®ICL7106, ICL7107, ICL7107S Data Sheet December 1, 2005 FN3082.8 3 1/2 Digit, LCD/LED Display, A/D Converters The Intersil ICL7106 and ICL7107 are high performance, low power, 31/2 digit A/D converters. Included are seven segment decoders, display drivers, a reference, and a clock. The ICL7106 is designed to interface with a liquid crystal display (LCD) and includes a multiplexed backplane drive; the ICL7107 will directly drive an instrument size light emitting diode (LED) display. The ICL7106 and ICL7107 bring together a combination of high accuracy, versatility, and true economy. It features autozero to less than 10µV, zero drift of less than 1µV/oC, input bias current of 10pA (Max), and rollover error of less than one count. True differential inputs and reference are useful in all systems, but give the designer an uncommon advantage when measuring load cells, strain gauges and other bridge type transducers. Finally, the true economy of single power supply operation (ICL7106), enables a high performance panel meter to be built with the addition of only 10 passive components and a display. Features • Guaranteed Zero Reading for 0V Input on All Scales • True Polarity at Zero for Precise Null Detection • 1pA Typical Input Current • True Differential Input and Reference, Direct Display Drive - LCD ICL7106, LED lCL7107 • Low Noise - Less Than 15µVP-P • On Chip Clock and Reference • Low Power Dissipation - Typically Less Than 10mW • No Additional Active Circuits Required • Enhanced Display Stability • Pb-Free Plus Anneal Available (RoHS Compliant) Ordering Information PART NO. ICL7106CPL ICL7106CPLZ (Note 2) ICL7106CM44 ICL7106CM44Z (Note 2) ICL7106CM44ZT (Note 2) ICL7107CPL ICL7107CPLZ (Note 2) ICL7107RCPL ICL7107RCPLZ (Note 2) ICL7107SCPL ICL7107SCPLZ (Note 2) ICL7107CM44 ICL7107CM44T ICL7107CM44Z (Note 2) ICL7107CM44ZT (Note 2) NOTES: 1. “R” indicates device with reversed leads for mounting to PC board underside. “S” indicates enhanced stability. 2. Intersil Pb-free plus anneal products employ special Pb-free material sets; molding compounds/die attach materials and 100% matte tin plate termination finish, which are RoHS compliant and compatible with both SnPb and Pb-free soldering operations. Intersil Pb-free products are MSL classified at Pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the Pb-free requirements of IPC/JEDEC J STD-020. 3. Pb-free PDIPs can be used for through hole wave solder processing only. They are not intended for use in Reflow solder processing applications. PART MARKING ICL7106CPL ICL7106CPLZ ICL7106CM44 ICL7106CM44Z ICL7106CM44Z ICL7107CPL ICL7107CPLZ ICL7107RCPL ICL7107RCPLZ ICL7107SCPL ICL7107SCPLZ ICL7107CM44 ICL7107CM44 ICL7107CM44Z ICL7107CM44Z TEMP. RANGE (°C) 0 to 70 0 to 70 0 to 70 0 to 70 0 to 70 0 to 70 0 to 70 0 to 70 0 to 70 0 to 70 0 to 70 0 to 70 0 to 70 0 to 70 0 to 70 40 Ld PDIP 40 Ld PDIP(Pb-free) (Note 3) 44 Ld MQFP 44 Ld MQFP (Pb-free) PACKAGE PKG. DWG. # E40.6 E40.6 Q44.10x10 Q44.10x10 44 Ld MQFP Tape and Reel (Pb-free) Q44.10x10 40 Ld PDIP 40 Ld PDIP(Pb-free) (Note 3) 40 Ld PDIP (Note 1) 40 Ld PDIP (Pb-free) (Notes 1, 3) 40 Ld PDIP (Notes 1, 3) 40 Ld PDIP (Pb-free) (Notes 1, 3) 44 Ld MQFP 44 Ld MQFP Tape and Reel 44 Ld MQFP (Pb-free) E40.6 E40.6 E40.6 E40.6 E40.6 E40.6 Q44.10x10 Q44.10x10 Q44.10x10 44 Ld MQFP Tape and Reel (Pb-free) Q44.10x10 1 CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures. 1-888-INTERSIL or 1-888-468-3774 | Intersil (and design) is a registered trademark of Intersil Americas Inc. Copyright Intersil Americas Inc. 2002, 2004, 2005. All Rights Reserved All other trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. ICL7107S Pinouts ICL7106.8 . ICL7107.ICL7106. ICL7107 (PDIP) TOP VIEW V+ D1 C1 B1 (1’s) A1 F1 G1 E1 D2 C2 (10’s) B2 A2 F2 E2 D3 (100’s) B3 F3 E3 (1000) AB4 (MINUS) POL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 40 OSC 1 39 OSC 2 38 OSC 3 37 TEST 36 REF HI 35 REF LO 34 CREF+ 33 CREF32 COMMON 31 IN HI 30 IN LO 29 A-Z 28 BUFF 27 INT 26 V25 G2 (10’s) 24 C3 23 A3 22 G3 21 BP/GND (100’s) (100’s) OSC 1 OSC 2 OSC 3 TEST REF HI REF LO CREF+ CREFCOMMON IN HI IN LO A-Z BUFF INT VG2 (10’s) C3 A3 G3 BP/GND 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 40 V+ 39 D1 38 C1 37 B1 36 A1 35 F1 34 G1 33 E1 32 D2 31 C2 30 B2 29 A2 28 F2 27 E2 26 D3 25 B3 24 F3 23 E3 22 (1000) AB4 21 POL (MINUS) (100’s) (10’s) (1’s) ICL7107R (PDIP) TOP VIEW ICL7106. ICL7107 (MQFP) TOP VIEW COMMON REF LO REF HI CREF+ CREF- IN LO BUFF IN HI A-Z INT NC NC TEST OSC 3 NC OSC 2 OSC 1 V+ D1 C1 B1 1 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 2 32 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 V- NC G2 C3 A3 G3 BP/GND POL AB4 E3 F3 B3 10 11 23 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 A1 F1 G1 E1 D2 C2 B2 A2 F2 E2 D3 2 FN3082. . . . . .8 1. . . θJA is measured with the component mounted on a low effective thermal conductivity test board in free air. . . . -65oC to 150oC Maximum Lead Temperature (Soldering 10s) . . . .4 - ±0. . .0 ±000. . . Electrical Specifications PARAMETER SYSTEM PERFORMANCE Zero Input Reading (Note 3) TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT VIN = 0. . . . . Operating Conditions Temperature Range . . . (Ext. . . . . . .2 50 15 1 0. . . . . . . Full Scale = 200mV Fixed Input Voltage (Note 6) VlN = VREF . . . . . . . .0 +000. . Ref.8 . . . . . . .0 1000 ±1 Digital Reading Digital Reading Digital Reading Counts Stability (Last Digit) (ICL7106S.