Draft StructuralSteel DesignGuide

BCA T-186/2007Draft for Public Comment Design Guide on Use of Alternative Steel Materials to BS 5950 © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment, 23 November 2007 BCA T-186/2007 Contents Contents ............................................................................................................................................................... i List of tables .....................................................................................................................................................vii List of symbols ................................................................................................................................................... x Foreword............................................................................................................................................................ xi Section 1. 1.1 1.2 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................1 Scope..........................................................................................................................................................1 Acronyms...................................................................................................................................................1 Acronyms for standards and organizations....................................................................................1 Acronyms for technical terms .........................................................................................................1 Alternative steel materials..............................................................................................................1 Classification of alternative steel materials ..................................................................................1 Material performance requirements...............................................................................................2 Quality assurance requirements.....................................................................................................2 Certified steel materials ..................................................................................................................2 Manufacturer ...................................................................................................................................2 Stockist .............................................................................................................................................2 Trader ...............................................................................................................................................2 Purchaser..........................................................................................................................................2 Product..............................................................................................................................................2 Certification agency .........................................................................................................................3 Carbon equivalent value..................................................................................................................3 Proportional gauge length ...............................................................................................................3 Material performance requirements...................................................................................4 Manufacturing process ....................................................................................................................4 Mechanical properties .....................................................................................................................4 Chemical composition ......................................................................................................................5 Dimensional and mass tolerances ..................................................................................................5 Manufacturing process ....................................................................................................................5 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.3 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.3 1.3.4 1.3.5 1.3.6 1.3.7 1.3.8 1.3.9 1.3.10 1.3.11 1.4 1.4.1 1.4.2 Section 2. 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.2 2.2.1 Terms and definitions ..............................................................................................................................1 Technical equations ..................................................................................................................................3 Steel plates................................................................................................................................................4 Hot rolled sections ....................................................................................................................................5 © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment, 23 November 2007 i ...................6..................................5............................................................................................. 9 Manufacturing process.............................................................. 8 Non-preloaded bolting assemblies.......................................4 2..........................................................2 2....................................................2......................................................1 2...................................................8 2..4 2...................... 13 Profiled steel sheets ................................................... 14 Stud shear connectors ....................... 9 Mechanical properties ....................................................................5 2.........................1 3........................................................ 7 Mechanical properties ......................................................................1 2................................................................... 7 Dimensional and mass tolerances ..............7.........................................................................................................................................................................................................9............................................................................................................................3 2.......................2 2.......................7 2............................................................................................................................................................................................ 7 Chemical composition..........................3.....................................16 Feedstock materials...2 2..................................................................6 2.....................................................3 2............................................................................................................................................ 12 Mechanical properties .................................................................. 9 Preloaded bolting assemblies ........................................2 Mechanical properties ....................3 2..................................... 11 Manufacturing process...................................... 6 Manufacturing process................... 10 Chemical composition..............6................................................................ 6 Chemical composition............. 13 Dimensional tolerances .........................................................2................................................................................... 13 Mechanical properties ......2 2................................ 13 Manufacturing process.............. 14 Mechanical properties ........................................... 3....... 9 Mechanical properties ..........................6................................................4................. 9 Chemical composition.. 16 Draft for Public Comment........................................................2 2..................................................................................................................8............ 14 Dimensional and mass tolerances ...................1...........................6................................................................3 2................... 7 Steel for cold forming .......1 2..........14 Manufacturing process..................................................................................................1 2.......... 23 November 2007 ii © 12-2007 BCA ...........4...................................4 2.................3 2..............3 2...............................8................8................................................................................................3............................5........ 14 Chemical composition....................................................................................... 16 Equipment...............4 2....... 12 Welding consumables........1................ 9 Dimensional and mass tolerances ...............1 2....................................... 15 Dimensional tolerances ......................................4 2...............................................BCA T-186/2007 2......................................................................... 12 Chemical composition..............4........................ 6 Dimensional and mass tolerances .......4 2..............................................................................................................................................5.......................3....... 14 Mechanical properties ............................................................9....................4.....................................................................................1 2.. 11 Dimensional tolerances ........................4 2........ 16 Hollow sections .................................................................................................8......................................2 2.............3 2..............................................1 3............................ 15 Quality assurance requirements . 8 Manufacturing process.....9 2...................................................................5.............................................................................................. 14 Factory production control....................1 2..................................3 Section 3..3.........................................2 2.............................................................................2.......9................... ...........................2......................17 Non-conforming products ....................................................................................................................17 Material specifications..............................................................2 4............................................................................BCA T-186/2007 3........................5 5........................................2....2 4.............32 Class 2 structural steel.................................................................................3..........................33 Class 2 fillet welds . 4..........................................24 Class 1 preloaded bolted connections .........29 Class 1 profiled steel sheets ...1 4.......................................3 5..............................................1 3..........2.............4 5..................33 Class 2 preloaded bolted connections .................................................................20 Manufacturer test certificates ...........................2.............3 4................................................................................16 Product testing ....................................2 4...................................................................................1 4................................................................................1................................................................................................................1.3 5...........4 3............1.....................................................2.........18 Authentication ................ 19 Certification.........................................20 Class 3 alternative steel materials ..................................................................................................4 3.........3 3....2 5...........................6 5.......................................................................................................19 Material testing.................................6 3...............34 Class 2 profiled steel sheets .....................................33 © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment.............33 Class 2 non-preloaded bolted connections...................................................1...............................................................................3.....................................................2.................................................................................5 3................................................2 5...................................1.....2 4..1................................................................................................................................................18 Information for traceability.....4 Personnel ......................1 4.. 23 November 2007 iii ...........................2 3....................................................................................................................2................................................21 Class 1 non-preloaded bolted connections......1...............21 Design recommendations on Class 2 alternative steel materials.................................................................3 3..................................................2..........................2........................2.......30 Class 1 stud shear connectors ................2 5.............................1 5...............................20 Class 2 alternative steel materials ............................................19 Class 1 alternative steel materials .........2..................1................................................................................................................17 Reference details.....................3 4..................................18 Classification of alternative steel materials ..............................................................2..........................................19 Classification procedure ........................................................................... 5........6 Section 4.................1......1 5...............................................19 Factory production control certificates..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................1..................................2 3...................5 3.......................................20 Design recommendations..........................................17 Adequacy assessment.............2....................20 Special case ..............27 Class 1 fillet welds ............................................1.......................................................................................................17 Product marking ...........................17 Information of manufacturer ......................... 21 Class 1 structural steel..........5 Design recommendations on Class 1 alternative steel materials.....4 5.1 5..................................................................................3.....................19 Manufacturer test certificates..............1 4...........................................18 Test results............................19 Reliability assessment..................................1.........................34 Section 5................................................... ..............36 Appendix A A........................ 35 Class 3 profiled steel sheets.........................8 A...............................7 A.......3..................... 42 Certified Japanese steel materials ..2 A..1 A...................................... 34 Other properties ............3......................................5 A................... 34 Class 3 structural steel ..........2 A... 40 Certified American steel for cold forming ...................................................................................................................................3.......................................................................2.........5 A........................................ 35 Class 3 preloaded bolted connections ................2...................................................2.......................................................... 37 Certified British/European steel for cold forming .....3...........2..... 44 Certified Japanese preloaded bolting assemblies............6 5.. 38 Certified British/European profiled steel sheets ...................1..................... 44 Draft for Public Comment..................... 43 Certified Japanese hollow sections....................... 40 Certified American steel plates ..................................................................................4 A....................................... 38 Certified British/European welding consumables.... 41 Certified American welding consumables................................................3 A.................... 43 Certified Japanese steel for cold forming............. 40 Certified American hot-rolled sections...................................................................................2................3 A...........................................2................................................... 41 Certified American profiled steel sheets .................. 44 Certified Japanese welding consumables .......... 35 Design recommendations on Class 3 alternative steel materials .........................1............................................................1.........2 A.................. 40 Certified American hollow sections ......................................3.............................................................. 35 Lists of certified steel materials ......1 A.........................................3................................. 41 Certified American preloaded bolting assemblies ...............................................................................................................................................................1......1 A.................4 Class 2 stud shear connectors..................5 A............................................................ 35 Class 3 stud shear connectors.......3 5......2.2 A....BCA T-186/2007 5...6 A......................................................2...............................................1........................ 38 Certified British/European non-preloaded bolting assemblies...................1 5........... 39 Certified American steel materials...........................1.............5 5....................................................2.....6 5...................... 37 Certified British/European steel plates ............3....... 23 November 2007 iv © 12-2007 BCA .......................................................................3 A..9 A......................1 A............6 A........................................................................8 A....................2.....................3............. 43 Certified Japanese hot-rolled sections ................... 