EE1353 – POWER ELECTRONICSUNIT-I (POWER SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES) PART-A 1. What are the different methods to turn on the thyristor? 2. Define latching current. 3. Define holding current. 4. What is a snubber circuit? 5. Why IGBT is very popular nowadays? 6. What is the difference between power diode and signal diode? 7. What are the advantages of GTO over SCR? 8. What losses occur in a thyristor during working conditions? PART-B 1. Draw the two transistor model of SCR and derive an expression for anode current. (8) 2. Explain the characteristics of SCR (8) 3. Describe the various methods of thyristor turn on. (16) 4. Explain the operation of MOSFET and IGBT (16) UNIT II (PHASE-CONTROLLED CONVERTERS) PART-A 1. What is the function of freewheeling diodes in controlled rectifier? 2. What is commutation angle or overlap angle? 3. What are the advantages of six pulse converter? 4. What is meant by commutation? 5. What are the types of commutation? 6. Mention some of the applications of controlled rectifier. 7. What are the different methods of firing circuits for line commutated converter? 8. What is meant by natural commutation? 9. What is meant by forced commutation? In this commutation, the current flowing through PART-B KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, PUNALKULAM 1. Describe the working of 1 _ fully controlled bridge converter in the Rectifying mode and inversion mode. And derive the expressions for average output voltage and rms output voltage. (16) 2. Describe the working of 3 _ fully controlled bridge converter in the Rectifying mode and inversion mode. And derive the expressions for average output voltage and rms output voltage. (16) 3. Describe the working of Dual converter. (16) 4. Derive the expressions for average output voltage and rms output voltage of 1 _ semiconverter. (16) UNIT III (DC TO DC CONVERTERS) PART-A 1. What is meant by dc chopper? 2. What are the applications of dc chopper? 3. What are the advantages of dc chopper? 4. What is meant by step-up and step-down chopper? 5. What is meant by duty-cycle? 6. What are the two types of control strategies? 7. What is meant by TRC? 8. What are the two types of TRC? 9. What is meant by PWM control in dc chopper? PART-B 1. Describe the principle of step-up chopper. Derive an expression for the average output voltage in terms of input dc voltage & duty cycle. (16) 2. Describe the working of four quadrant chopper. (16) 3. Explain the working of current commutated chopper with aid of circuit diagram and necessary waveforms. Derive an expression for its output voltage. (16) 4. Explain the working of voltage commutated chopper with aid of circuit diagram and necessary waveforms. Derive an expression for its output voltage. (16) UNIT IV (INVERTERS) PART-A 1. What is meant by inverter? 2. What are the applications of an inverter? 3. What are the main classification of inverter? 4. Why thyristors are not preferred for inverters? 5. Give two advantages of CSI. 6. What is meant a series inverter? 7. What is meant a parallel inverter? 8. What are the applications of a series inverter? 9. What is meant by McMurray inverter? 10. What are the applications of a CSI? 11. What is meant by PWM control? 12. What are the advantages of PWM control? PART-B 1. Describe the operation of series inverter with aid of diagrams. Describe an expression for output frequency, current and voltages. What are the disadvantages of basic series inverter? (16) 2. State different methods of voltage control inverters. Describe about PWM control in inverter. (16) 3. Explain the operation of 3 _ bridge inverter for 180 degree mode of operation with aid of relevant phase and line voltage waveforms. (16) UNIT V (AC VOLTAGE CONTROLLER) PART-A 1. What does ac voltage controller mean? 2. What are the applications of ac voltage controllers? 3. What are the advantages of ac voltage controllers? 4. What are the disadvantages of ac voltage controllers? 5. What are the two methods of control in ac voltage controllers? 6. What is the difference between ON-OFF control and phase control? 7. What is meant by cyclo-converter? 8. What are the two types of cyclo-converters? 9. What is meant by step-up cyclo-converters? 10. What is meant by step-down cyclo-converters? 11. What are the applications of cyclo-converter? PART-B 1. Explain the operation of multistage control of AC voltage controllers with neat diagram. (16) 2. Explain the operation of 1_ AC voltage controller with RL load. (16) 3. Explain the operation of 1_ sinusoidal AC voltage controller. (16) 4. For a 1 _ voltage controller, feeding a resistive load, draw the waveforms of source voltage, gating signals, output voltage and voltage across the SCR. Describe the working with reference to waveforms drawn. (16) EE 1352 - ELECTRICAL MACHINE DESIGN UNIT I FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS Part – A (2 MARKS) 1. What are the main dimensions of a rotating machine? 2. Define gap contraction factor for slots. 3. Define total gap contraction factor. 4. What is Carter‟s Co-efficient? What is its usefulness in the design of dc machine? 5. What is the effect of salient poles on the air gap mmf? 6. Define Field form factor. 7. List the methods used for estimating the mmf for tapered teeth. 8. What is real and apparent flux density? 9. In which way the air gap length influence the design of machines? 10. What is magnetic leakage and leakage co-efficient? 11. What is fringing flux? 12. What are the differences between leakage flux and fringing flux? 13. What is magnetic circuit and what are it‟s constituents. 14. Define gap contraction factor for ducts. 15. What is tooth top leakage flux? 16. What is Zig – Zag leakage flux? 17. What is skew leakage flux? 18. How will you minimize the leakage flux? 19. Define slot space factor. 20. Discuss the parameters governing the selection of conductor dimensions. Part – B (16 MARKS) 1. a) Discuss in detail about the cooling methods adopted in transformers. (10) b) What are the advantages of hydrogen as a better cooling medium for turbo alternators? (6) 2. a) Discuss about the various types of thermal ratings of the electrical machines (10) b) Discuss about the various Insulating materials and their grades. (6) 3. a) Explain in detail about the MMF calculation for tapered Teeth. (10) b) Discuss in detail about the real and apparent flux densities. (6) 4. a) Write about specific magnetic loading and specific electric loading. (8) b) Explain about the cooling of Turbo alternators. (8) 5. a) What are the direct and indirect cooling methods used in electrical machines (8) b) Derive an equation for the slot leakage reactance (8) 6. a) Discuss in detail about the unbalance magnetic pull. (8) b) Explain about the air gap reluctances in different types of armature slots (8) UNIT II DC MACHINES Part – A (2 MARKS) 1. Define specific magnetic loading. 2. Define specific electric loading. 3. What is output equation? 4. Write the expressions for output coefficients 5. List the factors that influence the separation of D and L of a dc machine. 24.3 m in diameter and . 500 V. What is the importance of temperature as a factor in the life of insulating materials? 35. What is back pitch? 26. What are the factors to be considered for estimating the length of air gap in dc machines? 30. 28. 960 rpm. Why large size machines have large rating time constant? 37. State the difference between the armature winding of dc machine and the stator winding of ac machine. Why the voltage wave form of an ac armature winding contains harmonics. What is magnetization curve? 14. How the area of cross-section of a conductor is estimated? 18. What is the effect of interpole on main pole? 33. What is the fundamental requirement of a good insulating material? 34. Obtain the main dimensions of the core. 400 V. 32. Why the conductor eddy current loss increases if embedded deeper in the slot. 25. In a dc machine what are the limiting values of armature diameter? 9. What is square pole criterion? 7. a) A 4 pole. ? 40. What is equalizer connection? 29. The pole faces are square and the ratio of pole arc to pole pitch is 0. Why ac armature winding is always made short-pitched. a) A 4 pole.6. Take Bav = 0. Define commutator pitch. 39.What are the factors that decide the choice of specific electric loading? 13. What is front pitch? 27. 36. What are the ranges of specific magnetic loading and specific electric loading in dc machine? 19. (12) b) Enumerate the procedure for shunt field design (4) 2. 25 HP. What are the parameters that are affected by the number of poles? 21. What are the factors to be considered for the selection of number of poles in a dc machine? 20. What is un-balanced magnetic pull and how its ill-effects can be overcome? 10. Define winding pitch. 600 rpm series motor has an efficiency of 82%.cond/m. What are the factors that affect the size of rotating machines? 11. What are the problems encountered in estimating the mmf for teeth? 16. What are the effects of armature reaction? 31. shunt motor has an armature of 0. What are the factors that modify the reluctance of air gap 15.58 Wb/m2 and ac = 17000 amp. 22. . What are the factors that decide the choice of specific magnetic loading? 12. What factor decides the number of turns in a winding? 17.67. How the polarities of inter pole are decided. 38. Why equalizer connections are necessary for the armature winding of a dc machine with lap winding. Why square pole is preferred? 23. Part – B (16 MARKS) 1. Why mineral insulating oils are the most widely used liquid insulation. List the various L/_ ratios used for separation of D and L in induction motor. 8. List the advantages and disadvantages of large number of poles. What are the salient features of a distribution transformer? 