= 9V (Note 4) 25kΩ Between Common and Positive Supply (With Respect to + Supply) 25kΩ Between Common and Positive Supply (With Respect to + Supply) 4 5. . TEST to V+ ICL7107 .2 1 1. . .ICL7106. . . . . . . . . . . . ICL7107. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 3. . . .0 -000. . . . . . 2. . -9V Analog Input Voltage (Either Input) (Note 1) .5 6 V 3 FN3082. Full Scale = 200mV (Peak-To-Peak Value Not Exceeded 95% of Time) VlN = 0 (Note 5) VlN = 0. . . . . .0 999/10 00 ±0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . This is a stress only rating and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. . Input voltages may exceed the supply voltages provided the input current is limited to ±100µA. . . . . . . . .8 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See Tech Brief TB379 for details. 0oC to 70oC CAUTION: Stresses above those listed in “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. . . . . . . . . . . . . .150oC Maximum Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . VREF = 100mV -VIN = +VlN ≅ 200mV Difference in Reading for Equal Positive and Negative Inputs Near Full Scale Full Scale = 200mV or Full Scale = 2V Maximum Deviation from Best Straight Line Fit (Note 5) VCM = 1V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 MQFP Package . . . . .0 80 ±1 10 1 5 1. V+ to VReference Input Voltage (Either Input). . . . . . . . . . . . . 0oC To 70oC (Note 5) VIN = 199mV. 75 Maximum Junction Temperature . . . .6V ICL7107. . . . . . . . . 0ppm/× oC) (Note 5) VIN = 0 (Does Not Include LED Current for ICL7107) -000.15V ICL7107. . . . . . . V. . . V+ to VClock Input ICL7106 .0 0. . . . . ICL7107S Only) Ratiometric Reading Rollover Error Linearity Common Mode Rejection Ratio Noise Leakage Current Input Zero Reading Drift Scale Factor Temperature Coefficient End Power Supply Character V+ Supply Current 2. 0oC To 70oC.300oC (MQFP . ICL7107S Absolute Maximum Ratings Supply Voltage ICL7106. . . . . . . . . . . GND to V+ Thermal Information Thermal Resistance (Typical. . . .Lead Tips Only) NOTE: Pb-free PDIPs can be used for through hole wave solder processing only. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 - Counts µV/V µV pA µV/oC ppm/oC mA mA V ppm/oC End Power Supply Character V. . . . . . . . . .2 +000. . . .Supply Current ICL7107 Only COMMON Pin Analog Common Voltage Temperature Coefficient of Analog Common DISPLAY DRIVER ICL7106 ONLY Peak-To-Peak Segment Drive Voltage Peak-To-Peak Backplane Drive Voltage V+ = to V. . . . . . . . . NOTES: 1. . . . . . V+ to GND . . Note 2) θJA (oC/W) PDIP Package . . . . . . . . . . . They are not intended for use in Reflow solder processing applications.0V. . . . . . . Full Scale = 200mV (Note 5) VIN = 0V. . . . . . . . . .to GND . . . . .0 999 - ±000. . . . V+ to V. . . VIN = 0V. . . . Average DC component is less than 50mV.22µF C4 = 100pF C5 = 0.22µF C4 = 100pF C5 = 0.1µF C2 = 0. 180 degrees out of phase for “on” segment. Back plane drive is in phase with segment drive for “off” segment. ICL7107.47µF C3 = 0.1µF C2 = 0.8 + IN - 9V . ICL7106 TEST CIRCUIT AND TYPICAL APPLICATION WITH LCD DISPLAY COMPONENTS SELECTED FOR 200mV FULL SCALE +5V R5 C1 C5 C2 R2 C3 DISPLAY + IN - -5V R1 R3 OSC 1 40 OSC 2 39 OSC 3 38 C4 TEST 37 R4 BP 21 REF HI 36 REF LO 35 CREF+ 34 CREF.33 COM 32 IN HI 31 IN LO 30 A-Z 29 BUFF 28 INT 27 V. specifications apply to both the ICL7106 and ICL7107 at TA = 25oC. Not tested. ICL7107 is tested in the circuit of Figure 2.26 G2 25 C3 24 A3 23 G3 22 ICL7106 20 POL 19 AB4 G1 D1 C1 B1 A1 D2 10 C2 11 B2 12 A2 15 D3 16 B3 V+ E1 14 E2 18 E3 F1 13 F2 17 F3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 DISPLAY FIGURE 1. Unless otherwise noted. 4. Segment Voltage = 3V 5 10 4 8 16 7 mA mA mA (Note 3) (Continued) TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT Typical Applications and Test Circuits + R1 R3 OSC 1 40 OSC 2 39 OSC 3 38 C4 TEST 37 R4 C1 R5 C5 C2 R2 C3 DISPLAY REF HI 36 REF LO 35 CREF+ 34 CREF.47µF C3 = 0.26 G2 25 C3 24 A3 23 G3 22 ICL7107 20 POL 19 AB4 G1 D1 C1 B1 A1 D2 10 C2 11 B2 12 A2 15 D3 16 B3 V+ E1 14 E2 18 E3 F1 13 F2 17 F3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 DISPLAY FIGURE 2.33 COM 32 IN HI 31 IN LO 30 A-Z 29 BUFF 28 INT 27 V. ICL7106 is tested in the circuit of Figure 1. ICL7107S Electrical Specifications PARAMETER DISPLAY DRIVER ICL7107 ONLY Segment Sinking Current Except Pins AB4 and POL Pin AB4 Only Pin POL Only NOTES: 3.ICL7106. guaranteed by design. 