Introduction to Linux I Midterm Exam (Modules 1 – 14) Answer 1. Question ID 370 Which command is used in order to view the manual page for a topic? o help o doc o show o man 2. Question ID 371 The basic form of a command line is: o command [options…] [arguments…] o command [arguments…] options o command arguments options o command [options…] arguments… 3. Question ID 376 A command can be: (choose three) o A block o A function o A program built-in to the shell o An alias o A configuration file o A variable 4. Question ID 389 Which of the following man page sections will provide an example of how a command is executed? o The DESCRIPTION section o The NAME section o The FILES section o The SYNOPSIS section 5. Question ID 395 The command man 5 passwd will: o Display the first five lines of the man page for the passwd command. o Not work; you can’t give a numeric argument to the man command. o Print the first five man pages that refer to the term passwd. o Display the man page of Section 5 for passwd. 6. Question ID 402 Which character(s) cannot be placed in variable names? o Hyphen (“-“) character o Numeric characters o Underscore (“_”) character o Upper-case alpha characters o Lower-case alpha characters 7. Question ID 403 Shell variables are used to: o Reboot the system o Prevent users from logging in o Hide passwords o Hold critical system information 8. Question ID 404 Local variables are: o Only available to the shell they are created in o Passed into other shells and commands o Are not a valid type of variable o Not used by shells at all 9. Question ID 406 Environment variables cannot be declared by which command? o export o declare o set o typeset 10. Question ID 411 The /usr/local/bin directory contains: o Essential administrative commands o Nothing; it is not a valid directory o The most fundamental commands that are essential for the operating system to function o Commands that have been compiled from local sources 11. Question ID 428 The key press combination that will request a running process terminate: o CTRL+c o CTRL+d o CTRL+z o CTRL+p 12. Question ID 435 A popular program for monitoring running processes in real-time is: o watcher o mon o ghost o top 13. Question ID 437 To send a signal to a set of processes with the same name, you can run: o killall o sigkill o allkill o grpkill 14. Question ID 448 Which of the following commands will stop all processes owned by the user bob? (choose two) o kill -u bob o pkill -u bob o kill -l o killall -u bob 15. Question ID 464 The range defined inside of square brackets is based on the: o ASCII text table o Invalid question as ranges are not permitted o ANSI text table o Standard text table 16. Question ID 467 You can combine glob characters in a single pattern, for example: a??*[0-9]. True or False? o True o False 17. Question ID 477 The ls command can list the contents of only one directory at a time. True or False? o True o False 18. Question ID 479 To perform a “long listing” to show file details, use which of the following commands: o ls -L o ls -D o ll o ls -l 19. Question ID 486 The mv command can be used to move more than one file at a time. True or False? o True o False 20. Question ID 489 Which option(s) for the rm command can be used to delete directories that contain files? (choose two) o -r o -R o -D o -A 21. Question ID 496 Which character at the beginning of a long listing indicates a regular file? o c o d o l o – 22. Question ID 512 To decompress the archive example.gz, use the following command: o gunzip -x example.gz o gunzip example.gz o gzip -x example.gz o gzip -u example.gz 23. Question ID 522 By default, tar will attempt to extract an archive… o to the specified directory. o into the working directory. o into the user’s home directory. o into the archive’s parent directory. 24. Question ID 525 Which of the following options puts the cpio command into copy-in mode? o -o o -u o -v o -i 25. Question ID 530 The dd command can be used to create large files the can be used as swap files. True or False? o True o False 26. Question ID 532 Which of the following is not a valid argument for the dd command? o if o count o in o bs o of 27. Question ID 537 Which of the following are advantages of using the locate command? o It can search by file attribute types o It pages the results o Its results are always the most up to date o It is quicker than the find command 28. Question ID 546 Many commands that read text files will also read from this stream: o redirect o stdin o pipe o input 29. Question ID 547 If you want to overwrite a file by redirecting the output of a command, you can use: o & o } o > o | 30. Question ID 548 To redirect the errors that are output by a command, you can use: o 2@ o 2& o 2> o @ 31. Question ID 550 Which two symbols can effectively redirect stdin to a command? (choose two) o < o > o | o ! 