Indian National Movements (1905 – 1916) – Swadeshi Movement, Rise of Extremism & Minto- Morley Reforms Iasmania - Civil Services Preparation Online ! UPSC & IAS Study Material

1/8/2018 Indian National Movements (1905 – 1916) – Swadeshi Movement, Rise of Extremism & Minto- Morley Reforms Iasmania - CivilServices Prepara… Economy Polity Art & Culture Environment History Geography IR & Security Ethics & Essay Sci-Tech Social Issues Cu Books IAS Free Test Series UPSC Exam Info Contact us Indian National Movements (1905 – 1916) – Swadeshi Movement, Rise of Extremism & Minto- Morley Reforms Causes for the Rise of Extremism Failure of the Moderates to win any notable success other than the expansion of the legislative councils by the Indian Councils Act (1892) An all India famine in 1896, British did not take any famine relief measures approximately 90 lakh people died; moderates were unable to force British to take any measures. Russo-Japanese war of 1904-05 in which Japan defeated the European power Russia. This encouraged Indians to fight against the European nation, Britain. Immediate cause → Reactionary rule of Lord Curzon Calcutta Corporation Act, (1899) reducing the Indian control of this local body Universities Act (1904) reduced the elected members in the University bodies & reduced the autonomy of the universities and made them government departments Sedition Act and the Official Secrets Act (1904) reduced the freedoms of people & press His worst measure was the Partition of Bengal (1905) Partition of Bengal Partition of Bengal in 1905 provided a spark for the rise of extremism in the Indian National Movement. The official reason given for the decision was that Bengal with a population of 78 million (about a quarter of the population of British India) had become too big to be administered. Tiger Disha hot bodies Disha Patani And Tiger Shroff Flaunt Their Perfect Bodies … Ad Indiatimes.com Learn more https://iasmania.com/indian-national-movements-1905-1916-swadeshi-movement-rise-of-extremism-minto-morley-reforms/ 1/6 courts. aggressive nationalists forced Dadabhai Naoroji to speak of Swaraj (which was not a Moderate demand) in the Calcutta Session of Congress in 1906 The Extremist emboldened by Dadabhai Naoroji’s declaration gave a call for passive resistance in addition to swadeshi and boycott of foreign goods This included boycott of government schools and colleges.Morley Reforms Iasmania . Extremists came out of the Congress led by Tilak and others Swadeshi Movement (Vandemataram movement) It was both a political and economic movement Involved programmes like the boycott of government service. courts. Surat Split. The Moderate-Extremist dispute over techniques led to a split in the Congress at the Surat session in 1907.Civil Services Prepara… This was true to some extent but Curzon’s real motives were - To break the growing strength of Bengali nationalism since Bengal was the base of Indian nationalism. To divide the Hindus and Muslims in Bengal. schools and colleges and of foreign goods https://iasmania.com/indian-national-movements-1905-1916-swadeshi-movement-rise-of-extremism-minto-morley-reforms/ 2/6 . meeting in 1905 under the presidency of Gokhale.1/8/2018 Indian National Movements (1905 – 1916) – Swadeshi Movement. government titles. Lajpat Rai. etc. The Indian National Congress. municipalities. To show the enormous power of the British Government in doing whatever it liked Declaration of Swaraj & Beginning of Swadeshi Movement The Swadeshi Movement had its genesis. government service. However. resolved to condemn the partition of Bengal and the reactionary policies of Curzon support the anti-partition and Swadeshi Movement of Bengal The militant nationalists led by Tilak. But the Moderates. 1907 The Moderate Congressmen were unhappy as they wanted Swaraj to be achieved through constitutional methods. were not willing to go that far. popularly known as the famous Surat Split. legislative councils. Rise of Extremism & Minto. in the anti-partition movement which was started to oppose the British decision to partition Bengal. Bipin Chandra Pal and Aurobindo Ghosh wanted the movement to be taken outside Bengal to other parts of the country and go beyond a boycott of foreign goods to become a full-fledged political mass struggle with the goal of attaining swaraj. dominating the Congress at that time. beating. There was severe government repression. the All India Muslim League was propped up in 1907 as an anti-Congress front Formation of the Muslim League (1906) Muslim delegates from all over India met at Dacca for the Muslim Educational Conference.1/8/2018 Indian National Movements (1905 – 1916) – Swadeshi Movement. Pal & Aurobindo Ghosh were imprisoned and deported. It was difficult to sustain a mass-based movement at a high pitch for too long. Noteworthy Points Some of the Muslims participated—Barrister Abdul Rasul. magnified by the Surat split (1907). The movement failed to create an effective organisation or a party structure. st Their 1 achievement was the separate electorates for Muslims in the Minto-Morley reforms. —was to be taken against them. Guznavi. Extremist leaders Lal. Famous Extremist Leaders https://iasmania. Maulana Azad But most of the upper and middle class Muslims stayed away or.com/indian-national-movements-1905-1916-swadeshi-movement-rise-of-extremism-minto-morley-reforms/ 3/6 . The movement was rendered leaderless with most of the leaders either arrested or deported by 1908 Aurobindo-Ghosh and Bipin Chandra Pal retired from active politics. Non-cooperation and passive resistance remained mere ideas. Bal. arrest. Liaqat Hussain. Decline of Swadeshi Movement By 1908. Rise of Extremism & Minto. 