38 Certified British/European preloaded bolting assemblies ....................3...3 A........................................ 37 Certified British/European hollow sections ..............................................................7 A.................................... 37 Certified British/European hot rolled sections .........6 A.......3...........7 Certified British/European steel materials......................2 5......... 39 Certified British/European stud shear connectors...3................................... 35 Class 3 non-preloaded bolted connections ........................................................................ 43 Certified Japanese non-preloaded bolting assemblies ....................1...............4 A..................................3 5................................................ 41 Certified American shear stud connectors.........................................................................4 5.......3...... 40 Certified American non-preloaded bolting assemblies....................................... 43 Certified Japanese steel plates...............9 A..................................................................................1...................1..............3.......4 A.................................................................................................................................................... 35 Class 3 fillet welds............................................................................................................................................................................................ ....5... 52 Appendix B Appendix C C................................6 C......2 A.........44 Certified Japanese stud shear connectors.46 Certified Australian/New Zealand welding consumables ...1 A.49 Certified Chinese preloaded bolting assemblies ................46 Certified Australian/New Zealand profiled steel sheets ....45 Certified Australian/New Zealand steel plates...........49 Certified Chinese welding consumables...................................................8 A........1.......1 C...........8 A...............................................................................4...7 A...............5..................................5 A.........1...50 Testing of steel materials.........................................5...........................................................................................8 A......................................7 A.............9 A...............5..........5 A.....................................3 A.....................50 Certified Chinese profiled steel sheets .....................47 Certified Chinese steel materials..............................4 A...1.............................1.........55 British/European standards on profiled steel sheets ........................ 51 Standards for reference .....................1...............................................................................................................................55 British/European standards on material testing.........................1.53 British/European standards on steel materials.................................................................................................................8 C...9 C............1....................................3 C.....................................................6 A............................................................55 British/European standards on stud shear connectors .5.....1..............................45 Certified Australian/New Zealand steel for cold forming ..................5.....................................2 C.................................................................................................................................45 Certified Australian/New Zealand hollow sections ...............................................5.. 23 November 2007 v ...............................................................................................................5...................................................4 A.....1.........................................53 British/European standards on design of steel structures....................48 Certified Chinese hot rolled sections ...........................56 American standards for reference................9 A.................................44 Certified Australian/New Zealand steel materials ..................................................................................................................................................4.............7 C....3 A......................................................5...........4......4..........................1 A.....................................................49 Certified Chinese steel for cold forming ..49 Certified Chinese non-preloaded bolting assemblies....54 British/European standards on welding consumables ...........50 Certified Chinese stud shear connectors.....................................45 Certified Australian/New Zealand hot-rolled sections .............4.53 British/European standards on manufacturing tolerances........4 A.........................1 C......................................................9 Certified Japanese profiled steel sheets ..................................46 Certified Australian/New Zealand preloaded bolting assemblies ...........................6 A..................................................5 C............................2...........................................4....46 Certified Australian/New Zealand non-preloaded bolting assemblies .............................................56 British/European standards on inspection documents.......................BCA T-186/2007 A.................................................4........................................4 C........................2 C........................5 A.................2 A...................................................................57 © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment......................................................54 British/European standards on bolting assemblies........4.........................48 Certified Chinese steel plates .............2.57 American standards on design of steel structures.3..4....57 American standards on steel materials.................2 British/European standards for reference ..............................1 C.........48 Certified Chinese hollow sections ...............3.....47 Certified Australian/New Zealand shear stud connectors ................ ......................................................3.......3 C............. 60 Japanese standards on design of steel structures......3.................................................................................................................................5.........2 C. 58 American standards on welding consumables.................. 62 Australian/New Zealand standards on welding consumables.......5.................................................... 60 Japanese standards on manufacturing tolerances........5............ 64 Chinese standards on welding consumables .............................................................................................6 C.........5..5 C.................3....4...4 C.7 C......5 C................. 60 Japanese standards on bolting assemblies ........2.2... 60 Japanese standards on steel materials ............................. 60 Japanese standards on welding consumables ........ 64 Chinese standards on bolting assemblies ................3 C..7 C. 59 American standards on shear stud connectors.......... 64 Chinese standards on design of steel structures ...................................................................................................................................6 C..7 American standards on manufacturing tolerances ..............2...........4.................................... 65 Chinese standards on stud shear connectors.. 65 Chinese standards on profiled steel sheets.........4.........................................5........................................ 64 Chinese standards on manufacturing tolerances ..........1 C.......................................................................................................... 61 Japanese standards on profiled steel sheets...................... 62 Australian/New Zealand standards on manufacturing tolerances .............3 C............ 64 Chinese standards on steel materials ........................ 63 Chinese standards for reference .........................................3 C..2 C.....4.......................................5......................................................................4 C...............5 C...............3............................................. 62 Australian/New Zealand standards on bolting assemblies.......................................5 C.BCA T-186/2007 C........................................... 62 Australian/New Zealand standards on profiled steel sheets ....... 61 Australian/New Zealand standards for reference.2... 65 Draft for Public Comment.........................................4 C.....1 C..................................................................4 C.......................... 63 Australian/New Zealand standards on shear stud connectors .....................................................................................5...............................6 C....5 C......................... 62 Australian/New Zealand standards on steel materials ..... 58 American standards on bolting assemblies ........................................................4 C.................................................................3.............................1 C......................................7 C.......................................... 23 November 2007 vi © 12-2007 BCA ........2 C...................3 C.....................4......................................... 62 Australian/New Zealand standards on design of steel structures . 59 Japanese standards for reference ................2........................................3....................6 C............... 59 American standards on profiled steel sheets .................................3.................... 61 Japanese standards on stud shear connectors ...........................................................4...................4............ ................10 Table 7 — Hardness requirements for non-preloaded bolts .............26 Table 26 — Recommended combinations of British/European (BS EN) non-preloaded bolting assemblies .................BCA T-186/2007 List of tables Table 1 — Chemical composition requirements for steel plates based on ladle analysis...22 Table 18 — Design strengths of Japanese (JIS) structural steels .......8 Table 5 — Recommended grades of non-preloaded bolts ...............................11 Table 9 — Chemical composition requirements for non-preloaded bolts based on product analysis ............................25 Table 22 — Design strengths of American (ASTM) non-preloaded bolts ...................25 Table 24 — Design strengths of Australian/New Zealand (AS) non-preloaded bolts ..................................11 Table 11 — Recommended grades of preloaded bolts ..................................................................................................5 Table 2 — Chemical composition requirements for hot rolled sections based on ladle analysis ...............................................25 Table 25 — Design strengths of Chinese (GB) non-preloaded bolts ................................................................23 Table 19 — Design strengths of Australian/New Zealand (AS/NZS) structural steels .....................8 Table 4 — Chemical composition requirements for cold-formed hollow sections based on ladle analysis .................................................................................................................................................................................13 Table 14 — Hardness requirements for nuts in preloaded assemblies...........................24 Table 21 — Design strengths of British/European (BS EN) non-preloaded bolts..........................................10 Table 6 — Recommended grades of nuts in non-preloaded assemblies ........................................................................................................................................................................ 23 November 2007 vii .25 Table 23 — Design strengths of Japanese (JIS) non-preloaded bolts ......................................................................................................................................12 Table 12 — Recommended grades of nuts in preloaded assemblies ............................................6 Table 3 — Chemical composition requirements for hot finished hollow sections based on ladle analysis.......10 Table 8 — Hardness requirements for nuts in non-preloaded assembly..........................................................................11 Table 10 — Chemical composition requirements for nuts in non-preloaded assemblies based on product analysis ..................................21 Table 17 — Design strengths of American (ASTM and API) structural steels ............................................23 Table 20 — Design strengths of Chinese (GB) structural steels ........................26 © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment.......................................................................13 Table 15 — Chemical composition requirements for nuts in preloaded assemblies based on product analysis ..............................................................12 Table 13 — Hardness requirements for preloaded bolts......................................................13 Table 16 — Design strengths of British/European (BS EN) structural steels ................................................................................................... ... 28 Table 35 — Design strengths of Chinese (GB) preloaded bolts................................................................................ 31 Table 48 — Design strengths of Japanese (JIS) profiled steel sheets ........................................ 32 Table 51 — Tensile strengths of British/European (BS EN).................................. 28 Table 34 — Design strengths of Australian/New Zealand (AS) preloaded bolts ................................................................ 23 November 2007 viii © 12-2007 BCA ................................................. 30 Table 46 — Design strengths of British/European (BS EN) profiled steel sheets ........ 27 Table 33 — Design strengths of Japanese (JIS) preloaded bolts .................................................. 28 Table 39 — Recommended combinations of Australian/New Zealand (AS/NZS) preloaded bolting assemblies ................ 30 Table 45 — Design strengths of fillet weld made of Chinese (GB) welding consumables.......................................................... Japanese (JIS)............................................................. 33 Table 53 — Design strengths of Class 2 non-preloaded bolts ................................................................. 29 Table 40 — Recommended combinations of Chinese (GB) preloaded bolting assemblies........................................... 28 Table 38 — Recommended combinations of Japanese (JIS) preloaded bolting assemblies .................... 30 Table 47 — Design strengths of American (ASTM) profiled steel sheets.................... 28 Table 37 — Recommended combinations of American (ASTM) preloaded bolting assemblies............................ 29 Table 41 — Design strengths of fillet weld made of British/European (BS EN) welding consumables .................... 33 Draft for Public Comment. 27 Table 32 — Design strengths of American (ASTM) preloaded bolts......... Australian/New Zealand (AS/NZS) and Chinese (GB) stud shear connectors ........... 26 Table 28 — Recommended combinations of Japanese (JIS) non-preloaded bolting assemblies........ 26 Table 29 — Recommended combinations of Australian/New Zealand (AS/NZS) non-preloaded bolting assemblies ............................................................. 29 Table 42 — Design strengths of fillet weld made of American (AWS) welding consumables...................... 27 Table 30 — Recommended combinations of Chinese (GB) non-preloaded bolting assemblies .................... 31 Table 50 — Design strengths of Chinese (GB) profiled steel sheets.................................................................. 28 Table 36 — Recommended combinations of British/European (BS EN) preloaded bolting assemblies ....................................................................................................... 31 Table 49 — Design strengths of Australian/New Zealand (AS/NZS) profiled steel sheets .......................................................................................................................................................... 27 Table 31 — Design strengths of British/European (BS EN) preloaded bolts....... 29 Table 44 — Design strengths of fillet weld made of Australian/New Zealand (AS) welding consumables.................BCA T-186/2007 Table 27 — Recommended combinations of American (ASTM) non-preloaded bolting assemblies ................................... 33 Table 54 — Recommended combinations of Class 2 non-preloaded bolting assemblies ................................ American (AWS)................ 29 Table 43 — Design strengths of fillet weld made of Japanese (JIS) welding consumables ......... 32 Table 52 — Design strengths of Class 2 structural steels.............................................. .....................................BCA T-186/2007 Table 55 — Design strengths of Class 2 preloaded bolts ...............................................51 © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment..................................................35 Table B......................................... 23 November 2007 ix ..........1 — Material testing required for steel materials....34 Table 57 — Design strengths of Class 3 structural steels ........................................................................................34 Table 56 — Recommended combinations of Class 2 preloaded bolting assemblies ....... in N/mm2 Tension strength of bolts. in N/mm2 Original cross-sectional area of specimen in tensile test. in mm Bearing strength of bolts. or the stress at 0. in mm Minimum tensile strength of bolts. in mm2 Thickness of steel materials. in N/mm2 Shear strength of bolts. in N/mm2. and as the lesser of 0. the following symbols apply. in N/mm2 Design strength of structural steels.5% total elongation.2% proof stress. in N/mm2 Minimum yield strength of bolts. in N/mm2 Minimum tensile strength of structural steels. in N/mm2 Basic design strength of structural steels with thickness not greater than 16 mm.BCA T-186/2007 List of symbols For the purposes of this design guide. 