Chapter 12: Public Policy in TexasMULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The 2007 session of the state legislature passed the Religious Viewpoint Antidiscrimination Act, which a. allowed outside church organizations access to school campuses. b. ensured religious-oriented clubs the same access to school facilities and protected students who expressed religious beliefs. c. does not solve the problems of religious discrimination. d. unintentionally introduced religious bias into the classroom. e. permitted a neutral method for selecting student speakers at school events. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: The Policy-Making Process OBJ: Describe the key steps and concepts in the policy-making process STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 2. Public policy refers to the a. rules, regulations, and orders from authorized public agencies. b. legislation, passing it, and getting it signed. c. implementation of laws. d. expressed goals of a governmental body backed by incentives or sanctions. e. political scientists’ approach to the different stages of policy. ANS: D DIF: Medium REF: The Policy-Making Process OBJ: Describe the key steps and concepts in the policy-making process STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 3. The stages of public policy making are a. formulation, identification, implementation, and evaluation. b. problem identification, formulation, implementation, and evaluation. c. evaluation, identification, formulation, and implementation. d. problem identification, evaluation, formulation, and implementation. e. agenda setting, problem identification, formulation, and implementation. ANS: B DIF: Difficult REF: The Policy-Making Process OBJ: Describe the key steps and concepts in the policy-making process STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 4. What stage of the policy-making process involves instituting incentives or sanctions? a. formulation d. problem identification b. agenda setting e. implementation c. evaluation ANS: E DIF: Medium REF: The Policy-Making Process OBJ: Describe the key steps and concepts in the policy-making process STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 5. Which stage in the policy-making process is better understood as a separate stage that takes place throughout the entire policy? a. policy formulation d. implementation b. legitimation e. problem identification c. policy evaluation ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: The Policy-Making Process giving Texas very little control. Bounded rationality e. In bounded rationality. a. for the most part. incrementalism e. 25 percent b. the increasingly economically disadvantaged and at-risk student body. a. 37 percent ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 10. Rationality d. e. c. What percentage of state funding is allocated to public education? a. infrastructure. The policies of the national government influence Texas. policy incentive b. e. Public policy in Texas is crippled by national policy.OBJ: Describe the key steps and concepts in the policy-making process STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 6. ANS: E DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas . d. ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: The Policy-Making Process OBJ: Describe the key steps and concepts in the policy-making process STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 9. ________ refers to reaching a decision that is satisfactory rather than optimal to the individual. c. Systemic agenda b. Public policy in Texas is not affected at all by national policy. Public policy making is divided equally between the state and federal governments under the concept and theory of federalism. All of the following are challenges facing education policy in Texas EXCEPT a. 40 percent d. are state and local matters. the increasing teen pregnancy rate among minority female students. and legal matters. Legitimation c. such as education. Policy accountability ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: The Policy-Making Process OBJ: Describe the key steps and concepts in the policy-making process STA: 8 MSC: Analyzing 7. ________ refers to the idea that policy makers have formulated and implemented policy that address the problems in an optimal or efficient manner. satisficing d. Federalism makes the national government virtually irrelevant to states such as Texas. legitimation c. low public expenditure per enrolled student. large segments of public policy. b. 45 percent c. d. the increasingly minority and disadvantaged student body. b. the high dropout rates. Which of the following statements regarding public policy in Texas is true? a. systemic agenda ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: The Policy-Making Process OBJ: Describe the key steps and concepts in the policy-making process STA: 8 MSC: Remembering 8. 