32. Question ID 552 To send the normal and error output of a command to a single file, you can use: o 2> o > o 1> o &> 33. Question ID 555 The head -n -1 readme.txt command will: o Display all but the last line of readme.txt o Number the lines of readme.txt o Show the first character of every line of readme.txt o Display the first line of readme.txt 34. Question ID 556 Why would you press CTRL+C when executing tail? o To capture the output into a file o To stop tail from following a file o To complete the processing of a file o To get tail to copy the text it is outputting 35. Question ID 557 Which command merges two files like related tables in a database? o sql o join o query o paste 36. Question ID 562 Which command will remove consecutive duplicate lines from a file? o unique o uniq o dup o dedup 37. Question ID 568 The _____ command provides many options for formatting a file for printing. o pr o format o header o print 38. Question ID 570 Which regular expression character matches zero or more of the previous character? o . o + o * o ? 39. Question ID 572 Which of the following regular expression characters is an extended regular expression character? o + o . o * o $ 40. Question ID 575 The regular expression a* is equivalent to: o a{0,1} o a{1,} o a{1} o a{0,} 41. Question ID 578 To use regular expression characters to match themselves, you cannot: o Use the fgrep command o Put the character in the square brackets o Use the slash in front of the character o Use the backslash in front of the character 42. Question ID 579 What is NOT a purpose of using parentheses around parts of a regular expression? o They can be used to change the order that the pattern is evaluating o They can be used to refer back to what was matched o They can be used to make alternation more efficient o They can be used to group characters for repetition 43. Question ID 587 To navigate to the end of the line in vi command mode, you can press: o ^ o * o $ o # 44. Question ID 593 To search forward from your cursor in your vi document in command mode, you can type __ followed by the pattern to search for. o o | o / o ? 45. Question ID 597 If you are in vi command mode and want to begin inserting text at the end of the line, you can type: o I o o o A o O 46. Question ID 601 If you want to move a character to the right in vi command mode, you can press the right arrow key or: o j o k o h o l 47. Question ID 602 If you want to move up a line in vi command mode, you can press the up arrow key or: o l o k o h o j 48. Question ID 607 Which permission is necessary on a directory in order for a user to use the cd command to change that directory? o Execute o None o Write o Read 49. Question ID 609 The setuid permission on a file: o Causes the file to run under the user’s identity o Causes the file to run under the owner’s identity o Causes the file to never run as root o Causes the file to always run as root 50. Question ID 629 The command, chmod 1777 /data will: o Make the /data directory a setgid directory o Make the /data directory a sticky bit directory o Make the /data directory a setuid directory o Remove all special permissions 51. Question ID 632 The command, chmod 2777 /data will: o Remove all special permissions o Make the /data directory a setuid directory o Make the /data directory a sticky bit directory o Make the /data directory a setgid directory 52. Question ID 754 Which are valid link types in Linux? (choose two) o Soft links o Stable links o Hard links o Filesystem links 53. Question ID 763 Which is true about hard links? o They can only be created by the root user o They share inodes o They are created with the ln -s command o They can be made to directories 54. Question ID 772 Which value represents the inode number in the following output of the ls -li command: 87589 -rw-r–r–. 