6. 5. fCLOCK = 48kHz.02µF R1 = 24kΩ R2 = 47kΩ R3 = 100kΩ R4 = 1kΩ R5 = 1MΩ C1 = 0.02µF R1 = 24kΩ R2 = 47kΩ R3 = 100kΩ R4 = 1kΩ R5 = 1MΩ FN3082. Sample Tested. Frequency is 20 times conversion rate. ICL7107 TEST CIRCUIT AND TYPICAL APPLICATION WITH LED DISPLAY COMPONENTS SELECTED FOR 200mV FULL SCALE 4 GND 21 C1 = 0. V+ = 5V. 5V • ICL7106 DISPLAY: LCD Type: Direct drive with digital logic supply amplitude. VINT (Typ) = 2V Typical Integrator Amplifier Output Waveform (INT Pin) AUTO ZERO PHASE (COUNTS) 2999 . ROSC > 50kΩ fOSC (Typ) = 48kHz • OSCILLATOR PERIOD tOSC = RC/0.5V) < VINT < (V+ .45/RC COSC > 50pF.1999 COUNTS TOTAL CONVERSION TIME = 4000 x tCLOCK = 16.5V). ICL7107S Design Information Summary Sheet • OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY fOSC = 0. • VCOM ≅ V+ .45 • INTEGRATION CLOCK FREQUENCY fCLOCK = fOSC/4 • INTEGRATION PERIOD tINT = 1000 x (4/fOSC) • 60/50Hz REJECTION CRITERION tINT/t60Hz or tlNT/t60Hz = Integer • OPTIMUM INTEGRATION CURRENT IINT = 4µA • FULL SCALE ANALOG INPUT VOLTAGE VlNFS (Typ) = 200mV or 2V • INTEGRATE RESISTOR V INFS R INT = ---------------I INT • DISPLAY COUNT V IN COUNT = 1000 × -------------V REF • CONVERSION CYCLE tCYC = tCL0CK x 4000 tCYC = tOSC x 16.01µF < CAZ < 1µF • REFERENCE CAPACITOR 0.2.< ≅6. • ICL7106 POWER SUPPLY: SINGLE 9V V+ .= 9V Digital supply is generated internally VGND ≅ V+ . tCYC = 333ms • COMMON MODE INPUT VOLTAGE (V.1000 SIGNAL INTEGRATE PHASE FIXED 1000 COUNTS DE-INTEGRATE PHASE 0 .8 .0. • ICL7107 POWER SUPPLY: DUAL ±5.+ 1V) < VlN < (V+ .8V If VCOM is externally pulled down to (V+ to V-)/2.+ 0.0.1µF < CREF < 1µF • VCOM Biased between Vi and V-.5V) • AUTO-ZERO CAPACITOR 0.8V Regulation lost when V+ to V.V.4.000 x tOSC 5 FN3082.0V V+ = +5V to GND V. ICL7107.= -5V to GND Digital Logic and LED driver supply V+ to GND • ICL7107 DISPLAY: LED Type: Non-Multiplexed Common Anode • INTEGRATE CAPACITOR ( t INT ) ( I INT ) C INT = ------------------------------V INT • INTEGRATOR OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING ( t INT ) ( I INT ) V INT = ------------------------------C INT • VINT MAXIMUM SWING: (V.ICL7106. the VCOM circuit will turn off.000 when fOSC = 48kHz. At the end of this phase. In this range. the AZ accuracy is limited only by the noise of the system. If there is a large common mode voltage. Auto-Zero Phase During auto-zero three things happen. (2) signal integrate (INT) and (3) de-integrate (DE).8V 6. or reference integrate. Since the comparator is included in the loop. input high and low are disconnected from the pins and internally shorted to analog COMMON. For these critical applications the integrator output swing can be reduced to less than the recommended 2V full scale swing with little loss of accuracy.ICL7106. This difference in reference for positive or negative input voltage will give a roll-over error. They are (1) auto-zero (A-Z). the input signal has no return with respect to the converter power supply. care must be exercised to assure the integrator output does not saturate. Specifically the digital reading displayed is: V IN - . This differential voltage can be within a wide common mode range: up to 1V from either supply. Third. IN LO can be tied to analog COMMON to establish the correct common mode voltage. the polarity of the integrated signal is determined. A worst case condition would be a large positive common mode voltage with a near full scale negative differential input voltage.5V below the positive supply to 1V above the negative supply. ICL7107. the offset referred to the input is less than 10µV. Circuitry within the chip ensures that the capacitor will be connected with the correct polarity to cause the integrator output to return to zero. The main source of common mode error is a roll-over voltage caused by the reference capacitor losing or gaining charge to stray capacity on its nodes. and comparator. In any case. If. the reference capacitor is charged to the reference voltage. ICL7107S Detailed Description Analog Section Figure 3 shows the Analog Section for the ICL7106 and ICL7107. The negative input signal drives the integrator positive when most of its swing has been used up by the positive common mode voltage. the auto-zero loop is opened.5 count worst case. The time required for the STRAY CREF+ V+ 10µA 31 IN HI INT DEDE+ INPUT HIGH 34 REF HI 36 A-Z CREF REF LO 35 A-Z + STRAY RINT CREF 33 BUFFER V+ 28 1 29 INTEGRATOR CAZ A-Z CINT INT 27 - + - + - 2. However. (See Component Value Selection. by selecting the reference capacitor such that it is large enough in