McCann-Ross-Practical Atlas of Tung´s Acupuncture_(1)

Henry McCann, Hans-Georg Ross© Ve rl ag © by naturmed Fachbuchvertrieb Aidenbachstr. 78, 81379 München Tel.: + 49 89 7499-156, Fax: +49 89 7499-157 Email: [email protected], Web: www.naturmed.de © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München Mü ller &S tei nic ke Mü Practical Atlas of Tung´s Acupuncture nc he n Henry McCann Hans-Georg Ross © Ve rl ag Verlag Müller & Steinicke München Mü ller © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München &S tei nic ke Mü Practical Atlas of Tung´s Acupuncture nc he n sind vorbehalten. Nsl.© 2012 Verlag Müller & Steinicke München ISBN 978-3-87569-211-2 Alle Rechte der Verarbeitung. Umschlagbild: Druck: EOS-Druck. 2007 © VG Bild-Kunst. Ottilien © Malerei von Linde Ross Kohle/Acryl a. auch die der fotomechanischen Wiedergabe oder Einspeisung und Rückgewinnung in Datenverarbeitungsanlagen. Bonn Ve rl ag Mü ller © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München &S tei nic ke Mü nc he n . 86941 St. 28 Points 88. 2. Ma Ji Points DT.3. Fu Ge San. Pian Jian. Gu Ci San Points 55.2.2. DT. 6.01 – 66.11.27 Points 22.2.1.2.15 Points 77.01 – 11.01 – 1010.01 – 44. 6.Inhalt Foreword Acknowledgement 1. Point Location. Gu Ci Er.01 – 88. Point Selection based on Correspondence in Tung’s Acupuncture 2. Lung Disease Patterns Heart and Chest Disease Patterns (Including Mind-Affect Disorders) © 5 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München . Theoretical Basis of Point Selection.3. Shi Shui. Introduction 1.06 Points 66. Pi Yi. 6.1. 3. Ding Ke. Conventions used in this book nc he n 9 10 11 13 2.4.14 &S tei nic Human Qi Circulation Reflects Nature Zone Characteristics in Tung’s Acupuncture Zone Functions Understood in Relation to the Five Transport Points ke 185 185 187 187 Ve rl ag 188 188 189 6.2.01 – 77. External Disease Patterns Disease Patterns of the Sensory Orifices 6.01 – 55.2. DT. and Point Indication in Tung’s Acupuncture 14 14 15 20 23 25 26 27 28 31 33 51 64 76 91 94 103 118 137 141 155 157 179 2.08 Points 1010. Tung’s Use of Regular Channel Points 6.16 Points 44.01 – 99.3. Identifying Points by Symptoms.2.25.1. Gu Guan. Therapeutic Index of Selected Established Point Combinations and Dao Ma Groups Definitions of frequently used Dao Ma point group names: 6. Mu Guan.1. Zeng Chang Er. San Cha 1-3 Points 33.01 – 33. Pi San Points 99.1. Hou Jian. Fan Hou Jue.1. Pi Er.2. Zhong Kui. Point Selection based on Zone in Tung’s Acupuncture 2.02.01 – 22.13.32.17.1. Qi Li.01. Syndromes and Diseases ller Points 11. 2. 2. Ears 187 Eyes 187 Nose Mü 4.3.2.1.2.1.2. 6. Image Correspondence Channel Correspondence Tissue Correspondence Mü 2. Gu Ci Yi. DT. Tung’s Points: Locations and Indications Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4 Zone 5 Zone 6 Zone 7 Zone 8 Zone 9 Zone 10 Zone DT 5. 2. Stomach and Intestine Disease Patterns (Including Diabetes) 191 193 194 196 196 196 197 198 199 200 201 201 201 202 203 203 203 204 204 205 205 207 210 . Miscellaneous Points by Chinese Medical Function 7.8.9. 6. 8.1.8.7.5. 6.4.8. ke Mü tei nic Menstrual Disorders Vaginal and Vulvar Disorders Disorders of the Uterus Disorders of the Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries Breast Disorders Disorders of Pregnancy and Fertility Other Women’s Disorders 6.3.4.11.8.7.9. Literature nc he n Spleen. Tung’s Needling Guidelines 8. Gynecology and Obstetrics Disease Patterns 6. Head Facial Region Shoulder Region Neck and Back Upper Extremities Lower Extremities Stroke (Zhong Feng 中風) 6.2.2. &S Index of Tung’s Points according to their Chinese Names (Pin Jin) ller Index of Tung’s Points according to Zones and Numbers with their Related Channels and TCMPoints 210 215 217 6 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München © Ve rl ag Mü 9.9. 6.5.6.4.8.10. 6. 6.1. 6.1. 6.9. 6.1.9. Cardiovascular Diseases and Disorders of the Chest Mind-Affect Disorders (Jing-Shen Bing) 189 191 Liver Disease Patterns (Including Hypertension) Kidney and Bladder Disease Patterns Disease Patterns of the Channels and Network Vessels (Including Pain Management and Stroke) 6.6.3. 6.4. 6.7.9.6. Point Indexes 8. 6. 6.9. 6.8.9. 6.2. 6.5. 6.6.8.8.2. 6. 6. the Huang Di Nei Jing. Master Tung was deeply touched by the movement and in order to preserve Tung’s acupuncture lineage for the benefit of future generations. and on July 1. Nan Jing. thanks to the openness of its last proponent. these family lineages have come and sometimes gone entirely if there were no heir to receive the information. with the help of his student Yuan Guo Ben. Unfortunately he lived during a very tumultuous time in Chinese history. Since Tung had no formal schooling having only studied with his father in an apprenticeship setting. unlike most acupuncture systems. sometimes the true depth of information was withheld. In 1968 Tung produced a set of notes about his points that were used by his students. Later in 1973. At the time he became so well known that he was frequently called to treat high level ROC cabinet members. In the early 1970s. Wenhua Da Geming) happening in the PRC. Tung learned acupuncture at the footstep of his father. Over the course of the rest of his life Master Tung trained 73 students who eventually went on to continue teaching Tung’s acupuncture. In the early 1960s. has survived and flourished in modern times to the benefit of countless suffering patients. Alongside and concurrent to these traditions. ‘Dong’ in Pinyin Romanization). The most commonly used points lie on the extremities and the head. Secret lineages of medicine that are not taught openly and possibly even allowed to die out due to the selfish motivation to retain knowledge or power in a select number of individuals stand in direct opposition to compassion. and eventually as a young man Tung joined the Kuo Min Tang (KMT. while on the mainland the People’s Republic of China (PRC) was founded. This original book eventually went out of print but many of his students and their students went on to write about the system. Zhonghua Wenhua Fuxing Yundong) to encourage preservation of traditional Chinese culture in direct response to the Cultural Revolution (文化大革命. this system of acupuncture was passed down only from father to eldest son. even when these secret family traditions were taught. especially since the greatest and most important texts of Chinese medicine (e. Master Tung retired from military service and opened a private acupuncture clinic. born in 1916 in Ping Du County. which was mostly comprised of locations and indications for his family’s unique set of extra points. Tung authored a book about his family system of acupuncture. although this cannot be verified historically in an academically rigorous sense. etc…) have always been transmitted openly and freely.. and then against the Maoists during the NationalistCommunist Civil War. Soon thereafter Tung was diagnosed with stomach cancer and passed away in 1975. and even though there are ample Ve rl According to the oral tradition of the Tung family (董. The last descendant of the Tung family to practice was Tung Ching Ch’ang (董景昌. Over the last two thousand years of Chinese history. Furthermore. Tung’s acupuncture is one previously secret ancient family lineage of medicine that. Shandong Province. they are arranged topographically by anatomical zonal concepts rather than by channel (see Table 1). The distribution of Tung’s points includes the entire body although. Introduction Throughout the history of Chinese medicine there have been several currents of Chinese medical practice. China also had family lineages that were more or less kept as trade secrets among small groups of people. Republic of China (ROC). Tung Ching Ch’ang and the History of Tung Acupuncture Points in Tung’s Acupuncture © The most prominent feature of Tung’s acupuncture is its extensive use of points not found in the dominant systems of Chinese medicine. Dong Jing Chang in Pinyin Romanization). he was eventually denied a license and forced out of practice. he decided to train students outside of his own family. 