VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGESRM Nagar, Kattankulathur – 603 203 Question Bank DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNIUCATION EC6011 ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE AND COMPATIBILITY Regulation: 2013 Academic Year: 2016 – 2017 (Odd Semester) Prepared By: Dr.S.Ramesh, Asso.Prof Mrs.K.Kamala, AP-S.G Mrs.T.S.Sheriba, A.P-S.G VEC/ECE/EC6011‐EMIC/2015‐2017 ODD BTL‐2 Understanding 7. Discuss the steps to prevent emission that causes the EMI in a system. BTL‐3 Applying 12. Choose which coupling happens directly between the emitter and receptor. BTL‐2 Understanding 10. BTL‐1 Remembering 3. Write some of the testing strategies in EMC. Why is EMI a vital problem? BTL‐1 Remembering 6.No Questions 1. Give the explanation about the conducted coupling of EMI. Identify the three criteria to be satisfied by any system to become electromagnetically compatible. Part‐ A (2 Marks) Q. BT Level BTL‐4 Domain 2. We feel electric shock at times. How can the hazards due to radiation be reduced or prevented? BTL‐6 Creating Analyzing VEC/ECE/EC6011‐EMIC/2015‐2017 ODD . BTL‐3 Applying 14. BTL‐4 Analyzing 18. Radiation hazards to humans.Unit I ‐ BASIC THEORY Introduction to EMI and EMC. EMC Engineering Application. Criticise on the two factors that tend to affect the amount of interference that would otherwise be transmitted along a conducted path. BTL‐5 Evaluating 19. BTL‐4 Analyzing 17. Sources and Victims of EMI. Give the reason. BTL‐1 Remembering 4. BTL‐2 Understanding 9. Summarise the effect of EMI on secured communications. Case Histories. Explain why a bike started or a mixie under running condition disturbs a TV receivers functioning. Conducted and Radiated EMI emission and susceptibility. List some of the EMC applications. BTL‐1 Remembering 16. Various issues of EMC. Where is a decoupling capacitor used? Why? BTL‐1 Remembering 11. Intra and inter system EMI. EMC Testing categories. when we touch TV and Computer monitors. What is the possibility to develop circuit models of EMI with correct reason. BTL‐5 Evaluating 15. BTL‐3 Applying 13. What would happen if the coupling path is not properly shielded? Justify BTL‐6 Creating 20. BTL‐2 Understanding 5. Analyse the need for electromagnetic compatibility. List the sources of EMI BTL‐1 Remembering 8. Classify EMI/EMC. Illustrate various types of radiation coupling in EMI. Define EMI and EMC. Elements of Interference. (i) What is an intersystem EMI? How does it affect an equipment in an EM environment? (8) (ii) Select and write about the case histories related to intersystem EMI. (6) 2. (8) Understanding 7. Criticize on the impact of radio communication. (8) (ii) Show how celestial bodies act as a source of EMI (8) (i) Select a proper testing methodology for Radiation emissions and BTL‐3 susceptibility. (i) Write short notes on EMI Testing categories (10) BTL‐1 (ii) What are the various parameters of measurement? Give their relevant units.Part‐B (16 Marks) 1. (i) Illustrate proper industrial citations to explain the significance of EMI in a BTL‐3 system design. (10) Remembering 3. (i) Explain the measurement performed for the conducted emission? (ii) Examine the role of Decoupling capacitors in digital IC’s. (8) (i) What is an intrasystem EMI? How does it affect an equipment in an EM environment? (8) (ii) Write about the case histories related to intersystem EMI. (10) Consider the past historical facts. 12. (i) Identify how a conducted emission occurs in an EM environment.