2 root root 83 Mar 4 22:45 myhosts o 87589 o 22:45 o 2 o 83 55. Question ID 774 The FHS sets which standard? o Which services should be installed o Which partitions should be created o Which directories should be used to hold specific files o Which filesystem types should be used 56. Question ID 868 The location of users’ default shells is stored in the ______ file. o /etc/group o /etc/gshadow o /etc/passwd o /etc/shadow 57. Question ID 869 Long command options are preceded by which two characters? o ** o || o — o && 58. Question ID 870 Which two characters do you use to tell the command that you are finished providing options and that the remaining data on the command line is arguments? o ** o — o || o && 59. Question ID 874 To see a list of commands that are available while viewing a man page, you can type the __ character. o h o g o c o w 60. Question ID 877 System Administration man pages are typically located in section ___. o 6 o 9 o 8 o 7 61. Question ID 893 What option to the kill command will list the signals for the system? o -r o -9 o -l o -list 62. Question ID 894 Which glob character matches “exactly one character”? o * o . o [ o ? 63. Question ID 895 Which glob character matches “zero or more characters”? o . o ? o [ o * 64. Question ID 896 Which two characters match “a single character from a set of specified characters”? o [] o ?? o .. o ** 65. Question ID 904 Which option to the find command will search by user owner? o -person o -user o -owner o -uowner 66. Question ID 974 Which type of link can be made to directories, hard or soft? o soft o hard 67. Question ID 975 Which type of link is easier to visually “see”, hard or soft? o hard o soft 68. Question ID 976 Which type of link is indistinguishable by programs from regular files, hard or soft? o hard o soft 69. Question ID 982 Which directory is used to store temporary files? o /etc o /tmp o /temp o / 70. Question ID 985 Which directory is used for the home directory of the root user? o /home/root o / o /var o /root Introduction to Linux I Final Comprehensive Exam (Modules 1 – 27) 1. Question ID 369 The _____ command displays information about the Linux kernel: o kern o uname o real o linux 2. Question ID 376 A command can be: (choose three) o A program built-in to the shell o A variable o A block o A configuration file o An alias o A function 3. Question ID 377 Which of the following are valid command lines? (choose two) o ls -l /etc o ls -/etc o -l ls /etc o ls /etc -l 4. Question ID 390 The [ ] characters around day in the example cal [-smjy13] [[[day] month] year] means that day is: o An option, not an argument o Required o An argument that must be “day” and nothing else o Optional 5. Question ID 391 The syntax [-u|–utc|–universal] means: o These are required options o These three options are different o These three options mean the same thing o This is invalid syntax 6. Question ID 396 If you want to delete a variable, you can run: o delete o unset o clear o wipe 7. Question ID 404 Local variables are: o Only available to the shell they are created in o Passed into other shells and commands o Are not a valid type of variable o Not used by shells at all 8. Question ID 417 Which of the following is a valid way to add the /data directory to the existing PATH variable? o PATH=$PATH:/data o PATH=/data o $PATH=/data o $PATH=$PATH:/data 9. Question ID 432 To view all processes on the system, you can execute: o ps -f o ps –all o ps -e o ps 10. Question ID 433 In order to run a command called “tough” in the background, you would type: o tough@ o bg tough o tough& o start -b tough 11. Question ID 437 To send a signal to a set of processes with the same name, you can run: o killall o grpkill o allkill o sigkill 12. Question ID 456 Which of the following is not used for globbing? o # o * o ? o [ 13. Question ID 462 The command echo ???a will display: o Only a file named ???a o All of the files in the current directory that have four characters in the file name with the last character being an “a” character. o All of the files in the current directory that have four characters in the file name. o All of the files in the current directory that end with an “a” character. 14. Question ID 463 Which of the following characters can be used to negate (indicate NOT matching the following characters), when placed as the first of a set of characters enclosed in square brackets [] ? (choose two) o ^ o ~ o ? o ! 