1962 he took Lin Ju Chu as his first student. Some were well seated in the Confucian scholar tradition associated with the transmission of canonical writings such as the Huang Di Nei Jing. Master Tung also left permanently for the island of Taiwan. In Chinese there is a phrase that “Medicine is the Art of Compassion” (醫為仁術 yi wei ren shu).g. Tung’s acupuncture dates back to the Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE).Introduction 1. Until it reached the 20th century in accordance with tradition. Affectionately known as ‘Master Tung’ by many of his students. As a Nationalist soldier. Guo Min Dang in Pinyin Romanization) army to fight first against the Japanese in the Second Sino-Japanese War at the dawn of World War II. and at one point he was sent as a cultural ambassador to Cambodia to treat the Cambodian Prime Minister Lon Nol (1913 – 1985) after he suffered a stroke. This very traditional aspect of Chinese culture can certainly be a negative and dark one in the realm of medicine. ag Mü ller &S tei nic ke Mü nc he n 11 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München . In 1949 the Maoists reigned victorious and the Nationalists (KMT) retreated to the island of Taiwan where they established the new seat of the ROC. Taiwan began the process of formal licensing for doctors of Chinese medicine. In 1966 ROC President Chiang Kai Shek established the Chinese Cultural Renaissance Movement (中華文化復 興運動. ” a reference to its location lateral to Zu San Li ST-36). Certainly. 23 of these points are included and are listed in brackets within their corresponding zones as found in Table 1. designated as “zones. Wei-Chieh Young. and in his own teaching. According to one of Tung’s direct disciples. or the specific indications of a point.” clearly functions as a microsystem. the five phases. The fingers. and teach the system.. 2008a. Dr. every time questions were raised to Tung. each zone of the body has points that affect the entire body.g. he would say.04 is located at Zhi Gou SJ-6. palmar surface of the hand.g. This chapter is translated in its entirety and included in this present book. and can therefore be understood in reference to Chinese medical theory. In addition to Tung’s extra points.Point Distribution in Tung’s Acupuncture 12 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München © In Tung’s original book there is no discussion of Chinese medical theory. This is also certainly why it is Ve rl ag Mü Chinese Medical Theory and Tung’s Acupuncture ller Note: there are also more than 160 additional points on the neck. The numbering convention created for non-Chinese speakers identifies the zone in which the point lies and the order in which the point was presented in Tung’s original 1973 text. nic 27 16 6 15 28 32 (4) 8 25 (2) 11 (8) ke 17 (10) Number of Points Mü nc he n points on the ventral and dorsal trunk. Tung rarely mentioned any theory to his students.05) is found in Zone 2. In this book. explain. Ling Gu (22. each point in Tung’s system is given a unique name in Chinese. Ce San Li 77. The names of the points can relate to the anatomical location of the point. the Zang Fu which the point influences. and plantar aspect of the foot have a much greater distribution of points than in conventional acupuncture. The title of Tung’s original 1973 text gives the first insight into this question. . This topic will be explored in much greater depth in the chapters that follow.” The term chosen to describe Tung’s points is notably 正經奇穴 Zheng Jing Qi Xue – “Primary Channel Extra Points. thus these points are not given a numerical designation and are only referred to by their Chinese name. For example. Additionally. Table 1 .22 translates as “next to San Li. Huo Chuan 33. In other words. This is certainly the reason why the original canon of point indications was broadened or changed over time and that in the course of this evolution even additional points were created by some of Tung’s students. and both the dorsal and ventral trunk. The original book in Chinese was called “Dong Shi Zhen Jiu Zheng Jing Qi Xue Xue. many points in Tung’s system overlap conventional acupuncture points with identical indications (e.Point Distribution in Tung’s Acupuncture Zone 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Location Fingers Forearm Upper Arm Palm and dorsal hand Plantar aspect of foot Dorsal aspect of foot Lower leg/Calf Thigh Ear tei &S Head Table 1 .Introduction One of the most obvious features of Tung’s acupuncture is that each of the regions of the body. there were many points that Tung commonly used which were omitted from his original book. As in conventional acupuncture. and is the fifth point in that zone. 269/270). It is clear that Tung’s points relate to the channels and conventional acupuncture points. they are mostly bled rather than needled.. Master Tung himself was aware of the conventional points in acupuncture evidenced by a chapter on his unique use of conventional points included in his original 1973 book. p. some of Tung’s points are named in relation to either conventional channels or acupuncture points (e. toes. “Observe for yourself. the five tissues. A Study of Tung’s Lineage Acupuncture and Moxibustion – Primary Channel Extra Points.” and is a clear reference to his points being located in relation to the channels of regular acupuncture. used in both Tung’s and conventional acupuncture to treat constipation). There is some controversy in the community of Tung’s Acupuncture practitioners about how much Chinese medical theory should be used to understand. then think about it” (Wei-Chieh Young. Likewise. good students were expected to take a small idea and then be able to expand it beyond the original teaching. “I do not open up the truth to one who is not eager to get knowledge. SP S. or Chiang Kai Shek).Introduction 1.I. Blood. In both instances the word is pronounced the same (with a “d” sound). which are written with alphabets. linguists have developed ways of Romanizing Chinese. example: Zang Liver If the same organ is mentioned in the Western medical context it is not capitalized. For organs or organ systems. while “Dong” is the Pinyin Romanization for the same word. From the earliest times Chinese has been written with a logographic system where a “character” represents a word or a part of a word. For people who cannot read Chinese characters. Examples include: Small Taiji.” In a way then.1. and he cannot from it learn the other three. Conventions used in this book LU ST HT BL PC GB DU Large Intestine Spleen Small Intestine Kidney San Jiao Liver Ren Mai L. capitalization has been used when the Chinese Zang or Fu is meant exclusively. Upper Jiao. The exceptions are for proper names that are readily known mostly in the Wade-Giles form (such as Master Tung. nor help out any one who is not anxious to learn. although in the former a “d” sound is written with a “t. . “Tung” is the Wade-Giles Romanization of the Chinese character 董.” Since Pinyin is the more accepted academic standard today. ller &S Romanization tei All classical Chinese terms and specific expressions have been capitalized. KID SJ LIV REN © Ve rl ag Mü Chinese is a language that is quite different from European languages such as English. the older of the two.I. Zang Fu. the Confucius says. the newer of the two. and Hanyu Pinyin (or Pinyin for short). we have to view Tung’s acupuncture as a living system to which we all can and should contribute. etc. in other words writing out the pronunciation of Chinese words with the Roman alphabet. For example. The two most common Romanization systems are Wade-Giles. In the Shu Er (Book 7 of the Analects of Confucius). Hand Tai Yang. When I have presented one corner of a subject to any one. throughout this book we adopt Pinyin spellings for most Chinese words. example: liver cirrhosis. In the classical Chinese tradition. nic Capitalization ke Lung Stomach Heart Bladder Pericardium Gallbladder Du Mai Mü 13 Abbreviations of Channel Names © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München nc he n appropriate to apply Chinese medical theory to Tung’s system even though Tung himself did not write about it. I do not repeat my lesson. Qi. and indication. knowing Yin and Yang is what is difficult. This is the simplest. as well as to those of the universe. all authentic lineages of medicine. Mü ller 2. its results are reproducible. Su Wen Chapter 74 (Zhi Zhen Yao Da Lun. including the use of acupuncture. They provide us with a reliable tool for point selection. one of the most important passages in all the Nei Jing. The Qing Dynasty Shang Han Lun master Zheng Qin An said. Great Treatise on the Essentials of the Most Reliable) says. When physicians fathom this. moxibustion. In Chinese. what is difficult is knowing the pattern presentation.” and then continues that they understood the workings of Yin and Yang. and yet difficult to understand and apply of all principles in medical practice. Point Selection based on Correspondence in Tung’s Acupuncture &S Chinese Medicine’s Guiding Principle All branches of Chinese medicine.” This. “Heaven and earth are the grand principle. they understand how to rectifying disharmonies which create disease. 