English Part i for Printing

Unit1 Flights of Freedom "I am no bird; and no net ensnares me: I am a free human being with an independent will." - Charlotte Brontë About the Unit There is an increasing realization and recognition that empowering women is an urgent need of the hour. In most countries, including India, social reformers and leaders have been doing a lot towards empowering women. Still, we have miles to go. This unit tells us how education, determination and courage help women break the shackles of socio- cultural taboos. The unit comprises a speech “The 3Ls of Empowerment” by Christine Lagarde, the first woman Finance Minister of France, a poem “Any Woman” by Katharine Tynan, a story “Matchbox” by Ashapurna Debi, and an anecdote “Horegallu” by Sudha Murty. Textbook for Class XII - ENGLISH Let’s begin: ² Look at the collage given below. ² Identify the personalities and the fields they are related to. ² What are they famous for? ² ² Think and discuss: ² Have you ever thought about the various roles taken by women in their homes and outside? ² What are the challenges faced by women today? ² Are women equipped to meet those challenges? 8 In our country. Learning helps workplace.Flights of Freedom I. we have achieved partial success. but contribute far less even with the same level of than 50 per cent of economic education and in the same activity. But contributing their true potential. women earn only represent half the world's three-quarters as much as men -- population. than the economic role of women labour is the second. labour in economic participation can bring and leadership. they countries. property and inheritance laws do Nowhere is this more essential not discriminate against women. none more important If learning is just the first step. an increase in per capita income." challenges that require new ways of thinking. What should we do to achieve this goal? Here is a speech on the requisites of women empowerment. It is all about changing women to help themselves and laws. low-status and low-security denied equal opportunity. at present. In some participate in the workforce. What is the role of learning in empowering empowerment? women? 9 . one of our most this picture is a concerted effort basic norms should be “equal pay to open the door to opportunity with for equal work!” Recent researches what I call the "3 Ls" of women's show that eliminating gender gaps empowerment: learning. than in the developing world. If you educate a girl. Surely. for example. What is needed to change occupation. per capita income lag too often tend to get stuck in low- significantly because women are paying. you train a The 21 st century poses many village. But facilitates women to flourish and women today remain blocked from achieve their true potential. when women This has a huge cost. There It is great to be among friends and is an African adage that goes: "If kindred spirits. Labour in a rapidly changing world. Read and respond 1. you educate a boy. but we still have a long way to go. First about learning: Education is We can undoubtedly promote more the foundation upon which any opportunity for women in the change is built. Read on: THE 3LS OF EMPOWERMENT Christine Lagarde Good afternoon. They jobs. you train a man. Unit I . What are the three essential factors for 2. Globally. by ensuring that break the shackles of exclusion. Read and reflect: Emancipation and empowerment of women is of prime importance in every society. improvement. those with the drive to succeed continue to face barriers: whether The third "L" is leadership that we are talking about providing enables women to rise and fulfil primary education for girls in a their innate abilities and talents. is the first woman to become the Finance Minister of a G8 economy and to head the International Monetary Fund (IMF). on 1 January 1956. Washington DC. born in Paris. long-term sustainability.ENGLISH It also means policies that competence. there is plenty of room for women in business. funds innate (adj) : inborn consensus (n) : agreement inclusion (n) : act of making a person part of a group sustainability (n) : ability to continue over a period of time comfort zone (n) : a situation or place where one feels safe or comfortable impediment (n) : barrier 10 . confidence to match their Thank you very much. Nonetheless. on 19 May 2014. But they need to encourage education and health change that mindset and reset the care. Textbook for Class XII . the that women sometimes lack the difference will deliver. even factors. So it is greater access to credit so that essential that women be ready to women can achieve greater "dare the difference" -. if not a all women can meet their potential better job. The irony is that when women lead they tend to do It is time to create a world where as good a job as others.to take economic independence. inclusion. Glossary: kindred spirits (n) : people who think alike concerted (adj) : done in combination shackle (n) : bondage exclusion (n) : not allowing someone to take part in an activity adage (n) : a wise saying facilitate (v) : to enable credit (n) : loan. She calls for opening the doors to women's learning. How can we promote more opportunities for women in the workplace? About the Author Christine Lagarde. risks and step outside their learning and labour are key comfort zones. village. The three Ls will help us compassion and with a focus on get there. This speech was delivered at the National Democratic Institute. 3. It is true If we dare the difference. we need to provide narrative in their favour. benefits. So. or executive positions for Here. They are more likely to without impediment or prejudice make decisions based on and the world will reap the consensus-building. Moreover. labour and leadership in the economic field. who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964." This is our hope. 'I have a Dream' is a speech delivered by Martin Luther King Jr.