comparison to the stray capacitance. The integrator output can swing to within 0. the internal short is removed. However. Input low is internally connected to analog COMMON and input high is connected across the previously charged reference capacitor. integrator. the reference capacitor can gain charge (increase voltage) when called up to de-integrate a positive signal but lose charge (decrease voltage) when called up to de-integrate a negative input signal. The converter then integrates the differential voltage between IN HI and IN LO for a fixed time. First.3V of either supply without loss of linearity. Each measurement cycle is divided into three phases.8 . this error can be held to less than 0. ANALOG SECTION OF ICL7106 AND ICL7107 6 FN3082. on the other hand.2V A-Z TO DIGITAL SECTION A-Z N 32 COMMON INT 30 IN LO VA-Z AND DE(±) INPUT LOW DE+ DE+ - COMPARATOR FIGURE 3. output to return to zero is proportional to the input signal. Differential Reference The reference voltage can be generated anywhere within the power supply voltage of the converter. or specifically from 0. the system has a CMRR of 86dB typical. a feedback loop is closed around the system to charge the auto-zero capacitor CAZ to compensate for offset voltages in the buffer amplifier. DISPLAY COUNT = 1000 ------------- V REF Differential Input The input can accept differential voltages anywhere within the common mode range of the input amplifier. and the internal input high and low are connected to the external pins.) De-Integrate Phase The final phase is de-integrate. Signal Integrate Phase During signal integrate. Second. On the ICL7106 it is coupled to the internally generated digital supply through a 500Ω resistor. and package thermal resistance can increase noise near full scale from 25µV to 80µVP-P. so COMMON may easily be tied to a more negative voltage thus overriding the internal reference. In either case. USING AN EXTERNAL REFERENCE TEST The TEST pin serves two functions. analog COMMON is tied to an N-Channel FET that can sink approximately 30mA of current to hold the voltage 2. however. With the ICL7107. However. However. as shown in Figure 4. Thus it can be used as the negative supply for externally generated segment drivers such as decimal points or any other presentation the user may want to include on the LCD display. and a temperature coefficient typically less than 80ppm/×oC. internal chip dissipation.001%/V). Figures 5 and 6 show such an application. This may burn the LCD display if maintained for extended periods. plastic parts are poorer in this respect than ceramic. Also the linearity in going from a high dissipation count such as 1000 (20 segments on) to a low dissipation count such as 1111(8 segments on) can suffer by a count or more. Due to their higher thermal resistance.ICL7106. The same holds true for the reference voltage. Within the lC. This is selected to give a minimum end-of-life battery voltage of about 6V.8V ZENER IZ V+ ICL7106 ICL7107 V- FIGURE 4A. there is only 10µA of source current. If IN LO is different from analog COMMON. All these problems are of course eliminated if an external reference is used. the internal heating which results from the LED drivers can cause some degradation in performance. CAUTION: In the lamp test mode.2V REFERENCE FIGURE 4B. Devices with a positive TC reference may require several counts to pull out of an over-range condition. the segments have a constant DC voltage (no square-wave).8 7 . units with a negative TC may cycle between over-range and a non-overrange count as the die alternately heats and cools. If reference can be conveniently tied to analog COMMON. However. The TEST pin will sink about 15mA under these conditions. When TEST is pulled high (to V+) all segments will be turned on and the display should read “1888”.8V more negative than the positive supply. suffers from none of these problems. ICL7107. thus removing the common mode voltage from the converter. in some applications IN LO will be set at a fixed known voltage (power supply common for instance). Analog COMMON is also used as the input low return during auto-zero and de-integrate. This is because over-range is a low dissipation mode.8V below the positive supply (when a load is trying to pull the common line positive). The COMMON pin sets a voltage that is approximately 2. V+ V ICL7106 ICL7107 REF HI REF LO COMMON 20kΩ 6. In this application.8kΩ ICL8069 1. the COMMON voltage will have a low voltage coefficient (0. FN3082. with its negligible dissipation. V+ 1MΩ TO LCD DECIMAL POINT ICL7106 BP TEST 21 37 TO LCD BACKPLANE FIGURE 5. with the three least significant digits blanked. SIMPLE INVERTER FOR FIXED DECIMAL POINT The second function is a “lamp test”. analog COMMON has some of the attributes of a reference voltage. ICL7107S Analog COMMON This pin is