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bplist00Ó _WebSubresources_WebMainResource_WebSubframeArchives‾"',16;@GMSY_dinty~Ô _WebResourceData_WebResourceMIMEType^WebResourceURL_WebResourceResponseOl´/* ** MediaWiki 'monobook' style sheet for CSS2-capable browsers. ** Copyright Gabriel Wicke - http://wikidev.net/ ** License: GPL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html) ** ** Loosely based on http://www.positioniseverything.net/ordered-floats.html by B ig John ** and the Plone 2.0 styles, see http://plone.org/ (Alexander Limi,Joe Geldart & Tom Croucher, ** Michael Zeltner and Geir Bækholt) ** All you guys rock :) */ #column-content { width: 100%; float: right; margin: 0 0 .6em -12.2em; padding: 0; } #content { margin: 35px 0 0 12.2em; padding: 0 1em 1.5em 1em; background: white; color: black; border: 1px solid #aaa; border-right: none; line-height: 1.5em; position: relative; z-index: 2; } #column-one { padding-top: 35px; } /* the left column width is specified in class .portlet */ /* ** ** ** */ Font size: We take advantage of keyword scaling- browsers won't go below 9px More at http://www.w3.org/2003/07/30-font-size http://style.cleverchimp.com/font_size_intervals/altintervals.html body { font: 9pt sans-serif; background: #f9f9f9; margin: 0; padding: 0; } /* scale back up to a sane default */ #globalWrapper { font-size: 100%; width: 100%; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .visualClear { clear: both; } /* general styles */ table { font-size: 100%; background: white; color: black; } a { text-decoration: none; color: #002bb8; background: none; } a:visited { color: #5a3696; } a:active { color: #faa700; } a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } a.stub { color: #772233; } a.new, #p-personal a.new { color: #ba0000; } a.new:visited, #p-personal a.new:visited { color: #a55858; } img { border: none; vertical-align: middle; } p { margin: .4em 0 .5em 0; line-height: 1.5em; } p img { margin: 0; } hr { } height: 1px; color: #aaa; background-color: #aaa; border: 0; margin: .2em 0 .2em 0; h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { color: black; background: none; font-weight: normal; margin: 0; padding-top: .5em; padding-bottom: .17em; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa; } h1 { font-size: 188%; } h2 { font-size: 150%; } h3, h4, h5, h6 { border-bottom: none; font-weight: bold; } h3 { font-size: 132%; } h4 { font-size: 116%; } h5 { font-size: 100%; } h6 { font-size: 80%; } ul { line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: square; margin: .3em 0 0 1.5em; padding: 0; list-style-image: url(bullet.gif); } ol { line-height: 1.5em; margin: .3em 0 0 3.2em; padding: 0; list-style-image: none; } li { margin-bottom: .1em; } dt { font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: .1em; } dl { margin-top: .2em; margin-bottom: .5em; } dd { } line-height: 1.5em; margin-left: 2em; margin-bottom: .1em; fieldset { border: 1px solid #2f6fab; margin: 1em 0 1em 0; padding: 0 1em 1em; line-height: 1.5em; } legend { background: white; padding: .5em; font-size: 95%; } form { border: none; margin: 0; } textarea { width: 100%; padding: .1em; } input.historysubmit { padding: 0 .3em .3em .3em !important; font-size: 94%; cursor: pointer; height: 1.7em !important; margin-left: 1.6em; } select { vertical-align: top; } abbr, acronym, .explain { border-bottom: 1px dotted black; color: black; background: none; cursor: help; } q { font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-style: italic; } /* disabled for now blockquote { font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif; font-style: italic; }*/ code { background-color: #f9f9f9; } pre { padding: 1em; border: 1px dashed #2f6fab; color: black; background-color: #f9f9f9; line-height: 1.1em; } /* ** the main content area */ #siteSub { display: none; } #jump-to-nav { display: none; } #contentSub, #contentSub2 { font-size: 84%; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0 0 1.4em 1em; color: #7d7d7d; width: auto; } span.subpages { display: block; } /* Some space under the headers in the content area */ #bodyContent h1, #bodyContent h2 { margin-bottom: .6em; } #bodyContent h3, #bodyContent h4, #bodyContent h5 { margin-bottom: .3em; } .firstHeading { margin-bottom: .1em; } /* user notification thing */ .usermessage { background-color: #ffce7b; border: 1px solid #ffa500; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 2em 0 1em; padding: .5em 1em; vertical-align: middle; } #siteNotice { text-align: center; font-size: 95%; padding: 0 .9em; } #siteNotice p { margin: 0; padding: 0; } .error { color: red; font-size: larger; } .errorbox, .successbox { font-size: larger; border: 2px solid; padding: .5em 1em; float: left; margin-bottom: 2em; color: #000; } .errorbox { border-color: red; background-color: #fff2f2; } .successbox { border-color: green; background-color: #dfd; } .errorbox h2, .successbox h2 { font-size: 1em; font-weight: bold; display: inline; margin: 0 .5em 0 0; border: none; } #catlinks { border: 1px solid #aaa; background-color: #f9f9f9; padding: 5px; margin-top: 1em; clear: both; } /* currently unused, intended to be used by a metadata box in the bottom-right corner of the content area */ .documentDescription { /* The summary text describing the document */ font-weight: bold; display: block; margin: 1em 0; line-height: 1.5em; } .documentByLine { text-align: right; font-size: 90%; clear: both; font-weight: normal; color: #76797c; } /* emulate center */ .center { width: 100%; text-align: center; } *.center * { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } /* small for tables and similar */ .small, .small * { font-size: 94%; } table.small { font-size: 100%; } /* ** content styles */ #toc, .toc, .mw-warning { border: 1px solid #aaa; background-color: #f9f9f9; padding: 5px; font-size: 95%; } #toc h2, .toc h2 { display: inline; border: none; padding: 0; font-size: 100%; font-weight: bold; } #toc #toctitle, .toc #toctitle, #toc .toctitle, .toc .toctitle { text-align: center; } #toc ul, .toc ul { list-style-type: none; list-style-image: none; margin-left: 0; padding-left: 0; text-align: left; } #toc ul ul, .toc ul ul { margin: 0 0 0 2em; } #toc .toctoggle, .toc .toctoggle { font-size: 94%; } .mw-warning { margin-left: 50px; margin-right: 50px; text-align: center; } /* images */ div.floatright, table.floatright { clear: right; float: right; position: relative; margin: 0 0 .5em .5em; border: 0; /* border: .5em solid white; border-width: .5em 0 .8em 1.4em; */ } div.floatright p { font-style: italic; } div.floatleft, table.floatleft { float: left; position: relative; margin: 0 .5em .5em 0; border: 0; /* margin: .3em .5em .5em 0; border: .5em solid white; border-width: .5em 1.4em .8em 0; */ } div.floatleft p { font-style: italic; } /* thumbnails */ div.thumb { margin-bottom: .5em; border-style: solid; border-color: white; width: auto; } div.thumb div { border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 3px !important; background-color: #f9f9f9; font-size: 94%; text-align: center; overflow: hidden; } div.thumb div a img { border: 1px solid #ccc; } div.thumb div div.thumbcaption { border: none; text-align: left; line-height: 1.4em; padding: .3em 0 .1em 0; } div.magnify { float: right; border: none !important; background: none !important; } div.magnify a, div.magnify img { display: block; border: none !important; background: none !important; } div.tright { clear: right; float: right; border-width: .5em 0 .8em 1.4em; } div.tleft { float: left; margin-right: .5em; border-width: .5em 1.4em .8em 0; } .hiddenStructure { display: none; speak: none; } img.tex { vertical-align: middle; } span.texhtml { font-family: serif; } /* ** classes for special content elements like town boxes ** intended to be referenced directly from the wiki src */ /* ** User styles */ /* table standards */ table.rimage { float: right; position: relative; margin-left: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: center; } .toccolours { border: 1px solid #aaa; background-color: #f9f9f9; padding: 5px; font-size: 95%; } div.townBox { position: relative; float: right; background: white; margin-left: 1em; border: 1px solid gray; padding: .3em; width: 200px; overflow: hidden; clear: right; } div.townBox dl { padding: 0; margin: 0 0 .3em; font-size: 96%; } div.townBox dl dt { background: none; margin: .4em 0 0; } div.townBox dl dd { margin: .1em 0 0 1.1em; background-color: #f3f3f3; } /* ** edit views etc */ .special li { line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0; padding: 0; } /* Page history styling */ /* the auto-generated edit comments */ .autocomment { color: gray; } #pagehistory span.user { margin-left: 1.4em; margin-right: .4em; } #pagehistory span.minor { font-weight: bold; } #pagehistory li { border: 1px solid white; } #pagehistory li.selected { background-color: #f9f9f9; border: 1px dashed #aaa; } /* ** Diff rendering */ table.diff, td.diff-otitle, td.diff-ntitle { background-color: white; } td.diff-addedline { background: #cfc; font-size: smaller; } td.diff-deletedline { background: #ffa; font-size: smaller; } td.diff-context { background: #eee; font-size: smaller; } span.diffchange { color: red; font-weight: bold; } /* ** keep the whitespace in front of the ^=, hides rule from konqueror ** this is css3, the validator doesn't like it when validating as css2 */ #bodyContent a.external, #bodyContent a[href ^="gopher://"] { background: url(external.png) center right no-repeat; padding-right: 13px; } #bodyContent a[href ^="https://"], .link-https { background: url(lock_icon.gif) center right no-repeat; padding-right: 16px; } #bodyContent a[href ^="mailto:"], .link-mailto { background: url(mail_icon.gif) center right no-repeat; padding-right: 18px; } #bodyContent a[href ^="news://"] { background: url(news_icon.png) center right no-repeat; padding-right: 18px; } #bodyContent a[href ^="ftp://"], .link-ftp { background: url(file_icon.gif) center right no-repeat; padding-right: 18px; } #bodyContent a[href ^="irc://"], .link-irc { background: url(discussionitem_icon.gif) center right no-repeat; padding-right: 18px; } /* disable interwiki