(8) (ii) Explain the interference elements present in an EMI system (8) Remembering BTL‐2 Understanding 6. (i) Analyze the various issues of EMC in brief (6) (ii) How does the conduction emission occur in Switched mode power supply. Discuss about the common mode noise in SMPS. (8) (i) Distinguish between the features of conducted EMI and radiated EMI. (8) BTL‐2 (8) (8) BTL ‐ 4 (8) 11. How to control them? (16) Applying Applying Analyzing Analyzing BTL ‐ 4 Analyzing BTL‐5 Evaluating BTL‐6 Creating UNIT II COUPLING MECHANISMS VEC/ECE/EC6011‐EMIC/2015‐2017 ODD . (8) BTL‐2 (ii) Explain in detail the conducted EMI and radiated EMI with examples. Also discuss the role of electromagnetic susceptibility and compatibility in it.(8) 9. 5. 10. Explain. BTL‐1 Remembering BTL‐1 Remembering 4. (16) 13. (i) List out all the sources and victims of EMI? (6) BTL‐1 (ii) Write notes on each sources and victims with examples. (8) BTL ‐ 4 (ii) Investigate on details of how an EMI is caused by radiation Hazards. (ii) Explain the tests performed for the conducted susceptibility. Understanding 8. (8) (i) Analyze how an electrostatic discharges occur. (8) (ii) Interpret the lightning discharge as a source of EMI. (i) Give an account on radiation hazards. Generate suitable examples to explain the intentional and unintentional electromagnetic emissions during operation of various equipments. 14. Draw common mode and differential mode coupling in circuits. 18. 1 2 PART‐B (16 Marks) BT Level (i) What are the electromagnetic field sources found in an electromagnetic BTL‐1 environment? Discuss. Define LISN.No. BTL‐1 Remembering PART‐A (2 Marks) 4. List out the types of coupling between cables. Coupling via the supply network. BTL‐2 Understanding 10. What are the types of coupling encountered in an EM environment? Discuss. Transient sources. Radiative coupling. Describe the effect of cross talk with reference to EMI/EMC design issues. Differential mode coupling. Sl. BTL‐5 Evaluating 14. Point out the important techniques to control EMI at source point.No.Electromagnetic field sources and Coupling paths. Criticize the need of ground loop coupling. Define Ground coupled Interference. BTL‐1 Remembering 6. Ground loop coupling. Explain power supply and power main coupling. Classify the factors that the noise voltage developed in a closed loop. BTL‐1 Remembering 2. Discuss the way by which one can avoid power mains interference. Automotive transients. Applying 13. BTL‐4 Analyzing 15. Give suitable explanation for ‘Ground’ with respect to working on electrical gadgets. Explain Automotive transient. depend BTL‐3 on. BTL‐1 Remembering 3. (8) (ii) Define coupling. BTL‐2 Understanding 7. What would happen if conductive transfer occurs? BTL‐6 Creating 12. Common mode coupling. Impedance coupling. BTL‐3 Applying 20. BTL‐4 Analyzing 16. What is transient coupling? BTL‐1 Remembering 5. BTL‐4 Analyzing 17. Combine the effect of radiation and conduction coupling and discuss its effect. Analyze the drawbacks of various coupling mechanisms. What are the electromagnetic interferences that BTL‐1 occur in the coupling path? (8) (ii) What is common mode coupling? Show how it affects a system in an electromagnetic environment. Inductive and Capacitive coupling. BTL‐3 Applying 11. Cable related emissions and coupling. (8) Domain Remembering Remembering VEC/ECE/EC6011‐EMIC/2015‐2017 ODD . BTL‐2 Understanding 9. Explain how the field coupling affects the system? BTL‐5 Evaluating Sl. BTL‐6 Creating BTL‐1 Remembering 19. (8) (i) Define coupling path. Illustrate the steps in the procedure to analyze EMP susceptibility. Draw the elements of interference in a basic system with source and receptor. BTL‐2 Understanding 8. BT Level Domain 1. Express the impacts of electromagnetic emission. (8) BTL‐4 Analyzing 13.