23 November 2007 x © 12-2007 BCA . which is taken as the stress at either the initiation of yielding for steel materials with clearly defined yield point. in N/mm2 Minimum tensile strength of welding consumables. for steel materials with no clearly defined yield point Draft for Public Comment. in N/mm2 Proportional gauge length used to compute elongation in tensile test. fu Lo pbb ps pt pw py pyo So t Ub Ue Us Yb Ys Tensile strength of stud shear connector. in N/mm2 Design strength of fillet welds. in N/mm2 Minimum yield strength of structural steels. are used in the design of structural steelworks to ensure public safety. in compliance with appropriate execution standards to control materials. This design guide only gives provisions for structural design based on BS 5950. Steel materials not covered in BS 5950 by default shall be allowed with or without restrictions if they are in compliance with the provisions of this design guide. Compliance with this design guide does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. It should not be quoted as if it was a specification and particular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading. © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. fabrication and erection of steelwork. this design guide takes the form of guidance and recommendations. This design guide does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract.BCA T-186/2007 Foreword This design guide serves as Singapore’s national code of practice for the use of alternative steel materials in design to the British Standard “BS 5950 Structural use of steelwork in building”. As a code of practice. Reference for additional design recommendations other than those given in this design guide shall be made to various parts of BS 5950. It has been assumed in the drafting of this design guide that the execution of its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified persons. 23 November 2007 xi . Users of this design guide are responsible for their correct application. including those manufactured to British Standards. regardless of material standards to which the materials are manufactured to. and therefore only serves as guidance at the design stage. The objective of this design guide is to ensure that only adequate (in terms of material performance) and reliable (in terms of quality assurance) steel materials. . including those manufactured to British Standards.1 AS AISC ANSI API ASTM AWS BCA BS EN GB ISO JIS NZS 1.2 Acronyms Unless otherwise stated. 1. 23 November 2007 1 . and therefore not covered in BS 5950 by default.4 to © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment.American Petroleum Institute .British Standard(s) .1 Scope Under the provisions of this design guide.Building and Construction Authority of Singapore .American National Standards Institute .3. this design guide outlines the material performance requirements and quality assurance requirements to be imposed on all steel materials. 1.1 Alternative steel materials Alternative steel materials are steel materials not manufactured in accordance with British Standards.2.3 and quality assurance requirements defined in 1.3.American Welding Society . alternative steel materials not manufactured to British Standards may be allowed in structural design based on BS 5950. Introduction 1. The use of alternative steel materials in BS 5950 shall be allowed with or without recommendations and/or restrictions according to the classification defined in 1.American Society for Testing and Materials .Factory production control . 1.European Standard(s) .New Zealand Standard(s) Acronyms for technical terms .3. the following acronyms apply throughout this design guide.2 CEV FPC NDT Acronyms for standards and organizations .2. To be consistent. in the context of Singapore.Non-destructive testing 1. the following terms and definitions apply.International Organization for Standardization .National Standard(s) of the People’s Republic of China .3.3.BCA T-186/2007 Section 1.2.American Institute of Steel Construction . 1.Carbon equivalent value .Australian Standard(s) .3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this design guide. intended for use in accordance with BS 5950.Japanese Industrial Standard(s) .2 Classification of alternative steel materials Classification of alternative steel materials is carried out based on the assessments of both material performance requirements defined in 1. but only supplies the steel materials to the market.5 Certified steel materials Certified steel materials are alternative steel materials which can be found in Singapore and manufactured to one of the five international standards. ASTM and AWS).10 Product The term ‘product’ in this design guide shall refer to the steel material produced or manufactured by the ‘manufacturer’ defined in 1. to ensure their reliability to be used in the structural design based on BS 5950.6.3 Material performance requirements Material performance requirements are the essential requirements for the mechanical. 1.3. Draft for Public Comment. 1.3. Not all materials manufactured to the abovementioned five international standards are in the lists of certified steel materials (see Appendix A). 1.9 Purchaser The term ‘purchaser’ in this design guide shall refer to the purchaser of steel materials for design. 1. 1. 1.3. NOTE Certified steel materials still need to be classified accordingly (see Section 4). 1.BCA T-186/2007 categorize alternative steel materials into three classes – Class 1. NOTE See Section 2 for more details on structural performance requirements.6 Manufacturer The term ‘manufacturer’ in this design guide shall refer to the manufacturer of steel materials. which are British/European (BS EN). dimensional and/or other relevant properties of alternative steel materials to ensure their adequacy to be used in the structural design based on BS 5950. Japanese (JIS).3.7 Stockist The term ‘stockist’ in this design guide shall refer to the supplier of steel materials who does not manufacture the steel materials. 1. but only stocks and supplies the steel materials to the market. Australian/New Zealand (AS/NZS and AS) and Chinese (GB) standards.8 Trader The term ‘trader’ in this design guide shall refer to the supplier of steel materials who does not manufacture the steel materials.3.3. 23 November 2007 2 © 12-2007 BCA . but only those which meet the essential material performance requirements. and are acceptable to BCA. NOTE See Section 3 for more details on quality assurance requirements.3. Class 2 and Class 3 for the purpose of design to BS 5950 defined in Section 4. NOTE See Section 4 for more details on the classification procedure and the description for each class. physical.3. American (API. with their nominal specifications already certified to be complying with the essential material performance requirements through rigorous evaluation.4 Quality assurance requirements Quality assurance requirements are the requirements for the manufacturers of alternative steel materials to provide adequate assurance on the nominal specifications of the materials.3. fabrication and erection of steelwork. 23 November 2007 3 . the following technical equations apply throughout this design guide. 1. acceptable to or recognized by BCA. assessment and surveillance.4 Technical equations Unless otherwise stated.3.4. NOTE Attestation by a certification agency. is part of the quality assurance requirements (see Section 3).11 Certification agency The term ‘certification agency’ in this design guide shall refer to the independent third-party agency which carries out the duty of auditing the production control system of a manufacturer through necessary inspection. CEV (%) = % C + % Mn % Cr + % Mo + % V % Cu + % Ni + + 6 5 15 1. Lo = 5.65 S o © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment.BCA T-186/2007 1.1 Carbon equivalent value Carbon equivalent value as a measure of the weldability of steel materials shall be computed using the following equation.2 Proportional gauge length Proportional gauge length used in computing the elongation as a measure of the ductility of steel materials shall be computed using the following equation.4. 1. The plate edges may be as rolled or sheared.4 Through thickness deformation properties Where appropriate. NOTE References for material performance requirements in this section include. through thickness deformation properties shall be specified to guarantee adequate deformation capacity perpendicular to the surface to provide ductility and toughness against lamellar tearing. 2. BS 5950-2. BS 5950-1.2. or with controlled rolling (normalized rolling or thermo-mechanical rolling).1. at the same time.6. the impact toughness should also conform to the appropriate requirements as given in BS 5950-1. for examples) shall also be complied with. flame cut or chamfered.1. The nominal tensile strength to nominal yield strength ratio shall be at least 1.1.7.1 Manufacturing process Rimming steel shall not be allowed and the steel shall be at least semi-killed in the deoxidation process.1 for nominal yield strength not greater than 460 N/mm2. 2. The plates may be produced directly on reversing mill. for nominal yield strength not greater than 460 N/mm2.9. Draft for Public Comment.3 Impact toughness As a minimum.2. the product shall be able to absorb at least 27 J of impact energy at 20 °C. BS EN 10029 and BS EN 10051.1 Steel plates This section covers hot rolled uncoated steel plates with a minimum thickness of 3 mm. in alphanumerical order.1 Strength The nominal yield strength shall be in the range of 235 N/mm2 to 690 N/mm2. Material performance requirements Alternative steel materials shall be manufactured to a national standard in the first place and they shall. BS EN 10025-6. The essential material performance requirements for various types of commonly available alternative steel materials are as given in 2.BCA T-186/2007 Section 2. BS EN 10025-4. 2. 2. meet the relevant material performance requirements. 2. BS EN 10025-2. and shall be at least 10 % for nominal yield strength greater than 460 N/mm2.2. for examples) or other requirements given in BS 5950 but not covered by this design guide (surface and physical conditions. BS EN 1993-1-12. 2.1. by cutting from parent plates rolled on reversing mill or hot rolled wide strips.5.2 Mechanical properties 2. Project-specific (internal soundness and through thickness deformation properties.1. The products may be supplied in as-rolled. NOTE Specification of through thickness deformation properties can be referred to BS EN 10164. NOTE Conversion of elongation values measured not based on proportional gauge length is necessary and shall be performed according to BS EN ISO 2566-1. 2.4. BS EN 10025-5.3. BS EN 10025-1.8 and 2. normalized or quenched and tempered condition. 2. 23 November 2007 4 © 12-2007 BCA . 2.1. BS EN 10025-3.2. NOTE Depending on other factors including the thickness and minimum service temperature. supplied flat or pre-curved in any shape as required. 2.2 Ductility The elongation after fracture on proportional gauge length shall be at least 15 %. 2. Steel for cold forming (see 2.2. The nominal tensile strength shall be in the range of 300 N/mm2 to 1000 N/mm2.4) are not within the scope of this section. 2. 2.1. BS EN 10164 and BS EN 10279.05 0. The products may be supplied in as-rolled or normalized condition. carbon content shall not exceed 0. channels.15 %. Quenched and tempered steel shall not be allowed. BS EN 10025-3.05 0. maximum CEV and content of impurities shall be in accordance with the requirements given in Table 1.1 Dimensions In general. in alphanumerical order.4. BS EN 10034. BS EN 10055. BS EN 10025-2.030 0.045 0. BS EN 10025-4.02 a For certain weathering steel. 2.50 0. the deviation in actual mass from mass computed using a density of 7 850 kg/m3 shall be limited by the dimensional tolerances. T sections may be produced directly through hot rolling or by splitting the universal beams or columns.55 0.40 0.52 0. angles and T sections. NOTE 1 Interpolation for maximum content shall be allowed for design strength not given in Table 1. the requirements for chemical composition might vary and shall be referred to BS EN 10025-1. BS EN 10025-2. BS EN 10056-2. NOTE 2 Depending on the product thickness or variation in metallurgical process and intended use.44 0.1.05 0. the deviation in actual thickness from nominal plate thickness shall not exceed the larger of ± 2 mm and ± 10 %.1.4. BS EN 10025-1. Table 1 — Chemical composition requirements for steel plates based on ladle analysis py (N/mm2.030 0. NOTE References for material performance requirements in this section include. BS 5950-1. 2. based on t ≤ 16 mm) Maximum content (% by mass) CEV Pa S 235 275 355 420 460 460b 550b 690b b For quenched and tempered steel only.02 0.040 0.83 0.045 0.040 0.1.040 0. 23 November 2007 5 .49 0.1. maximum phosphorous content shall be allowed up to 0.2 Mass In general.3 Chemical composition In general. 2.4 Dimensional and mass tolerances 0. © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. BS EN 10024. BS EN 10025-5. or with controlled rolling (normalized rolling or thermo-mechanical rolling).26 %.2 Hot rolled sections This section covers hot rolled structural open sections including universal beams and columns.045 0.BCA T-186/2007 2. BS EN 10025-3.2. BS EN 10025-4.04 0. based on ladle analysis.05 0. BS 5950-2. joists.83 0.1 Manufacturing process Rimming steel shall not be allowed and the steel shall be at least semi-killed in the deoxidation process.05 0. 2. 2. BS EN 10025-5 and BS EN 10025-6. 045 0. width and leg length shall not exceed ± 2 %.045 0.4. NOTE Depending on other factors including the thickness and minimum service temperature. the deviation in actual mass from mass computed using a density of 7 850 kg/m3 shall not exceed ± 5 %.045 0.2. based on t ≤ 16 mm) Maximum content (% by mass) CEV Pa S 235 275 355 420 460 0.2.44 0. the product shall be able to absorb at least 27 J of impact energy at 20 °C. web and leg shall not exceed the larger of ± 2 mm and ± 10 %. maximum CEV and content of impurities shall be in accordance with the requirements given in Table 2.BCA T-186/2007 2.2.040 0. NOTE Conversion of elongation values measured not based on proportional gauge length is necessary and shall be performed according to BS EN ISO 2566-1.1 Strength The nominal yield strength shall be in the range of 235 N/mm2 to 460 N/mm2. the requirements for chemical composition might vary and shall be referred to BS EN 10025-1.040 0.2.2.26 %. BS EN 10025-3.4 Dimensional and mass tolerances 2. Table 2 — Chemical composition requirements for hot rolled sections based on ladle analysis py (N/mm2.40 0. 23 November 2007 6 © 12-2007 BCA . 2.2 Mass In general.1. 2.045 0. The nominal tensile strength to nominal yield strength ratio shall be at least 1. maximum phosphorous content shall be allowed up to 0.045 0.3 Impact toughness As a minimum.040 0. based on ladle analysis.55 0. NOTE 1 Interpolation for maximum content shall be allowed for design strength not given in Table 2. carbon content shall not exceed 0.2. BS EN 10025-2.3 Chemical composition In general.1 Dimensions In general.040 a For certain weathering steel. the deviation in the thicknesses of flange. Draft for Public Comment. the impact toughness should also conform to the appropriate requirements as given in BS 5950-1.2.2 Ductility The elongation after fracture on proportional gauge length shall be at least 15 %. the deviation in the actual overall dimensions like section height.2 Mechanical properties 2.2.15 %.52 0.4. 2.49 0. BS EN 10025-4 and BS EN 10025-5.2.2. The nominal tensile strength shall be in the range of 300 N/mm2 to 750 N/mm2. 2. NOTE 2 Depending on the product thickness or variation in metallurgical process and intended use. 2.045 0.2. 3. 23 November 2007 7 . the impact toughness should also conform to the appropriate requirements as given in BS 5950-1.3.3.1 Manufacturing process Rimming steel shall not be allowed and the steel shall be at least semi-killed in the deoxidation process.3. Hot finished hollow sections may be formed hot. Cold-formed hollow sections shall be formed cold without subsequent heat treatment except the weld seam may be in the as welded or heat treated condition. the requirements for chemical composition might vary and shall be referred to BS EN 10210-1 and BS EN 10219-1. NOTE Conversion of elongation values measured not based on proportional gauge length is necessary and shall be performed according to BS EN ISO 2566-1. NOTE Depending on other factors including the thickness and minimum service temperature.2. BS 5950-2. 2.2. the product shall be able to absorb at least 27 J of impact energy at 20 °C. NOTE 2 Depending on the product thickness or variation in metallurgical process and intended use. Hot finished elliptical hollow sections are also within the scope of this section.BCA T-186/2007 2.3 Impact toughness As a minimum.3. NOTE 1 Interpolation for maximum content shall be allowed for design strength not given in Table 3 and Table 4. based on ladle analysis. BS 7668. The nominal tensile strength shall be in the range of 300 N/mm2 to 750 N/mm2. or formed cold with subsequent heat treatment to attain the metallurgical conditions equivalent to those formed hot.3 Chemical composition In general. BS EN 10210-1. Cold-formed hollow sections may also be supplied in normalized condition or with controlled rolling (normalized rolling or thermo-mechanical rolling).3 Hollow sections This section covers both hot finished and cold-formed structural hollow sections of circular. 2.2.24 %. BS EN 10210-2. maximum CEV and content of impurities shall be in accordance with the requirements given in Table 3 and Table 4. © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. 2. with or without subsequent heat treatment.3. NOTE References for material performance requirements in this section include. BS EN 10219-1 and BS EN 10219-2. Hot finished hollow sections may also be supplied in normalized condition or with normalized rolling. BS 5950-1.1 Strength The nominal yield strength shall be in the range of 235 N/mm2 to 460 N/mm2. Quenched and tempered steel shall not be allowed.2 Ductility The elongation after fracture on proportional gauge length shall be at least 15 %. Hollow sections shall be manufactured by a seamless or by a welding process. 2. 2.2 Mechanical properties 2. carbon content shall not exceed 0. square or rectangular forms. in alphanumerical order. 035 0.4 Dimensional and mass tolerances 2.40 0.3. NOTE References for material performance requirements in this section include.035 0.3. which is recommended to lower the CEV.41 0. BS 5950-5. BS 5950-7.035 0.040 0. the deviation in the actual overall dimensions like section height. 2.035 0. 2.035 0.035 0.035 a For certain weathering steel.040 0.50b 0.BCA T-186/2007 Table 3 — Chemical composition requirements for hot finished hollow sections based on ladle analysis py (N/mm2. and supplied in sheet or strip. based on t ≤ 16 mm) Maximum content (% by mass) CEV Pa S 235 275 355 420 460 0. exclusive of coatings. the deviation in actual mass from mass computed using a density of 7 850 kg/m3 shall not exceed ± 6 %. in alphanumerical order. 23 November 2007 8 © 12-2007 BCA . Cold-formed structural hollow sections (see 2. Draft for Public Comment. maximum phosphorous content shall be allowed up to 0. maximum phosphorous content shall be allowed up to 0. width and diameter shall not exceed ± 1 %. Table 4 — Chemical composition requirements for cold-formed hollow sections based on ladle analysis py (N/mm2.55 0. is introduced.035 a For certain weathering steel.3) and profiled steel sheets for composite slabs (see 2.53b 0.15 %.035 0.035 0. the corresponding maximum CEV allowed shall be reduced by 10 %.040 0.4.8) are not within the scope of this section.035 0.040 0. based on t ≤ 16 mm) Maximum content (% by mass) CEV Pa S 235 275 355 420 460 0.040 0.37 0. of not more than 8 mm for use as structural members. the deviation in the wall thicknesses shall not exceed the larger of ± 2 mm and ± 10 %.52 0.040 0. b If thermo-mechanical rolling.50 0. BS EN 10025-2 and BS EN 10051.1 Dimensions In general.45 0.3.035 0. 2.48b 0.15 %.4 Steel for cold forming This section covers steel flat products used for the manufacture of cold-formed open sections with a thickness.4.040 0.040 0.2 Mass In general. 2.1 Manufacturing process The bolts may be produced by cold forging or hot forging. 