… We have come here today to dramatize an appalling condition…. We have come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now…. a great American in whose symbolic shadow we stand. Unit I .” Comment on the statement. the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. m “Women sometimes lack confidence to match their competence. and every hill and mountain shall be made low.” Discuss. Five score years ago. I have a dream today! I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted. labour and leadership skills in making a woman liberated m “Women should step outside their comfort zones. to tens of thousands of black Americans and others who assembled at Washington. had the ability to tailor his speaking style to suit the audience. and this is the faith that I go back to the South with. I have a Dream Martin Luther King Jr. the rough places will be made plain. signed the Emancipation Proclamation… One hundred years later. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. I..Flights of Freedom Think and write m The role of educated empowered women in building a strong nation m The role of learning. One hundred years later. on 28 August 1963. "and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together. 11 . and the crooked places will be made straight. the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of the vast ocean of material prosperity. m How can we build self-confidence in women? Activity I (Speech) • Can speeches make an impact on the human mind? • Why do we make speeches? Here are the excerpts from two very well known persuasive speeches. He was my friend... And Brutus is an honourable man. When that the poor have cried.. Brutus says he was ambitious..... Romans. Keeping this in mind.. r Do you remember any such famous speech? If so.... sure. Brutus says he was ambitious...... You may also watch the video version of these speeches.. Tips Purpose of the speech Type of audience addressed Structure : logical.. The evil that men do lives after them....ENGLISH II.. Who delivered it? What was the occasion? When was it delivered? What was the purpose of this speech? Who were the audience? How was it presented? r Christine Lagarde suggests various means of empowering women... Caesar hath wept: Ambition should be made of sterner stuff: .. he is an honourable man. satire Appropriate use of language: rhetorical devices Use of stress.. Friends. sequencing of ideas Contents/messages/facts/statistics Persuasive techniques: repetition.. Textbook for Class XII .. prepare the script of a persuasive speech on the topic 'Education is the Key to Women Empowerment' to be delivered at the school assembly on International Women's Day (March 8)..... clear. You all did see that on the Lupercal I thrice presented him a kingly crown. And...... faithful and just to me: But... rhythm and intonation Tone: formal/informal 12 ..... Your teacher will help you listen to the audio version of these speeches. The oration of Mark Antony in Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar is an oft- quoted declamation... not to praise him.... Which he did thrice refuse: was this ambition? Yet. I come to bury Caesar... She persuasively insists on the idea that women should think and act independently.. provide the following details... It is a typical example of a persuasive speech that sparked a conflagration for change in the minds of the audience. Take me away. I am the heat that warms the earth. The keystone of the arch am I. Without me cold the hearthstone stands. I am the fire upon the hearth. I am their light of love alive. Which else were colder than a stone. Nor could the precious children thrive. At me the children warm their hands. from whose close tether No lost child goes a-wandering. and roof and wall Would fall to ruin me utterly. 13 .Flights of Freedom II. Unit I . I am the light of the good sun. I am the twist that holds together The children in its sacred ring. but are they really supported by the family? Do women share equal status with men? ANY WOMAN Katharine Tynan I am the pillars of the house. Read and enjoy: What is your concept of freedom? When does a person enjoy real freedom? Do women enjoy real freedom? Women support a family. Their knot of love. m What is the quantum of work done by a woman in a household? Can it be reduced? How? 14 . down (n) : a covering of soft feathers manger (n) : a trough. I spin the curtains. The expression alludes to the threads that run lengthwise ( warp) and crosswise ( woof) in a woven fabric. Let’s discuss • Woman: the focal point of the family • The qualities a woman needs to face the challenges of life Think and write m Analyse the theme of the poem keeping in view the plight of women in the Indian social scenario. Explain. Their door against the wind and snow. I am their wall against all danger. in your own words. 2. without changing the meaning. tender. and constant. Take me not till the children grow! About the Author Katharine Tynan (1859-1931) is an Irish-born writer known mainly for her novels and poetry. warm. Glossary: tether (n) : rope warp and woof (idiom) : the underlying structure or foundation of something. Thou whom a woman laid in a manger. The poem "Any Woman" presents the all . How does the poet portray the bond 4. I deck the walls. Read and respond 3. Mention the underlying ideas in the roof’. She has to her credit more than a score of novels and seven books of verse. Textbook for Class XII . the board I spread. warp and woof.embracing power of a woman to hold a family together. Her human sympathy is keen. here used figuratively.ENGLISH I am the house from floor to roof. What is the symbolic significance of ‘wind between a mother and her children? and snow’. used to hold food for animals. 5. And shake the down to be their bed. Jesus Christ was born in a manger. m Identify the major figure of speech used in the poem and describe its significance. Comment on the expression ‘from floor to 1. Attempt to coin another expression expression 'pillars of the house'. the concluding line of the poem. She usually wrote under the name Katharine Tynan Hinkson. . left others of my own. Activity II (Appreciation) r Keeping in view the ideas discussed above......... His Mother. 