(8) Analyzing 12. (8) (ii) Identify how surges occurring on main power supply affect the appliances. (8) BTL‐4 (ii) Analyze how a coupling takes place in a supply network and how does it affect the network. (8) BTL‐5 Evaluating 10. (8) (ii) Explain how the Electrostatic discharge affects the digital circuits and control panels. (8) (8) BTL‐2 Understanding 8 (i) Describe about the Inductive coupling supporting with neat diagrams and scenarios. (8) Understanding 7 (i) Describe the cable related emissions and coupling briefly. (8) (ii) Illustrate the electromagnetic impact of cable coupling in a system design . (8) Describe the effects of the capacitance that exists between the cables. (8) Evaluate the effects of radiative coupling in an EM environment. (10) Remembering Remembering 5 (i) Illustrate in detail the conducted and radiated coupling. (8) BTL‐3 Applying 9 (i) Explain the Capacitive coupling that occurs between the two cables running parallel to each other. near and far coupling of EM fields produced can be reduced. (ii) Summarize on Automotive transients. Also. (8) BTL‐2 (ii) Demonstrate the common impedance ground couplings with examples (8) Understanding 6 (i) Illustrate the effect of cross talk in a three conductor transmission line. Justify the reasons of how the cable coupling. Analyzing VEC/ECE/EC6011‐EMIC/2015‐2017 ODD . 11.3 4 Define radiated differential mode coupling? How In what way this is different BTL-1 from the radiated common mode coupling? (8) What are transient sources? How does the lightning discharge affect the electronic equipments? (8) What is ground loop coupling? State the causes of ground loop coupling. (8) (i) Explain how common mains supply acts as a frequent source of conducted BTL‐4 interference. suggest the ways to enhance the immunity of circuits/equipments /systems. Analyze the effects of inductance in a two wire cable system. (8) BTL‐2 (ii) Discuss in detail about power supply coupling. Explain. (8) BTL‐3 Applying (i) Explain the concept behind Cross talk with help of PCB in detail. (6) BTL‐1 Show how it affects the grounding in a system that is a part of the electromagnetic environment. BT Domain Level BTL 4 Analyzing 2.14. Analyse EMI shielding and its need. Principle of Grounding. What is Murphy’s Law? BTL 1 Remembering 3. PART A Q. PCB Level shielding. Classify the procedures for effective grounding in PCB design BTL 1 Remembering BTL 4 Analyzing 12. Point out the different Gasketting for EMI sealing. Gasketting and sealing. BTL 2 Understanding 8. Isolated grounds. and free space fields. BTL 4 Analyzing 9.No Questions 1. How an electromagnetic field that appears in the atmosphere does gets coupled into the transmission or power cables? Calculate the induced voltage and current due to this coupling action. Choice of Materials for H. Interpret the all the tests that can be carried over in a shielding room. E. Filter types and operation. Summarize various shielding methods. (8) UNIT III EMI MITIGATION TECHNIQUES Working principle of Shielding and Murphy’s Law. Support it with neat diagrams. BTL 2 Understanding 7. Formulate the shielding effectiveness of E and H‐fields. Explain the need for EMI Gaskets. BTL 1 Remembering 4. Transient protection. BTL 2 Understanding 13. Chemical Salting has to be repeated for every 2 or 3 years for better grounding effect – Justify. LF Magnetic shielding. (8) BTL‐6 Creating Develop the scenarios which demonstrates the electromagnetic coupling between an emitter and a receptor. Grounding strategies for Large systems. List the Choice of Materials for shielding. BTL 5 Evaluating 10. Apertures and shielding effectiveness. Surge protection devices. List out the coupling situations to be addressed during the physical layout process. Discuss about the advantages of multipoint grounding. BTL 5 Evaluating VEC/ECE/EC6011‐EMIC/2015‐2017 ODD . BTL 1 Remembering 5. Grounding for mixed signal systems. 11. Define shielding effectiveness. BTL 6 Creating 6. ” Justify the above statement and prove it numerically. Explain in detail about the different types of system grounding for EMI/EMC. (i)How can a gasket be used to suppress the EM leakage at joints?