2003) This is vitally important in the practice of medicine because humans are a miniature version of the natural world. Point Location. Within this model the human organism is viewed as a microcosm with structural and functional characteristics corresponding to those of its immediate environment and nature. He says that “people of high antiquity understood the Dao. and Point Indication in Tung’s Acupuncture . embody these very same principles. share common guiding principles first established in the Huang Di Nei Jing. this philosophy of unity is described as “Heaven. Man’s shen-spirit penetrates and reflects it. Thus. and medicinals. This in turn also helps to meet scientific criteria: acupuncture can be taught in a rational fashion.Theoretical Basis Image Correspondence – Channel Correspondence – Tissue Correspondence. Treatise on Heavenly Truth from High Antiquity) there is a basic discussion that sets the key for all subsequent discourses in the text and for all of Chinese medicine as a whole. At the beginning of this chapter Huang Di asks Qi Bo why contemporary people frequently suffer illnesses and live short lives while people in ancient times enjoyed health and vigor until the age of 100. Theoretical Basis of Point Selection. including the Tung family lineage of classical acupuncture. Furthermore. mirroring the positive and negative changes in that environment. But then. clearly explains that the guiding principle in medical practice is the understanding of the natural world and how humans interact within and in relation to that world. tei nic ke Mü nc he n 2. and can be communicated in a way which is universally understood by all qualified readers. knowing how to use medicines is not difficult. Translating these philosophical ideas into reliable practical treatment strategies to benefit our patients is at the core of classical Chinese medicine. Later physicians agree. analogous rules of correspondence can be observed within the human organism which apart from their philosophical implications.1. understanding change in natural world allows the physician to understand the human body in both health and disease. “in the practice of medicine.” (Zheng. have been of wide practical use in acupuncture therapy. 14 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München © Ve rl In Tung’s system three sets of correspondences are essential for point selection and treatment strategy: ag A unifying concept which encompasses what has been outlined in detail in the previous paragraph is that of Correspondence which can serve as an integrative model to help us understand human beings and their interaction with nature and the universe. The answer that Qi Bo gives begins to describe the main guiding principle in all of Chinese medicine. 2007) Yin and Yang are Chinese scientists’ way of describing “understandable natural laws” and a way of understanding “the workings of the entire universe. or “Heaven and Humanity Unite as One” (天人合一 tian ren he yi). Earth and Humanity in Harmony” (天地人和 tian di ren he).” (Unschuld. location. most profound. When Qi Bo says “Dao” he means the unifying principles of nature. and knew how to act in accord with the larger principles of the natural world. On a smaller scale. In the very first chapter of the Su Wen (Shang Gu Tian Zhen Lun. knowing the pattern presentation is not difficult. An alternative term sometimes used is “holographic correspondence. In the main body of this book which describes and analyses Master Tung’s points and their indications in detail we will try to explain each point’s indication and mode of action within the framework of correspondence. and even in adulthood cells can retain some of this potential.1. all information – of the whole body is also contained in its individual parts. Each component of the diagnosis is then ‘processed’ through its appropriate system of correspondence. Thus. The Image Correspondence identifies a therapeutically effective body area(s). Here a part of the body. appears at distant areas of the trunk or extremities during diseases of internal organs. The interpretation within Chinese coordinates would be that the sites where the pain is actually felt “correspond” to the diseased organ. In essence a sufficiently complete and reliable Chinese medical diagnosis focuses on three components. The three systems eventually converge to yield the therapeutic point(s). namely the diseased body area(s). The key symbol and term used to describe the Image Correspondence of body parts vis-à-vis each other is the Taiji. and the diseased tissue(s). In the following paragraphs we will explain the three systems of correspondence in some detail to make the reader familiar with the structure of Tung’s thinking.1. Another example is the surface of the sensory-motor cortex of the brain which looks like a distorted map of the whole body and governs important input-output relations of the limbs and trunk. one cell “corresponds” to a whole organism. “corresponds” to a whole system. All acupuncture points are distal points. namely that the diseased area itself is not needled. An important aspect of Tung’s system is implicit in this definition. Ve rl ag As can be inferred from the flow chart of our figure T-1 the Image Correspondence contains a set of rules that enables the therapist – once the diseased body region has been properly diagnosed – to identify one or more body regions suitable for needling. in contrast to radiating pain. T-1 Flow chart illustrating the use of the three correspondences to identify effective acupuncture points ke Mü 15 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München nc he n . Embryonic cells contain enough genetic information to develop into a whole organism. the Channel Correspondence identifies therapeutically effective channel(s). the diseased channel(s). Yet another well-documented.” Within the context of Tung’s acupuncture Taiji means that all properties – or in modern parlance. the cortex. Mü ller &S tei nic Fig.Theoretical Basis The flow chart in our figure T-1 provides a simplified overview of how effective acupuncture points can be identified using these three systems of correspondence. though poorly understood phenomenon is “referred pain” which. 2. in the extreme. Without embarking on a detailed analysis we wish to briefly mention three of them. and the Tissue Correspondence identifies the therapeutically effective tissue(s). This mutual interrelationship between corresponding parts provides the rationale for treating diseased structures by needling distal and analogous healthy areas. Image Correspondence © We note in passing that modern science has shown several aspects of this picture to partly correlate with contemporary findings. and of the head. T-2 Large Taiji (A): Correspondence of the extremities ller &S tei nic ke Mü Large Taiji (A) In the Large Taiji (A) diseased parts of extremities are projected onto corresponding areas of other extremities. Thus arm corresponds to arm. and leg corresponds to leg. In this orientation diseases of the hand / foot are treated through points on the healthy hand / foot of the other side. namely (A) when treating diseased extremities or (B) when treating diseased areas of the trunk (including the Three Jiao and Zang Fu located within these areas). This correspondence can be used in the ‘normal’ orientation with hands loosely hanging down by the sides and feet resting on the ground. is the reasons for their names: Large Taiji – Medium Taiji – Small Taiji . The term Large Taiji is used in two different contexts. as will become clear in the following paragraphs. nc he n The three Taiji of Tung’s acupuncture are of different scaling which. 