15 ... • .... Unit I ....... who was patient.. especially the mother at home. on a table drawn beside his head.. A piece of glass abraded by the beach And six or seven shells. I struck him... There are occasions when her self-effacing love is painfully missing.... being dead. And I...... ranged there with careful art. Activity III (Comparison) r You are aware of the pivotal role of a woman. Now... read the poem "The Toys" by Coventry Patmore My little Son.... • .. For... Then... with moan. Having my law the seventh time disobey'd.. within his reach.. fearing lest his grief should hinder sleep...Flights of Freedom Activity I (Composing lines) r Try writing a few lines on any one of the following topics/themes. and their lashes yet From his late sobbing wet... • Mother’s love • . A bottle with bluebells And two French copper coins. A box of counters and a red-vein'd stone... and dismiss'd With hard words and unkiss'd. • Sweet home • ... I visited his bed.. But found him slumbering deep. With darken'd eyelids..... Kissing away his tears. prepare an appreciation of the poem “Any Woman”. He had put...... who look'd from thoughtful eyes And moved and spoke in quiet grown-up wise... when the prayer ‘Take me not till the children grow!' has not been realised. when at last we lie with tranced breath. fatherly not less Than I whom Thou hast moulded from the clay.' {“The Toys”} r Now. 1. I wept. as between sleeping and waking vex (v) : to make (someone) feel annoyed. frustrated. Not vexing Thee in death. What is the symbolic significance of the toys? 4.Textbook for Class XII . who was patient. They will add to your comprehension of the poem. "I will be sorry for their childishness." Glossary: slumber (v) : to sleep abrade(v) : to scrape or wear away by friction or erosion trance (n) : a semiconscious state. 16 . So when that night I pray'd To God. Then. What is the theme of the poem? 2. or worried rememberest (archaic) (v) : to remember wrath (n) : extreme anger r Answer the following questions. And Thou rememberest of what toys We made our joys. and say. Do you justify the father's action? Why? 3. and said: Ah. being dead.ENGLISH To comfort his sad heart. How weakly understood Thy great commanded good. Comment on these lines citing the importance of the mother in a family: 'Take me not till the children grow!' {“Any woman”} 'His Mother. compare the poem with "Any Woman" and prepare a review focusing on the themes and their significance. Thou'lt leave Thy wrath. in Going by the date. heap of Ajit's dirty clothes to the washerman. in the pantry. the letter came three days front of us — ago. Why are women compared to 2. A twisted. too. Nomita goes through The flame that had gone up dop now the pockets one last time and burns steadily.Flights of Freedom III. are exactly the same! She turns over the envelope and You want an example? matches the postmark to the date.” Women should choose between being a candle or a mirror. then The washerman has come and is crumpled it and twisted it and waiting. sit around meek and innocent. its note on each of her mind's strings. Read and respond 1. Ajit has opened it and read it. sounding discovers the letter. they thing she looks at is the date. enormous three-storey house in Yes. Unit I . hissing. Then. the letter must the kitchen. She drops the way matchboxes are . anywhere . Why? Because of the nerves and veins. Hasn't felt the need to Moments before handing over a mention it even once to Nomita. crumpled envelope with its mouth torn. earlier. it's deliberate. and on the Because this incident is not a envelope. look carefully at that that too bears the same witness. here. What makes Nomita furious? matchboxes? 17 . Nomita's name. MATCHBOX Ashapurna Debi I always compare women to A flame goes up dop in all Nomita's matchboxes. casual oversight. the first a hundred Lankas1 aflame.even though clothes in her hand and sits on the they have enough gunpowder to set bed to open the letter. there. women. Sunday morning. and work for their own emancipation as well as for the generations to come. dropped it into his pocket and left it there. Read and reflect: “There are two ways of spreading light… To be the candle. in the have come about three days bedroom. or the mirror that reflects it. he's gained possession hardships and complaints getting of the key to the letter-box. And is cracked and the rain water falls whenever there's a letter with through in ceaseless streams. Comment on Ajit's attitude towards his mentions about his “ugly habit”? mother-in -law. fishing worse. shame and the insult of it. if Nomita's name on the envelope. out of anger and Nomita's mother. Even though. Her daughter is a the suspicion that has taken root. the ceiling of her room two hands of this joint family. What is called an “ugly habit”? Why? mother? 5. sarcasm . misfortune. etc. the record the news of her various Somehow. to this day.this ugly habit of his good lady has never stopped taking won't go. a letter from some time ago. that's eventuality. her son-in-law high- taken deep root. —etc. But the Still . he smiles laugh it away. And her taking offence. Therefore.Not with Nomita's anger. It's the weight of a collapsed roof. not with for her skill in the matter. Ajit cannot truthfully make the claim An indigent widow. Nomita forbade her mother from writing to her on postcards." She sits perfectly still for a minute Nomita's head hangs low with the and reads the letter through. her trying to shame opportunities all along. misfortune upon it through the gaps among the fifty. at the slightest opportunity. minded. Whenever Ajit sees a new letter If she mentions it. grief. 