(8) (ii)Write notes on sealing for EMI leakage. (16) 8. (10) 3. For a Residential power distribution system. (i) Summarize on the methods to measure the ground resistance. (16) 11. Summarize about various lumped element low pass filter schemes for EMI mitigation. (i) Describe a filter help in suppressing undesired conducted electromagnetic interference? (ii) Support your answer with the help of lumped element low pass filter. (8) (ii) Brief out the preventions to be followed while earthing. (8) 4. Also compare their performances. Discuss the shielding mechanism and derive the expression for the attenuation due to single shield and multimedia laminated shield with neat diagrams and equations. (16) 5. Estimate the functionality of transient suppressors. BTL 6 Creating 18. PART – B 1. BTL 2 Understanding 19. Also determine the insertion loss at 150 kHz and 30 MHz for a differential mode and common mode. (16) 2. BTL 1 Remembering 20. BTL 3 Applying 16. How does this factor influence the filter design? Explain with necessary examples. (i) Show that the electromagnetic leakage occurs through shielding joints. “The insertion loss of a particular filter depends on the source and load impedances. Analyze the factors considered for a telephone line filter design. Draw the diagram of gas tube surge suppressor and arrestors. (6) (ii) Suggest the methods to reduce this electromagnetic leakage. Illustrate the terms grounding and bonding. analyze the requirements and the steps to design a safety grounding system considering the two wires and three wires grounding scenario. BTL 3 Applying Show all the procedures that have to be considered for cable routing. BTL 3 Applying 15. Write notes on (i) Surge protection and suppression (ii) Transient protection and suppression (ii) Low Frequency (LF) magnetic field shielding (5)+(5)+(6) 10. What is meant by ‘bulging’ capacitor? BTL 1 Remembering 17. (8) 7. (8)+(8) 6. Estimate the insertion loss of the filter. and therefore cannot be stated independently of the termination impedances. 9. Classify EMI filters. (16) BTL 2 Understanding BTL 3 Applying BTL 1 Remembering BTL 2 Understanding BTL 4 Analyzing BTL 1 Remembering BTL 1 Analyzing BTL 2 Understanding BTL 1 Remembering BTL 5 Evaluating BTL 6 Creating VEC/ECE/EC6011‐EMIC/2015‐2017 ODD .14. State the objective of requirements CS 103/104/105. Tabulate some of the shielding materials and their uses. Basic Standards. Give the reason why CISPR standards evolved. BTL 1 Remembering 9. Product Standards. MIL461E Standards. BTL 1 Remembering 7. BSI. BTL 2 Understanding 13. FCC. PART A 12. BTL 1 Remembering 14. Idenfify the expansion of the terms CISPR. BTL 3 Applying 10. (i) What are all the procedures used for effective grounding in PCB design? BTL 1 Remembering (8) (ii) Brief about electromagnetic compatibility that is achieved while PCB is prepared for industry applications. Interpret the need for EMI standards? BTL 2 Understanding VEC/ECE/EC6011‐EMIC/2015‐2017 ODD . Propose the Standards for generic products to be used in industrial environments? BTL 6 Creating 12. IEC. List out the EMI/EMC civilian standards. (i) Illustrate the consequence of different shielding materials over the BTL 3 Applying shielding.BTL 4 Analyzing (i) Investigate on how the component selection and mounting controls EMI. BTL 2 Understanding 5.(8) (ii) Demonstrate the shielding integrity at discontinuities. (8) 14. (8) UNIT IV STANDARDS AND REGULATION Need for Standards. What for MIL STD 461. BT Domain Level BTL 1 Remembering 2. Can High Voltage lines be allowed to cross residential sites? Justify. CISPR. Quote the CISPR standards for EMIC.No Questions 1. BTL 4 Analyzing 11. Which are the class A devices with reference to FCC? BTL 1 Remembering 4. ACEC. BTL 5 Evaluating 6. AS/NZS. 462 and 463 are used? BTL 1 Remembering 3. Discuss the special requirements of MIL STD 461E for EMC testing? BTL 2 Understanding 15. Define IEC and BSI. Electro Magnetic Emission and susceptibility standards and specifications.