16 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München © The simplest constellation is that a diseased extremity is projected onto its opposite counterpart. the shoulder is Ve rl ag Mü Fig. The left half of the upper panel in figure T-2 depicts this situation (Correspondence Arm – Arm and Correspondence Leg- Leg). The “geometric” rules for the Large Taiji correspondence of the extremities are depicted in our figure T-2.Theoretical Basis Large Taiji In the Large Taiji the parts corresponding with each other are of approximately the same size and proportion. the shoulder treats the contralateral hip. and the elbow to the contralateral knee (Inverted Correspondence Arm - Leg. As the lower panel of figure T-2 shows arm can treat leg. however. This makes the shoulder treat the contralateral hand and the hand treat the contralateral shoulder (Inverse Correspondence Arm – Arm). and of the head are projected onto corresponding areas of whole limbs. and the elbow treats the contralateral knee. and the elbow by the contralateral elbow. The same holds true for all areas in between the joints. while the top of the shoulder and the top of the hip correspond to the vertex (top of the head). © Ve rl ag Fig. The horizontal central reference line is the elbow – navel – knee plane. In the ‘normal’ orientation the hand treats the diseased contralateral foot. Similarly for the lower limb the foot treats the contralateral hip and the hip treats the contralateral hand (Inverse Correspondence Leg. and leg can treat arm (Correspondence Arm – Leg. left side of the lower panel). The correspondence of the extremities is. Inverting one of the limbs about the knee or elbow joint makes the hand correspond to the contralateral hip. The “geometric” rules for the Large Taiji correspondence of the trunk and the extremities are depicted in our figure T-3. the hands and feet correspond to the genital / tailbone area. Mü treated by the contralateral shoulder. right side of the lower panel). T-3 Large Taiji (B): Correspondence of the head / trunk and the extremities Mü ller &S tei nic ke Large Taij (B) In the Large Taiji (B) diseased parts of the trunk. The right half of the upper panel in figure T-2 depicts the Inverted Large Taiji where one of the extremities of a corresponding pair is ‘inverted’ about the knee / elbow joint as the axis. Contrary to normal anatomical proportions arms and legs are given the same length and the head and trunk are partly stretched or compressed to match the limbs. the hip to the contralateral hand.Leg). The same holds true for all areas in between the joints. Consequently. nc he n 17 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München . not restricted to arm treating arm and leg treating leg. of the Three Jiao (and their Zang Fu organs). as can be seen in our figure T-3. the geometry is slightly distorted.Theoretical Basis If the four limbs and the trunk are lined up side by side in a way that in the ‘normal’ orientation with hands loosely hanging down by the sides and feet resting on the ground. 11.04 Wai Jian (Outer Distance) On the border of the middle 1/3 and the proximal 1/3 of the palmar middle phalanx of the index finger at the radial margin of the pahalangeal bone. Six Fu-bowels Vaginal swelling.27 . Large and Small Intestines Dyspnea.01 – 11. 11. on the Large Intestine channel ag 11. palmar surface DIPJ = distal interphalangeal joint.03 Fu Jian (Floating Distance) On the border of the distal 1/3 and the middle 1/3 of the palmar middle phalanx of the index finger at the radial margin of the pahalangeal bone. midway between Da Jian (11. palpitations. MCPJ = metacarpo-phalangeal joint Point Locations 11. knee pain.06 Huan Chao (Return to Nest) On the center of the ulnar side of the middle phalanx of the ring finger. Z1-1 Right hand. enteritis Reaction areas: Lung. knee pain. dyspnea.01 Da Jian (Big Distance) On the palmar aspect of the index finger.Zone 1 Zone 1 Points 11. stomachache. knee pain.Points on the Fingers . Kidney ke Mü 33 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München nc he n Points on the Fingers Zone 1 Points 11. mounting pain (疝 shan – inguinal) Reaction areas: Heart. palmar surface Point Indications Heart disease. on the Large Intestine channel © 11. midway between the PIP and MCP joints on the radial margin of the phalangeal bone. Six Fu-bowels Tooth pain. Heart. habitual miscarriage. reproductive disorders related to Liver or Kidney patterns Reaction areas: Liver. chronic bronchitis.03. and a bearing down pain of the testes. 11.06 Fig. eye pain. 11. expectoration of yellow mucous. hernia. 11. leucorrhea. cervicitis. on the Large Intestine channel Mü 11. mounting pain (疝 shan) Reaction areas: Heart.03) Reaction areas: Heart. dysmenorrhea. frequent urination. PIPJ = proximal interphalangeal joint. Six Fu-bowels Dizziness.02. hernia. on the Large Intestine channel Ve rl 11.05. palpitations. urethritis. on the Large Intestine channel ller 11.05 Zhong Jian (Center Distance) Midway between the PIP and MCP joints on the midline of the palmar proximal phalanx of the index finger. uterine myoma. mounting pain (疝 shan – inguinal or femoral).04. Heart.02 Xiao Jian (Small Distance) On the palmar aspect of the index finger. corner of the eye pain.01.01) and the PIP joint on the radial margin of the phalangeal bone. on the San Jiao channel &S tei nic Left hand. mounting pain (疝 shan) Reaction areas: Lung. Six Fu-bowels Same indications as Fu Jian (11. The traditional prescription describes needling a point shallowly for symptoms located close by and increasing insertion depth when targeting more remote pathologies.03).02)..05) are all located on – or adjacent to – the Large Intestine channel. the l left (i.01). Furthermore. Xiao Jian (11. inguinal and uro.03). both are covered by the channel correspondences described. and Zhong Jian (11.05) combined with bleeding the area of the medial malleolus. Needling Zhong Jian (11. and Zhong Jian (11. Fu Jian (11. and Huan Chao (11.2 cun preferentially treats anatomically closer structures such as the head. painful edema of the knee joints) the alleviating effects of the points are mediated by the Stomach channel (same name correspondence) via its channel divergence which penetrates the Heart Zang.04).04).05) Image Correspondence Depending on whether the Large.01). heart and chest. Wai Jian (11. Xiao Jian (11. Fu Jian (11. Furthermore.03).1 to 0. Yang) side is needled in males and the right (i. face.02). In cases of cardiac dysfunction and its consequences (e..06) Image Correspondence In the Large and Medium Taiji the location of Huan Chao (11.04).03) and Wai Jian (11.. Xiao Jian (11.e. Xiao Jian (11.04).02).02).Zone 1 Comments on Indications of Da Jian (11.04). in Tung’s system points that treat the Heart are also useful for knee pain.02).05) are all needled with cutting or shaving the bone technique. Wai Jian (11. and Zhong Jian (11. Yin) side in females. It regulates the San Jiao and invigorates the Kidney via the branching and connecting channel correspondence (Shao Yang – Shao Yin). Wai Jian (11. needling can be done contralaterally regardless of gender. Fu Jian (11. Fu Jian (11. internal / external pairing). If symptoms are unilateral.05). The Large Intestine channel by itself and via the Stomach channel (same name correspondence) influences the face (including especially the teeth and eyes) and the gastrointestinal tract. or to the Middle / Upper Jiao. Inguinal hernia and impaired vision are associated with the Liver channel.01). Wai Jian (11. Needling and /or Manipulation Perpendicular needling closely along the edge of the phalangeal bone (“cutting or shaving the bone”). Tissue / Zang Fu Correspondence Da Jian (11. Channel Divergences) the Liver channel divergence reaches the Heart. Xiao Jian (11.05) either correspond to the Lower Jiao. while needling 0. Channel Correspondence Huan Chao (11. according to Ling Shu Chapter 11 (Jing Bie. Da Jian (11.06) corresponds to the region of the reproductive system.06) harmonizes the Liver to disperse Qi stagnation.02) Wai Jian (11.06) is located on the San Jiao channel.e. Channel Correspondence Da Jian (11.Points on the Fingers . Da Jian (11.02). This is because the Shao Yang San Jiao communicates with the Shao Yang Gallbladder. and Zhong Jian (11. Small Taiji or their inverted orientations are used.3 cun and deeper treats hernia and knee joint complaints. which has a branching and connecting channel correspondence with the Large Intestine (Yang Ming – Jue Yin). For the points described in this section. Xiao Jian (11.01). which. a channel 34 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München © Ve rl ag Mü ller &S tei nic ke Mü nc he n . Medium.03). insert at the ulnar and radial sides of the phalangeal bones. Fu Jian (11. Special recommendations For treatment of hernia Miriam Lee recommends needling Da Jian (11.g. The indication for respiratory deficits can be understood through channel correspondences with Lung (Yang Ming Large Intestine – Tai Yin Lung.04) and Zhong Jian (11. vertigo and blurred vision occurring together may be due to combined dysfunctions of the Liver and the cardio-vascular system. Traditional guidelines also contraindicate bilateral needling of Da Jian (11. Wai Jian (11. Xiao Jian (11. Symptoms such as dizziness.03).01).01). Comments on Indications of Huan Chao (11. In Master Tung’s system all points on the ring finger also pertain to the Liver. Furthermore.04) are located where needling close to the bone will go along or through the tendons of the lumbrical and interosseus muscles.01). which invigorates the Kidney. Needling the tendons will contribute to harmonizing and soothing the Liver. Ju Jian (11. For detailed needling instructions see the Appendix of this section. needling 0.genital areas. and Zhong Jian (11. head and face (including mouth and eyes).05) will penetrate the tendon of the flexor digitorum muscles in addition which corresponds to tendon and harmonizes the Liver. habitual miscarriage. and other dysfunction of the female reproductive system Huan Chao (11.Zone 1 Tissue / Zang Fu Correspondence Huan Chao (11. herbs such as Chai Hu Bupleurum move stagnant Liver Qi by mainly entering the Foot Shao Yang Gallbladder).. For detailed needling instructions see the Appendix of this section Special recommendations Usually Huan Chao (11. 