of Gold (a) decline in gold prices (b) IMF & Foreign central banks—gold. Information-rich India should ensure that knowledge is tested and put to use for achieving goals. (d) Heightened pleasure produces blood flows to the left prefrontal cortex and to the visual cortex.lifeline of industry. Banks kept gold reserves. Apart from ornamental value it has been used as hedge against inflation. value (b) hedge against inflat’n (c) banks—gold reserves (d) Indians—sentimental value (e) easy liquidity 2.1 Notes: 1. Minimum expenditure here will get long term gains. (e) The reject zones are linked to the “flight or fight” reaction.2 Title: Gold—A Dead Investment Summary: Gold has been indispensable in the past. This activates the buy zones and women are likely to buy that article. Mineral water—defn.5 litres/day (d) for intense activity: more H2O + mineral + energy source (e) keep body well hydrated & active (f) if no mineral H2O—simple. higher foreign exchange reserves and curbing gold import which weakens currency. WORKSHEET–21 1. Classification of Mineral Waters (a) LMW—500 mgs TDS/litre (b) MMW—500 to 1500 mg TDS/litre (c) HMW—over 1500 mg TDS/litre 3.8 per cent annually. 14 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . 2. It would then become the second nation in the world having a billion-plus population. Developing countries are mobilising other resources. Water pollution and air pollution are likely to increase. For example. The number of urban dwellers will outnumber the rural population in 21st century. It is expected to further increase to 419 millions in about 15 years from now.1 Notes: 1. It spells ecological disaster. The Indian investors can have safe and high returns by investing in commodities mutual fund. 2.1 (a) India is likely to cross the one-billion mark in terms of population. (c) India’s urban population is likely to rise to 326 million in 2005. (b) The two likely drawbacks are: 1. Position in India processed H2O as mineral H2O 4. WORKSHEET–22 1. (e) Feeding the ever-increasing millions will become the most critical problem as available land is limited and demand for food grains is likely to increase by 1.2 (a) drain (b) megapolis (c) syndrome. plain water.considered a dead investment. from the current 286 million. the requirement of foodgrains is expected to go up to 284 million metric tonnes by 2020 from the 180 million metric tonnes for 2000. Importance of minerals in H2O (a) adjuncts to good health (b) contribute to well being (c) help body to absorb minerals in sols. Taste (a) HMW—strong pronounced taste (b) LMW—subtle in flavour (c) WMW—no taste 6. (d) Increasing population will have an adverse effect on environment. It is a drain on the nation’s limited resources. 5. Water—essential for human body (a) biochemical processes (b) thirst not accurate indicator (c) 3. The government has to change its policy by maintaining stable currency. 1. Highly mineralised water has strong pronounced taste. hydrated and active. mor. Hence he thought that he would not need a map for the last part of his journey. (a) taunting or insulting others through words or actions (b) selfishness (c) verbal or acts of torture contradict mor. of mor. getting eroded in the mechanical lifestyle (c) today’s man busy in personal gains R E A D I N G S K I L L S 15 . WORKSHEET–24 1.1 (a) The author’s father emigrated because everything around him was full of the presence of his wife. cottages and church spire as told by his father but only a lake. degeneration in soc. (d) The author had come back to the land of his birth because he had promised his father that he would go on his own.2 Title: Mineral Water Summary: Mineral water is defined as water that is bottled at the source without any treatment. Moreover. which was not marked on the map.1. to sympathise (c) feeling of kindness and sorrow for others 3. 5. Plain water has no taste. Killers of mor. who was both father and mother for him. after leaving the nearest town.1 Notes: 1. (e) The author’s father had described over and over again what they would see at every milestone. Ess. Basically mor. the village had been submerged in the lake. means (a) abi. Mineral waters are classified as lightly. 4. lightly mineralised is subtle in flavour. moderately or highly mineralised water as per varying quantity of total dissolved salts per litre varying from 500 mg to 1500 mg and above. to stop degeneration of values (b) otherwise sufferings and chaos. (a) essen. 1. to understand (b) abi. Soc. farms. (a) lack of sympathy and kindness b/w fellow-beings (b) comp. mor. (f) The author could not locate his old village because he could not see any valley. One must drink 3.5 litres of water per day to stay healthy. depends on good and bad concept (c) inflicting no harm or injury to others 2. WORKSHEET–23 1. Water is essential for human body to maintain biochemical process. (b) The author did not feel the absence of his mother after her death because he was very well brought up by his father. In India processed water is sold as mineral water. (a) compassion—real mor. (b) meaning of mor. The author was sure that he would recognise it as familiar territory. The minerals in water are adjuncts to good health and contribute to its well being by helping the body to absorb minerals. (c) The author's father wanted to go back to his old village because he wanted to see the old folks again and visit his wife’s grave. who had died and it continually reopened his wounds.2 (a) nightmare (b) submerge (c) speedometer. knowl. People suffer real distress if they are deprived of newspapers. (c) Purposeless reading. 1. Disadvantages (a) long view’g hrs. and violent (c) causes addiction to itself (i) powerf ’l need to watch TV even if not req’d 16 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII .2 Title: Essence of Real Morality Summary: Compassion is the essence of real morality. fields (c) benefits old people/patients-confined to home/hosp (d) helps non-native speakers for infor’l language practice. music of film even for a few hours because they feel painfully subnormal and incomplete without them. morality b/w between 1.1 Title: Impact of Television Notes: 1. essential abi.2 (a) incessant (b) conceal (c) coherent WORKSHEET–26 1. WORKSHEET–25 1. listening to radios or looking at films are also addictions.1 (a) The author wants that educationists should build up a habit of resistance to suggestion in the minds of their students. morality means ability to understand. Taunts. (a) dissatis’n with personal life (i) reel life more attractive than real life (b) exposure to excessive violence (i) child. Social morality is essential to stop degeneration of values. These are psychological equivalents of alcoholism and morphinism. influence (b) recent studies (i) ‘relaxes’ brain to ‘before sleep state’ in < 30 sec (ii) reduces concentra’n time to 15-20 min 3.(d) no more humanity left. inflicting no harm or injury to others. selfishness and acts of torture are killers of morality. averag’g 6 hrs a day (i) child glued to TV w/out study’g/sleep’g (ii) powerful. ability mor. and listen’g 2. Abbreviations used: Ess. sympathise and feelings of kindness and sorrow for others. Basically. hearing or seeing addicts by providing them the education of the hand and the intellect as well as by training them to use critical analysis to judge propaganda. radio. often neg. Advantages (a) helpful to people with selective view’g (b) incr. (b) Resistance to suggestion can be built up by teaching the children: (i) to rely upon their own internal spiritual resources and (ii) not to depend on incessant stimulation from without. (d) Children can be helped from becoming reading. These psychological additions provide incessant stimulation from without. (e) Critical analysis helps us to react to forceful suggestions in the right way at the right time. of diffr. Negative Influ. insult. voca. essence soc. grow more aggre. The meaning of morality depends on good and bad concepts and. social essen. Today man has become selfish and has forgotten humanity in mechanical lifestyle. art and medicine. In modern English the adjective ‘pecuniary’ means ‘concerned with money’. TV viewing. Each man hunted for himself and his family or tribe. Since reel life is more exciting than real life.1. people develop dissatisfaction with personal lives. A shoe-maker who needs supplies of corn for his family from time to time. of comp. especially. TV viewing has a strong negative influence as well. it is necessary for the government to mint coins. may not always find that the farmer willing to take shoes in exchange. In many countries. WORKSHEET–27 1. Also. (b) The various stages in the development of human society are: 1. appro’ly 2. weight and fineness. It is an ideal companion for old people or patients who can’t leave home..g. etc.1 (a) Primitive man lived by hunting. etc. Nomads who constantly wandered around. cat. (f) To make coins of standard shape. (Any two acceptable) (c) In the pastoral stage of human history. (e) ‘Tael’ was the standard money of China which is not a coin but a weight of silver. and drove his flocks and herds to new pastures. finally.2 Summary: Television has a strong impact on people’s lives. (d) Exchange or barter system would be done only with few certain things. 2. When communities began to settle down and cultivate the land. Strangers were then avoided or driven away. e. averaging six hours a day become detrimental to the growth. It could not happen between a shoe-maker and a farmer.1 Title: Power of Intelligent Computers/Electronic Brain/Artificial Intelligence Notes: 1. New discovery regarding thought processes (a) greater understanding about human brain (b) higher animals cap’ble of basic thought. long TV viewing hours. 1. becomes an addiction which forces people to sit glued to it without deriving any pleasure from it. So money and even trade were unnecessary. and this object is money. if one is a non-native speaker. capable of rapid computation (b) ‘High Speed Idiot’ (i) to protect vanity (ii) human idiot still among most intelli. It gave birth to another Latin word ‘pecunia’ which means ‘money’. it promotes one’s communication skills. It has many positive features as good programmes telecast can increase our knowledge about various fields like science. It would have been more convenient. 3. Over exposure to violence and fights makes children more aggressive. a cattle was an acceptable commodity as a means of exchange. (c) Insect. The Latin word ‘pecus’ means ‘cattle’. Hence primitive man did not feel the necessity of money as a means of exchange. This is how the word pecuniary originated. other lower forms–no thought (d) higher mammals–more complex brain activity R E A D I N G S K I L L S 17 . dog.2 (a) Primitive (b) Business transaction (c) Fineness WORKSHEET–28 1. Primitive man who lived by hunting. if there were some other objects that would always be useful to both the shoe-maker and the farmer. Earlier terms (a) ‘Electronic brain’ (i) first massive compu. On the other hand. forms on earth (c) neither describes artifi’l intelli. concentration and study-habits of children. women today spends more time doing laundry. It is because family members demand more frequent changes of clothing than in earlier generations. creating rooms free of ‘odour-causing’ germs and seeking to meet other extraordinary standards of cleanliness. As a result. (e) Women working at home may not be considered equal to those working in office or business centres. They can play chess/back gammon unlike plants/lower animals. New discovery regarding thought processes have led to great understanding about human brain. (b) Home making is not considered at par with paid work because it is not clear what constitutes housework. Neither label describes artificial intelligence of computer appropriately. It would be difficult to know how to reward it. of corrupted rulers (b) large cl. It would be very difficult to know how to reward it. WORKSHEET–29 1. Today’s women devote inordinate amount of time and money to waxing floors. Artif’l Intelli.1 (a) The employed woman has to work in an office or factory. insects and other lower forms are thoughtless. As a result. Composition of Civilised Communities (a) small cl. the employed woman gives up most of her leisure to carry out the responsibilities of family life. while in the case of single homemakers.1 Title: Civilised Communities Notes: 1. She has to do the household work also. (d) In spite of time-saving gadgets and appliances. Higher mammals show more complex brain activity. cat etc. dog.2 Summary: The first massive computers which could make rapid computation were called ‘electronic brain’. (c) Unless women and men are paid equally in the labour force and there is no division of labour based on sex. Artificial Intelligence Research reveals that machines like computers/robots have superior mental ability to many life forms. Some of the world’s best players are now computers. U.g. Husbands and children barely increase their contribution to housework and child care when the employed woman is in the labour force. women’s work in the home will have no value. it is not clear who would do the assessing. Housework standards vary greatly. Furthermore. 1. women are more busy today than ever before. Again pay for housework might place homemakers in the difficult position of having their work assessed by their husbands. husband and children expect more varied meals. While higher animals e.3. Again.2 (a) assorted (b) reinforce (c) inordinate WORKSHEET–30 1. of sub’s 18 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . Research (a) machines like compu/robots–superior mental ability to many life forms (i) play chess/backgammon unlike plants/lower animals (b) World’s best players–computers 1. Later on these were dubbed ‘high-speed idiots’ to protect human vanity. So she is deprived of the joys of leisure. Some single women with family responsibilities work because they are the family bread winners. Even the human idiot is still among the most intelligent life forms on earth. Again. are capable of basic thought. the housework standards vary greatly.S. the increasing concern with good nutrition means that many home-makers are now spending more time preparing foods that are not available in the market-place. We also need the will. All the nations conduct their foreign policy on militaristic principles. to figure out the right thing to do and to muster the will to do it. (f) The older children can cultivate their own dispositions by behaving bravely before their younger brothers or sisters. We have to know what is the right thing to do. the motivating power that inspiring leaders help us discover within ourselves.2 Summary: The civilised communities of the modern world are made up of a small class of rulers. It inspired others. It provides excellent practice. yet examples of encouragement may help him. The elders can stand by the children in challenging circumstances. He cannot be educated. A desirable social order is one that delivers people from avoidable evils. Bad social order leads us into temptation. When we become brave we can stand firmly against them. order–leads people into temptations 3. The Modern World: prevalent position (a) War–great obstacle to desirable change (b) Foreign policy of nations–militaristic principles (c) Source of Reform (i) Pvt. and of a large class of subjects. (c) (i) A brave person is different from a reckless person since a rash or reckless person is never afraid. We become brave by despising terrible things as a force of habit and by resisting them with full force. Social order (a) Desirable sl.2. It is the business of private individuals to persuade majority of people that policy of pacifism is preferable to that of militarism. For this we need wisdom to give our courage determinate form and intelligent direction. WORKSHEET–31 1. vices and dispositions of character. individuals (ii) Not thro’ those in power (d) Method of Reform: persuasion (i) Policy of pacifism preferable to militarism 1. (d) The striking courage displayed by Gandhiji or Horatius had an infectious nature. In the modern world the great obstacle to all desirable change is war. They learn how to handle their own confidence and fear. Being afraid of really fearful things is a trait of a brave person. (b) Being afraid is an appropriate emotion when we face quite fearful things. order–delivers one from avoidable evils (b) Bad sl. (ii) The coward lacks confidence.1 (a) Practice fixes in us the virtues. There is nothing to be afraid of.2 (a) inspire (b) right/appropriate (c) safe R E A D I N G S K I L L S 19 . 1. A brave person has confidence and does not express fear against everything. (e) The mere inclination to do the right is not enough. He is disposed to be overly fearful. Section–B ADVANCED WRITING SKILLS . m. PROPERTY For immediate sale. It contains my identity card and some valuable documents. Rajpur Road. Prices negotiable. Punjabi Bagh. 210. Please contact Ranjit/Rekha. 37-B. Salary negotiable. 4. a large kitchen and bathrooms with latest amenities. Presently working in a MNC at NOIDA. one large drawing-cum-dining room. Two bedrooms. 1050. 840 and get Sportsline for a year Hurry offer closes 31 August 200X WORKSHEET–33 1. 3. 751 GK between 10 am to 5 pm on Sunday or ring 5467329. Subscribe to SPORTSLINE for a year a fortnightly sports & features magazine and get a PRESTIGE ALARM CLOCK FREE READ & SAVE H Annual subscription (105 issues) Rs. PROPERTY FOR SALE For sale the first floor of a newly constructed house in Greater Kailash comprising two bed rooms. 115. Contact Rohit. Delhi. H Special inaugural discount Rs. I WORKSHEET–32 1. drawing-cum-dining. attached baths. New Delhi or Phone 26423457. Kirti Nagar. or ring 25425368. A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 21 . Please contact Rahul/Rashmi of 215-C. Price around 20 lakh but negotiable.SECTION B SHORT COMPOSITION (Advertisements) SOLUTIONS TO WORKSHEETS OF VOL. Contact Munish Mehta. 115 Rajpur Road or ring 23295665. H Despatch a demand draft of Rs. New Delhi. the rear portion of a bungalow. 2. and 11 am. SITUATIONS WANTED A computer engineer well versed in hardware and software techniques seeks a part time job in or around Delhi in the evening hours. LOST AND FOUND Lost my brown VIP leather briefcase while travelling from Punjabi Bagh to Maharani Bagh in greenline bus on Friday between 10 a. APPEAL A promising young lad with kidney beyond repair and the other damaged in a car accident is on dialysis in Apollo Hospital. air-conditioner. 3. 200X. – 6. New Delhi.m. New Delhi or ring 24629876. YOGA CENTRE The creative centre for complete Health has started a Yoga Centre at 15/25 Tilak Nagar. micro-wave processor etc. Please contact immediately Medical Superintendent. contact Aman at 9811196543. 22 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . television. FOR SALE Available for sale a brand new Santro car and other household goods such as fridge.00 a. Contact Sunil/Simi. For registration and further details. 243-B Kalkaji. 4. and is open to all children between 5-18 years. The centre will be open from 10th April. It will function between 9. The owner is leaving for Canada soon. Prices negotiable. Donors are invited to offer one of their kidneys to save this sole bread earner of a family of five.2. Apollo Hospital. New Delhi.00 p.m. . All suggestions on following topics may be directed to the undersigned by the 9th March: A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 23 . Ganesh Director. kindly contact the undersigned Amita Head Girl 2. 25 July. A. 200X ABN SR. DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL KAROL BAGH. has kindly consented to give a talk on the various career options available to the students of the humanities stream. NEW DELHI 17 October. 2008 Time : 11 a. BARODA NOTICE PROPOSED CALENDAR 2007-2008 The School Development Committee proposes to develop calendar of activities for the next year. Venue : School Auditorium Classes : XI and XII For queries.m. JODHPUR NOTICE CAREER GUIDANCE We are pleased to inform that Miss Renu Nigam. Date : 30th July. 200X Time : 3 p. CARING. Meerut in a Zonal Volleyball Final tomorrow Date : 18 Oct. the eminent counsellor.SECTION B SHORT COMPOSITION (Notices) WORKSHEET–34 1.m. 200X NOTICE ZONAL VOLLEYBALL FINAL It is a rare honour that our school is playing against CPM School. Physical Education WORKSHEET–35 1. 4 March. SCHOOL. sharp Venue : Our School Ground All the students are cordially invited to watch the tournament and cheer up the school team. 200X SCHOOL DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE NATIONAL SCHOOL. SEC. m.4 p. .. DAYANAND MODEL SCHOOL. Arun Sen Secretary School Red Cross Committee WORKSHEET–36 1. 2008 Time : 9. 200X in the school ground from 10 a. AGRA NOTICE DONATE BLOOD: SAVE LIFE The Red Cross Society of India is organising a one-day blood-donation camp as per details given below: Date : 15 Aug.h Excursions h Trekking Venues h Inter-house Competitions h Inter-School Contests ` Debates ` Quiz ` Science Exhibitions h Welfare Activities ` School Fete ` Blood Donation Camp ` Afforestation Campaign Manav/Manasi Students’ Representative SDC 2.R.00 p. AJMER NOTICE 25 July 200X OPPORTUNITY FOR BUDDING ARTISTS Students are invited to participate in the Inter School Poster Making Competition to be held on 9 August. Junior Category (Classes IV to VII) Topic : Save Water Senior Category (Classes IX to XII) Topic : Eco-friendly Diwali For details contact: Priya Secretary.m. Venue : Activities Room Age Limit : Above 16 years All the members of the staff and the students are requested to come forward and donate blood generously for the noble cause. Cultural Society 24 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII .30 a. to 1. PUBLIC SCHOOL.m. 7 August 200X S.m. Delhi : 7 Feb.45 a. and do not carry eatables and bags inside the auditorium. PATIALA NOTICE INTERNATIONAL BOOK FAIR The Eleventh International Book Fair is being organised as per details given below: Venue Dates : Pragati Maidan. For further details contact: Rahul Khanna (Head Boy) 2.m. Gian Singh Librarian WORKSHEET–37 1. Prof. to 10 p.m.m. All members are requested to attend. 200X Classes : XI and XII Please be seated by 8.30 a.. Nagpur NOTICE INAUGURATION OF LITERARY ASSOCIATION The School Literary Association will be inaugurated by noted educationist. to 10 p. AB PUBLIC SCHOOL.m. 200X 1 Feb.. 200X A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 25 . ABC Secretary 17 July. 200X. noted counsellor will be held in our school. 200X Timings : 2 p.m. XYZ CITY NOTICE Career Counselling Session A career counselling session with Ms. It will be followed by an interactive session. B.m. Date Time Venue : 10 August 200X : 11 a.2. ABT SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL. Rajan on 19 July at 11. Queen Victoria Senior Secondary School. (Sundays) Those interested in books may give their names to the undersigned by 3 Feb. Usha Grewal. to 14 Feb.. : School Auditorium 1 August. (week days) 9 a.m. in the school auditorium. He will also deliver a talk on ‘How to improve spoken English’. HYDERABAD NOTICE 25 October. ZENITH PUBLIC SCHOOL NOTICE BRITANNIA QUIZ CONTEST 15 Nov. Contribution should be typed or neatly written on one side of paper. tit-bits. 200X The preliminary round of Britannia Quiz Contest for North Zone will be held at our school on 25 Nov. may send them to the undersigned lasted by 15th November. Students interested in contributing articles. 200X School Magazine The School Magazine ‘REFLECTIONS’ will be brought out in the last week of January. poems. sketches. cartoons. XYZ Editor School Magazine 2.WORKSHEET–38 1. All the students who desire to participate in it may submit their names to the undersigned by the 20th Nov. ABT SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL.. 200X. riddles. etc. Amrita Head Girl 26 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . m.SECTION B SHORT COMPOSITION (Posters) WORKSHEET–39 1. LET’S CELEBRATE CRACKER-FREE DIWALI Issued by: President. Vayu Vihar. to 11 a. Eco Club XYZ School.m. A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 27 . SAY ‘NO’ TO PLASTICS Non-Biodegradable Dumping ¾ Pollutes Environment Burning ¾ Air Pollution Toxic Elements ∴ Lung Cancer DISCARD PLASTIC BAGS—INSTEAD USE Paper Bags Jute Bags Cloth Bags PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT STAY HEALTHY Issued by: Secretary Environment Club ABC School. Ashok Vihar. Delhi. STOP CHILD EXPLOITATION SAY ‘NO’ TO CRACKERS SAY ‘NO’ TO CHILD LABOUR DON’T BURN THEIR FUTURE IN SMOKE THEY NEED YOUR LOVE & CARE COME: JOIN HANDS Participate in large numbers in the rally organised against the exploitation of children Date Time : 14 November 200X : 9 a. Venue : XYZ school to neighbouring areas. 2. Delhi. 25th OCTOBER 200X from 9 am to 5 pm at SCHOOL CAMPUS 28 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . GURGAON proudly presents THE NEVER-NEVER NEST a hilarious comedy by CEDRIC MOUNT for the benefit of Spastic Society of India on SATURDAY. 100 each COME. 28th OCTOBER 200X Entry: Donor Tickets of Rs. BLINDNESS H A great handicap H Hinders Development H Makes one dependent on others H Checks Potential H Object of pity & Sympathy HELP THE BLIND GIVE THEM LIGHT not money or petty jobs DONATE EYES LIVE AFTER DEATH CONTACT: Eye Bank of Your City Secretary EYE BANK. MADURAI 2. ENJOY & HELP A NOBLE CAUSE Cultural Secretary Dramatic Club SPSG WORKSHEET–41 1. MEERUT in aid of flood-affected people on WEDNESDAY. AN ATTRACTIVE & COLOURFUL DIW ALI MEL A DIWALI organised by ST.WORKSHEET–40 1. Dramatic Club SALWAN PUBLIC SCHOOL. MARY PUBLIC SCHOOL. CIVIL HOSPITAL. 20/Kids : Rs.m. 200X 6 p. CHENNAI will conjointly organise DIWALI MELA at NEHRU STADIUM from 3 to 6 October.Remember it’s: A Day of Fun and Frolics H Merry go-rounds H Gymnastics H Electronic Games H Snack Stalls H Gun Contests H Fancy Dress Entry by Tickets Come one : Come all Help a noble cause 2. PLANT TREES & LIVE LONGER Trees are our friends Trees release oxygen Trees suck carbon Trees bring rain Trees check soil erosion Trees provide shade & greenery JOIN TREE PLANTATION CAMPAIGN ON SUNDAY. Murlitharan President Leo Club. 8 OCTOBER 200X at 9. Temple Town A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 29 .00 am SARVODAYA SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL. 5/- ATTRACTIONS ✫ ✫ FUN GAMES FOR KIDS MERRY GO-ROUNDS ✫ ✫ TAMBOLA EATABLES FOR ALL TASTES ATTRACTIVE PRIZES R. LIONS CLUB AND LEO CLUB. onwards each day Entry Fee : Adults : Rs. JAIPUR WORKSHEET–42 1. New Delhi announces Commencement of 15th batch for IIT & CPMT aspirants Special Features È Expert guidance by specialists È Scientifically prepared study material È Periodic tests and assessments È Reasonable fees OUR TEN STUDENTS TOP IN IIT/CPMT/GNAT Limited Seats Contact: Dr. A. Jha. EXCELLENT COACHING CENTRE D-24. Director Phone: 22343256 30 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII .N. Boat Club Road.2. Tailang. S.P. Mobile phones and cameras are not allowed please.m.00 p. Wonderland Public School Phone: 2342034 Mobile: 9891002034 Kindly be seated by 5. 2. 200X at 5 p.m.45 p. Mr.: 26165423. The Principal. noted Environmentalist has kindly consented to be the Guest of Honour. 26193467 Please occupy your seats by 4. RSVP Ph. Staff and Students of Wonderland Public School cordially invite you to the ANNUAL DAY CELEBRATION at Hawk Auditorium on 5th April 200X at 6.J.m.45 p. RSVP Principal. INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL. Staff and Students of M. DELHI cordially invite you to their ANNUAL DAY FUNCTION at The School Auditorium on 15 November. The Principal.m. Valid for two only A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 31 .SECTION B SHORT COMPOSITION (Invitations) WORKSHEET–43 1. The Hon’ble Chief Minister of Delhi has kindly consented to be the Chief Guest. at 8. Yours sincerely Aditi 32 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . With regards Yours faithfully Rohit Khanna Secretary 2.30 p. on 25th July. Vaid 18 Defence Colony New Delhi Sir Subject: Invitation to deliver a talk The Value Education Club of our school will feel obliged if you could kindly spare some time to speak on ‘The Importance of Devotion. and in the course I was mad to go in for. New Delhi 27 August. Value Education Club Vivekananda Sr. Please do come.m. 200X Dear Dipti You will be glad to know that I have secured admission in I. Dedication and Discipline’ on any Friday afternoon.B.I. School Roop Nagar.WORKSHEET–44 1.T. Kindly intimate the date and time convenient to you. 200X Mr K. I hope you won't disappoint me. C-38 Hope Apartments Gurgaon–14 15 July. It is an occasion for celebrations and merry making. Sec. I want to share a few happy moments of my life in the company of my old friends at a dinner at the Vimpy's South City Gurgaon.F. 25. Rani Jhansi Road New Delhi 5 March. 200X The Secretary Lions Club. Karnal Sir Sub: Acceptance of invitation Thanks for your invitation for a seminar on ‘Fundamental Rights of Children’. 158–MIG Flats Dilshad Garden. Yours sincerely Akshya/Aakiriti 2. I would like to utilise this opportunity to share my experiences with other like minded enthusiasts and experts. Yours sincerely Rahul/Neha WORKSHEET–46 1. I regret my inability to accept the invitation because of a prior engagement.SECTION B SHORT COMPOSITION (Replies to Invitations) WORKSHEET–45 1. ABC School New Delhi 7 March 200X The Professor Incharge NCERT New Delhi A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 33 . and your concern for the children. 13 March 200X. I wish the function all success. 200X The Secretary Youth Club. Please do keep in touch. Vivek Vihar New Delhi Sir Sub: Inability to accept invitation I whole heartedly express my thanks to you and your club for inviting me to act as a judge in the inter-school group song competition on Monday. New Delhi 7 March. I hereby confirm my participation in the seminar. I regret my inability to accept the invitation because of a prior engagement. Please do keep in touch.Madam Sub: Education for All I would like to thank you for inviting our school for the proposed seminar on ‘Education for All’ being organised by your Institute. Yours sincerely Sachin/Shama 2. 200X. Looking forward to an early response. Yours sincerely Mohan/Molly 34 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . New Delhi 7 March 200X The President The Lions Club. Kindly send me a copy of the working paper prepared for the seminar so that I can prepare myself properly and make a meaningful contribution in the deliberations at the seminar. 138–MIG Flats Moti Bagh. Vasant Vihar New Delhi Sir Sub: Inability to accept invitation I whole-heartedly express my thanks to you and your club for inviting me to act as one of the judges for the Children’s Day fancy dress competition on Monday. March 15. I wish the function all success. A PLACE OF INTEREST The Taj at Agra is a place of historical interest. 2. There is arrangement for yoga classes in the morning. we enjoy boating in the lake of the park. It is indeed a wonder—a dream in marble. The tall trees along the canal amidst the grassy lawns add to the splendour of the building which casts its shadow on the bright clear water. The main entrance to the Taj provides a panoramic glimpse of the celebrated building. COMPUTER WING INAUGURATED The computer wing of Rajeev Gandhi Memorial Senior Secondary School. It is a wonderful addition to school and was possible with the generous grants offered by Rajeev Gandhi Foundation. Newspaper and magazines are kept in the reading room. assured the donors that proper use will be made of their generous gift. which had organised this function. It has a big hall and four rooms. During hot summer. The library has fans and it is well ventilated. The assistant librarian and restorer sit at the counter. The Taj is a double storey building. It is built on a high pedestal with four minarets at the four corners and a huge dome on the top. Parks are called the lungs of a city. She advised them to realise the importance of computer in the modern age and to offer encouraging results in the modern scientific age. There are shady trees along the boundary wall. computers and robots will lead India to the path of glory in the new millennium. It is spread in four acres with a road skirting its boundary wall. The Chairperson. The Taj stands on the bank of the Yamuna at Agra. OUR SCHOOL LIBRARY Our school library is housed in a separate block. WORKSHEET–48 1. Grassy lawns. With these improvements our library would become the pride of the town. It has reference books. electronics and basic ideas of science. Books are kept in almirahs in the hall. The addition of computer wing to the school is a step towards complete and perfect education. Mrs Gandhi exhorted the students to learn computer science. The visit is still vivid in my memory as the Taj has left a deep imprint on my mind and heart. beds of flowers and fountains sprinkling water add to its beauty and charm. Our park fulfils all the functions of a green space in the jungle of concrete. The display board showing the covers of new arrivals should be placed in the porch. The Taj contains the graves of the royal couple. Allahabad was inaugurated yesterday by Mrs Sonia Gandhi. I visited the Taj recently. boys and girls take active part in these. The marble walls of this building have engravings and are embedded with precious stones. The use of advanced technology. Students and teachers go there when they are free. It provides welcome relief from the heat of the blazing sun. It was got constructed by Emperor Shahjehan in the memory of his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal and called Taj Mahal. The Students’ Council. Men and women. The park caters to the needs of citizens of all age groups. It lacks airconditioning and facility of internet. THE PARK IN OUR LOCALITY Our locality is quite lucky in having a central park. computer and photostat machine. Some like to stroll on the paved paths while children enjoy rolling on the grass. 2.SECTION B REPORT OR FACTUAL DESCRIPTION (Events or Experiences) WORKSHEET–47 1. adjacent to the community centre. These almirahs have glass fronts. A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 35 . The librarian sits in another room. Fill in the other particulars on the form and appended card.SECTION B REPORT OR FACTUAL DESCRIPTION (Processes) WORKSHEET–49 1. Then you go to the deposit counter and deposit the money mentioning ‘New Account’. Then you will be issued a pass-book and cheque book. You have to put your signature at certain places. Go to a bank and obtain the prescribed printed form for opening an account. The signatures on the card are termed specimen signatures and referred to for comparison everytime you withdraw money from the bank. You can deposit money in your account now or withdraw it by filling a withdrawal form or cheque. 36 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . It is safe as well as profitable. These days photographs are essential. Try yourself. Paste two passport size photographs on the space provided for this purpose. The process of opening a saving bank account is quite simple. OPENING A SAVING BANK ACCOUNT These days people prefer to keep money in a bank. 2. You need an account holder of the bank to introduce you. As many as twenty five schools participated. newspapers and pictures dealing with Shivaji’s life and contribution to Hindu Nation revised the struggles he faced and the ultimate glory he achieved. Kolkata. along with my classmates. In short. A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 37 . ‘The Hungry Babe’ and ‘Whirlpool’—give a glimpse of the concern of the students and teachers about the prevailing situations and the future of the nation. art and culture. They represent every branch of science. It has collections from all parts of the country. The dresses. and finished metals. The themes deal with burning problems like unemployment.e. magazines. A special feature of the museum was the Shivaji section. hunger and famine and the vortex of problems in life. Some of them exhibited India’s progress in the field of communications and missiles technology. organised jointly by the city schools at Central School. Each house tried to present the best possible plays dealing with current socio-political-economic questions. art and culture of that era. visited the science exhibition. Students tried to answer their queries as best as they could. organised a visit to the local museum on Children’s Day. dresses and warweapons belonging to different periods were on display. organization and dedication of the budding scientists. The titles of the plays—‘Post Graduate’. They began with man’s helplessness against the forces of nature and the prevailing circumstances. ‘The New Horizon’. 24th November. The State Museum was housed in a big building. Books. The antique articles are well arranged. There were about 150 exhibits on display. ores. the visit was entertaining as well as rewarding. These throw light on the history. Old paintings. Kolkata: 25 November SCIENCE EXHIBITION (A report by Rama) The previous day i. WORKSHEET–51 1. opportunities in careers. Shonit of Tagore house was adjudged the best actor. ornaments and weapon of the celebrated Maratha warrior impressed everyone. 