2.4.4. in alphanumerical order.1 Dimensions In general.BCA T-186/2007 2. zinc-aluminium alloy.4. For hot rolled steel sheets or strips. free cutting steel may be allowed for lower grades of bolts. 2. the deviation in actual mass from mass computed using a density of 7 850 kg/m3 shall be limited by the dimensional tolerances. BS EN 10149-2. low carbon steel shall not be allowed. 2. BS EN ISO 4016. BS 4190.5 Non-preloaded bolting assemblies This section covers structural bolting assemblies. carbon content shall not exceed 0. 2. hot forging or by turning from bar. normalized or with controlled rolling (normalized rolling or thermo-mechanical rolling).5.2 Ductility The elongation after fracture on proportional gauge length shall be at least 15 %.1 Manufacturing process The steel flat products for cold forming might be hot rolled. 23 November 2007 9 .4. BS EN 20898-2 (ISO 898-2). which include the ISO metric hexagon bolts with the matching nuts and washers. zinc-iron alloy.12 % NOTE Depending on the product thickness or variation in metallurgical process and intended use. the deviation in actual thickness from nominal plate thickness shall not exceed the larger of ± 0. NOTE References for material performance requirements in this section include. low carbon steel shall not be allowed. BS EN ISO 898-1. 2. For special steel with high mechanical and/or plastic strain resistances. BS 5950-1. For cold rolled steel sheets or strips.1 Strength The nominal yield strength shall be in the range of 200 N/mm2 to 550 N/mm2.2 Mass In general. BS EN ISO 4018. Bolts with thread size in the range of 5 mm to 68 mm. the coatings might be zinc. BS EN ISO 4033.4. based on ladle analysis. used for non-preloaded or bearing type bolted connections.22 %.04 %. aluminium-zinc alloy or aluminium-silicon alloy. rimming steel shall not be allowed and the steel shall be at least semikilled in the deoxidation process. CEV shall not exceed 0. the requirements for chemical composition might vary and shall be referred to BS EN 10025-2.4 Dimensional and mass tolerances 2. BS EN 10268 and BS EN 10326.4. For coated steel sheets or strips.4. the products may be supplied in as-rolled. maximum phosphorous content shall be allowed up to 0. cold rolled or continuously hot-dip coated.2.4.4. 2. are covered in this section.3 mm and ± 10 %. free cutting steel may be allowed for lower grades of nuts. BS EN ISO 4032.48 % and content of each phosphorous and sulphur shall not exceed 0. © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. BS EN ISO 4014.2. The nuts may be produced by cold forging. NOTE Conversion of elongation values measured not based on proportional gauge length is necessary and shall be performed according to BS EN ISO 2566-1. alloying or quenching and tempering shall be allowed to achieve higher strength. plain washers with or without chamfer. BS EN 10149-3. BS 4320. BS EN ISO 4034 and BS EN ISO 7091.2 Mechanical properties 2. BS 5950-2. alloying or quenching and tempering shall be allowed to achieve higher strength.4.3 Chemical composition In general. BS EN ISO 4017. The nominal tensile strength shall be in the range of 250 N/mm2 to 750 N/mm2. 2. NOTE The nominal strengths given in Table 5 shall not be used as the tension strength for design (see BS 5950-1).9 120 – 220 250 – 335 320 – 380 114 – 209 238 – 318 304 – 361 67 – 95 (HRB) 22 – 34 (HRC) 32 – 39 (HRC) Draft for Public Comment. the recommended grades of nuts.BCA T-186/2007 The washers shall be made from mild steel. the recommended grades of non-preloaded bolts.5.2.5.6 8.8 10.5.2 Ductility 400 800 1000 ≤ 4.2 Mechanical properties 2. 2. respectively. NOTE Nuts of one class higher shall be used when overtapping of nut thread occurs due to the thick coating of bolts. the elongation after fracture on proportional gauge length shall be at least 8 %. 2. the nominal tensile strength shall be in the range of 300 N/mm2 to 1200 N/mm2.2.9 400 800 1000 240 640 900 For nuts. and the corresponding proof load stress and the compatible grades of bolts. Table 7 — Hardness requirements for non-preloaded bolts Range of hardness Grade of bolts Vickers hardness (HV) Brinell hardness (HB) Rockwell hardness (HRB or HRC) 4. the proof load stress shall be in the range of 400 N/mm2 to 1200 N/mm2.1 Strength For bolts. Table 5 — Recommended grades of non-preloaded bolts Grade of bolts Nominal tensile strength (N/mm2) Nominal yield strength (N/mm2) 4.5.6 8. 23 November 2007 10 © 12-2007 BCA .8 ≤ 8. in accordance with the property class designation system of ISO 898-1 are given in Table 5.8 10. Table 6 — Recommended grades of nuts in non-preloaded assemblies Grade of nuts Proof load stress (N/mm2) Compatible bolt grades 4 8 10 2. the reduction in area after fracture shall be at least 45 %.8 ≤ 10.9 For bolts. whereas the Vickers hardness of the washers shall be in between 100 HV to 200 HV. and the corresponding nominal tensile and yield strengths. in accordance with the property class designation system of ISO 898-2 are given in Table 6.3 Hardness The bolts and nuts of recommended grades shall be able to meet the one of the three hardness ranges given in Table 7 and Table 8. 048 0.150 0. dimensional tolerances shall be in accordance with the corresponding standards which the bolts.34 % and lead 0.BCA T-186/2007 Table 8 — Hardness requirements for nuts in non-preloaded assembly Range of hardness Grade of nuts Vickers hardness (HV) ≤ 310 ≤ 370 ≤ 395 Brinell hardness (HB) ≤ 302 ≤ 353 ≤ 375 Rockwell hardness (HRC) ≤ 30 ≤ 36 ≤ 39 ≤8 10 12 2.3 Chemical composition For bolts.58 0.35 %. nuts and washers are manufactured to.110 0. maximum content of carbon and impurities shall be in accordance with the requirements given in Table 9.5.4 Dimensional tolerances As a minimum. maximum content of impurities shall be in accordance with the requirements given in Table 9.50 0. Table 10 — Chemical composition requirements for nuts in non-preloaded assemblies based on product analysis Grade of nuts Maximum content (% by mass) C P S ≤ 6a 8 10 and 12 0.058 a Free cutting steel may be allowed for these grades with the following maximum contents – sulphur 0. 23 November 2007 11 . © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment.8 0.060 0. For nuts.58 0. Table 9 — Chemical composition requirements for non-preloaded bolts based on product analysis Grade of bolts Maximum content (% by mass) P S ≤ 6. based on product analysis.8a ≥ 8.5.150 0.34 %.050 0. based on product analysis. carbon content shall not exceed 0.55 %. 2. phosphorous 0.11 % and lead 0.035 a Free cutting steel may be allowed for these grades with the following maximum contents – sulphur 0.35 %.035 0.060 0. 23 November 2007 12 © 12-2007 BCA .8 10. plain washers with or without chamfer and tension indicating washers. and the corresponding proof load stress and the compatible grades of bolts. BS EN 20898-2 (ISO 898-2) and BS EN ISO 898-1.2 Mechanical properties 2. and the corresponding nominal tensile and yield strengths.6 Preloaded bolting assemblies This section covers structural bolting assemblies. BS 4395-2. the elongation after fracture on proportional gauge length shall be at least 8 %.6. Bolts with thread size in the range of 12 mm to 36 mm. used for preloaded or non-slip bolted connections.1 Manufacturing process The bolts shall be heat-treated under uniform conditions. BS 7644-2. BS EN 14399-4. the nominal tensile strength shall be in the range of 800 N/mm2 to 1200 N/mm2. BS 4395-1. NOTE The nominal strengths given in Table 5 shall not be used as the tension strength for design (see BS 5950-1). are covered in this section.6. BS EN 14399-2. BS 7644-1. free cutting steel shall not be allowed. the recommended grades of nuts. 2.3 Hardness The bolts and nuts of recommended grades shall be able to meet the one of the three hardness ranges given in Table 13 and Table 14. BS 4604-1. BS EN 14399-5.6. BS EN 14399-3.9 800 1000 640 900 For nuts. Table 11 — Recommended grades of preloaded bolts Grade of bolts Nominal tensile strength (N/mm2) Nominal yield strength (N/mm2) 8. the proof load stress shall be in the range of 800 N/mm2 to 1200 N/mm2. Draft for Public Comment. respectively. in accordance with the property class designation system of ISO 898-2 are given in Table 12. NOTE References for material performance requirements in this section include. The washers shall be hardened by quenching and tempering.BCA T-186/2007 2.2.1 Strength For bolts. in alphanumerical order. BS 5950-1. and hardened by quenching and tempering. NOTE Nuts of one class higher shall be used when overtapping of nut thread occurs due to the thick coating of bolts.8 or lower 10.2. BS 5950-2. the recommended grades of preloaded bolts.6. and hardened by quenching and tempering. either the Vickers hardness shall be in between 300 HV to 370 HV or the Rockwell hardness shall be in between 38 HRC to 45 HRC.6.2 Ductility 800 1000 8. whereas for the washers.2. The nuts shall be heat-treated under uniform conditions.9 or lower For bolts. which include the ISO metric hexagon bolts with the matching nuts and washers. BS EN 14399-1. BS EN 14399-6. 2. 2. BS 4604-2. Table 12 — Recommended grades of nuts in preloaded assemblies Grade of nuts Proof load stress (N/mm2) Compatible bolt grades 8 10 2. in accordance with the property class designation system of ISO 898-1 are given in Table 11. carbon content shall not exceed 0.6. Table 15 — Chemical composition requirements for nuts in preloaded assemblies based on product analysis Grade of nuts Maximum content (% by mass) C P S 8 10 and 12 2. BS EN 756. dimensional tolerances shall be in accordance with the corresponding standards which the bolts. nuts and washers are manufactured to.9 250 – 335 320 – 380 238 – 318 304 – 361 22 – 34 32 – 39 Table 14 — Hardness requirements for nuts in preloaded assemblies Range of hardness Grade of nuts Vickers hardness (HV) Brinell hardness (HB) Rockwell hardness 8 10 12 2. BS EN 440.1 NOTE Mechanical properties Multi run technique shall be referred to BS EN 1597-1 or equivalent. used in arc welding. 2. the maximum content of sulphur and phosphorus shall not exceed 0. based on product analysis.06 % each. The mechanical properties of the all-weld metal shall be obtained through multi run technique.58 0.55 %.4 Dimensional tolerances 0. including electrodes.8 10. BS EN 1597-1. in alphanumerical order. BS EN 1668 and BS EN ISO 2560. © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment.150 0.BCA T-186/2007 Table 13 — Hardness requirements for preloaded bolts Range of hardness Grade of bolts Vickers hardness (HV) Brinell hardness (HB) Rockwell hardness (HRC) 8. wires. rods and fluxes. 2.7.1.7 NOTE Welding consumables References for material performance requirements in this section include.7. 23 November 2007 13 . based on product analysis. maximum content of carbon and impurities shall be in accordance with the requirements given in Table 15. BS 5950-1.58 0. BS 5950-2.048 0. BS EN 758.058 As a minimum. This section covers welding consumables.1 Strength The nominal yield strength of the all-weld metal shall be in the range of 355 N/mm2 to 690 N/mm2.060 0.6. For nuts.3 Chemical composition 175 – 310 258 – 370 ≤ 395 166 – 302 248 – 353 ≤ 375 88 HRB – 30 HRC 24 HRC – 36 HRC ≤ 39 HRC For bolts. 2. 2 Ductility The elongation after fracture of the all-weld metal on proportional gauge length of 5 times the specimen diameter shall be at least 15 %.8 Profiled steel sheets This section covers profiled steel sheets with a thickness.2 Mass In general. 2.3 Impact toughness As a minimum.BCA T-186/2007 2.7.1 Manufacturing process The stud shear connectors shall be made from mild steel or stainless steel. in alphanumerical order. 2.4. 2. The shank diameter shall be in the range of 10 mm to 25 mm.2. NOTE References for material performance requirements in this section include.9.1 Manufacturing process The profiled steel sheets shall be continuously hot-dip zinc-coated with structural quality. 23 November 2007 14 © 12-2007 BCA . the all-weld metal shall be able to absorb at least 27 J of impact energy at 20 °C.04 %.9 Stud shear connectors This section covers headed stud shear connectors used in transmitting the longitudinal shear between concrete and steel in composite beams and slabs.05 % and 0.8. Draft for Public Comment. 2. 2. 2. 2. BS 5950-3.8. whereas the head depth shall be at least 0. 2. respectively. NOTE Depending on other factors including the thickness and minimum service temperature.1 Strength The nominal yield strength shall be in the range of 220 N/mm2 to 550 N/mm2.8.3 Chemical composition In general. carbon content shall not exceed 0. The head diameter shall be at least 1. the deviation in actual thickness from nominal plate thickness shall not exceed the larger of ± 0. BS 5950-6.1 and BS EN ISO 13918. based on ladle analysis. exclusive of coatings.4 times the shank diameter. BS EN 10143 and BS EN 10326.7. NOTE Conversion of elongation values measured not based on proportional gauge length is necessary and shall be performed according to BS EN ISO 2566-1. in the range of 0. BS 5950-4.8.2 Mechanical properties 2.1.8. in alphanumerical order.4.1.7 mm to 5. BS 5950-7.8. NOTE References for material performance requirements in this section include.25 % and content of each phosphorous and sulphur shall not exceed 0. the deviation in actual mass from mass computed using a density of 7 850 kg/m3 shall be limited by the dimensional tolerances. the impact toughness should also conform to the appropriate requirements as given in BS 5950-1.1 Dimensions In general.4 Dimensional and mass tolerances 2.0 mm for use in composite slabs through composite action. The nominal tensile strength shall be in the range of 275 N/mm2 to 600 N/mm2.1 mm and ± 10 %. 2.8.5 times the shank diameter. 2 Mechanical properties 2. © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. 2.2. 2. 23 November 2007 15 .3 Dimensional tolerances As a minimum. NOTE Conversion of elongation values measured not based on proportional gauge length is necessary and shall be performed according to BS EN ISO 2566-1.BCA T-186/2007 2.2.9.2 Ductility The elongation after fracture on proportional gauge length shall be at least 14 %. dimensional tolerances shall be in accordance with the corresponding standards which the shear connectors are manufactured to.9.9.9.1 Strength The nominal tensile strength shall be at least 400 N/mm2. 3.1.1. The responsibilities of personnel managing.3. 3.BCA T-186/2007 Section 3. Certificates of factory production control system. process affecting product quality and conformity.1 Feedstock materials The source of feedstock and/or raw materials shall be well-documented for a period of at least 7 years to ensure the full traceability of the products. and their inter-relationship. Such inspections.1. regular inspections and tests and/or assessments and the use of the results to control feedstock materials.2. continuous surveillance and assessment of the production control system through inspection carried out at least once a year. issued by the independent third-party certification agencies acceptable to or recognized by BCA. in accordance with the relevant performance requirements (see Section 2).3 Personnel Qualifications of personnel involved in NDT.1.1.1. measuring and testing equipment for quality control shall be in accordance with the standards listed in Appendix B or the equivalent standards. regularly inspected and calibrated to ensure the reliability and accuracy of results. the production process and the products. 23 November 2007 16 © 12-2007 BCA .6 through attestation by an independent third-party certification agency acceptable to or recognized by BCA on the basis of.1. shall be assessed and documented in the manufacturer’s written procedures. shall form the acceptable indicator for an attested factory production control system. shall be clearly defined.1 Factory production control The manufacturer shall establish. performing or verifying work affecting product quality and conformity. first.1) and shall provide sufficient guarantee to the purchasers with appropriate test certificates (see 3. Quality assurance requirements The actual performance and compliance of the alternative steel materials with the nominal specifications stipulated in their respective national standards and material performance requirements from Section 2 shall be substantiated by a quality assurance system acceptable to BCA. skills and experience. personnel. maintenances and calibrations shall be carried out and documented in accordance with the manufacturer’s written procedures. equipment.2 Equipment All equipment used in the manufacturing process shall be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure consistency in the manufacturing process and the product quality. training. initial inspection on the system after receiving and analyzing the complete set of manuals of production control system submitted by the manufacturers. 3. all weighing.4. document and maintain a factory production control (FPC) system to ensure the conformity of the products to the nominal specifications.5 and 3. the production control system shall meet the requirements in 3. 3. As a minimum. A manufacturer with an acceptable quality assurance system shall establish a production control system attested with a certificate issued by a certification agency (see 3. 3. Such system shall consist of written procedures.2). Draft for Public Comment. based on relevant education. 3. 3.1. The specifications of all incoming feedstock and/or raw materials and the relevant inspection scheme to ensure their conformity shall be documented in accordance with the manufacturer’s written procedures. 3.1. second.1. shall be carried out by authorized inspection representative independent of the manufacturing department prior to delivery to ensure the products to be supplied conform to the nominal specifications and additional requirements made at the time of order. 3.BCA T-186/2007 3. For bolts to be used for structural purpose.2 Routine testing Routine testing shall be carried out by the manufacturer in accordance with the manufacturer’s written procedures. 3. upon request at the time of order. particulars of manufacturer and any other essential information.1. contact information and company registration number shall be indicated clearly in the test certificate.2 Manufacturer test certificates Testing.2).2 Reference details The number of purchase order.2. 3.4. The testing shall be performed in accordance with the standards listed in Appendix B or the equivalent standards.2. Occurrence of such non-conformity shall be documented in accordance with the manufacturer’s written procedures.1. © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. 3.1 Initial type testing Initial type testing shall be carried out under the sole responsibility of the manufacturer before the products are made available in the market and upon the introduction of changes to the manufacturing process which may affect the product characteristics. reference number and date of issue shall be indicated clearly in the test certificate.3. 3. Upon the request of the purchasers or BCA. durable adhesive labels or attached tags with the product specifications. 3. the initial type testing shall include the experimental and/or theoretical evaluation of the product characteristics corresponding to the relevant performance requirements (see Section 2). within the manufacturer’s organization.2. certificates issued by an independent third party inspection agency shall also be produced.4 Product testing The manufacturer shall establish testing procedures to ensure conformity of the products to the nominal specifications. 3. bar coding. laser marking. Information corresponding to the relevant material performance requirements given in Section 2 and Appendix B shall be attached in the form of test certificates (see 3.2. 