4. Assume suitable values where it‟s necessary? (10) ii) Discuss the choice of poles and speed in DC machine.cond. 10 poles generator. The average gap density is 0. (6) 5.7 and the full load efficiency is 90 % (6) 7. current density at brush contact =75x10-3 A/mm2 brush pressure = 14. mean length of turn = 1.0m. 230V. 230V. 1400 rpm.2V. of cooling surface = 650. The commutator diameter is 0. (6) 6. mmf per pole = 7200 AT. (10) ii) Distinguish between lap winding and wave winding. i) Determine the total commutator losses for a 1000kw. outer and end surfaces of the cylindrical field coil for cooling. The pole arc should be about 70% of pole pitch and length of core about 1. watts per sq. brush contact drop= 2. 1400 rpm.5 Wb / m2 respectively. 110V. Allow 10 ampere for the field current and assume a voltage drop of 4 volts for the armature circuit. The number of slots is 288. winding depth = 3.75m.7 and the full load efficiency is 90% (4) 3. dc generator allowing a drop of 15 % in the regulator.5 wb/m2 and the ampere conductors / meter are 22000. i) Derive the out put equation of a DC machine. The following design date are available. (16) 8. shunt motor so that a square pole face is obtained. 1000 rpm. The average gap density is 0. Specify the winding to be used and also determine suitable values for the number of armature conductors and slots. 600rpm. 4 pole shunt generator. Assume 2 micro – ohm / cm as the resistivity of copper at the working temperature.2 m in length.22 m. Why the area of yoke in a transformer is kept 15-20% more than that of core? 3.5 cm.0. Determine the diameter and length of armature core for a 55kW. What are the advantages and disadvantages of stepped cores? . i) Design a suitable commutator for a 350kw. 6poles DC generator having an armature diameter of 0. The ratio of pole arc to pole pitch is 0. 800rpm. co efficiency of friction = 0.4 mm greater than the bare wire. Calculate the inner. What is the cause of noise in transformer? 2. (16) UNIT III TRANSFORMERS Part – A (2 MARKS) 1.2 m.7kv/ m2. shunt generator so that a square pole face is obtained.7 wb/m2 and the ampere conductors / meter are 25000. i) List out the procedure involved in design of shunt field winding and series field winding? (10) ii) Find the main dimension and number of poles of a 37 kW. (12) b) Find the main dimension and number of poles of a 37 kW. The ratio of pole arc to pole pitch is 0. Take diameter of the insulated wire to be 0. 500V. Determine the shunt field winding of a 6-pole.1 times the pole arc.28. number of commutator segments and number of conductors in each slot for an average flux density of approximately 0. Given that commutator diameter is 1. In transformers. 440V. 440V. assuming specific electric and magnetic loadings of 26000 amp. / m and 0. Why circular coils are preferred in transformers? 6.55wb/m2Wb / m2 in the air gap. (10) ii) Discuss the significance of specific loadings in the design of DC machines. Give full details of a suitable winding including the number of slots. why the low voltage winding is placed near the core? 5. (6) 4.cm. List the different methods of cooling of transformers. What are the draw backs of sandwich winding? 17. i) Determine the core and yoke dimensions for a 250 kVA. The diameter of the tube is 50 mm and are spaced 75 mm from each other. 15. core type transformer. Maximum flux density = 1. i) Estimate the main dimensions including winding conductor area of a 3 phase delta-star core type transformer rated at 300KVA. single phase. _ = 2. What are the important properties of steel used in transformer core? 13. the number of turns and cross sectional area of conductors in the primary and secondary windings of a 250 kVA. _ = 2. Depth of stacked core / width of central limb = 2. i) Determine the main dimensions of the core. 1-phase. Why the cross section of yoke is taken greater than core section. 50 Hz. (8) ii) Discuss about the various methods of cooling of power transformer.1 T.1 T. (10) ii) Explain how to estimate the no-load current of a three phase transformer.5 A /mm2. (6) 2. 6600 / 400 V. 18. the window space factor = 0. The transformer tank is 1. i) A 250 kVA.6 kV / 415V is to be . Mention clearly the condition for maximum efficiency for a transformer 20. Part – B (16 MARKS) 1.33. Approximate volt per turn = 7.9 (stacking factor) (10) ii) Derive the output equation of a single phase transformer. core type transformer. 6600 / 400 V. to operate at a frequency of 50 Hz.4 m is available. (10) ii) Describe about the effect of frequency on Iron losses. In mines applications transformer with oil cooling should not be used why? 12.32. 16. What are the types of windings. single phase core type transformer operating on 6. EMF / turn = 8. Emf per turn = 12 V.28. Name a few insulating materials that are used in transformers. Bm = 1.0.7. How the heat dissipation is improved by the provision of cooling tubes? 11. the cross sectional area of conductors in primary and secondary windings of a 100 kVA. Ratio of magnetic to electric loadings = 560 x 10-8. Mention the main function of cooling medium used in transformers. Kw = 0. current density = 3A / mm2 and Bmax = 1. 2200 / 480 V.2 Wb / m2. Design a suitable scheme for cooling tubes if the average temperature rise is to be limited to 35°C. Ratio of height to width of window is 2.5 A / mm2. height of window / width of window = 2. by assuming the following data. 50Hz. (10) 6.5 m in plan. The distance between the centers of the square section core is twice the width of the core. 3-phase core type transformer has a total loss of 4800 watts on full load. Current density = 2.28 and Sf = 0. 19. A suitable core with 3 steps having a circumscribing circle of 0.6. 50 Hz. single phase shell type transformer. (8) 5. What do you mean by stacking factor? What is its usual value? 8. i) Derive the voltage per turn equation of a transformer.05 m. (6) ii) Calculate the dimensions of the core. How iron losses occurring in transformers can be minimized. the number of turns.5 V. 6600/400 V. Why the efficiency of a transformer is so high? 21. The average height of the tube is 1. (6) 3. ratio of effective cross – sectional area of core to square of diameter of circumscribing circle is 0.5 volt. commonly used for LV winding.5 A/mm2. 10. i) A 375 kVA.6. (6) 4.25 m in height and 1 m x 0.25m diameter and leg spacing of 0. What is tertiary winding? 9. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using higher flux density in the core? 14. kw= 0. Window space factor = 0. (16) 2. Why do die-cast rotors is extensively used in making 3 phase cage induction motor? 5.5V per turn and a flux density of 1. What types of slots are preferred in induction motor? 11. What are the advantage and disadvantage of large air gap length in induction motor? 13. (10) 7. Why the harmonic leakage flux in squirrel cage induction rotor is not present? 3.62 times the larger stampings.05 x 0. width and height as 0.34 m2. The width of smaller stampings may be approximately 0. 50Hz.85. What is integral slot winding and fractional slot winding? 10. Neglect the top and bottom surface of the tank as regards the cooling. 1-phase. What is the advantage of having wound rotor construction? 8. _ = 0. natural oil cooled transformer has the dimensions length. Why the length of air gap in induction motor is kept minimum possible? 4.85. Why the air gap of an induction motor is made as small as possible? 18. 6 pole. Find the number of tubes for this transformer. Total loss is 5325 W.F = 0. ac = 20000 AC/m. (16) UNIT IV THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTORS Part-A (2 marks) 1. 12.1 kW. Why does induction motor designed with high specific electric loadings have smaller over load capacity? 2. What happens if the air-gap of an induction motor is doubled? 19. air gap length. slots / phase and cross sectional area of stator and rotor conductors for three phase. 6 pole.9 . The loss dissipating surface of tank is 5. What are the factors which influence the power factor of an induction motor? 14. length of each tube = 1m. What are the factors to be considered for estimating the length of air gap in induction motor? 16. temperature rise = 40°C. L / _ = 0. What are the special features of the cage rotor on induction machine? . What are the criteria used for the choice for number of slots of an induction machine? 15. Design a suitable core section and yoke section using two sizes of stampings.6 m high.1 T. The motor is suitable for star – delta starting. diameter of tube = 50mm. 400V. What is the condition for obtaining the maximum torque in case of 3 phase induction motor? 20. The tank of 1250 kVA. The full load loss = 13. State the assumptions made. loss dissipation due to radiations = 6 W / m2-°C. stator slots. loss dissipation due to convection = 6.5 W / m2°C. P.62 x 1. List out the methods to improve the power factor of an induction motor? 17.45 wb/m2. 50 Hz. improvement in convection due to provision of tubes = 40%. squirrel cage induction motor has the . 15HP. The mean temperature rise is limited to 35°C. List the undesirable effects produced by certain combination of rotor and stator slots.85 m respectively. core type transformer is 1. Find the area of tubes and number of tubes needed.65 x 1. What is hot spot temperature? 7. (6) ii) The tank of a 500 kVA. 975 rpm induction motor. three phase. Bav = 0. A 15 kW. Part-B (16 Marks) 1.designed with approximately 7. Why do 3 phase squirrel cage induction motor finds wide application in industry? 6. Estimate the main dimension. What is rotating transformer? 9.55 x 1. 50Hz. 82.86.85 lag.000 amp. State three important features of turbo alternator rotors. an open circuit is to be about 400V at no load find suitable rotor winding. 50Hz. current in each stator conductor = 17. stator slots. stator bore dia = 0. power factor = 0. power factor = 0. Discuss how ventilation and cooling of a large high speed alternator is carried out. double layer stator winding. 20. 3 phase. 500V. What is critical speed of alternator? 14. D=0.125 m. What is the effect of specific electric loading on t he copper losses? 12. If slip ring voltage. What are the functions of damper winding? 15. 1200rpm. Y connected induction motor.000 amp. 13. L/_ = 1. Why it is necessary to cool an electrical machine? 