2. All the visitors felt impressed by the intelligence. I.SECTION B REPORT OR FACTUAL DESCRIPTION (Reports for School Magazines) WORKSHEET–50 1. Pune. The bio-diesel prototypes attracted a lot of visitors. We saw specimens of rocks. Pune: 15 November VISIT TO THE LOCAL MUSEUM (A report by Ram/Rohini) Sun Public School. The Science Exhibition was inaugurated by the State Minister for Education. Some models were operated by electricity. INTER-HOUSE DRAMA COMPETITION (A report by Sunil/Sunita) Allahabad: 25 October During the cultural week an Inter-House Drama Competition for the students of the four houses of our school was organised. but ended on an optimistic note. The presence of singers such as Sunidhi Chauhan and Kumar Sanu also drew the audience. ‘Ozone hole and Global Warming’. The tickets were highly priced but they were all sold out. Most of the parents who came for the show also contributed generously by buying all the eatables prepared by the students. Exhibitions and seminars need to be organised for the public so that we get rid of deadly pollution. air and noise and we are on the brink of extinction. The entire community seemed to come together to help the noble cause. Well known celebrities and singers graced the occasion. Agra celebrated the World Heritage Day yesterday i.e. Placard and Banner-writing contests were orgainsed. Lucknow: 6th June Sun Public School took a leading step in celebrating the ‘World Environment Day’ on 5th June this year. soil. The people who came for the show really appreciated the song. The evening was a huge sellout due to the intensive marketing done by the staff and students of the school. Our Principal exhorted us to try our level best to preserve our monuments because they are our heritage. An exhibition of these paintings sensitised the visitors about the need to preserve environment. the students to take a timely step and check any further deterioration in our cultural heritage. Our vehicles too use noise resistant horns and play them by using C. Delhi: 18 May The Amnesty Public School organised a musical night for the parents and general public of Lucknow. MUSICAL EXTRAVAGANZA (A report by Aseem) WORLD ENVIRONMENT DAY (A report by Bharat/Bharati) 38 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . Shri B. On this hot summer morning children belonging to at least 20 local schools participated in an On-the-spot Painting Competition. music and dance blended together. It devolved on the younger generation.L. disfigure or spoil the ancient artefacts must be brought to book. WORKSHEET–52 1. The huge amount of money was generated to help the victims of Aids being taken care of by the orphanage CARING HOME. Social organisations should participate to educate the masses on the harms of pollution. history and culture of the bygone era was screened. This was followed by a seminar on world environment day in which more than 25 students participated in the discussion. During the discussion it was resolved that we should plant trees and saplings on all the open spaces. the 18th April. He pointed out that some of these relics of the past were crumbling to ruins.N. The participants presented in written papers suggesting ways and means to control pollution. Srivastava applauded the effort of the school in mobilising resources to help a charitable cause. Even population explosion is causing a great threat to our environment. Sun Public School. A film show depicting our famous monuments. Our every nook and corner is being polluted by different objects and they have posted a big challenge to our survival. 2. ‘Preserving Environmental Purity’ and ‘Measures to check Environmental Pollution’. All agreed that our environment is under pollution through various agents like water.2. Agra: 19 April WORLD HERITAGE DAY (A report by Ram/Rama) Like the previous years.G. Inter-house Poster-making. The evening ended on a positive note when the Guest of Honour. Those who deface. The theme of the paintings were: ‘Dangers to Environment’. Hope. revealed this bitter truth. Sometimes even their ultimate shelter becomes helpless to provide them solace in their old age. i. The famous nutrition A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 39 . The fisherman of those coastal areas have lost almost everything to the gigantic waves. BRIGHTEN THE EVENING OF THEIR LIVES (Nandan/Nalini. Every effort is being made to restart life. only to find their families snatched by the deadly waves. hobby classes were started. Lack of funds and infrastructure have proved a great hindrance in meeting even the basic necessities of the inmates. Their active involvement in routine life has made them feel confident and worthy.e.SECTION B REPORT OR FACTUAL DESCRIPTION (Reports for Newspapers) WORKSHEET–53 LIFE AFTER TRAUMATIC TSUNAMI (Rajan/Ranjita. This home for the aged is mired in financial crisis. whose number has swelled to 200. Siemens Foundation have adopted coastal villages for their rehabilitation and counselling. Saksham. Nellore: 10 Dec Chaos. Miseries and sorrows are writ large on their faces. These experienced senior citizens shared their skills like painting. member Disha. food and clothes are being distributed. reporter ‘The Young India’) Delhi: 5 October To promote healthy eating habits among school children. Vaibav Public School. waiting for their turn to get some relief and help to begin their lives anew. Most of them are languishing in temporary shelters erected by NGOs and government agencies. A visit to ‘Sandhya’ an old age home. Some of them who were in the mid sea returned safely. Fresh drinking water. NGO like Times Group. although their hearts are full of grief at losing their loved ones. people are trying hard to come to terms with their lives. Hastinapur organised a Nutritious Food and Snacks Competition on Oct. NUTRITIOUS FOOD AND SNACKS COMPETITION (Archana/Anjum. With the flow of cash in the form of contributions. Gathering the remains after the devastating calamity. WORKSHEET–54 1. Special Correspondent. Disaster Management teams are working round the clock to clear off the debris and prevent the break out of epidemics. We took the initiative to arrange an outing for these senior citizens to give them respite from dull and monotonous. destruction and horror are the common expressions one finds while visiting the Tsunami hit coastal areas. 2005 in the school premises. The visit of students of Springfield school brought cheer and inspiration to the aged to enjoy life. The efforts of our organisation ‘Disha’ to mobilize funds and awaken the conscience of the society have proved quite successful. The competition was open to both the students as well as their parents. sewing etc. death. 2. an NGO) Kolkata: 25 September Unfortunate are those who are rendered homeless in the evening of their lives. ‘The Times of India’) 1. with local residents. double the capacity of ‘home’. stitching. They are hoping against hope to be reunited as the dead bodies of the lost ones have not been traced so far. 5. the RWA. Delhi: 2nd May Orphans are not born orphans. The visits of local leaders have made the inmates feel that they are not neglected by society. held an emergency meeting to RELIEF MEASURES UNDERTAKEN (Mithun/Mallika. an NGO) WORKSHEET–55 1. A visit to ‘Aishraya’ an orphanage for children revealed the pathetic state of existence of the inmates. sandwiches. organised a campaign to mobile funds and awaken the conscience of the society. It provides training in some craft to make the children independent. Mrs. The spread was a real feast for the eyes and a gourmet’s delight. student reporter) 40 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . 15 In view of the immense loss of life and property caused by the devastating earthquake in the Western Himalayas on 8th Oct. Dr. was the Chief Guest. were aesthetically displayed with complementing cutlery and serviette. stressed on the need for healthy eating habits by strongly condemning the growing craze for fast food and cola drinks among the teenagers. The situation took a turn for the worse with the arrival of about 50 more destitute. an NGO was the other resource person. Around 100 teachers and 250 students from various educational institutions participated in the workshop. helpless and hopeless unfortunates. the society secretary was the main speaker. Disha. member Disha. Bobby Sareen of Class IX won the first prize for a tasty sprout preparation which was low in fat and high in fibre content. RAY OF HOPE FOR THE UNFORTUNATES (Nandan/Nalini. The reason behind this was financial crisis. finally. He cited statistics from World Disaster Report and identified areas. Subha Rao. 200X. more vulnerable to earthquake in the states. Harihar Narayan. Delhi: Oct. People felt shocked on watching the street plays depicting the plight of orphans. The competition was enjoyed by one and all. He also explained the precautionary measures to be taken by the public and the government in case of emergency. She focussed on the capacity assessment highlighted the problems of rehabilitation and relief work. easy-tomake. Noida: 30 January Keeping in view the frequent occurrence of earthquakes. Shikha Sharma. Dr. A training centre has been opened. A diet questionnaire was first distributed among the contestants to set various dietary goals. Charity shows. untimely death of parents or quirks of fate. in association with the Indian Red Cross Society organised a talk on Disaster Management. Noida. soups. low fat beverage’s and salads etc. Mr. 2.consultant. Now all the inmates have joined the local school. The session included a multimedia presentation on the aftermath in the disaster struck areas of Jammu and Kashmir and Pakistan. Vikas Colony. We submitted a proposal to the management to let us help them in running the orphanage. but made orphans by circumstances. fete and balls for the elite class helped us collect money. A mock evacuation drill was also conducted by the volunteers from the NCC team of the school. Secretary ‘Seva’. A variety of mouth-watering. The orphanages. 2. The workshop was really enlightening for one and all. reporter ‘The Delhi Times’) WORKSHOP ON DISASTER MANAGEMENT (Ravi/Rani. Our NGO. APS School. sometimes fail to provide even basic amenities to the hapless. they take shelter in. Unfortunate are those who are rendered homeless and deprived of parental affection and care in their tender age. Sharma. The sudden demise of two of its patrons resulted in cash crunch. Makhani. An eleven-member team was appointed to coordinate and transport relief supplies to the strategic places. The funds collected were to be forwarded to the Prime Minister’s Relief Fund. the convener. The action committee then drew up a plan to expedite the relief work. was meant to serve a family for two days.discuss various relief measures for the victims. It was decided to transport and distribute relief-care packages as well as blankets. Mr. Chopra. medicines and tents for the survivors. Each relief care package containing rations of dry food. A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 41 . milk powder and water cans etc. Collection points were finally fixed for the residents to deposit their material and food items. briefed the members about the situation. Mr. the President RWA. urged the volunteers to prepare 1000 such packages. (a) the number of students in each group. you should not join the rat race of choosing the science stream. (iii) You may appear in a competitive examination for bank recruitment etc. (c) fee for the whole course.SECTION B LETTER WRITING (Business/Official Letters) WORKSHEET–56 1. who is intelligent as well as diligent. medicine or engineering. but I feel that she is a bit timid and lacks self-confidence. (ii) In case you want to seek employment. As a student of commerce you may learn business/management in practice. She certainly needs some skilled guidance and training in personality development. leadership and interaction. 251. I would therefore suggest that you should opt for commerce group. (i) Your father is a successful businessman. I felt elated when you sought my advice whether to opt for science or commerce group in XI standard. There are some other reasons behind this choice. She does not want to opt for the traditional prestigious courses in science viz. 175C–Janakpuri New Delhi 20 June 200X The Director The Centre for Creativity and Development Mall Road Delhi Sir Sub: Information regarding 8-week Summer Course My younger sister has just passed the All India Secondary School Examination of CBSE. She consulted her language teacher on the subject and he advised her to join your centre for this purpose. You can manage and expand it with your knowledge of commerce and English. Kindly supply me the following information regarding the 8-week summer course in leadership. Secondly. She is a brilliant student and has secured 85% marks in X. She is enamoured of the information technology. (b) whether separate coaching classes are held for girls. your commerce degree may help you get a good job in some multinational firm. I know that you are a practical person. Yours faithfully Rakesh Gupta 2. Navy Nagar Colaba. he may set up a small unit for you and invest in it. 42 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . In my opinion. Mumbai 17 March 200X Dear Priyanka Received your affectionate letter and was glad to note that you are going to complete X standard. (d) whether fee is accepted in two/three instalments. The terms and conditions for rent are as under: (i) A refundable security of rupees two lakh.I do hope you will consider all these points before arriving at any decision. Bengaluru Ref. grey trousers. I have chosen this multicoloured dress—white coat.000 pm payable in advance. Nambaccum Chennai Sir Sub: Offer of a premises on rent Reference your advertisement in The Hindu dated 18 April regarding availability of a suitable accommodation in the central market for your office. red shirt and a bowler’s hat with a pink ribbon to help you recognise me at once. 200X Dear Albert I am looking forward to your visit to the City of Joy i. 5 at 4. 10. Anna Nagar. Kolkata.. This is an ideal location for all kinds of business establishments. PLANWEL COMPANY Tarapore Towers. (iii) Electricity and water charges extra. In this connection we desire to inform you that we have a suitable office located in the vicinity of the central market. I shall reach platform no. In case your train should arrive before time or if I am held up in traffic jam. Vishnu Wasan Office Manager 2. please contact the undersigned within a week.m. Your coach M-5 will be just near that stall. The accommodation (with roads on two sides) comprises a big hall 25' × 40' with two adjoining rooms 12' × 15' each and an inter-connected pantry and toilet. (v) Rental lease will lapse after eleven months. Hoping to see you soon. 20/PC/35 19 April. (iv) Sanitation at your disposal. MG Road. There are three nationalised banks on the opposite road. (ii) Rent of Rs. please call me on my mobile phone number 9136875543.e. and wait near the Brooke Bond Tea Stall. Since your train from Delhi arrives at 4. I do hope you will experience no difficulty. 27. In case the above-mentioned terms are acceptable. Lawrence Road Kolkata 19 September.30 p. With love Yours sincerely Piyush WORKSHEET–57 1. 200X The Manager Apex Information Centre 3.25 p. In order to help you identify me I am sending my photograph in the get up I shall be putting on. No.m. The city is connected to the Railway Station by means of a famous bridge known as HOWRAH BRIDGE after the station. Yours sincerely Sukomal Sen A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 43 . Yours faithfully. It seems that the law regarding girl’s marriage is not at all being implemented properly. the commercialisation of residential space in this colony has attracted workshops and small scale industries resulting in pollution and noise and causing annoyance and disturbance to the peaceful lives of the citizens. I plead to you to bring our problems to the notice of the concerned authorities and persuade/motivate them to take immediate remedial action. People conveniently forget that the main cause of pregnancy related deaths is motherhood in the teens. Yours faithfully Savita Sen 2. 20XX The Editor The Rohtak Times Rohtak Sir Subject: Problems of residents of Indira Colony The residents of Indira Colony are victims of twin problems. 23 Rifle Lane Jhansi 30 January. 25 Indira Colony Rohtak 17 June. Secondly. The presence of many bigwigs of society accorded these group marriages prestige in society. 20XX The Editor The Bhopal Times Bhopal Sir Subject: Child-marriages Yesterday we went to the Laxmi Narayan temple to worship the deities on Basant Panchmi Day. Yours faithfully Anjana Malik 44 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . As a resident of the colony. The frequent load shedding and power cuts for long periods have made lives miserable during these hot days of June. What horrified my sensibility was a queue of young girls—hardly sixteen years in age and dressed in bridal clothes.SECTION B LETTER WRITING (Letters to Editors) WORKSHEET–58 1. I was shocked beyond belief that this evil practice of early marriage still continued in spite of legal ban. I hope the government agencies will enforce the law strictly and save the lives of many innocent women and babies. waiting to be married off to their respective bridegrooms arrayed in the opposite row. Self-defence training should be provided to all students as a part of the school curriculum. Yours faithfully Bharat Reddy 2. Let games and electronic media do the rest. Resident Welfare Organisations. The policing needs to undergo a rapid transformation by involving the community at large. Can’t we reduce the content of school bags? Why not keep the books and exercise books at schools in their desks. Newspaper headlines everyday are splashed with details of crimes ranging from petty chain snatching incidents to daring burglaries and gory blood chilling murders. Yours truly Ranjit A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 45 . Sometimes these bags seem heavier than the kids and cause severe strain on the young shoulders. MLA’s. What is our society coming to? It is indeed a matter of great shame that the police has become ineffective and cannot check the rise of unprecedented crime graph. It is high time that we rise with a heightened sense of urgency to tackle this serious issue. It is even more shocking that the judiciary seems to have lost its voice and criminals are acquitted of charges ranging from kidnapping to rape and murder. It is time the educationists realised the plight of these kids and evolved ways to lessen their burden. An improvement in techniques of education is essential in the new millennium. No city. People need to be vigilant at all times and report any suspicious activity noticed in their surroundings to the local authorities. 20XX The Editor The Indian Express Hyderabad-24 Sir Sub: Load of Heavy Bags on Primary School Kids Through the columns of your prestigious newspaper I want to draw the attention of the government about the undesirability of primary school students carrying heavy bags to their school. The Editor The Times of India New Delhi 5 April. 200X Sir Sub: Security—A Major Concern I wish to draw your attention to the crimes which are being perpetuated on a daily basis against the common citizens of this country. It becomes odd for them to get into the school bus. The police force needs to be trained and empowered to develop a more positive image in the eyes of the common person.WORKSHEET–59 1. street or home is safe and the people live in constant fear of life and property. NGO’s and other support systems must work in tandem to address these security concerns. 15/1129 Rajiv Nagar Ananthpur Andhra Pradesh 20 March. Stringent laws need to be put into place and enforced religiously. railway platforms. one thing stands out common which suggests a method in their madness. but no action seems to have been initiated so far as no tangible results can be perceived.namely the increase in daylight robberies and burglaries. 200X The Editor The New Indian Express Chennai Sub: Chain-snatching incidents Sir May I use the columns of your esteemed daily to draw the attention of the concerned authorities towards the increasing incidents of chain-snatching in the city. Kamraj Street Chennai 3 March. bus shelters and lonely or deserted roads are usually the scenes of these crimes. During the last fortnight twenty cases have been reported in the papers. It is hoped that the authorities will take prompt action. Yours faithfully Karthik 2. A rough and ready analysis of the cases cited above shows that most of them were either aged couples living alone or widows/widowers having no members of family with them. It is the victims who are targetted by them. Almost all these homes had trusted male servants/maid servants. 200X The Editor The Deccan Herald Bengaluru Sub: Daylight robberies and burglaries Sir Through the columns of your esteemed daily I want to draw the attention of the authorities towards an urgent law and order problem . More policemen with facility of wireless and mobile phones should be posted at sensitive points. Our organization has lodged several complaints with the police. 46 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . 23. Girls and ladies should not flaunt their ornaments or display them brazenly to tempt the chain-snatchers. However. It clearly points out the nexus between the criminals and the household helps. Crowded market places. These incidents have occurred in various parts of the city and no area seems immune from the criminals. 54.WORKSHEET–60 1. Cubbon Road Bengaluru–560 001 7 March. Concerted efforts should be undertaken. It seems that some anti-social elements have adopted this method to make a fast buck. It is suggested that the police as well as general public must take some strong steps and precautions to check these incidents and nab the culprits. It will be advisable to households not to engage domestic helps without proper verification of their conduct from the police. Yours faithfully Navin/Namitha A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 47 . I am confident that all these steps will help to curb the menace of daylight robberies and burglaries and the citizens will lead peaceful and carefree life. The Citizens Welfare Associations should evolve local supervision schedules. it is suggested that the police should augment day-time beat vigils and undertake a summary check of the antecedents of the households servants.Keeping in view the above. Commerce. English. I feel my qualifications and experience are good enough to enable me to discharge my duties. 1997 : Rs. V. Tamil. Name 2. Marital Status 9.D. Thanking you Yours faithfully Nipun (Nipun) Encl: Biodata BIODATA 1. Bhopal : 15 September 1970 (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) CBSE (10+2) B. 48 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . 9000 pm + perks : Unmarried : Hindi.SECTION B LETTER WRITING (Applications for a Job) WORKSHEET–61 1. (Hons) CA ICWAI 1987 1990 1994 1997 83% 73% 5. I attach herewith attested copies of my certificates and my biodata. Hyderabad Sir Sub: Application for the post of an Accountant In response to your advertisement in The Times of India dated 1 August 200X. Address 4. 200X The Personnel Manager Pioneers (Pvt. If given a chance.O. Languages known 10. Co. that I shall spare no pains in the discharge of my duty honestly and devotedly. Salary Expected 8. Father’s Name 3.K.) Ltd. Financial Advisor GRASIM (India) Bengaluru. Date of Birth : Nipun Verma : Mr Mohan Lal Verma : 23. Telugu : (i) Dr. Raman Villa. Sareen. Experience 7. Race Course Road. I will certainly win the confidence of my superiors. sir. Anand. Educational Qualifications : 6. I may assure you. 23 Raman Villa Race Course Road Bhopal August 11. H. I wish to be considered for the position mentioned above. Holker University. Indore (ii) Mr R. References : TISCO ‘Bhopal’ since Nov.Com. Agra. I feel my qualifications and experience are good enough to enable me to discharge my duties. (ii) Working as Deputy Development Officer with Canara Bank. dated 24 September.IBM (ii) Short term Computer Course . Mudgil 58.) 2001—V. I wish to be considered for the position mentioned above. 200X The Manager ICICI Bank Lucknow Sir Sub: Application for the post of Business Development Managers With reference to your advertisement in The Pioneer. I attach herewith my biodata and attested copies A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 49 .P. Please find enclosed my biodata/resume to enable you to assess my suitability for the aforesaid post Yours faithfully Pritham/Priti BIODATA/RESUME Name Father’s Name Address for Correspondence Contact No.000 pm plus usual perks. College. Age Educational Qualifications Professional Qualifications Work Experience : : : : : : : : Miss Priti Mudgil Mr V.N. Unmarried Proficient in spoken English and Customer Dealings Rs. Lucknow 09819600325 25 years (i) ISC from St. Kanpur.2. I offer my candidature for the same. 200X The Principal Rani Public School Kolkata Sir Sub: Application for the post of an English Teacher In response to your advertisement in The Statesman dated 15 March 200X. 20. Maria’s School. 1998—80% marks (ii) B. (Hons.Com. Kamala 6/39 Harrison Road Kolkata 17 March. Stay at Lucknow Marital Status Other Achievements Salary Expected Reasons for change : : : : WORKSHEET–62 1. Lucknow—6 months. Nirala Nagar. Nirala Nagar Lucknow 26 September.APTECH (i) Development Executive HFDC. 200X seeking applications for the post of Business Development Managers for the credit car section. Lucknow (i) Short term course in Money and Banking . 158. Ed. Sethi 217 B. If given a chance. 8. I may assure you sir. I think I fulfil all the eligibility conditions laid down by you. Phase II. 10.P. Kolkata 5 May 1980 1997 85% 2000 74% 2001 69% Rosemary School since July 200X Rs. Mayur Vihar New Delhi Sir Sub: Application for the post of an Accountant This is in response to your advertisement for the post of an Accountant published in ‘The Times of India’ dated 16 July.. that I shall prove worthy of the confidence reposed in me. I am seeking a change as it will give me a chance to work in a better academic atmosphere in your prestigious institution. 9. Presidency College Kolkata 2. 3. Hindi 1. Dr S. 2. 6000 + perks Unmarried English. Thanking you Yours faithfully Kamala Encl: Biodata & certificates BIODATA 1. HOD English Dept. Bengali. Mukherjee. Yours faithfully Saranya BIODATA Name Father’s Name Address for Correspondence : : : Miss Saranya Sethi Mr R. Hence I offer myself as one of the candidates. Lajpat Nagar Delhi 17 July. Name Father’s Name Address Date of Birth Educational Qualifications (i) CBSE (10 + 2) (ii) B. (Hons) (iii) B. 5. : : : : : 2. Experience Salary Expected Marital Status Languages known References : : : : : Kamala Pradhan Mr Biswajit Pradhan 6/39 Harrison Road. Mrs Bhattacharya. Saranya 217-B. 200X The Manager New India Anodisers A-10.A. Bali (Howrah) 6. My biodata is enclosed for your kind perusal. 4. Principal Rosemary School. 7.of certificates. New Delhi 50 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . Lajpat Nagar. (Hons. Noida Unmarried Rs.000 plus usual perks A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 51 . B. Noida—2 years Accountant.) 2001. 15. BPL Sales.C.Com.Contact No. LSR College (DU) Diploma in Advanced Accountancy (IBCM) Short Term Computer Course (APTECH) Accounts Clerk. Harsha Fans. Spencers: 11/2 years Junior Accountant. Age Educational Qualifications Professional Qualifications Work Experience Present Posting Marital Status Salary Expected : : : : : : : : 011-25731077 25 years (i) (ii) (i) (ii) (i) (ii) S.S. from CBSE 1998—85% marks. It is high living and simple thinking. Honourable Judges and Dear Audience I am here to present my views that ‘Value based education is the only remedy for decreasing the crime rate amongst the educated folk’. NEWSPAPERS OUGHT TO CONTAIN MORE NEWS AND FEWER ADVERTISEMENTS Respected Chairperson. They adopt 52 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . If we are keen enough to decrease the crime rate amongst the educated youth. shop-lifting. Employment opportunities should always be increased to channelise their energy. The social fabric is fast disintegrating. We have forgotten that money is a means to happiness and not an end in itself. I think that minimization of human wants is the only way to cleanse society of all kinds of corruption. Although we have progressed in the fields of science and technology there seems to be an awful decline in humanity and humanitarian values. trust. WORKSHEET–64 1. These uncontrolled desires have changed into needs. The foreign action films thrill their minds and lead them to emulate some of the tricks of their favourite heroes. We must inculcate in students the respect for values and good qualities such as honesty. we must bring a radical change in our system of education. We often hear of chain snatching. Now the roles have reversed. But recent incidents have revealed that young boys belonging to good families and respectable parents also indulge in criminal activities such as thefts. Means are no longer important. One must make a fast buck—that seems to be the compelling motive behind every young person in quest of millions. Like all other professionals. It is painful to see that journalists have lost all ethics and professionalism today. It is said that unemployment and poverty force the youth to adopt criminal activities. VALUE BASED EDUCATION—REMEDY TO DECREASE CRIME (by Kamakshi/Kuber) Respected Chairperson. Devoid of parental care and control these youngsters crave for fun and adventure. It is the biggest killer and crippler of modern society. Murder for money is the latest phenomenon indulged in by anti-social elements. Mushrooming of wants have compelled modern man to run after money like a lunatic. Corruption has ingrained itself deep in our society. truthfulness. MINIMIZATION OF HUMAN WANTS IS THE ONLY WAY TO CLEANSE SOCIETY FROM CORRUPTION Respected Chairman and Friends. Corruption is a canker that eats into the vitals of our society.SECTION B LONG COMPOSITION (Articles for School Magazines) WORKSHEET–63 1. August Faculty and Dear Friends. Human beings have increased their desires. stabbing. the pressmen are also attracted by the lure of the lucre. In the past the slogan of life was simple living and high thinking. People are lured by wealth and do not bother how it is earned. A complete change of attitude is essential. kidnapping and robbery. kindness and self-sacrifice. Our daily newspapers are replete with scams and malpractices which have become the hallmark of the present day social set-up. borrowings and car-lifting. 2. The headlines of daily newspapers are filled with gory details of crimes committed by educated gentlemen. The root of this malaise lies in materialism and growing consumerism. We got an opportunity to interact with the lepers who revealed their feelings and problems. They are a necessary evil and must stay. 2. Being afflicted by a wasting disease. they lose their fingers. The owners and editors of the newspapers must also realise their responsibility to the nation. That is why they are compelled to dwell far apart in a lonely nook. This home was situated far away from the town. They try to sensationalise the news to win more readers. In fact it is these ads which provide the owners the requisite funds. fruits and clothes. They feel themselves a neglected lot. A common man buys a newspaper for news. We drove there with eatables. Government and society should make suitable provisions for these unfortunate victims of leprosy. The press is the strongest pillar of democracy. Proper treatment can cure them and make them respectable citizens. They deserve sympathy and not hatred. They are considered worse than untouchables or outcastes. We could learn to judge things from their perspective. Then we understood their agony. fingers and toes make their appearance revolting and nauseating. It would be better that the editors publish a classified advertisement supplement twice or thrice a week and save the general reader from the proliferation of advertisements while scanning the pages for views and news. However. advertisements cannot be ruled out. THE PROBLEMS OF THE LEPERS The Value Education Club of our school organised a visit to the ‘Home for the Lepers’ in our town.diverse techniques to increase the revenue of their paper. It must have plenty of commercial advertisements to meet its running costs. The newspapers must maintain a balance between news and advertisements. A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 53 . Thus. Festering wounds on their palms. It creates sensible public opinion in favour of good policies and criticizes the wrong policies. even the newspaper having the largest circulation is not selfdependent. The problems of deprived and exploited children should also be brought to the notice of social workers. Our first effort. industrialisation and rapid transport have resulted in pollution. The citizens must become cleanliness conscious. has brought deafness to millions. instead of heaping them together. We can keep our environment clean by minimising the harmful gases spewn by the automobiles by sharing the vehicles. Proper steps should be taken for garbage disposal. Insanitary conditions of the streets not only give the city a filthy and ugly look. general public and parents to build general awareness. The replacement of diesel driven buses by CNG buses will help to reduce the suspended particulate matter in the air. Dirt and disease thrive together. medicine and agriculture. 2. It is perhaps most relevant nowadays when environmental pollution is increasing day by day. industries. WORKSHEET–66 1. matches. The atmosphere in these factories is not conducive to health. 54 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . therefore. The tall chimneys of factories emit out smoke and pollute the air. noise and food. Population explosion has increased the population of cities. Consequently city dwellers have become victims of incurable chest related diseases. they also breed many harmful disease causing bacteria. ‘CLEAN YOUR CITY’ CAMPAIGN ‘Cleanliness is next to godliness’ is an old adage. Prevention is better than cure. The use of biogas and other eco-friendly materials can help to keep the kitchen clean. shops and restaurants. water. buses and other vehicles spreads poisonous gases as well as suspended particulate matter. Only then child labour can be eliminated. is to keep our surroundings clean. BAN CHILD LABOUR Children can be seen working in various jobs which are meant only for adults such as housebuilding activities. Even the water has become so polluted that fish do not find their survival there. vehicles. 23 October 200X (by Pravin Chopra) Environmental pollution is the most dangerous health hazard for the modern generation. usually employ child labour. An enlightened public can force the greedy factory owners to desist from the profit motive of employing small children in factories. The ‘clean your city’ campaign launched by the magazine ‘Our Good Earth’ aims at making us conscious of cleanliness of our surroundings. Children are forced to work there for long hours on low wages. Factories making bangles. factories.SECTION B LONG COMPOSITION (Articles for Newspapers) WORKSHEET–65 1. The noise of machines in factories. Progress in science and technology has resulted in advancement in the fields of industry. transport. The real solution lies in proper implementation of the ban on child labour. etc. People should separate their household solid waste in two parts—biodegradable and non-biodegradable. crackers. The working conditions are awful and unhealthy. Certain species face extermination and humanity is under a great threat. This exploitation of child-labour goes on despite several laws banning the employment of children in hazardous industries. Incinerators should be installed at proper places. Our environment is being polluted by different means through air. The smoke spewed by trucks. carpets etc. Empowered committees should inspect the factories without prior notice and take stringent action against those industrialists who flout the law. Urbanisation. loudspeakers. HAZARDS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION The Bugle. ROLE OF YOUTH IN COMBATING CORRUPTION The Yugantar. pure air has become a thing of the past. vegetables and fruits has also been polluted by the excessive use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers. A D V A N C E D W R I T I N G S K I L L S 55 . 25 Nov. A beginning can be made in this direction by holding anti-corruption drives. It is the youth and specially students who have to take cudgels against this demon of corruption and crush it altogether. it percolates from the top to the bottom. In government offices.Inhaling fresh. Our soil which produces grain. Corruption seems to rule the roost everywhere. It seems that the older generation has given the go by to all that was good in India. The soil pollution is contaminating the rivers along with the rainfall. 200X (by Mohit Sen) Corruption is rampant in our social and political life. Nobody is free from the needle of suspicion. ‘You pay the piper and call the tune’ or ‘Money makes the mare go’ are the unwritten tenets of our administrative-cum-political set up. Students should take a pledge to resist the temptation of using unfair means in examination. Like cancer it is eating into the vitals of the society. 2. The dedicated efforts of honest youth are bound to succeed in the long run in demolishing and vanquishing this social evil which has earned us a bad name. relatives and parents to curb this evil at all cost. The ill-effects of corruption in public life should be publicised through inter-school declamation and essay-writing contests. They can also go a step further and persuade their friends. Self-serving politicians and their agents and power brokers can stoop to any extent to feather their own nest. Section–C TEXTBOOKS . SECTION C MY MOTHER AT SIXTY-SIX (Kamala Das) SOLUTIONS TO WORKSHEETS OF VOL. I WORKSHEET–67 1. (a) The poet was driving from her parent’s home to the Cochin airport. Her mother was sitting beside her. (b) She noticed that her mother was dozing with her mouth open. (c) Her mother’s face looked pale, faded and lifeless like a dead body. (d) (i) doze (ii) corpse (iii) realised. 2. (1) When the poet sees the pale and corpse-like face of her mother, her old familiar pain or the ache returns. Perhaps she has entertained this fear since her childhood. Ageing is a natural process. Time and ageing spare none. Time and ageing have not spared the poet’s mother and may not spare her as well. With this ageing, separation and death become inevitable. (2) The poet is driving to the Cochin airport. When she looks outside, the young trees seem to be walking past them. With the speed of the car they seem to be running fast or sprinting. The poet presents a contrast—her ‘dozing’ old mother and the ‘sprinting’ young trees. (3) The poet has brought in the image of merry children ‘spilling out of their homes’ to present a contrast. The merry children coming out of their homes in large numbers present an image of happiness and spontaneous overflow of life. This image is in stark contrast to the ‘dozing’ old mother, whose ‘ashen’ face looks lifeless and pale like a corpse. She is an image of ageing, decay and passivity. The contrast of the two images enhances the poetic effect. WORKSHEET–68 1. (a) Her mother was lost somewhere else in thoughts. It pained her. (b) The poet withdrew her thoughts from her mother and looked outside. (c) The young trees growing outside went past as if they were sprinting. Happy children were coming out of their houses. (d) (i) sprinting (ii) merry (iii) spilling. 