Next Generation Backhauling Using Carrier Ethernet TechnologyDr. Yi-Neng Lin (林義能) MEF Carrier Ethernet Certified Professional (MEF認證高級工程師; MEF-CECP No.A0966X1) Carrier Access Services: Evolution And Opportunity R reliability Q quality of service S scalability B bandwidth M management Fixed Phone R Internet Service All-IP Networks with Fixed-Mobile Convergence B IP-based Triple Play IPTV Mobile Internet Backhaul R B Q M S 2 R B Q M Carrier Ethernet – Standardized Enhancement OAM support - 802.3ah (EFM) - 802.1ag (CFM) - Y.1731 Interoperability - MEF9 for scalability - MEF14 for QoS - MEF18 for CES - MEF21&25 for OAM Service MGMT Standardized Service QoS features - Hierarchical QoS - trTCM policing - Synchronization - Active PM Quality of Service Gigabit Carrier Ethernet Reliability Scalability Protection - Link aggregation - Linear protection - Ring protection - End-to-end protection - E-Line/E-Tree/E-LAN 3 The TOP Problem Transport 802.1ad/QinQ: scalable VLAN architecture E-Line/E-Tree/E-LAN: flexible topology layout Hierarchical QoS: manipulation at different granularities Protection Operation OAM (Operation, Administration and Maintenance) Link + Service OAM Y.1731 performance measurement (PM) Element Management System Synchronization SLA verification 4 Precision TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION E-Line: Alternative To TDM-Based Private Line HQ of A company Carrier Ethernet Network OptiQNet 842 Branch of A company Point-to-Point EVC1 Point-to-Point EVC2 Physical or logical (via LAG) port OptiQNet 842 HQ of B company Branch of B company EPL: Ethernet Private Line EVPL: Ethernet Virtual Private Line EVC: Ethernet Virtual Connection 5 . TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION E-LAN: Virtual Private LAN Central Office Internet EVC OptiQNet 842 Branch EVC EVC EVC OptiQNet 842 Carrier Ethernet Network Branch OptiQNet 842 OptiQNet 842 HQ Branch 6 . TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION E-Tree: Rooted Point-To-Multipoint Internet Central Office (root) EVC eNodeB OptiQNet 842 (leaf) UNI x1 EVC EVC EVC OptiQNet 842 (leaf) UNI x3 Carrier Ethernet Network OptiQNet 842 (leaf) OptiQNet 842 (leaf) LTE-enabled mobile stations UNI x4 UNI x2 Enterprise building SMB Residence 7 . TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION User Network Interface Bundling Service Allow multiple CE-VLANs to be mapped to a single EVC in the UNI All CE-VLAN are mapped to a single EVC in the UNI Allow multiple EVCs at a UNI EVC1 EVC2 MP-to-MP EVC EVC2 EVC1 All-To-One Bundling Service Service Multiplexing Service multiplexing Point-to-Point EVC Bundling UNI All-to-one Bundling Bundling CE-VLANs 8 . 1 for each Class of Service Identifier Layer 2 Control Protocols Processing A list of Layer 2 Control Protocols with each being labeled with one of Discard. and Availability Performance and associated Class of Service Identifier(s) as defined in Section 6.8.TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION Service Attributes Attribute UNI Identifier Physical Medium Speed Mode MAC Layer UNI Maximum Transmission Unit Size Service Multiplexing UNI EVC ID CE-VLAN ID for untagged and priority tagged Service Frames CE-VLAN ID/EVC Map Maximum Number of EVCs Bundling All to One Bundling Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per Ingress UNI Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC Type of Parameter Value Any string A Standard Ethernet PHY ([2] or [3]) 10 Mbps. MUST be greater than or equal to 2 otherwise.11.7 Integer 1 Yes or No21 Yes or No No or parameters as defined in Section 7. or 10 Gbps20 Full Duplex IEEE 802. If Deliver Conditionally is used. One-way Frame Delay Range Performance. Peer. Discard. UNI Type> pairs Integer. 