18. number of slots per pole.32m. 4pole. What are the disadvantages of designing the alternators with higher gap flux density? 9. The full speed is to be 950 rpm. 4. (16) 3. 3phase. Calculate number of rotor slots. 10. 8 pole induction motor has a star connected stator winding accommodated is 63 slots with a 6 conductors / slot. 50 Hz. 50 Hz. use copper for rotor bar and end ring conductor.9 and the efficiency is 0. Resistivity of copper is 0. stator turns per phase and cross sectional area of stator and rotor conductors for 3 phase. What material user for the construction of turbo alternator rotor.5T.86. What is approximately the run away speed of Kaplan turbine. What is run-away speed? 5. (16) 7. Assume missing data if any. number conductors / slot. 10 poles.25m.closed slots are generally preferred for the stator of induction motors. _ = 0.cond/m. 110 kW. A 90 kW. B av = 0. the number of stator slots and the number of conductors for a 20 kW. _ = 0. Why salient pole construction is rejected for high speed alternators. Estimate the main dimensions. What is Short Circuit Ratio (SCR)? 16 What is the effect of SCR on synchronous machine performance? 17. Bav =0. 600 rpm. (16) UNIT V SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES Part – A (2 MARKS) 1. 3. delta connected induction motor.F = 0. Write the expression for the output coefficient of synchronous machine. Design a suitable cage rotor giving number of rotor slots section of each bar and section of each ring. number of conductor / stator slot = 24. 440V.F = 0.85 (16) 4. coil span. Design a cage rotor for a 18. Write down the main consideration in the selection of specific loadings for the design of induction motor.8HP. axial length of stator core = 0. ac = 28. Part – B (16 Marks) . 2. What is the effect of specific magnetic loading on the size of the machine? 11. number of stator slots = 54. 400V. P.following data. 7.5 A. air-gap length.9. three phase. 6. 3300V.14m. power factor = 0. Why semi. 6.48 Wb/m2. What are the advantages of designing the alternators with higher flux density?. L/_ = 1. Zss/Ss= 54. 1000rpm. 8. (16) 5. Determine the approximate diameter and length of stator core. What is limiting factor for the diameter of synchronous machine? 19.cond/m. induction motor having full load efficiency of 0. Mention the factors to be considered for the design of field system in alternator.8.25. ac = 26. L=0.86.02 _m. full load P. peripheral speed = 160 m/s. Determine specific electric loading and magnetic loading. from the given data Bav= 0. The runway speed is 1:8 times synchronous speed. Discuss the requirements of high conductivity materials.68 tesla. (16) 6. 3300V. Determine the main dimension for 1000 kVA. (16) 2. Use rectangular pole. 13. (iii) number of stator conductors. 8. Write notes on temperature gradient in conductors placed in slots.98. 50Hz. three phase. What are the limitations of design of electrical apparatus? Explain them. Derive the voltage per turn equation for a single phase transformer. Assume sinusoidal flux distribution use single layer winding and star connection foe stator.35 m. 500 rpm and connected three phase salient pole machine diameter. three phase water wheel generator. Explain the various factors that affected by the selection of number of poles in DC machines. 10. Explain the concept of determining the temperature gradients in conductors placed in slots 9. the diameter is 2. 375 rpm alternator. 6. 12. synchronous speed ns = 50 rps. Find main dimension of 100 MVA. Kws = 0. 11. 3300V. The peripheral speed should not exceed 65 m/s at normal running speed in order to limit runaway peripheral speed. (16) 5. Determine for a 15 MVA.1.cond/m. 50 Hz. Maximum flux density in air gap should be approximately 0. Assume specific magnetic loading = 0. 20Hz. 7. 300 rpm. The average air gap flux density = 0. ac = 30000 AC/m and Kws = 0. Determine suitable number of slots conductors / slot for stator winding of three phase. 50 Hz. (16) 3. The average gap density = 0. 5. .55 wb/m2 and ampere conductors / m = 28000. Derive an expression to find the specific slot permeance of a fully opened rectangular slot. 250 rpm. _ = 5A/mm2. Using same loading determine the data for 1250 kVA. (ii) core length.4 m. 11 kV. three phase star connected alternator having 2 circuits / phase. three phase alternator has 180 slots with 5 conductors / slot . 2. 150 rpm. Assume a suitable value for L / _ in order that bolted on pole construction is used for which machine permissible peripheral speed is 50 m/s. ac = 36000 amp.55 Wb/m2. 2pole. with the help of equations 3.955. Explain the design of induction motors using circle diagram. Explain the design of rotor bars and slots. 4. What are the various types of synchronous machines based on rotor construction? Bring out the constructional differences between them. (16) 4. 6600V. Discuss the effects of short circuit ratio on the performance of a synchronous machine. Writes notes on classification of insulating materials.9 wb / m 2. 50 Hz. Determine for 500kVA.3m and axial length of core = 0. star connected turbo alternator (i) airgap diameter. Explain the choice of specific magnetic and electric loadings of synchronous machines.2 m and core length = 0. The winding is star connected with one circuit / phase. 3300V. (16) OTHER IMPORTANT QUESTIONS 1. core length for square pole face number of stator slots and number of stator conductors for double layer winding. IF stator core is 0. 300 rpm alternator. 11kV. 50 Hz. A 1000 kVA.65 wb/m2 and ampere conductors / m are 40000.single layer winding with full pitch coil is used. 50 Hz. Field ampere turns/pole=9000.15 0.55wb/m2 and ampere conductors are 1 7000 amp. air gap length. i. 3 phase. 16. flux per pole=0.2cm wide. Thickness of insulating varnish=0. gross core length=48cm.7 tesla. air gap length= 0. i. Mean length of turn=1. stator turns/phase and cross sectional area of stator conductors for a 3 phase..43 17. Ratio slot opening/gap length 1 2 3 3. Calculate the no load current of a 400V. Explain the dispersion coefficient and how does it affect the performance of induction motor. 50Hz single phase core type transformer the of which are follow as. 970 rpm induction motor suitable for a star delta starting.i Discuss the factors that influence the choice of number of poles o f a dc machine ii.056wb. Calculate the temperature rise at the end of the period if the temperature rise s of 20oC and 35oC occur at 1 hour and 2 hours respectively on full load. Derive the expression for temperature rise – time curve for an electrical machine ii. Take full load copper loss as 2. full load efficiency 0. 50 Hz. given the following particulars. 20. How do you estimate the ampere turns required for an interpole with compensating winding ii. Receptivity of wire=0. Depth of coil=35*10-3m Voltage across field coil=40V. A 4 poles 25hp.28 0. obtain the main dimensions of the core and particulars of a suitable armature winding.5*103Kg/m 3 19. There are 8 ventilating ducts each of 1. The pole faces are square and ratio of pole arc to pole pitch is 0. density of core material 7.5 4 Carter‟s coefficient 0.85.67. i.45 wb/m 2 and 23000 ac/m respectively. i. ii. 4 pole. ratio of core length to pole pitch 0. 500V.5times the core loss. A single phase transformer is on full load for 1 ½ hrs.6cm. Derive the relation ship between real and apparent flux densities ii Determine the mmf required for the air gap of a dc machine having open slots.cond/m. Maximum flux density 0.14. Power dissipation from total surface of the coil <700w/m2 Check your design for power dissipation 15. The data given below is applicable for slots and ducts. What are the factors to be considered in the selection of magnetic and electric loading in a 3 ph induction motor? ii. 400V. Gross core section=100cm2. Estimate the main dimensions. joints equivalent to 0. i. Length of mean magnetic path =200cm. Obtain the expression for leakage reactance of a single phase core type transformer ii. . No.7 tesla. stacking factor 0.89.1cm.9. Assume magnetic and electric loading as 0.1mmair gap. 600rpm series motor have an efficiency of 82%. no load for 1 hour and 25% overload for 1 hour. 18 .2mm. of stator slots.Design a shunt field coil of a dc motor from the following data. Take B av=0. i. Calculate the equivalent resistance of rotor per phase referred to stator for the following data o f a 400V.88 and power factor 0.37 0. Slot pitch=4.3cm. pole arc=18cm. 20 HP.4 m.021 ohm/m and mm 2. 50 Hz cage motor. The temperature starts from cold in both the cases. 6 pole.41 0. specific core loss at 50 Hz and 0. slot opening=2. Stator slots 48. 5cm 2. 50 Hz. 11KV. 6600V salient pole alternator has the following data. A 1250 KVA. 3000rpm. star connected alternator. Also determine the value of flux. armature ampere conductors per meter=28000. one bar per rotor slot. 21. Ampere cond/m=50000. Design suitable values of diameter and length of a 75 MVA. ratio of pole pitch=28mm.95. Air gap diameter= 1. current density in damper bars 3A/mm2. length of each bar 12 cm.6 Tesla.11 Kw Bav ac L Va *10-3 Where Va= peripheral speed in m/sec ii. Given: Average gap density=0. mean diameter of end rings 18cm.45m. KVA=1. conductor/slot.conductors per slot 30. Specific resistance is 0. number of poles=20. . 3 phase.6220cm2. length of core=0.6m. number of turns/phase and size of alternator conductor. Peripheral speed = 180 m/sec.021 _/m length per mm area. area of bar 0. Full pitch winding with phase spread for stator. i. Current density=6A/mm2 22. area of ring 1. 3phase. rotor slots 53. Winding factor=0. Design a suitable damper winding for the machine. Prove that with usual notations that the KVA rating o f a synchronous generator is given by the following relation. Δ 30 MVA. 8.1.What is a single line diagram? 2. 12.List the different components of power system. Neglect resistance and use a base of 100 MVA. 4.What is a bus? 13. 7. 11/220 kV. 16. 5.Define per unit value.How are the base values chosen in per unit representation of a power system? 15. 