included primarily to set the common mode voltage for battery operation (ICL7106) or for any system where the input signals are floating with respect to the power supply. it should be since this removes the common mode voltage from the reference system. When the total supply voltage is large enough to cause the zener to regulate (>7V). The limitations of the on chip reference should also be recognized. low output impedance (≅15Ω). FIGURE 4. a common mode voltage exists in the system and is taken care of by the excellent CMRR of the converter. analog COMMON should be tied to the same point. Similarly. V REF HI REF LO 6. an external reference can easily be added. No more than a 1mA load should be applied. The ICL7106. The combination of reference Temperature Coefficient (TC). ICL7107. it has twice the drive capability or 16mA. V+ V+ BP ICL7106 DECIMAL POINT SELECT TO LCD DECIMAL POINTS TEST CD4030 GND FIGURE 6. ICL7107S absorb the relative large capacitive currents when the back plane (BP) voltage is switched. This supply is made stiff to a a b f g e d c b c f a b g e d c e f a b g c d 21 BACKPLANE LCD PHASE DRIVER TYPICAL SEGMENT OUTPUT V+ 0. If IN LO and IN HI are reversed. EXCLUSIVE ‘OR’ GATE FOR DECIMAL POINT DRIVE Digital Section Figures 7 and 8 show the digital section for the ICL7106 and ICL7107.8 . In the ICL7106. The segments are driven at the same frequency and amplitude and are in phase with BP when OFF. Figure 8 is the Digital Section of the ICL7107.2V 500Ω TEST VTH = 1V 37 26 40 OSC 1 OSC 2 39 OSC 3 38 V- FIGURE 7.ICL7106. ICL7106 DIGITAL SECTION 8 FN3082. this indication can be reversed also. an internal digital ground is generated from a 6V Zener diode and a large P-Channel source follower. Since the 1000 output (pin 19) must sink current from two LED segments.5mA SEGMENT OUTPUT 2mA 1000’s COUNTER INTERNAL DIGITAL GROUND TO SWITCH DRIVERS FROM COMPARATOR OUTPUT CLOCK 7 SEGMENT DECODE 7 SEGMENT DECODE 7 SEGMENT DECODE ÷200 LATCH 100’s COUNTER 10’s COUNTER 1’s COUNTER 1 V+ † † THREE INVERTERS ONE INVERTER SHOWN FOR CLARITY ÷4 INTERNAL DIGITAL GROUND LOGIC CONTROL 6. but out of phase when ON.. It is identical to the ICL7106 except that the regulated supply and back plane drive have been eliminated and the segment drive has been increased from 2mA to 8mA. this is a 60Hz square wave with a nominal amplitude of 5V. respectively. For three readings/sec. if desired. The BP frequency is the clock frequency divided by 800. typical for instrument size common anode LED displays. In both devices. the polarity indication is “on” for negative analog inputs. In all cases negligible DC voltage exists across the segments. For 50Hz rejection. the signal integrate cycle should be a multiple of 60Hz.5 readings/second) will reject both 50Hz and 60Hz (also 400Hz and 440Hz). It is then further divided to form the three convert-cycle phases. An R-C oscillator using all three pins. 2. The oscillator frequency is divided by four before it clocks the decade counters. 40 INTERNAL TO PART ÷4 CLOCK 39 38 GND ICL7107 TEST ICL7106 FIGURE 9A. reference de-integrate (0 to 2000 counts) and auto-zero (1000 to 3000 counts). An external oscillator connected to pin 40. 100kHz. Oscillator frequencies of 200kHz. To achieve maximum rejection of 60Hz pickup. 50kHz. 40kHz. auto-zero gets the unused portion of reference de-integrate. 662/3kHz. should be selected.000 counts (16. 48kHz. Figure 9B. INTERNAL TO PART ÷4 CLOCK 40 39 R 38 C RC OSCILLATOR FIGURE 9B. These are signal integrate (1000 counts). CLOCK CIRCUITS 9 FN3082. For three readings/second. Note that 40kHz (2. would be suitable.ICL7106. 80kHz. 120kHz. etc. ICL7107 DIGITAL SECTION System Timing Figure 9 shows the clocking arrangement used in the ICL7106 and ICL7107. 60kHz. an oscillator frequency of 48kHz would be used. ICL7107S a a b f g e d c b c f g e d c e d a b f g c a b 7 SEGMENT DECODE TYPICAL SEGMENT OUTPUT V+ 0. FIGURE 9. Figure 9A. etc. This makes a complete measure cycle of 4.000 clock pulses) independent of input voltage. Two basic clocking arrangements can be used: 1. Oscillator frequencies of 240kHz. For signals less than full scale. ICL7107. 40kHz.5mA TO SEGMENT 8mA DIGITAL GROUND TO SWITCH DRIVERS FROM COMPARATOR OUTPUT V+ CLOCK ÷4 1000’s COUNTER 100’s COUNTER 7 SEGMENT DECODE 7 SEGMENT DECODE LATCH 10’s COUNTER 1’s COUNTER 1 V+ LOGIC CONTROL 37 500Ω 27 DIGITAL GROUND TEST † † THREE INVERTERS ONE INVERTER SHOWN FOR CLARITY 40 OSC 1 OSC 2 39 OSC 3 38 FIGURE 8. 331/3kHz.8 . An external reference is used. a 0. For 2V full scale. An additional requirement of the integrating capacitor is that it must have a low dielectric absorption to prevent roll-over errors.3V FIGURE 10. Reference Voltage The analog input required to generate full scale output (2000 counts) is: VlN = 2VREF. a larger value is required to prevent roll-over error. This offset reading can be conveniently generated by connecting the voltage transducer between IN HI and COMMON and the variable (or fixed) offset voltage between COMMON and IN LO. 0. 