2. (1) The poet’s mother is sixty-six year old. Her shrunken ‘ashen’ face resembles a corpse. She has lost her shine and strength of youth. Similarly, the late winter’s moon looks hazy and obscure. It too lacks shine and strength. The comparison is quite natural and appropriate. The simile used here is apt as well as effective. (2) The poet’s parting words of assurance and her smiles provide a stark contrast to the old familiar ache or fear of the childhood. Her words and smiles are a deliberate attempt to hide her real feelings. The parting words: “See you soon, Amma” give an assurance to the old lady whose ‘ashen face’ looks like a corpse. Similarly, her continuous smiles are an attempt to overcome the ache and fear inside her heart. (3) The poet was driving from her parent’s home to the Cochin airport. The poet’s mother had come to see her off. She was sitting beside her. She was dozing with her mouth open. The words ‘driving’ and ‘doze’ provide a contrast between images of dynamic activity and static passivity respectively. T E X T B O O K S 57 SECTION C AN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CLASSROOM IN A SLUM (Stephen Spender) WORKSHEET–69 1. (a) These children are sitting in the school classroom in a slum which is far far away from the winds or waves blowing strongly. (b) The faces of these children look pale. Their uncombed and unkempt hair look like rootless wild plants. (c) The head of the tall girl is weighed down by the burdens of the world. She feels depressed, ill and exhausted. (d) It means that the boy is exceptionally thin, weak and hungry. 2. (1) The colour of ‘sour cream’ is off white. The poet has used this expression to suggest the decaying aspect. The deterioration in the colour of the classroom walls symbolises the pathetic condition of the lives of the scholars—the children of this slum-school. (2) These pictures that decorate the walls hold a stark contrast with the world of these underfed, poverty-stricken, slum children living in cramped dark holes, obstacles hamper their physical and mental development and at best their growth is stunted. The pictures on the wall suggest beauty, well-being, progress and prosperity—a world of sunshine and warmth of love. (3) The poet wants the people in authority to realise their responsibility towards the children of the slums. All sort of social injustice and class inequalities be ended by breaking the obstacles that confine the slum children to their ugly and filthy surroundings. Let them study and learn to express themselves freely. Then they will share the fruit of progress and prosperity and their lives will change for the better. WORKSHEET–70 1. (a) The colour of the classroom walls is ‘sour cream’ or off white. This colour suggests the decaying aspect and pathetic condition of the lives of the children in a slum-school. (b) The walls of the classroom have pictures of Shakespeare, buildings with domes, world maps and beautiful valleys. (c) The poet hints at two worlds: the world of poverty, misery and malnutrition of the slums where children are underfed, weak and have stunted growth. The other world is of progress and prosperity peopled by the rich and the powerful. The pictures on the wall suggesting happiness, richness, well being and beauty are in stark contrast to the dim and dull slums. (d) (i) ‘Open handed-map’ suggests the map of the world drawn at will by powerful people/ dictators like Hitler. (ii) ‘Awarding the world its world’ suggests how the conquerors and dictators award and divide the world according to their whims. This world is the world of the rich and important people. 2. (1) He uses the images of despair and disease to describe the miserable and pathetic lives of the children living in slums. The faces of these children are pale and lifeless. They and their hair are like ‘rootless weeds’. The burden of life makes them sit with their head ‘weighed down’. The stunted growth is depicted by ‘the paper-seeming boy’ and ‘the stunted unlucky heir of twisted bones’. Their weak bodies recite their fathers’ ‘gnarled disease’. 58 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII (2) The burden of poverty and disease crushes the bodies of these slum children but not their souls. They still have dreams. Even their foggy future has not crushed all their hopes. They dream of open seas, green fields and about the games that a squirrel plays in the tree room. (3) In this poem Stephen Spender deals with the theme of social injustice and class inequalities. He presents the theme by talking of two different and incompatible worlds. The world of the rich and the ‘civilized’ has nothing to do with the world of narrow lanes and cramped holes. The gap between these two worlds highlights social disparities and class inequalities. T E X T B O O K S 59 The earth never attains total inactivity. The poet wishes that we may withdraw from our undesirable actions and keep still for a moment. He is always threatening himself with death because of his thoughts and actions. (a) The name of the poem is ‘Keeping Quiet’.” (2) Stillness is essential for calm reflection and quiet introspection. (1) Counting up to twelve takes very short time. (1) The poet wants to prove that there can be life under apparent stillness. (b) There will be peace all around if there is no rush or the sound of the running of engines and machines. they may not indulge in reasoning. Violence is caused by anger. His stillness means halting of harmful and hostile human activities. Keeping still for this brief interval of time gives us a momentary pause to introspect and review the course of action. It is quite ironical that man who understands so much fails to understand himself and his action. Man has used his arms only to kill and destroy others.SECTION C KEEPING QUIET (Pablo Neruda) WORKSHEET–71 1. WORKSHEET–72 1. (d) All of us will enjoy the unusualness and sudden strangeness of that moment. The poet invokes the earth as a living symbol to prove his point. (c) It will be a very enticing and beautiful moment. If they keep quiet. Man is the creator of all disasters. (b) The people of the world have been indulging in wars and bloodsheds on minor excuses. So let them keep quiet and not speak in any language. He makes it quite clear that ‘stillness’ should not be confused with ‘total inactivity’ or equated to it. His rush and hurry causes trouble. (a) The name of the poem is ‘Keeping Quiet’. This will ensure peace. It keeps earth alive. (2) No. Nature remains at work even under apparent stillness. We hear the voice of conscience in moments of silence. (3) Man’s sadness is formed out of his own actions and thinking. The poet is Pablo Neruda. This is the tragedy of his life. Rash actions prove harmful and disastrous. he doesn’t advocate either total inactivity or death. 2. Total inactivity brings death. The poet is convinced that most of human ills and miseries are caused by man’s hurry and rush to do things. 60 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . let them not move their arms so much as to harm others. This idea is beautifully illustrated by the following lines: “as when everything seems dead and later proves to be alive. 2. It is generally observed that most of the ills and troubles of the world are caused by our rush or hurry. (d) ‘The face of the Earth’ refers to the various countries on the surface of the earth. (c) We should cease all activities for a second. Therefore. disputes and quarrels. The poet is Pablo Neruda. But Neruda has ‘no truck with death’. Keeping quiet and still will give us necessary respite and ensure peace. So far men have moved their arms only to harm others. Most of these arguments lead to destructive wars. Let these arms rest for once. The poet wants that they should not move their arms so much. Let a feeling of mutual understanding be created among human beings.(3) People of the world speak in different languages. They must speak through their hearts. The poet urges people to stop speaking in any language. They indulge in unnecessary debates and disputes. T E X T B O O K S 61 . Their noble works dazzle our eyes. It will never pass into nothingness. We imagine that such mighty dead forefathers will attain more grandeur on the doomsday. Keats makes it clear at the outset. 2. Their achievements made them ‘mighty’ and great. The things of beauty are like wreaths of beautiful flowers. daffodil flowers. (c) It provides us a sound sleep. Malice and disappointment are the biggest source of our suffering. 62 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . However. A thing of beauty removes the pall of sadness and sufferings. (1) There are many things that bring us troubles and sufferings. It removes the pall of sadness that covers our dark spirits. They act as a pall of sadness on our lives. It is a constant source of joy. mass of ferns and the blooming musk-roses. Its beauty goes on increasing. (3) Keats is a lover of beauty. WORKSHEET–74 1. (b) A bower is a pleasant place in the shade under a tree. 2. (2) The mighty dead were very powerful and dominating persons during their own times. (a) We are weaving a flowery wreath to bind us to the beauties of the earth. He employs his senses to discover beauty. (b) We possess the evil qualities of malice and disappointment. They are constant sources of joy and pleasure. full of sweet dreams. Another one is the lack of noble qualities. (a) A thing of beauty is the source of constant joy. the moon. Hence ‘grandeur’ is associated with the ‘mighty dead’. Some of them are: the sun. (2) Many things cause us suffering and pain. Its value remains undiminished. The link of man with nature is eternal. small streams with clear water. They dampen our spirits. Its loveliness goes on increasing every moment. (d) (i) loveliness (ii) nothingness (iii) quiet. All of them are things of beauty. It never passes into nothingness. They make a lasting impression on us. Our unhealthy and evil ways also give birth to so many troubles and sufferings. (d) (i) spite (ii) despondence (iii) gloomy. Its beauty never declines or diminishes. It protects persons/animals from the hot rays of the sun. It makes us love life. old and young trees. A thing of beauty is a joy forever. (3) We feel happy by coming into contact with things of beauty. (1) Everything of nature is a thing of beauty and a source of pleasure. health and peaceful breathing. ‘some shape of beauty’ brings love and happiness in our lives in spite of such unpleasant things. It keeps us attached to the beauties of this earth. We seem to weave a flowery band everyday.SECTION C A THING OF BEAUTY ( John Keats) WORKSHEET–73 1. They dampen our spirits. We suffer from the lack of noble qualities and unhealthy and evil ways. (c) It means in spite of all the evils mentioned above. the sound of a stopping car. Nor were the other social service agencies doing any good to them. (2) The folk who had put up the roadside stand pleaded pathetically for some customers to come as they wanted to earn money from them..SECTION C A ROADSIDE STAND (Robert Frost) WORKSHEET–75 1. (a) The roadside stand was located at one side of the road. ‘beneficent beasts of prey’. The vehicles drove past ahead. City folk used to pass that way. (c) It would not be fair to say that the stand was set up for a dole of bread. suffer from a childish longing. (1) The poet thinks that the persons who are running the roadside stand. (1) The following lines bring out the complaining attitude of the city folk who drove through the countryside: (i) ‘.. But all their efforts go in vain. WORKSHEET–76 1. 2. They are always expecting customers and waiting for their prospective customers.. A little old house was extended and a new shed was constructed in front to open it. (a) The traffic passed by the roadside stand without stopping there. (d) The real aim of running the shed was to earn some money from the city people who passed from there. They keep their windows open to attract them... It irritated a person who stopped there. The following lines express his feelings: “I can’t help owning the great relief it would be To put these people at one stroke out of their pain. They wanted some of them to stop and buy something from them.. ‘calculated’. ‘enforcing benefits’. (3) The government and the party in power were quite indifferent to the welfare of the poor rural people. ‘to soothe them out of their wits’.. They become sad when no one turns up. ‘swarm over their lives’... It was with this intention that the roadside stand had been put up. (d) (i) polished (ii) traffic (iii) marred (iv) artless. 2.’ Their complaint was that the artless and clumsy paint painted on the roadside stand spoiled the beauty of the whole landscape.. then out of sorts At having the landscape marred with the artless paint..... They are always waiting to hear the squeal of brakes. (b) It pleaded/begged in the most humble way.. (c) The signs with the letters ‘N’ and ‘S’ were turned wrong. The words and phrases showing their double standard are: ‘greedy good-doers’.. They were also irritated that even signs like N and S were turned wrong. (2) The poet feels that all the pains from which the poor rural people suffer must be removed at one stroke..’ (ii) ‘Of signs that with N turned wrong and S turned wrong..” T E X T B O O K S 63 .. The sight of this building with the artless paint spoilt the landscape. (b) The building was painted clumsily. It was hoped that the roadside stand would get some of the money or the cash that flowed in cities. They passed with a mind to go ahead. The city folk driving through the countryside passed in front of it. (a) (b) (c) (d) The poem is ‘A Roadside Stand’. The stand had been set up to attract the city folk as customers. They felt irritated at the clumsy paint of the building. 2. (i) mean (ii) hurt (iii) trusting. It was on a busy road. (1) The people who ran the roadside stand wanted to attract the city folk as customers. The flow of money and the cash supports all the development in the city. One should keep one’s money and move ahead. In the front. They looked forward to their prospective customers for earning some money. WORKSHEET–77 1. (3) ‘The polished traffic’ of the rich and the refined generally didn’t stop at the roadside stand. But very few obliged them. It supports the best things of cities from sinking and being destroyed. The place offers a beautiful mountain scene for staying there if one had money. they didn’t get the money which they had expected to earn from their customers. expected some of the traffic to stop there.(3) An old house was extended out with a little new shed. a roadside stand was set up. Hence. at one side of the road. (2) Money is very important. If at all. It was hoped that the stand would bring some cash. It is money that makes the world run. 64 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . The poet is Robert Frost. some of them stopped there. They were out of sorts at the sight of signs ‘N’ and ‘S’ turned wrong. they were not impressed with the place. It suggests that the vicious grip or her unhappy married life is still holding her tightly. (3) The tigers are ‘prancing’. (i) fluttering (ii) massive (iii) band. (3) It suggests the weight of the harsh and difficult experience of Aunt Jennifer’s married life. (2) Aunt Jennifer is weaving tigers on the panel. They live far away from human settlements. They are fearless. She had passed through many testing and horrible times during her married life. First is the conventional use. Here ring is a symbol of the sacred bond of marriage. the poet refers to Aunt Jennifer’s ‘terrified hands’. They are called ‘chivalric. They don’t fear the men under the tree. They look like shining yellow topaz. (a) (b) (c) (d) The poem is ‘Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers’. The old unhappy memories are still fresh in her mind. Aunt Jennifer. (i) prance (ii) denizens (iii) chivalric. on the other hand. the tigers are the denizens of forest. (1) Like all beasts of prey. Their effect is still visible. (a) (b) (c) (d) Aunt Jennifer’s fingers were fluttering through her wool. The word ‘ringed’ has been used in two ways. T E X T B O O K S 65 . They ‘do not fear’ the men beneath the tree. It represents the unbreakable bond of marriage between the husband and the wife. The wedding band is symbolic. Her hands are moving about her wool. The massive weight of the wedding band sits heavily on her hand. These ordeals crushed and suppressed her.SECTION C AUNT JENNIFER’S TIGERS (Adrienne Rich) WORKSHEET–78 1. 2. She is finding the needle quite hard to pull. They live in green forests. The contrast heightens the intensity. She was finding even the ivory needle hard to pull. They are jumping across a screen or a wall. is weak and terrified. The weight of Uncle’s wedding band was lying heavily on her hand. 2. The other is the figurative use of ‘ringed’. So the use of the words ‘denizens’ and ‘chivalric’ adds to our understanding of the tigers’ attitudes. Her terrified hands are still ringed by the ordeal that crushed her during her married life. So she is still ringed with those ordeals that dominated her life.’ This indicates the majestic and honourable position that they occupy in the world of animals. It means encircled or surrounded. fierceness and beauty. The word ‘ringed’ is significant. The poet is Adrienne Rich. (2) The poem addresses the experience of marriage in the midst of constriction. The weight of years of her married life is lying heavy on her hand. Thus they are symbols of strength. This makes the pulling of the neddle so hard. The image is quite suggestive. Her hands are finding it difficult to pull through her wool. They pace in ‘sleek chivalric certainty’. WORKSHEET–79 1. (1) In the third stanza. Hamel would give them. The whole school seemed so strange and solemn. Portuguese. His feelings about M. The linguistic minority tries to preserve its identity through an intimate contact. a pronounced difference in the treatment meted out and the level of acceptance displayed by the majority community in that region/city. On the back benches that were always empty. 4. 66 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . In India. mini-Bengaluru in Delhi and mini-Surat in Kolkata. there was a great bustle. The Germans had put up this notice on the bulletin-board. Hamel had put on his best dress—his beautiful green coat. Mother tongue helps a person to express his feelings and thoughts most lucidly and intimately. Franz did not know anything about participles. 2. his frilled shirt and the little black silk cap. There was no opening or closing of desks. they create a mini-Punjab in Bengaluru. Hamel also changed. From time immemorial the victorious nations have imposed their own language on the conquered people and taken away their own language from them. mini-Chennai in Mumbai. But it was all very still that day. There is. That day Franz was expected to be prepared with participles because M. Italian and French developed from Latin. In many Arab countries the local religion and language have disappeared. From the next day they will be taught only German. WORKSHEET–81 1. Adherence to social customs and traditions in family gatherings/group meetings of women also promote the unity between members of the linguistic minority.SECTION C THE LAST LESSON (Alphonse Daudet) WORKSHEET–80 1. Then he felt sorry for not learning his lessons properly. 5. interaction and preservation of their language in social get togethers. Usually. 2. which seemed a nuisance and a burden earlier were now old friends. Hamel’s arm. In short. The teacher’s great ruler instead of rapping on the table. His classmates were already in their places. Everything was as quiet as Sunday morning. all embroidered. An order had come from Berlin to teach only German in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine. He forgot all about his ruler and how cranky he was. which could be heard out in the street. social or ethnic minorities. M. Conquerors try to subdue and control the people of the enslaved territory by enforcing many measures such as use of force to crush dissent and imposing their own language on them. The Romans conquered many parts of Europe and replaced the local languages by their own language—Latin. Franz came to know that it was the last lesson in French that M. the elderly village people were sitting quietly like the kids. The linguistic minority in any state is easily marked and faces the same discrimination as the religious. 3. was under M. when school began. Later on Spanish. Hamel had said that he would question them on participles. Some cities like Delhi. For the last two years all the bad news had come from the bulletin-board. however. family functions and festivals of their own region. a new language Urdu developed from the mixture of Persian and Hindi. His books. The Muslim invaders imposed Arabic and Persian in the countries of Asia overpowered by them. Mumbai are cosmopolitan in outlook. the teacher. Usually. Hamel. T E X T B O O K S 67 . when the school began. he noticed a crowd there. This comment of Franz shows a Frenchman’s typical reaction to the imposition of learning German. conscription and the orders of the commanding officer. Hamel told the students and villagers that henceforth only German would be taught in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine. 3. Pride in one’s language reflects pride in motherland. traditions and country. 5. They kept their hands over their ears to understand better. The teacher would go on rapping the table with his great iron ruler. This shows people’s love for their own culture. the language of the conquerors. There was a bulletin-board near the town-hall. When Franz passed by it. Franz was afraid of being scolded that day especially because M.WORKSHEET–82 1. Students opened and closed their desks. Then the people realised how precious their language was to them. Teaching the pigeons to sing in German indicates how far the Germans would go in their attempts of linguistic chauvinism. He said that for the enslaved people. He praised French as the most beautiful. Franz frankly admits that he was totally ignorant about the topic. He did not stop to look at it. their language was the key to their prison. he had started for school very late that morning. had said that he would question them on participles. His exact words are: “I did not know the first word about them. The noise could be heard out in the school. They repeated the lessons together very loudly. 2. there was a great bustle. the clearest and most logical language in the world. For the last two years they had received all the bad news from the bulletin-board—the lost battle. M. Being deprived of the learning of mother tongue would mean cutting off all bonds with the motherland. 4. He wondered what could be the matter then. Those who called themselves Frenchmen would neither be able to speak nor write it.” Secondly. They often end up losing eyesight before they become adults. Patience. welding and soldering pieces of glass are all health hazards. The city of Firozabad is famous for its bangles. He insists on being his own master by becoming a motor mechanic. prevailing conditions and the types of job involved–all prove risky to the health of the workers. No. Let us first consider the places where bangle makers work. Storms swept away their fields and homes. making bangles for the women in the land. Thus the surroundings. They weld pieces of coloured glass into circles of bangles. 3. It is a cottage industry. hardwork. Most of the young men of Firozabad have no initiative or ability to dream. 2. It is illegal to employ very young children in hazardous industries. The dingy cells are without air and light.SECTION C LOST SPRING (Anees Jung) WORKSHEET–83 1. Saheb is looking for gold in the garbage dumps. Every other family in Firozabad is engaged in making bangles. The glass bangles industry has many health hazards. He does not want to be a pawn in the hands of the middlemen or moneylenders. The bag was his. He is no longer his own master. He has the capacity to take courage and break from the traditional family occupation. Saheb has come from Bangladesh. He will have to cover it twice everyday anyhow—by walking on foot. 4. Boys and girls with their fathers and mothers sit in dark hutments. Saheb is not happy working at the tea-stall. 5. Even the dust from polishing the glass of bangles adversely affects the eyes and even adults go blind. They weld pieces of coloured glass into circles of bangles. He has strong will power also. It usually employs small children. Glass blowing. So they left it. moneylenders. He will have to overcome many hurdles before he succeeds. Their eyes are more adjusted to the dark than to the light outside. One explanation offered by the author is that it is a tradition to stay barefoot. She wonders if this is only an excuse to explain away a perpetual state of poverty. His face has lost the carefree look. Mukesh is the son of a poor bangle-maker of Firozabad. Boys and girls work hard during day next to lines of flames of flickering oil lamps. The garage is a long way from his home. police and politicians combine to entrap the poor workers. 68 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . firm will and the determination to learn will help him realise his dream. Even the dust from polishing the glass of bangles is injurious to eyes. She also remembers the story of a poor body who prayed to the goddess for a pair of shoes. welding glass. The steel canister seems heavier than the plastic bag he would carry so lightly over his shoulder. He can realise his dream by joining a garage and learn the job of repairing cars and driving them. His house was set amidst the green fields of Dhaka. Money is the first one. but certain forces like middlemen. He will have to earn some money himself. He came with his mother in 1971. He is in the neighbourhood of the author. It is the centre of India’s glass-blowing industry. That is why they often end up losing their eyesight before they become adults. Their eyes are more adjusted to the dark than to the light outside. next to lines of flames of flickering oil lamps. but Mukesh is an exception. They work in the glass furnaces with high temperatures. It is not lack of money. 2. The canister belongs to the man who owns the teashop. The furnaces have very high temperature. WORKSHEET–84 1. Then comes transport problem. Families have spent generations working around furnaces. Many workers have become blind. Deprived of education. Together they impose a heavy burden on the child. He was looking for gold in the garbage dumps of the big city. 4. The children thrown out of work should be rehabilitated and given proper food. The author asks Saheb half-joking. if he will come to school she starts. Saheb was a young boy of school-going age. Mere passing of law will not help. He had left his home in Dhaka. 5. Mukesh’s grandmother thinks that a God-given lineage can never be broken. education and pocket money. Most of them are undernourished. 3. proper food and upbringing. Garbage to them is gold. uneducated. has a dream of becoming a motor mechanic. Survival is of primary importance. The writer feels embarrassed at having made a promise that was not meant. the policemen. they become adults too soon. the son of a poor bangle-maker of Firozabad. 2. dish-washers at road-side dhabas and in hazardous industries making glass bangles. He realises the reality and is willing to overcome the obstacles. The promises made to the poor are rarely kept. these children are forced into labour early in life. jobs or other means of getting food. Certain forces conspire to keep the workers in bangle industry of Firozabad in poverty. They have seen nothing but bangles. co-operative societies and political leaders. the middlemen. These include the moneylenders. He thinks of joining a garage to fulfil his dream. He also wants to learn to drive a car.WORKSHEET–85 1. Cities provide employment. His daring to rise and decision to get free from the trap laid by vicious moneylenders and middlemen arouses a sense of hope. lose the charm of the spring of their life. T E X T B O O K S 69 . crackers etc. NGOs (Non-Government Organizations). He has nothing else to do but pick rags. Mukesh’s father has taught them what he knows—the art of making bangles. Let them enjoy sunshine and fresh air. Child labour should be eliminated because the children employed at tender age as domestic servants. and poor. It is the source of their daily bread and provides a roof over their heads. yet he has decided to walk. They wage war against poverty and hunger. thoughts and emotions should be respected. They have a stunted growth. Child labour can be eliminated only through concerted efforts on the part of government agencies. Their feelings. Bangladesh and came to the big city in search of living. Burdened by the responsibility of work. biris. Mukesh wants to be a motor mechanic. Promises like hers abound in every corner of their bleak world. WORKSHEET–86 1. The problem in case of the poor is to feed the hungry members. Mukesh. He knows that the garage is far away. He will go to a garage and learn. People migrate from villages to cities in search of livelihood. Saheb agrees to do so. They have no dreams except finding the means of survival. 2. Their fields fail to provide them means of survival. clothes. A few days later he asks if the school is ready. Laws should be enacted faithfully. Her son and grandsons are born in the caste of bangle makers. ill-fed. the bureaucrats and the politicians. Poor rag-pickers like Saheb spend the early years of their lives looking for gold in garbage dumps. the keepers of law. He ends up as a servant at a tea-stall and loses his freedom. The parents of these street children have no fixed income. though the garage is far away from his home. Their childhood is stolen. My parents and I had to work very hard to remove this blemish. 5. He brings vividly to life the escalating political warfare in the fifties between the African National Congress and the government. He hit the water surface in a sitting position. It deprived him of the joy of canoeing. From then on I had a fear of crackers. He feared water and avoided it whenever he could. Douglas) WORKSHEET–87 1. Police protected and helped us to maintain law and order. All the houses were shining bright with the rows of candles. After seven months the instructor told him to swim the length of the pool. He couldn’t eat that night. I commanded many policemen and scolded them for misbehaving with the common people. While sinking down he made a plan. oil lamps and electric bulbs. By learning the safeguards against fire and safe handling of crackers.M. boating. Douglas used every way he knew to overcome this fear he had developed since childhood. In his autobiography Long Walk to Freedom. He got me dressed as a police inspector in one of his plays. His fear of water ruined his fishing trips. I must have been about eight or nine year old. Thank God. For many days. One day. I have overcome all my fears now. a tiny infant had severe burns before he could be rescued. fire and police. However. there was a haunting fear in his heart. culminating in his dramatic escapades as an underground leader and the notorious Rivonia Trial of 1964. at which he was sentenced to life imprisonment. I learnt that policemen were also humans and not demons. He would come to the surface like a cork. He never went back to the pool. pool. 2. William O. Soon the hut was in flames. Douglas was frightened when he was thrown into the pool. The instructor taught Douglas to put his face under water and exhale and to raise his nose and inhale. it held him firmly in its grip.SECTION C DEEP WATER (William O. Panic seized the author everytime. It was adversely affecting my personality. Douglas had just learnt swimming. delicate negotiations that led both to his freedom and to the beginning of the end of 70 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . He shook and cried when he lay on his bed. My uncle came to my rescue. The fear of police remained now. Suddenly a cracker went up and hit the thatched roof of a poor gardener. It was the night of Diwali. He swallowed water and went at once to the bottom. For three months he held him high on a rope attached to his belt. 2. He went back and forth across the pool. He would make a big jump when his feet hit the bottom. Then Douglas had to kick with his legs for many weeks till these relaxed. lie flat on it.C. The instructor built a swimmer out of Douglas piece by piece. Nelson Mandela tells the extraordinary story of his life. I began to tremble with fear as the police questioned the boys exploding crackers. His only son. However. Children were bursting crackers. I still panicked at the sight of a policeman in uniform. This experience revived his aversion to water. I gradually overcame my fear. and swimming. WORKSHEET–88 1. an eighteen year old big bruiser picked him up and tossed him into the nine feet deep end of the Y. The slightest exertion upset him. he was not frightened out of his wits. 4. and paddle to the edge of the pool. making him wobbly in the knees and sick to his stomach. He recounts the surprisingly eventful twenty-seven years in prison and the complex. He nearly died in this misadventure. 3. He determined to get an instructor and learn swimming to get over this fear of water.A. Even as an adult. A. The Yakima River was dangerous. Many persons had drowned in it. but no sound came out!’ 3. As he went under. Douglas still felt terror-stricken when he was alone in the pool. So he went to Lake Wentworth in New Hampshire.C.M... For three months he was taken across the pool with the help of a rope.” He had experienced both the sensation of dying and the terror that fear of it can produce. His training went on from October to April. He uses literary devices to make the description graphic and vivid. When Douglas grew up. “In death there is peace. 4. but he would rebuke it and go for another length of the pool.. terror filled him and his legs froze. ‘I was suffocating.A. dived off a dock at Triggs Island and swam two miles across the lake. 2.” “There is terror only in the fear of death.. pool at Yakima. Still all terror had not left. Thus he made sure that he had conquered the old terror. Mandela also struggled against the exploitation of labour and on the segregation of the universities. He continued swimming from April to July. He felt released–free to walk the mountain paths. ‘Those nine feet were more like ninety’. Douglas was ten or eleven year old when he decided to learn swimming.. climb the peaks and brush aside fear.’ ‘I came up slowly. pool. So the will to live somehow grew in intensity. he took the help of an instructor to learn swimming. I grew panicky’. Mandela became the champion for human rights and racial equality. he was freed from prison. He also became the first non-white president of the Republic of South Africa. I opened my eyes and saw nothing but water. The instructor taught him to exhale under water and inhale through raised nose. 5. The apartheid laws were relaxed. He persevered to achieve his mission and to liberate the oppressed and the oppressor. For example. I tried to yell. The experience of terror was a handicap Douglas suffered from during his childhood.apartheid.. He drew a larger meaning from this experience.. Then he overcame his fear of water.C. dived into Warm Lake and swam across to the other shore and back. It was considered safe.. In 1990. will power and development of his personality. So he chose the Y. So he went to Meade Glacier. WORKSHEET–89 1. Douglas gives a detailed account of his feelings and efforts to save himself from getting drowned. His conquering of it shows his determination. He swam two miles across Lake Wentworth and the whole length to the shore and back of Warm Lake. The remnants of the old terror would return.M. ‘My lungs were ready to burst. T E X T B O O K S 71 . He made him kick his legs to make them relax. He could swim in the Yakima River or the Y. He was still not satisfied. Then he asked him to swim. He had his residual doubts. It offered riches and joys. Hence he feels happy when he gets the peddler to talk to in his loneliness. The old crofter suffers from loneliness as he has neither wife nor child with him. It existed only to set baits for people. The crofter’s circumstances and temperament made him so talkative and friendly with the peddler. 2. He seeks shelter for night and people look at him with sour faces. he was happy to get someone to talk to in his loneliness. They represent three strata of the human society as well. The world had never been kind to him. So. a vagabond and stranger at various points of the story. The crofter served him porridge for supper and tobacco for his pipe. 4. he was quite generous with his confidence. and then everything came to an end. He moves wearily from one place to the other. unwanted and undesirable figure. The peddler wins our sympathy for his way of life and how the world treats him.SECTION C THE RATTRAP (Selma Lagerlöf ) WORKSHEET–90 1. The master blacksmith nods a haughty consent without honouring him with a single word. Since he had no wife or child. He was amused how people let themselves be caught in the dangerous snare and how others were still circling around the bait. 72 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . His life is sad and monotonous. His own life was sad and monotonous. WORKSHEET–91 1. This hospitality was unexpected as people usually made sour faces when the peddler asked for shelter. 3. Even the blacksmiths look haughtily at him and nod consent. The crofter had told the peddler that by supplying his cow’s milk to the creamery. He redeems himself by returning the stolen money and wins our admiration. He also played a game of cards with him till bed time. in order to assure his guest of the truth he showed the thirty kronor to the peddler. Her nice treatment arouses the tramp’s goodness. The peddler seemed to doubt it. His business not being specially profitable. 