18 . What is the suspicion in Nomita’s mind? 6. . him. Of possible that oftentimes he doesn't course. Textbook for Class XII . without that he's been able to discover any husband or son. money-order form.still . to read that? I'll go and fill out a he scolds her. she does not dread that give it to her at all. It's nothing much. and if laughter derisively and says. wealthy family's house on the strength of looks alone. credit. he this is not immediately remedied. large-hearted. she was successful letter in the slightest degree in consigning her daughter to a suspicious.ENGLISH Ajit's nature is exactly like that. opens and reads it first. "Why bother doesn't get him out of deep water. in Nomita's mind. So. queen. How does Ajit react when Nomita 7. not with bitter she's been finding such reproaches. It's her standard speech—the good She thought that from then on she'd woman has once again placed on 3. first he tries to from Nomita's mother.not with anything. What are the expectations of Nomita's 4. and only she will have to die crushed under then does he give it to her. At least. does she keep on begging you got around to it?" like this? "What a nuisance!" Ajit says. letter? Oho. he says." affected smile and says." Suddenly. Ajit steps into the room my letter?" after finishing his leisurely Sunday bath. I tell you. why. to you. letters in secret?" Not that Ajit is going to feel "Stop it! What a common. her dignity. What makes Nomita call Ajit a ‘liar’? Is 9. Nomita flames into "Why hadn't you got around to it? anger at her mother. For him.” 10. Shouldn't I make sure going to tear it up and throw it that no one's passing you love away. vulgar abashed about that. How do you think Ajit would react if Nomita reads the letters addressed to him? 19 ." "No they don't! Why did you open Right then.Flights of Freedom try to send her a little money. 8. "What if I opened it? My simmering all this while. then it's a definite to give the letter to Nomita. there whatever she could pull together. Unit I . why hadn't Why. "I'd Why won't she let Nomita keep her forgotten—why else?" self-respect. Why? Why? Answer me. He's made a big mistake. seems to own wife's letter—" want to dash itself violently against "Be quiet. Nomita roars out. So—this was what came just hadn't got around to giving it of letters in envelopes too. "When did what reason should you open my this letter arrive?" letters? Haven't I told you a Ajit glances at her obliquely. yes yes! Indeed. Comment on the simile in her action justifiable? Why? “Nomita hisses like a snake. and decided not forbidding it. "If you're he had thought. No. man you are!" As though trying hard to After this. was a letter from your mother. time she will write and tell her "Why are you saying whatever mother clearly: "I can't do any comes to your mouth? Don't people more. he error. the winds. thousand times not to?" estimating the magnitude of his Ajit doesn't fear Nomita's anger. I in secret. this "Liar!" Nomita hisses like a snake. Nomita's sharp This charge Ajit tries to scatter to indignation at the insult. fears a row. So he smiles an "Another handful of cash for this. "Letter? What to smile his fake smile any longer. it's not possible for Ajit remember. he was something. don't hope for anything from forget?" me. be quiet. And immediately. everyone would have have said next. What is the plight of Nomita in the family? 12. with Who knows what Nomita would that scream. attacks her outright. piercingly. "Have morning. she says. and jumps a twisted smile on her sweat- to her side and grabs the burning streaked face and says. words. and. she does then she picks up the dirty clothes something that is astonishing. don't you? A woman. "Go tell him I'm near his cigarettes on the table. Textbook for Class XII . waiting for her downstairs. his hands. He says. "Is that so! Those He doesn't have the courage to put who whine day and night and hold out that fire by slapping it between out their palms to their son-in-law. Sees a fire burning smallest excuse to go into your 11. finally decided to come down from And—to tell the truth. "What Immediately. you find the Nomita's face. seeing her. the very fine they only pinch her with sharp anchol of a wealthy wife's sari. and so—" lose all common sense when you "Shut up!" Nomita yells. I'm bringing the clothes. Nomita pronounces For a second or two. he dung-picker's daughter becomes a attempts to speak normally. you hands and puts out the fire. He looks fearfully at bad time for you. her come to look! niece Rini steps into the room. get angry. What is the “poisoned knife”? 13. such anger! Oof!" that's a blessing. each word clearly: "You want to see perhaps recalling the washerman's if I can do anything?" face. what I"So. Nomita is still. She says grabs Ajit's matchbox that's lying in a calm tone. Ajit. now he's a upstairs! Baba! There's no good or little afraid. to her face. he too picks up the poisoned there. "Well.2 how much longer please. coming. shut up? I'll do what I want. knife. "You queen. Otherwise. bright. but right then. How does Nomita frighten Ajit? 20 . at least. "Shut up?" Ajit roars out.ENGLISH Now." and fssh! She lights a matchstick Nomita speaks her mind. she puts you gone mad?" he says. patch and slaps it between his that's something. so no one and touches it to her sari. Instantly it flares up. blazing red. at least tell him that!" Almost panting. She and starts sorting them. and Their room's on the third floor. so he tries to pour water they're the high-class people! A on it. Khuri-ma. What will you do? Can you does the washerman have to wait? do anything?" If you don't want to give him any of "I can't? I can't do anything?" your clothes. With great difficulty. Her second sister-in-law is almost exhausted with work this The very next instant. are you just telling stories?" And That's why they leave them suddenly she stops and starts. sees towards herself and sits down to the forest of people on either side. they put them Nomita too starts. Why This—this is precisely why I do we need to peek in? What you're compare women to matchboxes. Does the love-talk never and see what happened! I used my get old?" anchol to lift a hot pot of water off Nomita looks around once. We haven't large-hearted. don't remind me! It's exactly what you keep 14. peel potatoes. Naw-wife 4. do you know?" me. "Stop it. your pious spinach. showing us right in front of our Even when they have the materials eyes. "Oh. After laughing that laugh. here." Mejo-wife 3 laughs Hoo-hoo and Over there. there. Comment on the expression 'forest of people'. anywhere. husband. in the pantry. Our talk is more. it's mother a few rupees. Sees the Nomita pulls the basket of potatoes hurly-burly of the morning. don't hope for anything from all angry talk. to get a the stove—and that did it. been raised on donkey grass. their large- she says. your anchol that way?" Quite without fear. the entire village says. secretly. The next instant. to send her in an extremely soft voice.Flights of Freedom room and get cozy with your warning me about. high-mindedness. The busy Boro-wife5 runs up. I didn't listen. "Oh. she (Translated from Bengali by folds the anchol back quickly and Prasenjit Gupta) says. laughing. but only for a in their pockets." sense of the atmosphere. in the thing. "Have They won't burn them—the men you chopped the vegetables yet? Or know this too. What does it tell us about the structure of Indian joint families? 