1 Gbps.1 for each Class of Service Identifier Egress Bandwidth Profile Per Egress No or parameters as defined in Section UNI 7. A list of Layer 2 Control Protocols labeled Tunnel or Discard.3 – 2005 [2] Integer 1522. 10/100 Mbps AutoNegotiation. then the conditions MUST be specified.11. unique across the MEN. If Deliver Conditionally is used.11. Deliver Unconditionally.1 for each EVC Egress Bandwidth Profile Per Class of No or parameters as defined in Section Service Identifier 7. Pass to EVC. Yes or No Yes or No Discard. …. or Deliver Conditionally. Yes or No A string formed by the concatenation of the UNI ID and the EVC ID A number in 1. Performance objectives for One-way Frame Delay Performance. then the conditions MUST be specified. or Deliver Conditionally.1 No or parameters as defined in Section 7. Attribute EVC Type EVC ID UNI List Maximum Number of UNIs EVC Maximum Transmission Unit Size CE-VLAN ID Preservation CE-VLAN CoS Preservation Unicast Service Frame Delivery Multicast Service Frame Delivery Broadcast Service Frame Delivery Type of Parameter Value Point-to-Point.11. or RootedMultipoint An arbitrary string. Deliver Unconditionally. or Deliver Conditionally. Discard. If Deliver Conditionally is used. Integer 1522. Peer and Pass to EVC Layer 2 Control Protocols Processing EVC Performance UNI and EVC per UNI Service Attributes EVC Service Attributes 9 .11. 4094. for the EVC supporting the service instance A list of <UNI Identifier. Inter-Frame Delay Variation Performance. Deliver Unconditionally.1 for each EVC Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per Class of No or parameters as defined in Section Service Identifier 7. One-way Frame Loss Ratio Performance. MUST be 2 if EVC Type is Point-to-Point. then the conditions MUST be specified. Map as per Section 7. One-way Mean Frame Delay Performance.11. Multipoint-to-Multipoint. 100 Mbps. 2.1 Egress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC No or parameters as defined in Section 7. Pseudowire BSC/RNC T1/E1 Metro Ethernet Network BTS/NodeB T1/E1 TDM Network Interface CESoETH/SAToP/CESoPSN Pseudowire IP IP UDP CESoPSN CW RTP TDM Payload TDM Subscriber Demarcation Q-in-Q ECID IP UDP SAToP CW RTP TDM Payload IP UDP CESoPSN CW RTP TDM Payload TDM Payload ECID CESoETH CW TDM Payload RTP TDM Payload UDP SAToP CW RTP TDM Payload MPLS VPLS CESoETH CW RTP TDM Payload MEF ITU. IETF. MFA IETF CESoETH CESoPSN SAToP MEF ITU. IETF.TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION TDM Service Compatibility -. MFA IETF CESoETH CESoPSN SAToP 10 . 8031 Ethernet Linear Protection Switching (ELPS) 11 .TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION Reliability and Redundancy Interface reliability PLR (Packet Loss Rate) <10-9 Jumbo frame size over 9000 bytes 802.8032 Ethernet Ring Protection Switching (ERPS) Link redundancy Nodal redundancy Heart-beat based fail-over Multi-homing End-to-End path redundancy G.3ad Link Aggregation G.8031 Ethernet Linear Protection Switching (ELPS) G. TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION Link Aggregation EVC1 EVC2 EVC3 Up to 8 links into one logical LAG Packet distribution Round-Robin MAC address. etc LACP LAG Logical Port Link Aggregation Control Protocol Frame Collector Frame Distributor Conversation-based Dynamic and automatic configuration PHY Port PHY Port …. VLAN. PHY Port 12 . etc Working Channel CCM Working Channel CCM CCM. APS CCM. revertive or non-revertive <50ms protection switching time APS messages for protection initiation Support of administrative commands Forced Switch(FS).TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION G.8031 (Ethernet Linear Protection Switching) For Point-to-Point Ethernet Connection 1+1 or 1:1. APS Protection Channel Protection Channel 