3.6.2.1 Information of manufacturer The manufacturer’s name. As a minimum.2. testing shall be conducted by a department independent from the production department.2.6 Non-conforming products The manufacturer shall establish appropriate actions to be taken against products not conforming to the nominal specifications. stamping. every individual bolt must be properly marked to clearly indicate the grade. 3. 3.1.3 Specific testing Specific testing. 3. conducted by the manufacturers shall be substantiated by test certificates.5 Product marking The products shall be properly marked using methods like painting.1.1.1. including inspections.4.4.5 and 3.2.4. 3.2.1. As a minimum. As a minimum. quality assurance shall be provided by the manufacturers with manufacturer test certificates containing information given in 3. 23 November 2007 17 . 23 November 2007 18 © 12-2007 BCA . Use of the test results of feedstock materials shall be clearly indicated.6 Authentication The test certificate shall be authenticated with the manufacturer’s company stamp.2. which are corresponding and conforming to the relevant material performance requirements (see Section 2 and Appendix B). 3.3 Material specifications The number of material standard and the grade.2. shall be indicated clearly in the test certificate.2. and/or other useful information about the material supplied. 3. Draft for Public Comment.4 Information for traceability The heat number and batch number of the feedstock materials shall be indicated clearly in the test certificate. name or code of material supplied. shall be indicated clearly in the test certificate.2.BCA T-186/2007 3. if any. 3.5 Test results The test results. 4. In both cases.1 or 4.1 Certification Certification is the process of rigorous evaluation of the specifications given in the British/European.1. American. through appropriate sampling rates and test methods as given in Appendix B.2 Reliability assessment The reliability of alternative steel materials shall be verified against the quality assurance requirements. The adequacy and reliability of alternative steel materials shall be verified against the material performance requirements (see Section 2) as well as the quality assurance requirements (see Section 3). in the entire process of classification. The purchaser shall obtain a validated copy of such certificate directly from the manufacturer or through the stockist or trader. Japanese. Two types of certificates are required to verify the reliability of alternative steel materials.2. 4.1 Adequacy assessment The adequacy of alternative steel materials shall be verified against the material performance requirements.2) as an additional layer of quality assurance on the alternative steel materials delivered. during the design stage prior to material procurement.BCA T-186/2007 Section 4.1. 4. 4. the quantity of steel materials actually supplied to the purchaser shall be clearly indicated. 23 November 2007 19 . Australian/New Zealand and Chinese material standards.1 Factory production control certificates The manufacturer shall produce a factory production control (FPC) certificate issued by an independent third-party certification agency acceptable to or recognized by BCA as an attestation of the factory production control system in meeting the requirements given in 3.2. The purpose of certification is to derive lists of certified steel materials as defined in 1. respectively. against the essential material performance requirements.2 Material testing Material testing is the process of verifying the adequacy of non-certified steel materials. Failure of the manufacturer to produce either one of the certificates given in 4.5.2 Manufacturer test certificates The manufacturer shall produce an authenticated test certificate (see 3. 4. © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment.3. Classification of alternative steel materials Classification of alternative steel materials is necessary to determine whether these materials shall be allowed in the structural design based on BS 5950 with or without any restriction. The purchaser shall obtain such certificate directly from the manufacturer or a validated copy of such certificate through the stockist or trader. 4.2 is considered not meeting the quality assurance requirements.1.2. NOTE Material testing for the purpose of adequacy assessment during the design stage shall not exempt the purchasers from performing the obligatory inspection and testing in accordance with appropriate regulations. Only those materials with their specifications complying with the relevant material performance requirements are included in the lists. Certification and material testing are the two possible methods to verify the adequacy of alternative steel materials.2. 4.3. 4.3. the steel material may be treated as Class 2 status if its adequacy and reliability can be guaranteed through rigorous material control and testing plans on site. 4. NOTE Only materials in the list of certified materials can be qualified as Class 1 alternative steel materials. 4. Class 2 and Class 3. 23 November 2007 20 © 12-2007 BCA .2 Class 2 alternative steel materials Class 2 alternative steel materials are non-certified steel materials which meet the material performance requirements through material testing. 100% destructive testing for all batches and heat numbers. Figure 1 — Overall framework for classification of alternative steel materials Alternative steel materials shall be classified based on the verification against material performance requirements and quality assurance requirements. depending on the quality assurance provided by the manufacturers. as defined in 4.2 and 4.BCA T-186/2007 4. As a minimum.3 Classification procedure The complete classification procedure of alternative steel materials shall follow the flow represented by the overall framework shown in Figure 1.3. and are manufactured with approved quality assurance. depending on the quality assurance provided by the manufacturers. see Figure 1.4 Special case As an alternative to 4.1 Class 1 alternative steel materials Class 1 alternative steel materials are certified steel materials manufactured with approved quality assurance.3. into three classes – Class 1.3.3 Class 3 alternative steel materials Class 3 alternative steel materials are steel materials which do not meet at least one of the two requirements – material performance requirements and quality assurance requirements. 4. NOTE Materials not in the list of certified materials can only be qualified as Class 2 alternative steel materials.3 and on a case-by-case basis subject to approval by BCA.3. test report from accredited laboratory and material compliance report from an independent expert consultant.1. such written plan should comprise at least 100% material inspection and non-destructive testing. Draft for Public Comment.3. 2 and 4. the specified thickness of the thickest element of the cross-section shall be used.1.4.2 and 5. plastic design shall not be allowed.3. The design strength py of Class 1 structural steel shall be computed using the following equation. as defined in 4.1 Class 1 structural steel This section covers the design strength of Class 1 steel plates. Design strength: or py = Ys 1.0 ≤ Us or 460 N/mm2 . hot-rolled sections.1. © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. py = The design strengths corresponding to different steel grades are given in Table 16. for thickness (mm) less than or equal to 16 40 63 80 100 150 S235 S275 S355 S420 S460 S460a S500a S550a S620a S690a 235 275 355 420 460 460 500 550 620 690 225 265 345 400 440 460 500 550 620 690 215 255 335 390 430 440 480 530 580 650 215 245 325 370 410 440 480 530 580 650 215 235 315 360 400 440 480 530 580 650 195 225 295 340 380 400 440 490 560 630 a Quenched and tempered steel for steel plates only. 5. The major design parameters and equations are given in 5. where plastic design shall not be allowed.BCA T-186/2007 Section 5. which are in the lists of certified steel materials in Appendix A and are in compliance with the quality assurance requirements (see Section 3). 5.3. to BS 5950.0 least 460 N/mm2.1.3.3 whereas other properties which are common to all three classes of alternative steel materials are given in 5. Table 17.2 Ys ≤ 690 N/mm 2 for steel plates with nominal yield strength of at 1. Table 19 and Table 20. 4. Table 16 — Design strengths of British/European (BS EN) structural steels Grade Design strength py (N/mm2). 5.3. NOTE For rolled sections. 23 November 2007 21 . 1. hollow sections and steel for cold forming. Design recommendations This section covers the design recommendations on the use of three different classes of alternative steel materials.1 Design recommendations on Class 1 alternative steel materials This section covers the design guide on Class 1 alternative steel materials. Table 18. BCA T-186/2007 Table 17 — Design strengths of American (ASTM and API) structural steels Grade in Designation metric [imperial] Design strength py (N/mm2). for thickness (mm) less than or equal to 20 32 40 50 65 100 ASTM structural steels A 36 A 242 250 [36] 345 [50] 290 [42] 345 [50] A 572 380 [55] 415 [60] 450 [65] A 588 345 [50] 250 [36] A 709 345 [50] 485 [70]a 690 [100] a A 792 A 852 230 [33] 485 [70] a 230 [33] 255 [37] A 875 275 [40] 345 [50] 410 [60] A 945 A 992 345 [50] 450 [65] 345 [50] 205 [30] 210 [31] 230 [33] A 1008 240 [35] 310 [45] 340 [50] 410 [60] 250 345 290 345 380 415 450 345 250 345 485 690 230 485 230 255 275 345 410 345 450 345 205 210 230 240 310 340 410 250 345 290 345 380 415 450 345 250 345 485 690 485 345 450 345 250 345 290 345 380 345 250 345 485 690 485 345 450 345 250 345 290 345 380 345 250 345 485 690 485 345 450 345 250 345 290 345 345 250 345 485 690 485 450 345 250 345 290 345 345 250 345 485 690 485 345 - Draft for Public Comment. 23 November 2007 22 © 12-2007 BCA . for thickness t (mm) in the range 6 ≤ t < 12 12 ≤ t < 16 t = 16 16 < t ≤ 40 40 < t ≤ 100 SN 400 B SN 400 C SN 490 B SN 490 C 235 325 - 235 325 - 235 235 325 325 235 235 325 325 215 215 295 295 Table 19 — Design strengths of Australian/New Zealand (AS/NZS) structural steels Grade Design strength py (N/mm2). for thickness (mm) less than or equal to 8 12 20 32 50 80 150 3678-250-L15 3678-300-L15 3678-350-L15 3678-400-L15 3678-450-L15 3679-250 250 300 350 400 450 250 250 300 350 400 450 250 250 300 350 380 450 250 250 280 340 360 420 250 250 280 340 360 400 230 240 280 340 360 - 240 280 330 - © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment.BCA T-186/2007 Grade in Designation metric [imperial] Design strength py (N/mm2). plastic design shall not be allowed. 23 November 2007 23 . Table 18 — Design strengths of Japanese (JIS) structural steels Grade Design strength py (N/mm2). for thickness (mm) less than or equal to 20 32 40 50 65 100 205 [30] 230 [33] A 1011 250 [36] 310 [45] 340 [50] API 5L (PSL 2) structural steels Grade B Grade X42 Grade X46 Grade X52 Grade X56 Grade X60 Grade X65 205 230 250 310 340 - - - - - 241 290 317 359 386 414 448 241 290 317 359 386 414 448 241 290 317 359 386 414 448 - - - a For steel plates only. for thickness (mm) less than or equal to 16 35 50 100 150 Q235 Q275 Q295 Q345a Q345b Q355c Q390 Q420 Q460 235 275 295 345 325 355 390 420 460 225 265 275 325 315 345 370 400 440 215 255 255 295 305 335 350 380 420 215 245 235 275 325 330 360 400 195 225 - a Not applicable to Q345 for seamless hollow sections manufactured to GB/T 8162.BCA T-186/2007 Design strength py (N/mm2).2 Class 1 non-preloaded bolted connections This section covers the design strengths of Class 1 non-preloaded bolts and the recommended combinations of matching components in non-preloaded bolting assemblies.1. Table 23. c Only applicable to weathering steel Q355NH manufactured to GB/T 4172. b Only applicable to Q345 for seamless hollow sections manufactured to GB/T 8162. The design strengths corresponding to different bolt grades are given in Table 21. 5. Table 22. for thickness (mm) less than or equal to 8 12 20 32 50 80 150 Grade 3679-350 3679-400 1163-C250 1163-C275 1163-C300 1163-C350 1163-C400 1163-C450 350 400 250 275 300 350 400 450 340 400 250 275 300 350 400 450 340 380 - 340 380 - 330 - - - Table 20 — Design strengths of Chinese (GB) structural steels Grade Design strength py (N/mm2). Draft for Public Comment. Table 24 and Table 25. 23 November 2007 24 © 12-2007 BCA . 8 8.6 4.8 5.BCA T-186/2007 Table 21 — Design strengths of British/European (BS EN) non-preloaded bolts Grade Shear strength ps (N/mm2) Bearing strength pbb (N/mm2) Tension strength pt (N/mm2) 4. 5.8 10.8 10.6.8 186 248 310 372 496 620 336 360 448 672 896 1120 300 400 500 600 800 1000 © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment.8 5.8 6.9 12.6. 23 November 2007 25 .8 6.8 8.9 160 375 400 460 1000 1300 240 560 700 Table 22 — Design strengths of American (ASTM) non-preloaded bolts Grade Shear strength ps (N/mm2) Bearing strength pbb (N/mm2) Tension strength pt (N/mm2) Grade B (ASTM A 307) 165 310 232. 4.8 9.6 8.6 4.9 120 160 200 240 320 360 400 480 336 448 560 756 1008 1134 1330 1596 210 280 350 420 560 630 700 840 Table 24 — Design strengths of Australian/New Zealand (AS) non-preloaded bolts Grade Shear strength ps (N/mm2) Bearing strength pbb (N/mm2) Tension strength pt (N/mm2) 3.5 Table 23 — Design strengths of Japanese (JIS) non-preloaded bolts Grade Shear strength ps (N/mm2) Bearing strength pbb (N/mm2) Tension strength pt (N/mm2) 3.8 10. 4.8 for d ≤ M39 8.8 for d ≤ M16 10. Table 28. 10 for overtapped nut thread 10.6 8. 5.8 10.9 125 250 310 320 720 930 200 400 500 The recommended combinations of matching components in non-preloaded bolting assemblies are given in Table 26.6. 12 for overtapped nut thread 100 HV Table 27 — Recommended combinations of American (ASTM) non-preloaded bolting assemblies Grade of bolt Class of nut Grade of washer Grade B (ASTM A 307) 4 to 10.6 8.6.9 for d ≤ M39 12. Table 27. Table 26 — Recommended combinations of British/European (BS EN) non-preloaded bolting assemblies Grade of bolt Grade of nut Grade of washer 4. 4. Table 29 and Table 30. 5 for d ≤ M16 8. 4. 23 November 2007 26 © 12-2007 BCA . 16 Type 1 and Type 3 Table 28 — Recommended combinations of Japanese (JIS) non-preloaded bolting assemblies Grade of bolt Class of nut Style 1 Style 2 Grade of washer 3.8 10.8 for d > M16 3.8 for d ≤ M39 6.9 for d ≤ M39 1 for d > M16 5 for d ≤ M39 5 for d ≤ M39 6 for d ≤ M39 8 for d ≤ M39 10 for d ≤ M39 12 for d ≤ M16 8 for d > M16.6.6. 4. 8 for d ≤ M39 9 for d ≤ M16 12 for d ≤ M39 Product Grade A and C Draft for Public Comment.8 for d ≤ M16 5.BCA T-186/2007 Table 25 — Design strengths of Chinese (GB) non-preloaded bolts Grade Shear strength ps (N/mm2) Bearing strength pbb (N/mm2) Tension strength pt (N/mm2) 4.6.9 4 for d > M16. 12.8 for d ≤ M39 9. BCA T-186/2007 Table 29 — Recommended combinations of Australian/New Zealand (AS/NZS) non-preloaded bolting assemblies Grade of bolt Class of nut Grade of washer 3.8 8. 594 for d > 62.1.8 10.8 6.9 375 400 560 700 Table 32 — Design strengths of American (ASTM) preloaded bolts Grade Shear strength ps (N/mm2) Tension strength pt (N/mm2) Grade BC (ASTM A 354) Grade BD (ASTM A 354) 344 for d ≤ 62.5 mm © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment.5 mm. 10 for overtapped nut thread 10.9 5. 723 for d > 62.5 mm.5 mm 775 for d ≤ 62. 23 November 2007 27 . Table 31 — Design strengths of British/European (BS EN) preloaded bolts Grade Shear strength ps (N/mm2) Tension strength pt (N/mm2) 8. 12 for overtapped nut thread 100 HV Class 1 preloaded bolted connections This section covers the design strengths of Class 1 preloaded bolts and the recommended combinations of matching components in preloaded bolting assemblies.5 mm 645 for d ≤ 62.8 4 4 5 6 8 10 AS/NZS 1252 Table 30 — Recommended combinations of Chinese (GB) non-preloaded bolting assemblies Grade of bolt Grade of nut Grade of washer 4. Table 34 and Table 35.8 10. 316 for d > 62. 386 for d > 62. 5 for d ≤ M16 8.3 4 for d > M16. Table 32.8 5. The design strengths corresponding to different bolt grades are given in Table 31. Table 33.6 8.5 mm.5 mm 413 for d ≤ 62.8 10.6 4.5 mm. 9 8 10 300 – 370 HV Table 37 — Recommended combinations of American (ASTM) preloaded bolting assemblies Grade of bolt Grade of nut Grade of washer All Class 8S3-C or 8S3-D Type 1 or Type 3 Table 38 — Recommended combinations of Japanese (JIS) preloaded bolting assemblies Grade of bolt Grade of nut Grade of washer F8T (Class 1 set) F10T (Class 2 set) F11T (Class 3 set) F10 F35 Draft for Public Comment. Table 37.8 10. Table 39 and Table 40.8 10.8 10.9 12. Table 38. 23 November 2007 28 © 12-2007 BCA . Table 36 — Recommended combinations of British/European (BS EN) preloaded bolting assemblies Grade of bolt Grade of nut Grade of washer 8.BCA T-186/2007 Table 33 — Design strengths of Japanese (JIS) preloaded bolts Grade Shear strength ps (N/mm2) Tension strength pt (N/mm2) F8T F10T F11T 387 484 532 571 713 785 Table 34 — Design strengths of Australian/New Zealand (AS) preloaded bolts Grade Shear strength ps (N/mm2) Tension strength pt (N/mm2) 8.9 250 310 400 500 The recommended combinations of matching components in preloaded bolting assemblies are given in Table 36.9 496 620 744 800 1000 1200 Table 35 — Design strengths of Chinese (GB) preloaded bolts Grade Shear strength ps (N/mm2) Tension strength pt (N/mm2) 8. 5.8 10. Table 43. Table 42.9 in Table 31.55Us Us = tensile strength of parent metal Table 42 — Design strengths of fillet weld made of American (AWS) welding consumables Grade Tensile strength Ue (N/mm2) Design strength pw (N/mm2) E49XX 490 400 Table 43 — Design strengths of fillet weld made of Japanese (JIS) welding consumables Grade Tensile strength Ue (N/mm2) Design strength pw (N/mm2) D43xx D50xx D53xx 450 510 600 225 255 300 © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment.1. Table 41 — Design strengths of fillet weld made of British/European (BS EN) welding consumables Grade Tensile strength Ue (N/mm2) Design strength pw (N/mm2) 35 38 42 46 50 440 470 500 530 560 0.4 Class 1 fillet welds 8H 10H 35 – 45 HRC This section covers the design strength fillet welds made of Class 1 welding consumables.8Sa 10.9Sa a Equivalent to grades 8.8 and 10.9 8 10 12 AS/NZS 1252 Table 40 — Recommended combinations of Chinese (GB) preloaded bolting assemblies Grade of bolt Grade of nut Grade of washer 8.BCA T-186/2007 Table 39 — Recommended combinations of Australian/New Zealand (AS/NZS) preloaded bolting assemblies Grade of bolt Grade of nut Grade of washer 8. Table 44 and Table 45. 23 November 2007 29 .50Ue ≤ 0.9 12. The design strengths of fillet welds corresponding to different welding consumable grades are given in Table 41. 1.93Us 0.84Us Draft for Public Comment. Table 48. Table 49 and Table 50. The design strengths corresponding to different steel grades are given in Table 46.5 Class 1 profiled steel sheets 420 490 540 160 200 220 This section covers the design strength of Class 1 profiled steel sheets.BCA T-186/2007 Table 44 — Design strengths of fillet weld made of Australian/New Zealand (AS) welding consumables Grade Tensile strength Ue (N/mm2) Design strength pw (N/mm2) E43xx E49xx E55xx E57xx 430 490 550 570 258 294 330 342 Table 45 — Design strengths of fillet weld made of Chinese (GB) welding consumables Grade Tensile strength Ue (N/mm2) Design strength pw (N/mm2) 43 50 55 5. Table 46 — Design strengths of British/European (BS EN) profiled steel sheets Grade Tensile strength Us (N/mm2) Design strength py (N/mm2) In composite slab As formwork S220GD S250GD S280GD S320GD S350GD S550GD 220 250 280 320 350 550 0. 23 November 2007 30 © 12-2007 BCA . Table 47. 