styling */ #bodyContent a.extiw, #bodyContent a.extiw:active { color: #36b; background: none; padding: 0; } #bodyContent a.external { color: #36b; } /* this can be used in the content area to switch off special external link styling */ #bodyContent .plainlinks a { background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } /* ** Structural Elements */ /* ** general portlet styles (elements in the quickbar) */ .portlet { border: none; margin: 0 0 .5em; padding: 0; float: none; width: 11.6em; overflow: hidden; } .portlet h4 { font-size: 95%; font-weight: normal; white-space: nowrap; } .portlet h5 { background: transparent; padding: 0 1em 0 .5em; display: inline; height: 1em; text-transform: lowercase; font-size: 91%; font-weight: normal; white-space: nowrap; } .portlet h6 { background: #ffae2e; border: 1px solid #2f6fab; border-style: solid solid none solid; padding: 0 1em 0 1em; text-transform: lowercase; display: block; font-size: 1em; height: 1.2em; font-weight: normal; white-space: nowrap; } .pBody { font-size: 95%; background-color: white; color: black; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid #aaa; padding: 0 .8em .3em .5em; } .portlet h1, .portlet h2, .portlet h3, .portlet h4 { margin: 0; padding: 0; } .portlet ul { line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: square; list-style-image: url(bullet.gif); font-size: 95%; } .portlet li { padding: 0; margin: 0; } /* ** Logo properties */ #p-logo { z-index: 3; position: absolute; /*needed to use z-index */ top: 0; left: 0; height: 155px; width: 12em; overflow: visible; } #p-logo h5 { display: none; } #p-logo a, #p-logo a:hover { display: block; height: 155px; width: 12.2em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: 35% 50% !important; text-decoration: none; } /* ** the navigation portlet */ #p-navigation { position: relative; z-index: 3; } #p-navigation .pBody { padding-right: 0; } #p-navigation a { display: block; } #p-navigation li.active a, #p-navigation li.active a:hover { text-decoration: none; display: inline; font-weight: bold; } /* ** Search portlet */ #p-search { position: relative; z-index: 3; } input.searchButton { margin-top: 1px; font-size: 95%; } #searchGoButton { padding-left: .5em; padding-right: .5em; font-weight: bold; } #searchInput { width: 10.9em; margin: 0; font-size: 95%; } #p-search .pBody { padding: .5em .4em .4em .4em; text-align: center; } /* ** the personal toolbar */ #p-personal { width: 100%; white-space: nowrap; padding: 0; margin: 0; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 16.4em; z-index: 0; border: none; background: none; overflow: visible; line-height: 1.2em; } #p-personal h5 { display: none; } #p-personal .portlet, #p-personal .pBody { padding: 0; margin: 0; border: none; z-index: 0; overflow: visible; background: none; } /* this is the ul contained in the portlet */ #p-personal ul { border: none; line-height: 1.4em; color: #2f6fab; padding: 0 2em 0 3em; margin: 0; text-align: right; text-transform: lowercase; list-style: none; z-index: 0; background: none; cursor: default; } #p-personal li { font-size:90%; z-index: 0; border: none; padding: 0; display: inline; color: #2f6fab; margin-left: 1em; line-height: 1.2em; background: none; } #p-personal li.active { font-weight: bold; } #p-personal li a { text-decoration: none; color: #005896; padding-bottom: .2em; background: none; } #p-personal li a:hover { color:black; padding-bottom: .2em; text-decoration: none; } #p-personal li.active a:hover { background-color: transparent; } /* the icon in front of the user name, single quotes in bg url to hide it from iemac */ li#pt-userpage, li#pt-anonuserpage, li#pt-login { background: url(user.gif) top left no-repeat; } padding-left: 20px; text-transform: none; /* ** the page-related actions- page/talk, edit etc */ #p-cactions { position: absolute; top: 218px; left: 11.5em; margin: 0; white-space: nowrap; width: 76%; line-height: 1.1em; overflow: visible; background: none; border-collapse: collapse; padding-left: 1em; list-style: none; font-size: 95%; } #p-cactions .hiddenStructure { display: none; } #p-cactions ul { list-style: none; } #p-cactions li { display: inline; border: 1px solid #aaa; border-bottom: none; padding: 0 0 .1em 0; margin: 0 .3em 0 0; overflow: visible; background: white; } #p-cactions li.selected { border-color: #fabd23; padding: 0 0 .2em 0; font-weight: bold; } #p-cactions li a { background-color: #white; color: #002bb8; border: none; padding: 0 .8em .3em .8em; text-decoration: none; text-transform: lowercase; position: relative; z-index: 0; margin: 0; } #p-cactions li.selected a { z-index: 3; background-color: #fff; padding: 0 1em .2em!important; } #p-cactions .new a { color: #ba0000; } #p-cactions li a:hover { z-index: 3; text-decoration: none; background-color: #fff; } #p-cactions h5 { display: none; } #p-cactions li.istalk { margin-right: 0; } #p-cactions li.istalk a { padding-right: .5em; } #p-cactions #ca-addsection a { padding-left: .4em; padding-right: .4em; } /* offsets to distinguish the tab groups */ li#ca-talk { margin-right: 1.6em; } li#ca-watch, li#ca-unwatch, li#ca-varlang-0, li#ca-print { margin-left: 1.6em; } /* ** the remaining portlets */ #p-tbx, #p-lang { position: relative; z-index: 3; } /* TODO: #t-iscite is only used by the Cite extension, come up with some * system which allows extensions to add to this file on the fly */ #t-ispermalink, #t-iscite { color: #999; } /* ** footer */ #footer { background-color: white; border-top: 1px solid #fabd23; border-bottom: 1px solid #fabd23; margin: .6em 0 1em 0; padding: .4em 0 1.2em 0; text-align: center; font-size: 90%; } #footer li { display: inline; margin: 0 1.3em; } /* hide from incapable browsers */ head:first-child+body #footer li { white-space: nowrap; } #f-poweredbyico, #f-copyrightico { margin: 0 8px; position: relative; top: -2px; /* Bump it up just a tad */ } #f-poweredbyico { float: right; height: 1%; } #f-copyrightico { float: left; height: 1%; } /* js pref toc */ #preftoc { margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; clear: both; } #preftoc li { margin: 1px -2px 1px 2px; float: left; padding: 2px 0 3px 0; background-color: #f0f0f0; color: #000; border: 1px solid #fff; border-right-color: #716f64; border-bottom: 0; position: relative; white-space: nowrap; list-style-type: none; list-style-image: none; z-index: 3; } #preftoc li.selected { font-weight: bold; background-color: #f9f9f9; border: 1px solid #aaa; border-bottom: none; cursor: default; top: 1px; padding-top: 2px; margin-right: -3px; } #preftoc > li.selected { top: 2px; } #preftoc a, #preftoc a:active { display: block; color: #000; padding: 0 .7em; position: relative; text-decoration: none; } #preftoc li.selected a { cursor: default; text-decoration: none; } #prefcontrol { padding-top: 2em; clear: both; } #preferences { margin: 0; border: 1px solid #aaa; clear: both; padding: 1.5em; background-color: #F9F9F9; } .prefsection { border: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; } .prefsection fieldset { border: 1px solid #aaa; float: left; margin-right: 2em; } .prefsection legend { font-weight: bold; } .prefsection table, .prefsection legend { background-color: #F9F9F9; } .mainLegend { display: none; } div.prefsectiontip { font-size: 95%; margin-top: 0; background-color: #FFC1C1; padding: .2em .7em; clear: both; } .btnSavePrefs { font-weight: bold; padding-left: .3em; padding-right: .3em; } .preferences-login { clear: both; margin-bottom: 1.5em; } .prefcache { font-size: 90%; margin-top: 2em; } div#userloginForm form, div#userlogin form#userlogin2 { margin: 0 3em 1em 0; border: 1px solid #aaa; clear: both; padding: 1.5em 2em; } background-color: #f9f9f9; float: left; div#userloginForm table, div#userlogin form#userlogin2 table { background-color: #f9f9f9; } div#userloginForm h2, div#userlogin form#userlogin2 h2 { padding-top: 0; } div#userlogin .captcha { border: 1px solid #bbb; padding: 1.5em 2em; width: 400px; background-color: white; } #userloginprompt, #languagelinks { font-size: 85%; } #login-sectiontip { font-size: 85%; line-height: 1.2; padding-top: 2em; } #userlogin .loginText, #userlogin .loginPassword { width: 12em; } #userloginlink a, #wpLoginattempt, #wpCreateaccount { font-weight: bold; } /* ** IE/Mac fixes, hope to find a validating way to move this ** to a separate stylesheet. This would work but doesn't validate: ** @import("IEMacFixes.css"); */ /* tabs: border on the a, not the div */ * > html #p-cactions li { border: none; } * > html #p-cactions li a { border: 1px solid #aaa; border-bottom: none; } * > html #p-cactions li.selected a { border-color: #fabd23; } /* footer icons need a fixed width */ * > html #f-poweredbyico, * > html #f-copyrightico { width: 88px; } * > html #bodyContent, * > html #bodyContent pre { overflow-x: auto; width: 100%; padding-bottom: 25px; } /* more IE fixes */ /* float/negative margin brokenness */ * html #footer {margin-top: 0;} * html #column-content { display: inline; margin-bottom: 0; } * html div.editsection { font-size: smaller; } #pagehistory li.selected { position: relative; } /* Mac IE 5.0 fix; floated content turns invisible */ * > html #column-content { float: none; } * > html #column-one { position: absolute; left: 0; top: 12em; } * > html #footer { margin-left: 13.2em; } .redirectText { font-size: 150%; margin: 5px; } .printfooter { display: none; } .not-patrolled { background-color: #ffa; } div.patrollink { font-size: 75%; text-align: right; } span.newpage, span.minor, span.searchmatch, span.bot { font-weight: bold; } span.unpatrolled { font-weight: bold; color: red; } span.searchmatch { color: red; } .sharedUploadNotice { font-style: italic; } span.updatedmarker { color: black; background-color: #0f0; } span.newpageletter { font-weight: bold; color: black; background-color: yellow; } span.minoreditletter { color: black; background-color: #c5ffe6; } table.gallery { border: 1px solid #ccc; margin: 2px; padding: 2px; background-color: white; } table.gallery tr { vertical-align: top; } table.gallery td { vertical-align: top; background-color: #f9f9f9; border: solid 2px white; } table.gallery td.galleryheader { text-align: center; font-weight: bold; } div.gallerybox { margin: 2px; width: 150px; } div.gallerybox div.thumb { text-align: center; border: 1px solid #ccc; margin: 2px; } div.gallerytext { font-size: 94%; padding: 2px 4px; } span.comment { font-style: italic; } span.changedby { font-size: 95%; } .previewnote { text-indent: 3em; color: #c00; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa; padding-bottom: 1em; } margin-bottom: 1em; .previewnote p { margin: 0; padding: 0; } .editExternally { border: 1px solid gray; background-color: #ffffff; padding: 3px; margin-top: 0.5em; float: left; font-size: small; text-align: center; } .editExternallyHelp { font-style: italic; color: gray; } li span.deleted, span.history-deleted { text-decoration: line-through; color: #888; font-style: italic; } .toggle { margin-left: 2em; text-indent: -2em; } /* Classes for EXIF data display */ table.mw_metadata { font-size: 0.8em; margin-left: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; width: 300px; } table.mw_metadata caption { font-weight: bold; } table.mw_metadata th { font-weight: normal; } table.mw_metadata td { padding: 0.1em; } table.mw_metadata { border: none; border-collapse: collapse; } table.mw_metadata td, table.mw_metadata th { text-align: center; } border: 1px solid #aaaaaa; padding-left: 0.1em; padding-right: 0.1em; table.mw_metadata th { background-color: #f9f9f9; } table.mw_metadata td { background-color: #fcfcfc; } table.collapsed tr.collapsable { display: none; } /* filetoc */ ul#filetoc { text-align: center; border: 1px solid #aaaaaa; background-color: #f9f9f9; padding: 5px; font-size: 95%; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; } #filetoc li { display: inline; list-style-type: none; padding-right: 2em; } /* @bug 1714 */ input#wpSave, input#wpDiff { margin-right: 0.33em; } #editform .editOptions { display: inline; } #wpSave { font-weight: bold; } /* Classes for article validation */ table.revisionform_default { border: 1px solid #000000; } table.revisionform_focus { border: 1px solid #000000; background-color:#00BBFF; } tr.revision_tr_default { background-color:#EEEEEE; } tr.revision_tr_first { background-color:#DDDDDD; } p.revision_saved { color: green; font-weight:bold; } #mw_trackbacks { border: solid 1px #bbbbff; background-color: #eeeeff; padding: 0.2em; } /* Allmessages table */ #allmessagestable th { background-color: #b2b2ff; } #allmessagestable tr.orig { background-color: #ffe2e2; } #allmessagestable tr.new { background-color: #e2ffe2; } #allmessagestable tr.def { background-color: #f0f0ff; } /* noarticletext */ div.noarticletext { border: 1px solid #ccc; background: #fff; padding: .2em 1em; color: #000; } div#searchTargetContainer { left: 10px; top: 10px; width: 90%; background: white; } div#searchTarget { padding: 3px; margin: 5px; background: #F0F0F0; border: solid 1px blue; } div#searchTarget ul li { list-style: none; } div#searchTarget ul li:before { color: orange; content: "\00BB \0020"; } /* BANNER */ #mr_banner { background: #fafafa; height: 200px; margin: 0; padding: 0; } #mr_header { margin: 0; padding: 0; background:#CBD3DE url("http://images.macrumors.com/css/guides/title_gui des.gif") no-repeat left bottom; line-height: normal; } #mr_header ul { font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; 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legends[0].className = 'mainLegend'; if (legends[0] && legends[0].firstChild.nodeValue) sections[seci].text = legends[0].firstChild.node else sections[seci].text = '# ' + seci; sections[seci].secid = children[i].id; seci++; if (sections.length != 1) children[i].style.display = 'none'; else var selectedid = children[i].id; ; } } } var toc = document.createElement('ul'); toc.id = 'preftoc'; toc.selectedid = selectedid; for (i = 0; i < sections.length; i++) { var li = document.createElement('li'); if (i == 0) li.className = 'selected'; var a = document.createElement('a'); a.href = '#' + sections[i].secid; a.onmousedown = a.onclick = uncoversection; a.appendChild(document.createTextNode(sections[i].text)); a.secid = sections[i].secid; li.appendChild(a); toc.appendChild(li); } prefform.parentNode.insertBefore(toc, prefform.parentNode.childNodes[0]) document.getElementById('prefsubmit').id = 'prefcontrol'; function uncoversection() { var oldsecid = this.parentNode.parentNode.selectedid; var newsec = document.getElementById(this.secid); if (oldsecid != this.secid) { var ul = document.getElementById('preftoc'); document.getElementById(oldsecid).style.display = 'none'; newsec.style.display = 'block'; ul.selectedid = this.secid; var lis = ul.getElementsByTagName('li'); for (var i = 0; i< lis.length; i++) { lis[i].className = ''; } this.parentNode.className = 'selected'; } } return false; // Timezone stuff // tz in format [+-]HHMM function checkTimezone(tz, msg) { var localclock = new Date(); // returns negative offset from GMT in minutes var tzRaw = localclock.getTimezoneOffset(); var tzHour = Math.floor( Math.abs(tzRaw) / 60); var tzMin = Math.abs(tzRaw) % 60; var tzString = ((tzRaw >= 0) ? "-" : "+") + ((tzHour < 10) ? "0" : "") + tzHour + ((tzMin < 10) ? "0" : "") + tzMin; if (tz != tzString) { var junk = msg.split('$1'); document.write(junk[0] + "UTC" + tzString + junk[1]); } } function unhidetzbutton() { var tzb = document.getElementById('guesstimezonebutton'); if (tzb) tzb.style.display = 'inline'; } // in [-]HH:MM format... // won't yet work with non-even tzs function fetchTimezone() { // FIXME: work around Safari bug var localclock = new Date(); // returns negative offset from GMT in minutes var tzRaw = localclock.getTimezoneOffset(); var tzHour = Math.floor( Math.abs(tzRaw) / 60); var tzMin = Math.abs(tzRaw) % 60; var tzString = ((tzRaw >= 0) ? "-" : "") + ((tzHour < 10) ? "0" : "") + tzHour + ":" + ((tzMin < 10) ? "0" : "") + tzMin; return tzString; } function guessTimezone(box) { document.getElementsByName("wpHourDiff")[0].value = fetchTimezone(); } function showTocToggle() { if (document.createTextNode) { // Uses DOM calls to avoid document.write + XHTML issues var linkHolder = document.getElementById('toctitle') if (!linkHolder) return; var outerSpan = document.createElement('span'); outerSpan.className = 'toctoggle'; var toggleLink = document.createElement('a'); toggleLink.id = 'togglelink'; toggleLink.className = 'internal'; toggleLink.href = 'javascript:toggleToc()'; toggleLink.appendChild(document.createTextNode(tocHideText)); outerSpan.appendChild(document.createTextNode('[')); outerSpan.appendChild(toggleLink); outerSpan.appendChild(document.createTextNode(']')); linkHolder.appendChild(document.createTextNode(' ')); linkHolder.appendChild(outerSpan); var cookiePos = document.cookie.indexOf("hidetoc="); if (cookiePos > -1 && document.cookie.charAt(cookiePos + 8) == 1 ) } } toggleToc(); function changeText(el, newText) { // Safari work around if (el.innerText) el.innerText = newText; else if (el.firstChild && el.firstChild.nodeValue) el.firstChild.nodeValue = newText; } function toggleToc() { var toc = document.getElementById('toc').getElementsByTagName('ul')[0]; var toggleLink = document.getElementById('togglelink') } if (toc && toggleLink && toc.style.display == 'none') { changeText(toggleLink, tocHideText); toc.style.display = 'block'; document.cookie = "hidetoc=0"; } else { changeText(toggleLink, tocShowText); toc.style.display = 'none'; document.cookie = "hidetoc=1"; } var mwEditButtons = []; var mwCustomEditButtons = []; // eg to add in MediaWiki:Common.js // this function generates the actual toolbar buttons with localized text // we use it to avoid creating the toolbar where javascript is not enabled function addButton(imageFile, speedTip, tagOpen, tagClose, sampleText) { // Don't generate buttons for browsers which don't fully // support it. mwEditButtons[mwEditButtons.length] = {"imageFile": imageFile, "speedTip": speedTip, "tagOpen": tagOpen, "tagClose": tagClose, "sampleText": sampleText}; } // this function generates the actual toolbar buttons with localized text // we use it to avoid creating the toolbar where javascript is not enabled function mwInsertEditButton(parent, item) { var image = document.createElement("img"); image.width = 23; image.height = 22; image.src = item.imageFile; image.border = 0; image.alt = item.speedTip; image.title = item.speedTip; image.style.cursor = "pointer"; image.onclick = function() { insertTags(item.tagOpen, item.tagClose, item.sampleText); return false; } } parent.appendChild(image); return true; function mwSetupToolbar() { var toolbar = document.getElementById('toolbar'); if (!toolbar) return false; var textbox = document.getElementById('wpTextbox1'); if (!textbox) return false; // Don't generate buttons for browsers which don't fully // support it. if (!document.selection && textbox.selectionStart == null) return false; } for (var i in mwEditButtons) { mwInsertEditButton(toolbar, mwEditButtons[i]); } for (var i in mwCustomEditButtons) { mwInsertEditButton(toolbar, mwCustomEditButtons[i]); } return true; function escapeQuotes(text) { var re = new RegExp("'","g"); text = text.replace(re,"\\'"); re = new RegExp("\\n","g"); text = text.replace(re,"\\n"); return escapeQuotesHTML(text); } function escapeQuotesHTML(text) { var re = new RegExp('&',"g"); text = text.replace(re,"&amp;"); var re = new RegExp('"',"g"); text = text.replace(re,"&quot;"); var re = new RegExp('<',"g"); text = text.replace(re,"&lt;"); var re = new RegExp('>',"g"); text = text.replace(re,"&gt;"); return text; } // apply tagOpen/tagClose to selection in textarea, // use sampleText instead of selection if there is none // copied and adapted from phpBB function insertTags(tagOpen, tagClose, sampleText) { if (document.editform) var txtarea = document.editform.wpTextbox1; else { // some alternate form? take the first one we can find var areas = document.getElementsByTagName('textarea'); var txtarea = areas[0]; } // IE if (document.selection && !is_gecko) { var theSelection = document.selection.createRange().text; if (!theSelection) theSelection=sampleText; txtarea.focus(); if (theSelection.charAt(theSelection.length - 1) == " ") { // ex clude ending space char, if