13 . Manual Switch(MS). concerns are .TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION G.VLAN configuration Logically Block 14 .Topology construction .8032 (Ethernet Ring Protection Switching) For Ethernet Rings <50ms protection switching time R-APS messages for protection behavior Preventing any loops by blocking mechanism Support of administrative commands 2008/06 2012/03 48 pages 99 pages Aside G.8032. TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION Flexible QoS Architecture CoS 1 CoS 2 VLAN 100 Port VLAN CoS Flow with QoS profile VLAN 1 VLAN 2 port 1 15 classification . TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION SLA Enforcement Using Traffic Conditioners EIR CIR Two-Rate-Three-Color algorithm CBS meter EBS RFC2698: A Two Rate Three Color Marker shaper 16 . 1ag. Y.1731) CE: Customer Edge Carrier Ethernet Network 17 .PM and statistics .EDD topology discovery UNI UNI CE OptiQNet 842 OptiQNet 842 CE Link OAM (802.SNMP .OAM operations of managed EDDs .TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION Link/Service OAM EMS .3ah) Service OAM (802. TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION IEEE 802. Event Notification. Loopback EMS Far End Fault Indication Capable of RFC2544-based PM TX RX RX TX Device A Device B Per Link Fault Isolation Near-Side Port Performance Management Device C Device D 18 .3ah-2004 (Link OAM) Subset of the “Ethernet in the First Mile” (EFM) Primitive fault management Dying Gasp. MDL) Continuity Check (CC). Link Trace (LT).1ag (Connectivity Fault Mgmt. Loop Back (LB) operator A Provider Bridges operator B Provider Bridges CE CE customer MD Level provider MD Level operator MD Level operator MD Level Link OAM Link OAM MEG(Maintenance Entity Group) MEP (Maintenance End Point) MIP (MEG Intermediate Point) 19 . CFM) Hierarchical fault management Integration with EVC and LAG! Different levels of authority (MD.TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION IEEE 802. 1731 Superset over CFM Enhancement on performance measurement (PM) Delay Measurement (DM): One-way or Two-way Delay Measurement Loss Measurement (LM): Single-ended or Dual-ended Loss Measurement Metro Ethernet Network UNI UNI CE OptiQNet 842 OptiQNet 842 CE One-way Delay Measurement Two-way Delay Measurement 20 .TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION ITU-T Y. TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION TOPview – – – – TM Fault Config Security Element Mgmt System Visualized nodal/group display Manual/Automatic inventory discovery Drag-and-drop location management Automated deployment (patent pending) MGMT Accounting Performance 21 . the web-based clients never need to upgrade! 22 .TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION TOPviewTM– Web-based Technology Functional Tabs Monitoring various activities in REAL-TIME! Contrasted to traditional app-based. RapiDep Proprietary algorithm Automatically connect to EMS and establish EVC Use LLDP-2009 as an assistant to find EMS Patent-pending Metro Ethernet Network New participant LLDP LLDP Periodical LLDP multicast LLDP LLDP EMS 23 .TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION Deployment Automation -. 05ppm (phase) and ±3us (time) accuracy over a 30-hops span PW ACR (Adaptive Clock Recovery) Frequency Synchronous Ethernet (SyncE) Frequency IEEE 1588-2008 ToD. Phase Mobile Network Architecture CDMA2000 GSM UMTS-FDD LTE-FDD UMTS-TDD LTE-TDD Frequency Sync Time/Phase Sync Solutions Mobile WiMAX TD-SCDMA 24 .TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION Precision via Synchronization Critical for 2G~4G mobile infrastructure to be operational SDH transport: ±50ppm (phase) and frequency (ex: 2 or 10MHz) Between BSs and BSC: ±0.05ppm (phase) and frequency (ex: 2 or 10MHz) Between NodeBs and RNC: ±0. 