93Us 0. SGC400 SGH440.93Us 0. SGC340 SGH400. SGC490 SGH540 340 400 440 490 540 0.BCA T-186/2007 Table 47 — Design strengths of American (ASTM) profiled steel sheets Grade Tensile strength Us (N/mm2) Design strength py (N/mm2) In composite slab As formwork 210 240 275 280 300 340 410 210 240 275 280 300 340 410 Table 48 — Design strengths of Japanese (JIS) profiled steel sheets 0.84Us © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. SGC440 SGH490.84Us Grade Tensile strength Us (N/mm2) Design strength py (N/mm2) In composite slab As formwork SGH340.93Us 0. 23 November 2007 31 .84Us Table 49 — Design strengths of Australian/New Zealand (AS/NZS) profiled steel sheets Grade Tensile strength Us (N/mm2) Design strength py (N/mm2) In composite slab As formwork 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 0. JIS.2 GB/T 10433 450 450 400 410 400 Draft for Public Comment.29αd 2 ⋅ 0. d overall as-welded height of stud shear connector. The tensile strengths of stud shear connectors manufactured to EN.BCA T-186/2007 Table 50 — Design strengths of Chinese (GB) profiled steel sheets Grade Tensile strength Us (N/mm2) Design strength py (N/mm2) In composite slab As formwork 220 (structural grade) 250 (structural grade) 280 (structural grade) 320 (structural grade) 350 (structural grade) 400 (structural grade) 500 (structural grade) 550 (structural grade) 5.84Us Class 1 stud shear connectors This section covers the characteristic resistance of Class 1 stud shear connectors. Table 51 — Tensile strengths of British/European (BS EN).1 (Type B) JIS B 1198 AS/NZS 1554. ASTM.8 f cu E c for ≤ 0.1.2⎜ + 1 ⎟ ≤ 1 d ⎝ ⎠ Q k = 0. modulus of elasticity of concrete. but not greater than 450 N/mm2.6 220 250 280 320 350 400 500 550 0. tensile strength of stud shear connector. cube compressive strength of concrete. Japanese (JIS). 23 November 2007 32 © 12-2007 BCA . AS/NZS and GB are given in Table 51.93Us 0. Characteristic resistance: where α = h= d= fcu = Ec = fu = ⎛h ⎞ 0. American (AWS). shank diameter of stud shear connector. The characteristic resistance of stud shear connectors shall be computed using the following equation. Australian/New Zealand (AS/NZS) and Chinese (GB) stud shear connectors Material standards Tensile strength fu (N/mm2) BS EN ISO 13918 AWS D 1. 8 f u ⋅ πd 2 4 h ≥3. © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment.1 ≤ Us or 460 N/mm 2 1.2. for thicknessa (mm) less than or equal to 16 40 63 80 100 150 pyo = Ys 1.3 ≥ Ub ≥ 100 HV (or equivalent hardness) Class 2 preloaded bolted connections This section covers the design strengths of Class 2 preloaded bolts and the recommended combinations of matching components in preloaded bolting assemblies.3 0.5(Ub + Yb) 0.1 Class 2 structural steel This section covers the design strength of Class 2 steel plates. Table 53 — Design strengths of Class 2 non-preloaded bolts Tensile strength Yield strength Shear strength ps Bearing strength pbb Tension strength pt Ub ≤ 1000 N/mm2 Yb 0.BCA T-186/2007 5. used the specified thickness of the thickest element of the cross-section. Table 52 — Design strengths of Class 2 structural steels Design strength py. Basic design strength: p yo = Ys 1.85pyo 0.2.2 Class 2 non-preloaded bolted connections This section covers the design strengths of Class 2 non-preloaded bolts and the recommended combinations of matching components in non-preloaded bolting assemblies.80pyo a For rolled sections.1 U ≤ s or 460 N/mm 2 1. 5. which are not in the lists of certified steel materials (see Appendix A) but are in compliance with both the material performance requirements (see Section 2) through material testing and quality assurance requirements (see Section 3).92pyo 0. hollow sections and steel for cold forming.2. 5.3Ub 0.3 The design strengths corresponding to different thickness are given in Table 52.90pyo 0. 23 November 2007 33 .95pyo 0. The basic design strength pyo corresponding to the thickness not greater than 16 mm shall be computed using the following equation. hot-rolled sections. Table 54 — Recommended combinations of Class 2 non-preloaded bolting assemblies Tensile strength of bolt Proof load of nut Hardness of washer Ub ≤ 1000 N/mm2 5. The design strengths corresponding to different bolt grades are given in Table 55.5Ub ≤ Yb The recommended combinations of matching components in non-preloaded bolting assemblies are given in Table 54. The design strengths corresponding to different bolt grades are given in Table 53.2 Design recommendations on Class 2 alternative steel materials This section covers the design guide on Class 2 alternative steel materials. 6 f u ⋅ πd 2 4 for h ≥3.3Ub 0. Characteristic resistance: where α = h= d= fcu = Ec = fu = ⎛h ⎞ 0.25αd 2 ⋅ 0.4 Class 2 fillet welds ≥ Ub ≥ 300 HV (or equivalent hardness) This section covers the design strength fillet welds made of Class 2 welding consumables. tensile strength of stud shear connector.3 Design recommendations on Class 3 alternative steel materials This section covers the design guide on Class 3 alternative steel materials. Design strength: p y = 0.4U e ≤ 0.5Ub ≤ Yb The recommended combinations of matching components in preloaded bolting assemblies are given in Table 56. 23 November 2007 34 © 12-2007 BCA .6 Class 2 stud shear connectors This section covers the characteristic resistance of Class 2 stud shear connectors. Draft for Public Comment.85U s in composite slab. but not greater than 450 N/mm2 5. which are not in compliance with at least one of the material performance requirements (see Section 2) or quality assurance requirements (see Section 3). Table 56 — Recommended combinations of Class 2 preloaded bolting assemblies Tensile strength of bolt Proof load of nut Hardness of washer Ub ≤ 1000 N/mm2 5. shank diameter of stud shear connector.5 Class 2 profiled steel sheets This section covers the design strength of Class 2 profiled steel sheets.2.2⎜ + 1 ⎟ ≤ 1 ⎝d ⎠ Q k = 0.BCA T-186/2007 Table 55 — Design strengths of Class 2 preloaded bolts Tensile strength Yield strength Shear strength ps Tension strength pt Ub ≤ 1000 N/mm2 Yb 0.8 f cu E c ≤ 0.45U s where Ue = tensile strength of all-weld metal. The design strength of fillet weld shall be computed using the following equation. cube compressive strength of concrete. 5. but not greater than 450 N/mm2. p y = 0. but not greater than 550 N/mm2 Us = tensile strength of parent metal 5.75U s as formwork where Us = tensile strength of profiled steel sheets. d overall as-welded height of stud shear connector. The design strength of profiled steel sheets shall be computed using the following equations. The characteristic resistance of stud shear connectors shall be computed using the following equation. Design strength of fillet weld: p w = 0. modulus of elasticity of concrete.2.2. 4 Class 3 fillet welds Structural connections shall not be made of Class 3 steel materials.3.1 Class 3 structural steel This section covers the design strength of Class 3 steel plates. Table 57 — Design strengths of Class 3 structural steels Design strength py (N/mm2).30 α = 12 × 10 −6 per °C ρ = 7 850 kg/m 3 © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. hollow sections and steel for cold forming. 5.2 Class 3 non-preloaded bolted connections Structural connections shall not be made of Class 3 steel materials. 5.5 Class 3 profiled steel sheets This section covers the design strength of Class 3 profiled steel sheets. ν = 0.3. The design strengths corresponding to different thickness are given in Table 57. 23 November 2007 35 . The design strength of profiled steel sheets shall be taken as 150 N/mm2.3 Class 3 preloaded bolted connections Structural connections shall not be made of Class 3 steel materials. 5. the following design values shall be used for steel materials wherever applicable.3. hot-rolled sections. The basic design strength pyO corresponding to the thickness not greater than 16 mm shall be taken as 170 N/mm2.3. for thicknessa (mm) less than or equal to 16 40 63 80 100 150 170 160 155 150 145 135 a For rolled sections.3. 5.6 Class 3 stud shear connectors Structural connections shall not be made of Class 3 steel materials. 5.3. The use of Class 3 structural steel is to be restricted to non-structural purpose. used the specified thickness of the thickest element of the cross-section.4 Other properties ― Modulus of elasticity: ― Shear modulus: ― Poisson’s ratio: ― Coefficient of linear thermal expansion (in the ambient temperature range): ― Density: E = 205 000 N/mm 2 G= 2(1 + ν ) E Unless otherwise stated.BCA T-186/2007 5. 5. ASTM and AWS). American standards (API. Australian/New Zealand standards (AS/NZS and AS) and Chinese standards (GB). Japanese standards (JIS). NOTE Depending on the quality assurance provided by the manufacturer. materials in this appendix can be either Class 1 or Class 3. and shall be updated in accordance with the latest version of the respective standards. 23 November 2007 36 © 12-2007 BCA . Draft for Public Comment.BCA T-186/2007 Appendix A Lists of certified steel materials This appendix only covers certified steel materials manufactured to certain British/European standards (BS EN). 3 Certified British/European hollow sections ƒ S275J2H ƒ S275NH ƒ S275NLH ƒ S355J0H ƒ S355J2H ƒ S355K2H ƒ S355NH ƒ S355NLH ƒ S420NH Either any combination of steel grades manufactured to:BS EN 10210-1:2006 ƒ S235JRH ƒ S275J0H © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment.1 A.1.1.1. 23 November 2007 37 .2 Certified British/European hot rolled sections ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ S460QL1 S500Q S500QL S500QL1 S550Q S550QL S550QL1 S620Q S620QL S620QL1 S690Q S690QL S690QL1 Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:BS EN 10025-2:2004 ƒ S235JR ƒ S235J0 ƒ S235J2 ƒ S275JR ƒ S275J0 ƒ S275J2 ƒ S355JR ƒ S355J0 ƒ S355J2 ƒ S355K2 or BS EN 10025-3:2004 ƒ S275N ƒ S275NL ƒ S355N ƒ S355NL ƒ S420N ƒ S420NL ƒ S460N ƒ S460NL or BS EN 10025-4:2004 ƒ S275M ƒ S275ML ƒ S355M ƒ S355ML ƒ S420M ƒ S420ML ƒ S460M ƒ S460ML or BS EN 10025-5:2004 ƒ S235J0W ƒ S235J2W ƒ S355J0WP ƒ S355J2WP ƒ S355J0W ƒ S355J2W ƒ S355K2W with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:BS EN 10024:1995. BS EN 10034:1993.1 Certified British/European steel materials Certified British/European steel plates ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:BS EN 10025-2:2004 ƒ S235JR ƒ S235J0 ƒ S235J2 ƒ S275JR ƒ S275J0 ƒ S275J2 ƒ S355JR ƒ S355J0 ƒ S355J2 ƒ S355K2 or S355N S355NL S420N S420NL S460N S460NL or ƒ S460ML or BS EN 10025-5:2004 ƒ S235J0W ƒ S235J2W ƒ S355J0WP ƒ S355J2WP ƒ S355J0W ƒ S355J2W ƒ S355K2W BS EN 10025-4:2004 ƒ S275M ƒ S275ML ƒ S355M or ƒ S355ML BS EN 10025-6:2004 BS EN 10025-3:2004 ƒ S420M ƒ S460Q ƒ S275N ƒ S420ML ƒ S460QL ƒ S275NL ƒ S460M with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:BS EN 10029:1991 ƒ Class A ƒ Class B ƒ Class C ƒ Class D or BS EN 10051:1992 ƒ Category A ƒ Category B A. BS EN 10055:1996.BCA T-186/2007 A. BS EN 10056-1:1999 or BS EN 10279:2000 A. 6 Certified British/European preloaded bolting assemblies Bolts manufactured to:ƒ BS EN 14399-3:2005 ƒ BS EN 14399-4:2005 Nuts manufactured to:ƒ BS EN 14399-3:2005 ƒ BS EN 14399-4:2005 Washers manufactured to:ƒ BS EN 14399-5:2005 ƒ BS EN 14399-6:2005 A.1.1. 23 November 2007 38 © 12-2007 BCA .4 Certified British/European steel for cold forming ƒ S235J2 ƒ S275JR ƒ S275J0 ƒ S275J2 ƒ S355J0 ƒ S355J2 ƒ S355K2 ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ S275NH S275NLH S355J0H S355J2H S355K2H S355MH ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ S355MLH S355NH S355NLH S420MH S420MLH S460MH ƒ S460MLH ƒ S460NH ƒ S460NLH with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:- Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:BS EN 10025-2:2004 ƒ S235JR ƒ S235J0 BS EN 10051:1992 A.7 Certified British/European welding consumables Welding consumables. and manufactured to:ƒ BS EN 440:1995 Draft for Public Comment.1.7.1.BCA T-186/2007 ƒ S420NLH ƒ S460NH ƒ S460NLH with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:BS EN 10210-2:2006 Or any combination of steel grades manufactured to:BS EN 10219-1:2006 ƒ S235JRH ƒ S275J0H ƒ S275J2H ƒ S275MH ƒ S275MLH BS EN 10219-2:2006 A.5 Certified British/European non-preloaded bolting assemblies with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:- Bolts manufactured to:ƒ BS EN ISO 4014:2001 ƒ BS EN ISO 4016:2001 ƒ BS EN ISO 4017:2001 ƒ BS EN ISO 4018:2001 Nuts manufactured to:ƒ BS EN ISO 4032:2001 ƒ BS EN ISO 4033:2001 ƒ BS EN ISO 4034:2001 Washers manufactured to:ƒ BS EN ISO 7091:2000 A. which result in all-weld metals meeting material performance requirements in 2. 1.9 Certified British/European stud shear connectors Stud shear connectors manufactured to:BS EN ISO 13918:1998 © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. 23 November 2007 39 .1.BCA T-186/2007 ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ BS EN 756:2004 BS EN 758:1997 BS EN 1668:1997 BS EN ISO 2560:2005 Certified British/European profiled steel sheets A.8 Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:BS EN 10326:2004 ƒ S220GD ƒ S250GD ƒ S280GD ƒ S320GD ƒ S350GD ƒ S550GD with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:BS EN 10143:2006 A. 6 % and sulphur content should not exceed 0. with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:ASTM A 6–2005** NOTE **At least one dimension should be higher than 75 mm.045 %.3 Certified American hollow sections Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:API 5L–2004 ƒ Grade B-PSL 2 ƒ Grade X42-PSL 2 ƒ Grade X46-PSL 2 ƒ Grade X52-PSL 2 ƒ Grade X56-PSL 2 ƒ Grade X60-PSL 2 ƒ Grade X65-PSL 2 with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:API 5L–2004 A. based on ladle analysis.1 Certified American steel materials Certified American steel plates ƒ Grade 380 ƒ Grade 415 ƒ Grade 450 or ƒ Grade K Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:ASTM A 36–2004* or ASTM A 242–2004* or ASTM A 572–2004* ƒ Grade 290 ƒ Grade 345 NOTE or ASTM A 709–2005 ƒ Grade 250F* ƒ Grade 345F* ƒ Grade 485F ƒ Grade 690F or ASTM A 852–2001 or ASTM A 945–2006 ƒ Grade 345 ƒ Grade 450 ASTM A 588–2004* ƒ Grade A ƒ Grade B ƒ Grade C *Copper content should not exceed 0.2.2.2.2. 23 November 2007 40 © 12-2007 BCA . with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:ASTM A 6–2005** NOTE **Thickness of plate is less than 101 mm. A.BCA T-186/2007 A.2 A. A.6 %. based on ladle analysis.4 Certified American steel for cold forming Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:- Draft for Public Comment.2 Certified American hot-rolled sections ƒ Grade 415 ƒ Grade 450 ƒ Grade C ƒ Grade K Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:ASTM A 36–2004* or ASTM A 572–2004* ƒ Grade 290 ƒ Grade 345 ƒ Grade 380 NOTE or ASTM A 992–2006 or ASTM A 588–2004* ƒ Grade A ƒ Grade B or ASTM A 709–2005* ƒ Grade 250F ƒ Grade 345F *Copper content should not exceed 0. C.6 Certified American preloaded bolting assemblies Bolts manufactured to:ƒ ASTM A 354–2004 (Grade BC and Grade BD) Nuts manufactured to:ƒ ASTM F 1852–2004a ƒ ASTM A 563–2004 (Class 8S3-C and Class 8S3-D) Washers manufactured to:ƒ ASTM F 959–2002 ƒ ASTM F 436–2003 (Type 1 and Type 3) A. Class 10.BCA T-186/2007 ASTM A 1011–2004 ƒ Grade SS 205 ƒ Grade SS 230 ƒ Grade SS 250 ƒ Grade HSLAS 310 Cl1. 8A. 8LNA. 8MLCuN. Table 3: Thickness Tolerances for Hot-Dip Metallic-Coated Sheet—1-in.2. 8NA.2. 8LN. 8C. Class 8S. 8R. D.8 Certified American profiled steel sheets ASTM A 653–2005a* ƒ Grade HSLAS 275 ƒ Grade HSLAS 340 © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. Grade 7.2. Grade 8. 8M. 9CA and Grade 16) Washers manufactured to:ƒ ASTM F 436–2003 (Type 1 and Type 3) A. 8TA. 8MLCuNA.2. 8PA. Class 10S. Grade 6. 23 November 2007 41 . Grade 9C.1–2004 ƒ E4915 ƒ E4916 ƒ E4918 ƒ E4927 ƒ E4928 ƒ E4948 A. 8MLN. 8CA. 8T. [25–mm] Minimum Edge Distance A. Class 8S3-A. 8MA. Cl2 ƒ Grade HSLAS 340 Cl2 ƒ Grade HSLAS-F 310 ƒ Grade HSLAS-F 340 ƒ Grade HSLAS-F 340 ƒ Grade HSLAS-F 410 ƒ Grade SHS 210 ƒ Grade SHS 240 ƒ Grade BHS 210 ƒ Grade BHS 240 or or ASTM A 1008–2006 ƒ Grade SS 205 ƒ Grade SS 230 ƒ Grade HSLAS 310 ƒ Grade HSLAS 340 Cl2 ASTM A 792–2005 ƒ Grade SS 230 or ASTM A 875–2002a ƒ Grade SS 230 ƒ Grade SS 255 ƒ Grade SS 275 ƒ Grade HSLAS 340 ƒ Grade HSLAS 410 with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:ASTM A 924–2004* or ASTM A 568–2006 NOTE *ASTM A 924–2004.7 Certified American welding consumables Welding consumables. Class 10S3 and Class 12) ƒ ASTM A 194–2005b (Grade 4. 8S. 8N.5 Certified American non-preloaded bolting assemblies Bolts manufactured to:ƒ ASTM A 307–2004 (Grade B) Nuts manufactured to:ƒ ASTM A 563–2004 (Class 5. Class 9. E. which result in all-weld metals meeting material performance requirements in 2. 8RA. 8MNA. 7M.7. 8MLNA. 8SA. 8MN. 8P. and manufactured to:AWS A 5. F. [25–mm] Minimum Edge Distance A.BCA T-186/2007 ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ Grade HSLAS 410 Grade HSLAS-F 275 Grade HSLAS-F 340 Grade HSLAS-F 410 Grade SHS 210 Grade SHS 240 Grade SHS 280 Grade SHS 300 Grade BHS 210 Grade BHS 240 Grade BHS 280 Grade BHS 300 *Phosphorous content should not exceed 0.2.05 %.9 Certified American shear stud connectors Stud shear connectors manufactured to:AWS D 1. NOTE with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:ASTM A 924–2004** NOTE **ASTM A 924–2004. 23 November 2007 42 © 12-2007 BCA . Table 3: Thickness Tolerances for Hot-Dip Metallic-Coated Sheet—1-in.1–2007 ƒ Type B Draft for Public Comment. 1 Certified Japanese steel materials Certified Japanese steel plates ƒ SM520B* ƒ SM520C* ƒ SM570* or ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ Steel grades manufactured to:JIS G 3106:2004 ƒ SM490A** ƒ SM490B** ƒ SM490C* ƒ SM490YA* ƒ SM490YB* NOTE NOTE NOTE NOTE *Thickness of plate should not be greater than 100 mm. A.3 A. 23 November 2007 43 .BCA T-186/2007 A.3. ****Thickness of plate should be in the range of 16 mm to 100 mm. ***Thickness of section should be in the range of 6 mm to 100 mm. **Thickness of section should not be greater than 200 mm. JIS G 3114:2004 ƒ SMA490BW** SMA490BP** SMA490CW* SMA490CP* SMA570W* or JIS G 3136:2000 ƒ SN400B*** ƒ SN400C**** ƒ SN490B*** ƒ SN490C**** A.3. **Thickness of plate should not be greater than 200 mm.2 Certified Japanese hot-rolled sections ƒ SM520B* ƒ SM520C* ƒ SM570* or ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ Steel grades manufactured to:JIS G 3106:2004 ƒ SM490A** ƒ SM490B** ƒ SM490C* ƒ SM490YA* ƒ SM490YB* NOTE NOTE NOTE NOTE *Thickness of section should not be greater than 100 mm. ***Thickness of plate should be in the range of 6 mm to 100 mm.3. ****Thickness of section should be in the range of 16 mm to 100 mm.3.4 Certified Japanese steel for cold forming ƒ SM520B ƒ SM520C ƒ SM570 Steel grades manufactured to:JIS G 3106:2004 ƒ SM490A ƒ SM490B ƒ SM490C ƒ SM490YA ƒ SM490YB JIS G 3114:2004 ƒ SMA490BW ƒ SMA490BP ƒ SMA490CW ƒ SMA490CP ƒ SMA570W or JIS G 3136:2000 ƒ SN400B ƒ SN490B or © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. JIS G 3114:2004 ƒ SMA490BW** SMA490BP** SMA490CW* SMA490CP* SMA570W* or JIS G 3136:2000 ƒ SN400B*** ƒ SN400C**** ƒ SN490B*** ƒ SN490C**** A.3 Certified Japanese hollow sections Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:JIS G 3475: 1996* ƒ STKN490B with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:JIS G 3475: 1996* NOTE *Only hot-finished non-seamless hollow sections with outside diameter not greater than 100 mm are certified. 7 Certified Japanese welding consumables Welding consumables.9 Certified Japanese stud shear connectors Stud shear connectors manufactured to:JIS B 1198: 1995 Draft for Public Comment. which result in all-weld metals meeting material performance requirements in 2.3. 