15 percent e. but. The three main issues that have shaped education policy in Texas during the last 50 years are a. Under the Gilmer-Aikin Laws. federal c. b. desegregation. a. post–World War II era and the returning military service members. first decade of the twenty-first century. Under the Gilmer-Aikin Laws. locally run districts to larger regional districts. d. b. e. a. c. provincial b. the State Board of Education members were elected statewide on partisan ballots. the Texas school districts were subdivided to provide for more local control. Constitution of 1876. d. e. and educational excellence.STA: 8 MSC: Analyzing 11. a. civil rights. public funding for education was drastically cut because of the lackluster state economy during the 1960s. Throughout much of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. the State Board of Education was established and became the policy-making body for public education in Texas. public funding for education was raised dramatically to increased profitability in agriculture in industry in Texas. and teachers’ salaries. ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Applying 15. federal regulation. the Religious Antidiscrimination Act was repealed. the State Board of Education was abolished for being redundant and in competition with the federal Department of Education. and school district lines. c. territorial ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Remembering 13. . local d. the Texas school districts went from small. b. state e. ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 14. The debate over public education in Texas goes back to the a. labor unions. d. e. c. ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 12. beginning of the American civil rights movement. income taxes. public education remained largely a ________ affair. b. break with Mexico. funding. Texas instituted an income tax to fund public education. various bureaucratic institutions were established to be responsible for public education in the state of Texas. c. b. d. the Board of Education? a. and urbanization. d. c. lack of unions. Gilmer v. Board of Education U. doctrine of eminent domain. supremacy clause. b. e. e. The U. ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Remembering . validated state-imposed racial segregation in Texas public schools. Under the separate but equal doctrine in the 1920s and 1930s. Board of Education. Supreme Court case of 1954. Edgewood ISD v. Ferguson in a. Austin c. Roe v. e. ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 18. rapidly catching up to b. San Antonio v. Ferguson case is the a. validated the election of State Board of Education members. The legal doctrine at issue in the Plessy v. Supreme Court overturned Plessy v. hold and save harmless doctrine. separate but equal doctrine. lower than ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Analyzing 20. El Paso e. a. Plessy v. privileges and immunities clause. e. c. Dallas b. desegregation. overturned the Brown v. Houston d. Which school district in Texas became the first in the nation to comply with the Supreme Court’s order in Brown v. d. infrastructure of education. much higher than e. completely unknown relative to c. the same as d. Rodriguez. ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Remembering 16.d. Aikin. invalidated state-imposed racial segregation in Texas. Brown v. the amount of money Texas spent on black students was ________ the amount spent on white students in public schools. ANS: E DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 17. Wade. access to the Internet. Ferguson (1896) a.S. San Antonio ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 19. b. c. was reinforced by Edgewood ISD v. Kirby. Kirby.S. and declining school enrollments. 21. appoint a commission to study the Texas school system and make recommendations to the governor. de facto segregation. the key constitutional issue was a. Rodriguez delayed action because the court a.” d. thought the plaintiffs would change their minds and withdraw the suit. was still a problem in urban public schools with a large minority population. ANS: B DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating . In the 1973 San Antonio v. c. c. whether school prayer should be required in grades K–8. ANS: B DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Applying 23. d. b. thought the legislature would address the funding issue in the next legislative session. b. are required to subsidize wealthy school districts under the equal protection clause. redraw school district lines to improve funding for all schools on a more equitable basis. The district court in San Antonio v. d. c. segregated school districts were ordered to a. ANS: B DIF: Difficult REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 24. had been completely eliminated. e. ANS: C DIF: Difficult REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 22. e. are not required to subsidize poorer school districts under the equal protection clause. Kirby. the continuing effects of Roe v. the Supreme Court ruled 5–4 that states such as Texas a. c. Wade upon public education. therefore. In Brown v. b. did not want to hear the case. are required to equalize funding to public and private schools. e. b. Board of Education. are not required to subsidize wealthy school districts under the equal protection clause. c. whether the phrase “an efficient system of free public schools” included school financing. b. whether the Brown v. Rodriguez case. d. are required to subsidize poorer school districts under the equal protection clause. thought the school district would address the funding. e. de facto segregation a. thought the federal government would intervene and resolve the issue. ANS: B DIF: Difficult REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 25. In Edgewood ISD v. e. Board of Education decision applied to Texas students. was no longer an issue in public education. desegregate their schools “with all deliberate speed. d. was increasing at a rapid rate throughout Texas. By the late 1960s. had been ruled illegal and. double the funding for African American integrated schools. desegregate their schools within the next 10 years. had resulted in all federal funds being withheld from the public schools in Texas. 