g6 answer

ModifiersAdjectives, adverbs, and prepositional phrases are modifiers: words or groups of words that tell more about, or modify, other words in a sentence. Adjectives modify nouns and pronouns. Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Prepositional phrases can act as adjectives or adverbs. As Adjective Señor Quexada read books about knights. As Adverb He dreamed about knights. • To avoid confusion, place modifiers close to the words they modify. Adjective phrases usually come right after the word they modify. Adverb phrases may appear right after a verb or at the beginning of a sentence. • The meaning of a sentence can be unclear if the modifier is misplaced. No  Fair and sweet, every knight needs a lady. Yes  Every knight needs a lady, fair and sweet. • The position of only in a sentence can affect the sentence’s entire meaning. Place only directly before the word or words it modifies. Example: Only she laughed at him. (Nobody else laughed at him.) She only laughed at him. (She didn’t do anything except laugh at him.) She laughed only at him. (She laughed at no one else.) Directions  Write adverb, adjective, or prepositional phrase to identify each underlined modifier. Write adjective or adverb to identify how a prepositional phrase is used. 1. We watch a movie about medieval knights. prepositional phrase; adjective 2. Two armies battle fiercely. adverb 6 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. 3. The scene is noisy and confusing. adjective Directions  Each sentence has a misplaced modifier. Rewrite the sentence and put the word or phrase where it belongs. 4. The knight fought the attackers in his shining armor. The knight in his shining armor fought the attackers. 5. Her voice shook when she spoke about the giants with fear. Her voice shook with fear when she spoke about the giants. 6. Mira only reads modern books, not old classics. Mira reads only modern books, not old classics. Unit 6  Don Quixote and the Windmills Grammar  26 0328503940_001-030_FSD.indd 26 10/26/09 10:39:11 PM and) covered the walls with paintings. if. but) women and slaves could not. 7. Free male citizens of Athens could vote on laws. he became king. When Alexander was twenty. CC 11. 6 Copyright © Pearson Education. Directions  Underline the correct conjunction in ( ). Our study included the Peloponnesian War (but. 9. predicates. predicates. Conjunctions A conjunction is a word that is used to join words. 1. The Trojans accepted the wooden horse because they did not know Greek soldiers were hiding inside. Write CC if it is a coordinating conjunction and SC if it is a subordinating conjunction. SC 12. Both words in the pair must be used. (or. Athletes might become good at many different sports or focus on one sport. although. but) traded with many other lands. The Greeks built palaces (or. and after are used to link dependent clauses and independent clauses in complex sentences. 8. and) our class will read about Aesop (or. or its affiliates. phrases. or) Sparta could defeat Rome. and but are used to combine two or more subjects. 2.indd 27 10/26/09 10:39:12 PM . CC Unit 6  Ancient Greece Grammar  27 0328503940_001-030_FSD. SC 10. and) Athens (nor. before. She is a good runner because she practices. Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction when combining sentences. Directions  Underline the conjunction in each sentence. Correlative conjunctions such as either/or. predicates. or) shipbuilding? 4. all wars stopped. then. when. but) historians disagree about their authorship. but) we will study Archimedes some more. Subordinating conjunctions such as because. The Iliad and The Odyssey are epic Greek poems. (or.. I wanted to see the long jump. (Neither. 5. Pericles was a military general and a leader of Athens. or sentences to make compound subjects. both) formed a powerful navy (and. Inc. Before the games began. Athens (or. or sentences. 3. 6. Coordinating conjunctions such as and. neither/nor. but I was too late. or sentences. and) the Delian League. All Rights Reserved. Chariot races and foot races were part of the games. or. Do you want to learn about Phoenician art (but. and both/and are used to combine subjects. Alexandria was an important place for learning and trade. or sentences. (Either. and hot sauce. or its affiliates. streets and towns in addresses.Illinois 62269 3. he ended the letter by writing “Sincerely. Mr. after the greeting and closing in a letter. onion flakes. phrases. such as well. are shrimp. Directions  Read the sentences. • Between a day of the week and a month and between a date and a year: The party is Saturday. Her address was 55 West Highland Avenue. Her address was 55 west highland avenue el paso TX 79902. do you think I should buy new jeans. yes. Tom was uncomfortable meeting new people. a refined gentleman. • After an introductory word or phrase. Mom do you think i should buy new jeans school supplies and shoes? Mom.by the way. or sentences. please try the celery. Inc. Commas and Capitalization You already know that commas are used in compound sentences. Their wedding was on December 12. Here are other uses of commas.” Unit 6  The All-American Slurp Grammar  28 0328503940_001-030_FSD. • After a dependent clause at the beginning of a sentence: Because he was shy. You already know to capitalize names and other proper nouns. • Before and after interrupting words or phrases: Prawns. as you may know.we will go to China for a month.” Because my father was very polite. Max. Meg. Beloit. and shoes? 7. school supplies. Because my father was very polite he ended the letter by writing “sincerely mr. Other uses for capitalization include the pronoun I. or clauses in a list: The recipe includes sour cream. Directions  Read the following parts of a letter. Saturday September 6 2. El Paso. Lin. . Write the sentences. Add commas where they are needed. WI 53511 • Between three or more words. June 1. 