Problem: Ref: Material Balances in the Production of Vinyl Chloride G.B. DeLancey, Process Analysis - An Electronic Version Chemical Engineering Education , Winter, 40-45, (1999) Solved by: Spreadsheets in Chemical Engineering Education – a tool in process design and process integration Eugénio C. Ferreira, R. Lima and R. Salcedo (Int. J. Engineering Education , 20:6, 928-938, 2004) Chlorination reactor F2= 0.50 Cl2 F6= 0.56 F12= 1.40 C2H4Cl2 inerts F11= 0.20 F10= 1.60 Separator F4= 0.56 Pyrolysis reactor F1= 1.00 Oxyhydrochlorination reactor C2H4 inerts F8= 3.60 F9= 1.20 C2H3Cl H2O F5= 0.44 F3= 0.20 O2 F7= 0.84 HCl F13= 0.80 Project data values F1 x8,10 1.0000 0.5 Decision variables F2 F3 0.5000 0.2000 F11 F12 0.2000 1.4000 x8,6 x5,7 0.1000 0.4737 x1,1 0.9 F4 0.5556 F13 0.8000 x7,7 0.4737 F5 0.4444 x3,8 0.2222 x8,7 0.0526 F6 0.5556 x5,8 0.2222 x6,9 0.6667 F7 0.8444 x6,8 0.2222 x7,9 0.3333 F8 3.6000 x7,8 0.1111 x5,12 0.5000 F9 1.2000 x8,8 0.2222 F10 1.6000 x5,6 0.9000 Mass Balances Equality Constraints Eq. # "=0" Eq. # "=0" 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 13 0.0000 . Set F1 = 1 mole/hr as as basis. are pure. oxygen. The inert concentration in the recycle stream is 50 mole %. All of the ethylene. respectively. Fj. and mole fractions. and chlorine react and all of the hydrocloric acid (HCl) fed to the oxyhydrochlorination unit reacts. is 90 mole % ethylene and the remainder is inerts. F1. F9. Index Species 1 C2H4 2 Cl2 3 HCl 4 O2 5 C2H4Cl2 6 C2H3Cl 7 H2O 8 Inerts . Determine all of the unknown flow rates.The flow diagram in Figure 1 illustrates a simplified version of the main steps in the production of vinyl chloride (C2H3Cl) from ethylene: The reactions which occur separetely in the different reactors are: Chlorination: C2H4 + Cl2 C2H4Cl Oxyhydrochlorination: C2H4 + 2HCl +½O2 C2H4Cl2 + H20 Pyrolysis: C2H4Cl2 C2H3Cl + HCl The ethylene feed. F2 and F3. Pure hydrochloric acid (HCl) is recycled in stream F13. The final product stream. with the remainder being separated and recycled with inerts in stream F12. consists only of vinyl chloride and water. The species are labeled as shown in the following table. xij (mole fraction i in stream j). The chlorine and oxygen feeds. Only 50% of the total dichloroethane (C2H4Cl2) fed to the pyrolysis reactor is converted.