35 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München . or needling along the palmar surface of the bone (cutting or shaving the bone technique).06) with Zhong Ji (REN-3) and Zi Gong (M-CA-18) © Ve rl ag Mü ller &S tei nic ke Mü nc he n commonly used to move stagnation in the Liver (e. Needling the tendons contributes to harmonizing and soothing the Liver. Furthermore. Needling and /or Manipulation Perpendicular insertion until the bone is touched.g. according to Ling Shu Chapter 10 (Jing Mai. For infertility. Touching the bone with the needle tip enhances its effect on the kidney.06) is located where perpendicular needling goes through the tendons of the lumbrical and interosseus muscles which insert at the ulnar and radial sides of the phalangeal bones.06) is only needled on one side. and thus can effectively regulate Qi. For uterine pain after abortion combine Huan Chao (11.24) on opposite sides. the San Jiao channel governs disorders of the Qi.06) is combined with Fu Ke (11. On the Channels).Points on the Fingers . Lung Low back pain. 11. dorsal surface DIPJ = distal interphalangeal joint. otitis. pain of the nose bone. pleurisy.g. evenly distributed along the dorsal midline of the middle finger. Liver Neck pain.11 Fei Xin (Lung Heart) 2 point group. 11.12. between the PIP and MCP joints. evenly distributed on the dorsal middle phalanx of the index finger along the ulnar margin of the phalangeal bone.07 Zhi Si Ma (Finger Rapid Horses) 3 point group. hysteria (Gallbladder vacuity patterns). muscle pain of the lower leg (e.Zone 1 Zone 1 Fig. gastrocnemius pain) Reaction areas: Heart. supra-orbital pain Reaction areas: Kidney Palpitations. acne. abdominal pain. on the Pericardium channel 11. radial and ulnar to the midpoint of the dorsal proximal phalanx of the middle finger at the margin of the phalangeal bone. dorsal surface ke Mü nc he n Points 11. Z1-2 Right hand.Points on the Fingers . on the Pericardium channel ller 11.09 Xin Xi (Heart Knee) 2 point group. between the DIP and PIP joints. radial and ulnar to the midpoint of the dorsal middle phalanx of the middle finger at the margin of the phalangeal bone.13 . MCPJ = metacarpo-phalangeal joint 11. on the Pericardium channel 11.13 Dan (Gallbladder) 2 point group. scapular pain at the area of Gao Huang Shu (BL-43) Reaction area: Heart Hemiplegia. knee pain Reaction area: Gallbladder nic Right hand.10. 11. 11. PIPJ = proximal interphalangeal joint.07. knee and calf pain Activates heart and blood circulation because of its closeness to Zhong Chong (PC-9) Reaction areas: Heart. evenly distributed on the medial line of the dorsal proximal phalanx of the index finger along the ulnar margin of the phalangeal bone. 11.11.10 Mu Huo (Wood Fire) At the center of the DIP joint on the dorsal aspect of the middle finger. on the Pericardium channel Mü 11. 11.09. fish bone stuck in the throat Reaction area: Lung Knee pain. on the Large Intestine channel ag Ve rl 36 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München © &S Point Locations tei Point Indications Chest pain.08 Zhi Wu Jin (Finger Five Metal) 2 point group. childhood night crying. rhinitis. dermatitis. on the Large Intestine channel 11. tinnitus Reaction area: Lung Enteritis.12 Er Jiao Ming (Two Corners Bright) 2 point group. evenly distributed along the dorsal midline of the middle finger.08. low spinal lumbar pain. on the Pericardium channel 11. Fei Xin (11.3 cun in depth.Points on the Fingers .07) and Zhi Wu Jin (11. Fei Xin (11.09) on the forearm. Zhi Wu Jin (11. The indication for chest pain and pleurisy can be understood through channel correspondences with Lung (Yang Ming – Tai Yin. and Dan (11. © Ve rl ag Mü ller &S Needling and /or Manipulation Perpendicularly along the edge of the phalangeal bone (cutting or shaving the bone technique). tei Tissue / Zang Fu Correspondence Zhi Si Ma (11. 19). and Zu Qian Jin (77. Wei-Chieh Young states that Zhi Si Ma (11. Needling Zhi Si Ma (11.10). For treating skin diseases of the fingers on the palmar side Wei-Chieh Young recommends to combine Zhi Si Ma (11. which treat the chest (Large Taiji) and are located on the Stomach channel that crosses the breast region.2 – 0.13) Image and Channel Correspondences Xin Xi (11.Zone 1 Comments on Indications of Zhi Si Ma (11. which are located on the dorsal midline of the middle finger. the Large Intestine channel treats gastrointestinal tract disorders (abdominal pain.17. Comments on Indications of Xin Xi (11. All points named “Wu Jin” and “Qian Jin” are indicated for diseases of the abdomen. enteritis).08) penetrates the skin and touches the bone. The word “Jin” means metal and is a reference to the Large Intestine channel system which connects all these areas. or Zu Wu Jin (77.12). the Yang Ming Stomach. Mu Huo (11.09). 0.07) and Zhi Wu Jin (11. looking at the dorsum of the hand gives the image of the middle finger representing the longitudinal axis of the hand and. in a holographic analogy. This is one example for Zhi Si Ma (11.07) with Mu (11. the alleviating effect would rather be attributed to Large Intestine’s harmonizing effect on the Liver via its branching and connecting channel correspondence (Yang Ming – Jue Yin). This correspondence also covers skin diseases (acne. 37 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München . dermatitis) since the tissue of the Lung is the skin.08) are located on – or adjacent to – the Large Intestine channel.13) are located on the middle finger.12). Together with its same named channel. Fei Xin (11. When. Needling the tendons contributes to harmonizing and soothing the Liver providing for smooth flow of Qi.08) are located where needling close to the bone will go along or through where the tendons of the lumbrical and interosseus muscles insert at the ulnar and radial sides of the phalangeal bones.08) can be viewed as a consequence of the Large Intestine and Lung channels influencing the (externally - internally coupled) larynx and pharynx.10). Er Jiao Ming (11.11). While their effects on the upper (throat) and lower (lung) respiratory system are prominent. the feeling of something stuck in the throat (plum pit Qi) is caused by depressed Liver Qi.07) is a finger point analogue to the leg Si Ma points (88. This explains why Mu Huo (11. In the inverted Large and Medium Taiji they correspond to the Upper Jiao and the face. However.11). intestines. The symbolism and correspondence associated with their locations have two aspects.08) Special recommendations Miriam Lee states that Zhi Si Ma (11.07) is located on the Large Intestine channel which itself reaches the nose (rhinitis).08) and Shou Qian Jin (33. and Dan (11.09). alleviate pain of the back and spine. and Er Jiao Ming (11. Mu Huo (11. and Kidney (bone). Furthermore it can be helpful during delactation because Zhi Si Ma (11. nic ke Channel Correspondence Zhi Si Ma (11. any effects on Kidney (or bones) are obviously missing from the indications.24) on the lower leg. On the one hand.08) is less effective than Shou Wu Jin (33. Therefore they correspond to Lung (skin).12). When the syndrome “fishbone stuck in the throat” is taken literally the beneficial influence of Zhi Wu Jin (11.17). Zhi Si Ma (11. the difference being that leg points are more suitable for treating chronic patterns.07) and Zhi Wu Jin (11. Mü nc he n Image Correspondence In the Large and Medium Taiji these points cover the abdomen and Lower Jiao.25). Er Jiao Ming (11.07) and Zhi Wu Jin (11. For detailed needling instructions see the Appendix of this section. of the back of the trunk and the Du Mai (similar to Korean Hand Acupuncture mapping).07) acting like the Si Ma points on the leg. and throat.07) is very effective for shoulder pain. internal / external pairing).11). The Large Intestine Luo vessel reaches the ear thereby treating tinnitus. 