26. c. b. The equal protection clause c. d. As committee chair. The Robin Hood plan ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Analyzing 27. graduation rates were improving and dropout rates were increasing. Only in America. b. test scores were declining and functional illiteracy was increasing. Waiting for Superman. local voter approval of property tax levies and it prohibited a state property tax. functional illiteracy was decreasing and test scores were improving. ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Applying 30. c. The Robin Hood plan was found unconstitutional because it required a. approval from the school board and voters. No Child Left Behind. approval from individual cities. ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Applying 29. e. c. approval from school superintendents and teachers. c. e. the cost of education per pupil. local voter approval of property tax levies and a state property tax. b. e. Senate Bill 7 b. ANS: D DIF: Difficult REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 28. the high incidence of violence in public school classrooms. ________ calls for wealthy districts to transfer funds to poorer districts in order to equalize funds available to all public schools across the state. d. The Edgewood IV plan e. Among the most important findings of the 1983 report were that a. The equalization plan d. a. d. Ross Perot was appointed by Governor Mark White to chair a committee on education. graduation rates and functional illiteracy were both increasing. high teacher salaries. he was particularly scornful of a. low college graduation rates. d. Race to the Top. A Nation at Risk. ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Understanding . e. A 1983 report by the National Commission on Excellence in Education was called a. b. athletic programs. dropout rates were increasing and test scores were improving. One effective way for improving public education in Texas that Democrats. d. Republicans. and Tea Partyers support is a. d. poverty. reducing the number of required end-of-course tests from 15 to 5. issuing vouchers. about the same for all demographic groups. 50 b. crime. ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Analyzing 32. severe droughts. e. b. increasing pay for teachers. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Applying 35. ANS: D DIF: Difficult REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 33. c. were able to transfer from low-performing schools to high-performing schools in their districts. 75 c. b. lowest among minorities. environmental degradation. highest among the Asian student population. c. e. School districts were allowed to drop the algebra II requirement for graduation. The implementation of an additional literacy test for teachers failed to pass. 15 e. Students. political corruption. allowing school districts to drop the algebra II requirement for graduating high school seniors. b.31. a. under certain circumstances. d. c. The percentage of Texans living in poverty is approximately ________ percent. but it no longer held center stage for reformers. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 34. What happened during the 2013 legislative session that changed the high-minded expectations about the education reform movement? a. The most persistent social problem facing Texas is a. highest among white females. Dropout rates in Texas are a. e. e. The idea of testing to promote academic excellence was not being abandoned completely. c. b. literacy tests for teachers. The implementation of the “No pass. No play” rule was relaxed. 5 d. 30 ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Remembering . highest among minorities. d. 1865 post–Civil War National Poverty Reconstruction Act b. d. the rate of poverty is equal among all ethnic groups. noncompliance with all federal welfare programs. b. 1935 Social Security Act d. very generous state-funded benefits. 1965 Great Society Reconstruction Act c. Department of Health and Human Services poverty index. United Nations global poverty index. the poverty rate among children is much lower than in the rest of the United States. Texas has a lower rate of poverty than the rest of the United States. c. a. c. ANS: D DIF: Medium REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Applying 38. a policy of minimizing the cost to Texas while maximizing the use of federal dollars. b. c. e. e. a policy of maximizing welfare benefits paid by the state of Texas. The ________ transformed the way in which the United States handled poverty and implemented welfare policy. index of income inequality. the poverty rate among children is much higher than in the rest of the United States. b. d. Poverty in Texas closely mirrors the rest of the nation. e. The generally accepted standard by which poverty is measured in the United States is the a. The origins of modern welfare policy lie in a. President Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal. caloric intake index. unemployment index. ANS: E DIF: Easy REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Applying 37. In Texas. . In Texas. 