(6) (ii) Explain about PCB to chassis ground connection and effects of apertures. ANSI. Generic/General Standards for Residential and Industrial environment. (10) 13. Summarize few parameters of MIL 461E / 462. Differentiate military and civilian standards. National and International EMI Standardizing Organizations. Q. BTL 3 Applying 8. Illustrate at least two standards for design guidelines and test & measurement procedures published by IEEE/ANSI. FCC. CENELEC. (8) BTL 1 Remembering BTL 2 Understanding BTL 6 Creating BTL 4 Analyzing BTL 4 Analyzing BTL 2 Understanding BTL 1 Remembering BTL 4 Analyzing BTL 1 Remembering BTL 2 Understanding BTL 1 Remembering BTL 5 Evaluating BTL 3 Applying VEC/ECE/EC6011‐EMIC/2015‐2017 ODD . (16) 2. (8) 9. (8) (ii) Pointout why military standards are more stringent for RE and RS. Develop the conducted interference controls. (i) Compare Euro norms standards in Japan. Write about Comite Special des Perturbations Radioelectrique (CISPR) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards. radiated interference controls and susceptibility at intermediate levels of exposure in MIL STD 461/462 standard. (8) (ii) Discuss briefly of FCC regulations. (8) 10. (i) List out the IEC specifications adopted by ANSI standard. Summarize FCC and CISPR Conducted Emission (CE) and Radiated Emission (RE) standards. Write short notes on (i) British Standard Institution (BSI) (ii) Comite European de Normalisation Electrotechniques (CENELEC). Pointout the two types of EMC Product standard. (8+8) 8. (8) (ii) Briefly explain the MIL standards are useful in the area of EMI/EMC. Construct the main function of ACEC. (8) 5. (8) 13. Assess modular approval standards. BTL 3 Applying 17.16. What does the standard MIL 461E emphasize? What are the problems one may face by violating the regulations in it? If possible.(8+8) 12. Analyze the key for Conducted Emission (CE) EMC standards? BTL 4 Analyzing 18. (i) Determine the generic standards for residential and industrial environments. (i) Explain in detail the usage of ANSI standards in EMC area. (16) 4. (i) Demonstrate the regulatory model for radiated emissions from electrical equipment. (8) 3. (8) (ii) Infer details about EMI specifications and its limits with respect to civilian and military standards. BTL 5 Evaluating 20. a case study be referred to support your justification. Distinguish between the FCC’s EMC requirement and the European Union’s EMC requirements? What additional emission requirements does the European Union have that the FCC does not? (16) 7. (i) Express the needs to meet for EMI standards? Explain. Analyze the purpose of EMI standards and give different types of standards that followed in different countries? (16) 6. Prepare the AS/NZS standards? BTL 6 Creating 19. (8) (ii) Show that how US organizations involved with EMC for commercial standards. (16) 11.(8) (ii) Validate the VDE standards and pulsed interference immunity. BTL 4 Analyzing PART – B 1. BTL 2 Understanding 5. (16) UNIT V EMI TEST METHODS AND INSTRUMENTATION Fundamental considerations. BTL 6 Creating VEC/ECE/EC6011‐EMIC/2015‐2017 ODD . With LISN illustrate the basic circuit used for RI measurements. Illustrate on how the spectrum conservation can be achieved through proper BTL 3 Applying frequency assignment. Identify atleast two standards for test &measurement procedures published by IEEE/ANSI. Develop an equation for spectral efficiency that depends on the useful information from the radio equipment. Current probes. Antennas. Illustrate at least two standards for design guidelines and test & measurement procedures published by