11 kV. 25 kV. PART – B 1. Calculate it’s per unit reactance for a base of 50 MVA and 10 kV 3. (Δ/Y).What is bus impedance matrix? 17. X = 15% Y . Generator: 40 MVA. X = 15% (16) . motor and transformer are given below.POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS QUESTION BANK UNIT – I THE POWER SYSTEM – AN OVERVIEW AND MODELLING PART – A (TWO MARK QUESTIONS) 1. X” = 20% Synchronous motor : 50 MVA.What is the need for system analysis in planning and operation of power system? 9.What are the approximations made in reactance diagram? 14. 11 kV has a reactance of 20%. 220 kV in 50 Ω line.Define primitive matrix.Write the equation converting the p.Write the equation for per unit impedance. 33/220 kV. impedance expressed in one base to another base. Draw the reactance diagram for the power system shown in Fig. X” = 30% Y – Y Transformer : 40 MVA.How is generator in transient analysis represented? 10.Draw equivalent π circuit of a transformer.Represent a short transmission line of 3 phase into its equivalent single phase circuit.A generator rated at 30 MVA.u.What are the advantages of per unit system? 11. 6. The ratings of the generator.Write any two advantages of per-unit representation. 5 kV.2 Ohm Tr 1 : 10 MVA. 0. lagging Load B : 40 MW. Write short notes on: . short circuit and stability studies.4 Ohm Gen 2 : 10 MVA.6 Ohm Generator No. 33/6. Draw the reactance diagram using base of 100 MVA. X” = 1. X = 15% Star-delta transformer : 30 MVA. Explain the modeling of generator. (16) 4. 10.0 Ohm per phase on HT side Transmission line : 22. Draw the structure of an electrical power system and describe the components of the system with typical values (16) 3. transmission line and transformer for power flow.6 kV.2 kV. 6. 11kV.2. 11/220 kV.6 kV. X” = 1.5 Ohms per phase (16) 6. 5 Gen 1 : 20 MVA.3 Fig.. (16) 5.2 Ohm per phase on HT side Tr 2 : 10 MVA. (i) What are the step by step procedures to be followed to find the per-unit impedance diagram of a power system? (4) (ii) Draw the structure of an electrical power system and describe the components of the system with typical values. 6. 6. 3: 25 MVA.85 lagging p. 6.5 and draw the positive sequence impedance (reactance) diagram. 220 kV in 50Ώ line.5 kV.5 Ohm/phase Load A : 15 MW. X” = 0. load. Fig. 3 One-line representation of a simple power system.2 Ohm per phase on HT side Transformer T2 (3phase) : 15 MVA. X” = 30% Star-Star transformer : 40 MVA. Generator No. X = 15. 33/11 kV. Obtain the per unit impedance (reactance) diagram of the power system shown in Fig. 2: 15 MVA.6 kV. Choosing a common base of 20 MVA. 10. 25 kV. compute the per unit impedance (reactance) of the components of the power system shown in Fig. 33/220 kV. X = 16 Ohm per phase on HT side Transmission line : 20. (16) 7. X” = 1.2 Ohm Generator No. 33/6. 33/11 kV. X” = 20% Synchronous motor : 50 MVA. 11 kv.9 p.f. X = 15. X” = 1. X = 15%. X = 16.56 Ohm Transformer T1 (3phase) : 15 MVA.6 kV.2 kV. (12) 8. 1: 30 MVA. 0. Generator : 40 MVA.f. What are the three classes of buses of a power system used in power flow analysis? What are the quantities to be specified and to be computed for each class during power flow solution? 4.u.POWER FLOW ANALYSIS PART.u reactance by taking transformer rating as base values.5 kV Generator has a synchronous reactance of 0.T side of transformer.(i) Single line diagram (5) (ii) Change of base. A 120 MVA. What do you mean by flat voltage start? 8.u reactance by taking generator rating as base values (5) (ii) Calculate the p. (6) 9. (6) KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING.1 p.u reactance for a base value of 100 MVA and 220 kV on H. What do you mean by an Infinite bus? . PUNALKULAM 3 POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS UNIT – II . Write the need for slack bus/swing bus. (i) Calculate the p. 230/18 kV (star/delta) with X = 0. What is a slack bus? 5.A 1. (5) (iii) Reactance of synchronous machines. What is meant by acceleration factor in Gauss-Seidel load flow solution and its best value? 6. What is the information that is obtained from load flow study? 2.u and it is connected to a transmission line through a Transformer rated 150 MVA. (5) (iii) Calculate the p. What is P-Q bus in power flow analysis? 7. 3.15 p. 19. 12. Determine the reduced admittance matrix by eliminating node 4. Find the bus admittance matrix for the given network. What technique is used to solve load flow problems using Zbus (Bus impedance matrix)? 11. (i) Derive the power flow equation in polar form. PART – B 1. Define load bus. Explain the step by step procedure for the NR method of load flow studies. Derive load flow algorithm using Gauss – Seidel method with flow chart and discuss the advantages of the method. (16) KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING. (8) 8. Explain clearly the algorithmic steps for solving load flow equation using Newton – Raphson method (polar form) when the system contains all types of buses. Compare Gauss-Seidel method.u. (8) (ii)Write the advantages and disadvantages of Gauss-Seidel method and Newton-Raphson method. Find the bus impedance matrix for the system whose reactance diagram is shown in fig. The values are marked in p. (16) 3. PUNALKULAM 4 POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS 6. What are the constraints to be satisfied to solve load flow equation for a given bus load configuration? 10. (16) 7. All the impedances are in p. How a load flow study is performed? 16. (16) 9. (16) 5. Derive load flow algorithm using Newton-Raphson method with flow chart and state the importance of the method. (16) 2. What is regulating Transformer and boosting Transformer? 15. The parameters of a 4-bus system are as under: . What is off-nominal transformer ratio? 14.u. Newton-Raphson method and FDPF method with respect to number of iteration taken for convergence and memory requirements. Explain the step by step computational procedure for the Gauss-Seidel method of load flow studies. (16) 4.9. Assume that the generators at the P-V buses have adequate Q Limits. What are the disadvantages in reactive power compensation by shunt capacitors and how it can be overcome? 13. u.4 j 0. V = 1.Bus code Line impedance Charging admittance (pu) (pu) 1-2 0.01 Draw the network and find bus admittance matrix. With a flow chart.? Fig . (i) Compare Gauss-Seidel method and Newton-Raphson method of load flow studies (6) (ii) Fig.04 3-4 0. What is the reason for Transients during short circuits? 6.0 j 0.05/00 p.SYMMETRICAL FAULT ANALYSIS PART. Pl = 4 p. Bus 2 : PV bus. Write the relative frequency of occurrence of various types of faults. What are the assumptions made in short circuit studies of a large power system network? 4.u. Ql = 2 p.2 + j 0.8 j 0. V= 1. What are the reactance used in the analysis of symmetrical faults on the synchronous machines as its equivalent reactance? 5.03 2-4 0.u.02 2-3 0. Bus 3 : PQ bus.2 3.97 p. 2.2. if the pre-fault voltage at the fault point is 0.A 1.25 +j 1.1 + j0.u.3 + j 0. Bus 1 : Slack bus. Explain the step by step computational procedure for the Gauss-Seidel method of load flow studies. Neglect limits on reactive power generation. (16) 10.9 j 0. (16) 12.02 1-3 0.8 j 0. Find the fault current in Fig. PUNALKULAM 5 POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS UNIT – III ..u.12 shows a three bus power system. Pg = 3 p.u.0 p. (10) KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING. Carry out one iteration of load flow solution by Gauss Seidel method. . explain the NR Iterative method for solving load flow problem.2 + j 0. (16) 11. 12 p. 3 Find the sub transient symmetrical fault current in p. A generator is connected through a transformer to a synchronous motor the sub transient reactance of generator and motor are 0. All the reactances are calculated on a common base.05 p.u. 7.08 p.15 p. The output current of generator is 1 p.u.8 p. List the various types of shunt faults.u. A 60 MVA. A three phase fault occurs at the terminals of the motor when the terminal voltage of the generator is 0.0 p. Phase to neutral voltage of the generator at no load is 1. The sub transient reactance X”d of the generator is 0. The generator is unloaded when a symmetrical fault is suddenly placed at point p as shown in Fig.u. Mention two objectives of short circuit analysis. A three –phase transmission line operating at 33 KV and having a resistance and reactance of 5 Ohms and 15 Ohms respectively is connected to the generating station bus-bar through a 5000 KVA step up transformer which has a reactance of 0.u.u. and 0. (16) 3. What is short circuit capacity of a network bus? Define the same. 11.000 KVA having 0. reactance and another 5000 KVA having . 11/132 KV Δ/Y transformer.u.1 p.u. and 0. on a 60 MVA base. 9.u. PUNALKULAM 6 POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS Fig. amperes and actual amperes on both side of the transformer. Y connected 11 KV synchronous generator is connected to a 60 MVA. How do short circuits occur in a power system? 8. generator and motor. Connected to the bus-bars are two alternators. Explain the step by step procedure for systematic fault analysis using bus impedance matrix. 10. leading. while the transformer reactance is 0.35 p. The leakage reactance of the transformer is 0. What is the need for short circuit analysis? PART – B 1. (16) 2. in the fault.u. Find the sub transient current in p.u. 3 4. Use the terminal voltage of generator as reference vector. are 10.f.Define short circuit MVA.u.1 p.9 p. on the same base. (16) KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING. respectively. When a symmetrical 3 phase fault occurs at the motor terminals. The three-phase rating of the transformer is 25. Calculate the KVA at a short circuit fault between phases occurring at the high voltage terminals of the transformers.000 KVA. (16) 6.870 .0. 8 Fig.0 p.9 kV. Find the sub-transient current in the generator.7 one line diagram 8 Determine Zbus for the network shown below in Fig. (16) 5. 