DIGITAL ELECTRONICS LAB MANUALET-364(A) FOR rd 3 YEAR, DAE (ELECTRICAL) PUNJAB BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, LAHORE NAME____________________________________ FATHER’S NAME__________________________ ROLL NO__________________________________ BATCH_______2009-2012________ DEPATRMENT OF ELECTRICAL Dr. ABDUL QADEER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE ELLAHABAD, 0494752820 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS LAB DO’S 1. Be regular to the lab. 2. Follow proper Dress Code. 3. Maintain Silence. 4. Know the theory behind the experiment before coming to the lab. 5. Identify the different leads or terminals or pins of the IC before making Connection. 6. Know the Biasing Voltage required for different families of IC’s and connect the power supply voltage and ground terminals to the respective pins of the IC’s. 7. Know the Current and Voltage rating of the IC’s before using them in the experiment. 8. Avoid unnecessary talking while doing the experiment. 9. Handle the IC Trainer Kit properly. 10. Mount the IC Properly on the IC Zif Socket. 11. Handle the microprocessor kit properly. 12. While doing the Interfacing, connect proper voltages to the interfacing kit. 13. Keep the Table clean. 14. Take a signature of the In charge before taking the kit/components. 15. After the completion of the experiments switch off the power supply and return the apparatus. 16. Arrange the chairs/stools and equipment properly before leaving the lab. .DON’ TS 1. Do not exceed the voltage Rating. 2. Do not inter change the IC’s while doing the experiment. 3. Avoid loose connections and short circuits. 4. Do not throw the connecting wires to floor. 5. Do not come late to the lab. 6. Do not operate ìp/IC trainer kits unnecessarily. 7. Do not panic if you don’t get the output CONTENTS Experiment No Page. No 1. Verification of Gates 2 2. Half/Full Adder/Subtractor 7 3. Parallel Adder/Subtractor 9 4. 4-Bit Magnitude Comparator 12 5. MUX/DEMUX 13 6. Decoder and Encoder 15 7. BCD to Seven Segment Display 17 8. RS Flip-Flop 18 9. D Flip-Flops 19 10. JK Flip-Flops 20 11. Schmitt Trigger 21 12. Uses of IC555 22 13. Shift Registers 24 14. Counters 27 15. Memory Devices 30 16. 8085 Microprocessor 33 17. Project-1 18. Project-2 19. Project-3 Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ The Breadboard The breadboard consists of two terminal strips and two bus strips (often broken in the centre). Each bus strip has two rows of contacts. Each of the two rows of contacts are a node. That is, each contact along a row on a bus strip is connected together (inside the breadboard). Bus strips are used primarily for power supply connections, but are also used for any node requiring a large number of connections. Each terminal strip has 60 rows and 5 columns of contacts on each side of the centre gap. Each row of 5 contacts is a node. You will build your circuits on the terminal strips by inserting the leads of circuit components into the contact receptacles and making connections with 22-26 gauge wire. There are wire cutter/strippers and a spool of wire in the lab. It is a good practice to wire +5V and 0V power supply connections to separate bus strips. Bus Strip Often gap here Terminal Strip The breadboard. The lines indicate connected holes. The 5V supply MUST NOT BE EXCEEDED since this will damage the ICs (Integrated circuits) used during the experiments. Incorrect connection of power to the ICs could result in them exploding or becoming very hot - with the possible serious injury occurring to the people working on the experiment! Ensure that the power supply polarity and all components and connections are correct before switching on power . Building the Circuit Throughout these experiments we will use TTL chips to build circuits. The steps for wiring a circuit should be completed in the order described below: 1. Turn the power (Trainer Kit) off before you build anything! 2. Make sure the power is off before you build anything! 3. Connect the +5V and ground (GND) leads of the power supply to the power and ground bus strips on your breadboard. Page 1 /B). Connect +5V and GND pins of each chip to the power and ground bus strips on the breadboard. If you locate any errors in this manual. 9. If an error is made and is not spotted before you turn the power on. before you turn the power on. so as not to try to make the same connection again at a later stage. If you damage a chip. It is better to make the short connections before the longer ones. chips and all equipment and return them to the demonstrator. Leaving out wires. please note that the ഥ . Common Causes of Problems 1. 