5. • Before and/or after an appositive—a noun or noun phrase describing another noun: The waiter. 2007. I asked you. Lin. lin. I want to stop at the store before I come home. This summer. All Rights Reserved. names of days and months. O’Fallon.. wore a tuxedo.how are you? 4. 6 Copyright © Pearson Education. TX 79902. and in series of three or more words. • To set off a noun of direct address: Mrs. and the first word in the salutation and the closing of letters. 1. Capitalize letters and add commas where needed.indd 28 10/26/09 10:39:13 PM . phrases. 6. to come with us. • Between the street address and the city and between the city and the state in an address: Do not use a comma before the ZIP code: 99 North High Street. or by the way: By the way. ” he replied. or follow a direct quotation.” I 5.” I said. “We burned the temple as a sign to the world. and single television shows within a series. C Directions  Add quotation marks to each sentence as needed. I read an article entitled“Spaniards Flee City. “When you study Aztec history” said Mr.”said the nobleman.“We must beware. He said the Spaniards burned their ships.” I C 6 Copyright © Pearson Education. Place the end punctuation or the comma that ends the quotation inside the quotation marks. The Spaniards have reached our shores! cried the young boy. “so I can’t attend.” 9. 2. Dale. essays. ‘Only nobles are allowed’?” An indirect quotation is a quotation that is reworded instead of being quoted directly. It does not need quotation marks.no quotation marks needed “Because Montezuma is a weak leader. “I will go. songs. ‘Put this gold in the treasury’?” asked the nobleman. Set off the interrupting words with commas. Do not mark sentences that have no errors. 8.“we must choose another leader.” 7. interrupt. Use commas to set off words that introduce. Begin each quotation with a capital letter and enclose it in quotation marks. use a period and a capital letter. “And my brother is a Jaguar. “My baby is ill. “you will learn about Montezuma.indd 29 10/26/09 10:39:13 PM . book chapters. 1. “Look at that warrior. “Was it the warrior who said. poems. 10. Sara said she was going to the festival.” said the woman. Write C if the sentence is correct. Inc. Also use quotation marks to set off titles of short stories. “ ” 6. or its affiliates. Sara asked. Quotations and Quotation Marks A direct quotation gives a speaker’s exact words. “I am an Eagle warrior. articles. “Did he say.”he warned.” Unit 6  The Aztec News Grammar  29 0328503940_001-030_FSD. “The Spaniards and our enemies have joined forces. 3. All Rights Reserved. Do not begin the second part of an interrupted quotation with a capital letter. “Are you going to the festival tonight?” I asked. I read an article called “Success Is Ours!” The story “Montezuma’s Palace” was fun to read. Directions  Write I if the sentence is punctuated or capitalized incorrectly.” If the interrupted quotation is two complete sentences. “He is brave.” boasted the warrior..” he said.” Use single quotation marks to set off a quotation within a quotation. The warrior shouted “Round up the captives”! I 4. and abbreviations. The band includes John Drummond. What an amazing stroke of luck …seats. spelled-out numbers. 6 Copyright © Pearson Education. Thomas—he’s… scarf—catch… 5:04…train? 3. train Mr. Kentucky. clarinetist. John: I can’t wait to start my new job. • Semicolons separate items in a series if commas are already used in the series. Use question marks with interrogative sentences. Here are some other kinds of punctuation: • A semicolon (. Tim Salmonson. Thomas lived in Chicago. The three most important ingredients are (1) flour. • A colon (:) is used after the salutation in a business letter and to separate the hours and minutes in expressions of time. Indiana. • A dash (—) sets off information that interrupts the flow of a sentence. Ex Southerners often headed to the North to find better paying jobs.) • Parentheses enclose numbers or letters within a sentence. visit your library. (2) sugar. and… Unit 6  Where Opportunity Awaits Grammar  30 0328503940_001-030_FSD. Tennessee Louisville. Ex-Southerners… better-paying…. and Kentucky. Use periods with declarative sentences. • A hyphen (-) is used in certain compound words. This train will stop in Nashville. When did they arrive? What a change it was! Mrs. and end marks. a well-cooked goose   forty-three travelers   self-control • Parentheses ( ) set off additional information that is not essential. (To learn more. 1. Thomas he’s the one in the red scarf catch the 504 P.) can be used to separate the two parts of a compound sentence when they are not joined by a comma and a conjunction. …states: Mississippi… 2. quotation marks. Our train went through these states Mississippi. Punctuation You have already learned about punctuation such as commas. Our family found seats on the train other people had to stand. drummer. and (3) butter. Tennessee. Directions  Add punctuation marks where they belong. Use exclamation points with exclamatory sentences.. African Americans experienced great change. other…luck! 4. and Jim Smelser. and Chicago.indd 30 10/26/09 10:39:14 PM . imperative sentences. Kentucky and Indianapolis.) 5. See the chart on page 36.m. such as compound adjectives before nouns. This train stops in the following cities: Jackson. Did Mr. All Rights Reserved. Louisville. • Colons introduce a list and set off a speaker’s name in a play. Little Rock. Inc. and some two-word nouns. The Thomas family moved to Chicago.M. piano player. Jon Bixly—he’s written a book—is an authority on the early 1900s. Dear Sir or Madam:   12:01 p. they looked for a place to live. or its affiliates. (See… 36. …Tennessee.