5. Only Edla Willmansson behaves with him in a kind. The peddler had been thinking of his rattraps when suddenly he was struck by the idea that the whole world was nothing but a big rattrap. The cow which supports him is no company. There are at least three characters in the story who suffer from loneliness and express the need to bond with others. The peddler with the rattraps. So. this idea became his favourite pastime. shelter and food. The world has never been very kind to him and he feels happy in calling it a rattrap. Thus we see that the sympathy is not only well earned but well justified as well. he resorts to begging and petty thievery to keep body and soul together. friendly manner. Secondly. The old and lonely crofter finds him an enjoyable company. it closed in on him. He plods along the road lost in his own meditation. The ironmaster mistakes him for an old regimental comrade. 2. he had received thirty kronor in payment. As soon as someone let himself be tempted to touch the bait. He is lost in his own thoughts. He walked laboriously from place to place. It is an admitted fact that the underdog always runs away with sympathy. He begs the material like wire for his rattraps. Whenever he asks shelter for the night. so does the peddler with the rattraps. The peddler is called a tramp. The blacksmiths at forge glance at him only casually and indifferently. heat and clothing in the same manner as the rattrap offered cheese and pork. He is an unwelcome. during his gloomy ploddings. the old crofter and the ironmaster all suffer from loneliness. he meets sour faces. Captain Von Stahle. She noticed that the man was afraid. took out the money and hung the leather pouch back in its place. He sobs and weeps. This kind act of the Bishop melts the hard heart of the convict. In the uncertain reflection from the furnace. 2. 2. he asks the stranger to accompany him home and spend Christmas with them. With her better persuasive power she makes him follow her. I know how the kindness of a Bishop transformed a hard-hearted beastly convict into a man again with faith in God and human values. The ironmaster walked closely up to the peddler. No. He addressed the stranger as Nils Olof. he smashed the window pane. He talks of handing him over to the Sheriff. The ironmaster is annoyed on seeing the stranger in broad daylight. He had let himself befooled by a bait and had been caught. 3. The peddler realised that he must not walk on the public highway with the stolen money in his pocket. But instead of realising his own mistake. Then he went away. whom he thinks he has run across unexpectedly. So he declined the invitation. She assured him that he would be allowed to leave just as freely as he came. At the first opportunity that he got. The peddler knew that the ironmaster had mistaken him for his old regimental comrade. Then he realised that he had fallen in the rattrap. 4. When the stranger refuses to go with him. The story is presented in the form of a famous play ‘The Bishop’s Candlesticks’. Long years of imprisonment and harsh treatment in the prisonship has transformed the man into beast and he is devoid of all human feelings now. he puts the blame on the man. the Ironmaster sends his daughter. The convict runs away with the Bishop’s silver candlesticks. the Bishop tells the police officer that the fellow is his friend and he had himself given him the candlesticks. He went into the woods. The actions of the peddler after stealing thirty kronor are quite amusing. Yes. spoke very kindly and invited him home. His wife Elizabeth has died and his sons are abroad. In order to save the convict from further punishment and torture. Mistaking the vagabond for his old regimental comrade. he had the stolen money—thirty kronor—on him. Secondly. Going to the ironmaster’s residence would be like entering the lion’s den. T E X T B O O K S 73 .The Ironmaster is also lonely in his manor-house. The stranger turns down the request not because he is against bonding with others but because he fears being caught with stolen money. He promises to be a man again. The U-turn in the ironmaster’s attitude towards the stranger reveal how selfish and ignorant human beings can be. She requested him to stay with them over Christmas Eve. Her friendly manner made the peddler feel confidence in her and accept her invitation. the peddler did not respect the confidence reposed in him by the crofter. 5. WORKSHEET–93 1. He kept walking without coming to the end of the wood. There is no one at home except his oldest daughter and himself. His requests to Captain Von Stahle to accompany him show his need for human bonding. He admits frankly that they didn’t have any company for Christmas. The story entertains us by providing glimpses into human nature and how people react to various situations. he mistook the man as his old regimental comrade. Miss Edla Willmansson looked at the peddler quite compassionately. but is caught by the police. WORKSHEET–92 1. The Bishop provides food and shelter at midnight to a runaway convict who threatens him with a knife. The reactions of the blacksmiths to the tramp’s request for shelter show how casual and indifferent human beings can be. It was impossible to mistake him for an old acquaintance now. she does not want to chase away a person whom they had invited home and had promised Christmas cheer. He had pleaded and begged to be allowed to stay in the forge. No harm had been done by his stay. The peddler is tempted by the thirty kronors of the old crofter. Hence. WORKSHEET–94 1. From his fear. Next morning. he jumped up abruptly and seemed to be quite frightened. every human being has an essential goodness that can be awakened through understanding and love. He realised the danger of being caught by the police with the stolen thirty kronor on his person. he decided to discontinue walking on the public highway and turn off the road. The peddler explained that he had not tried to pretend as his acquaintance. the stranger was cleaned and well-dressed. 2. As soon as Edla opened the package of the gift. The theme of the story is that most human beings are prone to fall into the trap of material benefit. As Edla lifted the peddler’s hat. Secondly. The peddler wanted to be nice in return as she had been so nice to him all day long. the peddler felt quite pleased with his smartness. shelter and food. 5. Once someone takes the bait. 4. cut his hair and shaved him. but the ironmaster wants to turn him out. into the woods. sympathetic. heat and clothing are temptations that allure a person to fall into the rattrap of the world exactly as the bait of cheese and pork attract a rat to fall into the rattrap. The peddler of rattraps calls the world a big rattrap. However. He was willing to put on his rags again and go away. she thought that either he had stolen something or he had escaped from jail. All along he had maintained that he was a poor trader. The material benefits like riches and joys. loving and generous treatment given by Edla Willmansson that helps him get himself free from the rattrap of the world. He steals the money. She understood the reality of the peddler’s life and wanted him to enjoy a day of peace with them. 2. 74 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . He was not at fault.The metaphor of the world being a rattrap saves the situation for the tramp. She found a small rattrap with three wrinkled ten kronor notes and a letter addressed to her. 3. He did not feel any qualms of conscience that he had abused the confidence reposed in him by the crofter. His daughter’s comments are quite entertaining and philosophical. He was led to the dining room for breakfast. Even her kind looks. Now he is afraid of being caught and moves through the woods. Edla did not think it proper on their part to chase away a human being whom they had asked to come to their house and had promised him Christmas cheer. A human being has the tendency to redeem himself from dishonest ways. The ironmaster realized his mistake and threatened to call the Sheriff. Hence she still entertained the peddler even after knowing the truth about him. It is the kind. The theme is developed with the help of the metaphor of the rattrap. The selfish wretch thought only of his own safety. The ironmaster saw him in broad daylight. the world closes in on him and then everything is lost. Having robbed his generous host. disclosure of her name and purpose of visit failed to calm him. He did not want her to be embarrassed at the Christmas season by a thief. the contents came into view. The valet had bathed him. She wants the tramp to enjoy a day of peace. WORKSHEET–95 1. but they deprive man of his goodness and push him into the maze of the world which holds a vice-like grip on him. Temptations lead to evil. The paths twisted back and forth. The forest closed in upon him like an impenetrate prison from which he could never escape. The reaction of the peddler highlights the predicament of human nature. T E X T B O O K S 75 . The fruits of evil seem pleasant at first. it became worse as it was a big and confusing forest. Later on.During the first few hours the woods caused him no difficulty. He realised that he had only been walking around in the same part of the forest. He kept on walking but did not come to the end of the wood. WORKSHEET–98 1. 4. Now Germany had developed synthetic indigo. caste or region. The poor. Then he went to Cawnpore and other parts of India. He was ready to court arrest for breaking such laws and going to jail. Patna and Muzaffarpur before arriving at Champaran. So the British landlords wanted money as compensation for being released from the 15 per cent arrangement. He never mixes politics with religion or sect. I don’t think the poor of India are free from fear after Independence. The famous Dandi March to break the ‘salt law’ is another instance. 3. Gandhi was also clad in a simple dhoti. truth. He believes in working for the welfare of the nation and does not think in the narrow terms of class. morality. The resistance and disobedience 76 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII .SECTION C INDIGO (Louis Fischer) WORKSHEET–96 (iv) a landlord. Hence the servants thought Gandhi to be another peasant. He was the companion of a peasant. Shukla accompanied Gandhi everywhere. landless workers have to still work hard to make both ends meet. 5. which usually they fail to repay due to failure of monsoon or bad crops. The prices of natural Indigo would go down due to the synthetic Indigo. Gandhi’s politics was intermingled with the day-to-day problems of the millions of Indians. The servants knew Shukla as a poor yeoman. He rises from the masses.The foreign rulers have been replaced by corrupt politicians and self-serving bureaucracy. honesty. The police and revenue officials are still objects of terror for them. He had come all the way from Champaran district in the foothills of Himalayas to Lucknow to speak to Gandhi. Gandhi’s first meeting with Shukla was at Lucknow. For weeks he never left Gandhi’s side till Gandhi asked him to meet at Calcutta. The situation has improved in cities and towns for the poor but the poor in the remote villages still fear the big farmers and moneylenders. spirit of service and sacrifice are the hallmarks of a good leader. He returned to his ashram near Ahmedabad. Shukla followed him to the ashram near Ahmedabad. Peasants and tenant-farmers have to borrow money from rich moneylenders on exorbitant rates of interest. The peasants paid the British landlords indigo as rent. Power-brokers and moneylenders have a field day. If this is not due to fear. Corruption and nepotism are two evils that surround a leader in power. He is sincere in his approach. who think of achieving their end without bothering about the purity of means. patriotism. He opposed unjust laws. thinks for them and works for them. WORKSHEET–97 1. A good leader has a mass appeal. Later he went to Calcutta. (a) (ii) a politician (iii) a delegate (b) (ii) physically strong 2. He is a man of principles. There is no difference between his words and actions. 1. Shukla led Gandhi to Rajendra Prasad’s house. The law of expediency gets the better of morality. what is the reason behind it? 2. For the poor of India means of survival are far more important than freedom or legal justice. The life of a good leader is an open book. Cases of small farmers committing suicide are quite common. Such good leaders are very rare. What we find today are practical politicians. 3. Hence he considered the Champaran episode as a turning point in his life. and with it. These now reverted to the peasants. Gandhi asked the lawyers what they would do if he was sentenced to prison. He got spontaneous support of thousands of people. 2. The peasants were saved from spending time and money on court cases. After some years the British planters gave up control of their estates. The lawyers held consultations. This was linked directly to his ideas of Satyagraha and non-violence. So they told Gandhi that they were ready to follow him into jail. They came to the conclusion that it would be shameful desertion if they went home. He declared that the British could not order him about in his own country. 5. Indigo sharecropping disappeared. 4. T E X T B O O K S 77 . part of their prestige too.was peaceful and a fight for truth and justice. The Champaran episode began as an attempt to ease the sufferings of large number of poor peasants. For Gandhi the amount of the refund was less important than the fact that the landlords had been forced to return part of the money. If he went to jail. they would go home. Then Gandhi asked them about the injustice to the sharecroppers. They said that they had come to advise him. Gandhi admits that what he had done was a very ordinary thing. So he agreed to settlement of 25 per cent refund to the farmers. He had hoped to become a star actor. director or lyrics writer. Many of these had to be written out in hand. He has shades of universal characters. Most of the films were shot indoors. 78 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . However. and AngloBurmese and the local Tamils. In the early days of the Gemini Studios.SECTION C POETS AND PANCAKES (Asokamitran) WORKSHEET–99 1. the No. Thus there were persons belonging to different states. He felt frustrated that his great literary talent was being allowed to go waste. He was a bit of poet too. 2. He had had a good formal education and was a bit of poet too. Those subjected to make-up had to face bright light and lot of heat there. He is typical specimen representing the youth lured by glitter and glamour of films. Dubbing and multi-track recording has made the dialogue delivery and singing foolproof. Today film-production has come a long way from that era. film production was a family affair. At present he had to slap paint on the faces of the players who played the crowd. he did not advance an inch from his position as ‘office-boy’. By ‘the fiery misery’ the writer means the pain and trouble caused by the heat produced by the so many lights in the make-up room. He was succeeded by a Maharashtrian who was assisted by a Dharwar Kannadiga. Most of the films are now shot on outdoor locations. The author’s duty was to cut out newspaper clippings on a wide variety of subjects and store them in files. 4. He considered the make-up department fit only for barbers and perverts. The cine-cameras and recording system was also in infancy. 3. On the days of crowd-shooting. He felt dissatisfied and disillusioned. There has been a great advance in photography and recording of songs/ dialogues. Hence to them he seemed to be doing next to nothing. 5. WORKSHEET–100 1. The onlookers noticed him merely tearing up newspapers. He had got good formal education and had an encouraging opening in films. religions and using different languages. he remained only an office boy. He had joined the studios in the hope of becoming a star actor or a top screen writer. The office boy was frustrated because in spite of a good opening. He showed his anger on Kothamangalam Subbu. Most of the producers have to borrow finances to complete their productions. The office-boy made-up the players who played the crowd. The freelance star system and multi-star cast have increased production costs. struggling hard to make a name and then doomed to frustration. But his great literary talent was being allowed to go waste. a top screen writer. 2 at Gemini Studios. he mixed his paint in a very big vessel and applied it quickly and noisily on the faces of the crowd players. 2. He had entered the studios years ago. in spite of his start. a Madras Indian Christian. The ‘office-boy’ wasn’t exactly a ‘boy’. director or lyrics writer. All the six hundred workers worked as a unit. He was disappointed because he failed to do so and remained only a ‘boy’. Visuals form not only a backdrop but an integral part of the film. The head of the make-up department was earlier a Bengali. He closed every pore on the surface of the face by applying make-up. an Andhra. he was in his early forties. He turned his entire creativity to his advantage. These plays ran several shows in Madras. they were all averse to communism. Film making was quite easy with Subbu around. It was the lawyer’s dress that made him stand out from the others at Gemini Studios. almost all Tamil plays had a scene of sunrise and sunset in the manner of ‘Jotham Valley’ with a bare stage. He was tailor-made for films. Others put on a khadi dhoti with a slightly oversized and clumsily tailored white khadi shirt. The citizens of the city and Gemini family of 600 saw the plays over and over again. a white background curtain and a tune played on the flute. For some years. Though officially on the rolls of Story Department. 2. but confined himself to playing supporting roles. He was charitable and improvident and played permanent host to dozens of persons. (i) Subbu had the ability to look cheerful at all times. 5. He wore a pant and a tie and sometimes a coat also. 2. However.e. they wore khadi and worshipped Gandhi. (ii) His sense of loyalty made him turn his entire creativity to his principal’s advantage: Film-making was quite easy with Subbu around. Hence he was referred to as the opposite by others.WORKSHEET–101 1. He had a literary bent of mind too. In fact. He had unwittingly brought to an end the career of a promising young actress. He was an amazing actor. His success was envied by frustrated people like the ‘office-boy’. MRA could not have found a warmer host in India than the Gemini Studios. Most of the people at Gemini Studios were Gandhiites and Khadiites. He could suggest many alternatives to baffled producers. His success in films overshadowed and dwarfed his literary achievements. This was the impact of the plays staged by the MRA on Madras in general and the Tamil drama community in particular. They presented two plays—‘Jotham Valley’ and ‘The Forgotten Factor’ in a most professional manner. 3.S. He was an amazing actor also. However. He loved whosoever he met. 4. These looked like a uniform. WORKSHEET–102 1. He was officially known as the legal adviser. but the sets and costumes were first rate. his actions did nobody any good. The lawyer was in the Story Department. The message of the plays were usually plain and simple homilies. i. Mr S. He was a poet and had composed several original ‘story poems’. 2 at Gemini Studios. He had also written a novel. Kothamangalam Subbu was the No. but beyond that they did not have any particular political affiliations. (iv) He had a charitable and loving nature. T E X T B O O K S 79 . He had the ability to look cheerful at all times. The staff of Gemini Studios had a nice time hosting two hundred strong Moral Re-Armament army led by Frank Buchman. Vasan. he was always with the Boss. He could be inspired when commanded. (iii) He was literary inclined too—a poet and novelist. the founder of the Gemini Studios was Subbu’s principal. His sense of loyalty made him identify himself with his principal completely. SECTION C THE INTERVIEW (Christopher Silvester, Umberto Eco) WORKSHEET–103 1. In its highest form, an interview is a source of truth. In practice, it is an art. Interview is the commonplace of journalism. It is a supremely serviceable medium of communication. 2. Most celebrity writers despise being interviewed because they consider interview as an unwarranted intrusion into their lives. Some of them feel that it somehow diminishes them. 3. In some primitive cultures it is believed that if one takes a photographic portrait of somebody, then one is stealing that person’s soul. 4. The expression “thumbprints on his windpipe” suggests the pressure that causes suffocation and strangulates someone by choking the windpipe. The pressure on the windpipe is so intense that prints of the thumb are visible there. 5. In today’s world, our chief source of information about personalities is the interview. We get most vivid impressions of our contemporaries through interviews. WORKSHEET–104 1. Yesterday I watched Simi Grewal interviewing the famous cine-star, Amitabh Bachchan on the television. The celebrated actor had received an honorary doctorate from a university in Britain and the highest civil award from France. His wax statue had also been installed in the Tuexedo London museum. Simi Grewal started the interview in her familiar, inimitable style by welcoming the Indian legend–the star of the millennium, greeting him on the shower of latest international awards and recognition and asking him probing questions about the high quality as well as enormous volume of his output even at the age of 64. She cajoled him to share with her audience the secret of his success. She complimented the star and encouraged him to reveal some of his future plans. 2. The medium I like best for an interview is the television. It has both audio and visual effect. It presents the interviewer and interviewee before the audience in their true colours. Usually celebrities accuse the reporters of misquoting them or misreporting them in the print media or the radio. This is not possible when they are face-to-face on the television. Their lip movement and body movement while replying to probing questions are there for all to see. The recording of various expressions coming on the face of the interviewee and his/her gestures and words are the additional advantages that television holds over the print media or the radio. The print media has dull, dry words alongside a picture whereas the radio tries to create the atmosphere by skilful variation of the sound. Both expect a lot of attention from the reader/audience. WORKSHEET–105 1. I think Umberto Eco likes being interviewed. An Italian novelist giving his assent to an Indian journalist for being interviewed and his frank and detailed answers show that he likes being interviewed. 2. Umberto Eco explains his method of working. He utilises the time available to him to the maximum. He makes use of the interstices or empty spaces in the life. These moments between one action and the other provide him time for creative work. 80 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII 3. Umberto Eco’s academic writing style is quite distinctive. It has a certain playful and personal quality about it. It is a marked departure from a regular academic style, which is usually depersonalised and often dry and boring. 4. Umberto Eco considered himself an academic scholar first and a novelist later. He makes his preference clear by saying: “I consider myself a university professor who writes novels on Sundays”. On weekdays he attends academic conferences and does other scholarly, nonfictional work. 5. ‘The Name of the Rose’ is different sort of novel. It is quite serious novel. It is a detective story at one level. But it also probes into metaphysics, theology and medieval history. The reasons for the success of the book, however, remain a mystery. WORKSHEET–106 1. Interviewers want to present exclusive and intimate details about the famous person they are interviewing. Some interviewers focus on the public life and achievements of the individual only. They try to be objective in their approach as well as assessment. However, there are others who want to make their interviews more spicy and usually cross the thin limit of privacy of the individual. In their zeal to present a good copy they embarrass the famous person with very personal questions, some of which are highly inconvenient for them to answer. Sometimes impact of such questions on the famous person reveals his/her aversion as well as irritation at the silliness of the person at the other hand. If they shout, they are accused of being rude and proud, if they keep mum they are labelled arrogant and charged of having some skeletons in the cupboard. In my opinion, the privacy of an individual must be respected. 2. Although ‘Interview’ as a literary genre is not more than 150 year old, it has become an important tool for the journalists. Several thousand celebrities have been interviewed over the years, and some of them repeatedly. Opinions differ. Some consider it a source of truth and an art. Others despise the interview as an unwarranted intrusion into their lives. The celebrities see themselves as its victims. They feel that it somehow diminishes them. V.S. Naipaul feels that some people are wounded by interviews and lose a part of themselves. Lewis Carroll was said to have had ‘a just horror of the interviewer’. Rudyard Kipling considered interview as an assault. H.G. Wells, who was a fairly frequent interviewee, has referred to ‘the interviewing ordeal.’ Saul Bellow, who was interviewed on several occasions, once described interviews as being like thumbprints on his windpipe. Despite all these drawbacks, interviews help us to learn about our contemporaries and form opinions. In short, interviews act like mirrors to reflect the personality of the interviewee. T E X T B O O K S 81 SECTION C GOING PLACES (A.R. Barton) WORKSHEET–107 1. Sophie and Jansie would soon pass out of their school. Only a few months were left. Jansie knew very well that both of the them were earmarked for biscuit factory. Sophie had wild dreams about her career. Jansie was a realist. She knew that they did not pay well for shop work and Sophie’s father would not allow her to work there. 2. Sophie wanted to open a boutique. It would be the most amazing shop that city had ever seen. Alternatively, she would become an actress and have the boutique as a side business. She also thought of being a fashion designer. Jansie had her feet firmly planted to the ground. She wanted Sophie to be sensible and drop all her utopian plans. All of them required much money and experience. 3. Sophie knew her father well. He would be angry if he knew of her meeting with the young Irish footballer, Danny Casey. She didn’t tell him. When Geoff told his father about it, he became angry. He turned his head to look at her with disdain. Sophie wriggled where she was sitting at the table. 4. No, Geoff doesn’t believe what Sophie says about her meeting with Danny Casey. First, he looks round in disbelief and says, “It can’t be true”. Again he says, “I don’t believe it.” Sophie then narrates how Danny Casey came and stood beside her. Geoff asks her, “What does he look like?” So, he doesn’t seem to be convinced that Sophie met Danny Casey. 5. No, Sophie’s father does not believe her story. When Geoff tells him that Sophie met Danny Casey, his father looked at Sophie with disdain. He ignores her totally. He thinks that it is yet another ‘wild story’. He begins to talk about Tom Finny, another great football player. WORKSHEET–108 1. Teenagers have boundless enthusiasm and ambitions. They have sweet dreams and go on fantasising. It is natural for them to do so. Every youth is a dreamer. Every great scientist or writer has a dream. Without something to aspire for one can’t strive to achieve that goal. Dreams lead to the golden gate of success. Some teenagers float in the world of fantasy. They have unreal dreams. It is just like a child asking for the moon. Their feet are in the mud and they dream of the stars in the sky. Such fantasising results in disappointment and disillusionment. A dreamer who fails to realise his dream is labelled a failure. Those who realise their dreams become heroes and achievers in their spheres. I think it is better to have dreams even if we fail to realise them. Who would have dreams if the teenagers don’t—will these grey headed, grey bearded persons have dreams? Let the teenagers indulge in their natural activity and dream of a golden future. They will strive to translate them into reality. 2. Sophie is a young school girl. She dreams of big and beautiful things. Some of these are beyond her reach or her means. Her ambitions have no relation with the harsh realities of life. She thinks of having a boutique. She wants to have the most amazing shop this city has ever seen. Then she entertains the idea of being an actress ‘There’s real money in that.’ Actresses do not work full time. So she would run the boutique as a side business. If need be, she can be a fashion designer. She doesn’t realise that her family is not rich enough and her dreams can’t be fulfilled. Sophie develops a romantic fascination for Danny Casey. He is a young Irish football player and the hero of her dreams. She indulges in hero worship. She tells a story that she met Casey. 82 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII Sophie belongs to a lower middle class family. She took interest in knowing things about others. Geoff’s occupation reflects their socio-economic background. Casey is a celebrity. Sophie wants to do something sophisticated. She is an incurable escapist who won’t come out of her dreams. Sophie considers Jansie ‘nosey’ and does not want to confide in her. Jansie knows that these things require a lot of money which their families do not possess. She suffers because of her dreams. Jansie was ‘nosey’. He is an apprentice mechanic.Her father calls it another of her “wild stories”. She also told him about her plan to meet him next week. Sophie did not really meet Danny Casey. 3. She would spread the news in the whole neighbourhood. She is an escapist and has wild dreams. WORKSHEET–109 1. Sophie was startled to learn that Geoff had told Jansie about her story with Danny. She wished that someday he might take her with him. 2. She sits alone and waits for his arrival. She was very fascinated by the young Irish footballer. He grunts and tosses one of little Derek’s shoes from his chair on to the sofa. She was always lost in a dreamy world where she imagined Casey meeting her. No. 4. Sophie is an incurable dreamer. waiting for Casey and knowing that he would not come. Jansie also knows that they were earmaked for the biscuit factory. She felt sad. Many girls run after him. She longed to know them. Jansie tells her that boutique needs a lot of money. Her father lacks sophistication. He tries to caution her. Even little Derek understands her unrealistic nature. T E X T B O O K S 83 . She dreams of things she can’t have in real life. Sophie knows that the family doesn’t have money. She has seen Casey only once. She saw herself riding there behind Geoff. She becomes sad and despondent when Casey does not come. She imagined his coming. He sits in his vest at the table. Sophie and Jansie are poles apart in tastes and temperament. Even Geoff does not believe her. Sophie’s father goes to pub on his bicycle. So she told him about meeting Danny Casey. Geoff was always the first to share her secrets. She suspected areas of his life about which she knew nothing. 5. So Sophie didn’t want Jansie to know about her story with Danny. but all the time she thinks of him. These dreams and disappointments are all the creations of her mind. All these indicators confirm their lower middle class family background. There is stove in the same room where dirty washing is piled in a corner. She even advises Sophie to be sensible and practical. Sadness was a hard burden to carry. She sat in the park. Sophie has fantastic dreams and floats in a fairy land. Jansie is down to earth—a realist. His jacket is shapeless. It may also be mutual rivalry and one-upmanship on her part. The branches of these trees met overhead and roofed the streets. songs and music of the peaceful world of the 1890s. It confirms his belief in the existence of the third level. Illinois. huge lawns and tremendous trees.e. Thus. peaceful and happy life. Sam had succeeded in using the third level to fulfil his long cherished ambition. the psychiatrist. The third level at the Grand Central Station refers to the level at the station from where trains leave for far-flung destinations in space and time such as Galesburg. Charley declares himself to be an ordinary guy but his actions in ‘The Third Level’ present him as a sensitive soul. Summer evenings were twice as long. His wish to visit Galesburg. It also suggests that those who find the third level can travel across to Galesburg and enjoy the fellowfeelings. It is an open invitation to escape into the dream-world from the harsh world of reality. Charley had by chance strayed on to the ticket-counter on the third level at the Grand Central Station. Galesburg was a wonderful town with big old frame houses. Fierce competition is the order of the day. The men would smoke cigars and talk quietly. since 18 July 1894. and people sat out on their lawns. but in the end of the story Sam has discovered the third level and used it to reach a peaceful place of old times. Sam’s letter to Charley raises more questions than it solves. The introductory part of the letter seems to be a projection of Charley’s waking-dream wish fulfilment. The postmark proves the date. Illinois in 1894. There is a lot of stress and strain. In the 1890s. The harsh reality of the world one lives in. Charley earnestly wished to be back there. Charley admits that when the envelope came to his Granddad in the mail. The women would wave palm-leaf fans. the date in the postmark. Sam’s letter to Charley raises the question about its authenticity. there were fireflies all around. Then there are some issues we infer from it. beckons dreamers like Charley to come to its fold and enjoy a tension-free. Tension and worry kill more people than war itself. unravaged by the two World Wars. In this peaceful world. festivities. The first-day covers usually have a blank paper in the envelope and are mailed by the stamp collectors to themselves. Sam. Charley wanted to buy two tickets to Galesburg—one for himself and the other for his 84 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . is certainly an attempt to withdraw into the dream-world of the past. The romantic charm of the bygone era. Was it really written by Sam or was it a figment of Charley’s imagination? Charley finds this letter among the first-day covers of his grandfather’s collection. 2.SECTION C THE THIRD LEVEL ( Jack Finney) WORKSHEET–110 1. Only a few persons like the narrator and his friend Sam Weiner had ever dared to explore it. the description of Galesburg and Charley’s attempts to find the third level indicate that the third level was a medium of escape for Charley. It had been there since then—i. These are never opened but preserved for the sake of the stamps. Someone had mailed to his grandfather at his home in Galesburg. WORKSHEET–111 1. The address on the envelope said so. 2. dismisses third level as a waking-dream wish fulfilment of the narrator (Charley). That world was unware of the World Wars. Fear of failure causes insecurity. full of scientific enquiry and love for adventure. are sometimes too oppressive. it went right into his collection and stayed there till he took it out and opened it. He bought old-style currency. WORKSHEET–112 1. Since then he has tried often enough but has never again found that particular corridor. The second alternative is that of escape from reality. The psychiatrist said that it was a waking-dream wish fulfilment. sideburns and fancy moustaches. The booking clerk refused to accept the money Charley offered. surrounding us. We must learn to cope with the handicaps we suffer from and co-exist with them if we can’t overcome them. Huge lawns and beautiful trees decorate the charming world unpolluted by inventions of science and unravaged by the two World Wars. four-button suit with tiny lapels. He goes to the second level at Grand Central Station to catch a suburban train to get home to his wife Louisa. After crossing the angling the slanting corridor he reaches an open space. 3. He has been on the third level. Charley frankly admits that he has been in and out of Grand Central hundreds of times. His assertion is based on his personal experience. Men smoke cigars and talk quietly. He was unhappy and just wanted to escape. fear. Among others. He ducks into an arched doorway heading for the subway and gets lost. The dress of the people was typical of the era–derby hat. he talked to a psychiatrist friend about it. war. He invites Charley and Louisa to come to that world and enjoy the relaxed. Charley asserts that there are three levels at Grand Central Station. we see an intersection of both time and space in the story. One is that we should be realists and pragmatic.wife. Sam Weiner’s letter to Charley from Galesburg confirms that there is an intersection of both time and space. If the forces. we must accept the existence of the rock and adapt ourselves and our actions accordingly. Women wave palm-leaf fans. moral and physical development. music. The dim and flickering light of open-flame gaslights illuminated the place. Wood and brass were in use. Charley went back to the Grand Central Station. The narrator is transported in time to the world of 1890s where people wore green eyeshades and long sleeve protectors. howsoever painful it might be. We must try to mould the circumstances as best as we can. lives in the suburbs of New York. People still used gold watches which they pulled out of their pockets. The author says that the presidents of the New York Central and the New York. He threatened to get him punished. happy and cheerful life of the bygone era. T E X T B O O K S 85 . Yes. Louisa. but he is always bumping into new doorways and stairs and corridors. The narrator. Charley went to a coin dealer’s shop. There are only two ways to overcome the insecurity. peaceful. We must accept the bitter truth. are so dominant and powerful that our efforts are likely to fail. 4. beards. We must learn to adjust with the forces that hinder the full growth of man’s potential and block his mental. Charley. Equipped with the currency of 1894. Its peaceful life full of songs. he goes down a short flight of stairs and comes out on the third level at Grand Central Station. repose and relaxation of the evenings have charm of their own. we must be elastic and pragmatic. Women wore typical Victorian costumes. Adaptation to circumstances is the route to success. New Haven and Hartford railroads will swear on a stack of timetables that there are only two levels at the Grand Central Station. 