23 November 2007 44 © 12-2007 BCA . and manufactured to:ƒ JIS Z 3211: 2000 ƒ JIS Z 3212: 2000 ƒ JIS Z 3313: 1999 A.7.BCA T-186/2007 A.8 Certified Japanese profiled steel sheets Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:JIS G 3302: 2005 ƒ SGH340 ƒ SGH400 ƒ SGH440 ƒ SGH490 ƒ SGH540 ƒ SGC340 ƒ SGC400 ƒ SGC440 ƒ SGC490 with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:JIS G 3302: 2005 A.6 Certified Japanese preloaded bolting assemblies Bolts manufactured to:ƒ JIS B 1186: 1995 Nuts manufactured to:ƒ JIS B 1186: 1995 Washers manufactured to:ƒ JIS B 1186: 1995 A.3.5 Certified Japanese non-preloaded bolting assemblies Bolts manufactured to:ƒ JIS B 1051: 2000 ƒ JIS B 1180: 2004 Nuts manufactured to:ƒ JIS B 1052: 1998 ƒ JIS B 1181: 2004 Washers manufactured to:ƒ JIS B 1256: 1998 A.3.3.3. 2 Certified Australian/New Zealand hot-rolled sections Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:AS/NZS 3679.4.4.7 m. T. T. L15) ƒ Grade 400 (L0.BCA T-186/2007 A. © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. N.1-1996 ƒ Grade 250 (L0. Or any combination of steel grades manufactured to:AS 1548-1995 ƒ Grade 5-490 N or A ƒ Grade 7-430 R. 23 November 2007 45 . width of plate should be less than 2.3 Certified Australian/New Zealand hollow sections Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:AS 1163-2007 ƒ C250 (L0. L15) ƒ C300 (L0. A.1 Certified Australian/New Zealand steel materials Certified Australian/New Zealand steel plates Either any combination of steel grades manufactured to:AS/NZS 3678-1996 ƒ Grade 250 L15 ƒ Grade 300 L15 ƒ Grade 350 L15 ƒ Grade 400 L15 ƒ Grade 450 L15 with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:AS/NZS 1365-1996* NOTE *Plates are rolled on continuous mills.1-1996* NOTE *Basis for acceptance is stringent mass tolerance requirement. L15) with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:AS/NZS 3679. T.7 m. L15) ƒ C400 (L0. If plates are rolled on reversing mills. L15) ƒ C275 (L0. L15) ƒ C450 (L0. L15) with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:AS 1163-2007* NOTE * Basis for acceptance is stringent mass tolerance requirement.4 A. or A ƒ Grade 7-460 R. If plates are rolled on reversing mills. A. N. or A with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:AS/NZS 1548-1995* NOTE *Plates are rolled on continuous mills. N. L15) ƒ Grade 350 (L0.4. or A ƒ Grade 7-490 R. width of plate should be less than 2. L15) ƒ C350 (L0. 4. **Z is non-certified.BCA T-186/2007 A.7 Certified Australian/New Zealand welding consumables Welding consumables. Nuts manufactured to:ƒ AS/NZS 1252-1996 ƒ AS/NZS 4291. 62 and 69 are certified.1-2004 ƒ AS/NZS 4855-2007 ƒ AS/NZS 4857-2006* ƒ AS 1858.9 is non-certified.4. 23 November 2007 46 © 12-2007 BCA .4.5 Certified Australian/New Zealand non-preloaded bolting assemblies Bolts manufactured to:ƒ AS/NZS 1252-1996 ƒ AS 4291. and manufactured to:ƒ AS/NZS 1554.2:1995 Washers manufactured to:ƒ AS/NZS 1252-1996 A.1-2000* ƒ AS/NZS 1559-1997 NOTE *Grade 12.4.1-1996 NOTE NOTE NOTE *Only grades 55. Draft for Public Comment. which result in all-weld metals meeting material performance requirements in 2.1-2000 Nuts manufactured to:ƒ AS/NZS 1252-1996 ƒ AS/NZS 4291. grade W5ZXH is non-certified. ***Only grades W5xxx to W6xxx are certified.2-1995 Washers manufactured to:ƒ AS/NZS 1252-1996 A. A.4 Certified Australian/New Zealand steel for cold forming Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:AS/NZS 1595-1998 ƒ CA 220 ƒ CA 260 ƒ CA 350 with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:AS/NZS 1365-1996* Or any combination of steel grades manufactured to:AS/NZS 1397-2001 ƒ G 250 with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:AS/NZS 1365-1996* NOTE *Basis for acceptance is stringent thickness tolerance requirement.7.1-2003** ƒ AS/NZS 2717.6 Certified Australian/New Zealand preloaded bolting assemblies Bolts manufactured to:ƒ AS/NZS 1252-1996 ƒ AS 4291. 23 November 2007 47 .2-2003* NOTE *Stud diameter should be at least 15. © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment.8 Certified Australian/New Zealand profiled steel sheets Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:AS 1397-2001 ƒ Grade 250 ƒ Grade 300 ƒ Grade 350 ƒ Grade 400 ƒ Grade 450 ƒ Grade 500 ƒ Grade 550 with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:AS/NZS 1365-1996* NOTE *Tolerances for cold-rolled sheet/strip. A.BCA T-186/2007 A.9 mm.9 Certified Australian/New Zealand shear stud connectors Stud shear connectors manufactured to:AS/NZS 1554.4.4. 2 Certified Chinese hot rolled sections ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:GB/T 700-2006 ƒ Q235BZ ƒ Q235CZ ƒ Q235DTZ ƒ Q275BZ ƒ Q275CZ ƒ Q275DTZ or GB/T 1591-1994 ƒ Q295B ƒ Q345B ƒ Q345C NOTE Q345D Q345E Q390B Q390C Q390D Q390E Q420B Q420C* Q420D* Q420E* Q460C* Q460D* ƒ Q460E* or GB/T 4171-2000 ƒ Q295GNH ƒ Q295GNHL ƒ Q345GNH ƒ Q345GNHL ƒ Q390GNH or GB/T 4172-2000 ƒ Q235NHC ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ Q235NHD Q235NHE Q295NHC Q295NHD Q295NHE Q355NHC Q355NHD Q355NHE Q460NHD Q460NHE *Quenched and tempered steels are non-certified.BCA T-186/2007 A. GB/T 9946-1988 or GB/T 11263-2005 Draft for Public Comment.5. with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:GB/T 706-1988.A ƒ PT. which make reference to GB/T 700-2006. Q390C Q390D Q390E Q420B Q420C Q420D Q420E Q460C Q460D Q460E or ƒ Q345GNHL ƒ Q390GNH or or YB 4104-2000 ƒ Q235GJC ƒ Q235GJD ƒ Q235GJE ƒ Q235GJZxxC** ƒ Q235GJZxxD** ƒ Q235GJZxxE** ƒ Q345GJC ƒ Q345GJD ƒ Q345GJE ƒ Q345GJZxxC** ƒ Q345GJZxxD** ƒ Q345GJZxxE** GB/T 4171-2000 ƒ Q295GNH ƒ Q295GNHL ƒ Q345GNH GB/T 4172-2000 ƒ Q235NHC ƒ Q235NHD ƒ Q235NHE ƒ Q295NHC ƒ Q295NHD ƒ Q295NHE ƒ Q355NHC ƒ Q355NHD ƒ Q355NHE ƒ Q460NHD ƒ Q460NHE with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:- A. 23 November 2007 48 © 12-2007 BCA . shall be considered certified. in accordance with GB/T 5313-1985. GB/T 9787-1988.5 A.B NOTE NOTE *Steel plates manufactured to GB/T 912-1989 and GB/T 3274-1988.5. **Zxx shall be Z15. GB/T 707-1988. Z25 and Z35.1 Certified Chinese steel materials Certified Chinese steel plates ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:GB/T 700-2006* ƒ Q235BZ ƒ Q235CZ ƒ Q235DTZ ƒ Q275BZ ƒ Q275CZ ƒ Q275DTZ or GB/T 1591-1994* ƒ Q295B ƒ Q345B ƒ Q345C ƒ Q345D ƒ Q345E ƒ Q390B GB/T 709-2006* ƒ Class A ƒ Class B ƒ Class C ƒ Class N ƒ PT. GB/T 15911994 and GB/T 709-2006. 4 Certified Chinese steel for cold forming ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:GB/T 700-2006 ƒ Q235CZ ƒ Q235DTZ ƒ Q275CZ ƒ Q275DTZ or NOTE GB/T 1591-1994 ƒ Q295A ƒ Q295B ƒ Q345A ƒ Q345B ƒ Q345C Q345D Q345E Q390A Q390B Q390C Q390D Q390E ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ Q420A Q420B Q420C* Q420D* Q420E* *Quenched and tempered steels are non-certified.5.5. 23 November 2007 49 .3 Certified Chinese hollow sections ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ Either any combination of steel grades manufactured to:GB/T 700-2006 ƒ Q235CZ ƒ Q235DTZ ƒ Q275CZ ƒ Q275DTZ or NOTE GB/T 1591-1994 ƒ Q345C ƒ Q345D ƒ Q345E ƒ Q390C ƒ Q390D ƒ Q390E Q420C* Q420D* Q420E* Q460C* Q460D* Q460E* or GB/T 4171-2000 ƒ Q295GNH ƒ Q295GNHL ƒ Q345GNH ƒ Q345GNHL ƒ Q390GNH *Quenched and tempered steels are non-certified.5.BCA T-186/2007 A. with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:GB/T 709-2006 A. with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:GB/T 6728-2002 Or any combination of steel grades manufactured to:GB/T 8162-1999 ƒ Q345 with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:GB/T 8162-1999 and GB/T 17395-1998 A.5 Certified Chinese non-preloaded bolting assemblies Bolts manufactured to:ƒ GB/T 5780-2000 ƒ GB/T 5781-2000 ƒ GB/T 5782-2000 ƒ GB/T 5783-2000 Nuts manufactured to:ƒ GB/T 41-2000 ƒ GB/T 6170-2000 ƒ GB/T 6175-2000 Washers manufactured to:ƒ GB/T 95-2002 A.5.6 Certified Chinese preloaded bolting assemblies Bolts manufactured to:ƒ GB/T 1228-2006 ƒ GB/T 3632-1995 © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. 5.8 Certified Chinese profiled steel sheets Any combination of steel grades manufactured to:GB/T 2518-2004 ƒ 220 (structural grade) ƒ 250 (structural grade) ƒ 280 (structural grade) ƒ 320 (structural grade) ƒ 350 (structural grade) ƒ 400 (structural grade) ƒ 500 (structural grade) ƒ 550 (structural grade) with dimensional and/or mass tolerances in accordance with:GB/T 2518-2004 A.5. and manufactured to:ƒ GB/T 5117-1995 ƒ GB/T 5118-1995 ƒ GB/T 5293-1999 ƒ GB/T 8110-1995 ƒ GB/T 10045-2001 ƒ GB/T 12470-2003 ƒ GB/T 17493-1998 A. which result in all-weld metals meeting material performance requirements in 2.Nuts manufactured to:ƒ GB/T 1229-2006 ƒ GB/T 3632-1995 Washers manufactured to:ƒ GB/T 1230-2006 ƒ GB/T 3632-1995 A.9 Certified Chinese stud shear connectors Stud shear connectors manufactured to:GB/T 10433-2002 Draft for Public Comment.7.7 Certified Chinese welding consumables Welding consumables.5. 23 November 2007 50 © 12-2007 BCA . BCA T-186/2007 Appendix B Testing of steel materials Testing of steel materials shall be in accordance with the standards given in Table B.1. Table B.1 — Material testing required for steel materials Tests Materials Parameters testeda Standards for reference Tensile test Steel plates Hot-rolled sections Hollow sections Steel for cold forming Bolts Profiled steel sheets Stud shear connectors Yield strength Tensile strength Elongation after fracture BS EN 10002-1:2001 Charpy impact test Steel plates Hot-rolled sections Hollow sections Steel for cold forming Impact energy BS EN 10045-1:1990 Hardness test Bolts Nuts Washers Brinell hardness Vickers hardness Rockwell hardness Proof load stress Yield strength Tensile strength Elongation after fracture Impact energy BS EN ISO 6506-1:2005 BS EN ISO 6507-1:2005 BS EN ISO 6508-1:2005 BS EN 20898-2:1994 BS EN 1597-1:1997 Proof load test All-weld metal tests Nuts Welding consumables Chemical analysis Steel plates Hot-rolled sections Hollow sections Steel for cold forming Bolts Profiled steel sheets Carbon contentb Carbon equivalent valueb Sulphur contentb Phosphorous contentb Othersc BS EN ISO 14284:2002 a To ensure the adequacy of non-certified steel materials, parameters tested shall be in compliance with the relevant material performance requirements given in Section 2. b Compared to the limits specified for ladle analysis in Section 2, limits for product analysis shall be:0.03 % higher for carbon content; 0.04 % higher for carbon equivalent value; 0.01 % higher for each sulphur and phosphorous content. c The content of the following elements shall also be determined and recorded:- silicon, manganese, copper, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, aluminium, niobium, titanium, vanadium, nitrogen and any other element intentionally added. © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment, 23 November 2007 51 Appendix C Standards for reference This appendix covers British/European, American, Japanese, Australian/New Zealand and Chinese standards used as reference materials for this design guide. The standards listed in this appendix are only current and confirmed at the time of drafting of this design guide and shall be updated in accordance with the latest version of the respective standards. Draft for Public Comment, 23 November 2007 52 © 12-2007 BCA BCA T-186/2007 C.1 British/European standards for reference The following British/European standards are published by the British Standards Institution, London, United Kingdom. C.1.1 British/European standards on design of steel structures BS 5950-1:2000 BS 5950-2:2001 BS 5950-3.1:1990 Structural use of steelwork in building — Part 1: Code of practice for design — Rolled and welded sections Structural use of steelwork in building — Part 2: Specification for materials, fabrication and erection — Rolled and welded sections Structural use of steelwork in building — Part 3: Design in composite construction — Section 3.1 Code of practice for design of simple and continuous composite beams Structural use of steelwork in building — Part 4: Code of practice for design of composite slabs with profiled steel sheeting Structural use of steelwork in building — Part 5: Code of practice for design of cold formed thin gauge sections Structural use of steelwork in building — Part 6. Code of practice for design of light gauge profiled steel sheeting Structural use of steelwork in building — Part 7: Specification for materials and workmanship: cold formed sections Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures — Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures — Part 1-3: General rules — Supplementary rules for cold-formed members and sheeting Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures — Part 1-8: Design of joints Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures — Part 1-12: Additional rules for the extension of EN 1993 up to steel grades S 700 BS 5950-4:1994 BS 5950-5:1998 BS 5950-6:1995 BS 5950-7:1992 BS EN 1993-1-1:2005 BS EN 1993-1-3:2006 BS EN 1993-1-8:2005 BS EN 1993-1-12:2007 C.1.2 British/European standards on steel materials BS 7668:2004 BS EN 10020:2000 BS EN 10021:1993 BS EN 10025-1:2004 BS EN 10025-2:2004 BS EN 10025-3:2004 BS EN 10025-4:2004 BS EN 10025-5:2004 BS EN 10025-6:2004 Weldable structural steels — Hot finished structural hollow sections in weather resistant steels — Specification Definition and classification of grades of steel General technical delivery requirements for steel and iron products Hot rolled products of structural steels — Part 1: General technical delivery conditions Hot rolled products of structural steels — Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy structural steels Hot rolled products of structural steels — Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for normalized/normalized rolled weldable fine grain structural steels Hot rolled products of structural steels — Part 4: Technical delivery conditions for thermomechanical rolled weldable fine grain structural steels Hot rolled products of structural steels — Part 5: Technical delivery conditions for structural steels with improved atmospheric corrosion resistance Hot rolled products of structural steels — Part 6: Technical delivery conditions for flat products of high yield strength structural steels in the quenched and tempered condition © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment, 23 November 2007 53 4 Hot rolled taper flange I sections — Tolerances on shape and dimensions Specification for tolerances on dimensions. shape and mass for hot rolled steel plates 3 mm thick or above Structural steel I and H sections — Tolerances on shape and dimensions Continuously hot-rolled uncoated plate.BS EN 10027-1:2005 BS EN 10079:2007 BS EN 10164:2004 BS EN 10210-1:2006 BS EN 10219-1:2006 C. style 2 — Product grades A and B Hexagon nuts — Product grade C Plain washers — Normal series — Product Grade C Mechanical properties of fasteners — Part 2: Nuts with specified proof load values — Coarse thread Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel — Part 1: Bolts.1. dimensions and sectional properties Hot rolled steel channels — Tolerances on shape.3 Designation systems for steels — Part 1: Steel names Definition of steel products Steel products with improved deformation properties perpendicular to the surface of the product — Technical delivery conditions Hot finished structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels — Part 1: Technical delivery conditions Cold formed welded structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels — Part 1: Technical delivery conditions British/European standards on manufacturing tolerances BS EN 10024:1995 BS EN 10029:1991 BS EN 10034:1993 BS EN 10051:1992 BS EN 10055:1996 BS EN 10056-2:1993 BS EN 10210-2:2006 BS EN 10219-2:2006 BS EN 10279:2000 C. style 1 — Product grades A and B Hexagon nuts. sheet and strip of non-alloy and alloy steels — Tolerances on dimensions and shape Hot rolled steel equal flange tees with radiused root and toes — Dimensions and tolerances on shape and dimensions Specification for structural steel equal and unequal leg angles — Part 2: Tolerances on shape and dimensions Hot finished structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels — Part 2: Tolerances.1. dimensions and sectional properties Cold formed welded structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels — Part 2: Tolerances. screws and nuts — Specification Specification for metal washers for general engineering purposes metric series Hexagon head bolts — Product grades A and B Hexagon head bolts — Product grade C Hexagon head screws — Product grades A and B Hexagon head screws — Product grade C Hexagon nuts. dimension and mass British/European standards on bolting assemblies General information BS EN 20898-2:1994 BS EN ISO 898-1:1999 Non-preloaded assemblies BS 4190:2001 BS 4320:1968 BS EN ISO 4014:2001 BS EN ISO 4016:2001 BS EN ISO 4017:2001 BS EN ISO 4018:2001 BS EN ISO 4032:2001 BS EN ISO 4033:2001 BS EN ISO 4034:2001 BS EN ISO 7091:2000 Preloaded assemblies Draft for Public Comment. 23 November 2007 54 © 12-2007 BCA ISO metric black hexagon bolts. screws and studs . 6 British/European standards on profiled steel sheets BS EN 10326:2004 BS EN 10143:2006 C.1. 23 November 2007 55 .BCA T-186/2007 BS 4395-1:1969 BS 4395-2:1969 Specification for high strength friction grip bolts and associated nuts and washers for structural engineering metric series — Part 1: General grade Specification for high strength friction grip bolts and associated nuts and washers for structural engineering metric series — Part 2: Higher grade bolts and nuts and general grade washers Specification for the use of high strength friction grip bolts in structural steelwork metric series — Part 1: General grade Specification for the use of high strength friction grip bolts in structural steelwork metric series — Part 2: Higher grade (parallel shank) Direct tension indicators — Part 1: Specification for compressible washers Direct tension indicators — Part 2: Specification for nut face and bolt face washers High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 1: General requirements High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 2: Suitability test for preloading High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 3: System HR — Hexagon bolt and nut assemblies High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 4: System HV — Hexagon bolt and nut assemblies High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 5: Plain washers High-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading — Part 6: Plain chamfered washers BS 4604-1:1970 BS 4604-2:1970 BS 7644-1:1993 BS 7644-2:1993 BS EN 14399-1:2005 BS EN 14399-2:2005 BS EN 14399-3:2005 BS EN 14399-4:2005 BS EN 14399-5:2005 BS EN 14399-6:2005 C.1. wires and deposits for tungsten inert gas welding of non alloy and fine grain steels — Classification Welding consumables — Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of non-alloy and fine grain steels — Classification BS EN 758:1997 BS EN 1668:1997 BS EN ISO 2560:2005 C.1.5 British/European standards on welding consumables BS EN 440:1995 BS EN 756:2004 Welding consumables — Wire electrodes and deposits for gas shielded metal arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels — Classification Welding consumables — Solid wires.7 Continuously hot-dip coated strip and sheet of structural steels — Technical delivery conditions Continuously hot-dip coated steel sheet and strip — Tolerances on dimensions and shape British/European standards on stud shear connectors BS EN ISO 13918:1998 Welding — Studs and ceramic ferrules for arc stud welding © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. solid wire-flux and tubular cored electrode-flux combinations for submerged arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels — Classification Welding consumables — Tubular cored electrodes for metal arc welding with and without a gas shield of non-alloy and fine grain steels — Classification Welding consumables — Rods. G. Test piece for all-weld metal test specimens in steel. K. B. D.9 Welding consumables — Test methods — Part 1. T) Steel and iron — Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical composition British/European standards on inspection documents BS EN 10168:2004 BS EN 10204:2004 Steel products — Inspection documents — List of information and description Metallic products — Types of inspection documents Draft for Public Comment. C. H.C.1. nickel and nickel alloys Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature Charpy impact test on metallic materials — Part 1: Test method (V-and Unotches) Mechanical properties of fasteners — Part 2: Nuts with specified proof load values — Coarse thread Steel — Conversion of elongation values — Part 1: Carbon and low alloy steels Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method Metallic materials — Vickers hardness test — Part 1: Test method Metallic materials — Rockwell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (scales A.1. F. E. N.8 British/European standards on material testing BS EN 1597-1:1997 BS EN 10002-1:2001 BS EN 10045-1:1990 BS EN 20898-2:1994 BS EN ISO 2566-1:1999 BS EN ISO 6506-1:2005 BS EN ISO 6507-1:2005 BS EN ISO 6508-1:2005 BS EN ISO 14284:2002 C. 23 November 2007 56 © 12-2007 BCA . West Conshohocken. Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate. Miami.. 23 November 2007 57 .BCA T-186/2007 C. Strip. Suitable for Welding Standard Specification Structural Quality for High-Strength Carbon-Manganese Steel of Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Structural Steel Standard Specification for Structural Carbon Steel Plates of Improved Toughness Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel with 50 ksi [345 MPa] Minimum Yield Point to 4–in. the American Society for Testing and Materials. Florida.2 American standards for reference The following American standards are published by the American Institute of Steel Construction. Black and Hot-Dipped.2.25 Maximum Percent). Tapered for Structural Use © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment.C. Low-Carbon or High-Strength LowAlloy. Welded and Seamless Standard Specification for Steel. D. Carbon (0. the American Petroleum Institute.2 Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges Specification for Structural Steel Buildings American standards on steel materials API 5L–2004 ASTM A 36–2004 ASTM A 53–2006 ASTM A 109–2000ε1 ASTM A 242–2004 ASTM A 268–2005a ASTM A 283–2000 ASTM A 308–2002 ASTM A 333–2004a ASTM A 423–1995(00) ASTM A 450–2004 ASTM A 500–2003 ASTM A 501–2001 ASTM A 514–2000a ASTM A 529–2004 ASTM A 572–2004 ASTM A 573–2000a ASTM A 588–2004 ASTM A 595–2004a Specification for line pipe Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel Standard Specification for Pipe.1 American standards on design of steel structures AISC 305-2005 ANSI/AISC 360-2005 C. Illinois. the American Welding Society. Chicago. United States of America. Zinc-Coated. Pennsylvania. [100–mm] Thick Standard Specification for Steel Tubes. Steel. Ferritic Alloy. Washington. C.2. Terne (Lead-Tin Alloy) Coated by the Hot-Dip Process Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for LowTemperature Service Standard Specification for Seamless and Electric-Welded Low-Alloy Steel Tubes Standard Specification for General Requirements for Carbon. and Austenitic Alloy Steel Tubes Standard Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and Shapes Standard Specification for Hot-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural Tubing Standard Specification for High-Yield-Strength. ColdRolled Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General Service Standard Specification for Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel Plates Standard Specification for Steel Sheet. High-Strength Low-Alloy. and Sheet Piling Standard Specification for Steel. 23 November 2007 58 © 12-2007 BCA . High-Strength Low-Alloy and High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability ASTM A 992–2006 ASTM A 1003–2002a ASTM A 1008–2006 ASTM A 1011–2004 C. Produced by Quenching and Self-Tempering Process (QST) Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plate with Low Carbon and Restricted Sulfur for Improved Weldability. Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed) by the Hot-Dip Process Standard Specification for Sampling Procedure for Impact Testing of Structural Steel Standard Specification for Structural Steel for Bridges Standard Specification for Steel Sheet. Metallic. with Improved Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance Standard Specification for Hot-Formed Welded and Seamless High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Tubing Standard Specification for Steel Sheet.ASTM A 606–2001 ASTM A 618–2001 ASTM A 653–2005a ASTM A 673–2004 ASTM A 709–2005 ASTM A 792–2005 ASTM A 847–1999a(03) ASTM A 852–2001 ASTM A 871–2001 ASTM A 875–2002a ASTM A 913–2003 ASTM A 945–2004 Standard Specification for Steel. Low.3 American standards on manufacturing tolerances ASTM A 6–2005 ASTM A 568–2006 ASTM A 924–2004 ASTM A 999–2004 C. Low.4 Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars. HighStrength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability. Structural. Sheet. Hot-Rolled and Cold-Rolled. Zinc-5 % Aluminum Alloy-Coated by the Hot-Dip Process Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel Shapes of Structural Quality. Structural. Carbon. Shapes. Sheet.2.Alloy. Carbon.2. 55 % Aluminum-Zinc Alloy-Coated by the Hot-Dip Process Standard Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and Seamless High-Strength. Carbon. Plates. High-Strength. MetallicCoated by the Hot-Dip Process Standard Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe American standards on bolting assemblies Non-preloaded assemblies Draft for Public Comment. Sheet and Strip. Formability. Cold-Rolled. Structural. and Bake Hardenable Standard Specification for Steel. and Toughness Standard Specification for Structural Steel Shapes Standard Specification for Steel Sheet. Solution Hardened. General Requirements for Standard Specification for General Requirements for Steel Sheet. Hot-Rolled and Cold-Rolled.Alloy Structural Tubing with Improved Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plate with 70 ksi [485 MPa] Minimum Yield Strength to 4 in. and High-Strength. Sheet and Strip. Carbon. Hot-Rolled. [100 mm] Thick Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plate With Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance Standard Specification for Steel Sheet.and NonmetallicCoated for Cold-Formed Framing Members Steel. Low-Alloy. and Other Externally Threaded Fasteners Standard Specification for Hex Cap Screws.7 Standard Specification for Steel. 60 000 psi Tensile Strength Standard Specification for Structural Bolts. Studs. 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength C. Hot-Rolled and Cold-Rolled. for Structural Steel Joints [Metric] Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts [Metric] Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers Standard Specification for “Twist Off” Type Tension Control Structural Bolt/Nut/Washer Assemblies. or Both Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs.3. and Other Externally Threaded Fasteners Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts [Metric] Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers Standard Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type Indicators for Use with Structural Fasteners [Metric] Direct Tension Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature Service Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature Service. Steel. High-Strength. Carbon and Alloy. General Requirements for Structural Steel Welding Code – Steel © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. Low-Alloy. General Use Standard Specification for High-Strength Steel Bolts. Heat Treated 830 MPa Minimum Tensile Strength [Metric] Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts.9 and 10. Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed) by the Hot-Dip Process American standards on shear stud connectors ASTM A 29–2004ε1 AWS D 1.2. Classes 10.3–1998 AWS A5.BCA T-186/2007 ASTM A 193–2004b ASTM A 194–2005b ASTM A 307–2004 ASTM A 325–2004b ASTM A 354–2004 ASTM A 449–2004b ASTM A 490–2004a ASTM A 563–2004 ASTM F 436–2003 Preloaded assemblies ASTM A 193–2004b ASTM A 194–2005b ASTM A 354–2004 ASTM A 563–2004 ASTM F 436–2003 ASTM F 959–2002 ASTM F 1852–2004a Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature Service Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature Service.9. Studs. with Improved Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance Standard Specification for Steel Sheet.6 Structural welding code – Sheet steel Specifications for carbon steel electrodes for shielded metal arc-welding American standards on profiled steel sheets ASTM A 606–2001 ASTM A 653–2005a C.2. Heat Treated.5 American standards on welding consumables AWS D1. Steel. Bolts and Studs. 23 November 2007 59 . Hot-Wrought. Heat Treated. or Both Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts. Sheet and Strip.1–2004 C. 120/105/90 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength. Steel.1–2004 Standard Specification for Steel Bars.2. 2 Design Code for Steel Structures – Part A: Structures in General Design Code for Steel Structures – Part B: Composite Structures Japanese standards on steel materials JIS G 3101:2004 JIS G 3106:2004 JIS G 3114:2004 JIS G 3128:1999 JIS G 3131:2005 JIS G 3132:2005 JIS G 3136:2005 JIS G 3302:2005 JIS G 3312:2005 JIS G 3321:2005 JIS G 3322:2005 JIS G 3352:2003 JIS G 3444:2006 JIS G 3466:2006 JIS G 3475:1996 C. 23 November 2007 60 © 12-2007 BCA .C. Tokyo.3.3.3. C.1 Japanese standards on design of steel structures JSCE: 1997 JSCE: 1997 C. sheets and strip Hot-rolled carbon steel strip for pipes and tubes Rolled steels for building structure Hot-dip zinc coated steel sheets and coils Prepainted hot-dip zinc-coated steel sheets and coils Hot-dip 55 % aluminium-zinc alloy-coated steel sheets and coils Prepainted hot-dip 55 % aluminium-zinc alloy-coated steel sheets and coils Steel decks Carbon steel tubes for general structural purposes Carbon steel square pipes for general structural purposes Carbon steel tubes for building structure Japanese standards on manufacturing tolerances JIS G 3191:2002 JIS G 3192:2005 JIS G 3193:2005 JIS G 3194:1998 C. sheets and strip Dimensions. mass and permissible variations of hot rolled flat steel Japanese standards on bolting assemblies Non-preloaded assemblies JIS B 1051:2000 JIS B 1052:1998 JIS B 1180:2004 JIS B 1181:2004 JIS B 1256:1998 Preloaded assemblies JIS B 1186:1995 Sets of high strength hexagon bolt. Japan. mass and permissible variations of hot rolled steel plates.3 Rolled steels for general structure Rolled steels for welded structure Hot-rolled atmospheric corrosion resisting steels for welded structure High yield strength steel plates for welded structure Hot-rolled mild steel plates.3.4 Dimensions. mass and permissible variations of hot rolled steel bars in coil Dimensions. hexagon nut and plain washers for friction grip joints Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel Mechanical properties of nuts Hexagon head bolts and hexagon head screws Hexagon nuts and hexagon thin nuts Plain washers Draft for Public Comment.3 Japanese standards for reference The following Japanese standards are published by the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee. mass and permissible variations of hot rolled steel sections Dimensions. 23 November 2007 61 . tolerances and markings Covered electrodes for mild steel Covered electrodes for high tensile strength steel Flux cored wires for gas shielded and self-shielded metal arc welding of mild steel.6 Welding consumables – Technical delivery conditions for welding filler materials – Type of product. dimensions.3.7 Hot-dip zinc coated steel sheets and coils Hot-dip 55 % aluminium-zinc alloy-coated steel sheets and coils Japanese standards on stud shear connectors JIS B 1198:1995 Headed studs © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. high strength steel and low temperature service steel Japanese standards on profiled steel sheets JIS G 3302:2005 JIS G 3321:2005 C.BCA T-186/2007 C.5 Japanese standards on welding consumables JIS Z 3200:1995 JIS Z 3211:2000 JIS Z 3212:2000 JIS Z 3313:1999 C.3.3. 2-1999 AS/NZS 2717.4. steel sheet and strip Structural steel – hot-rolled plates.1-2004 AS/NZS 4855-2007 AS/NZS 4857-2006 AS/NZS 1167.1-1996 C.4. Mechanical properties of fasteners – Nuts with specified proof load values – Coarse thread Australian/New Zealand standards on welding consumables AS 1554. C.1 Australian/New Zealand standards on design of steel structures AS 4100-1998 C. screws and studs High strength steel bolts with associated nuts and washers for structural engineering Hot-dip galvanized steel bolts with associated nuts and washers for tower construction.2-1995 C.1-2003 Structural Steel Welding – Welding of steel structures Manual arc weld Manual arc weld high strength steel Welding and brazing – Filler metals Welding – Electrodes – Gas metal arc Electrodes and fluxes for submerged-arc welding – Carbon steels and carbonmanganese steels Electrodes and fluxes for submerged-arc welding – Carbon steels and carbonmanganese steels Draft for Public Comment.4.1-2000 AS/NZS 1252-1996 AS/NZS 1559-1997 AS/NZS 4291.4 Tolerances for flat rolled steel products Steel plate for pressure equipment Structural steel – Part 1: Hot-rolled bars and sections Australian/New Zealand standards on bolting assemblies AS 1112. floor plates and slabs Structural steel – Part 1: Hot-rolled bars and sections Australian/New Zealand standards on manufacturing tolerances AS/NZS 1365-1996 AS 1548-1995 AS/NZS 3679. Australia.2 Steel structures Australian/New Zealand standards on steel materials AS 1163-2007 AS 1397-2001 AS 1548-1995 AS/NZS 1594-2002 AS/NZS 1595-1998 AS/NZS 3678-1996 AS/NZS 3679.1-2003 AS 1858.4.4.3-2000 AS 1112. unalloyed.1-1996 AS 1858. Sydney.1-1996 C.3 Structural steel hollow sections (cold-formed) Steel sheet and strip – Hot-dipped zinc-coated or aluminium/zinc-coated Steel plate for pressure equipment Hot-rolled steel flat products Cold-rolled.4-2000 AS 4291. 23 November 2007 62 © 12-2007 BCA .4 Australian/New Zealand standards for reference The following Australian/New Zealand standards are published by Standards Australia.5 ISO metric hexagon nuts – Part 3: Product grade C ISO metric hexagon nuts – Part 4: Chamfered thin nuts. Product grades A and B Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel – Bolts.C. BCA T-186/2007 C.4. 23 November 2007 63 .2-2003 Structural steel welding – Stud welding © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment.7 Steel sheet and strip – Hot-dipped zinc-coated or aluminium/zinc-coated Australian/New Zealand standards on shear stud connectors AS/NZS 1554.4.6 Australian/New Zealand standards on profiled steel sheets AS 1397-2001 C. 2 Code for design of steel structures Technical code of cold-formed thin-wall steel structures Technical specification for welding of steel structure of building Code for design. weight and permissible deviations Hot-rolled equal-leg angle steel – Dimensions.1-2000 GB/T 3098. weight and tolerances for hot-rolled steel plates and sheets Cold formed steel hollow sections for general structure – Dimensions. 23 November 2007 64 © 12-2007 BCA . shape.4 Hot-rolled beam steel – Dimensions. construction and acceptance of high strength bolt connection of steel structures Chinese standards on steel materials GB/T 700-2006 GB/T 912-1989 GB/T 1591-1994 GB/T 3274-1988 GB/T 4171-2000 GB/T 4172-2000 GBT 5313-1985 GB/T 8162-1999 GB/T 13304-1991 GB/T 15574-1995 YB 4104-2000 C. weight and tolerances Hot-rolled channel steel – Dimensions. C.5.3 Carbon structural steels Hot-rolled plain carbon and low alloy structural steel sheets and strips High strength low alloy structural steels Carbon structural and low alloy steel rolled plates and strips Superior atmospheric corrosion resisting structural steel Atmospheric corrosion resisting steel for welded structures Steel plate with through-thickness characteristics Seamless steel tubes for structural purposes Steels – Classification Steel products classification and definitions Steel plates for high rise building structure Chinese standards on manufacturing tolerances GB/T 706-1988 GB/T 707-1988 GB/T 709-2006 GB/T 6728-2002 GB/T 9787-1988 GB/T 9946-1988 GB/T 11263-2005 GBT 17395-1998 C.1 Chinese standards on design of steel structures GB 50017-2003 GB 50018-2002 JGJ 81-2002 JGJ 82-1991 C.5 Chinese standards for reference The following Chinese standards are published by the Standardization Administration of China.2-2000 Materials GB/T 699-1999 GB/T 3077-1999 Quality carbon structural steels Alloy structure steels Mechanical properties of fasteners – Bolts. weight and tolerances Dimension.5. weight and tolerances Dimensions. shape.5. Beijing. masses and tolerances of seamless steel tubes Chinese standards on bolting assemblies General information GB/T 3098. weight and tolerances for hot-rolled L-sectional steel The hot-rolled H and cut T section Dimensions.C. shape.5. shape. shapes. shapes. People’s Republic of China. shape. screws and studs Mechanical properties of fasteners – Nuts – Coarse thread Draft for Public Comment. 6 Wire rod for electrode Carbon steel covered electrodes Low alloy steel covered electrodes Carbon steel electrodes and fluxes for submerged arc welding Welding wires for gas shielding arc welding of carbon and low alloy steels Carbon steel flux cored electrodes for arc welding Low alloy steel electrodes and fluxes for submerged arc welding Steel wires for melt welding Dimensions. plain washers for steel structures Sets of torshear type high strength bolt hexagon nut and plain washer for steel structures Technical requirement for sets of torshear type high strength bolt hexagon nut and plain washer for steel structures Chinese standards on welding consumables GB/T 3429-2002 GB/T 5117-1995 GB/T 5118-1995 GB/T 5293-1999 GB/T 8110-1995 GB/T 10045-2001 GB/T 12470-2003 GB/T 14957-1994 GB/T 14981-2004 GB/T 17493-1998 C. style 2 High strength bolts with large hexagon head for steel structures High strength large hexagon nuts for steel structures High strength plain washers for steel structures Specifications of high strength bolts with large hexagon nuts. shape.5.BCA T-186/2007 GB/T 6478-2001 Non-preloaded assemblies GB/T 41-2000 GB/T 95-2002 GB/T 5780-2000 GB/T 5781-2000 GB/T 5782-2000 GB/T 5783-2000 GB/T 6170-2000 GB/T 6175-2000 Preloaded assemblies GB/T 1228-2006 GB/T 1229-2006 GB/T 1230-2006 GB/T 1231-2006 GB/T 3632-1995 GB/T 3633-1995 C.5 Steels for cold heading and cold extruding Hexagon nuts – Product grade C Plain washers – Product grade C Hexagon head bolts – Product grade C Hexagon head bolts – Full thread – Product grade C Hexagon head bolts Hexagon head bolts – Full thread Hexagon nuts. style 1 Hexagon nuts.5. 23 November 2007 65 .5.7 Continuous hot-dip zinc-coated steel sheets and strips Roll-profiled steel sheet for building Chinese standards on stud shear connectors GB/T 10433-2002 Cheese head studs for arc stud welding © 12-2007 BCA Draft for Public Comment. mass and tolerances for hot-rolled wire rods Low alloy steel flux cored electrodes for arc welding Chinese standards on profiled steel sheets GB/T 2518-2004 GB/T 12755-1991 C.