18.07) treats flank pain due to any cause. however.10). points on the middle finger are on – or close to – the Pericardium channel which explains their effects on the heart. One cannot breathe. .09) and Dan (11. nc he n Furthermore.13) – Perpendicular needling along the edge of the phalangeal bone (cutting or shaving the bone) 0.09) are among the most frequently used Tung points for knee joint pain.13) has an effect similar to Wen Dan Tang (Warm the Gallbladder Decoction).13) are located where needling close to the bone will go along or through the tendons of the lumbrical and interosseus muscles.11) can be combined with San Jian (L. tei nic Needling and /or Manipulation Xin Xi (11.18).13).Zone 1 38 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München © Ve rl ag Mü ller &S Special recommendations Wei-Chieh Young states that the Xin Xi points (11.10).11) is in a similar location to Gao Huang Shu (BL-43).2 – 0. aiming towards the little finger. Mu Huo (11. For detailed needling instructions see the Appendix of this section. Touching the bone will invigorate the Kidney which assists in the treatment of back pain.12) for high intraocular pressure (Glaucoma). ke Mü Tissue / Zang Fu Correspondence Xin Xi (11. then Fei Xin (11.3 cun deep. Needling the tendons will contribute to harmonizing and soothing the Liver providing for smooth movement of Qi and extinguishing wind in cases of stroke. If the dorsal aspect of the middle finger mirrors the Du Mai.12) – Tangential needling under the skin and connective tissue. Fei Xin (11. and Er Jiao Ming (11.10).12) “especially for twisted or wrenched lower back.Points on the Fingers . Fei Xin (11. one cannot move” (Lee. which insert at the ulnar and radial sides of the phalangeal bones.11). The same tissue / Zang Fu correspondences exist for Mu Huo (11. and Er Jiao Ming (11.12) although the tendon involved is that of the finger extensor muscles. a treatment point in Tung’s acupuncture for knee pain when bled.09) also treat shoulder pain and relax shoulder muscles. Via the same name correspondence Pericardium interacts with Liver (Hand Jue Yin – Foot Jue Yin) which aids in treating Liver wind (stroke). 2002. Wei-Chieh Young recommends Er Jiao Ming (11. Touching the bone also treats Fear associated with the kidney as in the indications for Dan (11. Miriam Lee reports that the Xin Xi points (11.11). p. Miriam Lee recommends Er Jiao Ming (11. one cannot stand straight. The effects on the knees are primarily focused on pain radiating along the Stomach channel as the Pericardium interacts with Stomach via the branching and connecting channel correspondence (Hand Jue Yin – Foot Yang Ming).I.-3) as a guiding point.09) and Dan (11. For treatment of whiplash Fei Xin (11. Dan (11. acute (1010.09) Shou Qian Jin (55.Their Locations and Indications. Therefore this section must be viewed as a point finder rather than a list of point combinations or Dao Ma groups directly suitable for treatment.03) Qi Zheng abdominal pain (1010.Symptoms.15) Fu Kuai (1010. sprained (33.05) Men Jin Ma Ji activation of heart and blood circulation (11. urgent diarrhea (33.10) Mu Huo ller Mü abdominal pain and indigestion due to chronic pancreatitis (11.08) Zhi Wu Jin (33.18) Pi Zhong abscesses (11.15) Fu Kuai (44.07) Zong Shu aphasia due to stroke (88. Channel Correspondence etc.01) Qi Men (33.01) Huo Bao alcohol intoxication (99.) can be due to very diverse underlying syndromes.05) Jin Er amenorrhea (66. Therefore points listed for a given complaint will be equally diverse which reflects their specific relevance within the causal chain or the time course of a disease. Syndromes and Diseases 157 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München .g. abdominal cramps.26) Zhi Wu (77.02) Qi Jiao (33.05) Hou Zhi anus diseases (33.01) Er Huan anemia (33. back pain etc. Of course many similar symptoms (e.09) Shui Qu (88.03) Qi Zheng angina pectoris (55.10) Si Fu Er (1010. as described in the previous section) in relation to the syndrome pattern.05) Hua Gu Si (66.07) Zhi Si Ma (99.07) Er Bei ag Ve rl © &S tei nic allergies (99.27) Wai San Guan acne (11.10) Chang Men abdominal distension (1010. Identifying Points by Symptoms.10) Chang Men aphasia (1010.26) Shang Jiu Li Shi Shui abdominal distension.07) Huo Fu Hai ankle.01) Qi Men (33.02) Mu Fu anal prolapse (33.17) Qi Kuai (11.02) Qi Jiao (33.30 Nei Tong Shan (88.04) Huo Chuan anti-bacterial point (44. Syndromes and Diseases Later in this book we will present a number of treatment recommendations consisting of established point combinations and Dao Ma Groups taken from various sources.07) Bei Mian (66. dizziness. nc he n 4. Which of the points listed under a certain complaint can be combined for a given case must then be determined from their modes of action (Image Correspondence.31) Nei Tong Tian ke Mü In a way this register is the inverse of the previous section “Tung’s Points .29) Nei Tong Guan aphasia due to stroke (88.11) Si Fu Yi abdominal gas bloating (33.” After a symptom or deficit has been diagnosed this list helps the reader to search for points which may be applicable. 27) Wu Hu (77.06) Jian Zhong (44.Symptoms. poor (22. rheumatoid.04) Zhou Lun (1010.02) Zhou Yuan (1010.16) Huo Xi Mü ller arthritis.14) Di Shi (33.19) Shui Tong (1010.20 Shui Jin (22.05) Men Jin appetite.12) Ming Huang (88.19) Si Ma Xia Mü nc he n .16) Huo Quan (88.27) Wai San Guan (88. Syndromes and Diseases aphonia (88.05) Yi Zhong (77.12) Xin Men arteriosclerosis (44.07) San Zhong (77.13) Si Hua Li ag arthritis (11.09) Si Hua Zhong (77.13) Tian Huang (88.19) Si Ma Xia (88.03) Zhou Kun (1010.08) Si Hua Shang (77.15) Zhi Shen (22.17) Tian Huang Gu Guan Mu Guan Ve rl arthritis of the knee.15) Tian Shi (33.01) Da Jian nic asthmatic breathing (22.17) Shui Yu (44.18) Si Ma Shang (88.24) Zu Qian Jin (77.10) Tong Wei (88.13) Ren Shi (33.25) Zhong Jiu Li arm pain due to heart channel impairment (88.17) Si Ma Zhong (88.02) Zheng Zong (77.16) Shang Qu (44.17) Tian Huang (77.02) Chong Xian (55.08) Wan Shun Yi (22.10) Si Hua Fu (88.14) Qi Huang (88.25) Zu Wu Jin Fan Hou Jue Pi Er Pi San Pi Yi San Cha Yi back pain.17) Si Ma Zhong (88.06) Er Zhong (77.04) Hua Gu San (77. with painful joints (enlarged bones) (11.26) Shang Jiu Li arm pain so that they cannot lift (55.08) Ren Zong (77.10) Si Hua Fu arteriosclerosis and heart disease (44.07) Huo Fu Hai (33.03) Hua Gu Er armpit odor (44.04) Bo Qiu (88.09) Di Zong arthritis.11) Tu Shui ke asthma (1010.08) Ren Zong (44.02) Fen Zhi Xia arrhythmia (33.01) Chong Zi (22.01) Chong Zi (33.12) Li Bai T.13) Zhi Tong (44.09) Wan Shun Er bearing down pain of the testes 11.14) Di Shi (44.01 Fen Zhi Shang (DT.05) Ling Gu arm pain (33.14) Luo Tong (77.18) Si Ma Shang (88.27) Xia Jiu Li (77.18) Shen Guan (77.16) Qu Ling (44.03) Zheng Shi (77.09) Di Zong (44.22) Fu Yuan © 158 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München &S tei astigmatism (77.28) Guang Ming back pain (11.32) Shi Yin appendicitis (66. rheumatoid (11. degenerative (77.15) Huo Zhi (88.17) Shui Yu (77. especially due to kidney vacuity (22.09) Si Hua Zhong (77. this section makes obvious the fact that many of Tung’s points do in fact overlap in location with conventional points.-8) – foot pain. Wen Liu (L.-18).I. but some are different from the typical indications associated with these points in regular acupuncture texts.-11) – use together to treat headache He Gu (L. Mü nc he n 179 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München . Mü ller &S Large Intestine Channel tei Shao Shang (LU-11) – bleed for nosebleeds (in children under 3.02).01). this is the same indication as Hou E Jiu (VT. In that chapter Tung gives a list of conventional acupuncture points and then his specific indications for these points.