8 where the impedances labeled 1 through 6 are shown in per unit. ٨ = 5000 km . for the fault specified.9 p. 7 The sub transient reactance X”d of each motor is 20% on a base of 5000 KVA. (16) KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING. 8 Branch impedances are in p. determine (i) the sub transient current in the fault (ii) the sub transient current in breaker A and (iii) the symmetrical short-circuit interrupting current in the fault and in breaker A. 11 KV having 15% sub-transient reactance are connected through transformers and a line as shown in fig. 13. The line has a reactance of 10% on a base of 25 MVA.9 kV when a three-phase fault occurs at point p. with a leakage reactance of 10%. With a help of a detailed flowchart. determine a nominal voltage level for the transmission line. A three phase power of 700 MW is to be transmitted to a substation located 315 kM from the source of power. (i) Based on the practical line load ability equation.5 power factor leading and a terminal voltage of 10. The motor is drawing 15 MW at 0. and branch numbers are in parentheses. Vr + 0. 6.. 66 Kv.u.06 p. (8) 7.8 kV generator with X”d = 15% is connected through a transformer to a bus which supplies four identical motors as shown in Fig. PUNALKULAM 7 POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS Fig.u. A 25. 13. explain how a symmetrical fault can be analyzed using . zc = 320 Ώ. 8. motor and fault.8/6. The bus voltage at the motors is 6. The transformers are rated 25 MVA< 11/66 KV and 66/11 KV with leakage reactance of 10% each. (16) Fig. (8) (ii) For the transmission voltage level obtained in (i) Calculate the theoretical maximum power that can be transferred by the transmission line.u. Preserve all buses.u.000 KVA. and Ś = 36.9 kV. For a preliminary line design assume the following parameters: Vs = 1.6 KV. reactance. A synchronous generator and a synchronous motor each rated 25 MVA. (10) 10. X”d = X1 = X2 = 20% X0 = 4%. (i) For the radial network shone below a three phase fault occurs at F. 3. 20kV. Draw the equivalent sequence network diagram for a single phase to ground fault in a power system. (16) Fig. 4. Determine the fault current and the line voltage at 11 kV bus under fault conditions.A 1. . Draw the equivalent sequence network for a Line-Line bolted fault in a power system.SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS AND UNBALANCED FAULT ANALYSIS PART. (6) KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING.11 the ratings and reactance of the machines and transformers are Machine 1 and 2 : 100 MVa.11 KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING. Xn = 5% Transformers T1 and T2 : 100 MVA. X = 8%. Draw each of the three sequence networks and find the zero sequence bus impedance matrixes by means of Zbus building algorithm. On a chosen base of 100 MVA. 2. 5.Zbus ? (16) 9. PUNALKULAM 8 POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS (ii) Explain the procedure for making short-circuit studies of a large power system networks using digital computers. 20 Δ/345 YkV . Draw the zero sequence equivalent network diagram for a 3 phase star connected alternator with reactance earthing. Write the symmetrical components of three phase system. PUNALKULAM 9 POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS UNIT – IV . 345 kV in the transmission line circuit the line reactances are X1 = X2 = 15% and X0 = 50%. Two synchronous machines are connected through three phase transformers to the transmission line shown in Fig. Draw the negative sequence diagram of a synchronous machine PART. G2 : 100 MVA. 11kV. (4) Fig. Draw the zero sequence network of a star-connected alternator with zero sequence impedance zgo when the neutral is grounded through an impedance zn .L2 : X+ = X. X0 = 4%. Compute the following in polar form 0120 1a i. 3 Gen 1 and 2 : 100 MVA. A single line to ground fault occurs on bus 4 of the system shown in Fig. 8. (16) 2.3 (i) Draw the sequence networks and (12) (ii) Compute the fault current. X0 = 5%.B 1. X’ = X’ ’ 20% . Consider a fault at phase a’. Xn = 5%. PUNALKULAM 10 POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS 3. 20/345 KV. 20kV.What is a sequence network? 6. What are unsymmetrical faults? 7.ja ii.2 Fig. X+ + X. (16) KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING. X0 = 10% on base of 100 MVA. Derive the expression for fault current in Line-to-Line fault on an unloaded generator in terms of symmetrical components. Transformer 1 and 2 : 100 MVA.2 G1. Draw the zero sequence diagram of a synchronous generator with neutral grounded 11. Draw the equivalent sequence network diagram for a single phase to ground fault in a power system. Determine the fault current and MVA at faulted bus for a line to ground (solid) fault at bus 4 as shown in Fig.= 15%. Xn = 6% T1 T2 : 100 MVA. Xl\leak = 9% L 1. Xleakage = 8% on 100 MVA . 11kV/220 kV. 9. 21aa 10.= 10%. 4. (16) 8. current limiting reactors of 2. (16) 5.5 6. 6. 345 kV in the transmission line circuit the line reactance are X1 =X2 = 15% and X0 = 50%. Assume zero sequence reactance for the generator and synchronous motors as 0. determine the sub transient current to ground at the fault. Draw an equivalent network showing the inter connection of networks to simulate double line to ground fault (16) KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING.06 p. X”d = X 1 = X2 = 20% X0 = 4%. The system is operating at nominal voltage without prefault currents when a bolted (Zf = o) single line-toground fault occurs on phase A at bus (3) Using the bus impedance matrix for each of the three sequence networks. PUNALKULAM 11 POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS Fig. PUNALKULAM 12 POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS UNIT. On a chosen base of 100 MVA.. Derive the expression for fault current in double line to ground fault on unloaded generator. 20 Kv. Two synchronous machines are connected through three-phase transformers to the transmission line as given below in Fig. 5. (16) KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING. Draw the Zero sequence diagram for the system whose one line diagram is shown in fig. Develop the connection of sequence network when a line to line fault occurs in a power network.2 The zero sequence reactance of the transmission line is j 300 Ώ. 20 kV. Determine the positive.5 Ώ are connected in the neutral of the generator and motor No. 6 7.Tr. 20y/345 YkV . Xn = 5%. Transformers T1 and T2 : 100 Mva.V . X= 8% Both transformers are solidly grounded on two sides. negative and zero sequence networks for the system shown in Fig. The ratings and reactance of the machines and transformers are Machines 1 and 2 : 100 MVA.A . (10) Fig. Line : X’ = X’ = 15% X0 = 50% on a base of 100 MVA.POWER SYSTEM STABILITY PART .u. Write any two assumptions made to simplify the transient Stability problems. 3. State equal area criterion. PART.1. Write the swing-equation for a single synchronous machine connected to an infinite bus 8. 11. Define infinite bus in a power system. 10. Define swing curve. Define steady state stability limit.B . 9. What is power system stability? 4. 13. List any two methods of improving the transient stability limit of power system. 5. What is the use of swing curve? 14. State equal area criterion. Write the concept of critical clearing angle. On what basis do you conclude that a given synchronous machine has lost stability 2. Define critical clearing time. Write the swing equation used for stability analysis of power system. In a 3-machine system having ratings S1 S2 and S3 and inertia constants M1 M2 and M3. 7. Write the power-angle equation of a synchronous machine connected to an Infinite bys and also the expression for maximum power transferable to the bus. what is inertia constant M and H of the equivalent system? 12. 6. 15. Recalculate the power limit with capacitance reactor replaced by an inductive reactor of the same value. Find the maximum power that can be transferred when the system is healthy. (6) . 7 9. The fault occurs at point p as shown in the figure.0 p. (16) 5 In the system shown in Fig.1 p. Describe the Runge-Kutta method of solution of swing equation for multi-machine systems. Calculate the limit of steady KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING. A fault occurs that increases the reactance between the generator and the infinite bus to 500% of the value before the fault. PUNALKULAM 14 state power with and without reactor switch closed. The generator is delivering 1. 6.2 pu. 5 a three phase static capacitive reactor of reactance 1 p. When the fault is isolated. power factor 0.u. The reactance values of various components are indicated on the diagram. The rotor has a moment of inertia of 10. power at the instant preceding the fault.0 p. Find the critical clearing angle for clearing the fault with simultaneous opening of the breakers 1 and 2. (i) A 2-pole 50 Hz.000 kgm2. Clearly state the assumption in deducing the swing equation.(i) Derive swing equation for a synchronous machine. 11kV turbo alternator has a ratio of 100 MW.5 Assume the internal voltage of the generator to be 1. (10) (ii) The generator shown in Fig. 7 is delivering power to infinite bus. Take Vt = 1. PUNALKULAM 13 POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING. Explain the modified Euler method of analyzing multi machine power system for stability with a neat flow chart. the maximum power that can be delivered is 75% of the original maximum value. Calculate H and M. (i) Derive the swing equation of a synchronous machine swinging against an infinite bus. (6) Fig.u. Determine the critical clearing angle for the condition described. (16) 7.u.u. (16) 3.85 lagging. (16) Fig. (16) 2.1. (8) 4. (8) (ii) A 50 Hz generator is delivering 50% of the power that it is capable of delivering through a transmission line to an infinite bus. per phase in connected through a switch at motor bus bar. Derive swing equation used for stability studies in power system. and motor to be1. What is big endian and little endian format? 10. What is Application Software? 6. What is a Queue? PART-B(16 Marks) . Compare single bus structure and multiple bus structure? 