8262: Timing characteristics of Synchronous Ethernet equipment slave clock G.8264: Distribution of timing through packet networks G.TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION Synchronous Ethernet (SyncE) Other SyncE Masters Inherited from SDH Immune from congestion Two major mechanisms PRC H/W-based CDR ~ ESMC and SSM Unidirectional Broadcast Master selection Timing loop prevention Master MAC processor ESMC Slave MAC processor PLL PHY/CDR PHY/CDR PLL CDR: Clock and Data Recovery ESMC: Ethernet Synchronization Message Channel SSM: Synchronization Status Message • • • • ITU-T ITU-T ITU-T ITU-T G.8261: Timing and synchronization aspects in packet network G.781: Synchronization layer functions (ESMC and SSM) 25 . TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION 1588v2 Application Scenario .Generally in sub-microsecond precision .Necessary for 3.5G and LTE networks .SLA verification .Master selection algorithm OptiQNet 842 NodeB 1588v2 Latency to be verified for SLA RNC NodeB OptiQNet 842 1588v2 1588v2 1588v2 1588v2 1588v2 1588v2 Carrier Ethernet Network eNodeB OptiQNet 842 S-GW 1588v2 1588v2 master clock 26 . 8261– Testbed TP5000 Anue 3500 1PPS/10MHz test (test case 12~17) CES test (test case 1~11) 27 .G. 8261– Test Results 28 .TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION G. per-vlan/EVC) Verify whether SLA is satisfied Y.TOPsure TM Patent Pending! H/W unit dedicated for PM Out-of-service test In-service test (per-port.TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION SLA Verification with RFC2544 -.1564 under development SLA Bandwidth RFC 2544 Test traffic Data traffic OptiQNet 842 OptiQNet 842 Start to test throughput Start to receive frames EMS Send result back to EMS 29 . 1ag and Y.Fiberlogic’s solutions to Carrier Ethernet Transport Portfolio OptiQmax-5300 802.1731 Neighbor discovery RFC2544 tester IEEE 1588-2008 (PTPv2) time synchronization 30 .3ah. 802.1Q double-tagging trTCM-based policer and traffic shaper Real-time flow monitoring OAM support including 802. 3ad) for NNIs TDR for copper diagnosis E-Line/E-LAN/E-Tree based on 802.Key Features of OptiQNet 842 (1/2) Full Gigabit interfaces 4 UNIs and 2 SFP-based optical NNIs Link aggregation (802. 4096VIDs Per.port/VLAN SLA guarantee (trTCM policing) Real-time traffic monitoring Strict-Priority and Weighted Fair Queuing egress scheduling VLAN (MEF9 certified) QoS (MEF14 certified) 31 . PB) 256 concurrent VLANs.1Q double-tagging (Provider Bridge. 3ah: fault detection. dying gasp 802.Key Features of OptiQNet 842 (2/2) OAM functionalities 802. latency.1731: throughput. event notification. jitter and loss measurement RFC 2544 tester and analyzer (patent pending) IEEE 1588v2 and SyncE RapiDep deployment automation (patent pending) Neighbor discovery + LLDP-2009 on managed EDDs Local and remote management interfaces Web. SSH Access Control List.1ag: 8 maintenance domain levels and up to 256 MEPs Y. SNMP v1/v2c/v3. DHCP Dual boot images in case of remote firmware upgrade failure 32 Advanced MGMT (with TOPviewTM EMS) . Unique Features of OptiQmax 5300 Timing interfaces (1PPS/ToD/10MHz) LCD-based local control module .Flexible combination Dual power modules (AC/DC) 33 .Simplified on-site trouble-shooting Fully modulized UNI/NNI interfaces .T1/E1 x4 or GbE x2 per module .CES-capable .Configuration w/o a terminal device (NB) . TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION Other Supported Deployment Scenario (1/2) Access Loop Optical Extension application Legacy 2G BSs T1/E1 x4 T1/E1 x4 Ethernet x2 Ethernet x2 3.5G/4G(LTE) OptiQmax 5300 SC+TC G.8031 SC+TC T1/E1 OptiQmax 5300 Local T1/E1 Ethernet Ethernet NG-SDH or PTN Remote • • • • • Extend NG-SDH/PTN’s