-10) – numbness of the hands ag Bi Nao (L. Yu Ji (L.I. treat together for Lung channel sciatica Commentary: Large Intestine channel can treat Kidney channel through the opposite clock channel relationship. red rash. Here the entire section of Tung’s original book is translated with added commentaries. One of the important things this section of Tung’s writing teaches us is that Tung was aware of the conventional points of acupuncture.-14) – foot pain (needle unilaterally). which is an area commonly effected by sciatica.-4). gently pinch the point for 5 seconds.06). and fine.Regular Channel Points 5.” a chapter in Master Tung’s 1973 text. Tian Ding (L.” Lung Channel Tian Fu (LU-3) – sciatica related to the Heart channel (use with Xia Bai LU-4) Chi Ze (LU-5). For unilateral complaints needling is done contralaterally. In terms of Chinese medical pattern diagnosis wasting in this area of the hand also indicates generalized Qi and Blood vacuity.I.01) and Chong Xian (22. In the large Taiji projection this area relates to the lower back. and (through the limb to limb relationship) the lower leg.I. To make the original text clear. He Gu (L. Zhong Fu (LU-2) – scarlet fever (use bloodletting method) Commentary: Scarlet fever is caused by streptococcus pyogenes infection leading to sore throat.-17) – bloodlet to treat throat inflammation Commentary: This is an example of bloodletting the local area that is typical of the anterior trunk points in Tung’s acupuncture. In Tung’s acupuncture Lung channel sciatica can be seen when sciatica is accompanied by wasting of the thenar eminence and the area of He Gu (L.I. Furthermore. Xia Lian (L. Kong Zui (LU-6) – asthma related to the Lung channel Lie Que (LU-7). aching and numbness of the whole body Commentary: These indications are similar to the indications Tung gives for Chong Zi (22. Some of these indications are not surprising.I.I. points in a similar location to Yu Ji (LU-10).I. fever.I. and for internal complaints needling can be done bilaterally. translation is followed by a section named “commentary. bright red “strawberry” tongue.I.-4) – abdominal pain © Ve rl Shou San Li (L.-7).-4). Fu Tu (L. one cannot use needle on these patients) nic ke Yun Men (LU-1).-10) – bone pain. In Chinese medical terms this is a type of epidemic heat toxins. dizziness due to hypertension (needle bilaterally) Commentary: The indication of foot pain is similar to other points in this area of the arm such as Jian Zhong (44.I. Qu Chi (L. Tung’s Use of Regular Channel Points The material in this section was originally included as “Tung’s Revised Indications for the Points on the Fourteen Channels. 04). Di Huang (77.14) Shen Tong San Zhen 腎通三針 (Penetrate Kidney Three Needles) Dao Ma Group: Tong Shen (88. visible spider nevi or venous congestion. Tong Shan (88. Si Ma Xia (88.01). Since these points are not discussed in this text.g. Tong Bei (88. Tong Tian (88. When appropriate the original author (e. In each case the clinician should take into consideration the image. ller &S Guidelines for Using This Section tei Zu Si Ma 足駟馬 (Leg Rapid Horses) Dao Ma Group: Si Ma Zhong (88. points should be examined or palpated for reactivity (e. Protocols listed in this section are possible treatments but not the only ones that will be clinically effective. or comes from the experience or research of the authors of this text.17). channel and tissue correspondences for the points listed. Shang Jiu Li (88. pain on palpation. When no source is listed the protocol is generally utilized by a number of authors. These protocols are meant as possible suggestions from a variety of Chinese and English language sources written by experienced practitioners of Tung’s acupuncture.02). Young. Lee.11) Zu Jiu Li 足九里 (Leg Nine Miles) Dao Ma Group: Zhong Jiu Li (88. and Ren Huang (77.25). Jie Mei San (88.06) San Zhong San Zhen 三重三針 (Three Weights Three Needles) Dao Ma Group: Yi Zhong (77. Qi Huang (88.26).21) Mü nc he n 6.05). © Ve rl ag Mü This section presents point protocols for commonly seen diseases.09).18). Readers are encouraged to compare the points listed below with their descriptions presented earlier in this text to get a better idea when these protocols will be effective.19).12). Si Ma Shang (88. Tian Huang (88.. as well as the clinical experience of the authors of this text. tissue changes along the relevant channels.07) Shang San Huang 上三黃 (Upper Three Yellow) Dao Ma Group: Ming Huang (88.g.27) Zu San Tong 足三通 (Leg Three Penetrations) Dao Ma Group: Tong Guan (88.Index of Point Combinations and Dao Ma Groups Definitions of frequently used Dao Ma point group names: San Jie Mei 三姐妹 (Three Sisters) Dao Ma Group: Jie Mei Yi (88. Tong Wei (88.13).05).. the description of location is given in the footnotes. this section should stimulate thought about how each of the diseases listed can be treated. Hu. Jie Mei Er (88. Therapeutic Index of Selected Established Point Combinations and Dao Ma Groups 185 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München .19) nic ke Xia San Huang 下三皇 (Lower Three Emperors) Dao Ma Group: Tian Huang (77. Furthermore. San Zhong (77.10).18). Er Zhong (77. etc…). Even more so than a treatment formulary. Xia Jiu Li (88.06).03) In some protocols points on the trunk for bleeding are referenced.17) or Shen Guan (77. etc…) of each protocol is listed by last name. 1 Ears 6.4.8.Index of Point Combinations and Dao Ma Groups Overview of Categories of Disease 6.4 Neck and Back 6.6 Disorders of Pregnancy and Fertility 6.2 Vaginal and Vulvar Disorders 6.3 Shoulder Region 6.11 Points by Chinese Medical Function ller 6.3 Lung Disease Patterns 6.9.8.9.7 Other Women’s Disorders &S tei 6.2.2 Disease Patterns of the Sensory Orifices 6.1 Head 6.9 Gynecology and Obstetrics Disease Patterns 6.9.9.7 Kidney and Bladder Disease Patterns 6.8 Disease Patterns of the Channels and Network Vessels (Including Pain Management and Stroke) 6.2.9.7 Stroke (Zhong Feng) nic ke Mü nc he n .1 Menstrual Disorders 6.1 External Disease Patterns 6.2.4 Disorders of the Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries 6.5 Breast Disorders 6.1 Cardiovascular Diseases and Disorders of the Chest 6.8.4.8.9.9.5 Spleen.3 Nose 6.4 Heart and Chest Disease Patterns (Including Mind-Affect Disorders) 6.6 Lower Extremities 6.2 Facial Region 6.2 Mind-Affect Disorders (Jing-Shen Bing) 6.8.2 Eyes 6.3 Disorders of the Uterus 6.6 Liver Disease Patterns (Including Hypertension) 6.5 Upper Extremities 6.8. Stomach and Intestine Disease Patterns (Including Diabetes) 6.10 Miscellaneous 186 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München © Ve rl ag Mü 6.8. 05) (Hu) 2.08). Tong Shen (88.04) (Hu) 3. 88.08). Ling Gu (22.2.05). Eyes ag Otitis Media 1. San Zhong San Zhen Dao Ma group (77. Ling Gu (22. Ling Gu (22. 77. From Kidney patterns: Xia San Huang Dao Ma Group (77. Huo Ying (66. Wan Shun Yi (22. Mu (11. External Disease Patterns Aversion to Cold (from a Vacuity Pattern) 1.22).07) (Hu) 2.2. 77. San Cha San tei nic Sore Throat 1.17.18) 2. Da Bai (22.04).02). Da Zhui (Du-14).03).06. Ears © Eye Disorders in General 1.08) (Hu) 2. Zu Qian Jin (77. Shang Bai (22.18) (Young) Common Cold.27) ke 187 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München Mü nc he n . Mu (11.03).12. Shen Guan (77.g.19). Ce San Li (77. Ling Gu (22. 88. Disease Patterns of the Sensory Orifices 6.2. Influenza 1.05) (Hu) 3.07) (Young) 2.13.05).18). Shen Guan (77. Wan Shun Yi (22.05) (Hu) 3.03). bleed area around Yang Ling Quan (Gb-34) and Zu San Li (St-36) (Hu) 3. 88. Ling Gu (22.26) for suppuration (Young) Mü Otitis Externa 1. San Cha San &S Tinnitus 1. Ling Gu (22. Wan Shun Er (22. bleed anterior lower leg along Yang Ming channel (Hu) 2. Zu Wu Jin (77.05). Shen Guan (77. Zu Si Ma Dao Ma group (88.17/18. Bleed around lateral malleolus (Hu) 3.06.05. Ling Gu (22.14). Bleed upper back (e.21).09).1.24).07)..17) 2. Shen Guan (77. 77. Bleed Zhi Wu (11.05). Shen Guan (77.2.17) Common Cold with High Fever 1. Bleed around San Chong Dao Ma group (77.Index of Point Combinations and Dao Ma Groups 6. From Heart patterns: Di Zong (44.18) 2.09) (Hu) 4. Tong Shan (88.18.04) Headache (due to Common Cold) 1. bleed along Wu Ling (DT. around Da Zhui DU-14) (Hu) 6. Gan Mao Er (88. Bleed around lateral malleolus (Hu) ller Diminished Aural Acuity 1. Di Huang (77.05.19). From Liver patterns: Shang San Huang Dao Ma group (88.18).09). Di Zong (44. Ling Gu (22.19. Tong Guan (88.25). 77. Huo Ying (66. 77. San Cha San 4. Wai San Guan (77.1. He Gu (LI-4). 77.09). bleed medial lower leg (Hu) Ve rl 6. Da Bai (22. Gan Mao Yi (88.05). 88.01). 18). 88.21). From Common Cold: Ling Gu (22. Si Ma Shang (88. San Cha San 4.2. Mu (11. Huo San (66. 88. 