4. power at the instant preceding the fault. Define interrupt and ISR. Define clock rate. What the various addressing modes? 14. Define device interface. Define Bus. 15. Find the critical clearing angle for clearing the fault with simultaneous opening of the breakers 1 and 2. 2. What is stack? 22.A (2 marks) 1. What are the various units in the computer? 16.0 p. Define word length. What is multiprogramming or multitasking? 7. (16) CS1358 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING/CS1358/COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE 1 KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING QUESTION BANK SUBJECT CODE: CS1358 YEAR : III SUBJECT NAME: COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE SEM : VI UNIT-1 BASIC STRUCTURE OF COMPUTERS PART. What are condition code flags? 11. The reactance values of various components are indicated in the diagram. What are the different buses in a CPU? 3. The generator is delivering 1. What is the straight-line sequencing? 21. 8. What is an I/O channel? 17.(ii)A three phase fault is applied at the point P as shown below.u. What are the commonly used condition code flags? 12. Define addressing mode. What is a bus? 18. Describe the equal area criterion for transient stability analysis of a system. (10) 10. CS1358 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING/CS1358/COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE 2 19. What is System Software? Give an example? 5. Write down the basic performance equation? 9. 13. Explain the following the address instruction? 20. 3. (16) 4. (a) Discuss the principle of operation of carry-look ahead adders. (16) 4. Explain the various generations of Computer (16) 2. Write down the steps for restoring division and non-restoring division. (16) 3. Briefly explain the floating point representation with an example? 6. one-address. .A (2 marks) 1.A (2 marks) 1. What is the advantage of non restoring over restoring division? 5. 4. Write short notes on software performance and Memory locations and address . Define datapath. Define processor clock. What is booth algorithm? 3. Define micro routine and microinstruction.1. 4. What is control word? 10. 2. 8. Describe how the floating-point numbers are represented and used in digital arithmetic operations. What are the two attractive features of Booth algorithm? 9. (06) (b) Explain the working of floating point adder and subtractor. (a) Multiply the following pair of signed 2’s complements numbers using bit pair recoded multiplier: Multiplicand = 110011 Multiplier = 101100. What are stack and queues? Explain its use and give its differences (16) 6. Describe the different classes of instructions format with example. (a) Explain the representations of floating point numbers in detail. What are the ways to truncate guard bits? 8. Simulate the same for 23/5. (08) (b) Describe the algorithm for integer division with suitable example. What are the two approaches used for generating the control signals in proper sequence? 6. What are the two techniques for speeding up the multiplication operation? 10. How bit pair recoding of multiplier speeds up the multiplication process? CS1358 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING/CS1358/COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE 3 PART-B(16 Marks) 1. 2. (10) 5. Explain the basic functional units of a simple computer. (10) UNIT-3 BASIC PROCESSING UNIT PART. 5.(16) UNIT-2 ARITHMETIC PART. two-address and three-address instructions. (08) 2. What are guard bits? 7. Define register file. Explain various addressing modes found in modern processors (16) 5. What are the features of the hardwired control.address. What are the factors determine the control signals? 7. Give an example. (a) Design a multiplier that multiplies two 4-bit numbers. Give an example each of zero. (06) (b) Give the block diagram of the hardware implementation of addition and subtraction of signed number and explain its operations. (08) (b) Discuss the non-restoring division algorithm. What is micro programmed control? 9. (08) 3. Name two special purpose registers. (16) 2. What are the Characteristics of semiconductor RAM memories? 6. 12. What are instruction hazards? 18. What is branch folding? 22. Define memory access time. What is structural hazard? 20. What is data hazard? 17. (16) 4. 9. Define Memory Latency. Name the four steps in pipelining. What are the Characteristics of DRAMs? 8. What are asynchronous DRAMs? 10. CS1358 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING/CS1358/COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE 4 14. 3. (10) (b) Highlight the solutions of instruction hazards. What is vertical organization and horizontal organization? 13. What are synchronous DRAMs? 11. explain in detail about micro programmed control unit and explain its operations. What are SIMMs and DIMMs? . 16. 23. Define static memories. (08) (b) Explain the multiple bus organization in detail. (a) Explain the function of a six segment pipeline showing the time it takes to process eight tasks. Compare vertical organization and horizontal organization. Name some register output control signals. 2. (08) 6.A (2 marks) 1. What is called static and dynamic branch prediction? PART-B(16 Marks) 1. Define memory cycle time. What is the drawback of micro programmed control? 15. (06) UNIT-4 MEMORY SYSTEM PART. With a neat block diagram. (16) 3. What are called stalls? 19. 5. Define speculative execution. Explain in detail about instruction execution characteristics. Discuss the various hazards that might arise in a pipeline. Give the organization of typical hardwired control unit and explain the functions performed by the various blocks.11. (16) 5. (a) Explain the execution of an instruction with diagram. What are the Characteristics of SRAMs? 7. What are the remedies commonly adopted to overcome/minimize these hazards. What is double data rate SDRAMs? 12. What is said to be side effect? 21. What is MMU? CS1358 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING/CS1358/COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE 5 4. (a) Discuss the various mapping techniques used in cache memories. What are the objectives of USB? . What is DMA controller? 9. What are vectored interrupts? 4. What are RDRAMs? 16. Define ROM. Explain the organization of magnetic disks in detail. What is time slicing? 6. What is DMA? 8. (16) 4. What is memory Controller? 14. How many bits are there in the tag. What are the three types of buses? 12. Give the structure of semiconductor RAM memories. What is bus arbitration? 11. block and word fields of the address format? How many blocks can the caches accommodate? (16) UNIT-5 I/O ORGANIZATION PART. Calculate the number of bits in each of the TAG. How will the main memory address look like for a fully associative mapped cache? (08) 2. (08) (b) Give the basic cell of an associative memory and explain its operation.A (2 marks) 1. The cache uses direct mapping with a block size of four words. Differentiate static RAM and dynamic RAM. (16) CS1358 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING/CS1358/COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE 6 5. What is cycle stealing? 10. (a) Explain the concept of virtual memory with any one virtual memory management technique.13. Show how associative memories can be constructed using this basic cell. What is program controlled I/O? 2. with 4 blocks per set and 128 words per block. 15. Explain the read and write operations in detail. (a) A digital computer has a memory unit of 64K*16 and a cache memory of 1K words. PART-B(16 Marks) 1. What are the various mechanisms for implementing I/O operations? 3. When the privilege exception arises? 5. (08) (b) A computer system has a main memory consisting of 16 M words. What is memory mapped I/O? 7. It also has a 32K word cache organized in the block-set-associative manner. (08) 3. What are RIMMs? 18. What are the special features of Direct RDRAMs? 17. index. SET and WORD fields of the main memory address format. (a) Discuss the DMA driven data transfer technique. Write properties of convolution. What are the functions of typical I/O interface? PART-B(16 Marks) 1. What are the classification of discrete-time systems? 12. (16) CS1358 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE KINGS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING/CS1358/COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE 7 5. Explain the functions to be performed by a typical I/O interface with a typical input output interface. State the disadvantages of digital signal processing over analog process. Check whether the following system is time-variant y(n)=nx2(n). Describe the functions of SCSI with a neat diagram. List the merits and demerits of DSP: 8. 2.13. Explain in detail about interrupt handling. (08) (b) Explain the use of vectored interrupts in processes. (a) What is the importance of I/O interface? Compare the features of SCSI and PCI interfaces. What is asynchronous bus? 15. 3. What is linear and non-linear system? . (16) 6. Write notes on the following. 4. When discrete time signals called as periodic signals? 9. Explain in detail about standard I/O interface. (08) (b) Discuss the operation of any two input devices (08) 3. What are the different types of signal representation? 5. (16) 4. Define even and odd signals. 10. What is static and dynamic system? 11. Why is priority handling desired in Interrupt controllers? How does the different priority scheme work? (08) 7. Define DFT pair. 6. What is synchronous bus? 14. (16) DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING YEAR / SEM: III / V UNIT – I SIGNALS PART – A (2 MARKS) 1. (16) 2. Define the following (a) System (b) Discrete-time system 7. What is SISO system and MIMO system? 18.-2. (a) Draw and explain the following sequences: i) Unit sample sequence ii) Unit step sequence iii) Unit ramp sequence iv) Sinusoidal sequence and v) Real exponential sequence (10) (b) Determine if the system described by the following equations are causal or noncausal i) y(n) = x(n) + (1 / (x(n-1)) ii) y(n) = x(n2) (6) 5. (a) Give the various representation of the given discrete time signal x(n) = {-1. 