1996 welfare reform ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Applying 40.S. Which statement is true regarding poverty in Texas? a. President Truman’s post–World War II reforms. welfare policy in Texas reflected a.36. c. President Gerald Ford’s War on Poverty. e. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 39. b. President Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society programs. 1945 National Recovery Program Act e. virtually unlimited state welfare expenditures. In the 1960s. d. the post–Civil War Reconstruction era. In Texas. d. U. reduce the number of children in poverty. Conservatives tried to require that welfare recipients must participate in job training as a condition of receiving benefits. The primary purpose of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families was to a. waste and fraud within each welfare program c. b. a growing number of critics alleged that welfare programs a. mostly by the wealthy. . versus the percentage of adults. the percentage of children. c. b. a state-federal program. ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 42. e. Liberals tried to eliminate federal welfare programs. benefited only the middle class at the expense of the poorer class. direct cash payments to citizens living in poverty. the number of people receiving welfare and the crime rate b.ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Applying 41. Congress created the Medicaid program. The number of people on welfare fell dramatically throughout the decade. c. d. In 1965. Conservatives tried to nationalize and expand welfare programs. the number of people on welfare and the success of getting people into the workforce d. b. ANS: B DIF: Medium REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 43. should be turned back over to private charities and religious institutions because government resources had been exhausted. make families self-sufficient by ending the cycle of dependency on government benefits. e. Which statement is true concerning welfare in the 1980s? a. on the welfare rolls ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 45. During the 1980s. e. Welfare reforms are measured along which two dimensions? a. were helping to create a dysfunctional underclass of people who depended upon them for survival. d. the number of welfare recipients who continued receiving welfare benefits for more than five years versus those who received benefits for a shorter period of time e. reduce illegitimacy rates among all affected groups. Conservatives and liberals finally agreed upon welfare policies and job-training programs. c. to a. had nearly eliminated poverty. d. ANS: D DIF: Medium REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Applying 44. were being abused. coerce the states to be held more accountable for the distribution of the block-grant funding from the federal government. provide large benefits across the board to lift welfare recipients out of poverty. Federal money for Medicaid programs a. b. provide welfare benefits to the general public regardless of income. c. religious restrictions imposed upon welfare recipients. the abuse of the program as reported by the Congressional Budget Office. c. substantially altering the nation’s health care system. In March 2010. d. is administered automatically by the federal government to avoid punishing program recipients. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: Medicaid and Health Care Policy OBJ: Explain why Medicaid in particular and health care policy in general have been so controversial in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 49. health screenings. ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: Medicaid and Health Care Policy OBJ: Explain why Medicaid in particular and health care policy in general have been so controversial in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Applying 47. comes to the states as a block grant without any significant restrictions. Congress passed ________. e. the Dream Act b. b. the National Women’s Health Act ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: Medicaid and Health Care Policy OBJ: Explain why Medicaid in particular and health care policy in general have been so controversial in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Remembering . d. is accompanied by federal rules and regulations. the funding of abortions in state clinics paid for by Texas taxpayers who were opposed to the procedure. ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Medicaid and Health Care Policy OBJ: Explain why Medicaid in particular and health care policy in general have been so controversial in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 48. provide wellness checkups for all Texas children. is tied to the number of adults on the welfare rolls in order to reduce the cost of program redundancy. equity of payments across all demographic groups. c. which states must comply with to maintain federal funding of the program. assist Texans with their prescription medications. is not tied to any state requirements or administrative procedures. provide health care for the poor.b. and family exams. the Fiscal Cliff Act c. the program and the costs of birth control. No Child Left Behind d. birth control measures for lesbian couples not living in poverty. a. d. the cost. One of the