3.1µF capacitor gives good results in most applications. Instead of dividing the input down to 200mV. ICL7107 Power Supplies The ICL7107 is designed to work from ±5V supplies. these values should be changed in inverse proportion to maintain the same output swing. polypropylene capacitors give undetectable errors at reasonable cost. Another advantage of this system occurs when a digital reading of zero is desired for VIN ≠ 0. See ICL7660 data sheet for an alternative. While other types of capacitors are adequate for this application.= 3. For three readings/second (48kHz clock) nominal values for ClNT are 0. Of course. a ±3. there will exist a scale factor other than unity between the input voltage and the digital reading. Figure 10 shows this application. 2 capacitors.10µF. when the analog COMMON is used as a reference.45 . GENERATING NEGATIVE SUPPLY FROM +5V 10 FN3082.For 48kHz Clock (3 Readings/sec).22µF and 0. For instance. the REF LO pin is not at analog COMMON) and a 200mV scale is used.e. The input signal can be referenced to the center of the common mode range of the converter. Reference Capacitor A 0. if a negative supply is not available. 470kΩ is near optimum and similarly a 47kΩ for a 200mV scale. VREF should equal 100mV and 1V. in many applications where the A/D is connected to a transducer. 2. Thus. However. For 200mV full scale where noise is very important. ICL7107S Component Value Selection Integrating Resistor Both the buffer amplifier and the integrator have a class A output stage with 100µA of quiescent current. Suitable values for integrating resistor and capacitor would be 120kΩ and 0. 0. and an inexpensive lC. in selected applications no negative supply is required. The integrating resistor should be large enough to remain in this very linear region over the input voltage range.5V.047µF capacitor increases the speed of recovery from overload and is adequate for noise on this scale. For the ICL7107 with +5V supplies and analog COMMON tied to supply ground. Generally 1µF will hold the roll-over error to 0. but small enough that undue leakage requirements are not placed on the PC board. in a weighing system.341V. for the 200mV and 2V scale. f = ---------RC C = 100pF.047 µF - V. the designer might like to have a full scale reading when the voltage from the transducer is 0.ICL7106. respectively. if different oscillator frequencies are used. Integrating Capacitor The integrating capacitor should be selected to give the maximum voltage swing that ensures tolerance buildup will not saturate the integrator swing (approximately. Temperature and weighing systems with a variable fare are examples. They can supply 4µA of drive current with negligible nonlinearity. V+ CD4009 V+ OSC 1 OSC 2 OSC 3 ICL7107 GND V1N914 1N914 + 10 µF Oscillator Components For all ranges of frequency a 100kΩ resistor is recommended and the capacitor is selected from the equation: 0.8 . Auto-Zero Capacitor The size of the auto-zero capacitor has some influence on the noise of the system. The signal is less than ±1.5 count in this instance.3V from either supply). In fact.. The ICL7107 with ±5V supplies can accept input signals up to ±4V. where a large common mode voltage exists (i.5V to +4V swing is nominal. However. the designer should use the input voltage directly and select VREF = 0. On the 2V scale. respectively. This makes the system slightly quieter and also avoids a divider network on the input.22µF. a 0. it can be generated from the clock output with 2 diodes. a nominal +2V fullscale integrator swing is fine. ICL7107.662V.47µF capacitor is recommended. In the ICL7106 or the ICL7107. The conditions to use a single +5V supply are: 1. However. 47µF 47kΩ 1kΩ 0. The following application notes contain very useful information on understanding and applying this part and are available from Intersil Corporation. 3 readings/sec. and serve to illustrate the exceptional versatility of these A/D converters.22µF 0.1µF 1MΩ 0.. 