any theSelection = theSelection.substring(0, theSelection.le ngth - 1); document.selection.createRange().text = tagOpen + theSel ection + tagClose + " "; } else { document.selection.createRange().text = tagOpen + theSel ection + tagClose; } // Mozilla } else if(txtarea.selectionStart || txtarea.selectionStart == '0') { var replaced = false; var startPos = txtarea.selectionStart; var endPos = txtarea.selectionEnd; if (endPos-startPos) replaced = true; var scrollTop = txtarea.scrollTop; var myText = (txtarea.value).substring(startPos, endPos); if (!myText) myText=sampleText; if (myText.charAt(myText.length - 1) == " ") { // exclude ending space char, if any subst = tagOpen + myText.substring(0, (myText.length - 1 )) + tagClose + " "; } else { subst = tagOpen + myText + tagClose; } txtarea.value = txtarea.value.substring(0, startPos) + subst + txtarea.value.substring(endPos, txtarea.value.length); txtarea.focus(); //set new selection if (replaced) { var cPos = startPos+(tagOpen.length+myText.length+tagClo se.length); txtarea.selectionStart = cPos; txtarea.selectionEnd = cPos; } else { txtarea.selectionStart = startPos+tagOpen.length; txtarea.selectionEnd = startPos+tagOpen.length+myText.le ngth; } txtarea.scrollTop = scrollTop; // // // } // if } All other browsers get no toolbar. There was previously support for a crippled "help" bar, but that caused more problems than it solved. reposition cursor if possible (txtarea.createTextRange) txtarea.caretPos = document.selection.createRange().duplicate(); function akeytt() { if (typeof ta == "undefined" || !ta) return; var pref = 'alt-'; if (is_safari || navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf('mac') + 1 || navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf('konqueror') + 1 ) pref = 'control-'; if (is_opera) pref = 'shift-esc-'; for (var id in ta) { var n = document.getElementById(id); if (n) { var a = null; var ak = ''; // Are we putting accesskey in it if (ta[id][0].length > 0) { // Is this object a object? If not assume it's t he next child. if (n.nodeName.toLowerCase() == "a") { a = n; } else { a = n.childNodes[0]; } if (a) { } else { signing tooltip } if (a) { } } } } } a.accessKey = ta[id][0]; ak = ' ['+pref+ta[id][0]+']'; // We don't care what type the object is when as a = n; ak = ''; a.title = ta[id][1]+ak; function setupRightClickEdit() { if (document.getElementsByTagName) { var divs = document.getElementsByTagName('div'); for (var i = 0; i < divs.length; i++) { var el = divs[i]; if(el.className == 'editsection') { } } } } addRightClickEditHandler(el); function addRightClickEditHandler(el) { for (var i = 0; i < el.childNodes.length; i++) { var link = el.childNodes[i]; if (link.nodeType == 1 && link.nodeName.toLowerCase() == 'a') { var editHref = link.getAttribute('href'); // find the following a var next = el.nextSibling; while (next.nodeType != 1) next = next.nextSibling; // find the following header next = next.nextSibling; while (next.nodeType != 1) next = next.nextSibling; } } } if (next && next.nodeType == 1 && next.nodeName.match(/^[Hh][1-6]$/)) { next.oncontextmenu = function() { document.location = editHref; return false; } } function setupCheckboxShiftClick() { if (document.getElementsByTagName) { var uls = document.getElementsByTagName('ul'); var len = uls.length; for (var i = 0; i < len; ++i) { addCheckboxClickHandlers(uls[i]); } } } function addCheckboxClickHandlers(ul, start, finish) { if (ul.checkboxHandlersTimer) { clearInterval(ul.checkboxHandlersTimer); } if ( !ul.childNodes ) { return; } var len = ul.childNodes.length; if (len < 2) { return; } start = start || 0; finish = finish || start + 250; if ( finish > len ) { finish = len; } ul.checkboxes = ul.checkboxes || []; ul.lastCheckbox = ul.lastCheckbox || null; for (var i = start; i<finish; ++i) { ' || var child = ul.childNodes[i]; if ( child && child.childNodes && child.childNodes[0] ) { var cb = child.childNodes[0]; if ( !cb.nodeName || cb.nodeName.toLowerCase() != 'input !cb.type || cb.type.toLowerCase() != 'checkbox' ) { return; } cb.index = ul.checkboxes.push(cb) - 1; cb.container = ul; cb.onmouseup = checkboxMouseupHandler; } } } if (finish < len) { var f=function(){ addCheckboxClickHandlers(ul, finish, finish+250); }; ul.checkboxHandlersTimer=setInterval(f, 200); } function checkboxMouseupHandler(e) { if (typeof e == 'undefined') { e = window.event; } if ( !e.shiftKey || this.container.lastCheckbox === null ) { this.container.lastCheckbox = this.index; return true; } var endState = !this.checked; if ( is_opera ) { // opera has already toggled the checkbox by this poin t endState = !endState; } var start, finish; if ( this.index < this.container.lastCheckbox ) { start = this.index + 1; finish = this.container.lastCheckbox; } else { start = this.container.lastCheckbox; finish = this.index - 1; } for (var i = start; i <= finish; ++i ) { this.container.checkboxes[i].checked = endState; } this.container.lastCheckbox = this.index; return true; } function fillDestFilename() { if (!document.getElementById) return; var path = document.getElementById('wpUploadFile').value; // Find trailing part var slash = path.lastIndexOf('/'); var backslash = path.lastIndexOf('\\'); var fname; if (slash == -1 && backslash == -1) { fname = path; } else if (slash > backslash) { fname = path.substring(slash+1, 10000); } else { } fname = path.substring(backslash+1, 10000); // Capitalise first letter and replace spaces by underscores fname = fname.charAt(0).toUpperCase().concat(fname.substring(1,10000)).r eplace(/ /g, '_'); } // Output result var destFile = document.getElementById('wpDestFile'); if (destFile) destFile.value = fname; function considerChangingExpiryFocus() { if (!document.getElementById) return; var drop = document.getElementById('wpBlockExpiry'); if (!drop) return; var field = document.getElementById('wpBlockOther'); if (!field) return; var opt = drop.value; if (opt == 'other') field.style.display = ''; else field.style.display = 'none'; } function scrollEditBox() { var editBoxEl = document.getElementById("wpTextbox1"); var scrollTopEl = document.getElementById("wpScrolltop"); var editFormEl = document.getElementById("editform"); 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</div> <!-- / nav buttons bar --> </div> <div id="globalWrapper"> <div id="column-content"> <div id="content"> <a name="top" id="top"></a> <h1 class="firstHeading">Keyboard shortcuts</h1> <div id="bodyContent"> <h3 id="siteSub">From Mac Guides</h3> <div id="contentSub"></div> <div id= "jump-to-nav">Jump to: <a href="#column-one">navigation</a>, <a href="#searchInp ut">search</a></div> <!-- start content --> <p>Keyboard shortcuts are combinations of simultaneous k ey presses that perform certain actions as an alternative to using the mouse. Ke yboard shortcuts usually require a combination of modifier keys (command, option , control and shift) and other keys. </p> <div class="thumb tright"><div style="width:106px;"><a href="/Image:Cmdkey.jpg" class="internal" title="The command key (cmd), also known as 'Apple'"><img src=" /images/5/5e/Cmdkey.jpg" alt="The command key (cmd), also known as 'Apple'" widt h="104" height="86" longdesc="/Image:Cmdkey.jpg"></a> <div class="thumbcaption" >The command key (cmd), also known as 'Apple'</div></div></div> <table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"><tbody><tr><td><div id="toctitle" ><h2>Contents</h2> <span class="toctoggle">[<a id="togglelink" class="internal" href="javascript:toggleToc()">hide</a>]</span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Mac_OS_X_Shortcuts"><span class="tocnumber">1</ span> <span class="toctext">Mac OS X Shortcuts</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Shortcuts_With_Global_Scope"><span class="tocnu mber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Shortcuts With Global Scope</span></a></l i> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Command-Tab_Box"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</s pan> <span class="toctext">Command-Tab Box</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Dock"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Dock</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Keyboard_Navigation_in_Mac_OS_X_Core_Apps"><spa n class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Keyboard Navigation in Mac OS X Core Apps</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Taking_Screenshots"><span class="tocnumber">2</ span> <span class="toctext">Taking Screenshots</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Dialog_Boxes"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Dialog Boxes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Shortcuts_Common_to_Most_Applications"><span cl ass="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Shortcuts Common to Most Applicat ions</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Other_Application_Shortcuts"><span class="tocnu mber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Other Application Shortcuts</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Text_Shortcuts"><span class="tocnumber">6</span > <span class="toctext">Text Shortcuts</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#System_startup"><span class="tocnumber">7</span > <span class="toctext">System startup</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Customizing_shortcuts"><span class="tocnumber"> 8</span> <span class="toctext">Customizing shortcuts</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Shortcuts_on_laptops"><span class="tocnumber">9 </span> <span class="toctext">Shortcuts on laptops</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Application_specific_shortcuts"><span class="to cnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Application specific shortcuts</span></ a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#iPhoto"><span class="tocnumber">10.1</span> <sp an class="toctext">iPhoto</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#iTunes"><span class="tocnumber">10.2</span> <sp an class="toctext">iTunes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#MS_Office_2004"><span class="tocnumber">10.3</s