GIS-Based Analysis in Physical Framework Plans

GIS Analysis in Physical Framework PlanningLouie P. Balicanta April 26 and 27, 2010 Outline: Introduction Land Use Maps Decision Maps Spatial Strategies and Development Patterns Generation of Physical Framework Plan Laboratory Exercise Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land Use Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map UP TCAGP UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP NEC Introduction UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP Introduction Purpose of PFP: •Obtain a rational spatial distribution of population •Facilitate the access of the population at each level to the economic opportunities and social amenities •Guide investments to ensure efficient and sustainable use of natural resources •Protect and maintain the integrity of the environment UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Introduction UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Introduction UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Introduction To produce a PFP map the following maps derived from base maps and thematic maps are needed: •Existing Land Use Map •Opportunity Map •Constraint Map •Proposed Land Use Map •Preferred Spatial Strategy •Initial Settlement and Protection Map UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Land Use Maps UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Land Use Maps UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Physical Constraints Maps •the limitation of a spatial area to accommodate a certain land use due to some physical limitations UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP .Decision Maps Land Use Opportunity Maps •the allocation of a certain type of development or land use at a spatial area capable and suitable for that kind of development or land use. Spatial Strategy and Development Patterns •Linear •Grid •Radial •Circumferential •Concentric •Central and Nodal •Combination UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Spatial Strategy and Development Patterns •Linear UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Spatial Strategy and Development Patterns •Grid UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Spatial Strategy and Development Patterns •Radial and Circumferential UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Spatial Strategy and Development Patterns •Concentric UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Spatial Strategy and Development Patterns •Central and Nodal UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Spatial Strategy and Development Patterns •Combination UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Generation of Physical Framework Plan UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Generation of Physical Framework Plan Analysis of Existing Land Use •includes obtaining the land distribution based at least to the four land use policy areas UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Generation of Physical Framework Plan Production of Initial Settlements Growth Map •future land requirement should be assessed S <P/D (NEDA. 2007) where: S = additional settlement land requirement P = additional population D = population density UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Generation of Physical Framework Plan Production of Initial Settlements Growth Map •future land requirement should be assessed A = (P/1.000) x 9 hectares Where: A=area requirement P= Population UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . and thus enable the elimination or screening out of those features that are not suitable for that purpose. UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP .Generation of Physical Framework Plan Generation of Initial Settlements and Protection Map Overlay analysis is the process of putting two or more layers on top of each other in the GIS to determine areas of convergence of certain features that give a comprehensive picture for a particular purpose. Generation of Physical Framework Plan Generation of Initial Settlements and Protection Map •Overlay the Land Capability and Constraint Map to the Initial Settlement Growth Map UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Not in other protection areas g. Areas that can be provided with basic services and utilities c.Generation of Physical Framework Plan Generation of Initial Settlements and Protection Map NEDA guideline provided the following criteria for considering built-up expansion: a. Within A&D lands but not in environmentally critical areas (base on opportunities and constraints) f. Reasonably accessible from existing built-up areas and other employment centers through existing or proposed roads and other transportation facilities e. Areas along established urban growth directions b. Ideally within the 0-3% or 0-6% or 0-8% slope range d. Consistency with City/ Municipal Land Use Plans (NEDA. 2007) UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Life threatening or are direct threats to public safety c. 2007) UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP .Generation of Physical Framework Plan Generation of Initial Settlements and Protection Map •The NEDA guideline also provided the following criteria considered as limitation to built-up expansion: a. Threatening to the sustainability of key production sources d. Harmful or destructive to protected areas b. Threatening to the delivery of basic services” (NEDA. Generation of Physical Framework Plan Generation of a Physical Framework Plan •Integration of the “Initial Settlements and Protection Map” with the other land use requirements such as production and infrastructure will yield the “Physical Framework Plan” for the study area. UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Laboratory Exercise Exercise 1 Exercise 2 UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Objectives: •To review some arcview commands that can be used in the manipulation and analysis of an existing land use map •To be able to use attributes from the themes’ database table in the analysis and decision making •To derive the built-up/ settlement area requirement based on population data UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Data Requirements: Surigao del Norte data •Existing Land Use •Political Boundaries: barangay level UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . 2 • Set working directory for the exercise (Use a specified directory of your choice) Click on the Add button • UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP .Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: Creating a New Project • Open ArcView GIS 3. rename the two shape files new_brgy.shp -------------> Existing Land use UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP .Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • In the Theme Properties.shp -------------------> Political Boundary New_land_use. select Unique Value •Select Value Field –> Last_muni •Color Schemes: Any of your choice UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP .Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: For Existing Land Use • In the Legend Editor. select •Change color scheme to this For Political Boundary •In the Legend Editor. The view may look like this: UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP .Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • Try to manipulate properties so that both themes appear simultaneously. Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: Analysis of Existing Land Use • Open Existing Land Use attribute table UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • Open Political Boundary attribute table UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Go to View -> Geoprocessing Wizard c. Choose UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP .Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • Perform Geoprocessing Operation: Dissolve a. Go to File -> Extensions -> Check Geoprocessing b. Choose e. Specify output file as Municipal Boundary and save at specified folder of your choice UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP .Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • Perform Geoprocessing Operation: Dissolve d. Click on Select .Area by Sum .Last Provi by Last .Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • Perform Geoprocessing Operation: Dissolve f.Population by Sum UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • The View may look like this UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • The corresponding attribute table may look like this: UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • The corresponding attribute table may look like this: UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • Put Labels on each polygon in the Municipal Boundary Go to Theme menu -> Auto Label UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • Put Labels on each polygon in the Municipal Boundary Go to Theme menu -> Auto Label UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Open the Legend Editor b.Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • Analyze the distribution of population by creating a population thematic map that shows the municipalities with the highest and lowest population a. Color Ramps UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Classification Field d. Change Legend Type from Unique Values to Graduated Color c. Choose c. Set Existing Land Use as the “theme to overlay” e.shp” UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Go to View -> Geoprocessing Wizard b. Set the output file as “Existing Land Use Municipal Level.Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • Perform Geoprocessing Operation: Intersect a. Set Municipal Boundary as the “input theme to intersect” d. Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • Open the attribute table of the Existing Land use Municipal Level.shp • Delete unnecessary fields • Create a new field “ Land Area” • Perform Field Calculator and input [Shape].returnArea/10000 • Use “Summarize” command to make a summary of Land Use for Surigao City and four (4) other municipalities UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Use Field Calculator UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Create b.Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • Compute the required built-up area requirement using the FAO standard a. UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP .Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • Get the difference between the FAO standard and the existing built-up area Difference = Existing Built-up – Computed Area Difference is positive (+) if Existing Built-up > Computed Area Difference is negative (-) if Existing Built-up < Computed Area • There are several ways of doing this. Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • One way is to: a. Open Existing Land use municipal level.shp b. Make a query of Lu_name = Built_up areas c. Summarize the selected entities with: - Last_muni_ being selected - Field: Land Area - Summarize by: Sum - Click on Add - Save as Built up municipal.dbf UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP Exercise 1: Analysis of Existing Land use Procedures: • One way is to: d. Join Built up municipal.dbf and Municipal boundary.shp e. Create a new field Difference f. Use the Field Calculator to obtain the difference between the existing built-up and the computed (FAO) built-up area • Answer questions a to e UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Objectives: •To determine the land area requirement for a doubled population. •To identify and delineate settlement areas taking into account environmental and some legal/ policy constraints UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP shp •sdn_roads.Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Data Requirements: Surigao del Norte data •themes used and produced from the previous exercise •sdn_rain-induced_landslide.shp. and sdn_point_infra.shp UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP .shp •sdn_rivers_streams. Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Procedures: Analysis of Potential Settlements Growth • • • • From exercise 1. turn off all themes except for Municipal boundary Open the attribute table of Municipal boundary Create an additional field with the heading Double_Pop Input values in the Double_Pop field by using the field calculator and input [Sum_Population]*2 UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Procedures: Analysis of Potential Settlements Growth • • Create another field with a heading BU A Req Use Field calculator and input [Double_Pop]*9/1000 Get the difference between the FAO standard and the existing built-up area • UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Procedures: Analysis of Physical Constraints and Capabilities • Add the following themes sdn_rain-induced_landslide.shp.shp – rename to “Landslide Hazard” sdn_rivers_streams.shp – rename to “Infrastructure” UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP .rename to “Roads” sdn_point_infra.shp – rename to “Rivers” sdn_roads. Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Procedures: Analysis of Physical Constraints and Capabilities • Check if there is a map unit on the current view UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Procedures: Analysis of Physical Constraints and Capabilities • Create a buffer theme from Rivers a. Go to Theme menu ->Create Buffers b. Specify c. Name UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Procedures: Analysis of Physical Constraints and Capabilities • Open the attribute table of Existing land use municipal level Make a query and select Lu_name with the values built-up areas and other land use • UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Procedures: Analysis of Physical Constraints and Capabilities • Inspect Landslide hazard theme • Make a query and select only Ril_type with values no susceptibility and low susceptibility UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Procedures: Analysis of Physical Constraints and Capabilities • With the selected entities make a Union of the themes Existing land use municipal level and Landslide Hazard Name the theme as Constraint_bu.shp • UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . shp and Constraint_bu. •Name the theme as Constraint_bu2.shp •Create a new field “Within 20” • Input the value “Yes” inside this field. UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP .shp • Open the attribute table of Constraint_bu2.shp.Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Procedures: Analysis of Physical Constraints and Capabilities •Make an intersection of the themes Buffer1. •Name the output file as Constraint_bu3.shp.shp and Constraint_bu2.shp UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP .shp.shp •Select entities within the field “ Within 20” that has a value of null or blank •Convert the selected items to a shapefile.Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Procedures: Analysis of Physical Constraints and Capabilities •Make a union of Constraint_bu. •Open the attribute table of Constraint_bu3. •Name this shapefile Possible settlements. UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP .Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Procedures: Delineation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map •Make a new theme with a polygon feature type •Name this theme as Proposed_settlement.shp. Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Procedures: Delineation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map •Using the draw toolbar Draw polygons and circles that will eventually have areas that are approximately equal to the area requirement UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Procedures: Delineation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map •Make an intersection of the Municipal Boundary. UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP .shp.shp and the Proposed_settlement.shp •Name the output as Built-up. shp.Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Procedures: Delineation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map •Make a union of the Built-up.shp •Open the attribute table for this shape file •Select items with Lu_name equal to built-up area and BU_A_Req not equal to zero. UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . •Name the output as Initial Settlement and Protection.shp and Existing land use municipal level. shp. Roads.Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Procedures: Delineation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map •Under the heading LU_name.shp. Infrastructure.shp Initial settlements growth and protection. put values equal to “Builtup areas” to the items selected •Open themes: Rivers.shp •Answer questions f to j UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Exercise 2: Generation of Initial Settlements Growth and Protection Map Procedures: The View may look like this: UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Thank you !!!! UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Serote. Philippines: UP SURP.References: Serote. Urban Pattern Specification. (2004).Foundations of Land Use Planning in the Philippines. E. S. Marshall. (2005). Patrimony & Territory. Philippines: National Economic and Development Authority and Asian Development Bank.A Concise Planning Guidebook Part 1: Comprehensive Land Use Planning. London: Institute of Community Studies. Philippines: UP PLANADES. NEDA. Quezon City. Diliman. Guidelines on Provincial/ Local Planning and Expenditure Management – Volume 2: Provincial Development and Physical Framework Plan. (2007). Property. Diliman. A Model of Local Planning and Development in the Philippines. Quezon City. (2002). E. UP NEC UPNEC Copyright © 2010 UP TCAGP . Questions? .