21 . they never flare up bring an attractive flush to a white and burn away the mask of men's face. scattered so carelessly in the "What's that? What's this unlucky kitchen. She can't nothing like that! You should come really write to her: "I can't do any and peek in sometime. Unit I . moment. You say the heartedness. They don't burn away naughtiest things!" their own colourful shells. So she keeps thinking about how she too smiles a small smile and says might be able. twenty-four hours a day—" within themselves to set off many Nomita laughs a laugh that can raging fires. "Go on. don't knows Nomita is a queen— cover up the forbidden fish with Nomita's husband is high-minded. Naw-wife? How did you burn bedroom. and in her mind she Her voice must not tremble. ENGLISH Notes:. m How does the author substantiate the comparison between a woman and a matchbox? Activity I (Review) r It is often said that an empowered woman is the one who can ‘find her own voice’. ‘speak up’. the Fellowship in 1994. Glossary: meek (adj) : humble derisively (adv) : contemptuously sarcasm (n) : irony indignation (n) : resentment eventuality (n) : possibility row (n) : quarrel indigent (adj) : extremely poor Think and write m Sketch the character of Nomita. m Do you think there is a set pattern for exhibiting a woman's emotions? Is she always emotionally under stress? Justify your answer. Man and woman should move forward together. m Prepare a write-up discussing the space of women in a family. does she keep on begging like this? • "Stop it! What a common. Mejo-wife: second-oldest brother's story of Rama's army of monkeys wife who set fire to Ravana's Lanka. and ‘be seen and heard’. why. About the Author Ashapurna Debi (1909-1995) is a prominent Bengali novelist and poet. Burdwan and Jadavpur. (You may analyse the sentences given below. This short story is translated from Bengali by Prasenjit Gupta. vulgar man you are!" • Nomita laughs a laugh that can bring an attractive flush to a white face. 2. a translator and writer.) • Why. what we need is to foster a man-woman relationship which contributes to healthy. the Sahitya Akademi conferred its highest honour. Litt by the Universities of Jabalpur. Khuri-ma: father's younger brother's wife 1. and the degree of D. supporting and respecting each other. 22 . and being open to different opinions and situations. Boro-wife: eldest brother's wife. widely honoured with a number of prizes and awards. She was awarded the Jnanpith Award and the Padma Shri by the Government of India in 1976. Naw-wife: fourth-oldest brother's The following are kinship terms in wife a Bengali joint family. For her contribution as a novelist and short story writer. Rabindra Bharati. Textbook for Class XII . mutual development. 4. In the present world. A reference to the Ramayana and the 3. 5. ......... conduct a panel discussion on the topic “Indian women— finding a space in the socio-cultural milieu”........ Points to be considered: Ø The effect of the media on a woman’s self-image Ø Healthy women..... Good morning.......... There are three sets of participants in a panel discussion.................................. It helps to clarify the difficult aspects of a topic in a systematic and objective manner.. They are : Panellist.. Audience...... .... Activity II (Panel Discussion) r The word ‘panel’ means a group of experts....Flights of Freedom How far is the above statement relevant to Nomita in Ashapurna Debi’s “Matchbox”? Prepare a review of the story....... Moderator............ emphasizing the role of its women characters....... I am extremely happy/It gives me immense pleasure/ Today we are going to have ........... He/she initially welcomes the panellists and introduces them to the audience....... Now. 23 .. Unit I .... healthy nation Ø The need for cultivating mental strength and mental toughness Ø The need for a productive and harmonious work environment Ø Acting as a mentor and guide to other women and girls Ø Other marginalised sections of society Ø The pivotal role of women from the past to the present r Panellists are experts in the field concerned........ Panellist Designation Select the moderator who facilitates the panel discussion.................. The discussion held among these expert members in front of an audience could be called a panel discussion........ Decide upon the panellists (panel members) and list them............ r Prepare the script of a speech welcoming the panellists and introducing them to the audience............. .……………………………………………………. and the absorption process can go on indefinitely. Given below is a sample of a book blurb.... Together with the modesty.... his words charged with a great love of the human beings that lay within his hunting terrain.... It has no uniform pattern... Corbett writes with an acute awareness of all jungle sights and sounds. Textbook for Class XII . it can........... it has turned out to be a fruitful venture …………………………………………………….... for the book of nature has no beginning as it has no end…' .. vote of thanks to the panellists.. 