pan> <span class="toctext">MS Office 2004</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3"><a href="#Word_2004"><span class="tocnumber">10.3.1</span > <span class="toctext">Word 2004</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3"><a href="#Powerpoint_2004"><span class="tocnumber">10.3.2 </span> <span class="toctext">Powerpoint 2004</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3"><a href="#Powerpoint_2008"><span class="tocnumber">10.3.3 </span> <span class="toctext">Powerpoint 2008</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Universal_Access"><span class="tocnumber">11</s pan> <span class="toctext">Universal Access</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Links"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">Links</span></a></li> </ul> </td></tr></tbody></table><script type="text/javascript"> if (window.showTocTogg le) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } </s cript> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Mac OS X Shortcuts">edit</a>]</div><a name="Mac_OS_X_Shortcuts"></a><h2> Mac OS X Shortcuts </h2> <p>Many of these shortcuts can be customized (eg the <a href="/Expos%C3%A9" titl e="Exposé">Exposé</a> shortcuts), as explained in <a href="#Customizing_shortcuts" tit le="">Customizing shortcuts</a> below. </p> <div class="thumb tright"><div style="width:127px;"><a href="/Image:224px-Mac_ke yboard_symbols.jpg" class="internal" title="Symbols seen on Mac menus and non-US Apple keyboards, with their common names"><img src="/images/thumb/f/fd/224px-Ma c_keyboard_symbols.jpg/125px-224px-Mac_keyboard_symbols.jpg" alt="Symbols seen o n Mac menus and non-US Apple keyboards, with their common names" width="125" hei ght="335" longdesc="/Image:224px-Mac_keyboard_symbols.jpg"></a> <div class="thu mbcaption"><div class="magnify" style="float:right"><a href="/Image:224px-Mac_ke yboard_symbols.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"><img src="/skins/common/ima ges/magnify-clip.png" width="15" height="11" alt="Enlarge"></a></div>Symbols see n on Mac menus and non-US Apple keyboards, with their common names</div></div></ div> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Shortcuts With Global Scope">edit</a>]</div><a name="Shortcuts_With_Global_Scope "></a><h3> Shortcuts With Global Scope </h3> <p>More shortcuts with global scope can be found on the <a href="/Universal_Acce ss" title="Universal Access">Universal Access</a> page. </p> <table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse"> <tbody><tr> <td> command-option-esc </td><td> <a href="/Force-quitting_applications" title=" Force-quitting applications">force quit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> hold command-shift-option-escape for 4 sec </td><td> Force quit front-most application (without confirmation) </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-eject </td><td> show shutdown dialog </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-option-eject </td><td> <a href="/Sleeping_your_Mac" title="Sleeping your Mac">sleep</a> now </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-shift-Q </td><td> log out </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-shift-option-Q </td><td> log out without confirmation </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-control-eject </td><td> restart </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-shift-eject </td><td> sleep displays </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-option-control-eject </td><td> shut down </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-tab </td><td> cycle between open applications </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-` </td><td> *after* having pressed command-tab, it will cycle betwe en open applications in reverse </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-shift-tab </td><td> cycle between open applications in reverse dire ction </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-` </td><td> cycle between open windows in the selected application </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-shift-` </td><td> cycle between open windows in the selected applic ation in reverse direction </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-F4 </td><td> cycle between open windows in all applications </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-shift-F4 </td><td> cycle between open windows in all applications i n reverse direction </td></tr> <tr> <td> F8 </td><td> <a href="/Spaces" title="Spaces">Spaces</a> (<a href="/Leopard " title="Leopard">Leopard</a> only) </td></tr> <tr> <td> F9 </td><td> <a href="/Expos%C3%A9" title="Exposé">Exposé</a> for all windows (<a href="/Panther" title="Panther">Panther</a> and newer) </td></tr> <tr> <td> F10 </td><td> Exposé for all windows in selected application </td></tr> <tr> <td> F11 </td><td> Exposé to reveal desktop </td></tr> <tr> <td> F12 </td><td> <a href="/Dashboard" title="Dashboard">Dashboard</a> (<a href ="/Tiger" title="Tiger">Tiger</a> and newer) </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-# </td><td> Jump to a space (10.5+) </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-arrow </td><td> Cycle through spaces (10.5+) </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-space </td><td> activate <a href="/Spotlight" title="Spotlight">Spo tlight</a> (Tiger) or switch between keyboard layouts (pre-Tiger systems) </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-option-space </td><td> open a Spotlight search in a finder "Find" w indow </td></tr> <tr> <td> shift-volume </td><td> Change volume without sound effect </td></tr> <tr> <td> option-shift-volume </td><td> Fine-grained volume control (10.5+&nbsp;?) </td></tr> <tr> <td> option-volume </td><td> Sound Preference Pane </td></tr> <tr> <td> option-brightness </td><td> Display Preference Pane </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-decrease-brightness </td><td> Change display mode (only on revised fn keyboard layout on Alu. keyboards, newer MBP/MBs?) </td></tr> <tr> <td> opt-"Empty Trash" </td><td> Empty trash, including locked items, without an y alerts </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-escape </td><td> open front row (Press any F key (except F2) or Esc ape to exit) </td></tr> <tr> <td> hold shift while performing action </td><td> slow down any animation (exposé, time machine, minimize, etc) </td></tr> <tr> <td> option-drag scrollbar </td><td> smooth scrolling </td></tr> <tr> <td> option-eject </td><td> Eject secondary optical media drive (if one exists) </td></tr> <tr> <td> option-click dock icon or window </td><td> Switch to application and hide p revious application </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-option-click dock icon or window </td><td> Switch to application an d hide all others </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-drag menulet </td><td> re-order icon </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-drag menulet off the menu bar </td><td> remove icon from menu bar </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Command-Tab Box">edit</a>]</div><a name="Command-Tab_Box"></a><h3> Command-Tab B ox </h3> <p>Press command-tab and hold the command key to keep the box open. Release the command key to switch to the selected application. </p> <table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse"> <tbody><tr> <td> escape </td><td> exit command-tab box (equivalent to pressing the period ke y (.)) </td></tr> <tr> <td> H </td><td> hide application </td></tr> <tr> <td> Q </td><td> quit application </td></tr> <tr> <td> left/right arrow keys or home/end or `(grave accent)/tab </td><td> select a n application (you can also aim with the mouse) </td></tr> <tr> <td> up/down arrow keys </td><td> view windows of selected application (use arro w keys to navigate, then press enter to select window) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br> </p> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Dock">edit</a>]</div><a name="Dock"></a><h3> Dock </h3> <table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse"> <tbody><tr> <td> hold option while in Dock menu </td><td> change the Quit to Force Quit </td></tr> <tr> <td> option-command-drag onto Dock icon </td><td> force application to open drop ped item </td></tr> <tr> <td> option-drag Dock separator </td><td> force the Dock to only resize to non-i nterpolated icon sizes </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-drag Dock icon to destination </td><td> copy a Dock item to somewhe re else on the hard drive </td></tr> <tr> <td> shift-drag Dock divider </td><td> move Dock to left, bottom, or right side of screen </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-drag onto Dock icon </td><td> prevent Dock icons from moving </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-click Dock icon </td><td> show dock item in Finder </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br> </p> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Keyboard Navigation in Mac OS X Core Apps">edit</a>]</div><a name="Keyboard_Navi gation_in_Mac_OS_X_Core_Apps"></a><h3> Keyboard Navigation in Mac OS X Core Apps </h3> <table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2"> <b>Expose, Spaces</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td>tab (Expose) </td><td> cycle through Expose'd windows </td></tr> <tr> <td>tab (Spaces) </td><td> cycle through Spaces </td></tr> <tr> <td>number (Spaces) </td><td> focus specific space </td></tr> <tr> <td>c (Spaces) </td><td> collect all windows in space 1 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"> <b>Dashboard</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td> command-right arrow </td><td> go to next page of widgets in widget dock </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-left arrow </td><td> go to previous page of widgets in widget dock </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-+ </td><td> show/hide widget dock </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-R </td><td> reload widget </td></tr> <tr> <td> option-hover pointer over widget </td><td> show