15. Question ID 470 Which command performs globbing? o The display command o The bash command o The ls command o The echo command 16. Question ID 489 Which option(s) for the rm command can be used to delete directories that contain files? (choose two) o -R o -D o -r o -A 17. Question ID 497 Which character at the beginning of a long listing indicates a symbolic link? o d o l o c o – 18. Question ID 498 The names of hidden files begin with the ___ character. o > o + o . o * 19. Question ID 499 Which option to the ls command will sort the output by size instead of alphabetically? o -s o -S o -r o -t 20. Question ID 513 gzip and bzip are aliases for the same utility. True or False? o True o False 21. Question ID 515 Which option to the bzip2 command can be used to report the compression ratio of an archive? o -R o -v o -l o -c 22. Question ID 516 Which option to the bzip2 command can be used for recursive compression? o bzip2 doesn’t support recursive compression o -R o -c o -v 23. Question ID 530 The dd command can be used to create large files the can be used as swap files. True or False? o True o False 24. Question ID 531 The dd command can be used to copy entire partitions. True or False? o True o False 25. Question ID 545 This stream is the output of a command operating normally: o stdout o stdnorm o stderr o stdin 26. Question ID 549 Two or more commands combined with the “|” between them form a: o convoy o pipeline o command line o caravan 27. Question ID 551 If you want to append a file with the normal output of a command, you can use: o 2>> o >> o > o 1> 28. Question ID 552 To send the normal and error output of a command to a single file, you can use: o &> o 1> o 2> o > 29. Question ID 558 Which command will merge two files together line by line? o join o merge o paste o combo 30. Question ID 559 Which of the following is a non-interactive editor? o ed o sed o vi o nano 31. Question ID 566 If you want a file to be displayed with its lines numbered, you can use: o fmt o cut o nl o number 32. Question ID 567 To put the lines of a file in alphabetical order, you can run: o paste o sort o cat o uniq 33. Question ID 568 The _____ command provides many options for formatting a file for printing. o format o header o print o pr 34. Question ID 569 Which regular expression character matches any one character? o + o . o ? o * 35. Question ID 570 Which regular expression character matches zero or more of the previous character? o * o + o . o ? 36. Question ID 572 Which of the following regular expression characters is an extended regular expression character? o . o * o $ o + 37. Question ID 574 The regular expression a? is equivalent to: o a{0,} o a{0,1} o a{1,} o a{1} 38. Question ID 578 To use regular expression characters to match themselves, you cannot: o Put the character in the square brackets o Use the backslash in front of the character o Use the slash in front of the character o Use the fgrep command 39. Question ID 587 To navigate to the end of the line in vi command mode, you can press: o ^ o # o * o $ 40. Question ID 588 To move backward through a vi document, word by word, you press: o r o w o b o c 41. Question ID 592 To save and then quit, you can type in command mode: o :q o :wq o :WQ o :qw 42. Question ID 600 If you want to move a character to the left in vi command mode, you can press the left arrow key or: o j o h o k o l 43. Question ID 602 If you want to move up a line in vi command mode, you can press the up arrow key or: o k o l o h o j 44. Question ID 606 If a file has permissions that appear as rwxr-x—, what is the octal permission mode of the file? o 750 o 740 o 650 o 760 45. Question ID 608 The only user with the capability to change the owner of a file is root. True or False? o True o False 46. Question ID 617 Assuming everyone has access to the directory the file is in, who can view the contents of a file with permissions of rw-r—-x? o Only the group owners o Both the user owner and group owners o Only the user owner o Everyone o Nobody 47. Question ID 619 To switch to another group, you must: o Log off and log back in o Log in as the staff user o Be logged in graphically o Be a member of the group that you are switching to 48. Question ID 630 The command, chmod 0777 /data will: o Make the /data directory a setuid directory o Make the /data directory a sticky bit directory o Remove all special permissions o Make the /data directory a setgid directory 49. Question ID 634 Which of the following are mount options used for disk quotes? (choose two) o userquota o usrquota o grpquota o groupquota 50. Question ID 637 Which command produces a list of users of groups and their quota statistics? o quotarpt o repquota o warnquota o quota 51. Question ID 654 Which command will remount the /data filesystem using the option from the /etc/fstab file? o mount -o mount /data o mount -o remount /dev/sda1 /data o mount -o remount /data 52. Question ID 663 If a user has exceeded the block soft quota and the grace period has expired, what happens? o The soft limit becomes a hard limit until the user goes below the soft limit again o The user will lose data, as files will be deleted automatically by the kernel. o The question is invalid because users cannot exceed block soft quota limits o Nothing, the user can still continue to use files as normal 53. Question ID 665 Which directories are typically writable to all users? (choose two) o /tmp o /home o /var/tmp o / 54. Question ID 671 To activate a swap space that has been initialized, you can execute: o swapoff o swapon o swapcontrol o swapctl 55. Question ID 683 Which of the following commands will allow you to backup a partition table to a file and restore it at a later time? o ddisk o edisk o sfdisk o pdisk 56. Question ID 688 Which of the following commands will allow you to add a physical volume to an existing volume group? o vgcreate o vgextend o vgreduce o vgadd 57. Question ID 697 If the command you used to unmount a partition fails, which commands can you use to check what is keeping the partition busy? (choose two) o lsof o chkdsk o partchk o fuser 58. Question ID 698 What commands can display a list of mounted file systems? (choose two) o lspt o mount o df o fdisk 59. Question ID 699 The first field in the /etc/fstab file is used to specify: o The mount options o The dump level o The filesystem type o The device to mount o The mount point o The fsck order 60. Question ID 704 The sixth field in the /etc/fstab file is used to specify: o The filesystem type o The device to mount o The mount point o The fsck order o The mount options o The dump level 61. Question ID 710 Which of the following will mount an ISO file named cdrom.iso? o mount -t cdrom cdrom.iso /mntb o mount -t ufs cdrom.iso /mnt o mount -o loopback cdrom.iso /mnt o mount -o loop cdrom.iso /mnt 62. Question ID 729 Which option to the du command shows a summary of the space used in a directory structure? o -s o -h o -x o -all 63. Question ID 730 What determines how many files can be stored in a filesystem? o The number of bytes o The Superblock size o The number of inodes o The number of data blocks 64. Question ID 732 Which of the following commands will display information about the Superblock? (choose two) o tune2fs o init 0 o superblk -a o dumpe2fs 65. Question ID 743 The fsck utility uses which file to determine a filesystem type? o /etc/system o /etc/fsck o /etc/fstab o /etc/fsck.config 66. Question ID 746 Which command will allow you to determine where the backup superblock is for a filesystem? o dumpe2fs o e2fsck o fsck o superblk 67. Question ID 755 The output of the ls -l command includes “/etc/grub.conf -> ../boot/grub/grub.conf”. Based on this information, which is the soft link file? o ../boot/grub/grub.conf o /etc/grub.conf o Neither o Both 68. Question ID 766 If you have 5 hard linked files and you delete four of them including the original one, then: o You lose the data from the file o The file still exists, but the data in the file is deleted o The hard link count goes to 0 o The data is still available from the remaining file 69. Question ID 781 What directory is used as a temporary mount point? o /mnt o /tmpmnt o /etc o /xbin 70. Question ID 792 Which command needs to be executed after modifying the LILO configuration file? o reload o redo o modconfig o lilo 71. Question ID 796 In GRUB Legacy, which directive is not typically used after a title directive? (choose one) o initrd o boot o kernel o root 72. Question ID 816 The third stage of the boot process is: o The kernel phase o The init phase o The firmware (BIOS/UEFI) stage o The Bootloader (LILO/GRUB) stage 73. Question ID 818 The bootloader (GRUB/LILO) loads which of the following components into memory? (choose two) o The root filesystem o The ramdisk o The init process o The kernel 74. Question ID 825 Which runlevel number defines multi-user with no networking services? o 3 o 0 o 1 o 5 o 2 o 6 o 4 75. Question ID 834 Which of the following commands can be used to reboot the system? (choose two) o shutdown o reboot o halt o shutdown -r 76. Question ID 836 What two differences are there between querying an installed RPM and an RPM package file with the rpm command? (choose two) o You must use the full filename when querying the package. o You must use the full filename when querying the installed RPM. o To query the package file, you have to add the -p option. o To query the installed RPM, you have to add the -i option. 