2. visionaries and people with very sensitive imagination are likely to be lost in waking-dreams of a far away world which is a foil to the modern world. When the tunnel turns sharp left. He could not find the corridor that led to the third level. whereas suburban trains leave from the second level. worry and stress prevalent in the modern world. aged thirty-one. Fast trains like the Twentieth Century leave from the first level. Instead to striking our heads against a rock to break it. The rest. dance and community gatherings seem quite exciting. Dreamers. He didn’t pass a soul. persons or developments. He heard only the empty sound of his own footsteps. In the near future man would disappear. I agree with Shelley when he says: “We look before and after. tension. Charley says that there may be a long tunnel under the city up to Times Square and another to Central Park. 3. feelings. ornament-collecting. The corridor turned left and sloped downward. He has been in and out of Grand Central hundreds of times. The diaries of Leonardo da Vinci contain sketches of many devices like the aeroplanes which the scientists invented or developed later. The obvious illogicality of certain thoughts and feelings might appear strange or fantastic according to modern outlook or way of thinking. but he is always bumping into new doorways and stairs and corridors. Logic is not the sole yardstick to guide. the present and the future. three blocks away. motivate and inspire human thoughts and feelings. The vision of the atom as a source of immense power led to the creation of Atom Bomb. and pine for what is not. actions and phenomena which do not seem to be sensible or thought out in a logical way. Man is never satisfied with what he has or he can achieve. For many people Grand Central has been an exit. There are certain thoughts. his grandfather. 4. a way of escape. He constantly moves between the past. Who would have thought 200 years ago that man would fly in the space or sail under the water or disappear from sight using chemical camouflage? Science has made it possible now. The Grand Central Station is certainly expanding. These dreams do not follow any logical pattern. Coin-collecting. By ‘that’s easy to do’. All the great scientists. cannot be explained by logical yardstick. It was about a mile long. philosophers and poets are visionaries. Future beckons us with promises of infinite possibilities. Secondly. Once he got into a tunnel. Nations all over the world issue new stamps to commemorate important events. WORKSHEET–114 1.WORKSHEET–113 1. but he kept on walking. through the years. Charley says that almost everyone wants to escape from the stress. 2. fear and worry of the modern world. So it is possible that it may have the tunnel Charley got into and reached the third level. though small in size. Nobody knows about them. 86 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . They have their own dreams about the future. who started stamp-collecting. but they do hold a projection about the future. Philately is the collection and study of stamps. at will using scientific devices. He then ducked into an arched doorway heading for the subway and got lost. Another time he came up in an office building on Forty-sixth street. But these people do not wander down into any third level at Grand Central Station.” The dissatisfaction of man with his present and his yearning to make it better or to achieve the ideal inspires him to strive more. like Mr India of the Bollywood movies. Thus a study of stamps helps to keep the past alive. 2. Hence the yearning and striving for the best goes on endlessly. Even President Roosevelt collected stamps. has an important piece of history around it. pottery and painting collection are some otherways in which it can be done. He came out in the lobby of the Roosevelt Hotel. During his time things were pretty nice and peaceful. Logic helps in thinking about something or explaining the reasons. Every occurrence in nature. Charley means that it is easy to get lost. didn’t need any refuge from reality. He went down a short flight of stairs and came out on the third level at Grand Central Station. Past shows us the mirror and we try to do better than the great achievers of the ages goneby. it is correctly said that apparent illogicality sometimes turns out to be a futuristic projection. however. Thus. The tunnel turned sharp left. A stamp. Charley walked down a flight of stairs to the second level. “That ain’t money. No one was ready to believe him as the presidents of famous railroads were willing to take a solemn oath that there were only two levels. The women would be waving palm-leaf fans. It was a peaceful world that had not been ravaged by the two World Wars of the twentieth century. The branches of the splendid old trees met overhead and covered the streets. 3. He said Charley was unhappy. Charley. Charley just wanted to escape from stress and tension. Galesburg. The psychiatrist. himself finds it and is transported to Galesburg. All these differences convinced Charley that he had come out on the third level. He also issued a warning. There were brass spittoons on the floor. His wife looked worried when he told her all that. Charley’s other friends agreed to the escape theory. Dim and flickering open-flame gaslights illuminated the place. the narrator frantically searches the third level to go there. Charley stuck to his guns. 2. saying. Women put on dresses covering their whole body. In ‘Adventure’ by Jayant Narlikar. WORKSHEET–116 1. the narrator had found out that there were three levels at the Grand Central Station. A very small locomotive with a funnel-shaped stack was on the track. The booking clerk looked at the money the narrator offered to buy tickets. He dismissed it as a waking-dream wish fulfilment.. This made his wife a bit insane. he was able to experience two worlds. They claimed that everything pointed out to it. People sat out on their lawns. etc. “. 2. The information booth in the centre was of wood and old-looking.if you’re trying to skin me. war worry. Professor Gangadhar Pant or Gaitonde made a transition from one world to another and back again. because they had proof that the third level was still there. fear.” The narrator did not think it nice to go to jail. Charley’s stampcollecting hobby was called a “temporary refuge from reality”. The hectic life of New York with its insecurity. the other a different history or a fantasy. war. Illinois. She didn’t want him to look for the third level. After a while he stopped and went back to his stamps. Since then. although one at a time. But now both of them were looking every weekend. Sam Weiner. he has tried often enough. One has the history we know. mister”. ease. but failed. Thus fantasy and reality are interwoven. By doing so. T E X T B O O K S 87 . The room was smaller here. People wore Derby hats and fourbutton black suit with tiny lapels. is a region full of romantic charm. Galesburg is described as a wonderful town with big old frame houses and huge lawns. 4. The men would be smoking cigars and talking quietly. who tries to cure Charley of his obsession with the third level. fear. In 1894. you won’t get very far. song and music and a relaxed life. The separation of the two worlds took place in the Battle of Panipat. So he turned away and got out fast. peace. There were fewer ticket windows and train gates. He nodded his disapproval. The narrator’s granddad used to live there in the 1890s and Charley. He declared that he had been on the third level himself. He talked to a psychiatrist friend about it.WORKSHEET–115 1. Transition to the idyllic surroundings of Galesburg is a fantasy—an escape from reality. In ‘The Third Level’. summer evenings were twice as long. There were fire-flies all around. Charley did not find the corridor that led to the third level.. They used golden pocket watches. The psychiatrist tried to explain his point. The modern world was full of insecurity. worry and tension is the reality. The Maharaja of Pratibandapuram was called the Tiger King. The author employs dramatic irony and humour to show their faults and weaknesses. For him it was an act of self-defence. It reveals not only the callousness of human beings towards wildlife but their disregard for maintaining ecological balance. The chief astrologer said that his death would come from the tiger. The Maharaja quotes an old saying. He has to lose three lakh of rupees for his refusal. Thirty tigers still remained to be shot down by his gun. Hence he finds no objection to kill tigers in self-defence. The author does not make any direct comment about it in the story. They do not know what is going to happen. “You may kill even a cow in self-defence”. he falls prey to a wooden tiger. He decided to kill tigers. The Maharaja decided to get married. the story is a satire on the conceit of those in power. The words of these characters carry an extra meaning. Crown prince Jung Jung Bahadur grew taller and stronger day-by-day. He thus got the name ‘Tiger King’. He thought of the hundredth tiger during the day and dreamt of it at night. He shot ninety-nine tigers. Then came a 88 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . Two such specimens in the story are the Tiger King and the British officer. The Tiger King offers to organise any other hunt except tigerhunt. The high-ranking British officer is equally vain. At the time of his birth the astrologers declared that the prince would have to die one day. It may be a boar-hunt. his growth and exploits as a king. Man advances strange logic to defend even his unlawful and cruel acts.SECTION C THE TIGER KING (Kalki ) WORKSHEET–117 1. 2. It is usually seen that those in power have too much pride in themselves and what they do. 2. The ten-day-old prince asked the astrologers to reveal the manner of his death. 4. On surface level. ‘The Tiger King’ seems to be a simple story about a royal prince. Thus he was able to find the required number of tigers to kill. Within ten years the Maharaja was able to kill seventy tigers. The Maharaja was sunk in gloom. But it became impossible to locate tigers anywhere. meat or organs of body. An old tiger has to be brought from the People’s Park in Madras to satisfy the king’s whim to kill one hundred tigers. For centuries innocent animals have been subjected to the wilfulness of human beings. The ego of the British officer is satisfied when his wife is pleased. The Maharaja killed five or six tigers each time he visited his father-in-law. He got the control of his state when he came of age at twenty. Man has been killing animals for sport. He is more interested in photograph with carcass than hunting itself. The Dewan found the right girl from a state which possessed a large number of tigers. Maharaja’s anxiety reached the highest level of excitement when only one tiger remained to be killed. WORKSHEET–118 1. The young prince growled and uttered terrifying words: ‘Let tigers beware!’ He decided to kill one hundred tigers. The Tiger King resolves to hunt a hundred tigers to disprove the prediction of the astrologer. He was brought up by an English nanny and tutored in English by an Englishman. mouse-hunt or a mosquito-hunt. as the astrologer had predicted his death by a tiger 3. The prophecies at his birth about the manner of his death make the story interesting by introducing the element of surprise and suspense. On a deeper level. In his stubbornness. The wise men were baffled at this miracle. The extinction of tiger species in Pratibandapuram state and the state ruled by the Maharaja’s father-in-law amply illustrates the result of man’s cruelty towards wild animals. The Maharaja has many minions or servants.K. The astrologer was already dead. They dare not disobey him or contradict him. At that very moment a great miracle took place. Khiledar-Major.. 4. The Maharaja of Pratibandapuram is the hero of this story. The Maharaja was extremely happy that he had killed the hundredth tiger. The hunters realise the truth. The Dewan got an old tiger brought from the People’s Park in Madras. It had only fainted on hearing the sound of the bullet. 2. A minion is an unimportant person in an organization who has to obey orders. The Maharaja set out on the hunt at once. 3. In our times. subordinates serve their superior bosses as deaf and dumb creatures who see only what their masters want them to see. Pataudi and Salman Khan are still pending in courts. So he did not need their predictions to know that. big game-hunting has been banned by law as so many species of wildlife have been declared endangered species.. The hunters found that the tiger was not dead. Most of them fear the Maharaja and obey his orders faithfully. He could not be punished or rewarded.C. He may be identified as His Highness Jamedar-General. The Maharaja’s displeasure means loss of job or even loss of life.A. A tomb was erected over it.C. One of them shot at it and killed it. M.A.R. Their self-interests and fear of elimination make them faithful servants. But the tiger was not easily found. The Maharaja continued camping in the forest and waiting for the tiger. The dead tiger was taken in procession through the town and buried there. WORKSHEET–120 1.T. It faints from the shock and falls as a crumpled heap. or C. One such person is the chief astrologer. national parks and games reserves have been established to preserve wildlife from extinction and maintain ecological balance in nature. It was taken to the forest where the Maharaja was hunting. Even the Dewan is no exception.happy news. In today’s political order. He is willing to burn his books of astrology. The cases against M. An astonishing phrase emerged from the lips of the ten-day-old Jilani Jung Jung Bahadur. Surely. “O wise prophets!” Everyone stood motionless with astonishment and stupidity. Sir Jilani Jung Jung Bahadur. Poachers and smugglers too destroy wildlife for skin. The Maharaja took careful aim at the beast. A. The king’s bullet misses the hundredth tiger. The prophecy was not disproved as the king met his death with the infection caused by the sliver of a wooden tiger. Only a few of them are truly sincere towards him. a tiger was at work. The others try to keep the Maharaja in good humour. Sanctuaries.D. WORKSHEET–119 1. The astrologers said the child born under that particular star would one day have to meet its death. T E X T B O O K S 89 . The tiger fell down in a crumpled heap.C. In his own state sheep began to disappear frequently from a hillside village. This name is often shortened to the Tiger King. It is generally noticed that the erstwhile rulers—kings or nawabs or the rich and powerful persons or famous film stars indulge in game-hunting. The infant said that all those who are born will one day have to die. They fear that they might lose their jobs. He further said that there would be some sense in it if they could tell him the manner of that death. Even then sporadic cases of game-hunting are reported in papers now and then. Sata Vyaghra Samhari. Maharajadhiraja Visva Bhuvana Samrat.K. meat or for various organs of body and escape scot-free. cut off his tuft and crop his hair short if his prediction proves untrue. but they decide not to reveal it to the king. Many officers lose their jobs when the Maharaja’s fury and obstinacy mount higher. 2. Antarctica is the only place in the world which has never sustained a human population. Antarctica is the coldest. the world’s geological history is trapped in Antarctica.09 degrees north of Equator in Madras. learn and act. Even little changes in environment can have big consequences. The main reason for including high school students in this expedition is their young age. Moreover. South America drifted off to join North America. 90 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . The opening up of the Drake Passage created a cold circumpolar current. The future generation of policy-makers is offered a lifechanging experience. 3. Then the dinosaurs were wiped out. It involved crossing nine time zones. In other words. was in existence six hundred and fifty million years ago. the author. Her journey began 13. By visiting Antarctica we can get a grasp of where we have come from and where we could possibly be moving towards. Gondwana thrived for 500 million years when the climate was much warmer. The indications for the future of humankind are neither bright nor positive. The author’s first emotion on facing Antarctica’s far-flung white landscape and continuous blue horizon was relief for she had been travelling for over 100 hours. ozone and carbon.SECTION C JOURNEY TO THE END OF THE EARTH (Tishani Doshi ) WORKSHEET–121 1. boarded a Russian researchship named the ‘Akademik Shokalskiy’ going to Antarctica. 4. evolution and extinction. The burning of fossil fuels has created a blanket of carbon dioxide around the world. it holds in its ice-cores half-million-year-old carbon records trapped in its layers of ice. This will affect the life of all marine animals and birds of the region. The global carbon cycle will be affected. The rapid increase of population has resulted in pressure on other species for supplies. ‘Students on Ice’ programme aims to study and examine the Earth’s past. Gondwana. The changes occurred over a million years. three oceans and at least as many ecospheres. desolate and at the bottom of the world. its loneliness and at how once India and Antarctica were the part of the same landmass. Geological phenomena resulted in the formation of the Himalayas as India jammed against Asia. present and future by organising expeditions to Antarctica for high school students. WORKSHEET–122 1. driest and windiest continent in the world. They are at an age when they are ready to absorb. The average global temperature is increasing. 2. Scientists warn that a further depletion in the ozone layer will affect the activities of phytoplankton. Tishani Doshi. The young students are provided inspiring educational opportunities which will help them to develop a new understanding and respect for our planet—the earth. The landmass was forced to separate into countries. It helps us to understand the importance of Cordilleran folds and pre-Cambrian granite shields. It was followed by wonder at the large size of the continent. 2. The age of the mammals set in. six international borders. It keeps Antarctica very cold. It supported a great variety of flora and fauna. Being an expert surgeon. Though the sight of the white man was repulsive to her. He cared nothing for the man. together lifted the wounded man and carried him to an empty bedroom. Even Yumi refused to wash the white man. the white man was an enemy. Dr Sadao and his wife. The man was a prisoner of war. She returned after retching and administered anaesthetic to the man. But since he was wounded… Hana understood his dilemma and realised that in the conflict between his sense of national loyalty and his duty as a doctor. Yumi refused to have anything to do with him. He offered to do so if she would fetch water. she washed his face and his upper body. Then she said with dignity that they only wanted to bring him to his senses so that they would turn him over as a prisoner. However. he would certainly die. Hana asked if they were able to put him back into the sea. Thus she co-operated with her husband fully to save the wounded man. T E X T B O O K S 91 . Sadao enquired about the reaction of the servants. Dr Sadao Hoki faces a dilemma when he finds the body of an unconscious wounded white man lying on the lonely coast with dangerous rocks near his house. Yumi. they found that he was a white man with long yellow hair and a rough yellow beard. The open defiance from the domestic staff hurt Hana’s feelings. Buck) WORKSHEET–123 1. Hana. the only course left for them was to carry him to their house. Sadao agreed and promised that he would not think of doing anything else. She felt like vomiting and left for a while. There was so fierce a look of resistance upon Yumi’s round dull face that Hana felt unreasonably afraid. Sadao then said that if the man was whole he could turn the man over to the police without difficulty. Since Sadao too could not throw him back to the sea. She had never seen an operation. She was convinced of her own superiority. Hana was against it. He had escaped and that was why he was wounded in the back. it was the latter which proved dominant. He at once packed the wound with sea moss to stanch the fearful bleeding. It would endanger all of them if they did not give that man over as a prisoner of war. All Americans were their ‘enemy’. They had to think of the children and the doctor’s position. She now became sympathetic to her husband and helped him in his efforts to heal the wounded man. He left the room to bring his surgical instruments. 2.SECTION C THE ENEMY (Pearl S. Since Japan was at war with America. Hana said that they would tell the servants that they intended to give the man to the police. She told Sadao that they must do so. Hana still insisted on putting him back into the sea. He was their enemy. She had told the servants to do what their master commanded them. They would have to tell the servants. She suggested that the maid. She prepared herself to give him the anaesthetic according to her husband’s instructions. Dr Sadao saw that the man had a gun-wound on the right side of his lower back. If they sheltered a white man in their house they would be arrested and if they turned him over as a prisoner. She choked and her face turned pale like sulphur. Sadao suggested that he had better be washed. The servants did not approve of their master’s decision to heal the wound of a white man. As they saw his face. could wash the man. Dr Sadao examined the man again and remarked that the man would die unless he was operated upon at once. Hana asked Yumi gently to return to her work. The man was very dirty. He operated upon him and extracted the bullet from his body. 4. Seven days after the operation of the man. She refused to wash the white man. On the third day after the operation. He was perfecting a discovery which would render wounds entirely clean. He told Tom. Dr Sadao said that he did not know himself what he would do with the man. Nothing happened. 2. Hana. Dr Sadao told him that he should understand everything clearly. looked after him and served him food. Since Japan was at war with America. The young man stared at him and asked if he had to leave. The gardener and the cook were frightened that their master was going to heal the wound of a white man—an enemy. 2. During his meeting with the General. He ought to hand him over to the police as he was a prisoner of war. Dr Sadao and his wife. 3. He kept the white man in his house. harbouring an enemy meant being a traitor to Japan. However. Dr Sadao knew that they would be arrested if they sheltered a white man in their house. 92 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . had told the servants that they only wanted to bring the man to his senses so that they could turn him over as a prisoner. Hana thought that the police had come to arrest Dr Sadao. But she dared not turn him over. He promised to send his private assassins to do so and remove his dead body. He knew from the treatment he had received from the couple that they would save him.WORKSHEET–124 1. the young man asked Dr Sadao what he was going to do with him and if he was going to hand him over. He had spent eight valuable years of his youth in America to learn all that could be learnt of surgery and medicine there. Thus it is quite clear that the reluctance of the soldier was caused by the single motive of self-preservation. Dr Sadao was against handing over a wounded man to the police. The General thought it quite unfortunate that the man had been washed up to Dr Sadao’s doorstep and thought it best if he could be quietly killed. Hana rebuked the maid who had refused to wash a wounded helpless man. the young American. Dr Sadao told him about the man he had operated on successfully. Dr Sadao’s house was built on rocks well above a narrow beach that was outlined with bent pines. Dr Sadao confided in the General and he (General) promised to send his personal assassins to kill the man and remove his body. He suggested that Dr Sadao should leave the outer partition of the white man’s room to the garden open at night. WORKSHEET–125 1. The wounded man was a prisoner of war who had escaped with a bullet on his back. They felt that after being cured he will take revenge on the Japanese. He explained that he cared nothing for the man. Dr Sadao could be arrested if anyone complained against him and accused him of harbouring an enemy. Dr Sadao was called to the palace to see the General. The young man saw that Dr Sadao and his wife Hana were different from other Japanese. He and his wife looked after him and fed him till he was strong enough to walk on his legs. They knew that the best possible course under the circumstances was to put him back into the sea. was also frightened. Yumi. Then he made a plan to let the prisoner escape. about it. It seemed he was reluctant to leave. He decided to carry him into his house. It was on a spot of the Japanese coast. It was not hidden that he was there and this situation was full of risk for himself as well as for the doctor. They spoke English well. Dr Sadao waited for three nights. The General appreciated his skill and efficiency and promised that he would not be arrested. Dr Sadao Hoki was an eminent Japanese surgeon and scientist. She kept on washing him until his upper body was quite clean. Then she dipped a small clean towel into the steaming hot water and washed the white man’s face. the maid. Dr Sadao replied that he had done nothing. If he does not want to be entangled. that he was quite well then. Sadao was an eminent surgeon and a scientist. In spite of stiff opposition and open defiance of the servants. This fact is further corroborated by the General’s remarks to Dr Sadao. Tom might be able to row to the little island which was not far from the coast and could live there till he saw a Korean fishing boat pass by. Then he brings him home with the help of his wife. Since Dr Sadao was indispensable to the General. the white man. It was neither lack of national loyalty nor dereliction of duty that guided and inspired his decision. For him an enemy was an enemy and must be wiped out. The General admitted that he had forgotten his promise as he had been suffering a great deal and he thought of nothing but himself. He wanted to keep Dr Sadao safe only for his own sake. He offered to put his boat on the shore that night. He knew that the islands near the sea coast were the stepping stones to the future for Japan. he operates upon the man and harbours him till he is able to leave. In short. No one could limit their future as it depended on what they made it. customs and manners. WORKSHEET–126 1. Dr Sadao told the General about the white man he had operated upon. It was simply his sense of self-absorption. a messenger came there in official uniform. Dr Sadao helped the man to escape from Japan. Secondly. Sadao’s father was a visionary. He admitted that it was careless of him to have forgotten his promise. He revealed the whole truth. thought that the officer had come to arrest Dr Sadao. the old General was being treated medically for a condition for which he might need an operation. First. As a patriot. In the story ‘The Enemy’ Dr Sadao Hoki finds a prisoner of war washed ashore and in a dying state thrown to his doorstep. He had no faith in the other Germany trained doctors. But added that it was not lack of patriotism or dereliction of duty on his part. It is the consciousness of the demands of one’s calling that make a sensitive soul respond to the call of his duty as a professional doctor to attend to the wounded human being regardless of his being an enemy. The General asked whether he had not promised Sadao that he would kill the man for him. Dr Sadao told Tom. He might have to be operated upon anytime when he had another attack and he had full faith in the skill and loyalty of Dr Sadao only. the next best thing is to put him back to the sea. one week after the emergency operation upon the General. T E X T B O O K S 93 . However. In the afternoon. the surgeon in him instinctively inspires him to operate upon the dying man and save him from the jaws of death. He wanted the man to be eliminated silently to save the doctor from being arrested. His son’s education was his chief concern. He knows fully well the risk of sheltering a white man—a prisoner of war—in his house. he promised that Dr Sadao would not be arrested. He loved the Japanese race. He was perfecting a discovery which would render wounds entirely clean. he packs the wound with sea-moss to stanch the fearful bleeding. Dr Sadao informed him that the man had escaped. Hana. He sent his son to America at the age of twenty-two to learn all that could be learned of surgery and medicine. Dr Sadao gave the man Japanese clothes and covered his blond head with a black cloth. He told Dr Sadao that he had to come to the palace at once as the old General was in pain again. Due to these two reasons Sadao was being kept in Japan and not sent abroad with the troops. 3. 4. It would have food and extra clothing in it.It is evident that the General had no human consideration in this matter. WORKSHEET–127 1. 2. it is his duty to hand him over to the police. His trained hands seemed. to be doing what they could to stanch the fearful bleeding. Meanwhile the fear of Hana. As they turned the man’s head. His young face had a rough yellow beard. They had been married years enough to have two children. Sadao married Hana when they returned to Japan after finishing their work at medical school. He needed immediate medical care. Sadao’s father saw her. I think the doctor’s final solution to the problem was the best possible one in the circumstances. that he would be arrested on the charge of harbouring an enemy kept on mounting. He. The marriage was then arranged in the old Japanese way. therefore. Sadao’s head told him to put the man back into the sea as he was an American soldier–an enemy of Japan. Dr Sadao informed the General that “the man” had escaped. if they turned him over as a prisoner. 4.But his sentimentality for the suffering and wounded person help him rise above narrow national prejudices and extend his help and services even to an enemy. but they never came as the General being preoccupied with his own suffering. the doctor’s wife. 3. WORKSHEET–128 1. Sadao waited for three nights for their arrival. Their married life was quite happy. Yes. they would be arrested. The General admitted that he had forgotten his promise as he thought of nothing but himself as he was suffering a great deal. 94 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . they saw that he was a white man with long yellow hair. 2. In short. quietly devised the plan of letting the prisoner escape by using his own boat and Japanese clothes. The bleeding was stopped for the moment. He confessed that it was careless of him but it was not his lack of patriotism or dereliction of duty. 2. Neither was able to put him back into the sea. He was unconscious. They still loved each other. of their own will. On the other hand. But neither of them moved. He could not kill the man whom he had saved from the jaws of death. Dr Sadao could do so. he would certainly die. The white man was wounded. But if they sheltered a white man in their house. forgot everything else. the doctor could not throw him back to the sea. but since he was wounded. As soon as the enemy left. Sadao explained that if the man was whole he could turn him over to the police without difficulty. The man lay motionless with his face in the sand. Dr Sadao made up his mind to get rid of the man as it was not only inconvenient but also dangerous for them to have him there any longer. the servants returned and life became normal once again. the doctor as well as his wife thought that the best as well as kindest thing would be to put him back into the sea. The General promised to send his private assassins to kill the man and remove his dead body. From his battered cap they learnt that he was a sailor from an American warship. He packed the wound with the sea-moss that strewed the beach. Initially. the doctor’s strategy to let the prisoner escape was the best possible solution to the problem under the prevailing circumstances. wise. has been telling her bed-time stories. the father. There is an evident contrast between an adult’s perspective on life and the world view of a little child. the pleasure of all the little animals. “I don’t care. He agrees that Roger Skunk told his mother. The story raises a moral issue—should parents always decide what the children should do or let the children do what they like to do. She calls the little skunk’s mother “a stupid mommy”. It was the wizard that took the magic wand and hit that mommy. Since these stories are woven around the same basic tale and have the same characters and turn of events. Jack says that the little skunk loved his mummy more than he loved all the other little animals. She says. Roger Squirrel. saying. Little Jo. 2. her father. When Roger Skunk was in bed. She had in mind. old owl and the thin small wizard.” Jo can’t digest the ending that the mother hit the wizard right over the head and he made Roger Skunk smell very bad again.” She wanted that stupid mummy to be punished and insisted repeatedly on the changed ending next night till her father agreed to consider it. She can’t digest the statement that the little skunk’s mother hit the wizard right on his head with her umbrella and he agreed to do what she desired. She suggested to her father to end the story in another manner—“The wizard hit her on the head and did not change that little skunk back. Roger Chipmunk or Roger Skunk. The other little creatures. we’ll see. Jack. He sums up the issue in one sentence: ‘She knew what was right’. For the last two years. He smelled very bad again. The other characters are the huge. hugged him and said he smelled like her little baby Skunk again and she loved him very much. Jo takes so many things for granted and takes active interest in the story-telling session. “Well. She says bluntly. the spokesperson of children.SECTION C SHOULD WIZARD HIT MOMMY? ( John Updike) WORKSHEET–129 1. defends the behaviour of Roger Skunk’s mother who forced the old wizard to restore the natural but offensive smell to Roger Skunk. She insisted that the wizard hit that mummy on the head and did not change that little skunk back. Jo did not want the story to end this way. “But daddy. Jack ends the story in a way that seems unusual to Jo. It may be Roger Fish. Mummy Skunk came up. the wizard is a miracle worker. Jo stuck to her viewpoint. In her dream world. all the other animals run away!” The mother does not bother about them. then he said about the other little animals run away!” Her father admits it. As to why the little skunk agreed to her mother’s proposal. She realised that her father was defending his own mother to her. Jack. does not agree with her father’s view. Jack told the story of Roger Skunk—an animal which emitted a foul smell and how the wizard changed his smell to that of roses at his request.” WORKSHEET–130 1. You smelled the way a little skunk should have. Other creatures of the forest—small animals—also take part in playing with Roger and liking/ disliking him. Roger Skunk did not smell of roses any more. who earlier hated T E X T B O O K S 95 . She is the four year old daughter of Jack and Clare. Jack cites an instance. She insisted that her father should tell her the story the next day in a different manner. or something odd. Jo is the shortened form of Joanne. She feels that the Skunk’s mother should not have robbed the pleasure of her little son and deprived him of the pleasant smell of the roses. The protagonist (main character) is always named Roger. “But Mommy. 2. He liked them to be apprehensive. She does not approve of the unnatural. 4. She kept on interrupting him. Jo could not accept that mother’s stubbornness-hitting the well wisher of her son. where the wizard was helpful to him in fulfilling his wish. It solved Roger’s problem. Clare complained that he had told a long story. 96 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . That is why. Jo wanted him to change the ending of the story. They played various games of children till dark and then went to their homes happily. fairies and wizard’s are more real than reality itself. The wizard performed a magic spell. 