close button for widget </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"> <b>Spotlight</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td>escape </td><td> clear search field (press again to close menu) </td></tr> <tr> <td>tab </td><td> select current search term (equivalent to command-a) </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-enter </td><td> show selected file in Finder (equivalent to commandR or command-clicking an item) </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-up arrow </td><td> move to the first result in the previous category </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-down arrow </td><td> move to the first result in the next category </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"> <b>Finder</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td>shift-command-T </td><td> Add to Favorites </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-T </td><td> Add to Sidebar </td></tr> <tr> <td>escape </td><td> Cancel a drag-and-drop action while dragging </td></tr> <tr> <td>option-click zoom button </td><td> Cascade all Finder windows </td></tr> <tr> <td>option-click close box or command-option-W </td><td> Close all open finder w indows (except popup windows) </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift-option-command-W </td><td> Close all open finder windows (including po pup windows) </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-K </td><td> Connect to Server </td></tr> <tr> <td>option-drag file </td><td> Copy file to location </td></tr> <tr> <td>option-command-A </td><td> Deselect all items </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-E </td><td> Eject </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift-command-delete </td><td> Empty the Trash (with warning) </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift-option-command-delete </td><td> Empty the Trash (without warning) </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-F </td><td> Find any matching Spotlight attribute </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift-command-F </td><td> Find Spotlight file name matches </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift-option-command-escape </td><td> Force Quit Finder </td></tr> <tr> <td>control-command-I </td><td> Get Summary Info </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-[ </td><td> Go Back </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-] </td><td> Go Forward </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift-command-G </td><td> Go to Folder dialog (with Tab Autocomplete) </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift-command-H </td><td> Go to home folder of current user </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift-command-? </td><td> Mac Help </td></tr> <tr> <td>option-command-drag file </td><td> Make alias of file </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-L </td><td> Make alias of the selected item </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift-option-command-up arrow </td><td> Make desktop the active window, sele ct parent volume </td></tr> <tr> <td>Page Down or control-down arrow </td><td> Move down one page </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-drag file </td><td> Move file </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-delete </td><td> Move to Trash </td></tr> <tr> <td>Page Up or control-up arrow </td><td> Move up one page </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-N </td><td> New Finder window </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift-command-N </td><td> New folder </td></tr> <tr> <td>option-command-N </td><td> New Smart Folder </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift-command-D </td><td> Open desktop folder </td></tr> <tr> <td>control-command-up arrow </td><td> Open enclosed folder in a new window </td></tr> <tr> <td>Space while dragging </td><td> When dragging file onto folder it will spring open without the usual delay </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift-command-I </td><td> Open iDisk </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift-command-K </td><td> Open Network window </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-up arrow </td><td> Open parent folder (if there is no selection or o pen windows, open Home) </td></tr> <tr> <td>option-command-up arrow </td><td> Open parent folder, closing current folder </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-O </td><td> Open selected item </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-down arrow </td><td> Open selected item (if there is no selection or open windows, open Desktop) </td></tr> <tr> <td>option-command-down arrow </td><td> Open selected item, closing current fold er </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-click sidebar icon </td><td> Open Sidebar item in a new window </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift-command-A </td><td> Open the Applications folder </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift-command-C </td><td> Open the Computer window </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift-command-U </td><td> Open Utilities folder </td></tr> <tr> <td>Space or command-Y </td><td> Quick Look selected item </td></tr> <tr> <td>option-spacebar </td><td> Fullscreen quicklook selected item </td></tr> <tr> <td>Return or Enter </td><td> Rename the selected file/folder (escape cancels, e nter accepts the changes) </td></tr> <tr> <td>double-click resize widget </td><td> Resize current column to fit the longes t file name </td></tr> <tr> <td>tab (shift-tab reverses direction) </td><td> Select the next icon in Icon an d List views </td></tr> <tr> <td>option-hover pointer over filenames </td><td> Show full name if condensed wi th an ellipsis </td></tr> <tr> <td>option-command-I </td><td> Show Inspector (a single window that updates base d on selected item or items) </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-R </td><td> Show original (of alias) </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-J </td><td> Show View Options </td></tr> <tr> <td>option-command-Y </td><td> Slideshow of selection </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-1, command-2, command-3, command-4 </td><td> Switch Finder views (Ic on, List, Column, Cover Flow) </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-Z </td><td> Undo </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift-command-Z </td><td> Redo </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"> <b>Finder - Icon View</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td> command-1 </td><td> switch to icon view </td></tr> <tr> <td> tab/shift-tab </td><td> move between icons </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"> <b>Finder - Column View</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td>command-3 </td><td> Switch to Column View </td></tr> <tr> <td> tab/shift-tab </td><td> switch between panes </td></tr> <tr> <td> option-double-click resize widget </td><td> resize all columns to fit their longest file names </td></tr> <tr> <td>type anything </td><td> Find As You Type within the focused pane (FAYT) </td></tr> <tr> <td>right </td><td> Focus contents of selected directory in a new pane </td></tr> <tr> <td>left </td><td> go one pane back </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"> <b>Finder - List View</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td>command-2 </td><td> switch to list view </td></tr> <tr> <td>type anything </td><td> Find As You Type (FAYT) </td></tr> <tr> <td>tab </td><td rowspan="2"> cycle through contents of folder, wrapping around </td></tr> <tr> <td>shift tab </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-up </td><td> change working directory to parent </td></tr> <tr> <td>right </td><td> open selected folder </td></tr> <tr> <td>left (on a file)</td><td> jump to parent folder, if that folder is visible </td></tr> <tr> <td>left (on folder)</td><td> close that folder, if open </td></tr> <tr> <td>option-right </td><td> open all children of all selected folders </td></tr> <tr> <td>option-left </td><td> close all selected folders and children </td></tr> <tr> <td> option-click disclosure triangle </td><td> expand/collapse folder and child ren, recursively </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"> <b>Cover Flow</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td> command-4 </td><td> switch to cover flow view </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2"> <b>open..., save..., browse...</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td>/ </td><td> go to... dialogue, allowing one to specify full pathnames from r oot file. w/ <b>Tab Autocomplete</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-shift-g </td><td> <b>Go to folder...