IEEE/ANSI. Point out two very important needs for TEM cell. EMI test wave simulators. What are the advantages of OATS? BTL 1 Remembering 3. PART A Q. Line impedance stabilization networks. Assess the Near Field sources in Shielding effectiveness BTL 5 Evaluating 6. BTL 4 Analyzing 18. BTL 3 Applying 8. Open field test.No Questions 1. BTL 1 Remembering 14. State the recommended ambient conditions for air discharge mode testing. MIL -STD test methods. Illustrate the significance of narrow band testing. BTL 2 Understanding 13. BTL 2 Understanding 16. Civilian STD test methods. BTL 4 Analyzing 11. EMI test receivers. Feed through capacitors. List the features of current probe and power probe BTL 1 Remembering 4. List the various measurement precautions in OATS BTL 1 Remembering 7. Formulate the spectrum bandwidth that will be occupied by a radio station BTL 6 Creating 12. BTL 3 Applying 10. BTL 3 Applying 17. Draw two arrangements of OATS BT Domain Level BTL 1 Remembering 2. Discuss on how test bed is selected for ESD testing. EMI Shielding effectiveness tests. Shielded anechoic chamber. What is a TEM Cell BTL 1 Remembering 9. Generalize the requirements of Military STD for EMC testing? BTL 2 Understanding 15. TEM cell for immunity test. EMI coupling networks. Spectrum analyzer. Compare radiated measurements for class A devices and others. Shielded chamber .14. Give the list of antenna used for microwave frequencies. 19. 7. (ii)Write short notes on couplers. (10) (ii)Build EMI coupling network. (10) (ii) Write a note on Shielded anechoic chamber . (8) Explain about Line Impedance Stabilization Networks. 4. (8) (i) List out the various equipment used for Conducted EMI (6) (ii) Explain briefly the MIL-STD test methods useful in the area of EMI/EMC. (i)Write short notes on sensors/Injectors. What are its limitations?(8) Outline the characteristics of open area test site. (8) (ii) How do you perform testing using Giga Hertz TEM Cell. 11. (6) BTL 1 Remembering 3. (8) (i) Compare Euro norms standards in Japan. 13. (8) Enumerate the measurements using EMI Rx and spectrum analyser. 14. (8) Describe about the open area test site measurements. (6) Write short notes on (i) Measurement of CM and DM Interferences (ii) Conducted EMI in ships and Aircraft (8+8) (i)Determine various testing antenna and their frequencies as specified in CISPR standard. (8) (8) BTL 1 Remembering BTL 6 Creating BTL 4 Analyzing BTL 4 Analyzing BTL 2 Understanding BTL 4 Analyzing BTL 1 Remembering BTL 2 Understanding BTL 1 Remembering BTL 5 Evaluating BTL 3 Applying BTL 3 Applying VEC/ECE/EC6011‐EMIC/2015‐2017 ODD . (8) BTL 2 Understanding Write short notes on Broadband measurement antennas a) The Biconical Antenna (8) b) Log-Periodic Antenna (8) Explain briefly about the measurements using an anechoic chamber. (10) (i)What do you mean by shielding? Explain the Near Field sources in Shielding effectiveness. (8) (ii) Infer details about EMI specifications and its limits with respect to civilian and military standards for measurements (8) Analyze the schematic that enables the measurements using Anechoic chamber. 12. 5. (8) (i) Formulate the various EMI Test instruments. (8) Explain how testing is performed in an open environment. (8) (ii) Discuss briefly about ESD test bed. (8) (i) Demonstrate the regulatory model for radiated emissions from electrical equipment. Differentiate Military standard and Civilian standards in measurements. 6. (8) (i) Illustrate on how the spectrum conservation can be achieved through proper frequency assignment. 9. 10. (i) Express the needs to meet for EMI standards for testing methods. 8. Summarize the commonly used test antennas with frequency BTL 5 Evaluating 20. BTL 4 Analyzing PART – B 1. (8) (ii) Develop a test bed for EFT. 2.
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