19. Sequence. What is an LTI system? 20.3} in Graphical. (6) 4. i) x(n) = (1/3)n u(n) ii) x(n) = ej((π/2)n + (π/4) iii) x(n) = sin (π/4)n iv) x(n) = e2n u(n) (16) .1. energy or neither energy nor power signals. 14. (10) 3. What is aliasing effect? 16. Functional and Shifted functional. Determine whether a discrete time unit step signal x(n) = u(n) is an energy signal or a power signal. Explain in detail about the classification of discrete time systems. Tabular. Define Quantization. State sampling theorem.13. (10) (b) Give the classification of signals and explain it.2. (16) 2. What is a Shift invariant (or) Time-invariant system? 21. What is an anti-aliasing filter? 15. (6) (b) Define energy and power signals. PART – B 1. (a) Describe the different types of discrete time signal representation. Find whether the signals are power. Determine the values of power and energy of the following signals. What is a Causal system? 17. Define a Stable System. What is the necessary and sufficient condition on the impulse response of stability? 10. What is meant by Region of convergence? 3. 6. List the properties of z-transform.6. How will you obtain linear convolution from circular convolution? 12. (a) Determine if the following systems are time-invariant or time-variant i) y(n) = x(n) + x(n-1) ii) y(n) = x(-n) (4) (b) Determine if the system described by the following input-output equations are linear or non-linear. (8) 9. Define Z-transform. What are the properties of ROC? 4. (a) Determine the stability of the system y(n) – (5/2)y(n-1) + y(n-2) = x(n) – x(n-1) (8) (b) Briefly explain about quantization. (8) (b) Explain the significance of Nyquist rate and aliasing during the sampling of continuous time signals. 11. What are the properties of frequency response H(eiω) of an LTI system? 9. 2. (8) (b) Write short notes about the applications of DSP. Distinguish between Linear convolution and circular convolution. What is meant by sectioned convolution? . 7. (8) UNIT – II DISCRETE TIME SYSTEM ANALYSIS PART – A (2 MARKS) 1. Explain the time-shifting property of z-transform. Explain the linear property of z-transform. (8) 10. What are the different methods of evaluating inverse z-transform? 8. Test if the following systems are stable or not. (a) List the merits and demerits of Digital signal processing. 5. i) y(n) = cos x(n) ii) y(n) = ax(n) iii) y(n) = x(n) en iv) y(n) = ax(n) (16) 8. (a) Explain the principle of operation of analog to digital conversion with a neat diagram. i) y(n) = x(n) + (1 / (x(n-1)) ii) y(n) = x2(n) iii) y(n) = nx(n) (12) 7. Using (i) Partial fraction method.0.-2. (a) State and prove any tow properties of z-transform. if the impulse response h(n) and the output y(n) as shown below.12y(n-2)+x(n-1)+x(n-2) to input x(n) = nu(n).1} 3. (8) (b) Find the input x(n) of the system. (8) 2. PART – B 1.-1. What are the two methods used for te sectional convolution? 14. (a) Obtain the transfer function and impulse response of the LTI system defined by y(n-2)+5y(n-1)+6y(n)+x(n) (8) (b) State and prove convolution property of discrete time fourier transform. Find the inverse z-transform of x(z) = (z2+z) / (z-1)(z-3).Is the system is stable (8) 6. (8) (b) Find the z-transform and ROC of the causal sequence. 15. ROC: z > 3.12y(n-2) = x(n-1)+x(n-2) if y(-1) = y(-2) = 1.13.2} (c) Find the z-transform and ROC of the anticausal sequence (4) X(n) = {-3. Distinguish between DFT and DTFT. 16.7y(n-1)+0. (ii) Residue method and (iii) Convolution method. (a) Determine the unit step response of the system whose difference equation is y(n)-0. Distinguish between Overlap add and Overlap save method. (a) Determine the inverse z-transform of x(z) = (1+3z-1) / (1+3z-1+2z-2) for z >2 (8) (b) Compute the response of the system y(n) = 0. (a) Determine the z-transform of x(n) = cos ωn u(n) (6) (b) State and prove the following properties of z-transform. (16) 7. (a) Determine the z-transform and ROC of the signal i) x(n) = anu(n) and ii) x(n) = -bnu(-n-1) (12) (b) Find the stability of the system whose impulse response h(n) = (2)nu(n) (4) 4.3.-1. (10) i) Time shifting ii) Time reversal iii) Differentiation iv) Scaling in z-domain 5. (8) .7y(n-1)-0. (4) X(n) = {1. Distinguish between Fourier series and Fourier transform.0. (4) 10.-1. For the sequences given below. (a) Determine the convolution sum of two sequences x(n) = {3.3.2} (8) (b) Find the convolution of the signals x(n) = 1 n = -2.10.1. (a) Determine the output response y(n) if h(n) = {1.2.1.Compare the result by solving the problem using i) Over-lap save method and ii) Overlap – add method. find the frequency response.3.4 = 0 otherwise 12.3.2}.3. y(n)+[1/4]y(n-1) = x(n)-x(n-1) (16) 14. (16) 11.2} 8. (a) A discrete – time system has a unit sample response h(n) given by h(n) = [1/2] δ(n) + δ(n-1) + [1/2] δ(n-2).2} y(n) = {1.2.δ(n-3) (8) 9. Plot magnitude and Phase response.2. Using linear convolution find y(n) = x(n)*h(n) for the sequences x(n) = (1.10.1.2.3.1.0.1}.-2.2. h(n) = {1. plot magnitude response.-1) and h(n) = (1. (16) i) x(n) = 1 for n = -2. phase response and comment.2).2 = 0 otherwise ii) x(n) = 1 for n = 0.2.1. Determine the frequency response (H(ejω)) for the system and plot magnitude response and phase response.1} by using i) Linear convolution ii) Circular convolution and iii) Circular convolution with zero padding.7.7.-1.1 = 2 n = -1 = 0 elsewhere h(n) = δ(n)-δ(n-1)+ δ(n-2).1.2. (12) (b) Explain any twp properties of Discrete Fourier Transform. Find the system frequency response H(ejω).h(n) = {1.1. (a) Calculate the frequency response for the LTI systems representation i) h(n) = [1/n]n u(n) ii) h(n) = δ(n) – δ(n-1) (8) (b) Find the frequency response of the system having impulse response h(n) = [1/2] { (1/2)n + (-1/4)n } u(n) (8) 13.0.1.2. -3.-1. x(n) = {1. (12) . 1}.3. Draw the basic butterfly diagram for DIT algorithm.4} (6) (b) Find the DFT of a sequence by x(n) = {1.2.4. Draw the basic butterfly diagram for DIF algorithm. What are the differences and similarities between DIF and DIT algorithm? 8.1.1.2. An 8-point discrete time sequence is given by x(n) = {2. Compute the 8-point DFT of x(n) using radix-2 FFT algorithm.1. 13. What is FFT? 4. What is decimation-in-time algorithm? 6.4.1} and x2(n) = {1.1.1. What is the basic operation of DIT algorithm? 9. Why FFT is needed? 2. (16) 3.3} and What are the basic steps for 8-point FFT-DIT algorithm computation? (12) (b) What is the advantage of radix-2 FFT algorithm in comparison with the classical DFT method? (4) 4. What is meant by Radix-2 FFT? 5. (10) . (a) Perform circular convolution of the two sequences graphically x1(n) = {2. What is the main advantage of FFT? 3. Draw the flow graph of a two point radix-2 DIF FFT.3.2. What is the basic operation of DIF algorithm? 10. (4) UNIT – III DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORM AND COMPUTATION PART – A (2 MARKS) 1. What are the applications of FFT algorithms? 11. Describe the decimation in time [DIT] radix-2 FFT algorithm to determine N-point DFT. (16) 2. (a) Compute the 4-point DFT and FFT-DIT for the sequence x(n) = {1.2.3. PART – B 1.1. 14.2. 12. What is decimation in frequency algorithm? 7.21} using DIT algorithm.2.(b) Explain any two properties of Discrete Fourier Series. Draw the flow graph of a two point DFT for a decimation-in-time decomposition. 5.0.0. What are the possible types of impulse response for linear phase FIR filters? 7. (10) 9. What is GIBBS phenomenon? 8. What is FIR Filter? 2. (12) (b) Find the IDFT of y(k = {1.0.0.414} using DIF algorithm.0.6. Draw the signal flow graph for N=8. What are the demerits of FIR filter? 6. Write the characteristics features of rectangular window. -0.707. (8) 7. What are the design techniques available for the designing FIR filter? 5.1.0} using radix-2 DIT algorithm. .0. otherwise by using DIT.1+j.414.DIF algorithms. (8) 8.0. Write the desirable characteristics of frequency response of window functions.707.0.707-j0. (a) Draw the 8-point flow diagram of radix-2 DIF-FFT algorithm. (a) Find the circular convolution of the sequences x1(n)= {1. 0 ≤ n ≤ 7 0. 0.2.3. 0.707-j0. 4.3.5} using the above algorithm. (a) What are the differences and similarities between DIT and DIF FFT algorithms? (6) (b) Compute the 8-point IDFT of the sequence x(k) = {7. Write the characteristics of FIR filter.707. j.1+j2.1-j0. 10.1} (8) (b) Write the properties of DFT and explain.707+j0.5. (8) (b) Find the DFT of the sequence x(n) = {2. (8) (b) Find the IDFT of the sequence x(k) = {4.3} and x2(n) = {4.707} using DIT algorithm.414.5.0.5.1-j2. Compute the 8-point DFT of the sequence x(n) = 1.414. (a) Compute the 8-point DFT of the sequence x(n) = {0. (8) 10. (16) UNIT – IV DESIGN OF DIGITAL FILTERS PART – A (2 MARKS) 1. -0.5.0.4. (a) Explain the decimation in frequency radix-2 FFT algorithm for evaluating N-point DFT of the given sequence. 1. List merits and demerits of rectangular window.0} (4) 6.707+j0. Write the procedure for designing FIR filters 3. -j. 9. What is bilinear transformation? 28. 24. List the features of Kaiser Window. Compare analog and digital filter. What is the advantage of cascade realization? 33. 20. What do you understand by linear phase response? 13. 35. 12. Compare Butterworth and Chebyshev Filter: 36. What are the methods available for designing analog IIR filter? 22. What is the main advantage of direct-form II realization when compared to directform I realization? 31. Write merits and demerits of bilinear transformation. What is the need for employing window technique for FIR filter design? (Or) What is window and why it is necessary? 18. What is the main disadvantage of direct-form realization? 32. 30. What is aliasing? Why it is absent in bilinear transformation ? 26. What is the principle of designing FIR filter using frequency sampling method? 16. What are the advantages of Kaiser Window? 15. What are the properties of FIR filter? 