1906.Morley Reforms Iasmania . and failed to reach the masses—especially the peasantry. Like the Indian National Congress.Civil Services Prepara… Promotion of Swadeshi goods Promotion of National Education through the establishment of national schools and colleges Landlords. etc. did much harm to the movement. The movement largely remained confined to the upper and middle classes and zamindars. The movement aroused the people but did not know how to tap the newly released energy or how to find new forms to give expression to popular resentment. the open phase (as different from the underground revolutionary phase) of the movement was almost over due to many reasons viz. The proposal was accepted & All-India Muslim League was finally set up on December 30. Taking advantage of this occasion. Nawab Salimullah of Dacca proposed the setting up of an organisation to look after the Muslim interests. expulsion. led by Nawab Salimullah of Dacca They supported the partition on the plea that it would give them a Muslim-majority East Bengal To further government interests. Internal squabbles among leaders. and disciplinary action— fine. Women and students actively participated & Students refused using books made of foreign paper Absence of participation of Peasants as well as industrialists Government Measures The cry of Bande Mataram was forbidden by government Restriction on public meetings & suppression of freedom of the press Schools & colleges were warned not to allow their students to take part in the movement or else their aid would be stopped Students who were found guilty of participation were to be disqualified for government jobs or for government scholarships. they conducted annual sessions and put their demands to the British government. Rise of Extremism & Minto. Methods & Achievements Objective To attain Swaraj or self-government Methods No faith in the British sense of justice Believed that political rights will have to be fought for Had the spirit of self-reliance and self-determination Not cooperating with the British Government by boycotting government courts. After his release he settled in the French territory of Pondicherry and concentrated on spiritual activities Extremists – Objective.Civil Services Prepara… Bal Gangadhar Titled as Lokmanya Tilak Regarded as the real founder of the popular anti-British movement in India Attacked the British through his weeklies The Mahratta and the Kesari Collaborated with Agarkar. st 1 to involve the masses in the freedom struggle. schools and colleges Promotion of Swadeshi and boycott of foreign goods Introduction and promotion of national education st Achievements 1 to demand Swaraj as a matter of birth right. Lathi clubs and anti – cow killing societies to built his rapport Was deported to Mandalay on the ground of sedition for 6 years in 1908 Set up the Home Rule League in 1916 at Poona and declared “Swaraj is my birth-right and I will have it.Morley Reforms Iasmania . https://iasmania. Shivaji festivals (started in 1896) Valentine Shirol described him as the ‘Father of Indian Unrest’ Famous books → The Arctic Home of Vedas & Gita Rahasya Lala Lajpat Rai Titled as Lion of Punjab founded the Indian Home Rule League in the US in 1916 Deported to Mandalay on the ground of sedition Received fatal injuries while leading a procession against the Simon Commission and died on November 17.com/indian-national-movements-1905-1916-swadeshi-movement-rise-of-extremism-minto-morley-reforms/ 4/6 .1/8/2018 Indian National Movements (1905 – 1916) – Swadeshi Movement. Preached nationalism through the nook and corner of Indians by his powerful speeches and writings Aurobindo Ghosh Another extremist leader who actively participated in Swadeshi Movement & imprisoned. 1928 Bipin Chandra Pal Began his career as a moderate and turned an extremist. and set up institutions to give cheap education to people Started Akharas.” Build up anti-imperialist sentiments among the public through Ganapati festivals (started in 1893). One Indian was to be appointed to the viceroy’s executive council (Satyendra Sinha was the first to be appointed in 1909) Two Indians were also appointed to the India Council [in England] Tiger Disha hot bodies Disha Patani And Tiger Shroff Flaunt Their Perfect Bodies While Holidaying In Maldives! Ad Indiatimes.. vote separate items in the budget but the budget as a whole could not be voted upon. Rise of Extremism & Minto.com iasmania. The important provisions of this Act were – The number of elected members in the Imperial Legislative Council and the Provincial Legislative Councils was increased The elected members were to be indirectly elected.1/8/2018 Indian National Movements (1905 – 1916) – Swadeshi Movement.. Poona Movements (1905 – 1916) Indian Councils Act.com iasmania. met Lord Minto & demanded separate electorates for the Muslims. Demand for Purna. ask questions & supplementaries.com https://iasmania.. Kheda.com Learn more "We Request you to shop on Amazon or Flipkart using links given below to help us earn Referral Commission" SHOP ON AMAZON SHOP ON FLIPKART Steamy Sunny Leone Ad Indian National Government of India Act. Iasmania Upsurge. led by the Agha Khan.com iasmania. Communal Award.. Ad indiatimes. Nehru Report & Table Conferences. Separate electorates for the Muslims.com iasmania.. the Swadeshi Movement Minto. initially floated by Nawab Salimullah of Dacca. representation in excess of the strength of their population Powers of legislatures both at the center and in provinces were enlarged The legislatures could now pass resolutions (which may not be accepted).. The local bodies were to elect an electoral college..com iasmania. which in turn would elect members of provincial legislatures.com iasmania. Non.com Civil Disobedience Emergence of Gandhi in Indus Valley Civilization Anti Simon Commission movement & Round India – Champaran.. The same group quickly took over the Muslim League.com/indian-national-movements-1905-1916-swadeshi-movement-rise-of-extremism-minto-morley-reforms/ 5/6 . Muslim League intended to preach loyalty to the empire and to keep the Muslim intelligentsia away from the Congress. iasmania..Morley Reforms of 1909 (Government of India Act of 1909) In 1906. a group of Muslim elites called the Shimla deputation.. who in turn would elect members of the central legislature. viz.Civil Services Prepara… st 1 to organize an all-India political movement.Morley Reforms Iasmania . Lytton Iasmania India Act of 1935.. Lord Pact & Government of – First World War. com/indian-national-movements-1905-1916-swadeshi-movement-rise-of-extremism-minto-morley-reforms/ 6/6 .Civil Services Prepara… Leave a Reply Your email address will not be published. Rise of Extremism & Minto.com . 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