</b> dialogs. w/ <b>Tab Autocom plete</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>tab space </td><td> activate disclosure triangle </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Column View Note: </p> <ul><li> A hollow arrow indicates that the pane with the selected folder is acti ve. </li><li> A solid white arrow indicates that contents of the selected folder are active in the pane to the right . </li><li> The behavior of FAYT/Tab in Column View is functionally equivalent to tab-autocomplete on a standard *nix shell. </li></ul> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Taking Screenshots">edit</a>]</div><a name="Taking_Screenshots"></a><h2>Taking S creenshots</h2> <p>The <a href="/Taking_Screenshots_in_Mac_OS_X" title="Taking Screenshots in Ma c OS X">Taking Screenshots in Mac OS X</a> article includes keyboard shortcuts r elated to taking screenshots. </p> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Dialog Boxes">edit</a>]</div><a name="Dialog_Boxes"></a><h2>Dialog Boxes</h2> <table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse"> <tbody><tr> <td> enter </td><td> click the default button in dialog box (the button that is entirely blue) (The return key also works if there are no text fields that use r eturn) </td></tr> <tr> <td> space </td><td> click the focused button (the button that has a blue halo a round it) </td></tr> <tr> <td> option with Enter, Return, or Tab </td><td> applies that key to a text box without leaving the box </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-. </td><td> cancel (equivalent to pressing the escape key) </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-D </td><td> donâ t save (in save/cancel/donâ t save dialog) </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-R </td><td> replace (in â Do you want to replace this fileâ dialog) </td></tr> <tr> <td> type first letter in button label </td><td> press Button </td></tr> <tr> <td> tab (shift-tab reverses direction) </td><td> tab between buttons (Full Keyb oard Access must be turned on in System Preferences) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Shortcuts Common to Most Applications">edit</a>]</div><a name="Shortcuts_Common_ to_Most_Applications"></a><h2> Shortcuts Common to Most Applications </h2> <table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse"> <tbody><tr> <td> hold option key with menu open </td><td> show additional menu options </td></tr> <tr> <td> spacebar </td><td> simulate a mouse click on focused object (i.e., the but ton or control that has a blue halo around it) </td></tr> <tr> <td>command-shift-? </td><td> Search application help. As of 10.5, this also FA YT searches available menu items. It also activates the menu bar as keyboard na vigable if the search string is empty. </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-shift-+</td><td> increase font size </td></tr> <tr> <td> command--</td><td> decrease font size </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-, </td><td> preferences </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-? </td><td> help </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-shift-: </td><td> show spelling window </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-; </td><td> check spelling </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-A </td><td> select all </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-C </td><td> copy </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-D </td><td> duplicate </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-shift-C </td><td> show colors </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-E </td><td> use selection for find </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-F </td><td> find </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-G </td><td> find next </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-shift-G </td><td> find previous </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-H </td><td> hide application windows </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-option-H </td><td> hide windows of other applications </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-J </td><td> scroll to selection </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-M </td><td> minimize (equivalent to double-clicking the title bar) </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-option-M </td><td> minimize all application windows (equivalent to option-double-clicking the title bar or option-clicking the minimize button) </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-N </td><td> new </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-O </td><td> open </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-P </td><td> print </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-Q </td><td> quit </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-S </td><td> save </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-S </td><td> save </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-shift-S </td><td> save as </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-option-S </td><td> save all </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-T </td><td> show fonts </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-V </td><td> paste </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-W </td><td> close window </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-option-W </td><td> close all application windows (equivalent to opt ion-clicking the close button) </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-shift-W </td><td> close a file and its associated windows </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-X </td><td> cut </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-Z </td><td> undo </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-shift-Z </td><td> redo </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Other Application Shortcuts">edit</a>]</div><a name="Other_Application_Shortcuts "></a><h2> Other Application Shortcuts </h2> <table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse"> <tbody><tr> <td> command-option-T </td><td> show/hide a toolbar </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-click toolbar lozenge </td><td> cycle forward through toolbar displ ays </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-shift-click toolbar lozenge </td><td> cycle backward through toolba r displays </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-drag toolbar icon </td><td> re-order icon </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-drag toolbar icon off the toolbar </td><td> remove icon from toolba r </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-drag title bar </td><td> move window without bringing it to front </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-click file name in title bar </td><td> show file path in popup </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br> </p> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: Text Shortcuts">edit</a>]</div><a name="Text_Shortcuts"></a><h2> Text Shortcuts </h2> <p>These shortcuts can be used within all text areas in <a href="/Cocoa" title=" Cocoa">Cocoa</a> applications. </p> <table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse"> <tbody><tr> <td> option-left arrow </td><td> move left one word </td></tr> <tr> <td> option-right arrow </td><td> move right one word </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-delete </td><td> delete accent to left </td></tr> <tr> <td> option-delete </td><td> back delete one word </td></tr> <tr> <td> shift-option-delete </td><td> foward delete one word (equivalent to optiondel) </td></tr> <tr> <td> option-up arrow </td><td> move up one paragraph </td></tr> <tr> <td> option-down arrow </td><td> move down one paragraph </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-up arrow </td><td> move to beginning of all text </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-down arrow </td><td> move to end of all text </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-left arrow </td><td rowspan="2"> move to start of current line </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-left arrow </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-right arrow </td><td rowspan="2"> move to end of current line </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-right arrow </td></tr> <tr> <td> shift + any of the above </td><td> extend selection by appropriate amount </td></tr> <tr> <td> click then drag </td><td> select text </td></tr> <tr> <td> double-click then drag </td><td> select text, wrapping to word ends </td></tr> <tr> <td> triple-click then drag </td><td> select text, wrapping to paragraph ends </td></tr> <tr> <td> shift-select text with mouse </td><td> add to selection (contiguous) </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-select text with mouse </td><td> add to selection (non-contiguous) </td></tr> <tr> <td> option-drag </td><td> select rectangular area (non-contiguous) </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-option-drag </td><td> add rectangular area to selection </td></tr> <tr> <td> drag selection </td><td> move text </td></tr> <tr> <td> option-drag selection </td><td> copy text </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-control-D </td><td> use the dictionary to look up the word under th e mouse pointer </td></tr> <tr> <td> escape </td><td> show auto-complete list for word (equivalent to F5 or opti on-escape) </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-A </td><td> move to start of current paragraph </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-B </td><td> move left one character </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-D </td><td> forwards delete </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-E </td><td> move to end of current paragraph </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-F </td><td> move right one character </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-H </td><td> delete </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-K </td><td> delete remainder of current paragraph </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-N </td><td> move down one line </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-O </td><td> insert new line after cursor </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-P </td><td> move up one line </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-T </td><td> transpose (swap) two surrounding character </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-V </td><td> move to end, then left one character </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-Y </td><td> paste text previously deleted with control-K </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: System startup">edit</a>]</div><a name="System_startup"></a><h2> System startup </h2> <p>Hold down these keys to cause a Mac to perform special actions at startup tim e. </p> <table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse"> <tbody><tr> <td> C </td><td> boot from CD or DVD </td></tr> <tr> <td> D </td><td> force the boot device to be the internal hard drive </td></tr> <tr> <td> T </td><td> start up in <a href="/FireWire" title="FireWire">FireWire</a>/T hunderbolt target mode (the Mac temporarily becomes a very expensive external Fi reWire/Thunderbolt drive) </td></tr> <tr> <td> X </td><td> force boot into Mac OS X (older Macs that dual-boot