3. He would go to the wise owl who told him to go to the wizard. Little Bobby was already asleep. His efforts to make Jo fall asleep proved quite fatiguing. She did not like the unfeeling mother who hit the benefactor of her son.Roger Skunk. Jo insisted that her father should tell her the same story again the next day with changed ending. Jack felt utter weariness and did not want to speak with his wife or work with her or touch her. he took his mommy to the wizard. He insisted on this ending to emphasise the concern of the parents for children and their role in bringing them up on proper lines. emotionally as well as mentally. She hit the wizard and forced him to change the smell of roses to his earlier bad odour. Jack did not like that women should take anything for granted. a cage of mouldings and rails and skirting boards all around them was half old tan and half new ivory. unskunk like smell that Roger has. 2. She could not digest the harsh realities of life. Roger Skunk. Jack would tell his four year old daughter Joanne (or Jo) a story out of his head in the evenings and for Saturday naps. Then he directed Roger to the place where extra money could be found. Roger felt happy and played many games with other creatures. He was conscious of his duties as a father and as a husband. now gathered around him because he smelled so good. A small creature named Roger had some problem. He was really caught in an ugly middle position. WORKSHEET–132 1. He asserts the parental authority time and again to quieten Jo and stifle her objections and amendments to the story of the foul smelling Skunk related by him. Jack has the typical parental attitude. She calls the sweet smell of the roses an awful smell. His daddy arrived from Boston. He is of the opinion that the parents know what is best for their children. Jack feels that he has been caught in an ugly middle position physically. He demanded more pennies than Roger had. This custom had begun when she was two and now it was nearly two year old. WORKSHEET–131 1. the little skunk loved his mommy more than he loved all the other animals. though he was in a haste to go down stairs and help his pregnant wife in her hard work of painting the woodwork. Jack and Clare. Secondly. The wizard should hit that unreasonable mummy on the head and leave Roger Skunk emitting the pleasant smell of roses. They had supper. Earlier the little skunk smelled the way a little skunk should. Little Jo had been accustomed to the happy ending of the stories of Roger. He then went home. She wants the natural characteristic—the foul smell—restored. So he extended the story. pointing errors and suggesting alternatives. He says that she knew what was right. The story wound up with the description of the items of their supper. asking for clarifications. The result of the extension to the story proved unfruitful and unpleasant for Jo. In the beautiful world of a child’s imagination. He defends the attitude of Roger Skunk’s mother. The woodwork. 4. who was two. It can produce a strong unpleasant smell to defend itself when it is attacked. It was a new animal for her. Jo was growing up. He started telling the story of Roger Skunk that smelled so bad that none of the other little woodland creatures would play with him. They must be talking about it at nursery school. She never fell asleep in naps any more. She opened her blue eyes and said firmly. 3. Her fat face deep in the pillow shone in the sunlight. A skunk or a pole-cat is a small black and white North American animal. Jo suggested ‘skunk’ for the story that day. “Skunk”. T E X T B O O K S 97 .2. The custom seemed futile and especially fatiguing on Saturdays. But Jo would not take her nap like an infant. Bobby. Having a fresh hero momentarily stirred Jack to creative enthusiasm. Jo squeezed her eyes shut and smiled to be thinking that she was thinking. Her brother. and already asleep with his bottle. The bumps her feet made under the covers were halfway down the bed. There aren’t any curtains at the windows as they either shut things out or shut things in. He must take a firm decision and work towards it. He should not hate others. who climbs over the garden wall and enters the garden. weeds or rubbish. fall down and hurt himself. He could put his foot on some apple. Both Derry and Mr Lamb suffer from physical impairment. Mr Lamb offers him a new way of thinking. 4. Hatred is worse than acid because it burns the inside. Mr Lamb’s attitude to the small boy is quite gentle. hear. His parents seem worried about him and talk about him and his future. 3. he will get the ladder and a stick. He should not be afraid of people and they will not be afraid of him. His real leg was blown off years ago during the war. Like an elder in the family offering advice and instructions to the younger members. There is a garden near the house. He lives all alone in his house. 2. the boy does not use it. 98 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . It has ripe crab apples looking orange and golden in colour. WORKSHEET–134 1. The old man has a tin leg because his real leg got blown off during the war. He hears them singing. Derry has one side of his face disfigured and burnt by acid. It is in the middle section of the first scene of the play that Mr Lamb displays signs of loneliness and disappointment. Then he says he is interested in anybody or anything that God made. and pull down those crab apples. fruit. grass. All this brings a change in Derry’s attitude towards Mr Lamb. Apart from these physical disabilities. a boy of fourteen. It may be a person. He promises to come back after informing his mother. He tells him to see. 2. Derry tries to avoid meeting people because they consider his face frightful and ugly. He will succeed. protective and accommodating. They avoid him as they are afraid of him.SECTION C ON THE FACE OF IT (Susan Hill ) WORKSHEET–133 1. Mr Lamb is sitting in his garden when Derry climbs over the garden wall to get into his garden. Though the gate is open. He makes jelly. Mr Lamb is an old man with a tin leg. Mr Lamb issues this instruction to Derry. He also likes to talk and have a company. Some of them are his crab apples or the weeds or a spider climbing up a silken ladder or his tall sun-flowers. He has a hive of bees. There are plenty of things to look at. Mr Lamb provides him a new approach to things. He sits in the sun and reads books. He likes the light and the darkness. He asks him twice to mind the apples which have been blown down by the wind from the trees and strewn in the grass. He hears the wind coming through open windows. flower. He has all the God-given limbs. At first Derry does not like being near people. All these factors draw Derry towards Mr Lamb. He asks Mr Lamb about his life and friends and recognises his loneliness and disappointment. The old man tries to overcome these feelings but the sense of alienation felt by him is more painful than the pain caused by physical disability. Derry finds signs of loneliness and disappointment in Mr Lamb’s life. He keeps his promise and returns only to find Mr Lamb lying on the ground. Derry could help him. feel and think about things around him. He says that when it is a bit cooler. Mr Lamb advises the young boy to mind the apples lest he should trip and not to feel afraid. It is Evans who has the last laugh. He has his friends in the Examination Board as well. On the other hand. an officer’s word is always accepted. But the small black beard. In fact. does not even examine the victim. made Stephens jump to a conclusion—Evans impersonating McLeery. Hence the criminal is able to predict such negligence on the part of prison authorities. A criminal is always disbelieved. He has two collars and two black fronts on his person. All precautions have been made by the Governor of Oxford Prison to see that the O-Level German examination. Evans has made elaborate arrangements.’ The assumption of Stephens prevailed. He T E X T B O O K S 99 . The driver and the ‘prison officer’ are his friends and Evans escapes from prison once again. Then he disappears. He believes what his staff says. Mr Stephens. white clerical collar and black clerical front and red blood dripping from the front of his head. The criminals are certain that negligence of the prison authorities is their only passport to freedom. The jail breaker might have played a trick again. He joins the night classes in September. It depicts how the criminals are one step ahead of the jail authorities. Almost immediately the whole machinery jumped into action. He grogs off near the Examination offices. It was reinforced by the broader Scots accent and slimmer body of the parson he had seen off and the blood coming out of wound and dress of the “parson” in the cell. No one bothered to check the identity of the injured ‘McLeery. the invigilator and on returning to the cell finds injured “McLeery” sprawling in Evans’ chair. One of them personates him. It is easy for Evans impersonating as McLeery to leave the prison along with police officer. had walked out. yet an assumption is accepted as truth and the obvious is ignored. WORKSHEET–136 1. The examination passes off peacefully. The prison officers called him ‘Evans the Break’ as he had escaped from prison three times. For a semi-second Stephens thought it must be Evans. Evans fiddles about under the blanket with the black front and the stud at the back of the collar. James Roderick Evans was a jail bird. It is just what Evans had planned. The play makes a fun of the routine procedure followed by prison authorities and police. They doubt the remotest possibility and doubt genuine telephone calls as fake ones. The man who doubted everything and cross checked it. sees off McLeery. He successfully deceives the police as well as the prison authorities. Even the Governor is deceived. The German teacher is one of his friends. the Governor lets him come in a prison van guarded by a prison officer. Due to their long sojourn in prison the criminals become familiar with the temperaments of prison officers as well as the routine they follow. His friends also arrange a car where he can change his make up as well as clothes. He is dressed up as a minister. does not provide him means to escape. 2.SECTION C EVANS TRIES AN O-LEVEL (Colin Dexter) WORKSHEET–135 1. On his return to the cell of Evans. He claims to have spotted Evans driving off along Elsfield Way but loses track at the Headington roundabout. He waits patiently till June. Stephens saw a man sprawling back in Evans’ chair. Instead of bringing Evans securely back to prison. At present he was in a solitary cell in Oxford Prison. Two of his friends bind and gag Reverend Stuart McLeery in his Broad Street flat. a prison officer. He is located in the Golden Lion in Chipping Norton by the Governor of Oxford Prison. The hasty conjecture prevents one from seeing the obvious. held in prison for the prisoner Evans. All potential weapons such as knife. prison officers. efforts are on to reform the criminals. One of them. Hence police. This was disease with which he was born. punishment was the only way to treat the criminals. He would have done so from Oxford Prison as well if there had not been unrest in the maximum security establishments up north. He was not at all violent. The driver. In the past. the innocent must not be punished. 4. This idea too helps the prison staff often develop a soft corner for the prisoners. 2. McLeery. and later it turned out that these two persons were associates of Evans. He was the only one in the class and said that he was keen to get some sort of academic qualification. Both were locked securely.was quite a pleasant sort of chap—an amusing person who was good at imitations. The cell was to be kept locked from outside and a prison officer would observe Evans from a peep-hole after every minute or so. 2. Evans was called ‘Evans the Break’ by the prison officers. The Governor should have at least checked the identity of the staff to whom he was entrusting the prisoner. He had started night classes in O-Level German last September. was the person who acted as the Reverend S. who spoke in a broad Scots accent. The greater the crime. Evans requested him to allow it to wear it during exam as it brought luck to him. he should have contacted Mr Jackson and Mr Stephens. who were all searching Evans. Mary Mags was to work as invigilator. The cell was in the D-Wing which had two heavy gates—outer and inner. Mr Jackson has asked Evans to remove that filthy bobble hat. He had only two persons with him. Even the contents of the suitcase of the invigilator were thoroughly searched. the harsher and harder the punishment. 100 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . Detective Superintendent Carter and Detective Chief Inspector Bell. The Governor should have escorted Evans himself to the Oxford Prison. He had escaped from prison three times already. which could go to the extent of life-imprisonment or death sentence. It was perhaps his over excitement and childish enthusiasm at his arm-chair reasoning in locating the hide-out of Evans and catching him at the Golden Lion. judges and other law-enforcing agencies develop a soft corner for the people in custody. even the hard core. the prison officer. It was kind o’ lucky charm for him. who posed to be the silent prison officer instructed the driver to move on faster. The request was to create an examination centre in the prison for one candidate named James Roderick Evans. was in constant contact with the Governor on the phone. He suffered from the disease of involuntarily stealing things. Yet somewhere in him we find a tiny core of compassion. He is very strict in enforcing the rules and regulations of prison as well as the Governor’s orders. scissors. a parson from St. Secondly. The Secretary agreed to give him a chance and promised to send all the forms and stuff. The behaviour of prison officer Jackson amply illustrates the above point. The Governor’s last act of foolishness really proved that he was only worth being laughed at as he was too credulous and trustful. and bring them back to the mainstream. Even Evans knew it. Mr Jackson. Jackson agreed. While the sufferer should get justice. The paper knife was taken away by a prison officer. WORKSHEET–137 1. People condemn the crime as it is an evil act against law and society. The German teacher and the invigilator were friends of Evans. Reverend Stuart McLeery. Evans and his associates had befooled him earlier as well. the two prison officers. The Governor himself was to listen-in the conversation in the cell during the examination. The correction slip sent from Examination Branch was a clever device to convey the route of escape and the hide-out. that he threw all cautions to wind and acted foolishly by reposing confidence in wrong persons. 3. In the modern age. The solitary cell of Evans was turned into examination room by placing two small tables and two chairs in it. nailfile and razor had been taken away. The discrimination. She declares that she will not submit. We see the seeds of rebellion in her. And.SECTION C MEMORIES OF CHILDHOOD (Zitkala-Sa and Bama) WORKSHEET–138 1. They see. heavy hair. feel and experience whatever happens around them. They reflect on their relationship with the mainstream. She hides herself to foil their attempt. because they (authorities) are strong. When she is detected hiding under the bed and dragged out. All these T E X T B O O K S 101 . It was a bitter-cold day. Her friend Judewin tells her that the authorities are going to cut their long. thinks the behaviour of the elder of her community is quite funny. She is overpowered and tied fast in a chair. oppression. She will struggle first. humiliation. WORKSHEET–139 1. They are quick to note any deviation from the normal or any aberration. The replacing of her moccasins by squeaking shoes and “eating by formula” at breakfast table are other signs of forcible erosion of their own culture and imposition of dogma on them. He is holding the packet by string and running with it awkwardly. There was a constant clash of harsh noises and an undercurrent of many voices murmuring an unknown tongue. 2. dignity or respect as they were born in lower classes. and bow humbly to the masters. Two grown up and celebrated writers from marginalised communities look back on their childhood. They were made to live apart. Its loud metallic sound crashed through the belfry overhead and penetrated into their sensitive ears. The annoying clatter of shoes on bare floors disturbed the peace. rich people of upper castes who shamelessly exploit them and heap humiliations on them. but she does not take things lying down. 2. Depriving her of her blanket that covered her shoulders made her look indecent in her own eyes. hear. suffering and insults that they faced as young members of the marginalised communities are common to both. They scrupulously avoided direct contact with the people of higher classes or the things used by them. The two accounts given in the unit ‘Memories of Childhood’ are based in two distant cultures. The cutting of her long hair reduces her to the status of a defeated warrior as in her culture shingled hair are worn only by cowards. Zitkala-Sa too shows that she has the seeds of rebellion in her even at an early age. But when she learns the reason of his behaviour in that particular manner her ire is aroused against the cruel. Children are more sensitive and observant than the adults. The spark of rebellion in her is not put out by oppression. Her elder brother channelises her anger. The snow still covered the ground. she resists by kicking and scratching wildly. Zitkala-Sa highlights the severe prejudice that prevailed towards the Native American culture and women. A large bell rang for breakfast. Bama highlights the humiliations faced by the untouchables who were never given any honour. she does carry out her resolution. The sense of rebellion against the existing state of affairs and decision to improve them are also common themes. He tells her to study with care and make progress. Bama at first. But Zitkala-Sa rebels. run errands. She says that they have to submit. She is ready to rebel against the oppression by snatching the packet of vadai from the landlord and eating them herself. The trees were bare. All were seated. Her spirit tore itself in struggling for its lost freedom. She declared that she would not submit.” Zitkala-Sa rebelled. Then a third bell tapped. heavy hair. 3. 102 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . Judewin knew a few words of English. A man’s voice was heard at one end of the hall. 4. because they are strong. They hung their heads over the plates. Everyone picked up his/her knife and fork and began eating.sounds made a bedlam within which she was securely tied. Each pupil drew a chair from under the table. Judewin said. She was talking about cutting their long. “We have to submit. She would struggle first. The ringing of a large bell summoned the students to the dining room. The man ended his mutterings. Then a second bell was sounded. She had overheard the paleface woman. Then a small bell tapped. 1 .Solutions to Practice Papers of Vol. SOLUTIONS TO PRACTICE PAPER–1 SECTION–A (READING SKILLS) 1.1 (a) Stress makes human body vulnerable to diseases by (i) depleting the stress related hormones (ii) weakening the immunity system by suppressing body’s killer cells. (b) Worry is chief source of stress. The symptoms are (i) pain in the head and neck region (ii) teeth grinding (iii) nail nibbling (iv) disturbed sleep (v) nervousness and shakiness (c) Hypothalamus alters the nervous system and activates the pituitary gland which releases stress hormones like adrenaline. These make the body alert to react to the anxietyprovoking events. Increased levels of blood pressure, blood sugar and risk of heart strokes are the possible results. (d) (i) Adopting healthy lifestyle - exercise (ii) engaging in soothing activities (iii) Positive attitude, socialising instead of loneliness (iv) alternative therapies—hypnotherapy, faith therapy, yoga and meditation. (e) (i) People tend to have poor diets and consume more junk food, caffeine and alcohol. (ii) Prolonged stress causes vitamin and mineral depletion. 1.2 (a) immune (b) vague (c) amenable 2.1 Notes: 1. Confi. Makers (a) overcoming problems unaided (b) faith in ind’l ability (c) (i) self-help (ii) self-dependence 2. Confi. Shakers (a) overprotectn by family (b) never left alone to manage for themselves 3. Confi. and Success (a) manag without support (i) more assurance (ii) greater self-esteem 4. Confi. Building (a) avoid overprotectn (b) self-reliance (c) self-assurance 5. Mid Gen. Parents (a) afraid of extra bold children - aggressiveness (b) lack confidence - meek suggestions - children more confident (c) obey and appease their old dictatorial parents (d) want children with ind’l entity and confidence (e) self-oriented child - disobey parents (f) suffer from both sides - lack of confi. 2.2 SELF-CONFIDENCE Faith in one’s own capacity and single handed tackling develops confidence while overprotective attitude destroys it. Self-supporting children have more assurance, and greater self-esteem. Self-reliance and self-assurance are essential for success. The mid generation parents, are 104 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII afraid of the aggressiveness of the naughty and extra bold children. Their children are more confident and assertive because they have individual entity and are self-oriented. These mid generation parents suffer both ways—from dictatorial parents and disobeying children simply because they lack self-confidence. SECTION–B (ADVANCED WRITING SKILLS) 3. First Option ACCOMMODATION WANTED Wanted for a Central Government senior officer, an independent accommodation comprising three bedrooms with attached bathrooms, drawing-cum-dining room, kitchen with modern amenities and facility for car parking in Greater Kailash/Friend’s Colony on reasonable rent. Provision for separate bathroom and a store will be considered an extra facility. Contact Phone No. 2326 3081 between 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Second Option D-59, Adarsh Nagar New Delhi 18 May 200X Dear Mridula Thank you for your cordial invitation for spending a part of my summer vacation with you in your native village. I was eager to go to your village but the sudden illness of my mother has pushed back all my thoughts of recreation. I am sorry I am unable to enjoy your hospitality this summer. I hope you won’t feel upset or take it to heart. Yours sincerely Vipasha 4. First Option PREVENTION OF CRUELTY TO ANIMALS People generally love animals and keep them as pets. Of late domestic animals are being illtreated by their masters. Instead of being well-fed, well nourished cattle, cows, bullocks and horses, we find emaciated bullocks pulling overloaded carts or wooden legged horses yoked to tongas. The fate of cows is the worst of all. The dry cows are let loose on the roads. These stray cows wander about in search of grass and create many problems in the traffic besides creating insanitation. This is a very sorry state of affairs. Animals are in no way less faithful, punctual, helpful and sincere than man. They express love and loyalty, gratitude and anger. They serve us as true servants and guard us as true guardians. We should stop maltreating animals. The harassment of animals begins at home. If we can’t maintain pets properly, we have no right to keep them. The authorities should prevent cruelty to animals by checking overloading of goods/passengers in carts. Similarly, attention should be paid to the animals in circus or zoo. They should get proper food and care. Second Option REPORT ON OPENING CEREMONY OF SPORTS MEET The tenth inter school state sports competitions were inaugurated at our school playgrounds on Sunday, the 19th Feb, 200X. Mr T. N. Biswas, the Chief Secretary of the state declared the games open. Over 2500 school boys and girls would compete for honours in 27 disciplines over the next 10 days. The flame for the Sports Meet was lit by famous athlete Anjaiya. 29 participating contingents from various states and union territories took part in the impressive march past. P R A C T I C E P A P E R S 105 After the oath taking ceremony by the athletes, there was a beautiful cultural programme of folk dances and music. In his brief speech, the Chief Guest congratulated the participants for their enthusiasm and expressed the hope that this sports meet will help the potential talent to bloom to full glory. 5. First Option 16, Vasant Kunj New Delhi 16 October 200X My dear Arun I hope this letter will find you in the best state of health and happiness. You are well aware that the auspicious festival of Diwali is at hand. All the buildings present a very gay and bright look as they have been whitewashed and painted. Diwali is also associated with sending of gifts to relatives and friends. Young children indulge in exploding crackers. I would like you not to indulge in the extravagance on crackers. It is not a whim, fancy or sentiment of mine but has a solid argument behind it. The bursting of fireworks spreads pollution as the harmful gases it emits are unhygienic in nature. The suspended particulate matter affects the sensitive tissues of our body adversely. Secondly, cracker-burst may cause severe burns on human body. Sometimes people lose their eyes or suffer severe fatal burns. Every year shops catch fire due to cracker-burst. The money spent on crackers can be utilised for a better cause. Thirdly, the explosives in crackers are of very poor quality. These crackers are products of the labour of small children who expose themselves to all dangers while manufacturing them. Let us also raise our voice of protest against exploitation of child-labour. So please celebrate Diwali jubiliantly without exploding crackers or using fireworks. Pay my compliments to dear uncle and aunt. Yours affectionately, Rajan Second Option D-52, Shakti Nagar Delhi 18 August 200X The Editor The Times of India New Delhi Sir Sub: Non-availability of Essential Commodities Through the columns of your esteemed daily I want to draw the attention of our popular leaders, general public and the Food and Civil Supplies Department, Delhi, towards the nonavailability of essential commodities to the bonafide ration card holders at the fair price shops of our area. Our area is densely populated and the arrival of migrant labour has worsened the consumer supply ratio. The fair-price shops which used to cater to the needs of our locality have now adopted unfair means and indulge in malpractices in order to make a fast buck. Their modus operandi is quite simple and obvious. Whenever the consumers—the genuine ration card holders approach them for sugar, rice, wheat or kerosene oil, the stock reply is that they have not yet received the supply. In case a truck comes during the daytime, serpentine queues can be seen. By the time half of them get their supply, the ‘NO STOCK’ board is put up. Poor consumers waste their time and energy and return empty handed. 106 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII shopowners and inspectors of Food and Civil Supplies Department. Monetary consideration such as hefty salaries and perks in developed countries is the primary cause of brain-drain. sometimes forever. the student leaders resort to all the tricks employed by the seasoned politicians. We have developed a large and sound infrastructure of science. The frequent elections to various civic bodies and legislatures further aggravate the violence and disruptive activities on the campus. in the form of higher wages. Lack of promotion and stagnation pours cold water on their hopes and enthusiasm. In the colleges and universities elections are contested on party lines. In case we want to check brain-drain. P R A C T I C E P A P E R S 107 . They should develop political conciousness but not become tools of wily politicians. The political parties thus make inroads into educational institutions. Corruption. They get dedicated workers and utilise their services during their own elections to parliament or state legislatures. proper atmosphere of work. but the motherland is deprived of the fruit of their knowledge and skill. research facilities.We have lodged frequent protests and complained to the concerned authorities. Second Option BRAIN-DRAIN India can proudly proclaim the achievements of scientists. good pay and perks should be given to the talented professionals. The lowering of voting age and democratisation of the set up of educational institutions brought politics to the school level. Students should not forget their main aim and mission– studies and learning. This brain-drain thwarts our development. Well. Effective and positive measures should be adopted by government to curb this trend. Sometimes there are clashes amongst student groups owing allegience to political parties with diverse ideologies. technology and industry. Under such poor working conditions they resort to the escape route and migrate to other countries. Students ignore their studies and indulge in slogan shouting. but too much involvement in politics is certainly harmful. nepotism and redtapism thwart all their efforts to make significant contribution to their fields. First Option (a) Green wars. This brain-drain may bring lucrative rewards to the migrating scientists. We get quite pleasing assurance. Bureaucratic and political domination and interference in the field of science and technology irritates the young visionaries. Our software professionals have made a significant contribution to the development of Silicon Valley and now Germany is thinking of utilising the services of our engineers and professionals. I think there is a vicious nexus between the blackmarketeers. political awareness is good. Yours truly Rashmi 6. engineers etc. After independence politicians utilised the exuberance of bubbling youth for their partisan and selfish ends. While contesting elections to the students’ council. I appeal to the political bosses to order a thorough probe into these irregularities and safeguard the interest of the genuine ration card holders. Lack of facilities for research and inadequate pay force the budding talent to seek greener pastures elsewhere. wars with poisonous gases and wars with the fire are the different kinds of wars. better standard of living and vast scope for research and professional advancement. First Option THE INVOLVEMENT OF STUDENTS IN POLITICS The involvement of students in politics began during the freedom struggle. speech making and taking out processions. engineers and professionals in the field of computer software. SECTION–C (TEXTBOOKS) 7(a). (c) The man had put his money in a leather pouch which hung on a nail in the window frame. He helped them regulate the crowd. Their effect has left its print on her hands. but M. 9. He was frightened that the teacher might rebuke him. The ‘ashen’ face of the poet’s mother is pale and lifeless. The ‘ashen’ and ‘corpse-like’ face is contrasted with the young trees sprinting outside. We lack human qualities and it makes us inhuman. Hence the spirit of the rural people remains depressed because of poverty. Our life becomes gloomy. 8. (e) The diversity and volume of Umberto’s output baffles people. (d) When Aunt Jennifer dies. (b) The voice of the country people seems to complain of injustice against them and lack of money in their lives. The ordeals that crushed her married life had sorrounded and cramped her fingers and hands too. It is the centre of India's glass-blowing industry. So Franz had to open the door and go in before everybody. He picked out three wrinkled ten-kronor bills for his guest to see as he has seemed sceptical. The world of the rich and the ‘civilized’ has nothing to do with the world of narrow lanes and cramped holes. The gap between these two worlds highlights social disparities and class inequalities. (b) Franz had hoped to get to his desk unseen during the commotion. She is dozing and lost to herself. He knew that water has buoyancy. He gave the Britishers a concrete proof that their dreaded and unquestioned power could be challenged by Indians. The image of the ‘dozing’ mother is contrasted with the ‘spilling’ of children. We cultivate unhealthy and evil ways. her hands will still look terrified. Every other family in Firozabad is engaged in making bangles. (b) In this poem Stephen Spender deals with the theme of social injustice and class inequalities. (a) The poet has used beautiful images to highlight the stark contrast between the scene inside the car and the activities going on outside. (b).(b) It will be a victory where no survivors will be left to celebrate it. Perhaps she has experienced a lot of hardships and troubles in the past. (c) The poet will feel a great relief if the rural people are liberated of all pains with one stroke. It looks like that of a corpse. First Option Douglas was frightened as he was going down. Eco admits that he might have given the impression of doing many things but he is convinced that he is always doing the same thing. Then he stuffed them back into the pouch. (c) They should put on clean clothes and walk with their brothers under the trees leisurely doing nothing. All such things bring misery. Families have spent generations working around furnaces. But that day it was quite quiet. He was polite and friendly. (d) survivors Second Option (a) The life of the people in countryside is quite miserable for want of money. welding glass. He presents the theme by talking of two different and incompatible worlds. Hamel spoke kindly to him that day. He must make a 108 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . Money which can increase the level of their living is not found there. He blushed as he was late. His active mind suggested a strategy to save himself from being drowned in water. making bangles for all the women in the land. the English novelist and academic once remarked that he could not understand how one man could do all the things Eco did. sorrows and sufferings to man. (c) Man himself is the root cause of his sufferings. We suffer from malice and distress. (d) Gandhi cooperated with the officials. Even David Lodge. (a) Firozabad is famous for its glass bangles. In spite of difference in their temperaments. An absolute terror seized Douglas. split apart. The experience on Antarctica helps in developing a new understanding and respect for the earth. Sophie told him that Casey would give her an autograph if she cared to meet him next week. Using all his strength. He choked and went down again. desolate and farthest place in the world. He was an apprentice mechanic. He rose up very slowly. Instead of feeling angry over the way of his entry. He asks Derry to mind the apples as he might trip. At present Antarctica is an expanse of white snow with no trees. First Option The author regards a journey to Antarctica as very important. If you want to understand the earth’s present. He grew panicky and he was suffocated. It was something else other than football. He had lost all his breath. Now a blackness swept over his brain. there was a close bond between the two. accommodating and protective. He warned her that Danny Casey was a celebrity. He was three years out of school. He thought that Sophie was too young and immature. He must have many girls like her running after him. Her secret was something special just between them. but his arms and legs wouldn’t move. His eyes and nose came out of water. Now Antarctica is very cold. Antarctica is the perfect place to study how little changes in the environment can have big consequences. he points out that the P R A C T I C E P A P E R S 109 . He spoke very little. He was almost grown up now. Due to some geological changes. When we see glaciers retreating and ice-shelves collapsing. past and future. 10. millions of years ago Antarctica had far warmer climate and had a huge variety of flora and fauna. his lungs were ready to burst. Sophie had romantic fascination for Casey. He did so. However. Like his father.big jump as his feet hit the bottom. lie flat on it and paddle to the edge of the pool. we realise that the threat of global warming is very real. He swallowed more water as he tried to shout. Second Option Mr Lamb is quite gentle. Second Option Geoff was Sophie’s elder brother. he made a great jump. His lungs ached and head throbbed. It is their fascination for the Irish prodigy. His stiff legs refused to obey him. Geoff and Sophie share a common trait. Still he listened to her. the different parts that made Gondwana. Danny Casey. She thinks that the world’s geological history is trapped in Antarctica. But they differ in their thinking. He had experienced the terror that fear of death can produce as well as the sensation of dying. He never dreamt of big and beautiful things. Antarctica holds in its ice-cores half-million-year-old carbon records trapped in its layers of ice. Geoff did not believe “he’d ever show up. He knew that Sophie’s story of meeting with Danny Casey was not true. He swallowed more water and went down third time. Sophie confided in him. Antarctica is the place to go to. He saw nothing but yellow coloured dirty water. It was not meant for nosey Jansie who would spread it in the whole neighbourhood. but not his mouth. Geoff was mature enough to understand his limitations and those of his family. animals or native human inhabitants. He travelled to his work each day to the far side of the city. Geoff wished Casey to be a great footballer one day. He went down through darkwater again. He was getting dizzy. His reasoning power told him to jump again.” Thus he acted like an elder brother. He hoped to rise up like a cork to the surface. Geoff tried to persuade Sophie. Before he touched bottom. He was paralysed under water. Sophie was jealous of Geoff’s silence. He was quiet and didn’t make new friends easily. The example of the phytoplankton is quite relevant as it gives us a sound advice: “take care of the small things and the big things will take care of themselves”. Geoff was always the first to share Sophie’s secrets. The lead story was about President Cleveland. he does not react like others. He admits that he is the same as the boy. So he sent for him and wanted to know what he said then. If the boy has a burnt face. Opposite him sat McLeery. (d) There would be mango. payasam. Gradually. (a) Charley judged from the style of dress the people at third level were wearing that they belonged to the 1890’s. 110 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . Their beards. palm-fruit. sideburns and fancy moustaches also pointed out to that era. palmsyrup. He was staring straight in front of him towards the door. palm-shoots. he has got a tin leg. sugarcane. She would see people selling sweet and savoury fried snacks. gram. cucumber. His eyes were fixed at ‘The Church Times’. His hair was amateurishly clipped pretty closely to the scalp. Charley saw a stack of the newspaper ‘The World’ at the feet of the newsboy.gate is always open and he is welcome. boiled tamarind seeds and iced lollies each day. 11. He wanted to show the dead beast to the State astrologer. (b) The Maharaja was excited beyond measure when he killed his first tiger. guavas and jack-fruit. sweet potato. He then tells him the story of a man who feared everything and shut himself in a room. He felt proud of his feat. Instead of exhibiting fear and revulsion. according to the season. (c) He found Evans sitting with his pen between his lips. The fingers of the left-hand were slowly stroking the short black beard. From the files of the Public Library he came to know that the issue was printed on 11 June 1894. His positive attitude and different thinking to life inspires the boy to talk to him like a friend. he tries to win over the confidence of Derry by reminding him of ‘Beauty and the Beast’. halva. His right index finger was hooked beneath the narrow clerical collar. he shows understanding and affection. On learning about his burnt face. His cordial manner and conciliatory tone touch the inner most chords of a defiant boy like Derry who does not want to mix up with others. Characteristics (a) include cellulose. co-operation and harmony. Action Mechanism (a) bind bile salts—prevent reabsorptn (b) decrease cholesterol level in circuln (c) decrease post prandial glucose level in blood P R A C T I C E P A P E R S 111 . ‘earn’ wealth by employing them. 5. Defn. citrus fruits (c) carrots. Sources (a) cereals and grains. They are confined to present joys and do not think deeper. Sometimes these rebels become violent and indulge in insurgent and terrorist activities. cabbages. Importance (a) low incidence of heart diseases and cancer (b) removes constipation (c) checks obesity. pectin etc. structure (c) solubility (i) some sol in water (ii) others insoluble in H2O 4. of dietary fibres 2. 