5. collect you hook-up wires. You should use that notation during the write-up of your notation /A refers to laboratory experiments. inform a demonstrator. Turn the power off immediately before you begin to rewire the circuit.com Example Implementation of a Logic Circuit Build a circuit to implement the Boolean function F = / (/A. Tidy the area that you were working in and leave it in the same condition as it was before you started. components at the start of the experiment and return them to their proper place after you have finished the experiment. Select a connection on your schematic and place a piece of hook-up wire between corresponding pins of the chips on your breadboard. Driving a single gate input with the outputs of two or more gates 6. Not connecting the ground and/or power pins for all chips. Plug the chips you will be using into the breadboard. Mark each connection on your schematic as you go. Get one of your group members to check the connections. 10. 4. Quad 2 Input 7400 Hex 7404 Inverter Page 2 . In all experiments. Modifying the circuit with the power on.Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ 4. 3. leads. Not turning on the power supply before checking the operation of the circuit. (Pin 1 is often identified by a dot or a notch next to it on the chip package) 5. 6. Plugging wires into the wrong holes. Point all the chips in the same direction with pin 1 at the upper-left corner. you will be expected to obtain all instruments. please e-mail:m_sh9t@yahoo. 7. 2. 8. At the end of the laboratory session. don't put it back in the box of chips for somebody else to use. Please inform the demonstrator or technician if you locate faulty equipment. to save confusion at a later stage. Remember that you must connect power to the chips to get them to work. Digital Electronics Lab Manual Written by: Muhammad Shakeel Page 3 .Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ The complete designed and connected circuit Sometimes the chip manufacturer may denote the first pin by a small indented circle above the first pin of the chip. Place your chips in the same direction. 6. Connect the outputs to the switches of O/P LEDs. 3. 4. 2. 5.To study and verify the truth table of logic gates Apparatus Required: - All the gate ICs mention in the fig. 2-Input AND Gate 74LS08 A B 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 Y4 (V) O/P Y1 (V) Y2 (V) Y3 (V) Y4 (V) 1 1 2-Input OR Gate 74LS32 A B 0 0 1 0 1 Y3 (V) 4081 B 0 Y2 (V) 1 A 1 Y1 (V) 1 2-Input AND Gate 0 O/P O/P Y1 (V) Y2 (V) Y3 (V) Y4 (V) 1 1 Page 4 . Place the IC on IC Trainer Kit. Disconnect output from the LEDs and note down the corresponding Multimeter voltage readings for various combinations of inputs. Connect VCC and ground to respective pins of IC Trainer Kit. Connect the inputs to the input switches provided in the IC Trainer Kit. Apply various combinations of inputs according to the truth table and Observe condition of LEDs.Digital Electronics Lab Manual Experiment No: 1 ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ VERIFICATION OF GATES Date: __/__/____ Aim: . Procedure: - 1. Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ 2-Input OR Gate A B 0 0 1 0 0 4071 O/P 1 Inverter (NOT) Gate 0 Y2 (V) Y3 (V) Y4 (V) 1 1 A Y1 (V) 74LS04 O/P Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y4 Y4 Y4 (V) (V) (V) (V) (V) (V) (V) 1 Inverter (NOT) Gate A 4009 O/P Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y4 Y4 Y4 (V) (V) (V) (V) (V) (V) (V) 0 1 2-Input NAND Gate A B 0 0 1 0 0 1 74LS00 O/P Y3 (V) Y4 (V) Y2 (V) Y3 (V) Y4 (V) 1 A B 0 0 1 0 1 Y2 (V) 1 2-Input NAND Gate 0 Y1 (V) 4011 O/P Y1 (V) 1 1 Page 5 . Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ 2-Input NOR Gate A B 0 0 1 0 0 74LS02 O/P A B 0 0 1 0 0 O/P Y1 (V) Y3 (V) Y4 (V) Y2 (V) Y3 (V) Y4 (V) 1 A B 0 0 1 0 0 74LS86 O/P Y1 (V) 1 2-Input XOR Gate 1 A B 0 0 1 0 4030 O/P Y1 (V) Y2 (V) Y3 (V) Y4 (V) Y2 (V) Y3 (V) Y4 (V) 1 1 2-Input XNOR Gate A B 0 0 1 0 1 Y2 (V) 4001 2-Input XOR Gate 0 Y4 (V) 1 1 1 Y3 (V) 1 2-Input NOR Gate 0 Y2 (V) 1 1 1 Y1 (V) O/P 4077 Y1 (V) 1 1 Page 6 . Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Signature of the staff in charge Page 7 . 74LS32. 4. 74LS04 etc. 2. Note down the output readings for half/full adder and half/full Subtractor sum/difference and the carry/borrow bit for different combinations of inputs.To realize half/full adder and half/full Subtractor. Make the connection as per circuit diagram. Apparatus Required: IC 74LS86. Verify the Gates. Logic Diagram of Half Adder Truth Table A B 0 1 0 1 1 0 Sum Carry 0 1 Logic Diagram of Full Adder Truth Table of full Adder ۱ܑܖ 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 Inputs A 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 B 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Outputs ∑ ۱ܗ Page 8 . 