into OS 9 a nd X) </td></tr> <tr> <td> N </td><td> boot from Network drive </td></tr> <tr> <td> shift </td><td> hold after power-up to boot into safe mode, hold after logi n to prevent startup items from opening </td></tr> <tr> <td> mouse button </td><td> eject CD before booting normally </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-S </td><td> boot into single user mode; type <tt>exit</tt> when don e </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-option-O-F </td><td> boot into the <a href="/Open_Firmware" title=" Open Firmware">Open Firmware</a> prompt </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-option-P-R </td><td> reset <a href="/PRAM" title="PRAM">PRAM</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-option-V </td><td> verbose boot; show the Unixy text goodness at bo ot time </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-option-shift-delete </td><td> bypass internal hard drive and boot f rom external drive or CD </td></tr> <tr> <td> option </td><td> choose startup disk at boot time </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-. </td><td> when startup disk chooser is active, open the CD tray </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: Customizing shortcuts">edit</a>]</div><a name="Customizing_shortcuts"></a><h2>C ustomizing shortcuts</h2> <p>Many system-wide shortcuts can be customized. This is described in detail in the <a href="/Changing_Keyboard_Shortcuts" title="Changing Keyboard Shortcuts">C hanging Keyboard Shortcuts</a> article. </p> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section: Shortcuts on laptops">edit</a>]</div><a name="Shortcuts_on_laptops"></a><h2>Sho rtcuts on laptops</h2> <p>On most Mac laptops, some of the function keys (F1 - F12) are used to control hardware features: </p> <table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse"> <tbody><tr> <td> F1 </td><td> decrease brightness </td></tr> <tr> <td> F2 </td><td> increase brightness </td></tr> <tr> <td> F3 </td><td> mute on G4s, decrease volume on G3s </td></tr> <tr> <td> F4 </td><td> decrease volume on G4s, increase volume on G3s </td></tr> <tr> <td> F5 </td><td> increase volume on G4s, numlock on G3s </td></tr> <tr> <td> F6 </td><td> Num lock on G4s, mute on G3s </td></tr> <tr> <td> F7 </td><td> Display mode (mirror or extend external display) </td></tr> <tr> <td> F8 </td><td> disable backlit keyboards (Aluminum PowerBooks) </td></tr> <tr> <td> F9 </td><td> decrease keyboard brightness for backlit keyboards </td></tr> <tr> <td> F10 </td><td> increase keyboard brightness for backlit keyboards </td></tr> <tr> <td> F12 </td><td> eject (some Macs, namely all MacBooks, MacBook Pros, and newe r PowerBooks, place a dedicated eject key next to the F12 key) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Newer Mac laptops (MacBook Pros made after February 2008, MacBooks after Nove mber(?) 2007, MacBook Airs), and the Aluminum keyboard, have a different layout for fn keys. Some keys have been added, while the numlock key has been removed and the display mode key has been integrated into the brightness key (see combin ations in parenthesis) </p> <table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse"> <tbody><tr> <td> F1 </td><td> <b>decrease brightness</b> (command+F1 changes display mode, o ption+F1 brings up display prefs) </td></tr> <tr> <td> F2 </td><td> <b>increase brightness</b> (option+F2 brings up display prefs) </td></tr> <tr> <td> F3 </td><td> <b>exposé</b> (F3 shows all windows, control+F3 shows app windows , option+F3 brings up exposé prefs, command+F3 shows desktop) </td></tr> <tr> <td> F4 </td><td> <b>dashboard</b> (option+F4 brings up exposé prefs) </td></tr> <tr> <td> F5 </td><td> <b>decrease keyboard brightness</b> for backlit keyboards (opt ion+F5 brings up keyboard prefs) </td></tr> <tr> <td> F6 </td><td> <b>increase keyboard brightness</b> for backlit keyboards (opt ion+F6 brings up keyboard prefs) </td></tr> <tr> <td> F7 </td><td> <b>media navigation backwards</b> (like hitting back on Apple Remote) </td></tr> <tr> <td> F8 </td><td> <b>media play/pause</b> (like hitting play/pause on Apple Remo te) </td></tr> <tr> <td> F9 </td><td> <b>media navigation forwards</b> (like hitting next on Apple R emote) </td></tr> <tr> <td> F10 </td><td> <b>mute volume</b> (option+F10 brings up sound prefs) </td></tr> <tr> <td> F11 </td><td> <b>decrease volume</b> (option+shift+F11 for incremental decr ease, option+F11 brings up sound prefs) </td></tr> <tr> <td> F12 </td><td> <b>increase volume</b> (option+shift+F12 for incremental incr ease, option+F12 brings up sound prefs) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br> If you want to use these function keys for standard keyboard shortcuts, you must use the fn key, located in the lower-left corner of the keyboard. For example, to use Spaces on these keyboards, you must press fn-F8; to shift between all o pen windows in all applications, you must press ctrl-fn-F4; etc. </p><p>This behaviour can be altered in the Keyboard tab of the Keyboard &amp; M ouse preference pane, so that hardware functions (like screen brightness) requir e pressing fn, and standard keyboard shortcuts (like Spaces) work without the fn key. </p> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section: Application specific shortcuts">edit</a>]</div><a name="Application_specific_sh ortcuts"></a><h2>Application specific shortcuts</h2> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section: iPhoto">edit</a>]</div><a name="iPhoto"></a><h3>iPhoto</h3> <table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse"> <tbody><tr> <td> command-option-backspace </td><td> delete pictures from the library from wi thin an album </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-1,2,3,4,5 </td><td> rate picture </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Edit section: iTunes">edit</a>]</div><a name="iTunes"></a><h3>iTunes</h3> <table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse"> <tbody><tr> <td> command-option-backspace </td><td> delete songs from the library from withi n a playlist </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-B </td><td> show browser </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-L </td><td> highlight currently playing track </td></tr> <tr> <td> command-shift-R </td><td> reveal currently playing track in Finder (was com mand-R until iTunes 10) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Edit section: MS Office 2004">edit</a>]</div><a name="MS_Office_2004"></a><h3>MS Office 2004< /h3> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Edit section: Word 2004">edit</a>]</div><a name="Word_2004"></a><h4>Word 2004</h4> <table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse"> <tbody><tr> <td> Insert Bullet</td><td> </td></tr> <tr> <td> Clear Formatting</td><td> Cntrl + Spacebar </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="Edit section: Powerpoint 2004">edit</a>]</div><a name="Powerpoint_2004"></a><h4>Powerpoint 20 04</h4> <table border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse"> <tbody><tr> <td> page down while in normal view, cursor in the slide window (not notes or ou tline)</td><td> next slide </td></tr> <tr> <td> F6/fn-F6</td><td> toggle between Slide, Outline, and notes windows </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-shift-S </td><td> start slide show from first slide </td></tr> <tr> <td> control-shift-B </td><td> start slide show from current slide </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="Edit section: Powerpoint 2008">edit</a>]</div><a name="Powerpoint_2008"></a><h4>Powerpoint 20 08</h4> <p>F6/fn-F6 toggle has a bug where it occasionally jumps to the first slide inst ead of toggling cursor. </p> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="Edit section: Universal Access">edit</a>]</div><a name="Universal_Access"></a><h2>Universal A ccess</h2> <p>See the <a href="/Universal_Access" title="Universal Access">Universal Access </a> article for keyboard shortcuts. </p> <div class="editsection" style="float:right;margin-left:5px;">[<a href="/index.p hp?title=Keyboard_shortcuts&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="Edit section: Links">edit</a>]</div><a name="Links"></a><h2> Links </h2> <ul><li><a href="http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=75459" class="ex ternal text" title="http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=75459" rel="n ofollow">Apple Shortcuts Document</a> </li><li><a href="http://developer.apple.com/documentation/UserExperience/Concep tual/OSXHIGuidelines/XHIGKeyboardShortcuts/chapter_20_section_1.html#//apple_ref /doc/uid/TP40002725-CHDIGFBH" class="external text" title="http://developer.appl e.com/documentation/UserExperience/Conceptual/OSXHIGuidelines/XHIGKeyboardShortc uts/chapter_20_section_1.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40002725-CHDIGFBH" rel="nofo llow">Keyboard Shortcuts Quick Reference in the <i>Apple Human Interface Guideli nes</i></a> </li><li><a href="http://www.danrodney.com/mac" class="external text" title="htt p://www.danrodney.com/mac" rel="nofollow">Extensive List of Mac Keyboard Shortcu ts by Dan Rodney</a> </li><li><a href="http://www.osxkeyboardshortcuts.com/index.html" class="externa l text" title="http://www.osxkeyboardshortcuts.com/index.html" rel="nofollow">OS X Keyboard Shortcuts</a> </li><li><a href="http://davespicks.com/writing/programming/mackeys.html#boot" c lass="external text" title="http://davespicks.com/writing/programming/mackeys.ht ml#boot" rel="nofollow">An exhaustive list of Finder shortcuts</a> </li></ul> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key mrdb_wikidb:pcache:idhash:1525-0!1!0!0!!en!2 and timestamp 20120726215157 --> <div class="printfooter"> Retrieved from "<a href="http://guides.macrumors.com/Keyboard_shortcuts">http:// guides.macrumors.com/Keyboard_shortcuts</a>"</div> <div id="catlinks"><p class="catlinks"><a href="/index.p hp?title=Special:Categories&amp;article=Keyboard_shortcuts" title="Special:Categ ories">Category</a>: <span dir="ltr"><a 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