3. green leafy vegs. 2. (d) It may take the form of political opposition. legumes (b) fruits with seeds. lignin. 6.SOLUTIONS TO PRACTICE PAPER–2 SECTION–A (READING SKILLS) 1. (c) They are intelligent.1 Notes: 1. (e) Modern man is exploiting mother earth and nature to the extent of their destruction and consequently his own. caries etc. Being self-indulgent they do not follow any moral code of conduct. (b) It means ‘learn’ to operate the modern devices. diabetes. (f) Humanity is likely to be ushered into the third millennium by evolving a new way of life and releasing a new principle of global consciousness through a fundamental research in the science of life. skilful and hardworking but they lack insight and foresight. friendship. ‘burn’ the natural resources as well as oneself and ‘enjoy’ one’s own funeral. Properties (a) not digested/absorbed by enzymes of stomach/small intestines (b) hold water—get swollen—act like sponge (c) add bulk to diet—increase transit time in the gut (d) undergo fermentn in the colon. 1.1 (a) The most prominent quality associated with youth is energy. (b) specific chem. The sensitive youth are looking for an alternative model of development based on mutual love.2 (a) insurgent (b) insatiable (c) ethereal. Chetan Swaroop Librarian 4. Salt Lake. imported blood line. a speeding truck struck against an autorickshaw full of school children. lignin. to 19 Nov.7. citrus fruits. books. Fortunately they had received only minor injuries. A number of children were thrown off and two hit the railing on the pavement. They have a specific chemical structure but different physical and chemical properties. The truck driver utilised the opportunity and sped away. waterbottles etc. three each of a breed. All students are requested to attend. Cereals and grains. Kolkata. These fibres include cellulose. Age of pups – 3 to 6 months. As he lost control. Adverse Effects (a) preventg absorpon of metals (b) nutritional deficiency—lesser minerals 2. Scotch Terrier Pups. cabbages and green leafy vegetables are rich in fibres. plant gums and mucilages. Being indigestible they add bulk to diet and increase transit time in the intestines. carrots. People rushed to save them. Only genuine dog lovers need. 9 Nov. Second Option NOTICE GOLDEN OPPORTUNITY FOR Book-lovers The International Book Fair is being organised at Pragati Maidan as per details given below: Dates : 14 Nov. SECTION–B (ADVANCED WRITING SKILLS) 3. They also decrease cholestoral level and glucose level in blood. both male and female. Some fibres undergo fermentation in colon. adult dogs 1½ to 2 years – fully trained and inoculated. pectin. First Option SPEEDING TRUCK HITS AND RUNS —Mani Aiyyar Trichy. Some are soluble in water while others are insoluble. Since they prevent absorption of metals and minerals increased dietary fibres may result in nutritional deficiency. The head of driver of the auto bumped into the wind screen. they get swollen and act like sponge. Contact: Sumit Bandopadhayay. 200X Time : 2 pm to 9 pm Latest publications and rare books will be on display. the vehicle overturned and the road was littered with bags. They bind bile salts and prevent its reabsorption. are available for sale. 200X 112 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . Since they hold water. fruit with seeds. nine in all.2 ROLE OF DIETARY FIBRES Dietary fibres are indigestible carbohydrates present in plant foods. which result in low incidence of many diseases. 38. First Option CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENT DOGS & KENNELS Adult Pekinese and Dachshund. legumes. 7 March In yet another hit and run accident. Second Option 123 Diplomatic Enclave New Delhi The Editor The Hindustan Times New Delhi 18 March. Yours truly Sudhanshu 6. Even educated people consider boys superior to girls because they are stronger physically. These orthodox and retrograde views have forced the grown up women to raise the banner of protest and demand reservation for women. One of the reading rooms is for newspapers and periodicals. women are so suppressed and depressed in the countryside that any P R A C T I C E P A P E R S 113 . Advertisements are launched in such a way that children are the targets of the advertised goods. it has become easier to locate the books. shoes. confectionaries. before approving the advertisements for public display the authorities should take note of its precise effect on children and check the errant agencies from committing such malpractices. mentally and emotionally. transparent covers and are placed at specific places and stands. The third is reserved for self-study where we can carry our books and read. gloss-top tables and velvety carpets. textiles. 5. 200X Sir Sub: Hard Core Marketing Through the columns of your esteemed daily. In fact.000 books. The other is for the faculty members. The covers of newly arrived books are displayed on a notice-board. and rather more industrious girls due to the misconceived notion that the family propagates only with the male child. Since the open shelf system has been introduced.Second Option Sunil Joshi. The librarian is ever ready to help us. Consumerism has made inroads to such an extent that all out efforts are made to entice them into becoming prospective consumers. In case it is not on the shelf. All the reading rooms are well-lit and have curtains to ward off the heat. Head boy THE NEW STUDY CENTRE The school has added another feather to its cap by converting the new wing to a Study Centre comprising a spacious hall for library with 90 stacks of open shelves and about 60. The mothers fondle. The magazines and periodicals have their beautiful. Then there are numerous awards attached to schemes – all very dear to the hearts of young children. Parents who love and fondle their children yield to their insistence. it can be requisitioned with the help of catalogue card. cajole and coax the boys and scold the equally intelligent. First Option: Attempt yourself. First Option MAGAZINE ARTICLE For centuries the girl child has been a victim of misplaced notions and an object of ridicule and discrimination. fast food and fizzy drink manufacturers. The child and through him the parents are easily exploited by the advertisers of sports goods. I think. The three reading rooms are well furnished with moulded chairs. I wish to draw the attention of the authorities and parents to the malpractices that are being carried on by the media under the guise of marketing strategies. The need is to inculcate proper perspective in parents as well as students. (b). Many students commit suicide because they fear that their performance may not match their parents’ expectations. (b) The walls of the classroom have pictures of Shakespeare. jobs. The pictures on the wall suggesting happiness. (c) The beauty of daffodils. SECTION–C (TEXTBOOKS) 7(a). Every child cannot get the highest marks in each subject. 114 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . (a) The poet is driving to the Cochin airport. richness. Yet.project of women uplift is impossible without giving them special treatment. orthodox. Our constitution provides for equality of sexes and no discrimination or gender bias should thwart the progress of girl child. It is only in the elite urban groups that the feats of girls and women are applauded. First Option (a) The poem is ‘A Thing of Beauty’. well being and beauty are in stark contrast to the dim and dull slums. patient and understanding. With the speed of the car they seem to be running fast or sprinting. Second Option (a) The colour of the classroom walls is ‘sour cream’ or off white. buildings with domes. In their myopic state they forget that only one student can top the class. the young trees seem to be walking past them. When she looks outside. Second Option EXAMINATION PHOBIA Examinations are an ordeal. In the educated middle classes we find girls and women competing with boys and men in every sphere—studies. The poet is John Keats. Since the portals of higher education and technical / professional education are open to students with good grades. yet they have to face this necessary evil year after year. misery and malnutrition of the slums where children are underfed. This colour suggests the decaying aspect and pathetic condition of the lives of the children in a slum-school. Sometimes these pressures drive students to the brink of mental breakdown. a hellfire for the children as well as their dear parents. We have to change the social milieu and force the traditional. Thus they cause a psychological strain on themselves besides overburdening and harassing their children. The other world is of progress and prosperity peopled by the rich and the powerful. administration or politics. world maps and beautiful valleys. The aspirations of the children are high and the parents are so involved with the performance of their wards in examination that both are tense. the condition of girls in 60% urban homes and 90% rural homes is still pitiable. creative sensibilities and developing physical stamina. The poet presents a contrast—her ‘dozing’ old mother and the ‘sprinting’ young trees. Let the students try to display their real talent and potential. (b) The magnificence that we imagine for our mighty dead forefathers on the dooms day. (c) The poet hints at two worlds: the world of poverty. They will find the girl child more hardworking. parents expect their children to perform wonderfully well in the examination. (d) The endless fountain of nectar (immortal drink) pours into us from the heavenly bliss of nature. retrograde and backward looking people to change their point of view and treat boys and girls equally by providing them equal opportunities for studies. rills and musk-rose is more enchanting than all lovely stories that we have heard or read. They try to egg their wards on by indulging in comparisons of the attainments of their siblings with those of their friends or neighbours. They do not welcome it. weak and have stunted growth. human beings crave for company. Books seemed a nuisance to him and a burden to carry. The peddler who calls the world a rattrap is himself tempted by thirty kronor. He has worked hard for long years. In a little while he gathered confidence. They were majestic and courageous. Now his cow supported him. Secondly. Next morning the crofter went to milk the cow.(b) Instead of indulging in wars. First Option One dark evening the peddler reached a little gray cottage by the roadside. They should go out for a walk under the shady trees and enjoy themselves doing nothing. However. They will swarm over the lives of the poor rural folk. He sold her milk at the creamery everyday. They looked sleek. His father went blind with the dust from polishing the glass of bangles. He did so two or three times on different days. and the peddler went away. It may have been due to his readiness to say nice things about everything. broke the window pane. These people are more cruel than the wild beasts of prey. took the money out of the leather pouch and put it back on the nail. They will make plans to extract maximum profit from them. He watched the other boys and tried to imitate them. He began to feel comfortable. he returned after half an hour. Many of them signed the new agreement willingly. He wasted time on seeking birds’ eggs or going sliding on the Saar. He had not learnt his lessons properly. (a) Mukesh’s father was born in the caste of bangle-makers. for social bonding. Among them is a seminal work on semiotics. He pursues them through his academic works and novels. The owner. the people must come out in their best dresses with their brothers. They appeared to be prancing (jumping) across a screen. he worked on land at Ramsjo Ironworks. welcomed him. Eco has written more than 40 scholarly non-fictional works. Then he played cards with him till bed time. He prefers to be called an P R A C T I C E P A P E R S 115 . He has failed to renovate a house or send his two sons to school. an old man without wife or child. (c) Unpleasant memories of the past were revived and childish fears were stirred. He knocked on the door to ask shelter for the night. He served him hot porridge for supper and gave him tobacco for his pipe. temptations can overpower the greatest philosopher. (b) Franz hardly knew how to write. Their only aim is to mint money and earn huge profits by befooling the innocent rural people. They are the same bunch of ethical and philosophical interests. Even his books for children are about non-violence and peace. He was happy to get someone to talk to in his loneliness. They will themselves ‘sleep all day’ but ‘destroy their sleeping at night’. They paced in ‘chivalric certainty’. 8. Then they came to know about synthetic indigo. The host told the peddler that in his days of prosperity. Then he hung the leather pouch on a nail in the window frame. (c) The greedy people will pose as ‘good-doers’. He paddled with his new water wings. (d) The sharecropping arrangement was troublesome to the peasants. first as a tailor and then as a bangle-maker. Some resisted and engaged lawyers. The peasants wanted their money back. They were bright like yellow topaz. This episode shows that in loneliness. They didn’t fear the men beneath the tree. He showed the peddler the thirty kronor notes he got as payment that month. (e) The author suggests that it might be because of his intimacy with the Boss or because his general demeanour resembled that of a sycophant. Second Option Umberto Eco has many philosophical interests. (d) Aunt Jennifer’s tigers were created in the panel by her own hands. He had put off learning till the next day thinking he had plenty of time. He is an old and poor bangle maker. 9. He was a Japanese every inch. The wizard chanted a magical spell. He says that he has already two wives. The floor of his room was deeply matted. Skunk wanted to know what he could do and cried hard. Roger Skunk would stand there all alone. He might marry the gun if he liked. First Option Dr Sadao’s father had high dreams about the future of Japan. 10. It contained a note by Sam. “Roses”. Umberto Eco shares a secret with the interviewer. He told the owl that all the other little animals ran away from him because he smelled very bad. Eco admits that his essays have a narrative aspect. song and music loving people there. old owl on the topmost branch of the tree. It will become as big as a fist. He added that a Tiger King was more than enough for that state. He works in these empty spaces and uses them to his advantage. 116 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . The wizard found his magic wand and asked Roger Skunk what he wanted to smell like. (a) The paper inside the first-day cover was not blank. This narrative style of his scholarly works was fully developed later on in his novels. wise. In short. He would never sit on a chair or sleep in a foreign bed in his house. Their marriage was arranged in the old Japanese way only after Sadao’s father had seen her when both of them had come home to Japan after finishing their education. Roger Skunk now smelled of Roses. enjoying the company of carefree. Umberto Eco has evolved a distinct non-fictional style. Whenever Roger Skunk went out to play.’ Then they would run away. He wants a tiger. 11. Similarly we have a lot of empty spaces or interstices in our lives. Second Option Roger Skunk smelled very bad—in fact so bad that none of the other little woodland creatures would play with him. He thinks that if we eliminate the empty spaces from the universe the world will shrink. It did not need a Tiger Queen as well. He advised Charley to keep looking for the third level as it was worth it. The owl advised Roger Skunk to go to the wizard who lived in the dense forest over a little river. Roger Skunk walked along very sadly and came to a very big tree. He thinks that the Maharaja wants to marry him. For the sake of the best possible medical education. The Maharaja clarifies that he does not want to marry him. written from Galesburg on 18 July 1894 and addressed to Charley. The quilt was covered with flowered silk and the lining was pure white silk. It is different from the regular academic style which is usually ‘depersonalised and often dry and boring. The wizard too observed that the Skunk smelled awful. Sadao met Hana there. all the other tiny animals would cry: ‘Uh-oh. It revealed that Sam had found the third level and had been in Galesburg for two weeks. There was no limit to their future as it depended on what they made it. Two little round tears would fall from his eyes. he sent his son to America. The owl admitted that he did so. He asked what he wanted. He never played or joked with his only son. Roger Skunk told his problem. (b) The reaction of the Dewan is quite funny and amusing. Roger thought and said. He participates in academic conferences and not in the meetings of pen clubs and writers. but waited to fall in love with her until he was sure she was Japanese. everything here had been Japanese to please him. There was a huge.’ Padmanabhan finds a certain playful and personal quality about his scholarly work. But he spent infinite pains upon him. The Dewan interrupts him saying that his ancestors were married to the sword. There was a smell of roses all around the wizard’s house.academician. His father would never have received her unless she had been pure in her race. here comes Roger Stinky Skunk. He declares that he is a university professor who writes novels on Sundays. He identifies himself with the academic community. Still they come to his garden. Not only circulatory and metabolic functions but even imagination are strained. (d) Mr Lamb does not provide a straightforward solution. He says that in the street kids shout “Lamey–Lamb” at him. The author.(c) It was a frightening possibility owing to the stark contrast in physical parameters. They are not afraid of him because he is not afraid of them. He concentrates on other things. Antarctica has 90 per cent of Earth’s total ice. He simply ignores their comments. a South-Indian. lived under the hot sun. P R A C T I C E P A P E R S 117 . house gases (i) rise in the sea level (ii) shifting of various deserts and plateaus 2.SOLUTIONS TO PRACTICE PAPER–3 SECTION–A (READING SKILLS) 1. Energy consn. reduce pollution (ii) ‘clean-burn’ pollt. at grass root level (b) Energy consn. (a) Energy & Envt. dull and monotonous (ii) others try to pull you back. aspects (b) formulating envtl. use of energy (c) presn. harm (ii) no polln. (i) envtl. (a) combined efforts (i) mental attitude (ii) behavl. protn. (c) It showed that people involved in inexpensive leisure were more happy than those involved in expensive ones. Investt.1 Notes: 1.2 (a) trivial (b) parable (c) ingredients. 5. mgt. of envt. free 4. 2. (d) The factors that inspire man to higher level of performance in life are: (iii) pleasing others (i) necessity/personal gain (ii) fascination (iv) solving problems (v) actualising values (Any two out of five) (e) (i) living for something greater than overselves (ii) knowledge of doing something different (f) (i) it is lonely. (a) huge cloud of polluts (i) haze (ii) acid rain (b) global warm’g (i) green house gases (ii) acid gases (iii) depletn of ozone layer (c) adverse effects of gn. correlated (i) cleaning up polln. polln. (ii) invt. (ii) energy & resource consn. in processing: conserve petrol. for envtl. 1. Refineries & Energy consumptn (a) significant reduction in energy consumptn (i) better opern. Impact of fossil fuels on envt. (b) The adventure sports thrill human beings by infusing a sense of achievement which initially seemed beyond the endurance limit of human body. (c) renewable sources of energy (i) little envtl. system (i) prevtg. Goal of Industry (a) avoidance of wasting sources of energy (b) efft. 118 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . necessity (ii) cost saving 3.1 (a) It suggests breaking through the limitations of what the human body can achieve. It is because the mind has to be pressed to the maximum constructive use. Refineries can help energy consumption by better operations in processing and pollutant free ‘clean-burn’ combined efforts. Since energy and environment are correlated. it has a sentimental value for me. SECTOR 16 on 15 August.00 Hours EVERY DONOR WILL BE AWARDED CERTIFICATE Remember BLOOD DONATION CAUSES NO WEAKNESS COME FORWARD D onat eB lo o d and S av eaL if e onate Blo loo Sav ave Lif ife Secretary District Red Cross Society. The finder is requested to hand it over to the undersigned or the Principal. Mithun/Madhuri XII-A. Haze and acid rain will follow this global warming caused by greenhouse gases and depletion of ozone layer. It is an HMT ‘Supriya’ model with golden case and a brown strap. I lost my wristwatch in the school playground. 200X While playing hockey in the games period today. 200X at 11. Energy conservation is environmental necessity as well as cost saving. Roll No. 305 P R A C T I C E P A P E R S 119 . It bears my initials on the backside. Faridabad Second Option NOTICE 15 Nov.2 PETROLEUM CONSERVATION AND ENVIRONMENT A huge cloud of pollutants hovers over us due to burning of fossil fuels.2. Rising sea level and shifting of various deserts and plateaus may follow. proper environment management and utilisation of renewable sources of energy are essential to conserve energy and preserve environment. investment at grassroot level will clean up pollution. First Option POSTER THE RED CROSS SOCIETY. FARIDABAD is organising A BLOOD DONA TION CAMP DONATION at CAMBRIDGE SCHOOL. Being a birthday present. Hence investment for environmental protection is essential. SECTION–B (ADVANCED WRITING SKILLS) 3. Business houses and government departments use computers for data collection. You are also requested to supply the details of estimated expenditure with student concession so that the money may be deposited well in time. It was about 11. The burglars tied cash and jewellery in bundles when the police surrounded the building and asked the burglars to surrender. New Delhi Sir Sub: Reservation of a Bogie for 60 students A group of 60 students of senior classes of this school have planned to visit Bhubaneswar and nearby worth seeing spots during the summer vacation. comparison. oceanography and geology. Hoping for an early reply 120 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . During the last three decades of the twentieth century new dimensions have been added to computer technology. Sales accounting. but my father did so when he heard the gun shot. An early confirmation at your end will help the school authorities finalise the other necessary arrangements. Banks.m. But the burglars pointed a gun towards him and demanded the keys of the chest. Traffic control and space technology can be assisted by computers.00 p. taxes. His wife and children had gone to bed. income. a jeweller who lives in a house opposite ours. Nowadays the burglars have no qualms of conscience while snatching or removing money and material forcibly. 5. BIKANER Students’ Forum No 328/SSB/01 15 March. Two of the burglars tied the members of his family with ropes. The touring party intends to leave Bikaner on 15 May. First Option COMPUTER EDUCATION Computers have covered five generations since Charles Babbage invented a machine that could take in information and sort it in the form of tables. hotels and other establishments use them in various calculations and maintenance of record of funds.4. 200X by Bikaner Mail in a specially reserved bogie to be linked to Konark Express at Delhi. On hearing sounds of footsteps he raised alarm. The Indian computer industry has also taken rapid strides and now computers have far wider applications. E-mail and E-commerce are the latest applications of computer science. I was too frightened to inform the police. List of tour party on prescribed proformas is enclosed. They fired a shot in the air. profit/loss and record of employees/patrons. I witnessed a gory accident yesterday. Thus computer education has become essential in the new millennium. They are likely to commence their return journey on 5 June by the same train. expenditure. First Option SARVODAYA SCHOOL. Sometimes the burglars do not hesitate to use force and cause bloodshed also. Scientists use computer for engineering science. 200X The General Manager Northern Railway Baroda House. Four youngmen with masked faces broke into the house of Mr Sumer Chand. Second Option A BURGLARY Burglary is a hateful and heinous crime of entering a building in order to steal. They will be accompanied by three lecturers and two attendants. sales analysis and stock verification can be done accurately. analysis. Thus timely action by vigilant neighbours led to the arrest of the criminals. Please confirm whether a bogie can be reserved for them during the above dates. The drains are open and keep over-flowing with garbage and dirt. malaria. Heaps of dirt keep lying in the streets. visit our locality in person and take immediate steps to improve the living conditions. The supply of drinking water is very irregular and inadequate so people use water of hand pumps. The administrators should keep a close watch on the activities of the students.Yours faithfully Varsha Secretary Students’ Forum Second Option C-564. 200X The Chairman Municipal Corporation Karnal Sir Sub: Insanitary conditions and erratic water supply I would like to bring to your kind notice the plight of the residents of Vishnu Gardens due to unsatisfactory state of sanitary arrangements and improper supply of drinking water. the residents have become victims of water borne diseases like cholera. In the western countries women P R A C T I C E P A P E R S 121 . The motive behind ragging is to make the freshers ‘comfortable’ in the new set up. They bully. locking them up in lavatories. Low-lying areas and pits remain filled with stagnant waters. Authorities should take care that ragging doesn't affect the self-esteem of the freshers or dehumanise them. However. typhoid and diarrhoea. Stray dogs. pigs and cows also add to the worsening insanitary conditions. We have requested the sanitary inspector time and again but our grievances remain unattended. Yours faithfully Harish Kumar Secretary Residents Welfare Association 6. Ragging should be banned and the guilty should be given exemplary punishment. Physical and mental torture of the freshers is a harassment. The barbaric acts of beating innocent freshers. humiliate and even beat up their juniors. First Option RAGGING IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS Ragging in schools and colleges has become a customary practice and symbol of modernity. Many defend the practice of ragging the freshers as a harmless way of introduction and free mixing up. therefore request you to kindly spare some time. intimidate. Due to non-availability of pure drinking water. The strategy of 3P’s: Prohibition-Prevention-Punishment devised by the UGC for colleges and universities should be made applicable to schools also. giving them electric shocks or asking them to parade naked are worst forms of torture and abuse. Smoking is the most dangerous evil which is prevalent in almost all the countries of the world. Vishnu Gardens Karnal 21 September. Imagine the torture and insults the freshers have to undergo during a ragging session. the senior students resort to tricks of C-grade horror movies. No wonder ragging sessions have gained respectability in public schools. Second Option SMOKING—A HEALTH HAZARD The use of tobacco in any form is harmful for health. We. They will exploit the rural poor and mint money. 122 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . Tobacco contains nicotine that harms the lungs and may cause incurable cancer. In short the use of tobacco in any form is harmful for health. it has little effect on the smoker. It pained her. bells and flowers. Their fair map is of a beautiful world full of domes. (d) Aunt Jennifer is making her tigers in the panels. (b) The innocent rural people will be befooled. (d) The ‘greedy good-doers’ and ‘beneficent beasts of prey’ will use their old tricks to destroy their peace and sleep. (b) The title of the poem is quite appropriate and logical. heart and circulatory system. He added that the little boy would get to his school in plenty of time. Our mighty dead forefathers earned name and fame with their noble deeds. They change the boundaries of various nations and shape the ‘map’. SECTION–C (TEXTBOOKS) 7(a). (a) The conquerors and dictators can change the map of the world according to their whims and will.are addicted to smoking. (c) The young trees growing outside went past as if they were sprinting. it will help in reflecting over the fate of man and help in creating a feeling of mutual understanding among human beings. Although every packet of cigarettes contains the statutory warning that smoking is injurious to health. Her fingers are fluttering through the wool. Moreover. mod girls copy their peers and indulge in smoking. (a) Wachter was a blacksmith. It reduces stamina and life-span but increases blood pressure and incidence of heart attack. Their activities have caused untold troubles and sufferings. Keeping quiet will do them a lot of good. The cunning and greedy people will force them to part with their money. domestic or farm labourers—resort to smoking to snatch some moments of peace and rest from their back breaking routine. (c) The dooms-day is considered the day of judgement. relax and rest. Wachter had read the latest bulletin about teaching of German. (b). He was reading the latest bulletin. So he ran to the school and reached there breathless. (d) (i) sprinting (ii) spilling. (c) They will pretend to teach the rural people how to sleep. In India too. She is using ivory needles. 8. First Option (a) (i) Greedy people pretending to be doing good things. when the dead will receive what is due to them. It is hoped that they will be rewarded with rare magnificence and grandeur. Franz thought that the blacksmith was making a fun of him. rivers. Second Option (a) Her mother was lost somewhere else in thoughts. The weight of unhappy and unfortunate experiences of her married life sits heavily on her hands. (b) The poet withdrew her thoughts from her mother and looked outside. She finds it difficult (hard) to pull even the ivory needles. (ii) People who are cruel like the flesh-eating wild animals pretending to be generous. The people of the world are overactive and always on the move. Smoking affects our nervous system. It clogs the arteries and causes respiratory problems like asthma and bronchitis. capes and stars. The reason is obvious. Happy children were coming out of their houses. He asked Franz not to go so fast to his school. The poor labourers—industrial. It will save them from many harmful and violent activities. It suggests the necessity of quiet introspection. Actually they will make them work but they themselves will sleep all day. where a peasant was ill-treated. It still is. When he reached home. It provides them their daily bread and a roof over the heads. The judge announced that he would pronounce the sentence after a twohour recess. Seemapuri was then a wilderness. The woodwork. After the recess. He read out a statement pleading guilty. for the first time in India. Rag picking is the sole means of their survival. Most of the barefoot ragpickers roam the streets early in the morning and finish their activities by noon. The judge released him without bail. Meanwhile he allowed Gandhi to remain at liberty. but she didn’t expect to sell more than 3000 copies there. Gandhi refused.000 copies only. Thousands of peasants demonstrated voluntarily outside the court. (c) The owner of that mill was a very prominent ironmaster. Saheb's family is one of them. He used his mind even in the crisis and thought of a strategy to save himself from being drowned. He came to the forge on one of his nightly rounds of inspection. but it is no longer empty. Nearly 10. with roofs of tin and tarpaulin. He was on his way to a neighbouring village. Garbage to them is gold. The women put on tattered saris. They left their fields as they gave them no grain. These shanties are devoid of sewage. emotionally as well as mentally. His greatest ambition was to ship out good iron to the market. he was served with an official notice to quit Champaran at once. They seem to carry the plastic bag lightly over their shoulders. Second Option Seemapuri is a place on the periphery of Delhi. Several days later Gandhi received a letter.(b) Douglas was frightened when he went down into the pool and was about to be drowned. He had remarkable selfcontrol. It has acquired the proportions of a fine art for them. He asked Gandhi to furnish bail for that period. The prosecutor requested the judge to postpone the trial. 10. But in the end it sold two or three million in the U. P R A C T I C E P A P E R S 123 . Gandhi wrote on the receipt that he would disobey the order. For them food is more important for survival than an identity.000 ragpickers live there in structures of mud. Gandhi protested against the delay. They have got ration cards that enable them to buy grains and get their names on voters’ lists. drainage or running water. ignominy and neglect. 9. The case against him had been dropped. the Capital of Champaran. Next morning the town of Motihari was black with peasants. On the way. the judge said that he would not deliver the judgment for several days. First Option Gandhi had reached Motihari. (d) The author says that a frustrated person always directs his anger towards a single person openly or covertly. to study the problems of the sharecropper peasants. So Gandhi received a summons to appear in court the next day. These people have lived there for more than thirty years without an identity or permit. First Option Jack feels that he has been caught in an ugly middle position physically. He had an aversion to water and now he was filled with terror. He insisted on quality and kept a watch on the work both night and day. He asked the penalty.S. Thus civil disobedience had triumphed. a cage of mouldings and rails and skirting boards all around them was half old tan and half new ivory. They are clothed in discoloured shirts and shorts and denied the opportunity of schooling. He does so to explain the conduct of the ‘boy’ in make-up department towards Subbu as the former held the latter responsible for all his woes. he was stopped by the police superintendent’s messenger and ordered to return to town. So Eco was given an advance for 3. They pitch their tents wherever they find food. (e) Eco’s American publisher told him that she loved her book. yet miles away from it metaphorically. Squatters who came from Bangladesh way back in 1971 live here. they get tired of it. In the end. His efforts to make Jo fall asleep proved quite fatiguing. (b) Sadao went on with his swift concise movements. (d) These included the performing monkey. the spinning wheels. Jack and Clare. The room here was smaller than the one on the second level. asking for clarifications. He liked them to be apprehensive. He did not seem to hear her. Clare complained that he had told a long story. She also noticed the pongal offerings being cooked in front of the temple. Jack felt utter weariness and did not want to speak with his wife or work with her or touch her. The most fantastic aspect of his demise was that as soon as he was born. A man pulled out a gold watch from his vest pocket. the snakecharmer’s snake. Jo wanted him to change the ending of the story. She kept on interrupting him. The lights were dim and flickering. He wore a derby hat and a black four-button suit with tiny lapels. Little Bobby was already asleep. So he extended the story. The result of the extension to the story proved unfruitful and unpleasant for Jo. Everyone in the station was dressed like eighteen-ninety-something. The man in the information booth wore a green eyeshade and long black sleeve protectors. He snapped open the cover and glanced at his watch. the Maariyaata temple and the huge bell hanging there. She wondered for a moment if it mattered to him what the body was upon which he worked so long as it was for the work which he did so excellently. So people don’t have to notice and stare at. astrologers had foretold that one day the Tiger King would actually have to die. 11. Moreover. She was used to his absorption when he was at work. A woman wore a dress with leg-of-mutton sleeves and skirts to the top of her high-buttoned shoes. Jack did not like that women should take anything for granted. There were people with strange beards. (a) The manner of the death of the Tiger King is of extraordinary interest. These were openflame gaslights. Moreover. He was really caught in an ugly middle position. Some don’t. 124 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . the information booth in the centre was wooden and old-looking. There were brass spittoons on the floor. Second Option Charley noticed some obvious differences in objects and persons that distinguished the third level from the second level. (c) Derry thinks that the old man can put on trousers and cover up his tin leg. pointing errors and suggesting alternatives. the cyclist who had kept on biking for three days. though he was in a haste to go down stairs and help his pregnant wife in her hard work of painting the woodwork. there are plenty of things to stare at. handlebar moustache. sideburns and fancy moustaches. Mr Lamb replies that some people do notice and stare at his disability. He had a big black. There were fewer ticket windows and train gates.He was conscious of his duties as a father and as a husband. Then no one sees it. as they do at his face. (e) It can be overcome by identifying the offending antigen and then by removing it completely.2 Summary: Facing an interview is essential because our future prospects depend on its success. (c) It is caused by the lack of oxygen there. Disagreement should not be visible on face. Questions are put to the interviewee to probe his knowledge and assess personality.1 (a) An air pollutant is a substance which is present in air although normally it is not or it is present in an amount exceeding the normal concentrations. (iii) convey your pt. 1. What is an Interview? (a) discussion – interviewer – candidate (b) questions (i) probe knowledge (ii) assess personality (c) formal means of interaction 3. (d) It is a set of symptoms which indicate diseases caused by indoor pollutants. Casuals should be avoided. Hence knowledge is most important component of success. 