3. Switch on VCC and apply various combinations of input according to the Truth table. Procedure:1. 74LS08.Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Experiment No: 2 Date: __/__/____ HALF/FULL ADDER & HALF/FULL SUBTRACTOR Aim: . Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Logic Diagram of Half Subtractor A 0 B 0 1 0 0 Logic Diagram of Full Subtractor 1 Di ۰ܗ 1 1 Inputs ۰ܑ ܖA 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 B 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Outputs Di ۰ܗ Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Signature of the staff in charge Page 9 . To design and implement 4 bit binary adder. The truth tables of Adder.74LS04 Procedure:1. Apparatus Required: IC 74LS83. IC’s Pin configuration I C 4 0 0 8 Adder Page 10 .Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Experiment No: 3 Date: __/__/____ Design and implementation of 4 bit binary Adder/ Subtractor: Aim: . 4 bit binary Subtractor and adder/Subtractor using IC 7483. 74LS86. 3. Apply the Inputs to A1 to A4 and B1 to B4. Subtractor and adder-Subtractor are noted down. Make the connection as per circuit diagram. Switch on VCC and apply various combinations of input according to the Truth table. 4. 2. Digital Electronics Lab Manual Truth Table of Adder A3 0 0 1 1 0 A2 0 1 0 1 1 A1 0 0 1 1 1 Subtractor:- A0 1 1 0 1 1 B3 0 1 1 1 0 Truth Table of Subtractor A3 0 0 0 1 1 A2 0 1 0 0 0 A1 1 0 1 1 0 A0 0 1 1 0 0 Adder / Subtractor B3 0 0 0 0 1 ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ B2 0 0 0 1 0 B1 1 1 1 1 1 B0 0 1 0 1 1 C4(V) S3(V) S2(V) S1(V) S0(V) B2 0 0 1 1 1 B1 0 1 0 1 1 B0 1 1 1 0 1 C4(V) S3(V) S2(V) S1(V) S0(V) Add=0 Subtract=1 Page 11 . Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Truth Table of Adder / Subtractor Input Data A Input Data B A4 A3 A2 A1 B4 B3 B2 B1 C out 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 Addition S4 S3 S2 S1 Subtraction Bout D4 D3 D2 D1 0 0 1 1 Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Signature of the staff in charge Page 12 . To Verify 4-bit magnitude comparator operation. Verify the output readings for different inputs according to function table. 3. Make the connection as per pin diagram of 74LS85 IC. Switch on VCC and apply various inputs according to the function table. Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Signature of the staff in charge Page 13 . Apparatus Required: IC 74LS85 Procedure:1. 2.Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Experiment No: 4 Date: __/__/____ 4-bit magnitude comparator Aim: . Apparatus Required: IC 4514. Switch on VCC and apply various inputs according to the Truth table.Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Experiment No: 5 Date: __/__/____ Multiplexer and De Multiplexer: Aim: .Multiplexer S0 S1 S2 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1-16 line De Multiplexer 0 0 1 Z 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 E 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 A1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 A2 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 A3 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 O/P Page 14 . Note down the output readings for Multiplexer and De Multiplexer.To Verify truth table of Multiplexer and verify a De multiplexer. 6. Make the connection as per circuit diagram. 8 input. 4515 Procedure:- 4. 5. 1 to 4 line De Multiplexer G B A 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 Y 0 1 Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Signature of the staff in charge Page 15 .Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ 74LS139. for decoder circuit 2. Apparatus Required: IC 4514. Switch on VCC and apply various inputs according to the Truth table. 45147 Procedure:- 1. 4.To design and implement of Decoder and Encoder. Make the connection as per circuit diagram of 4514 shown in Experiment No 5. Make the connection as per circuit diagram of 45147 given down for Encoder.Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Experiment No: 6 Date: __/__/____ Decoder and Encoder Aim: . Note down the output readings for Decoder and Encoder. 3. Truth Table of Decoder:- No 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 BCD inputs A0 A1 A2 L L L L L L L L H L L H L H L L H L L H H L H H H L L H L L A3 L H L H L H L H L H 0 1 2 3 Decimal output 4 5 6 7 8 9 Encoder Page 16 . Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Truth Table of Encoder Decimal Digit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A BCD code B C D Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Signature of the staff in charge Page 17 . seven segment display. 3. Make the connection as per circuit diagram of 74LS47 2.To design and implement of BCD to seven segment Decoder. BCD to Seven segment Decoder/Driver A0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 A1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 A2 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 A3 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Digits a 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 b c d e f g Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Signature of the staff in charge Page 18 . Procedure:- 1. Apparatus Required: IC 74LS47. Note down the output readings for Decoder using seven segment displays. Switch on VCC and apply various inputs according to the Truth table.Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Experiment No: 7 Date: __/__/____ BCD to Seven Segment Decoder Aim: . To Verify function of RS Flip-Flop.Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Experiment No: 8 Date: __/__/____ RS Flip Flop Aim:. Switch on VCC and apply various inputs according to the Truth table. 3. Note down the output readings for RS Flip-Flop in truth table. Make the connection as per circuit diagram. 2. Apparatus Required: IC 4043 Procedure:1. IC4043 Pin Diagram Truth Table S R 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 Q Mode of Operation Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Signature of the staff in charge Page 19 . Note down the output readings for D Flip-Flop in truth table.To Verify function of D Flip-Flop.Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Experiment No: 9 Date: __/__/____ D Flip Flop Aim: . IC4013 Pin Diagram Truth Table CL D 0 1 S R 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 Q Q Q Q Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Signature of the staff in charge Page 20 . 2. Apparatus Required: IC 4013 Procedure:1. 3. Switch on VCC and apply various inputs according to the Truth table. Make the connection as per circuit diagram. To Verify function of JK Flip-Flop. Note down the output readings for JK Flip-Flop in truth table.Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Experiment No: 10 Date: __/__/____ JK Flip Flop Aim: . Make the connection as per circuit diagram. 3. 2. Apparatus Required: IC 4027 or 74LS76 Procedure:1. IC4027 Pin Diagram CL J K 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 Q 74LS76 Pin Diagram Q Mode of Operation Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Signature of the staff in charge Page 21 . Switch on VCC and apply various inputs according to the Truth table. To Verify function of Schmitt Trigger. IC4093Pin Diagram Wave form Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Signature of the staff in charge Page 22 . Apparatus Required: IC 4093 or 74LS13 or 74LS14 Procedure:1. 2. Switch on VCC and apply various inputs according to the circuit diagram. Check the output wave form on oscilloscope. 3. Make the connection as per circuit diagram.Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Experiment No: 11 Date: __/__/____ Schmitt Trigger Aim: . The width of this wave is dependent on capacitor charging and discharging time. Make the connection as per circuit diagram. 3. the out put voltage wave form is square wave. Apparatus Required: IC 555 .Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Experiment No: 12 Date: __/__/____ Uses of IC 555 Aim: .74LS13 or 74LS14 Procedure:1.the time period of high output is depend on capacitor charging time: ݐௐ ൌ ͳǤͳܴଵܥଵ When capacitor charging complete. IC555 Pin Diagram Circuit diagram of Astable 555 timer In the astable timer. 2. Due to this resin this circuit is also called one-short operation of 555 timer. when the capacitor is charging the output is high that’s time period is: ݐு ൌ ͲǤሺܴଵ ܴଶ ሻܥଵ When capacitor is discharging. Page 23 . Switch on VCC and apply various inputs according to the circuit diagram. Check the output wave form on oscilloscope. its output high for several seconds or minutes when a negative trigger pulse is applied on its pin2. output is low that’s time period is: ܶ ൌ ݐு ݐ ൌ ͲǤሺܴଵ ʹܴଶ ሻܥଵ and ݂ൌ Circuit diagram of Monostable 555 timer ݐ ൌ ͲǤܴଶ ܥଵ ଵǤସସ ሺோభାଶோమ ሻభ In monostable timer. output will low.To construct Astable and Monostable Multivibrator by using 555 timer and Verify there functions. Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Signature of the staff in charge Page 24 . Switch on VCC and apply various inputs according to the circuit diagram.Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Experiment No: 13 Date: __/__/____ Shift Registers Aim: . 2. Make the connection as per circuit diagram. 3. Apparatus Required: 74LS164 . SIPO 74LS164 CLK H H H H H H H H Serial in ܳ ܳଵ ܳଶ ܳଷ ܳସ ܳହ ܳ ܳ 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Page 25 .To Verify function of different shift resistors. Check the output and note down in the truth table. 74LS65 .4035 Procedure:1. Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ PISO and SISO 74LS165 Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Page 26 . Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ PIPO 4035 Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Signature of the staff in charge Page 27 . Make the connection as per circuit diagram.To Verify function of different Counters. Check the output and note down in the truth table.Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Experiment No: 14 Date: __/__/____ Counters Aim: . Switch on VCC and apply various inputs according to the circuit diagram. of CP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 (Recycles) Binary counting sequence ܳଷ ܳଶ ܳଵ ܳ Decimal count Page 28 . 3. 74LS93. 4-bit synchronous counter No. 2. Apparatus Required: 74LS164 . divide by 12 counter 74LS163.4035 Procedure:1. 74LS65 . Synchronous 4-Bit Up/Down Counter with Mode Control 74LS197. 4-STAGE PRESETTABLE RIPPLE COUNTERS Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Page 29 .Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ 74LS191. Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Signature of the staff in charge Page 30 . one for VDD (2. 24AA00 128 Bit I2C™ Bus Serial EEPROM PIN DESCRIPTIONS 1. It is an open Page 31 .Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Experiment No: 15 Date: __/__/____ Memory Devices Aim: .2 Programming Mode The programming mode for the PIC12C67X and PIC12CE67X allows programming of user program memory. and the configuration word for the PIC12C67X and PIC12CE67X. Both supplies should have a minimum resolution of 0. This allows for increased design flexibility.0 PROGRAMMING THE PIC12C67X AND PIC12CE67X The PIC12C67X and PIC12CE67X can be programmed using a serial method. 1. SDA Serial Data This is a bidirectional pin used to transfer addresses and data into and data out of the device.0V to 6.0V recommended) and one for VPP (12V to 14V). special locations used for ID.To study the function of different memory devices.25V. PIC12C67X EPROM Memory Programming Specification 1. 1.1 Hardware Requirements The PIC12C67X and PIC12CE67X requires two programmable power supplies. In serial mode the PIC12C67X and PIC12CE67X can be programmed while in the users system. 2 kÙ for 400 kHz). therefore the SDA bus requires a pull-up resistor to VCC (typical 10 kÙ for 100 kHz. Noise Protection The SCL and SDA inputs have Schmitt Trigger and filter circuits which suppress noise spikes to assure proper device operation even on a noisy bus. SCL Serial Clock This input is used to synchronize the data transfer from and to the device. For normal data transfer SDA is allowed to change only during SCL low. 2. 3.Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ drain terminal. UVEPROM Built-in 8-bit single chip microcontroller HM-6514 1024 x 4 CMOS RAM Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Page 32 . Changes during SCL high are reserved for indicating the Start and Stop conditions. Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________ Signature of the staff in charge Page 33 . S0-S1: S0 and S1 are status signals which provides different status and functions depending on their status. Page 34 ..To study the function of 8085 Microprocessor. IO/M’: Consider we have an address to be processed. So the first clock cycle means the first transition of pulse from 0volts to 5 volts and then back to 0 volts. Address/Data Bus: AD0-AD7 constitutes the Address/Data bus. The lower order address bus is added to memory or any external latch. When this pin goes high. third so on. the address is for an I/O device. But what is a clock cycle? What is first clock cycle and second. Address Bus: The pins A8-A15 denote the address bus. ALE: Address Latch Enable: In the previous article we saw how ALE helps in demultiplexing the lower order address and data bus. A clock cycle is nothing but the time taken between two adjacent pulses of the oscillator. In simple words clock cycle refers to the transition between o volts to 5 volts and back to 0 volts. But how do the processors know whether the address is for memory or I/O functions? For this purpose a status signal called IO/M’ is used. They are used for the most significant bit of memory address. This distinguishes whether the address is for memory or IO. While the pin goes low. These pins are used for least significant bits of address bus in the first machine clock cycle and used as data bus for second and third clock cycle. the address is assigned for the memory.. They are time multiplexed.Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Experiment No: 16 Date: __/__/____ 8085 Microprocessor Aim: . This signal goes high during the first clock cycle and enables the lower order address bits. TRAP: Among the interrupts of 8085 microprocessor. It has to be acknowledged. RESET OUT: This pin indicates that the CPU has been reset by RESET IN’. 7. After the LCD process is over. If READY is high then the periphery is ready for data transfer. 6. an operation is performed when the signal goes low. This acknowledgement is done by INTA’. If not the microprocessor waits until READY goes high. That is. they can be enabled or disabled using programs. INTR can be enabled or disabled by using software. These peripherals are connected to microprocessor using the READY pin. So whenever the interrupt is received INTA’ goes high. INTR: INTR is an interrupt request signal. This signal is used to control READ operation of the microprocessor. When this pin goes low. HOLD: This indicates if any other device is requesting the use of address and data bus. the data is written to the memory or I/O device. WR’: WR’ is also an active low signal which controls the write operations of the microprocessor. HLDA goes low. It has the highest priority among the interrupts. RST 5. After the execution of HOLD request. One is the LCD and the other Analog to Digital converter.5: These are nothing but the restart interrupts.5 INTR RESET IN’: This pin resets the program counter to 0 and resets interrupt enable and HLDA flip-flops. Consider two peripheral devices. HLDA: HLDA is the acknowledgment signal for HOLD. The CPU is held in reset condition until this pin is high. INTA’: Whenever the microprocessor receives interrupt signal. It indicates whether the HOLD signal is received or not. READY: READY is used by the microprocessor to check whether a peripheral is ready to accept or transfer data. Whenever INTR goes high the microprocessor completes the current instruction which is being executed and then acknowledges the INTR signal and processes it. Suppose if analog to digital converter is using the address and data bus and if LCD requests the use of address and data bus by giving HOLD signal. the control is transferred back to analog and digital converter. It cannot be enabled or disabled using a program.5.5 RST 5. A peripheral may be a LCD display or analog to digital converter or any other.5 RST 6. It has the lowest priority among the interrupts. then the microprocessor transfers the control to the LCD as soon as the current cycle is over. Page 35 .5. PRIORITY ORDER (From highest to lowest) TRAP RST 7. That is. However the flags and registers won’t get affected except for instruction register. When this pin goes low the microprocessor reads the data from memory or I/O device. TRAP is the only non-maskable interrupt.Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ RD’: This is an active low signal. They insert an internal restart function automatically. All the above mentioned interrupts are maskable interrupts. The serial data on this pin delivers its output to the seventh bit of the accumulator when SIM instruction is executed. Its frequency is always same as the frequency at which the microprocessor operates. which checks whether the interrupt is masked or not. RIM stands for READ INTERRUPT MASK. Conclusion:___________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ Signature of the staff in charge Page 36 . This is provided by CLK pin. SID: This pin provides serial input data.Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ X1 X2: These are the terminals which are connected to external oscillator to produce the necessary and suitable clock operation. Vcc and Vss: Vcc is +5v pin and Vss is ground pin. CLK: Sometimes it is necessary for generating clock outputs from microprocessors so that they can be used for other peripherals or other digital IC’s. The serial data on this pin is loaded into the seventh bit of the accumulator when RIM instruction is executed. Thus the pin diagram and signals of 8085 microprocessor are explained in detail. SOD: This pin provides the serial output data. Digital Electronics Lab Manual ܾ݄݈݈݀ܽܽܽܧܫܲܦ Project-1 Moving message display Page 37 .
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