3 readings/sec. or GND for single ended inputs.01µF + IN 22kΩ +5V 100pF SET VREF = 100mV 100kΩ TO PIN 1 + 9V - 0. Application Notes NOTE # AN016 AN017 AN018 AN023 AN032 AN046 AN052 DESCRIPTION “Selecting A/D Converters” “The Integrating A/D Converter” “Do’s and Don’ts of Applying A/D Converters” “Low Cost Digital Panel Meter Designs” “Understanding the Auto-Zero and Common Mode Performance of the ICL7136/7/9 Family” “Building a Battery-Operated Auto Ranging DVM with the ICL7106” “Tips for Using Single Chip 31/2 Digit A/D Converters” AN9609 “Overcoming Common Mode Range Issues When Using Intersil Integrating Converters” Typical Applications TO PIN 1 OSC 1 40 OSC 2 39 OSC 3 38 TEST 37 REF HI 36 REF LO 35 CREF 34 CREF 33 COMMON 32 IN HI 31 IN LO 30 A-Z 29 BUFF 28 INT 27 V .26 G2 25 C3 24 A3 23 G3 22 GND 21 TO DISPLAY 0.8 .ICL7106. FIGURE 12. ICL7107. ICL7107S Typical Applications The ICL7106 and ICL7107 may be used in a wide variety of configurations. ICL7107 USING THE INTERNAL REFERENCE FIGURE 11. floating supply voltage (9V battery). ICL7106 USING THE INTERNAL REFERENCE 11 FN3082.47µF 47kΩ 1kΩ 0. Values shown are for 200mV full scale.26 G2 25 C3 24 A3 23 G3 22 BP 21 TO BACKPLANE TO DISPLAY 0.1µF 1MΩ 0. (See discussion under Analog COMMON).22µF -5V Values shown are for 200mV full scale.01µF + IN 22kΩ 100pF SET VREF = 100mV 100kΩ OSC 1 40 OSC 2 39 OSC 3 38 TEST 37 REF HI 36 REF LO 35 CREF 34 CREF 33 COMMON 32 IN HI 31 IN LO 30 A-Z 29 BUFF 28 INT 27 V . IN LO may be tied to either COMMON for inputs floating with respect to supplies. The circuits which follow show some of the possibilities. As in the case of Figure 12. FIGURE 14.047µF 470kΩ 25kΩ 0. the input voltage may float with respect to the power supply and COMMON acts as a pre-regulator for the reference.22µF -5V TO DISPLAY IN LO is tied to supply COMMON establishing the correct common mode voltage. If COMMON is shorted to GND. since the voltage between V+ and V.8 .26 G2 25 C3 24 A3 23 G3 22 BP/GND 21 TO DISPLAY 0.22µF An external reference must be used in this application.26 G2 25 C3 24 A3 23 G3 22 GND 21 0.2V TYPE) TO PIN 1 OSC 1 40 OSC 2 39 OSC 3 38 TEST 37 REF HI 36 REF LO 35 CREF 34 CREF 33 COMMON 32 IN HI 31 IN LO 30 A-Z 29 BUFF 28 INT 27 V .8V.01µF 100kΩ 6. ICL7107 WITH AN EXTERNAL BAND-GAP REFERENCE (1. diode must be placed across the total supply (10V).22µF INT 27 VV .01µF + IN 1kΩ 10kΩ 15kΩ +5V 100pF SET VREF = 100mV 100kΩ - - 0.26 VG2 25 C3 24 A3 23 G3 22 GND 21 TO DISPLAY 0.47µF 47kΩ 0. the input is single ended (referred to supply GND) and the pre-regulator is overridden.1µF 1. FIGURE 13.is insufficient for correct operation of the internal reference.01µF + IN 1kΩ 10kΩ 10kΩ V+ 100pF SET VREF = 100mV (Continued) TO PIN 1 TO PIN 1 OSC 1 40 OSC 2 39 OSC 3 38 TEST 37 REF HI 36 REF LO 35 CREF 34 CREF 33 COMMON 32 IN HI 31 IN LO 30 A-Z 29 BUFF 28 0. ICL7107 OPERATED FROM SINGLE +5V 12 FN3082.47µF 47kΩ 1kΩ 0.22µF 0.1µF 1MΩ 0. ICL7107 WITH ZENER DIODE REFERENCE TO PIN 1 OSC 1 40 OSC 2 39 OSC 3 38 TEST 37 REF HI 36 REF LO 35 CREF 34 CREF 33 COMMON 32 IN HI 31 IN LO 30 A-Z 29 BUFF 28 INT 27 V . IN LO may be tied to either COMMON or GND.47µF 47kΩ 0. ICL7106 AND ICL7107: RECOMMENDED COMPONENT VALUES FOR 2V FULL SCALE FIGURE 16. FIGURE 15.ICL7106.8V + IN +5V 100pF SET VREF = 100mV 100kΩ 100kΩ - - 0.2V (ICL8069) 1MΩ 0.2V (ICL8069) 1MΩ 0.01µF + IN 24kΩ V+ 100pF SET VREF = 1V 100kΩ Since low TC zeners have breakdown voltages ~ 6.1µF 1MΩ 0. ICL7107. ICL7107S Typical Applications OSC 1 40 OSC 2 39 OSC 3 38 TEST 37 REF HI 36 REF LO 35 CREF 34 CREF 33 COMMON 32 IN HI 31 IN LO 30 A-Z 29 BUFF 28 INT 27 V . If COMMON is not shorted to GND.26 G2 25 C3 24 A3 23 G3 22 GND 21 TO DISPLAY 0.1µF 1. LM339 + - O/RANGE 17 F3 18 E3 19 AB4 20 POL 33kΩ + U/RANGE CD4023 OR 74C10 + CD4077 FIGURE 19.26 G2 25 C3 24 A3 23 G3 22 BP 21 V- A silicon diode-connected transistor has a temperature coefficient of about -2mV/oC.01µF 0.1µF 100pF SCALE FACTOR ADJUST 22kΩ 100kΩ 100kΩ 1MΩ 100kΩ 220kΩ The resistor values within the bridge are determined by the desired sensitivity.ICL7106.47µF 47kΩ 9V 0.22µF ZERO ADJUST SILICON NPN MPS 3704 OR SIMILAR 0. ICL7107S Typical Applications OSC 1 40 OSC 2 39 OSC 3 38 TEST 37 REF HI 36 REF LO 35 CREF 34 CREF 33 COMMON 32 IN HI 31 IN LO 30 A-Z 29 BUFF 28 INT 27 V . FIGURE 17.1µF 100pF 100kΩ (Continued) TO PIN 1 V+ TO PIN 1 OSC 1 40 OSC 2 39 OSC 3 38 TEST 37 REF HI 36 REF LO 35 CREF 34 CREF 33 COMMON 32 IN HI 31 IN LO 30 A-Z 29 BUFF 28 INT 27 V . Calibration is achieved by placing the sensing transistor in ice water and adjusting the zeroing potentiometer for a 000. CIRCUIT FOR DEVELOPING UNDERRANGE AND OVERRANGE SIGNAL FROM ICL7106 OUTPUTS FIGURE 20. CIRCUIT FOR DEVELOPING UNDERRANGE AND OVERRANGE SIGNALS FROM ICL7107 OUTPUT 13 FN3082. ICL7106 USED AS A DIGITAL CENTIGRADE THERMOMETER +5V 1 V+ 2 D1 3 C1 4 B1 5 A1 6 F1 TO LOGIC VCC 12kΩ 7 G1 8 E1 9 D2 10 C2 11 B2 12 A2 13 F2 14 E2 15 D3 16 B3 + OSC 1 40 OSC 2 39 OSC 3 38 TEST 37 REF HI 36 REF LO 35 CREF 34 CREF 33 COMMON 32 IN HI 31 IN LO 30 A-Z 29 BUFF 28 INT 27 V.26 G2 25 C3 24 A3 23 G3 22 BP 21 TO BACKPLANE TO DISPLAY 0. The sensor should then be placed in boiling water and the scale-factor potentiometer adjusted for a 100.26 G2 25 C3 24 A3 23 G3 22 GND 21 TO DISPLAY 0.0 reading. ICL7107 MEASUREING RATIOMETRIC VALUES OF QUAD LOAD CELL V+ 1 V+ 2 D1 TO LOGIC VCC 3 C1 4 B1 5 A1 6 F1 7 G1 8 E1 9 D2 10 C2 11 B2 12 A2 13 F2 14 E2 15 D3 16 B3 17 F3 O/RANGE 18 E3 19 AB4 20 POL U/RANGE CD4023 OR 74C10 OSC 1 40 OSC 2 39 OSC 3 38 TEST 37 REF HI 36 REF LO 35 TO CREF 34 LOGIC GND CREF 33 IN HI 31 IN LO 30 A-Z 29 BUFF 28 INT 27 V.22µF 0.26 G2 25 C3 24 A3 23 G3 22 BP 21 V- COMMON 32 The LM339 is required to ensure logic compatibility with heavy display loading.8 . ICL7107. FIGURE 18.0 reading.47µF 47kΩ 0. 