'Jungle love is not a science that can be learnt from textbooks.. Prepare the script of a speech summarizing the panel discussion.ENGLISH r After the panel presentation and discussion.... a little at a time..... ... The Temple Tiger And More Man-Eaters of Kumaon Jim Corbett This is the last of Jim Corbett's books on his unique and thrilling hunting experiences in the Indian Himalayas. It's a brief summary of the book designed for marketing.Jim Corbett OTHER BOOKS BY JIM CORBETT Man-Eaters of Kumaon The Man-Eating Leopard of Rudraprayag My India Jungle Lore 24 .. however...) Activity III (Blurb writing) r Blurb is the description of a book on its back cover. (Hints : points raised by the panellists and their relevance.. these qualities make these stories very much a part of the classic Corbett corpus... be absorbed. calm and precision of this prose. etc..... Let's review what we have discussed today/It's been great discussing/On the whole... the moderator synthesizes and summarizes the key points... Satyavatie who dared to break the so-called rules made to control the lives of the Bengali women in those days. Unit I . of feeling. and Gender Studies. publisher. • The novel that depicts the endless suffering and the liberation of women in Bengal is the true story of women everywhere in India. etc. • The novel was published by Ananda Publishers (first published in 1964) • Notable works by Ashapurna Debi . year of publication. • Her magnum opus Pratham Pratishruti won for her the Jnanpith Award. • She once said.” • Most of her writings marked a firm protest against the inequality and injustice rooted in gender discrimination.Subarnolata. its socio-cultural relevance. It was a world of comprehension.Flights of Freedom r Now prepare a blurb of Pratham Pratishruti making use of the hints given below. q appears short and dramatic q describes in simple direct language where the story begins. • The novel inspires young minds to create an enlightened world free of segregation. “Slowly and steadily a completely new world was getting created within my mind. It was a world with a never-ending flow of feelings. • Ashapurna Debi created a space of her own in the world of creative literature. 25 . what the circumstances are. Bakul Katha A good book blurb q opens with a catchy statement q appeals to the reader’s interest q urges the reader to buy / read the book q gives necessary information about the author. • The novel is about an uncommon woman. etc. chat schoolteacher and would spend with a fellow traveller and hours every day. The tree was like a massive umbrella with its branches providing much needed shade and succour. O Time. and I would spend many hours playing under it during my holidays.ENGLISH IV. turn backward. I would sit next to quench their thirst before starting him and observe the people he was their journeys again. there was a 'horegallu' under the tree. What is a “horegallu”? What is its 2. Cool banyan tree and talking to those water would be kept in earthen pots resting there. Travellers spent some time sitting under it and catching their breath before going on their way. Read and reflect: “Backward. To make them comfortable. I am sure speaking to and listen to their Read and respond 1. sitting under the exchange news of the road. When I would get near the bench and people could tired of playing. the middle of the village. There be found in villages all over the was a large banyan tree right in country. in your flight. He was a retired could sit and rest a while. thus making inextricably linked with my a stone bench on which anyone grandfather. Make me a child again just for tonight!” Remembering the good old childhood days often fills our mind with freshness and vigour and revitalizes us enough to go forward with confidence. What are the special memories the author purpose? associates with “horegallu”? 26 . Horegallu literally means ‘a stone that can bear weight. HOREGALLU Sudha Murty Hot summer days remind me of my similar simple arrangements can childhood in a little village. Textbook for Class XII .’ It was a The horegallu in our village holds large flat stone placed horizontally special memories for me as it is over two vertical ones. I wish my son would always smiling. Bring out the symbolic significance of the travellers? word “burden”. I got to see 'Masterji. and they would some ease and go on their way. ‘Child. mundane work with an them but just talking to him infectious cheerfulness. It was my grandfather. feature in their lives and as a child One day. carrying heavy burdens on their Only then can we be refreshed heads. it is getting working in Bombay (now Mumbai). wash more. to walk long distances each day. How does the grandfather refresh the 6. I was weather'.” 5. seemed to refresh them for the Every day. What does Ratna do during lunch hours? opportunity to regain their strength. Tired out by the heat. Thank God for a senior clerk. Or. Is “horegallu” essential in a journey? 7.' worries. After some time. I would often not understand why 'Ratna. After all. have long chats. My years. put down that burden and rest. was loads on my head. 4. Most of them were carry our burdens according to our villagers taking a break from their situations and capacities. but he only wants to go to graduation and been working in the the city…. they she would sit with some person in would pick up their burdens with one of the rooms. Ratna. 3. Later on in life.' They spoke about the company for nearly twenty-five difficulties they lived with. difficult for me to carry these large One of my colleagues. told me. Unit I . She had done her help. middle-aged and this horegallu. this summer has been something that reminded me of so hot. We all me'. She went about her grandfather could only listen to repetitive. They had once in a while. Comment on the expression “infectious Why? cheerfulness. grandfather. journey. I finally asked her. But every work in the fields nearby. “Horegallu” gives everyone the 8. Their conversation It helps people regain their would be about their daily lives and strength.Flights of Freedom conversations. I have never seen such dry that stone bench once again. The horegallu gives their faces with it and chat with everyone that opportunity to do so. What does the author try to indicate here? 27 . they enough to pick up the load once would drink the cool water. what do you talk with each they blessed it so often for being person for the whole lunch hour?' there. we need to stop. during the lunch hour. it was only a stone bench. I would often The horegallu was an important wonder what they talked about. 