2. sitting. Sick building syndrome is increasing due to overfurnished small houses. placing briefcase & talking. for gain’g know. (c) Dress – elegant but simple – no casuals. 1.3 (a) syndrome (b) incidence (c) radon. of view (iv) disagreement not to be visible on face (v) create imn of being a ldr. 2. One must put on elegant but simple dress. speech and point of view is an asset. Avoid ambiguity/verbosity. component of success (i) range – beyond special’n (ii) depth – awareness of various aspects (b) Read’g and listen’g imp. 2. P R A C T I C E P A P E R S 125 . Leave impression of your leadership qualities. One’s deportment is an index of one’s personality. (e) Good expn (i) clarity of mind – balanced thinkg (ii) clarity of speech: use right words. The indoor concentration of pollutants exceeds those of outdoors.1 TITLE: FACING AN INTERVIEW Notes: 1. An interview is a formal interaction between an interviewer (or group of interviewers) and a candidate. Tips for facing interview (a) know’ge – imp. (d) conducting oneself properly (i) way of mov’g.SOLUTIONS TO PRACTICE PAPER–4 SECTION–A (READING SKILLS) 1. Good expression conveying clarity of mind. (b) The air pollutants may be present either in gaseous form or as a particulate matter.2 environmental tobacco smoke exposure causes several medical problems. Importance of Interview (a) prospects depend on interview. 200X at 5 p. Fresh saplings of shady trees were planted in the school campus as well as the road leading to the school. 200X —Nishi: TOI Reporter The Chairman NCERT called a press conference today to enlighten the teaching fraternity. I will certainly make it a point to participate in the seminar and acquaint others with my views and be benefitted by the ideas of other honourable members. In the modern world of stress and strain caused by competition at every stage. First Option FROM MARKS TO GRADES New Delhi: 15 Feb. students have to exert their capacities to the maximum to increase their marks tally by 0. students and public at large about the proposed changes in evaluation from marks to grades. The Principal announced special prizes for the tree lovers whose trees exhibited proper growth. 5. Our school took up the project of tree plantation by observing tree plantation week from 1 August to 7 August.5 per cent. plantation of new trees as well as preservation of the old ones is essential. Second Option Puneet Verma 32. One of the points that goes in favour of switch over to the grading system is the flexibility of approach. 4. 200X The Secretary Leo Club South West Delhi Vasant Vihar Dear Sir It is a matter of pleasure for all of us that the Leo Club is organising a seminar on ‘Elimination of Child Labour’ at the Community Centre on 15 May. Thus the project would continue throughout the year. To seek willing co-operation and involvement of students one tree was assigned to a group of four. The NCERT has come out with a project paper to elicit the views of educationists. First Option: Attempt yourself. who would look after it till it grew to a proper height.m. First Option Ajay Gupta 23D-Vasant Vihar New Delhi 5 May. Yours sincerely Ajay Gupta Second Option: Attempt yourself. The grading system will unburden them from this tension and inculcate in them the spirit of inquiry and quest for depeer learning. I thank you for the invitation extended to me. In order to make Delhi greener and cleaner. Gautam Nagar Delhi 126 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . Second Option TREE PLANTATION DAY Trees are man’s best friends as they help to keep the human environment free from pollution by absorbing toxic carbon dioxide and releasing health giving oxygen. The outgoing members would be replaced by fresh ones.SECTION–B (ADVANCED WRITING SKILLS) 3. administrators and all those involved with the cause of education. Our Delhi has become highly populated and polluted. Consequently city dwellers have become victims of incurable chest related diseases. The noise of machines in factories. Besides these shortcomings the paper used is rough and of low quality. Urbanisation. 200X The Incharge Textbook Section NCERT New Delhi Sir Sub: Complaint about poor quality of textbooks. Thus the pricequality equation is self-defeating. First Option HAZARDS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (by Pravin Chopra) Environmental pollution is the most dangerous health hazard for the modern generation. noise and food. loudspeakers etc. vegetables and fruit has also been polluted by the excessive use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers. Thanking you Yours faithfully Puneet Verma 6. The software training industry has come of age and private institutes have certainly carved a niche for themselves. I was shocked beyond belief when I discovered no practice exercises or do yourself assignment after so many chapters. transport. water. A planned approach to arming the skills will lead to a plethora of job opportunities for the aspiring computer professionals. The textbooks in English have many printing errors. yet the quality speaks otherwise. vehicles. industralisation and rapid transport have resulted in pollution. It is P R A C T I C E P A P E R S 127 . it has become essential for the computer professionals to acquire a combination of skills. Our environment is being polluted by different means through air. in Maths some chapters are quite detailed while others present only a rough sketch. Although the books carry a galaxy of names of the highly qualified and experienced authors. With the convergence of computing and television technologies and with a leap towards graphical user interfaces and visual computing. This type of paper keeps the printed price cheap but the book is not durable. Even the water has become so polluted that fish do not find their survival there. Certain species face extermination and humanity is under a great threat. The soil pollution is contaminating the rivers along with the rainfall. The smoke spewed by trucks. For example. Our soil which produces grain. medicine and agriculture.16 March. The books on Economics lack complete and up to date data. Please permit me to draw your attention to certain facts about the quality of textbooks provided by you for class XII. has brought deafness to millions. creating a need for newer skills. The tall chimneys of factories emit out smoke and pollute the air. Progress in science and technology has resulted in advancement in the fields of industry. For example. I do hope that you will pay proper attention to these suggestions and improve the quality of textbooks in subsequent editions. Inhaling fresh pure air has become a thing of the past. Population explosion has increased the population of cities. Sometimes we are forced to buy another copy after three months. The books also suffer from lack of balance in learning objectives. buses and other vehicles spreads poisonous gases as well as suspended particulate matter. Second Option FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR IT PROFESSIONALS (by Rohit) The IT industry has seen many changes over the years. the chapter on population does not detail the true picture about population growth and the means undertaken to decrease it. capes and stars of words. For example: “A narrow street sealed in with a lead sky Far far from rivers. a measure equal to quarter of a gallon. E-commerce is opening up opportunities in a whole range of areas from interactive web site design to Group Ware applications. First Option (a) The poet was driving from her parent’s home to the Cochin airport. Hospitality and Airlines run out of customer support functions. He roams the streets barefoot with other rag-pickers. (a) Stephen Spender uses contrasting images in the poem to picturise the condition of the slum children. But there will be continuous need for professionals who have good programming skills and an ability to develop applications and for those capable of integrating the larger applications of the enterprise. (c) Her mother’s face looked pale. designers and animators. Besides the traditional career options there are a large number of non-traditional career options available to todays IT aspirants.” The first line presents the dark. Their effect is still visible. This army of barefoot boys appears in the morning and disappears at noon. to Internet security and payment systems implementation. He wants to count upto twelve. (b) Only the earth remains alive when everything seems dead. Web designing is opening up career opportunities for artists. Their noble works dazzle our eyes. (b) The mighty dead were very powerful and dominating persons during their own times. faded and lifeless like a dead body. the poet refers to Aunt Jennifer’s ‘terrified hands’. 8. So she is still ringed with those ordeals that dominated her life. (a) His full name is “Saheb-e-Alam”. prosperity. (d) (i) doze (ii) corpse (iii) realised. These ordeals crushed and suppressed her. (c) The roadside stand offered some of the ordinary things of daily use for sale. These included wild berries. narrow.expected that basic computer awareness will be made available to students at school level in the 21st century. (d) He asks us to keep quiet while he is counting upto twelve. She had passed through many testing and horrible times during her married life. Hence ‘grandeur’ is associated with the ‘mighty dead’. They were sold in wooden quarts. Second Option (a) The earth can teach us a lesson how to live on it. graphics. well-being and openness. he took the help of an instructor to learn swimming. (d) In the third stanza. Crook-necked gourds with silvery hard lumps were also offered for sale there. The service delivery industries like Insurance. cramped holes and lanes closed in by the bluish grey sky. SECTION–C (TEXTBOOKS) 7(a). You must have good communication skills to cash in on the huge demand for IT professionals. The old unhappy memories are still fresh in her mind. Her mother was sitting beside her. (c) The poet is Pablo Neruda. His training went on from October to April. The second line presents a world of beauty. We imagine that such mighty dead forefathers will attain more grandeur on the doomsday. If he knew it. This area of IT enabled services is expected to employ millions all over the world. he would hardly believe it. (b) When Douglas grew up. It means the lord of the universe. He does not know it. (e) (i) seems (ii) dead (iii) quiet (b). Their achievements made them ‘mighty’ and great. progress. For three months he was taken across the pool 128 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . (b) She noticed that her mother was dozing with her mouth open. If this is not due to fear. The infant said that all those who are born will have to die one day. However. Franz did not know anything about participles. exclaimed Jansie. Hamel spoke very kindly to him and asked him to go to his place quickly. astrologers predicted that one day the Tiger King would certainly have to die. terror filled him and his legs froze. The Prussian soldiers were drilling in the open fields. He continued swimming from April to July. At that very moment a great miracle took place. Still all terror had not left. Franz was scared that day because M. disclosure of her name and purpose of visit failed to calm him. From his fear. Even her kind looks. So he had no option but to open the door and go in before everybody. there would be some sense in it if they could tell him the manner of that death. “Jesus. Then he asked him to swim. her first reaction was of disbelief. Second Option For the poor of India means of survival are far more important than freedom or legal justice. what is the reason behind it? 10. The birds were chirping at the edge of the woods.” 9. He blushed and was frightened of the teacher. The poor. Cases of small farmers committing suicide are quite common. He would rather take the day off and waste time in searching birds’ eggs or going sliding on the Saar. Franz jumped over the bench and sat down at his desk. Then he overcame his fear of water. M. It was the influence of the star under which he was born. So he did not need their predictions to know that. he jumped up abruptly and seemed to be quite frightened. landless workers have to still work hard to make both ends meet.with the help of a rope.The foreign rulers have been replaced by corrupt politicians and self-serving bureaucracy. Peasants and tenant-farmers have to borrow money from rich moneylenders on exorbitant rates of interest. An astonishing phrase emerged from the lips of the tenday-old Jilani Jung Jung Bahadur. “You never did”. The sets and studio lights needed the girls and boys to be made to look ugly in order to look presentable in the movie. He swam two miles across Lake Wentworth and the whole length to the shore and back of Warm Lake. (e) Jansie was a classmate and friend of Sophie. First Option As soon as the prince was born. Jansie softened a little and said. He found that the day was warm and bright. Power-brokers and moneylenders have a field day. Hamel had said that he would question them on participles. She was also aware of Sophie’s habit of dreaming. The instructor taught him to exhale under water and inhale through raised nose. But when Sophie told her about her request for autograph. As he went under. First Option Franz was not good at learning. Franz found the school room unusually quiet. On learning of her meeting with Danny Casey. she thought that either he had stolen something or he had escaped from jail. There was a crowd in front of the bulletin-board near the town-hall. Then he makes a humorous remark. The situation has improved in cities and towns for the poor but the poor in the remote villages still fear the big farmers and moneylenders. which usually they fail to repay due to failure of monsoon or bad crops. He made him kick his legs to make them relax. (c) As Edla lifted the peddler’s hat. She knew Sophie quite well. (d) Asokamitran explains that those were the days of mainly indoor shooting. “O wise prophets!” Everyone stood motionless with astonishment and stupidity. I wish I’d have been there. She lived in the same neighbourhood. The police and revenue officials are still objects of terror for them. P R A C T I C E P A P E R S 129 . I don’t think the poor of India are free from fear after Independence. uninhabited and at the bottom of the world. nail-file and razor had been removed from the cell of Evans. was in constant touch with the Governor on phone. (a) When the psychiatrist said that Charley was unhappy and wanted to escape. It was quite incredible. Charley’s wife.The astrologers were baffled that a baby barely ten-day-old has not only opened his lips in speech but had also raised intelligent questions. (d) It was her first day at school. Reverend S. Prison officer Mr Stephens watched his activities every minute through the peep-hole. It has created a cold current around the poles. His solitary cell was located in D-Wing. Mr Jackson. The psychiatrist explained that the modern world was full of insecurity. They don’t want the boy to mind and get upset. All potential weapons such as knife. war. He had escaped from prison three times. Evans’s cell was kept under strict observation. which had two heavy gates—outer and inner. all precautions had been taken to see that Evans did not get a means to escape. Even the paper-knife was taken away. Therefore. They don’t ask him about his physical impairment. McLeery were also thoroughly searched. The Drake Passage has been opened up. Louisa was shocked. fear. The remark made her ‘kind of mad’. He regarded Charley’s stamp-collecting as a ‘temporary refuge from reality’. This is an extremely surprising experience—one that is very difficult to imagine or understand. as her blanket had been removed from her shoulders. the incharge of D-Wing. (b) Over the years India has been pushing northwards. So she felt like sinking to the floor. Evans was not allowed to have any visitor or letters. worry etc. Second Option James Roderick Evans was a smart fellow. It has been jamming against Asia to bend its hard outward layer and form the Himalayas. During his stay in prison. But she felt that she was immodestly dressed. 11. (c) Derry says that people always change the subject. scissors. death comes from the Tiger. Now he was taking O-Level German Examination in prison. This cold current keeps Antarctica very cold. The chief astrologer fixed his eyes upon the little prince. South America has drifted off to join North America. He said that the prince was born in the hour of the Bull. 130 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . She was marching into the dining room with other girls in a line. He was known as ‘Evans the Break’ among the prison officers. Charley’s friends agreed to the psychiatrist’s observation but Charley didn’t. He thinks that the old man has changed the subject because he is afraid to ask him about his burnt face. The Governor himself listened in to the conversation in the cell. Both were locked securely. The contents of the suitcase of the invigilator. She walked noiselessly in her soft moccasins. The Bull and the Tiger are enemies. In short. They simply pretend that it is not true and isn’t there. Though the scores of healthy children in intelligence tests remained unaffected those of previously malnourished ones improved after intake of breakfast. energy. energy deficit. skill and technique have become associated with success as there is a shift to personality ethic. College students showed little or no effect on pre-lunch performance in mental activities. personality and character.1 (a) Character is constituted of the principles and values that give life direction. 5. meaning and depth. Thus breakfast consumption which is important for all age group is specially beneficial for the undernourished. for undernourished 2. Secondly. P R A C T I C E P A P E R S 131 . (b) These traits are: integrity. committing to change and staying with it.2 Summary: Eating breakfast benefits the memory by providing essential nutrients and energy whereas skipping breakfast affects cognition and mental performance adversely. 2.2 (a) latitude (b) vulnerable (c) subvert. 1. (e) (i) by looking within—inside out approach: tackling a hard choice. they provide the opportunity to nurture character. 2. It is made up of our inner sense of right and wrong. cognitive function. Breakfast and College Students Little or no effect on prelunch perf.SOLUTIONS TO PRACTICE PAPER–5 SECTION–A (READING SKILLS) 1. fairness and generosity. provides essenl nutrients and energy. courage.1 TITLE: IMPORTANCE OF BREAKFAST Notes: 1. Effects of Breakfast (a) Eating—benefits memory. Our families provide a critical measure of our character. (b) Intelligence tests (i) healthy childn—scores unaffected (ii) previously malnourished—score imp’d (iii) high energy breakfast—more original ideation 4. mem. (d) In the past character was considered essential for experiencing true success and happiness. (c) Happiness and fulfilment result from success which is achieved by skill. In the last 80 years or so charm. for all age groups (b) bene’l. (b) Skipping—affects cognitn. Higher level of blood glucose improves speed of recall. Breakfast is essential for children as they are vulnerable to dietary impoverishment. sharpened 3. (ii) by developing trust—being loyal to those who are not present. to dietry impovt. (f) True character begins at home because we are constantly tested there and are most vulnerable there. Breakfast and School Children (a) Vul. talent. honesty. Breakfast Consumption (a) impt. retention and sharpens declarative memory. nutrient not made up. Brain & Glucose (a) Imp’t in speed of recall (b) impro’d cognitive function (c) better retentn (d) decla. honest and hardworking hands. Millions of them became homeless refugees without any means of sustenance. Our esteemed Principal Mr Brij Mohan Ghose was retiring after rendering 35 years’ meritorious service to the field of education in general and to this institution in particular. Encomiums and felicitations poured in from all quarters. First Option FUND RAISING ACTIVITIES Last November the coastal areas of Orissa were hit by a severe cyclone. All the students took an active part in selling tickets. New Market. All out efforts were made to despatch relief to the unfortunate victims of cyclone. Jaipur between 11. Attractive honorarium to efficient. an inter-school drama competition as well as a poetry recitation contest in which prominent poets participated. who was an alumnus of the school. Jaipur. 4. Our principal sent a bank draft of this amount to the Orissa Cyclone Relief Fund. our philosopher president dedicated his birthday to teachers.00 a. Manoj Sinha Sports Captain Second Option SITUATION VACANT Wanted immediately an experienced photostat operator on part-time basis for a leading photostat booth in the New Market.m. the 16th September 200X at 4 p. Second Option TEACHER’S DAY Teacher’s Day now occupies a prominent place in the school calendar. on our school grounds. diligence. Aditi Photostat. 278. enthusiasm and inspiring leadership exhibited by Mr Ghose in the all round development of the students and making the school a premier education institution. The students too made speeches highlighting the contribution of teachers in moulding and uplifting social values.00 p. Ever since Dr S. Radhakrishnan. this day has been celebrated every September in almost all the schools throughout the country. and 5. We organised a musical evening. DEHRADUN SPORTS NOTICE 10 Sept.m. recalled the spirit of dedication. All are requested to come and encourage the morale of our players. Almost everyone agreed that teachers deserved more recognition. 200X All the students of our school are hereby informed that our football team will play its zonal final match in the inter-school competitions with St Francis School. He appreciated our noble gesture and congratulated us on our success. The government declared it a national calamity. This year the Teacher’s Day in our school was celebrated with great fanfare. a dance competition.SECTION–B (ADVANCED WRITING SKILLS) 3. First Option APEX PUBLIC SCHOOL. Please contact Akshay/Aditi. The Three Arts Club of our school organised various cultural activities to raise funds for helping the cyclone affected persons.m. facilities and social prestige to enable them to perform their arduous task of nation building properly. Lucknow on Saturday. We were able to raise about one lakh fifty thousand rupees. Thousands of persons lost their lives. The Chairman of the managing committee. 132 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . The citizens responded generously to our appeal. Yours truly Parul P R A C T I C E P A P E R S 133 . Kindly arrange to book suitable accommodation for our group in a lodge or youth hostel having proper boarding and lodging facilities. Kindly book our seats for that too. bacteria and other germs. feel that sufficient number of officers are not posted early in the morning to check this menace. In order to keep their houses neat and clean. I have written to the concerned authorities earlier also. We also plan to visit the beaches and watch the Christmas Eve and New Year Celebrations at important Hotels. First Option Rajan 687. Stray cattle poke into these polythene bags and scatter the filthy contents all around. The Delhi Government has enacted laws to impose fine or sentence the offender to prison if caught in the nefarious act of discarding litter bags. to be provided by you. Thus our colony virtually becomes a storehouse of garbage emitting foul smell and breeding flies. however. Lajpat Nagar New Delhi 25 May. I am enclosing herewith a demand draft of Rs ten thousand as advance to meet the initial expense. 200X The Editor The Times of India Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg New Delhi Dear Sir Sub: Nuisance of Polythene litter bags Through the esteemed columns of your newspaper I wish to draw the attention of the government authorities to the nuisance caused by numerous polythene litter bags lying alongside the road early in the morning. It is not only an obnoxious sight but also a menace and health hazard.e. I sincerely hope that my appeal and your critical comments will arouse the indolent officers from their slumber and make them responsive to the call of duty. there and everywhere. we shall need the services of a guide for a conducted tour in a minibus. I. from Dec 20 to 2 January. Thanking you Yours faithfully Rajan Second Option Parul B-22.5. but no action has been taken so far. Since it will be a pleasure trip. Please acknowledge the receipt of the letter and confirm the bookings. 200X The Manager Global Travel Agency Goa Sir Sub: Booking of Accommodation A party of twenty students of Delhi Public School plans to visit Goa during the winter break i. people resort to throw litter here. Sunder Nagar New Delhi 19 Nov. Thus they endanger the environment by causing pollution. wisdom and maturity while discussing any topic. Under the prevalent circumstances this system of adult franchise has become outmoded. we must create in them social awareness. population control and employment generation can then be discussed. Second Option (a) They are jumping across a screen or a wall.6. We have to make them literates by inculcating in them love for reading. Though every party and individual swore by Gandhian principles of non-violence and co-existence. corrupt practices and malfunctioning have cropped up which have vitiated the whole democratic process and the elections have turned to a farce and sometimes a bane for the society. who unfortunately constitute the majority of the electorate. Health awareness and job related problems are next in order. however. They don’t fear the men under the tree. SECTION–C (TEXTBOOKS) 7(a). (c) They live like rats in their cramped little holes. threats. Urgent reforms in qualifications of voters as well as candidates are needed. Second Option EACH ONE. Proper monitoring of election expenses and strict supervision will exercise a healthy check on many electoral malpractices. First Option NEED OF ELECTORAL REFORMS Elections are essential for a democracy as they provide the electorate the means to exercise their choice to elect their representatives. Issues like environmental pollution. It is only after sufficient bridge has been built that we would like to create an awareness about civil rights. Since most of the learners are adults who have a rich experience of life. one could get enough display of coaxing. coercion. Any violation of them should incur stringent penalties including debarring the candidate from contesting elections. They look like shining yellow topaz. the whole system is vitiated as it stifles the exercise of free will. cajoling. They are fearless. pressures and pulls to grab the ‘votes’ of the vulnerable sections of the society. privileges and obligations. some glaring shortcomings. (b) All beautiful things like ships. Persons of criminal background should be debarred from contesting elections. (b) They live in green forests. We would work together for an India where each person is literate. writing and arithmetic. Fog and darkness dominate their lives. the learning strategies that will be adopted in our programmes will be exploratory and interactive. When they become confident of their powers. We should encourage them to talk and express their views in a fair and frank manner. We must keep in mind their experience. TEACH ONE Dear friends We have all assembled here for a noble cause—a mission to eradicate illiteracy. It is the dream of the National Literacy Mission to educate all the Indians. When the voters are threatened to vote for a particular person/party under duress or gratification. sun and love tempt these children of slum school because they don’t have them. The map is a bad example because it does not depict their own world of narrow lanes and hovels. Of late. In short I’ll make sincere efforts to achieve these goals. 134 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . So Shakespeare is not good or noble to them. The election commission should satisfy itself that the rules laid by it are scrupulously adhered to. I was shocked to see the blatant misuse of money and musclemen during the recent election to local bodies in our district. We have to teach as well as learn. duties. We should always keep in mind the learning objectives set for the adult illiterates. First Option (a) Shakespeare and his works are of no use to the children in slum schools. Let them do simple calculations and exult at the right calculations. (d) (i) denizens (ii) chivalric. Spirals of bangles of various colours can be seen lying in mounds in yards or piled on four wheeled push carts. (b) Douglas mentions him for his misadventure in the Y. Under an ancient arrangement. purple–in fact. It is lovelier than all the lovely tales that we have heard and read. He presents his impression of India. (d) The people who are running the roadside stand are always waiting for the city folk to stop there to buy something. (d) Champaran district of Bihar is situated in the foothills of the Himalayas. (e) V. The elderly woman. He uses the swing there. Naipaul is a celebrated cosmopolitan writer. She provides an image of passivity.A. (c) All beautiful things of nature are a boon for humanity. Every- P R A C T I C E P A P E R S 135 .(c) They run with a well-groomed. He says that some people are wounded by interviews and lose a part of themselves.S. “I was only fooling. 8. The magnificence and beauty of objects of nature surpasses the grandeur of dooms that we have imagined for our mighty dead forefathers. Their work at hot furnaces makes them blind prematurely. when Douglas was rescued.C. He addresses the fishermen and asks them not to harm whales living in the cold seas of the polar regions. happiness and activity. paddy green. honourable confidence. pink. Mukesh's father has failed to renovate a house or send his two sons to school. (a) The author finds Saheb standing by the fenced gate of a neighbourhood club. This will mean flow of cash. Saheb says that he likes the game. the centre of India’s glass-blowing industry. So he got unusual joy to think ill of the world. (b) Pablo Neruda is against any kind of violence. He has written novels. First Option Firozabad. The banglemakers lead a miserable life. He goes inside when no one is around. These indicate the arrival of city folk and raise their hopes to sell something. 9. She was also extremely temperamental. royal blue. His pastime was to think of people he knew who had let themselves be caught in the dangerous snare of the world. The poet needs a distraction.who works with Savita. Her husband has made a house for the family to live in. is famous for its bangles. Later on. the boy said.M. Second Option Gemini Studios had an extremely talented actress. Once she blew over on the sets and gave vent to her feelings against the producer. They have spent generations in the clutches of midlemen and moneylenders. near the kingdom of Nepal. has not enjoyed even one full meal in her entire lifetime. These bangles have shining bright colours: sunny gold. Young boys are as tired as their fathers. Extreme poverty forces them to remain hungry and yet work all day. every colour born out of the seven colours of the rainbow. in them. She puts that thought away and looks outside. He is watching two young men. and of others who were still circling around the bait. She looks lifeless like a corpse. They have neither courage nor money to start another trade or job. (a) The lifeless and faded face of the poet’s mother pains her heart. travel books and documentary works. playing tennis. dressed in white. He is also against any kind of self-torturing. a change. (b). He asks this man to look after himself and take care of his injured hands.” (c) The world had never been kind to the peddler. There she gets a picture of life. The squealing of brakes and the sound of a stopping car are auspicious signs for them. the country of his ancestors. He has achieved what many have failed in their lifetime. The man who is gathering salt has hurt his hands. decay and death. They know no other work than bangle making. the Champaran peasants were sharecroppers. but he is content to watch it standing behind the fence. They had to grow indigo on 15 per cent of the land and give it to the English estate owners as rent. It was this boxer boy who had picked up Douglas and tossed him into the deep end. swimming pool in which he had nearly died. The old lady seems to be lost in her thoughts. When the man ceased his mutterings. remembering certain humiliations of his own childhood. issue. The prince grew taller and stronger day by day. She was so afraid that she could not do anything further. He did not need any refuge from reality. She found others standing. The result was that she never quite recovered from the terror she felt that day. Second Option There was a fixed procedure laid down for breakfast. (a) The infant had an uneventful childhood. It was because his father would never have received her unless she had been pure in her race. He waited to fall in love with her until he was sure she was Japanese. Each of the pupil drew a chair from under the table. Then they would run away. Her discomfiture was caused by her unfamiliarity with the procedure. She lacked wordly experience and sophistication that persons in position of importance generally acquire. But she was struck dumb on hearing her voice again through the sound equipment. Everyone picked up his knife and fork and began eating. she found it a difficult experience—a sort of trial. Just when she began to rise. First Option Charley showed total disagreement with what the psychiatrist and his other friends said about the tendency to escape from reality. The ringing of a large bell summoned the inmates to the dining room. There was nothing incriminating or unmentionably foul in the actress’ tirade against the producer. the second bell sounded and all sat down. The boy drank the milk of an English cow. She supposed this act meant they were to be seated. The lawyer quietly switched on the recording equipment. all of the other tiny animals would cry: “Uh– oh. Jack would relate all this with zest. However. (c) Whenever Roger Skunk went out to play. looking shyly. Boys and girls entered the dining room in lines from separate doors. first-day covers. She was a girl from the countryside and raw and immature at worldly affairs.S. Then a small bell was tapped. (d) Mr Lamb tells Derry that he is interested in anybody and anything. He tried to counter the argument by asserting that everybody wants to escape but they did not wander down into any third level at Grand Central Station. 136 E N G L I S H C O R E – XII . Professor Harley and his wife had been kind people. He saw nothing but English films.body was stunned. Hana was a new student. here comes Roger Stinky Skunk”. and so on. When the actress paused for breath. (b) Hana was Sadao’s wife. Things were pretty nice and peaceful in his days. Zitkala-Sa calls it ‘eating by formula’. Roger Skunk would stand there all alone. 10. He had met her by chance at an American professor’s house. Even stuff or rubbish is interesting. He was brought up by an English nanny and tutored in English by an Englishman. trees and herbs. Thus it is obvious that Charley remained totally unconvinced about the views of Sam and his other friends. He finds no essential difference between a ‘weed’ and another ‘flower’ as both represent life—developing or growing. Moreover. The stamp-collecting was started by his grandfather. He grew up just like other royal princes of Indian states during the British rule. 11. the lawyer played back the recording. Thus stamp collecting could not be termed a “temporary refuge from reality”. President Roosevelt too collected stamps. She began to cry. Then she heard a man’s voice at one end of the hall. She looked around to see him. She found the paleface woman watching her. a third bell was tapped. There’s nothing God made that does not interest him. This is how a brief and brilliant acting career had unwittingly been brought to a sad end by the legal adviser. But all the others hung their heads over their plates. The writer also did so. Two little round tears would fall from his eyes. grass and weeds all interest him. Fruit and flowers. So she slipped into the chair. This nice collection had blocks of four of practically every U. They held a party at their home for their few foreign students.