reach to remote cell sites Configuration extremely simple IP not necessary for Remote single-ended maintenance Remote link fault propagation Mostly adopted by our customer 34 . ..8031 OptiQmax 5300 OptiQmax 5300 T1/E1 x4 T1/E1 x4 Ethernet x2 Ethernet x2 stage1 (access) OptiQmax 5300 NG-SDH or PTN OptiQmax 5300 .. stage2 (aggregation) stage2 OptiQmax 5300 • • • • Extend NG-SDH/PTN’s reach to remote cell sites Configuration extremely simple for stage1 while minor at stage2 Less TCO and NG-SDH/PTN port consumption 10G interface at stage2 to be developed stage1 35 ...TRANSPORT OPERATION PRECISION Other Supported Deployment Scenario (2/2) SC+TC T1/E1 x4 T1/E1 x4 Ethernet x2 Ethernet x2 OptiQmax 5300 Multi-Stage Service Multiplexer application SC+TC SC+TC G. Limited number of UNIs . IEEE802.Web-based EMS.3ah MEF certification coverage: EPL/EVPL/E-LAN 36 . upgrade RAD Yes Yes Yes N/A Yes Yes Yes N/A PHY N/A N/A Yes Telco Systems (T-Marc 340) Accedian/JDSU (MetroNID) (RC551E-4GE) Tellabs (7305) Raisecom Raisecom (iTN204) ALL ALL N/A EPL EVPL ALL ALL N/A EPL EVPL ALL ALL (FSP150CC-GE206) (OS910M ) ADVA MRV Yes Yes Yes N/A NNI x2 UNI x4 NNI x2 N/A (website) UNI x4 NNI x2 N/A UNI x2 NNI x2 N/A UNI x1 NNI x2 N/A UNI x4 TC/SC/ NNI x2 BC UNI x4 NNI x2 Yes UNI x6 NNI x2 N/A UNI x6 TC/SC N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Yes Dual Single Dual Single Dual Dual .Similar to Omnitron’s NID .IEEE802.LCD-based control module Flexibility on deployment Dual . IEEE802.Only one UNI N/A Yes Dual Dual Highest-end EDD in the FSP150cc family OptiQmax-5300 Yes Yes (ESMC) UNI: up TC/SC to 8 NNI x2 Yes .1731.Dual-image support OAM: Y.Highly modulized interfaces .1AB-2009 (LLDP) not needed for client S/W ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL ALL EPL EVPL ALL ALL ALL (RC-551) N/A Dual .Capability Paralleling Major Vendors Thoroughly tested by authoritative testers? OAM OptiQNet-842 (ETX-204A) 2544 Yes MEF9 (VLAN) MEF14 (QoS) ALL EPL EVPL EPL ALL ALL (RC-551) SyncE Yes (ESMC) 1588v2 TC/SC ETH IFs UNI x2 NNI x4 CES (TDM) Pwr Remarks .1ag. OptiQmax-6400 Aggregation Switch Interfaces NNI: 10GbE x2~4 UNI: GbE or T1/E1 modules STM1 to be determined UNI-based protection switching (with NNIs at Access) UNI-based link aggregation (with NNIs at Access) Protection Protocols similar to those in Access model Under development 37 . PBB/PBB-TE.Next Generation Telecom Networks Enterprise Access Carrier Ethernet Aggregation Multiservice Core Ethernet (PB) Residential DSLAM Aggregators Core Routers VoD Server SIP server STB PON Data GW Mobile Aggregation Network 2G/3G Node Core Network (IP/MPLS) PB. MPLS-TP or IP/MPLS IP-based IP-based 38 . 2 G.2: BFD (Bidirectional Forwarding detection) LAN (Ethernet) MEN IEEE PB/PBB/PBB-TE .1: Y.RSTP/MSTP .MAC-in-MAC .G.8113.Two Competing Task Forces ITU/IETF MPLS-TP .1731-based G.VPLS/H-VPLS .Q-in-Q .8113.Traffic Engbneering Core (IP/MPLS) Packet Transport Network (PTN) 39 .8113.MPLS.8113.OAM (to be ratified) . PW .1/G. 8113. STM-16/STM-64 UNI module types: GbE.1 and/or G.2 OptiQmax-5300TP (MPLS-TP) TDM: SAToP/CESoPSN support for T1/E1 UNI STM-1 module (may require H/W upgrade) Chassis-based architecture NNI module types: 10G. STM-1 40 Field upgradable w/o H/W modification Access model extension Aggregation model .PTN Access Multiplexer and Aggregator MPLS-TP based protocol extension Data-plane: MPLS Control-plane: LDP (Label Distribution Protocol). routing protocols. etc Mgmt-plane: G.8113. Solution to TOP– The Better Choice Topology scalability and flexibility Reliability Per-VLAN. per-CoS QoS and active PM Standard-compliant OAM framework Synchronization support (SyncE/1588v2) Flexible deployment schemes Friendly LCD-based control interface Total Cost of Ownership 41 .