'Masterji. a horegallu is 'They share their troubles with essential in any journey. who Ratna smiled and said simply. I don't think there is a 'No. This way I relieve their my colleagues. ‘Horegallu’ is taken from The Old Man and His God: Discovering the Spirit of India. I remember secrets you hear. Penguin Books. listen to others. An M. ordinary uncannily (adv) : strangely. but half his burden. mysteriously 28 .Tech in Computer Science. technical books. greater sin than betraying someone's confidence. When a person in tremendous social service. 9. They tell me 'And that is enough? That solves their worries because they know I the problem?' I was young and will never talk about it or gossip incredulous at such a simplistic about it to another person.ENGLISH 'But how can you solve the troubles 'Not even in my dreams. ‘I am not a trained burden for a short while till they counsellor or an intellectual.' have to do it yourself. in their own small ways. New Delhi. A prolific writer in English and Kannada. I consider of so many people? Do you always that to be the worst kind of have an answer for them?' betrayal. What is Ratna’s simplistic outlook? 10. Textbook for Class XII . I only listen'. No one trouble or under a lot of strain finds thought of acknowledging their an outlet for his worries. with sympathy and without any both these people were doing judgement. Only outlook. About the Author Sudha Murty was born in 1950 at Shiggaon in North Karnataka. acts of kindness gave them joy. she teaches Computer Science to postgraduate students. The author wishes there were many more of “horegallus” in the world. You and carry on with their journey. 'God has given me two ears to Perhaps. Comment. I hear them out without access to great wealth. collections of short stories and non-fiction pieces. 2006. No are ready to pick themselves up one can solve your problem. Glossary: succour (n) : support incredulous (adj) : doubtful mundane (adj) : dull. she has written novels. even by mistake?' them and wish there were many more of them in this world. sitting on the stone listening to them?' bench under the banyan tree.' they continued to do so.’ Her words uncannily echoed my 'Then how do you help them by grandfather's. as these I thought for sometime and said. If 'But don't you ever break the ever now I happen to pass a confidence and tell others the horegallu in a village. travelogues. can they talk to that she must have used with all me freely. But Ratna answered with when they know their words are the same patience and affection secure with me. it relieves work or rewarding them for it. —Ashapurna Debi ‘I am the heat that warms the earth. Now. r Read and pick out the adjectives and categorize them based on the nature of their description. I hear them out with sympathy and without any judgement. it relieves half his burden.. rewrite the passage substituting the adjectives without any change of meaning. I am sure similar simple arrangements can be found in the villages all over the country.’ — Katharine Tynan ‘I don’t think there is a greater sin than betraying someone’s confidence.” a) Do you think mere listening can solve a problem? Identify the qualities of a good listener. m Can we relate grandfather and Ratna to a horegallu? Why? Activity I (Narration) r Ratna in “Horegallu” says. thus making a stone bench on which anyone could sit and rest a while. Which else were colder than a stone.’ — Ratna 29 . “God has given me two ears to listen to others.. you have got acquainted with several women characters. Activity II (Language practice) It was a large flat stone placed horizontally over two vertical ones. Cool water would be kept in earthen pots near the bench and people could quench their thirst before starting their journeys again. How would she present her worries? Begin as follows: I am Nomita. b) Imagine that Nomita gets a chance to talk to Ratna.Flights of Freedom Think and write m Do you think that the grandfather and Ratna were doing some tremendous social service? Explain. The following excerpts present their ideas on empowerment. chat with a fellow traveller and exchange news of the road. Yesterday I had a quarrel with my husband. Unit I . ‘I always compare women to match boxes’. Activity III (Comparison) r In this unit. both real and fictitious. When a person in trouble or under a lot of strain finds an outlet for his worries. . The best way to get focused again is to disconnect and read an excellent book..’ —Christine Lagrade r Now. Books are beyond imagination..... Our new bookstore PEACOCK PLUMES Come.... You may use the adjectives provided. What are the advantages of reading? …………………………………………………….... what is the threat faced by readers today? 3. But today we are getting distracted by the digital world........... 30 ... drink to the lees… 1. you have the wonderland of sparkling letters.... Reading shapes you.. Here.. According to the advertisement.... A bookstore that has a spacious and air-conditioned reading hall is at your service..ENGLISH ‘For what reason should you open my letters? Haven’t I told you a thousand times not to.. attempt a comparison of these women with regard to their ideas on being empowered......’ — Nomita to Ajit ‘I wish there were more horegallus in the world.... ……………………………………………………. What is the theme of this advertisement? 2.. A good book is always a reliable companion........ • kind • dominating • severe • sympathetic • …………………………………………… • …………………………………………… Activity IV (Comprehension) r Read the following advertisement.’ — Sudha Murty ‘It is time to create a world where all women can meet their potential ..... and the world will reap the benefits.. Children in their care are always happy..... Textbook for Class XII .. Kind attention passionate book nerds… Books which take you to another world help you escape daily problems..... ..... (Complete the sentence using a comparative) 5..................... An adjective phrase (or adjectival phrase) is a phrase that tells us something about the noun it is modifying. it does not contain a subject and a predicate.... phrases and clauses used for the purpose of description... ran around the house.. Pick out from the advertisement the words.. which” or “that”... Phrase A phrase is a group of related words that does not contain a subject-verb relationship ie......Flights of Freedom 4. which is very frisky. The dog..... Unit I ....... you………………… than with a computer. Activity V (Language practice) What makes our speech ornamental. As black as coal As good as gold As loud as thunder As slow as a snail Are these similes attractive? Why? Can you coin similar similes using appropriate adjectives? ……………………………………………………..………… …………………………………………………….………… …………………………………………………….. whose.. where” or “why”.... The relative adverbs are “when......... whom..………… 31 ... With books. Adjective clauses are dependent and are introduced by dependent signals which are relative pronouns or relative adverbs....... The relative pronouns are “who... The head (principal) word in an adjective phrase will be an adjective. vivid and picturesque? Have a look at the conventional similes given below..... Adjective clauses are groups of words containing a subject and a verb that functions as adjectives. The nearby motel offers cheap but comfortable rooms. Tips Clause A clause is a group of related words containing a subject and a predicate. It calmly reveals how she endures negative comments from her well educated husband and daughter because of her inability to speak and understand English. Appealing equally to viewers of all ages .ENGLISH r Given below is the brochure of a female film festival. MITR. The movie which is as ……………………. Lakshmi the protagonist feels as --------------.. MY FRIEND "Mitr.. as an arrow is noted for having an all-women crew. special events. 10 special guests. The music by Ramesh Narayan is as soothing as a--------------. HELLO AND WELCOME FEMALE FILM FESTIVAL 2015 IS HERE. The line-up is fantastic. Fine days to gorge yourself on the best films on offer. a mad woman.. and ‘Meet the Director’: a platform dedicated to the brain behind the films. as a sculptor. English Vinglish The movie "English Vinglish" portrays the simple life of a quiet.Textbook for Class XII .as a drum on being transported to city life. Gauri Shinde proves herself to be as --------------------.as a judge in her judgement of life. Makalkku Jayaraj's "Makalkku" is an offbeat movie in which Shobana plays the role of Killeri. Enjoy! Be as gay as a ……………………. Anjali Menon in this movie proves that she is as ……………. THE BEST TIME OF THE YEAR FOR FILM. sweet - tempered housewife. Go through it and fill in the blank spaces appropriately. Sd/- FILMS AT A GLANCE MANJADIKKURU Anjali Menon's "Manjadikkuru" is an ode to the innocence that once existed in us. It is about the plight of women who sacrifice their life for the betterment of the family. We have 15 previews. Her character makes one feel as -----------as lead. 32 . as …………… as daisies. the movie portrays the life of a young maid who is as pure as a ……………. my friend" is Revathi's debut directorial venture. who is as sweet as a----------------------------. music. Concord. Article.} Activity VII (Let's edit) r Given below is the opening paragraph of a review prepared by a student of class XII.are in deed effective and memorable. The popularity about Margaret Mitchell's bestselling novel allowed the filmmaker to be confident of its sucess. Gone With the Wind is the rare example of a collaboration involving hundred of talents that turned out great. etc. requisite attention to costumes and sets was paid. 33 . {Hints : theme. Preposition) Gone with the wind One of the classic film that define american cinema. (Hint. For millions of people. Gone With the Wind have helped to define the myth and reality of the country's most tragic period of history - the civil war and reconstruction. The film's visual effects - especially the burning of Atlanta. Of course. anecdotes. Tenses. etc. screenplay. cinematography. There are a few errors in it. Identify them and refine the paragraph. cast and credit. Gone With the Wind deserves the label epic it present enough detail to be a facsimile on reality. reviews of prose and poems.The errors are in the following areas : Spelling. Include films with strong women characters and films by women film makers. Punctuation. Word order. Prepare a report of the Film Festival for your school magazine. Activity VIII (Project) r Prepare a class magazine including stories. poems.Flights of Freedom Activity VI (Review) r Prepare a review of the film which influenced you the most. Unit I . OR Organise a Film Festival on women. • prepare and deliver persuasive speeches. • become conversant with blurbs and attempt writing blurbs. • appreciate literature. • identify the space of women in the Indian socio--cultural scenario. • familiarize themselves with various degrees of comparison and use them appropriately. 34 .Textbook for Class XII .ENGLISH Significant Learning Outcomes The learners will be able to: • analyse the concept of women’s empowerment and understand the power of education as a tool for their liberation. • identify adjectives and substitute them effectively. • participate actively in panel discussions. • compare poems and review pieces of prose. • recognize the rights and privileges of women and fight for their equality in status with men. • realize the role of an ideal listener and develop an empathetic attitude towards women’s issues. • discuss the pros and cons of an issue. • organize exhibitions/film festivals and present reports on them. • present ideas systematically in panel discussions. • uphold the importance of freedom. • edit the errors in a given passage. • browse the Internet for additional information. 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