14) 2.28) 2.19) (Young) Mü ller Nasal Obstruction 1. Shen Guan (77.17/18.18. Qi Huang (88.04) 188 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München © Ve rl Lung Disease Patterns ag Sinus Infection (Bi Yan 鼻炎) 1. Si Ma Zhong (88. 21) 2. needle Xia San Huang Dao Ma Group (77. From Common Cold: Jian Zhong (44. Di Huang (77.02) 2.17/18. i. Shang Bai (22.12. Guang Ming (77. Ling Gu (22.3. Shen Guan (77. Xia San Huang Dao Ma group (77.17) (Young) 2.17. Men Jin (66.01).28) (Young) 3. 14) 2.18) 3.18). Zhong Bai 22. 21) Presbyopia 1. Shen Guan (77.28.19.14) 2.12).17).06) (Young) 2.14) – as guiding point 6.17).04).Index of Point Combinations and Dao Ma Groups Redness of the Eyes 1. Guang Ming (77.21) 4. Si Ma Shang (88.07 6.19) (Hu) Glaucoma 1.22) (Hu) 2. Si Ma Zhong (88.17. Xia Bai 22. Bleed ear apex Cataract 1.12.12) 2. Xia San Huang Dao Ma group (77. Xia San Huang Dao Ma group (77. 19. 88.05).05) . Chong Zi (22. Zu Si Ma Dao Ma group (88. 88.18).14). 13.17/18. Zu Si Ma Dao Ma group (88. Jiao Xin KID-8) Night Blindness 1.06. Ling Xian (LI-20). Pneumonia 1.18.05).. Si Ma Zhong (88.17).17/18. Shui Xiang (66.03). 13.3. Guang Ming (77. Bi Yi (1010. Mu (11. Moxa cones over closed eyes (use extreme caution) Points that Brighten the Eyes [Ming Mu 明目] 1. Shang San Huang Dao Ma group (88. 19.12). Xia San Huang Dao Ma Group (77.05) (Young) &S tei nic ke Mü nc he n Blurry Vision 1.28) 3. 77. Mu (11.17) (Hu) 3.17/18. Ling Gu (22. 21) 3.19. Nose Allergic Rhinitis 1. 77. Ming Huang (88.18).19). Ma Kuai Shui (1010. Shang San Huang Dao Ma group (88.e. Guang Ming (77. Chong Xian (22. Da Bai (22. Ming Huang (88.17) 4. Blurry vision from glaucoma: Bleed Wu Ling (DT. 77. 19. 77. “At the first depth Yang evils are expelled. Most points are needled perpendicularly to the surface of the body unless the underlying anatomy requires oblique or subcutaneous needling. simple twirling or lifting and thrusting of the needle is employed to stimulate points. Tung’s acupuncture simultaneously treats both root and branch. when Ling Gu (22.40 mm (26 gauge).” Points are most commonly needled distally and contralaterally to the site of disease (especially for pain). Needling Based on Disease Characteristics Ling Shu Chapter 9 (Zhong Shi. Needle Depth Based on Disease Location Needle depth is a vital question in the application of acupuncture. Needling down near or to touch the bones treats the bones.” © Ve rl ag Mü Another guideline for distal point needling is that depth of needling is based on how far the treatment point is from the diseased area of the body. like most Chinese acupuncturists of his day. Despite limited needles per treatment. For example. and when it is used to treat low back pain or sciatica. thinner needles achieve satisfactory therapeutic outcomes. Shallow needling is used to treat the superficial parts of the body and expels exterior disease evils. such as 0. in autumn Qi is in the flesh. thus needling includes shallow and deep. and by extension the Kidney. Beginning and Ending) says. while diseases of a Yin nature (e. For local conditions. at the next depth Yin evils are expelled..g. Needling on or near the tendons treats diseases of the tendons. often in different parts of the body at the same time. Beginning and Ending) also says.g. chronic conditions. and in winter Qi is in the tendons and bones. Instead. acute conditions. and by extension the Liver. Needle Depth Guidelines B. Deep needling is used for supplementing vacuities. Essentials of Pricking) Qi Bo says. &S A. “In spring Qi is in the hair. Depth of needling should be according to the season.05) is needled to treat pain of the upper extremities it can be needled more shallowly. although bilateral needling can be used for internal disease conditions. conditions related to cold or blood stasis) need to be treated with deeper needling. in summer Qi is in the skin. There is a conspicuous lack of complex needle manipulation and there is no use of supplementation (bu fa) or drainage technique (xie fa).Needling Guidelines 7. It also indicates that a disease of a Yang nature (e. Hence. Middle depth needling treats the Middle Jiao and addresses internal disease evils. according to the experience of modern practitioners of Tung’s system. This is identical to needling based on tissue correspondence. needling should be relatively deeper. it should be needled more deeply. don’t go too far on the way. In Western medical parlance one could therefore term their action “homeostatic. This section describes that needling the depth of the skin treats the skin. There is no angling of the needles “with” or “against” the channel to achieve supplementation or drainage. ller In the Ling Shu Chapter 7 (Guan Zhen. and Tung himself was said to usually not use more than 6 needles in each treatment. needling needs to take into consideration the location of disease.. it is easy to see how one point can treat numerous conditions. Ling Shu Chapter 9 (Zhong Shi. Always reach the related structures. Restrictions of Pricking) has similar guidelines based on body tissues. Su Wen Chapter 51 (Ci Qi Lun. “Diseases include those at the surface and those deep. Needle Technique Tung. points in Tung’s system are viewed as having a balancing effect and establishing equilibrium irrespective of whether treatments start from repletion (shi) or vacuity (xu) patterns. even with such minimal treatment. and by extension the Heart. Needling the fleshy areas of the body treats the flesh. and by extension the Spleen. That said. at the third depth Gu Qi arrives. also our figure T-10). which we have described in detail previously (cf. conditions related to heat or to the exterior) should be treated with shallow needling. Needling on or near the vessels treats the vessels.” This statement transcends the obvious meaning presented. tei nic ke Mü nc he n 207 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München . On Governing the Needles) there is a discussion of the Five Needle Methods based on the five tissues of the body.” In other words. Considering the wide range of channel and image correspondences. and for conditions located far from the treatment point. needling can be relatively shallow. Tung’s Needling Guidelines Tung’s acupuncture typically utilizes a minimum number of needles per treatment. In Su Wen Chapter 50 (Ci Yao Lun. and by extension the Lung. favored the use of large gauge needles by modern western standards. 1.I.01 Chinese Name Da Jian 大間穴 Xiao Jian 小間穴 Fu Jian 浮間穴 Wai Jian 外間穴 Zhong Jian 中間穴 Huan Chao 還巢穴 Zhi Si Ma 指駟馬穴 Zhi Wu Jin 指五金穴 Xin Xi 心膝穴 Mu Huo 木火穴 Fei Xin 肺心穴 Er Jiao Ming 二角明穴 Dan 膽穴 Zhi Shen 指腎穴 Huo Xi 火膝穴 Mu 木穴 Pi Zhong 脾中穴 Mu Yan 木炎穴 Zhi San Zhong 指三重穴 Associated Channels Large Intestine Large Intestine Large Intestine Large Intestine Large Intestine San Jiao Large Intestine Large Intestine Pericardium Pericardium Pericardium Pericardium Pericardium San Jiao San Jiao Small Intestine Large Intestine Pericardium Pericardium San Jiao San Jiao San Jiao Small Intestine / Heart Lung Lung Lung Lung Lung Lung Xin Chang 心常穴 San Yan 三眼穴 Fu Yuan 復原穴 Fu Ke 婦科穴 Yan Huang 眼黃穴 Zhi Yan 止涎穴 22.-3) or He Gu (L.17 11. Example: Z2-3 – Fan Hou Jue. Point Indexes 8.09 11.02 22.03 11. This information will help to design treatment strategies based on channel correspondence (cf. No.23 11. 11.11 11.10 11.05 11.16 11.03 Ve rl Zhi Wu 制污穴 Wu Hu 五虎穴 Chong Zi 重子穴 Chong Xian 重仙穴 Shang Bai 上白穴 Da Bai 大白穴 ag Mü 210 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München © 22. Associated channels are those channels on which the point is located.13 11.04 ller &S Large Intestine / Pericardium Large Intestine San Jian (L. functionally related. Index of Tung’s Points according to Zones and Numbers with their Related Channels and TCM-Points Points which were not included in Master Tung’s original book [unnumbered points] can be identified by the figure in which they are depicted and explained.20 11.22 11.21 11.27 22. Overlapping points are TCM points of the same location or in the immediate vicinity.-4) tei nic ke Mü Overlapping Points nc he n .I.08 11.07 11. When two channels are listed the point either lies between those channels or influences both channels. our Table 2).14 11.01 11.12 11.18 11.02 11.Point Index 8.24 11.25 11.15 11.06 11.19 11. or to which it is very close.04 11.26 11. de © Ve rl ag Mü ller 20012. Hans-Georg Ross tei nic ke Mü nc he n .naturmed.Practical Atlas of Tung´s Acupuncture Weitere Bücher zur Chinesischen Medizin auf www. ca. 210 Seiten ISBN 978-3-87569-211-2 © Verlag Müller & Steinicke München &S Hernry McCann.