1µF 1 µF 4. ICL7107. ICL7107S Typical Applications OSC 1 40 OSC 2 39 OSC 3 38 TEST 37 REF HI 36 REF LO 35 CREF 34 CREF 33 COMMON 32 IN HI 31 IN LO 30 A-Z 29 BUFF 28 INT 27 V .47µF 47kΩ 10µF + 9V 100pF (FOR OPTIMUM BANDWIDTH) 1kΩ 0.8 .3kΩ 0.2MΩ 1N914 100pF (Continued) TO PIN 1 100kΩ 10µF SCALE FACTOR ADJUST (VREF = 100mV FOR AC TO RMS) 5 µF CA3140 + 100kΩ - AC IN 0.26 G2 25 C3 24 A3 23 G3 22 BP 21 TO BACKPLANE TO DISPLAY 0. DISPLAY BUFFERING FOR INCREASED DRIVE CURRENT 14 FN3082. FIGURE 21.22µF 10kΩ 1µF 10kΩ 1 µF 22kΩ 470kΩ 2.22µF Test is used as a common-mode reference level to ensure compatibility with most op amps.ICL7106. AC TO DC CONVERTER WITH ICL7106 +5V DM7407 ICL7107 130Ω 130Ω 130Ω LED SEGMENTS FIGURE 22. E16. 10.39 3.580 A E A2 L A C L -AD BASE PLANE SEATING PLANE D1 B1 B 0.250 0.. 4.381 53. 5.13 15.010 (0.18 0.045 inch (0.08 15 FN3082. eC must be zero or greater. ICL7107S Dual-In-Line Plastic Packages (PDIP) N E1 INDEX AREA 1 2 3 N/2 E40. ICL7107.125 0.200 2.014 0.24 12.ICL7106.005 0. 9. eB and eC are measured at the lead tips with the leads unconstrained. 6.980 0.8 . Dambar protrusions shall not exceed 0.030 0. 0.95 0.485 MAX 0.010 inch (0.93 40 17.008 1.25mm). E42. 3.6 will have a B1 dimension of 0.115 40 0. 8.070 0.2 of Publication No. A1 and L are measured with the package seated in JEDEC seating plane gauge GS-3.625 0. Dimensioning and tolerancing per ANSI Y14. Dimensions A.6 (JEDEC MS-011-AC ISSUE B) 40 LEAD DUAL-IN-LINE PLASTIC PACKAGE INCHES SYMBOL -B- MILLIMETERS MIN 0.25) M D1 A1 A1 A2 -C- B B1 C D D1 E E1 e eA eB L N eA eC C e C A B S eB NOTES: 1.54 BSC 15. E28.022 0.5M-1982.015 2. Controlling Dimensions: INCH.2 15. N/2 and N/2 + 1) for E8.77 0. 95.73 NOTES 4 4 8 5 5 6 5 6 7 4 9 Rev. N is the maximum number of terminal positions.700 0.3. D1.195 0. E and eA are measured with the leads constrained to be perpendicular to datum -C.24 BSC 2.87 14.095 0.204 50. 2.25mm). 7.3. Corner leads (1. N.3. In case of conflict between English and Metric dimensions. and E1 dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusions.600 0.14mm).1.356 0.100 BSC 0.3 0. Symbols are defined in the “MO Series Symbol List” in Section 2.558 1.3. 0 12/93 MIN 0.0. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.78 5.76 .030 . D. the inch dimensions control.35 4.015 0.010 inch (0.32 MAX 6.77 0. B1 maximum dimensions do not include dambar protrusions. E18.600 BSC 0. Converted inch dimensions are not necessarily exact.S..08mm (0.23 0.004 0. Allowable protrusion is 0. Dimensions D1 and E1 to be determined at datum plane -H. 4.45 0.73 44 0.005/0. 3.012 0.007 BASE METAL WITH PLATING E1 L N e -H- L 12o-16o All Intersil U.016 MIN 0o MIN 0o-7o A2 A1 0. 5.10 1.com/design/quality Intersil products are sold by description only. For information regarding Intersil Corporation and its products. 6. 0. Dimension b does not include dambar protrusion.13/0.389 0. Information furnished by Intersil is believed to be accurate and reliable. Controlling dimension: MILLIMETER. 2 4/99 NOTES: 1.018 0. see www.008 C A-B S -CD S b b1 0. no responsibility is assumed by Intersil or its subsidiaries for its use.17 0.10x10 (JEDEC MS-022AB ISSUE B) 44 LEAD METRIC PLASTIC QUAD FLATPACK PACKAGE INCHES SYMBOL A A1 MIN 0.010 0.30 10. 5 7 Rev.003 inch) total. Allowable dambar protrusion shall be 0. products are manufactured.390 0.10 9.20 M 0.ICL7106.077 0.398 0.524 0.399 0. However.25 2.10 1.009 -AE E1 -B- A2 b b1 D D1 E e PIN 1 SEATING A PLANE 0.016 0.25mm (0.076 0.03 NOTES 6 3 4.029 44 0.003 12o-16o 0.08 9. the reader is cautioned to verify that data sheets are current before placing orders.30 13.083 0.040 MILLIMETERS MIN 0.10 0.90 0.95 0.40 0. 5 3 4.40 13. 7.intersil.12 13. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Intersil or its subsidiaries. Dimensions D and E to be determined at seating plane -C. Intersil Corporation reserves the right to make changes in circuit design. Intersil Corporation’s quality certifications can be viewed at www.80 BSC MAX 2. ICL7107. Accordingly.005/0. 2.012 0.30 0. nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use.032 BSC MAX 0.516 0. All dimensions and tolerances per ANSI Y14.32 10..5M-1982. software and/or specifications at any time without notice.096 0. “N” is the number of terminal positions.010 inch) per side. ICL7107S Metric Plastic Quad Flatpack Packages (MQFP) D D1 -D- Q44.515 0.523 0.intersil.88 13.8 . assembled and tested utilizing ISO9000 quality systems.45 0.com 16 FN3082. Dimensions D1 and E1 do not include mold protrusion.13/0.