77. Question ID 837 If you use the -f option when performing an rpm query: o The command will output a list of the files in the packages. o The command will display the full filename of the original package. o The command output will wrap at half screen width. o The command will show the package that owns a file. 78. Question ID 839 If you you have a RPM package file named, figlet-1.1-0.3.i686.rpm, which rpm commands will install it? (choose two) o rpm -F figlet-1.1-0.3.i686.rpm o rpm -U figlet-1.1-0.3.i686.rpm o rpm -i figlet-1.1-0.3.i686.rpm o rpm -e figlet-1.1-0.3.i686.rpm 79. Question ID 840 The rpm2cpio command can be used to: (choose two) o Extract files from a “.rpm” file o List the content of a “.rpm” file o Build a binary “.rpm” file from a source “.src.rpm” file o Create a new “.rpm” file 80. Question ID 842 Which two directories are automatically searched for shared libraries? (choose two) o /usr/lib o /lib o /library o /usr/library 81. Question ID 843 Which command will remove all files that belong to a Debian package? o apt-get uninstall o apt-get purge o apt-get remove o apt-get erase 82. Question ID 845 Which command will update the list of available packages for APT? o apt-get upgrade o apt-get update o apt-cache update o apt-cache upgrade 83. Question ID 851 How can you determine the Debian package that owns a file? o dpkg -S o dpkg -f o dpkg -o o dpkg -i 84. Question ID 856 Which command may be used to get a list of the installed Debian packages? o apt-get list o dpkg -L o apt-get show o dpkg -l 85. Question ID 860 Which two commands will show detailed information about a Debian package? (choose two) o apt-cache show o dpkg -s o apt-cache info o dpkg -i 86. Question ID 862 Which command is used to display the shared libraries of a dynamically linked executable? o ldd o ldlist o ldconfig o ld.so 87. Question ID 864 Which command will check the integrity of an RPM file? o rpm -qKp o rpm -qCp o rpm -qcp o rpm -qkp 88. Question ID 870 Which two characters do you use to tell the command that you are finished providing options and that the remaining data on the command line is arguments? o ** o && o — o || 89. Question ID 872 The _____ option to the uname command will display the kernel name. o -s o -x o -n o -k 90. Question ID 876 Special file man pages are typically located in section ____. o 4 o 2 o 3 o 1 91. Question ID 877 System Administration man pages are typically located in section ___. o 8 o 6 o 7 o 9 92. Question ID 878 Shell command man pages are typically located in section ___. o 4 o 1 o 3 o 2 93. Question ID 879 An absolute path always starts with which character? o o ~ o / o . 94. Question ID 884 Which file can you place in your home directory to be executed when you log off the system? o ~/.bashrc o /etc/bashrc o ~/.bash_profile o ~/.bash_logout 95. Question ID 886 The _____ command will list the commands that are running in your terminal. o ls o ps o proc o list 96. Question ID 890 To set a priority value lower than 0, you must log in as which user? o The root user o Any user account o No user can specify a priority lower than 0 o The adm user 97. Question ID 894 Which glob character matches “exactly one character”? o [ o * o ? o . 98. Question ID 898 By default, using the touch command on an existing file will update the file’s _____. o Type o Permissions o Timestamp o Ownership 99. Question ID 907 Which option to the find command will execute a command on each matching file without prompting the user? o -ok o -print o -ls o -exec 100. Question ID 909 Which option to the find command will search by name using a case-insensitive match? o -inum o -insen o -iname o -i 101. Question ID 910 Which of the following commands will take the standard output of the ls and put it into the /tmp/output.txt file: o ls | /tmp/output.txt o ls 2 | /tmp/output o ls 2> /tmp/output.txt o ls > /tmp/output.txt 102. Question ID 914 The ____ option can be used with the edquota command to copy the quota limits from one user account to another. o -u o -c o -p o -d 103. Question ID 922 A system that contains Linux as well as a Microsoft Windows operating system is called a: o Multi environment system o This sort of system cannot exist o Dual boot system o A file base system 104. Question ID 923 In what directory are you most likely to find user’s home directories? o /home o /usr/third o /var/lib