17. What are the two types of filter based on the impulse response? 14. Mention the importance of IIR filter: 23. Compare impulse invariant and bilinear technique . Write the properties of chebyshev type-I filter: 25. What is warping effect? 29. 34. How one can design digital filter from analog filter ? 27. What is the necessary and sufficient condition for linear phase characteristic in FIR filter? 19.11. Mention the two properties of Butterworth low pass filter. What are the methods available for designing analog IIR filter? 21. Define IIR filter. Distinguish IIR and FIR. 6π ≤ ω ≤ π (16) 8.707 ≤ H(ejω) ≤ 1 for 0 ≤ ω ≤ π/2 H(ejω) ≤ 0. y(n) = -0. (16) 2. (16) 5.2π H(jΩ) ≤ 0. Determine the direct form II and parallel form realization for the following system.1y(n-1)+0. Design an ideal high pass filter with Hd(ejω) = 1 for π/4 ≤ ω ≤ π = 0 for ω ≤ π/4 Using Hanning window for N=11. PART – B 1. (6) 3. Design a digital Butterworth filter satisfying the constraints 0.2 for 0.72y(n-2)+0. (10) 9. For the given specifications design an analog Butterworth filter. Design a chebyshev filter for the following specification using impulse invariance method.(6) (b) Explain the design of FIR filters using windows.6x(n-2) (10) (b) Discuss about any three window functions used in the design of FIR filters.4π ≤ Ω π (16) 6.8 ≤ H(ejω) ≤ 1 for 0 ≤ ω ≤ 0.7x(n)-0. (16) 10. Write a short note on prewarping. Describe the impulse invariance and bilinear transformation methods used for designing digital IIR filters. 0.2y(n-2)+3x(n)+3. Hanning.252x(n-2) (16) 4.6x(n-1)+0.2π H(ejω) ≤ 0. (16) 7. (a) Obtain the cascade and parallel realization of the system described by y(n) = -0.2 for 0.2 for 3π ≤ ω ≤ π With T = 1 sec using Bilinear transformation.37.9 ≤ H(jΩ) ≤ 1 for 0 ≤ Ω ≤ 0.1y(n-1)+0. Bartlett and Kaiser windows. Design a digital filter equivalent to this impulse invariant method. An analog filter has a transfer function H(s) = (10 / s2+7s+10). Design an ideal high pass filter with Hd(ejω) = 1 for π/4 ≤ ω ≤ π = 0 for ω ≤ π/4 . What are the different types of structures for realization of IIR systems? 38. (a) Write the expressions for the Hamming. 0. State the features of TMS3205C5x series of DSP processors. Define Truncation and Rounding. Give the digital signal processing application with the TMS 320 family. 10. Define scaling shifter? 12.Using Hamming window for N=11. Mention the different addressing modes in TMS320C54x processor. (16) UNIT – V PROGRAMMABLE DSP CHIPS PART – A (2 MARKS) 1. Define ARAU in TMS320C5X processor? 13. 5. What is the effect of quantization on pole locations? . cutoff frequency of 1000 Hz and working at a sampling frequency of 5kHZ. What are the desirable features of DSP Processors? 8. 7. What is meant by pipelining? 6. What are the three quantization errors due to finite word length registers in digital filters? 15. The length of the impulse response should be 7. What do you understand by input quantization error? 16. Define Parallel logic unit? 11. (16) 11. What is product quantization error? (or) What is product round-off error in DSP? 18. What are the different methods of quantization? 19. What are the Interrupts available in TMS320C5X processors? 14. What are the classifications of digital signal processors? 2. Using a rectangular window technique design a lowpass filter with pass band gain of unity. What are the factors that influence the selection of DSPs? 3. What are the applications of PDSPs? 4. 20. Design an ideal Hilbert transformer having frequency response H(ejω) = j for -π ≤ ω ≤ 0 = -j for 0 ≤ ω ≤ π Using blackman window for N=11. What is co-efficient quantization error? 17.Plot the frequency response. What are the different types of DSP Architecture? 9. (16) 12. Find the effect of co-efficient quantization on pole locations of the given second order IIR system. (16) H(z) = 1 / (1 – 0. (16) 5. Write a brief note on: i) Input quantization (8) ii) Limit cycles (8) 6. Discuss in detail the various quantization effects in the design of digital filters. when it is realized in direct form I and in cascade form. (16) 3. 25. (16) 7. (a) Describe the function of on-chip peripherals of TMS320C54 processor. Explain the various addressing modes and salient features of TMS320C54X. (16) 2. Explain briefly the need for scaling in the digital filter implementation. Assume a word length of 4 bits through truncation. Describe in detail the architectural aspects of TMS320C54 digital signal processor using an illustrative block diagram. 3. Write the different levels of Management. What are the functions of Managers? 4. What is meant by quantization step size? 23. Define Management. Explain the impact of quantization of filter coefficients on the location of poles. Define “Dead band” of the filter. What are the two kinds of limit cycle behavior in DSP? 24. 26. (12) (b) What are the different buses of TMS320C54 and their functions? (4) 4.21. Which realization is less sensitive to the process of quantization? 22.9 z-1 + 0. Define Productivity. 2. .2 z-1) *************************** PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT SEMESTER : VI QUESTION BANK UNIT 1 2 Marks 1. Why rounding is preferred to truncation in realizing digital filter? PART – B 1. Describe the errors introduced by quantization. 3. 9. Explain briefly about the different factors affecting the organizational environment. Management : Science or Art – Discuss. Explain the process of MBO.5. Define MBO. 10. Discuss the various factors affecting the decision making process. Explain the relationship of planning and controlling. Explain the overall development of management thought. List out the steps involved in organizing. Discuss in detail about the recent trends in management concepts. 8. 7. Write the characteristics and limitations of classical approach. Define efficiency. . Define policies with its types. 4. Define objectives and goals. 6. UNIT 3 2 Marks 1. 4. Name the classifications of planning practices. Define Programs. What do you understand by decision making? 16 marks 1. 3. Define planning 2. What are the Henry Fayol‟s 14 principles of management? Explain. Define strategies. Explain in detail about the different types of business organization. Give the main importance of management. 3. UNIT 2 2 Marks 1. 2. Explain briefly about the major kinds of strategies. Explain in detail about the TOWS matrix and SWOT analysis. 10. 8. Define Organization. What are the different types of plans? 5. Compare Management and administration. Explain the planning premises with types. What are the effective characteristics of Managers? 7. What are the different responsibilities of managers in effective management? Explain. 9. Discuss in detail about the performance appraisal. 8. 9. What is meant by social audit? 6. State the various steps in planning. 2. Explain the overall decision making process. 3. 5. 7. Define span of management. Define TOWS matrix. Define effectiveness. Explain briefly about the various functions of Management. 10. 2. What is meant by policies? 6. Give the main difference between the formal and informal organization. 7. 8. 6. 10. 16 Marks 1. Explain in detail about the various forecasting methods. 4. 9. 5. Define Leading. 4. Define staffing. List out the various styles of leadership with examples. 5. 11. List the tools and techniques used in operating management system. 4. 5. Discuss the span of management/managerial effectiveness. 6. 4. Name the types of centralization. Explain the different characteristics of a Leader. 10. What are the difference between creativity and innovation? 3. 9. 2. 10. UNIT 4 2 Marks 1. Explain briefly about MIS. 8. Define Motivation. 8. 9. Discuss in detail about the process and types of Motivation. Discuss briefly the various steps involved in organizing. 5. Unit 5 (2 Marks) 1. What are the steps involved in the control process? 3. Explain the different barriers and breakdowns of communication process. 7. Explain about the organizational culture. Discuss in detail about the Creativity and Innovation. 3. What are the different bases of departmentation? 6. What is meant by performance appraisal? 10. Explain briefly about the various types of Departmentation. Define budgeting. 6. 8. 6. What do you understand by JIT? 16 Marks 1. Explain in detail about the different types of Budgets. Explain briefly about the overall selection process. 7. 2. 3. What is human resource planning? 16 Marks 1. What is organization chart? 8. Explain briefly about three theories of Motivation. . Define Controlling. Define Leadership. List out the basic activities of human resource development. What are the elements in the Maslow hierarchy of needs? 5. 7. Define decentralization. List out the difference between Formal and Informal organization. Explain the various types of Leadership with its different styles. Define Communication. Difference between Motivation and Satisfaction. What is meant by downward communication? 9. 9. Define Operations Research. Explain about the human resource planning. Explain briefly about the various types of Organizational structures. Discuss “Departmentation”. 10. 2.4. 7. 2. Explain in detail about the various functions of Leader. 4. 9. 8. Define Reporting. 2. Discuss in briefly about the various functions of MNC. Explain in detail the various forms of International business . Explain the difference between Japanese and US Management. 6. Explain in detail about the Globalization and Liberalization. What is meant by MIS? 5. Impact of IT in Management concept – Discuss. What is MNC? Give an example. Discuss in detail about the techniques used for improving Productivity. Write down the management concept in Germany. 7. 9. Explain in detail reporting and ROI. What is international business? 6. 5. 7. 3. 11. What do you mean by PERT? 16 Marks 1. 10. Explain the term „Reporting”. Define Globalisation. 4. Explain in detail the preventive control mechanism towards achieving a unified global management theory. Explain in detail about MNCs. 8. What are the benefits of IT in controlling? 10.