controversies arising out of the Medicaid Women’s Health Program in Texas involved a. e. the lack of public support for many of the programs based on religious grounds. the Affordable Care Act e. corruption on the part of federal officials. e. The single most important issue confronting Texas policy makers with regard to Medicaid is a. e. ANS: E DIF: Medium REF: Medicaid and Health Care Policy OBJ: Explain why Medicaid in particular and health care policy in general have been so controversial in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Applying 46. d. c. the health care for poor unwed mothers. b. President Obama should be impeached. e. In legal challenge to the Affordable Care Act. b. Texas agreed with the Supreme Court’s decision. man-made cisterns. national defense purposes. c. d. aquifers. It immediately reduced the cost of health care for all Americans. c. home consumption by households. b. livestock consumption. Which statement regarding the Affordable Care Act is true? a. Responding to the Supreme Court decision on national health care legislation of 2010. d. the Texas legislature would happily increase taxes to fund the expanded Medicaid program. e. ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: Water Policy OBJ: Consider the growing importance of policies related to water supplies in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 54. b. Most of the water in Texas is for a. ANS: D DIF: Medium REF: Medicaid and Health Care Policy OBJ: Explain why Medicaid in particular and health care policy in general have been so controversial in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Applying 53. d. d. Most of the water used in Texas comes from a. c. b. Supreme Court. Congress was sharply split along party lines. It was passed with the vote of large majorities of both parties.S. Texas would increase funding for Medicaid by borrowing substantial sums of money on Wall Street. c.50. the tax penalizing people who failed to purchase medical insurance was unconstitutional. e. It was later overturned by the U. ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: Water Policy . Texas might not participate in the expanded Medicaid program. the tax penalizing people who failed to purchase medical insurance was constitutional. the legislation in its entirety was unconstitutional. b. ocean desalinization plants. ANS: A DIF: Easy REF: Medicaid and Health Care Policy OBJ: Explain why Medicaid in particular and health care policy in general have been so controversial in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Remembering 51. c. d. lakes and streams. it is unconstitutional to force people to buy health insurance. rainwater collected in holding ponds. additional water supplies for neighboring states. e. e. the commerce clause gives Congress unlimited power to regulate as long as it is for the general welfare. It was vetoed by the president because it included a tax increase. Governor Perry announced that a. irrigation. ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: Medicaid and Health Care Policy OBJ: Explain why Medicaid in particular and health care policy in general have been so controversial in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Applying 52. the Supreme Court ruled that a. In Texas. a complicated system of private property rights.OBJ: Consider the growing importance of policies related to water supplies in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 55. the focus on conservation and expanding and developing available surface water. d. federal law mandating all aspects of water use in Texas. e. ANS: A DIF: Medium REF: Water Policy OBJ: Consider the growing importance of policies related to water supplies in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 57. fierce competition with Mexico over water rights. ANS: C DIF: Medium REF: Water Policy OBJ: Consider the growing importance of policies related to water supplies in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 58. essentially means that a. c. b. Which statement regarding water policy in Texas is true? a. the fact that Texas has no major rivers. b. There is continuing conflict between Texas and Mexico on the rights to the water flowing as part of the Rio Grande. as it pertains to water policy in Texas. or aquifers. Water rights are a complicated matter balancing private property considerations and the public good. Two of the strategies that have been developed by the Texas Water Development Board to meet the long-term needs of Texas include a. raising the tax on water to encourage conservation efforts and statewide water restrictions. the state owns the water rights because it is sovereign over Texas residents. d. the federal government has the right to capture water in Texas because of the supremacy clause in the federal Constitution. requesting federal funding to develop massive desalinization plants along the Gulf Coast and laws restricting the construction of in-ground pools. Underlying water policy in Texas is a. ANS: B DIF: Medium REF: Water Policy OBJ: Consider the growing importance of policies related to water supplies in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 56. only water captured in surface retaining ponds can be owned. The law of capture. ANS: C DIF: Difficult REF: Water Policy OBJ: Consider the growing importance of policies related to water supplies in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating . the state can capture and tax any business that uses state water without reporting usage statistics to the state water board. e. fear that Texas is in a permanent state of drought. e. b. mandatory rationing and raising the tax on water. c. c. lakes. d. b. d. The regulatory environment in Texas does not pose a huge problem because landowners and water conservation groups promote the public interest. the first person to capture the water by pumping it out of the ground owns it. e. importing more water from surrounding states where water is more plentiful and encouraging more citizens to dig their own wells. water demand is projected to decline substantially over the next century. The business community is usually at odds with the private property rights of water developers and the water processing and transportation rights of stockholders. c. ANS: T DIF: Medium REF: The Policy-Making Process OBJ: Describe the key steps and concepts in the policy-making process STA: 8 MSC: Analyzing 5. they had water rights because they have prior claim pursuant to Texas sovereignty under federalism. e. b. which leads to less than rational and less than efficient public policy. farmers argued that a. ANS: T DIF: Easy REF: The Policy-Making Process OBJ: Describe the key steps and concepts in the policy-making process STA: 8 MSC: Remembering 3. ANS: T DIF: Easy REF: The Policy-Making Process OBJ: Describe the key steps and concepts in the policy-making process STA: 8 MSC: Applying 4. One factor that works against rationality is the fact that the government tends to work incrementally. ANS: F DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy . Texas ranked thirty-fifth on public expenditures per enrolled student in 2012. ANS: B DIF: Easy REF: Water Policy OBJ: Consider the growing importance of policies related to water supplies in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating TRUE/FALSE 1. they had water rights based on the eminent domain doctrine of the federal Constitution. The 2007 Religious Viewpoint Antidiscrimination Act protects religious expression and access to school campuses. because of its widespread support for public education.59. ANS: T DIF: Easy REF: The Policy-Making Process OBJ: Describe the key steps and concepts in the policy-making process STA: 8 MSC: Remembering 2. Public policy refers to the outputs of governmental institutions. Burrell Day and Joel McDaniel (2012). ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Remembering 6. they had the rights to the water based upon their ownership of the land above it. Policy makers and other politically active individuals seek to reach a decision that is satisfactory rather than optimal to the individual. In the case of Edwards Aquifer Authority v. unless water is in a sealed container aboveground. c. has a long-standing history of spending more per pupil than most states do. d. no one can own it. the rights to the water in the aquifer were beyond the reach of the federal government because of a long-standing precedent dating back to Mexican common law. Texas. although then-governor Price Daniel Sr.OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 7. ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 9. “No Pass. Plessy v. Board of Education decision in 1954. ANS: F DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Applying 14. ANS: T DIF: Easy REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas . In 1957 the Texas legislature passed laws encouraging school districts to resist federally ordered desegregation. ANS: T DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Applying 10. The Texas case Edgewood ISD v. Ferguson overturned the doctrine of separate but equal. ANS: F DIF: Difficult REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Analyzing 11. Desegregation of public schools was supported from the beginning by Texas law. No Play” stipulated that students could NOT participate in extracurricular activities unless they met certain academic standards. Kirby involved the funding of schools using the property tax system. ANS: T DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Remembering 8. The San Antonio School District became one of the first school districts in Texas to comply with the Brown v. ANS: T DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 13. ANS: T DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Applying 12. chose to ignore such laws. The constitutionality of using property tax revenues in school finance has been an issue in terms of providing equal opportunities for Texans. The 1983 report by the National Commission on Education had no effect on Texas because of its existing excellent system of public education. Currently in the United States. One of the perverse effects of public welfare is that it encourages fathers to stay connected to their families and help raise their children. it is impossible to balance the state budget as mandated by the state constitution. ANS: T DIF: Medium REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Applying 22. ANS: F DIF: Medium REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Analyzing 20. Poverty among children in Texas is about the same as the national average. Under the concept of federalism. welfare policy is largely separate from federal programs and policy making. welfare is considered a local issue and responsibility. states were given more control over welfare policies for their citizens. participation rates for Medicaid have remained fairly constant throughout the nation and in Texas. The 2011 legislative session achieved a balanced budget without raising taxes and without any cuts in primary and secondary education. ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Remembering 18. ANS: F DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 16. ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 21. ANS: F DIF: Medium REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Applying 19. The poverty index is NOT adjusted for inflation. Under the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program. ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: Medicaid and Health Care Policy OBJ: Explain why Medicaid in particular and health care policy in general have been so controversial . Since the program’s creation.STA: 8 MSC: Remembering 15. ANS: F DIF: Difficult REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 17. therefore. ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: Water Policy OBJ: Consider the growing importance of policies related to water supplies in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Understanding ESSAY 1. The 2010 legislation passed under the Obama administration. Why does Texas have a relatively underperforming public education sector in comparison to national norms and averages? ANS: Answers will vary. Explain the impact that Brown v. has enjoyed unusually high levels of bipartisan support. ANS: Answers will vary. According to the law of capture. DIF: Difficult REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Applying 3. DIF: Difficult REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 2. ANS: F DIF: Easy REF: Water Policy OBJ: Consider the growing importance of policies related to water supplies in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Remembering 26. Discuss several court cases that have had an impact on public education in Texas. ANS: Answers will vary. . private property owners are NOT entitled to water taken from under the land they own. ANS: T DIF: Easy REF: Water Policy OBJ: Consider the growing importance of policies related to water supplies in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Remembering 25. The law of capture works in support of conservation efforts. ANS: F DIF: Medium REF: Medicaid and Health Care Policy OBJ: Explain why Medicaid in particular and health care policy in general have been so controversial in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Applying 24.in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Remembering 23. Board of Education had upon education policy in Texas. dealing with national health care. Aquifers are a significant source of water in Texas. How might the disparity in access to education present challenges for the state’s citizens and economy? ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Difficult REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 5. DIF: Easy REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 6. ANS: Answers will vary. Explain the impact that A Nation at Risk had upon education policy in Texas. DIF: Medium REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 8.DIF: Medium REF: Education Policy OBJ: Describe the major issues that have shaped education policy in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Analyzing 4. . ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Difficult REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Applying 7. DIF: Medium REF: Welfare Policy OBJ: Describe the state’s role in addressing poverty and how it is affected by national policies STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 9. How did the 1996 welfare reform legislation passed during the Clinton administration affect welfare policy in Texas? ANS: Answers will vary. Explain some of the potential or current consequences of the Affordable Health Care Act and health care policy in Texas. What are some of the considerations in evaluating the welfare policy? ANS: Answers will vary. Discuss the controversy surrounding the issue of welfare dependency. including the law of capture and important court decisions. ANS: Answers will vary. DIF: Medium REF: Medicaid and Health Care Policy OBJ: Explain why Medicaid in particular and health care policy in general have been so controversial in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Analyzing 11. Is the potential taxpayer burden of refusing federal funds for national health care reforms worth the state insisting on its independence? ANS: Answer will vary. DIF: Difficult REF: Medicaid and Health Care Policy OBJ: Explain why Medicaid in particular and health care policy in general have been so controversial in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Evaluating 10. Explain some of the legal aspects of water policy in Texas. DIF: Difficult REF: Water Policy OBJ: Consider the growing importance of policies related to water supplies in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Analyzing . DIF: Medium REF: Medicaid and Health Care Policy OBJ: Explain why Medicaid in particular and health care policy in general have been so controversial in Texas STA: 8 MSC: Understanding 12. ANS: Answer will vary.ANS: Answers will vary. Explain how controversies over issues such as abortion and privatization hurt health care services for Texas residents.