o /usr/local 105. Question ID 924 Virtual memory is also referred to as: o Swap memory o Test memory o Hard memory o Soft memory 106. Question ID 925 Which directory structure has directories which may have heavy activity for services like mail, ftp, httpd and printing? o /var o /rootfs o /root o /home 107. Question ID 933 After running fdisk -cu /dev/sdb, what fdisk command will allow you to save changes and quit? o q o w o f o g 108. Question ID 934 Which command is used to create a logical volume? o lvadd o createlv o create o lvcreate 109. Question ID 956 Which option to the tune2fs command will change the space reserved for system use? o -M o -r o -R o -m 110. Question ID 960 Which option to the du command will allow you to specify a subdirectory to not include in the results? o –exclude o –noinclude o -e o -x 111. Question ID 968 Which option to the fsck command forces a system check? o -f o -FF o -F o -ff 112. Question ID 969 Which option to the fsck command will allow you to specify the filesystem type? o -T o -f o -F o -t 113. Question ID 970 Which option to the e2fsck command allows you to specify an alternative superblock? o -a o -d o -b o -c 114. Question ID 973 Which type of link can be made to a file on another filesystem, hard or soft? o hard o soft 115. Question ID 974 Which type of link can be made to directories, hard or soft? o hard o soft 116. Question ID 978 When viewing a file with the ls -l command, which character represents a file type of soft link? o – o l o d o f 117. Question ID 981 Which directory is used to store the kernel? o /kernel o / o /etc o /boot 118. Question ID 982 Which directory is used to store temporary files? o /etc o /temp o / o /tmp 119. Question ID 987 What is the full path to the LILO configuration file? o /boot/lilo.conf o /etc/lilo.conf o /var/lilo o /etc/lilo 120. Question ID 988 To use an encrypted password in the GRUB Legacy configuration file, use the _____ option to the password directive. o –crypt o –secure o –encrypt o –md5 121. Question ID 990 The primary configuration file for the GRUB 2 on a Fedora system is _____. o /boot/grub/grub.cfg o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg o /boot/grub2.cfg o /boot/grub/grub2.cfg 122. Question ID 1004 The first process that the kernel launches is called the _____ process. o init o startx o kernel o sys 123. Question ID 1005 The program that first starts the boot process is called the _____. o boot o bootloader o start o exec 124. Question ID 1012 Which of the following are benefits of a shared library: (choose two) o Programs can be smaller o Programs run faster o Programs use a more consistent base of code o Programs run slower 125. Question ID 1014 Which of the following contents is in the ldconfig configuration file by default? o include /etc/ldconfig o include ldconfig o include all o include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf 126. Question ID 1015 Which of the following commands would display the libraries used by the /bin/ls command? o ldd /bin/ls o ls -lib /bin/ls o ldconfig /bin/ls o listlib /bin/ls 127. Question ID 1019 The same set of services are started or stopped at different runlevels. True or False? o True o False 128. Question ID 1024 Which is the default runlevel for Debian based Linux systems? o 3 o 2 o 5 o 4 129. Question ID 1028 Which of the following is not a Linux boot system? o bootup o init o upstart o systemd 130. Question ID 1029 Which file is overwritten at the end of each boot process with the messages that were generated while booting? o /var/log/dmesg o /var/log/dmsg o /var/msg/dmesg o /var/tmp/dmesg 131. Question ID 1035 Which command is used to view the summary of the RAM and swap space? o lsmem o du o iostat o free 132. Question ID 1038 Coldplug devices are devices that are connected when the power is off. True or False? o True o False 133. Question ID 1042 Which of the following commands is used to view the network interface controller connected on the PCI bus? o lspci o lsmod o lsusb o lsnet 134. Question ID 1047 HALD is the abbreviation for: o Hardware Attribute Layer Daemon o Hardware Availability Layer Daemon o Hardware Abstraction Layer Driver o Hardware Abstraction Layer Daemon 135. Question ID 1048 What is the notification mechanism used to inform programs about a change in state of hardware devices? o HALD uses dbus to send notifications o Programs query HALD directly o DBUS forwards queries from programs to HALD o DBUS sends notifications to HALD